TITLE: IPM and Biological Control of Weeds
 PUBLICATION DATE: November 1992  
 ENTRY DATE: September 1995
 EXPIRATION DATE:  
 UPDATE FREQUENCY: 
 CONTACT:  Jane Gates
           Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
           National Agricultural Library
           Room 304, 10301 Baltimore Ave.
           Beltsville, MD  20705-2351
           Telephone:  (301) 504-6559
           FAX:  (301) 504-6409
           Internet:  afsic@nal.usda.gov
 DOCUMENT TYPE:  text
 DOCUMENT SIZE:  350k (183 pages)
 
 
 ==============================================================
                                              ISSN:  1052-5378
 United States Department of Agriculture      
 National Agricultural Library
 10301 Baltimore Blvd.
 Beltsville, Maryland  20705-2351
 
 IPM and Biological Control of Weeds
 January 1990 - September 1992
 
 QB 93-05
 Quick Bibliography SeriesBibliographies in the Quick Bibliography Series of the National
 Agricultural Library, are intended primarily for
 current awareness, and as the title of the series implies, are not
 indepth exhaustive bibliographies on any given subject.  However,
 the citations are a substantial resource for recent investigations
 on a given topic.  They also serve the purpose of bringing the
 literature of agriculture to the interested user who, in many
 cases, could not access it by any other
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 evidence of extensive interest are the selection criteria.
 
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 IPM and Biological Control of Weeds January 1990 - September 1992
 
 Quick Bibliography Series:  QB 93-05
 Updates QB 91-70
 
 414 citations from AGRICOLA in English
 
 Jayne T. MacLean
 Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
 
 November 1992National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
 
 MacLean, Jayne T.
   IPM and biological control of weeds.
   (Quick bibliography series ; 93-05)
   1. Pests--Integrated control--Bibliography. 2. Weeds--
 Biological control--Bibliography. I. Title.
 aZ5071.N3 no.93-05AGRICOLA
 
 Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA
 database between January 1979 and the present.
 
 
 SAMPLE CITATIONS
 
 Citations in this bibliography are from the National
 Agricultural Library's AGRICOLA database.  An explanation of sample
 journal article, book, and audiovisual citations
 appears below.
 
 JOURNAL ARTICLE:
 
   Article title.
   Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher.  Journal Title.   
 Date.  Volume (Issue).  Pages.  (NAL Call Number).
 
 Example:
   Morrison, S.B.  Denver, Colo.:  American School Food Service  
 Association.  School foodservice journal.  Sept 1987. v. 41   (8).
 p.48-50. ill.  (NAL Call No.:  DNAL 389.8.SCH6).
 
 BOOK:
 
   Title.
   Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date. Information   on
 pagination, indices, or bibliographies.  (NAL Call
   Number).
 
 Example:
 
   Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
   Kane, June Kozak.  New York:  Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
   Includes index.  xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm.  Bibliography:   p.
 126. (NAL Call No.:  DNAL RM218.K36 1987).
 
 AUDIOVISUAL:
 
   Title.
   Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date.
   Supplemental information such as funding.  Media format
   (i.e., videocassette):  Description (sound, color, size).   (NAL
 Call Number).
 
 Example:
   All aboard the nutri-train.
   Mayo, Cynthia.  Richmond, Va.:  Richmond Public Schools,
   1981.  NET funded.  Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
   Mayo.  1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
   activity packet. (NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV). IPM and Biological Control of Weeds
 
                         Search Strategy
 
 Set       Description
 
 S1        IPM
 S2        INTEGRATED
 S3        PEST
 S4        MANAGEMENT
 S5        INTEGRATED(W)PEST(W)MANAGEMENT
 S6        IPM OR INTEGRATED( )PEST( )MANAGEMENT
 S7        INTEGRATED
 S8        CONTROL?
 S9        INTEGRATED(W)CONTROL?
 S10       S6 OR INTEGRATED( )CONTROL?
 S11       BIOCONTROL
 S12       BIOLOGICAL
 S13       CONTROL?
 S14       BIOLOGICAL(W)CONTROL?
 S15       S10 OR BIOCONTROL OR BIOLOGICAL( )CONTROL?
 S16       WEED?
 S17       SH=F900
 S18       WEED? OR SH=F900
 S19       S15 AND S18
 S20       S19/TI,DE,ID
 S21       S20/ENG
 S22       S21 AND UD=9001:99991                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47     
 1991 commercial pecan: insect, disease, and weed control          
 recommendations. Gasaway, W.S.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (27): 13 p.; 1991 Jan.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Carya illinoensis; Pest control; Insect control;
 Disease control; Weed control
 
 
 2                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1991
 corn: insect, disease, nematode, and weed control
 recommendations. Everest, J.W.; Patterson, M.G.; Mask, P.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (428): 10 p.; 1991 Jan.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Zea mays; Pest control; Insect control; Disease
 control; Nematode control; Weed control
 
 
 3                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1991
 cotton: insect, disease, nematode, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Edminsten, K.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Feb.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (415): 23 p.; 1991 Feb.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Gossypium; Pest control; Insect control; Disease
 control; Nematode control; Weed control
 
 
 4                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1991
 grain sorghum: insect, disease, nematode, and weed
 control recommendations.
 Everest, J.W.; Patterson, M.G.; Mask, P.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Feb.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (429): 10 p.; 1991 Feb.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sorghum bicolor; Pest control; Insect control; Disease
 control; Nematode control; Weed control
 
 
 5                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1991
 peanut: insect, disease, nematode, and weed control
 recommendations. Everest, J.W.; Hartzog, D.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Feb.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (360): 11 p.; 1991 Feb.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Arachis hypogaea; Pest control; Insect control;
 Disease control; Nematode control; Weed control
 
 
 6                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1991
 Small fruits--insect, disease, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Powell, A. Auburn,
 Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (478): 16 p.; 1991 Jan.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Small fruits; Pest control; Plant
 disease control; Pesticides
 
 
 7                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1991
 small grains: insect, disease, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Mask, P.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1990 Dec.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (458): 11 p.; 1990 Dec.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Grain; Insect control; Weed control; Plant
 disease control
 
 
 8                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1992
 commercial vegetables insect, disease, nematode, and weed control
 recommendations.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Mar.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (2): 44 p.; 1992 Mar.  In Subseries: Integrated
 Pest Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Vegetables; Insect control; Disease control;
 Nematode control; Weed control; Integrated pest management;
 Insects; Insecticides; Plant diseases; Fungicides; Nematoda;
 Nematicides; Weeds; Herbicides
 
 
 9                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1992
 Corn: insect, disease, nematode, and weed control
 recommendation. Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (428): 10 p.; 1992 Jan.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Zea mays; Insect control; Nematode
 control; Disease control; Weed control; Insects; Insecticides;
 Plant diseases; Disease resistance; Nematicides; Weeds;
 Herbicides; Integrated pest management
 
 
 10                                NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1992
 cotton--insect, disease, nematode, and weed control
 recommendations. Paterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Feb.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (415): 23 p.; 1992 Feb.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Gossypium hirsutum; Insect control;
 Disease control; Nematode control; Weed control; Integrated pest
 management; Insects; Insecticides; Plant diseases;
 Nematoda; Fungicides; Cultural control; Weeds; Herbicides;
 Rotations; Growth regulators; Defoliation
 
 
 11                                NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1992
 small fruits--insect, disease, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Himelrick, D.;
 Powell, A. Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (478): 16 p.; 1991 Dec.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Small fruits; Insect control; Plant
 disease control; Weed control; Insecticides; Herbicides;
 Fungicides
 
 
 12                                NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1992
 small grains--insect, disease, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Mask, P.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (458): 10 p.; 1991 Dec.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Avena sativa; Hordeum vulgare; Secale
 cereale; Triticum aestivum; Cultivars; Insect control; Plant
 disease control; Weed control; Insecticides; Fungicides;
 Herbicides
 
 
 13                                NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47 1992
 soybean--insect, disease, nematode and weed control
 recommendations. Everest, J.W.; Patterson, M.G.; Henderson, J.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (413): 19 p.; 1992 Jan.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Glycine max; Insect control; Disease
 control; Weed control; Integrated pest management; Nematode
 control; Insects; Insecticides; Plant diseases; Fungicides;
 Nematoda; Cultural control; Weeds; Herbicides
 
 
 14                               NAL Call. No.: QH541.5.T7J68 
 The abundance of native insects on the introduced weed Mimosa pigra
 in Northern Australia.
 Flanagan, G.J.; Wilson, C.G.; Gillett, J.D.
 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 May.
 Journal of tropical ecology v. 6 (pt.2): p. 219-230; 1990 May. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Mimosa pigra; Weed control; Biological
 control; Insects; Seasonality
 
 
 15                                    NAL Call. No.: QL461.E4
 Adverse effects on fall armyworm feeding on fungus-free leaves of
 fungus-infected plants.
 Stovall, M.E.; Clay, K.
 Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Nov.
 Ecological entomology v. 16 (4): p. 519-523; 1991 Nov. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Louisiana; Cyperus rotundus; Biological control;
 Clavicipitales; Fungal diseases; Adverse effects; Insecticidal
 action; Spodoptera frugiperda; Weed control
 
 
 16                                  NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532 
 Age and phytochemical composition of waterhyacinth
 (Pontederiaceae) leaves determine their acceptability to
 Neochetina eichhornia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).
 Center, T.D.; Wright, A.D.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Feb.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (1): p. 323-334; 1991 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Eichhornia crassipes; Neochetina eichhorniae;
 Leaves; Plant analysis; Age; Phenols; Attractants; Weed
 control; Smell; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  Behavior of the weevil Neochetina eichhorniae
 Warner, a specialist herbivore, varied with leaf age of
 waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laubach
 [Pontederiaceae]). In the field, adult feeding decreased as the
 leaves aged. Accrued feeding damage on 8-d-old leaves was only
 about 60% of the sum of two respective sets of 4-d-old leaves.
 Likewise, on 40-d-old leaves the accrued feeding
 damage was only 21% of that from 10 successive 4-d-old sets.
 Laboratory studies confirmed a preference for the youngest
 tissue available and discounted the influence of leaf
 arrangement. The weevils preferred unfurling bud leaves by a 5-fold
 margin over open immature leaves. Olfactometer studies showed a
 2.4-fold greater attraction to young leaves than to mature leaves.
 Further, adult feeding exhibited under-
 dispersed patterns on young leaves but random distributions on old
 leaves. In contrast, a generalist, the yellow woollybear, Spilosoma
 virginica (F.), preferred mature waterhyacinth
 leaves and 14-d-old larvae weighed 85% less when provided
 young leaves instead of mature leaves. The youngest leaves
 were higher in N, P, K, and Mg, but low in Ca and Mn compared with
 older leaves. Total phenolics (compounds reduced by Folin reagent)
 were also highest in young tissue, but analyses of leaf extracts by
 thin-layer chromatography and high-
 performance liquid chromatography showed lowest concentrations of
 phenolic compounds in the youngest leaves. These data
 suggest that natural plant products, not necessarily
 phenolics, attract the weevils to young tissue and stimulate them
 to feed, especially at sites of previous injury. These constituents
 also might deter generalists like S. virginica, forcing them to
 consume only mature foliage.
 
 
 17                                 NAL Call. No.: QH76.5.H3C6 
 Alien plant management by biological control.
 Markin, G.P.
 Honolulu, Hawai'i : University of Hawaii Cooperative National Park
 Resources Studies Unit; 1989.
 Conservation biology in Hawai'i / edited by Charles P. Stone and
 Danielle B. Stone, with assistance from Linda W. Cuddihy and Martha
 E. Lane ; illustrations by Joan M. Yoshioka. p.
 70-73; 1989.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Plants; Exotics; Flora; Introduced
 species; Biological control; Weed control
 
 
 18                                   NAL Call. No.: 450 P5622
 Allelopathic effect of hydroxamic acids from cereals on Avena
 sativa and A. fatua.
 Perez, F.J.
 Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1990.
 Phytochemistry v. 29 (3): p. 773-776; 1990.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Triticum durum; Avena sativa; Avena fatua; Crop plants
 as weeds; Weed control; Allelopathy; Biological
 control; Hydroxamic acids; Seed germination; Growth rate
 
 
 19                                  NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
 Allelopathic inhibition of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. and
 other plant species by Euphorbia prostrata L.
 Alsaadawi, I.S.; Sakeri, F.A.K.; Al-Dulaimy, S.M.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1990 Sep.
 Journal of chemical ecology v. 16 (9): p. 2747-2754; 1990 Sep. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Euphorbia prostrata; Allelopathy; Cynodon
 dactylon; Soil analysis; Bioassays; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  Field observations indicated that Euphorbia
 prostrata strongly interferes with Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
 Analysis of some physical and chemical soil factors indicated that
 competition was not the dominant factor of that
 interference. Soil collected from under E. prostrata stands was
 very inhibitory to seed germination and seeding growth of some of
 the test species including C. dactylon. This suggests the presence
 of inhibitory compounds in soil of E. prostrata stands. Subsequent
 experiments showed that aqueous extract, decaying residues, and
 root exudates of E. prostrata were
 inhibitory to most of the test species including C. dactylon. Thus,
 it appears that allelopathy is the major component of the
 interference, with competition probably accentuating its effect. It
 also was found that allelopathy is an important
 component of the interference by E. prostrata against
 Amaranthus retro-flexus, Medicago sativa, and Gossypium
 hirsutum.
 
 
 20                                   NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Allelopathy in barley: potential for biological suppression of
 weeds. Liu, D.L.; Lovett, J.V.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 85-92. ill; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand. Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hordeum vulgare; Allelopathy; Seed germination;
 Radicles; Sinapis alba; Allelochemicals; Gramine; Hordenine;
 Phytotoxicity; Biological control; Weed control
 
 
 21                                    NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41 
 An alternative approach for evaluating the efficacy of
 potential biocontrol agents of weeds. 1. Inverse linear model.
 Pantone, D.J.; Williams, W.A.; Maggenti, A.R.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1989 Nov. Weed
 science v. 37 (6): p. 771-777; 1989 Nov.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Triticum aestivum; Crop weed
 competition; Biological control; Amsinckia intermedia; Weed
 control; Biological control organisms; Anguina; Evaluation; Linear
 models; Mathematical models; Screening tests; Plant
 density; Plant parasitic nematodes
 
 Abstract:  Methods for evaluating the efficacy of potential
 classical biocontrol agents were outlined for a model
 biocontrol agent-weed-crop system. A proposed biocontrol agent (the
 fiddleneck flower gall nematode), its weed host (coast fiddleneck),
 and wheat were used as representative organisms. An additive
 experimental design (inverse linear model) was
 used. Regression of the reciprocal of the overage plant
 biomass of each species onto the density of itself and the
 other plant species yielded competitive indices that measure the
 competitive ability of the plants. The results of 2 yr of field
 experiments revealed a dramatic change in the
 competitive interaction between fiddleneck and wheat due to the
 nematode. During the 1986-87 season in the absence of the nematode,
 fiddleneck intraspecific competition was 33 times stronger than
 interspecific competition with wheat. In the
 presence of the nematode, intra- and interspecific competition of
 fiddleneck were nearly equal. Only the coefficients that measure
 interspecific competition changed significantly in the presence of
 the nematode while the coefficients for
 intraspecific competition did not.
 
 
 22                                    NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41 
 An alternative approach for evaluating the efficacy of
 potential biocontrol agents of weeds. 2. Path analysis.
 Pantone, D.J.; Williams, W.A.; Maggenti, A.R.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1989 Nov. Weed
 science v. 37 (6): p. 778-783; 1989 Nov.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Crop weed competition;
 Amsinckia intermedia; Biological control; Weed control;
 Biological control organisms; Anguina; Evaluation; Path
 coefficients; Yield components; Fecundity; Plant parasitic
 nematodes; Plant density
 
 Abstract:  Path analysis was used to assess the efficacy of the
 fiddleneck flower gall nematode as a weed biocontrol agent of coast
 fiddleneck in competition with wheat during 2 yr of field
 experiments. The path analysis revealed that the number of
 inflorescences/plant for fiddleneck and the number of
 heads/plant for wheat were the most important yield components that
 determine fecundity and seed yield. The density of
 fiddleneck had a much greater impact on the yield components of
 fiddleneck than did the density of wheat or the nematode rate of
 inoculation. The nematode had its greatest negative impact on the
 number of seeds/flower of fiddleneck and its
 greatest positive impact on the number of heads/plant of
 wheat. Path analysis predicts that a biocontrol agent that has a
 large negative direct effect on the number of
 inflorescences/plant for fiddleneck would be more efficacious in
 decreasing fecundity and seed yield than an agent that only impacts
 the number of flowers/ inflorescence, seeds/flower, or
 biomass/seed.
 
 
 23                                  NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
 Altica cyanea (Col: Chrysomelidae) for the biological control of
 Ludwigia prostrata (Onagraceae) in China.
 Xiao-Shui, W.
 London : Taylor & Francis; 1990 Oct.
 Tropical pest management v. 36 (4): p. 368-370; 1990 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: China; Oryza sativa; Ludwigia prostrata; Aquatic
 weeds; Weed control; Biological control; Altica; Biological control
 agents; Host specificity
 
 
 24                                  NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
 Altitudinal distribution of the Lantana lace bug Teleonemia
 scrupulosa Stal. in the Anaimalai hill (Western Ghats), India.
 Manian, S.; Udaiyan, K.
 London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Jan.
 Tropical pest management v. 38 (1): p. 93-95; 1992 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tamil nadu; Lantana camara; Altitude; Biological
 control; Hill land; Teleonemia scrupulosa; Weed control
 
 
 25                                     NAL Call. No.: 420 W27
 Analysis of known and new host records for Trupanea from
 California (Diptera: Tephritidae).
 Goeden, R.D.
 Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
 Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington v. 94 (1):
 p. 107-118; 1992 Jan.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Tephritidae; Biological control
 agents; Host plants; Host specificity; Weed control;
 Compositae
 
 
 26                                  NAL Call. No.: 442.8 AN72
 Analytical pyrolysis-pattern recognition for the
 characterisation of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.)
 biotypes.
 Evans, J.O.; Torell, J.M.; Valcarce, R.V.; Smith, G.G.
 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1991 Aug.
 Annals of applied biology v. 119 (1): p. 47-58; 1991 Aug. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Hungary; Euphorbia esula; Euphorbia
 cyparissias; Biotypes; Chemical analysis; Pyrolysis gas
 chromatography; Cluster analysis; Characterization; Biological
 control agents; Weed control; Prediction
 
 
 27                                 NAL Call. No.: aSB611.5.A5
 Annual report..  Annual report (Biological Control of Weeds
 Laboratory--Europe)
 Biological Control of Weeds Laboratory--Europe
 Rome, Italy : The Laboratory,; 19??-9999.
 v. : ill. ; 30 cm.  Description based on 1981; title from
 cover.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weeds; Biological control; Periodicals
 
 
 28                                  NAL Call. No.: SB615.P8N4
 Annual report.
 New South Wales. Prickly-Pear Destruction Commission
 Tamworth, N.S.W.? : The Commission,; 19??-19??.
 v. ; 25 cm.  Description based on: 1986-87; title from cover.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Prickly Pear; Biological control; Australia;
 Periodicals
 
 
 29                                     NAL Call. No.: 8 P832J
 Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Puerto Rico: a
 new host-plant and two new bird predators.
 Gregory, B.M. Jr; McKenzie, P.M.; Noble, R.E.
 Rio Piedras, R.R. : University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural
 Experiment Station; 1991 Jul.
 The Journal of agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico v. 75
 (3): p. 295-296; 1991 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Puerto Rico; Anticarsia gemmatalis; Birds;
 Biological control agents; Insect pests; Legumes; Tephrosia; Weed
 hosts
 
 
 30                                    NAL Call. No.: 500 T25A
 Aquatic and certain wetland vascular vegetation of Reelfoot Lake,
 1920s-1980s. III. Submersed marcrophytes.
 Henson, J.W.
 Hixson, Tenn. : The Academy; 1990 Oct.
 Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science v. 65 (4): p.
 107-111. maps; 1990 Oct.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tennessee; Aquatic plants; Aquatic weeds;
 Biological control; Carp; Lakes; Plant communities; Weed
 control; Wetlands
 
 
 31                                     NAL Call. No.: 500 F66
 Aquatic plant and related indices.
 Flynn, M.C.; Martin, D.F.; Morris, C.D.
 Orlando, Fla. : Florida Academy of Sciences; 1991.
 Florida scientist v. 54 (2): p. 111-116; 1991.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Florida; Aquatic weeds; Eichhornia crassipes;
 Hydrilla verticillata; Herbicides; Biological control; Fishes; Weed
 control
 
 
 32                                   NAL Call. No.: SH151.S62
 Aquatic weed management: control methods.
 Shelton, J.L.; Murphy, T.R.
 Ada, Okla. : Southern Regional Aquaculture Center; 1989 Apr. SRAC
 publication (360): 2 p. ill; 1989 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Aquatic weeds; Feeds; Fertilizers; Fish ponds;
 Interactions; Integrated control; Weed control
 
 
 33                                   NAL Call. No.: SH151.S62
 Aquatic weed management: herbicides.
 Murphy, T.R.; Shelton, J.L.
 Ada, Okla. : Southern Regional Aquaculture Center; 1989 Apr. SRAC
 publication (361): 4 p.; 1989 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Aquatic weeds; Biological control; Fish ponds;
 Herbicides; Mechanical methods; Prevention; Weed control
 
 
 34                                   NAL Call. No.: SB614.A73
 Aquatic weed problems and management in Africa.
 Mitchell, D.S.; Pieterse, A.H.; Murphy, K.J.
 New York : Oxford University Press; 1990.
 Aquatic weeds : the ecology and management of nuisance aquatic
 vegetation / edited by Arnold H. Pieterse and Kevin J. Murphy. p.
 341-354. ill; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Africa; Aquatic weeds; Biological control;
 Chemical control; Herbicides; Manual weed control; Mechanical
 methods; Pest management; Problem analysis; Resource
 utilization; Aquatic environment; Freshwater ecology
 
 
 35                                   NAL Call. No.: SB614.A73
 Aquatic weed problems and management in Australasia.
 Mitchell, D.S.; Bowmer, K.H.
 New York : Oxford University Press; 1990.
 Aquatic weeds : the ecology and management of nuisance aquatic
 vegetation / edited by Arnold H. Pieterse and Kevin J. Murphy. p.
 355-370. ill; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; New Zealand; Papua new guinea; Aquatic
 weeds; Biological control; Chemical control; Herbicides;
 Manual weed control; Mechanical methods; Pest management;
 Prevention; Problem analysis; Reviews; Aquatic environment;
 Freshwater ecology; Plant ecology
 
 
 36                                    NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C
 Ascochyta cypericola sp.nov. causing leaf blight of purple
 nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus).
 Upadhyay, R.K.; Kenfield, D.; Strobel, G.A.; Hess, W.M.
 Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Apr.
 Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69
 (4): p. 797-802; 1991 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: India; Cyperus rotundus; Ascochyta; Plant
 pathogenic fungi; Blight; Taxonomy; New species; Geographical
 distribution; Mycoherbicides; Weed control; Biological
 control; Fungal morphology; Cell ultrastructure
 
 
 37                                   NAL Call. No.: SB218.J67
 Assessment of herbicide benefits in sugarbeets (Beta
 vulgaris). Miller, S.D.; Fornstrom, K.J.
 Fort Collins, Colo. : American Society of Sugar Beet
 Technologists, Office of the Secretary; 1988.
 Journal of sugar beet research v. 25 (1): p. 70-77; 1988. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Wyoming; Beta vulgaris; Weed control; Integrated
 control; Chemical control; Cycloate; Ethofumesate; Diethatyl;
 Herbicide mixtures; Preplanting treatment; Desmedipham;
 Phenmedipham; Eptc; Trifluralin; Application date; Timing;
 Hoeing; Manual weed control; Labor costs; Production costs; Cost
 benefit analysis; Weeds; Plant density; Crop yield
 
 
 38                                 NAL Call. No.: QC180.A1M52
 Association of bacteria with velvetleaf roots.
 Begonia, M.F.T.; Kremer, R.J.; Stanley, L.; Jamshedi, A.
 Kirksville, Mo. : The Academy; 1990.
 Transactions of the Missouri Academy of Science v. 24: p.
 17-26. ill; 1990. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Abutilon theophrasti; Seedlings; Roots; Root
 hairs; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas putida; Pseudomonas
 fluorescens; Erwinia herbicola; Alcaligenes faecalis; Weed
 control; Biological control agents; Colonizing ability;
 Growth; Plant morphology; Rhizoplane; Tissue culture
 
 
 39                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Augmentation of an endemic entomogenous nematode by
 agroecosystem manipulation for the control of a soil pest.
 Brust, G.E.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Aug.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 36 (3/4): p.
 175-184; 1991 Aug. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Heterorhabditis heliothidis;
 Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi; Galleria mellonella; Zea mays;
 Tillage; Weed control; Soil water; Sandy loam soils;
 Biological control agents; Field experimentation; Coastal
 plains
 
 
 40                                    NAL Call. No.: 100 T31M
 Baccharis (Asteraceae), a review of its taxonomy,
 phytochemistry, ecology, economic status, natural enemies and the
 potential for its biological control in the United States. Boldt,
 P.E.
 College Station, Tex. : The Station; 1989 Oct.
 Miscellaneous publication MP - Texas Agricultural Experiment
 Station (1674): 32 p.; 1989 Oct.  Literature review.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Baccharis; Taxonomy; Geographical
 distribution; Ecology; Weeds; Economics; Natural enemies;
 Biological control; Mechanical weed control; Chemical control
 
 
 41                                     NAL Call. No.: 500 K41 Bark
 girdling by herbivores as a potential biological control of black
 locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) in power-line
 corridors.
 Luken, J.O.; Beiting, S.W.; Kareth, S.K.; Kumler, R.L.; Liu, J.H.;
 Seither, C.A.
 Louisville, Ky. : The Academy; 1992 Mar.
 Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science v. 53 (1/2): p.
 26-28; 1992 Mar.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ohio; Robinia pseudoacacia; Biological control;
 Girdling; Herbicides; Herbivores; Power lines; Sylvilagus
 floridanus
 
 
 42                                NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62
 Bermudagrass lawn Calendar.
 Bruneau, A.H.; Lucas, L.T.; Lewis, W.M.; Brandenburg, R.L.; Sneed,
 R.E.; DiPaola, J.M.; Peacock, C.H.
 Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1990 Apr.
 AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North
 Carolina State University (431): 4 p.; 1990 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cynodon dactylon; Seasonal variation; Mowing;
 Irrigation; Fertilization; Weed control; Insect control;
 Integrated pest management
 
 
 43                                NAL Call. No.: RA1270.P35A1
 Bioaccumulation of mercury and its effect on protein
 metabolism of the water hyacinth weevil Neochetina eichhornae
 (Warner).
 Hussain, M.S.; Jamil, K.
 New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1990 Aug.
 Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 45 (2):
 p. 294-298; 1990 Aug.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Eichhornia crassipes; Neochetina eichhorniae;
 Mercury; Protein metabolism; Biological control; Enzyme
 activity
 
 
 44                                 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
 Biocontrol and biotechnology.
 Crawley, M.J.
 Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1989.
 Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 3: p. 969-978; 1989. 
 Paper presented at Brighton Crop Protection Conference--Weeds,
 November 20-23, 1989, Brighton, England.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Biological control; Genetic
 engineering
 
 
 45                                    NAL Call. No.: QL750.O3
 Biocontrol of a perennial legume, Sesbania punicea, using a
 florivorous weevil, Trichapion lativentre: weed population
 dynamics with a scarcity of seeds.
 Hoffmann, J.H.; Moran, V.C.
 Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer International; 1991.
 Oecologia v. 88 (4): p. 574-576; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Sesbania punicea; Apionidae; Weed
 control; Population dynamics; Seeds; Biological control agents
 
 
 46                                 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
 Biocontrol of bracken, Pteridium aquilinum, in the U.K.:
 prospects and progress.
 Fowler, S.V.; Lawton, J.H.; Speed, C.
 Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1989.
 Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 3: p. 997-1004; 1989. 
 Paper presented at Brighton Crop Protection Conference--Weeds,
 November 20-23, 1989, Brighton, England.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Uk; Pteridium aquilinum; Weed control; Biological
 control agents; Noctuidae
 
 
 47                                    NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
 Biocontrol of Hydrilla verticillata with the endemic fungus
 Macrophomina phaseolina.
 Joye, G.F.
 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1990
 Dec. Plant disease v. 74 (12): p. 1035-1036; 1990 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Texas; Hydrilla verticillata; Macrophomina
 phaseolina; Weed control; Biological control agents; Plant
 pathogenic fungi
 
 
 48                                    NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8
 Biocontrol of Parthenium hysterophorus L.
 Joshi, S.
 Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1991 Dec.
 Crop protection v. 10 (6): p. 429-431; 1991 Dec.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Parthenium hysterophorus; Weed control;
 Biological control; Cassia; Plant competition; Weed biology; Life
 cycle
 
 
 49                                 NAL Call. No.: SB611.5.B54
 Biocontrol of Yugoslavian and North American weeds with
 insects pathogens and other biotic agents final research
 report.
 Vasilgevic, Ljubisa
 Institut za Zasti tu bilja (Belgrade, Serbia)
 Beograd : Plant Protection Institute,; 1990.
 29 leaves ; 29 cm.  Cover title.  Grant number: FG-YU 235, YO-
 AES-94, JB 101, PP-511.  Reporting period from March 1, 1985 to
 February 28, 1990.  Includes bibliographical references
 (leaf 3).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weeds
 
 
 50                                   NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
 Bioherbicides: a research progress report.
 Savage, S.D.
 Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1990.
 Proceedings - California Weed Conference (42): p. 288-292;
 1990.  Meeting held January 15-17, 1990, San Jose, California.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Biological control; Mycoherbicides;
 Product development
 
 
 51                                     NAL Call. No.: 475 M58
 Biological control activities in the Mariana Islands from 1911 to
 1988. Nafus D.
 Mangilao : The University; 1989 Aug.
 Micronesica : journal of the University of Guam v. 22 (1): p.
 65-106; 1989 Aug.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Guam; Mariana Islands; Insect pests; Weeds;
 Biological control; Parasites of insect pests; Predators of insect
 pests
 
 
 52                              NAL Call. No.: SB975.D42 1991
 Biological control by natural enemies., 2nd ed..
 DeBach, Paul; Rosen, David,
 Cambridge, [England] ; New York : Cambridge University Press,;
 1991. xiv, 440 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.  Includes bibliographical
 references (p.[386]-407) and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Insect pests; Weeds; Agricultural pests
 
 
 53                                     NAL Call. No.: 475 M58
 Biological control: mutual advantages of interaction between
 Australia and the Oceanic Pacific.
 Waterhouse, D.F.
 Mangilao : The University; 1991 Jun.
 Micronesica : journal of the University of Guam (suppl.3): p.
 83-92; 1991 Jun.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Oceania; Insect pests; Weeds;
 Biological control; Biological control agents
 
 
 54                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of Acacia longifolia and related weed
 species (Fabaceae) in South Africa.
 Dennill, G.B.; Donnelly, D.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 115-135; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Acacia longifolia; Albizia
 lophantha; Pteromalidae; Curculionidae; Weed control;
 Biological control agents; Taxonomy; History; Plant
 introduction
 
 
 55                                   NAL Call. No.: SB614.A73
 Biological control of aquatic weeds.
 Pieterse, A.H.
 New York : Oxford University Press; 1990.
 Aquatic weeds : the ecology and management of nuisance aquatic
 vegetation / edited by Arnold H. Pieterse and Kevin J. Murphy. p.
 174-221. ill; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Aquatic weeds; Biological control; Arthropods; Fishes;
 Fungi; Natural enemies; Predators; Weed control
 
 
 56                                     NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45
 Biological control of aquatic weeds with plant pathogens.
 Joye, G.F.
 Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1990.
 ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (439): p.
 155-174. ill., maps; 1990.  In the series analytic: Microbes and
 Microbial Products as Herbicides / edited by R.E.
 Hoagland.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Aquatic weeds; Weed control; Biological control; Plant
 pathogens; Eichhornia crassipes; Hydrilla verticillata;
 Myriophyllum spicatum; Pistia stratiotes; Lemna;
 Mycoherbicides
 
 Abstract:  The use of plant pathogens as biocontrol agents of
 aquatic plants has only just begun to be considered as a major area
 of research in the United States. Prior to the 1970's
 virtually no work was being conducted in this specialized
 area. Since that time the US Army Engineers (USAE) has been given
 the added responsibility of maintaining weed-free
 waterways by non-chemical alternatives. The Biomanagement Team at
 the USAE Waterways Experiment Station and the University of Florida
 have established programs to study biological control of aquatic
 weeds using plant pathogens. Hundreds of
 microorganisms have been evaluated for their potential as
 biological control agents of waterhyacinth, alligatorweed,
 eurasian watermilfoil, hydrilla, algae, and numerous other
 aquatic weeds. As a result, several fungal and viral diseases of
 these troublesome aquatic plants have been identified.
 Information will be presented on current efforts in the
 development of these plant pathogens for aquatic weed
 management.
 
 
 57                                   NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Biological control of broom in New Zealand.
 Harman, H.M.; Syrett, P.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 28; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New Zealand; Cytisus scoparius; Weed control;
 Biological control; Leucoptera; Bruchidius
 
 
 58                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of cactus weeds of minor importance in
 South Africa. Moran, V.C.; Zimmermann, H.G.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p. 37-55; 1991
 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of weeds in South
 Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Cactaceae; Cereus; Opuntia
 dillenii; Opuntia lindheimeri; Opuntia stricta; Opuntia
 vulgaris; Eriocereus martinii; Pereskia aculeata; Weed
 control; Biological control agents; Taxonomy; Insects
 
 
 59                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of crofton weed, Ageratina adenophora
 (Asteraceae), in South Africa.
 Kluge, R.L.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 187-191; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Ageratina; Tephritidae;
 Phaeoramularia; Weed control; Biological control agents;
 Introduction; Geographical distribution
 
 
 60                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 W52J
 Biological control of doublegee.
 Panetta, D.
 South Perth : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia; 1990.
 Journal of agriculture, Western Australia v. 31 (3): p. 95-98. ill;
 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Western australia; Emex australis; Biological
 control; Coleoptera; Lixus; Phomopsis; Uromyces; Weed control
 
 
 61                                    NAL Call. No.: 79.9 W52 
 The biological control of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.)
 using soil bacteria.
 Kennedy, A.C.; Young, F.L.; Elliott, L.F.
 Reno, Nev. : The Society; 1989.
 Proceedings - Western Society of Weed Science v. 42: p. 86; 1989. 
 Meeting held on March 13-16, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii.  Includes
 abstract.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Bromus tectorum; Weed control; Biological
 control; Soil bacteria
 
 
 62                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of fennel-leaved pondweed, Potamogeton
 pectinatus (Potamogetonaceae), in South Africa.
 Schoonbee, H.J.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 231-237; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Potamogeton pectinatus; Carp;
 Aquatic weeds; Weed control; Biological control agents; Lakes;
 Introduction; Biomass
 
 
 63                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of Hakea sericea (Proteaceae) in South
 Africa. Kluge, R.L.; Neser, S.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 91-113; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Hakea; Curculionidae; Carposina; Weed
 control; Perennial weeds; Biological control agents;
 Seeds; Insects; Chemical control; Mountain areas; History;
 Taxonomy; Geographical distribution; Plant introduction;
 Spread
 
 
 64                              NAL Call. No.: SB951.S96 1972
 Biological control of insects and weeds.
 Biever, K.D.; Puttler, B.; Ignoffo, C.M.
 Columbia, Mo; 1973.
 Proceedings of a Symposium on Pests and Pesticides, April 8, 1972,
 Southeast Missouri State University. p. 3-19; 1973.
 (Missouri Academy of Science. Bulletin, v.1. (Supplement)). 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Plant pests; Weeds; Insect pests; Weed control; Insect
 control; Biological control; Biological control agents; Parasites
 of insect pests; Predators of insect pests;
 Integrated pest management
 
 
 65                              NAL Call. No.: 100 Or3S no.90
 Biological control of insects and weeds in Oregon.
 Ritcher, P. O.
 Corvallis : Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State
 University,; 1966. 39 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Technical bulletin
 (Oregon State University. Agricultural Experiment Station) ; 90.). 
 Cover title.  Bibliography: p. 36-39.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Insects; Weeds
 
 
 66                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of jointed cactus, Opuntia aurantiaca
 (Cactaceae), in South Africa.
 Moran, V.C.; Zimmermann, H.G.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p. 5-27; 1991
 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of weeds in South
 Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Literature review.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Opuntia aurantiaca; Dactylopius;
 Cactoblastis cactorum; Lepidoptera; Biological control agents; Pest
 management; Biology; Ecology; Literature reviews; Weed control;
 Spread
 
 
 67                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of Lantana camara (Verbenaceae) in South Africa.
 Cilliers, C.J.; Neser, S.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p. 57-75; 1991
 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of weeds in South
 Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Lantana camara; Coleoptera;
 Diptera; Hemiptera; Lepidoptera; Biological control agents;
 Insects; Weed control; Taxonomy; Geographical distribution;
 Chemical control; Spread
 
 
 68                                   NAL Call. No.: 1 AG84PRO
 Biological control of leafy spurge.
 Washington, D.C. : The Department; 1989 Sep.
 Program aid PA - U.S. Department of Agriculture (1435): 12 p. ill.,
 maps; 1989 Sep.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Western states of U.S.A.; Euphorbia esula;
 Biological control organisms; Biological control; Natural
 enemies; Weed control; Grazing lands
 
 
 69                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of mesquite, Prosopis spp. (Fabaceae), in South
 Africa. Zimmermann, H.G.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 175-186; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Prosopis; Bruchidae; Seeds;
 Biological control; Weed control; Taxonomy; Introduction;
 Spread
 
 
 70                                  NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
 Biological control of Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae) by
 Cassia uniflora Mill (Leguminosae), in Bangalore, India. Joshi, S.
 London : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Apr.
 Tropical pest management v. 37 (2): p. 182-184; 1991 Apr. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Karnataka; Parthenium hysterophorus; Weed
 control; Biological control; Cassia; Biological control
 agents; Competitive ability; Allelopathy; Seeds; Leachates;
 Germination inhibitors; Seed germination
 
 
 71                                     NAL Call. No.: 23 W52J
 Biological control of Paterson's curse.
 Dodd, J.; Woods, B.
 South Perth : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia; 1989.
 Journal of agriculture, Western Australia v. 30 (4): p. 127-131.
 ill; 1989. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Western australia; Echium plantagineum;
 Biological control; Lepidoptera; Larvae; Weed control
 
 
 72                                   NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Biological control of plants: A review of generalisations,
 rules and principles using insects as agents.
 Lawton, J.H.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 3-17; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand. Literature
 review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Biological control; Plant
 pathogens; Insects; Evolution; Taxonomy; Population dynamics;
 Climatic factors; Genetics
 
 
 73                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of prickly pear, Opuntia ficus-indica
 (Cactaceae), in South Africa.
 Zimmermann, H.G.; Moran, V.C.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p. 29-35; 1991
 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of weeds in South
 Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Opuntia ficus-indica; Dactylopius
 opuntiae; Cactoblastis cactorum; Biological control agents; Weed
 control; Integrated control; Geographical distribution
 
 
 74                              NAL Call. No.: S539.A32 no.12
 Biological control of Salvinia molesta in Sri Lanka an
 assessment of costs and benefits.
 Doeleman, Jacobus A.
 Canberra : Australian Centre for International Agricultural
 Research,; 1989. 14 p. ; 24 cm. (ACIAR technical reports ;
 12).  Includes bibliographical references (p. 14).
 
 Language:  English
 
 
 75                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of Sesbania punicea (Fabaceae) in South
 Africa. Hoffmann, J.H.; Moran, V.C.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 157-173; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Sesbania punicea; Apionidae;
 Curculionidae; Biological control; Weed control; Introduction;
 Spread; Wetlands; Coastal areas
 
 
 76                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of silverleaf nightshade, Solanum
 elaeagnifolium, and bugweed, Solanum mauritianum, (Solanaceae) in
 South Africa. Olckers, T.; Zimmermann, H.G.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 137-155; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Solanum elaeagnifolium; Solanum
 mauritianum; Weed control; Biological control; Taxonomy;
 History; Chemical control; Natural enemies; Plant
 introduction; Spread
 
 
 77                                     NAL Call. No.: 475 M58
 Biological control of some introduced pests in the Federated States
 of Micronesia.
 Esguerra, N.M.
 Mangilao : The University; 1991 Jun.
 Micronesica : journal of the University of Guam (suppl.3): p.
 99-101; 1991 Jun.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Micronesia; Insect pests; Weeds; Introduced
 species; Biological control; Biological control agents
 
 
 78                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of spear thistle, Cirsium vulgare
 (Asteraceae), in South Africa.
 Zimmermann, H.G.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 199-205; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Cirsium vulgare; Urophora;
 Rhinocyllus conicus; Biological control; Weed control;
 Introduction; Insects
 
 
 79                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of St. John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum
 (Clusiaceae), in South Africa.
 Gordon, A.J.; Kluge, R.L.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p. 77-90; 1991
 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of weeds in South
 Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Hypericum perforatum; Chrysolina;
 Diptera; Weed control; Biological control agents; Chemical
 control; Agrilus; Geometridae; Aphis; Geographical
 distribution; Plant introduction; Spread
 
 
 80                                    NAL Call. No.: 410 AU73
 Biological control of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari:
 Tetranychidae) in southern New South Wales peach orchards: the role
 of Amblyseius victoriensis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae).
 James, D.G.
 Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
 Organization; 1990.
 Australian journal of zoology v. 37 (6): p. 645-655; 1990. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New South Wales; Prunus persica; Orchards;
 Tetranychus urticae; Biological control; Amblyseius; Predators of
 insect pests; Mating disruption; Pheromones; Weed hosts
 
 
 81                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of triffid weed, Chromolaena odorata
 (Asteraceae), in South Africa.
 Kluge, R.L.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 193-197; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Eupatorium odoratum; Pareuchaetes;
 Taxonomy; Biological control; Geographical distribution;
 Coastal areas; Conservation areas; Weed control
 
 
 82                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of water fern, Salvinia molesta
 (Salviniaceae), in South Africa.
 Cilliers, C.J.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 219-224; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Salvinia molesta; Cyrtobagous
 salviniae; Aquatic weeds; Biological control; Geographical
 distribution; Introduction
 
 
 83                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes
 (Pontederiaceae), in South Africa.
 Cilliers, C.J.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 207-217; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Eichhornia crassipes; Neochetina
 eichhorniae; Biological control; Aquatic weeds; Natural
 enemies; Biological control agents
 
 
 84                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of water lettuce, Pistia stratiotes
 (Araceae), in South Africa.
 Cilliers, C.J.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p.
 225-229; 1991 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of
 weeds in South Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Pistia stratiotes; Curculionidae;
 Aquatic weeds; Weed control; Biological control agents;
 Introduction; Rivers
 
 
 85                                   NAL Call. No.: 470 SCI25
 Biological control of weeds.
 Strobel, G.A.
 New York, N.Y. : Scientific American, Inc; 1991 Jul.
 Scientific American v. 265 (1): p. 72-78. ill; 1991 Jul.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weeds; Weed control; Biological control agents;
 Insects; Microorganisms; Fungi; Herbicides; Phytotoxins;
 Reviews
 
 
 86                              NAL Call. No.: SB611.B45 1987
 Biological control of weeds a world catalogue of agents and their
 target weeds., 2nd ed..
 Julien, M. H.
 Wallingford, Oxon : CAB International,; 1987.
 x, 150 p. ; 30 cm.  Includes index.  Bibliography: p. 113-135.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weeds; Biological control
 
 
 87                              NAL Call. No.: SB950.3.A8P535
 Biological control of weeds and the dried fruits industry.
 Delfosse, E.S.
 Victoria : R.G. Richardson; 1990.
 Plant protection quarterly v. 5 (3): p. 91-97; 1990.  Paper
 presented at the workshop on 'Control of Emex, Tribulus, and
 Cenchrus, in vineyards,' August 13-14, 1990, Mildura,
 Victoria, Australia.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Dried fruit; Food industry; Problem
 analysis; Weeds; Emex; Tribulus; Cenchrus; Research projects; Weed
 control; Biological control
 
 
 88                                    NAL Call. No.: 100 ID14
 Biological control of weeds in Idaho: bioagent release
 records. Harmon, B.L.; McCaffrey, J.P.
 Moscow, Idaho : The Station; 1989 Sep.
 Bulletin - Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station (707): 8 p. ill;
 1989 Sep.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Idaho; Weeds; Biological control organisms;
 Insects; Weed control
 
 
 89                                    NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
 Biological control of weeds in South Africa: introduction.
 Hoffman, J.R.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Oct.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (1/3): p. 1-3; 1991
 Oct.  In the special issue: Biological control of weeds in South
 Africa / edited by J.R. Hoffmann.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Weed control; Biological control
 agents; History
 
 
 90                                   NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
 Biological control of yellow starthistle, Centaurea
 solstitialis L.: a progress report.
 Turner, C.E.
 Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1991.
 Proceedings - California Weed Conference (43rd): p. 78-82;
 1991.  Meeting held January 21-23, 1991, Santa Barbara,
 California.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Centaurea solstitialis; Weed control; Biological
 control
 
 
 91                                   NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Biological control options for some grass weeds in Australia.
 Wapshere, A.J.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 80-84; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand. Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Weed control; Biological control;
 Stipa; Avena; Eleusine indica; Holcus; Phragmites;
 Mycoherbicides
 
 
 92                                   NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Biological control programmes against nodding thistle (Carduus
 nutans L.) and Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.)) in New
 Zealand. Jessep, C.T.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 25; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New Zealand; Carduus nutans; Cirsium arvense;
 Weed control; Biological control; Rhinocyllus conicus;
 Trichosirocalus horridus
 
 
 93                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 P193
 Biological observations of glassy cutworm (Lepidoptera:
 Noctuidae) in western Oregon.
 Kamm, J.A.
 San Francisco, Calif. : Pacific Coast Entomological Society; 1990
 Jan. The Pan-Pacific entomologist v. 66 (1): p. 66-70; 1990 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Oregon; Grasses; Apamea; Feeding behavior;
 Flight; Insect control; Light traps; Natural enemies;
 Parasites of insect pests; Seasonal fluctuations; Weed
 control; Biological control organisms; Diptera; Lissonota
 
 
 94                                   NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F
 Biological weed control with mycoherbicides.
 Templeton, G.E.
 Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1990 May.
 Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment
 Station v. 39 (3): p. 5. ill; 1990 May.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Biological control organisms;
 Pathogens; Fungal diseases
 
 
 95                                    NAL Call. No.: 420 H312
 Biology and behavior of the South American moth, Cyanotricha
 necyria (Felder and Rogenhofer) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), a
 potential biocontrol agent in Hawaii of the forest weed,
 Passiflora mollissima (HBK) Bailey. Markin, G.P.; Nagata,
 R.F.; Taniguchi, G.
 Honolulu, Hawaii : The Society; 1989 Nov30.
 Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society v. 29: p.
 115-123. ill; 1989 Nov30.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Passiflora mollissima; Lepidoptera;
 Larvae; Weed control; Biological control; Forests; Life cycles
 
 
 96                                   NAL Call. No.: SB610.R47
 Biology and control of morningglories (Ipomoea spp.).
 Elmore, C.D.; Hurst, H.R.; Austin, D.F.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1990.
 Reviews of weed science v. 5: p. 83-114. ill; 1990. 
 Literature review. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ipomoea; Weed biology; Seed germination; Sexual
 reproduction; Asexual reproduction; Taxonomy; Keys;
 Competitive ability; Allelopathy; Weed control; Perennial
 weeds; Annual habit; Chemical control; Biological control;
 Literature reviews
 
 
 97                                  NAL Call. No.: 442.8 AN72 
 The biology and host specificity of the onion weed rust,
 Puccinia barbeyi, a potentially useful agent for biological control
 in Australia. Hasan, S.
 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1991 Feb.
 Annals of applied biology v. 118 (1): p. 19-25; 1991 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Asphodelus fistulosus; Liliaceae;
 Puccinia; Fungal spores; Spore germination; Host specificity;
 Biological control agents; Weed control; Mycoherbicides
 
 
 98                              NAL Call. No.: SB950.3.A8P535 
 The biology of Australian weeds. 20. Mimosa pigra L.
 Lonsdale, W.M.; Miller, I.L.; Forno, I.W.
 Victoria : R.G. Richardson; 1989.
 Plant protection quarterly v. 4 (3): p. 119-131. ill., maps; 1989. 
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Mimosa; Weed biology;
 Characterization; Identification; Geographical distribution;
 Habitats; Phenology; Growth rate; Reproductive efficiency;
 Seeds; Herbicides; Chemical control; Biological control;
 Biological control organisms; Lepidoptera; Coleoptera; Fungi;
 Natural enemies
 
 
 99                              NAL Call. No.: SB950.3.A8P535 
 The biology of Australian weeds. 22. Cassinia arcuata R. Br.
 Campbell, M.H.; McGowen, I.J.; Milne, B.R.; Vere, D.T.
 Victoria : R.G. Richardson; 1990.
 Plant protection quarterly v. 5 (4): p. 162-168; 1990. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Cassinia arcuata; Weed biology;
 Nomenclature; Descriptions; Sibling species; Geographical
 distribution; Habitats; Biological development; Seedlings;
 Growth rate; Seedling emergence; Plant composition; Phenology; Seed
 germination; Weed control; Chemical control; Manual weed control;
 Slashing; Grazing; Cultural weed control; Biological control;
 Natural enemies
 
 
 100                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 B87
 Biology of Bucculatrix parthenica Bradley sp. n. (Lepidoptera:
 Bucculatricidae) and its establishment in Australia as a
 biological control agent for Parthenium hysterophorus
 (Asteraceae).
 McClay, A.S.; McFadyen, R.E.; Bradley, J.D.
 London : Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International; 1990 Dec.
 Bulletin of entomological research v. 80 (4): p. 427-432. ill; 1990
 Dec. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Queensland; Parthenium hysterophorus; Weed
 control; Biological control; Bucculatrix; Biology;
 Geographical distribution; Host specificity; Life cycle;
 Phenology; Population density; Taxonomy
 
 
 101                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 C16 
 The biology of Canadian weeds. 96. Senecio jacobaea L.
 Bain, J.F.
 Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1991 Jan.
 Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de
 phytotechnie v. 71 (1): p. 127-140. ill., maps; 1991 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Canada; Senecio jacobaea; Weed biology;
 Pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Weed control; Herbicides; Biological
 control agents; Tyria jacobaeae; Hybrids; Plant morphology;
 Geographical distribution; Habitats; Life history;
 Reproduction; Plant pathogens
 
 
 102                                  NAL Call. No.: 420 EN823
 Biology of Longitarsus flavicornis (Stephens) (Coleoptera:
 Chrysomelidae) and its effectiveness in controlling ragwort
 (Senecio jacobaea L.) in Tasmania. Ireson, J.E.; Friend, D.A.;
 Holloway, R.J.; Paterson, S.C. Indooropilly : The Society;
 1991.
 Journal of the Australian Entomological Society v. 30 (pt.2): p.
 129-141; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tasmania; Senecio jacobaea; Longitarsus; Weed
 control; Life cycle; Oviposition; Biological control agents
 
 
 103                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Biology of Trichobaris bridwelli (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a
 possible agent for the biological control of Datura
 stramonium (Solanaceae). Cuda, J.P.; Burke, H.R.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Jun.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (3): p. 899-908; 1991 Jun. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Texas; Datura stramonium; Datura ferox;
 Curculionidae; Weed control; Biological control agents
 
 Abstract:  The weevil Trichobaris bridwelli Barber is a
 natural enemy of jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) in the
 southern United States. The temporal distribution of all life
 stages showed that T. bridwelli is bivoltine in central Texas and
 overwinters principally in the adult stage inside the seed capsules
 of jimsonweed. Females oviposited in the leaves,
 flowers, and capsules. Subsequent development occurred both in the
 stems and capsules of its host plant. All life stages of T.
 bridwelli were attacked by hymenopterous parasitoids;
 Anaphes sp. and Microctonus sp. are new host records. In the
 laboratory, adult females lived an average of 16.1 wk and
 deposited an average of 324 eggs. Development in the
 laboratory required 37.8 d: egg 5.9 d, larval stage 20.2 d,
 prepupal period about 3 d, and pupal stage 8.7 d. The
 intrinsic rate of increase (r(m)) of T. bridwelli was
 calculated from laboratory life table data to be 0.41 at 24 degrees
 C. T. bridwelli was evaluated for its potential
 effectiveness as a biological control agent of jimsonweed and
 possibly chinese thornapple, Datura ferox L. Although T.
 bridwelli did not complete development on a critical test
 plant (tobacco) under laboratory conditions, extensive host
 specificity testing should be conducted to determine the
 limits of its host range.
 
 
 104                                  NAL Call. No.: 421 EN835
 Biology of Tyta luctuosa [Lep.: Noctuidae] and its potential value
 as a biological control agent for the weed Convolvulus arvensis.
 Rosenthal, S.S.; Clement, S.L.; Hostettler, N.;
 Mimmocchi, T. Paris : Lavoisier Abonnements; 1988.
 Entomophaga v. 33 (2): p. 185-192; 1988.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Europe; Convolvulus arvensis; Biological control;
 Lepidoptera; Biology; Geographical distribution; Taxonomy;
 Weed control
 
 
 105                                    NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45
 Biotechnological approaches to control of weeds with
 pathogens. Sands, D.C.; Miller, R.V.; Ford, E.J.
 Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1990.
 ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (439): p.
 184-190; 1990.  In the series analytic: Microbes and Microbial
 Products as Herbicides / edited by R.E. Hoagland.  Literature
 review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Plant pathogens; Biological
 control; Biotechnology; Genetic engineering
 
 Abstract:  Plant pathogens have rarely been successfully used as
 biocontrol agents of weeds. One reason for this is that
 they are usually not lethal enough at low concentrations. In
 addition, they are usually not host specific. Our approach has been
 to mutate lethal broad host-range pathogens to obtain
 isolates that are still lethal to target hosts, but reduced in host
 range, survival capacity, or otherwise biologically
 contained. Two such types of biological containment are
 presented in a fungus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a lethal
 pathogen of 40 different weeds.
 
 
 106                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 N42
 Botrytis cinerea kills groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) infected by
 rust (Puccinia lagenophorae).
 Hallett, S.G.; Paul, N.D.; Ayres, P.G.
 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Jan.
 The New phytologist v. 114 (1): p. 105-109; 1990 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Senecio vulgaris; Infection; Puccinia;
 Inoculation; Botrytis cinerea; Mortality; Weed control;
 Biological control organisms
 
 
 107                                   NAL Call. No.: 470 SCI2 
 Bug detectives crack the tough cases.
 Beard, J.D.
 Washington, D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of
 Science; 1991 Dec13.
 Science v. 254 (5038): p. 1580-1581; 1991 Dec13.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Insect pests; Biological control agents
 
 
 108                                  NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense): a suitable case for
 mycoherbicides?. Popay, A.I.; Cheah, L.H.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 93-95; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand. Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New Zealand; Cirsium arvense; Weed control;
 Biological control; Mycoherbicides
 
 
 109                                    NAL Call. No.: 500 F66
 Cassytha filiformis and limits to growth and reproduction of
 Schinus terebinthifolius in southern Florida.
 Burch, J.N.
 Orlando, Fla. : Florida Academy of Sciences; 1992.
 Florida scientist v. 55 (1): p. 28-34; 1992.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Florida; Schinus terebinthifolius; Exotics;
 Invasion; Weed control; Biological control; Cassytha
 filiformis; Parasitic plants
 
 
 110                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 B87
 Changes in leaf hardness and moisture content of water
 hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, following feeding by
 Neochetina eichhorniae Warner (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).
 Wright, A.D.; Boland, N.P.; Kerr, J.D.
 London : Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International; 1989 Dec.
 Bulletin of entomological research v. 79 (4): p. 529-535; 1989 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Queensland; Eichhornia crassipes; Leaves;
 Hardness testing; Moisture content; Plant damage; Biological
 control; Neochetina eichhorniae; Feeding behavior; Weed
 control
 
 
 111                                  NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
 Changing perceptions of allelopathy and biological control. Lovett,
 J.V.
 Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
 journal v. 8 (2): p. 89-100; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alternative farming; Sustainability; Farming
 systems; Biological control; Allelopathy; Allelochemicals;
 Responses; Plant protection; Weed control; Biological control
 agents; Mycoherbicides; Cost benefit analysis; Control
 methods; Crop production; Reviews
 
 
 112                                 NAL Call. No.: 421 R322AE
 Characteristics of reproduction and adult diapause in
 Zygogramma suturalis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Stavropol'
 territory.
 Vinogradova, E.B.
 New York, N.Y. : Scripta Publishing; 1989 Sep.
 Entomological review v. 68 (5): p. 1-11; 1989 Sep.  Translated
 from: Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye, (3), 1988, p. 468-479. (421
 R322).  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.S.R.; Ambrosia; Coleoptera; Oviposition;
 Fecundity; Diapause; Weed control; Biological control
 
 
 113                                  NAL Call. No.: 448.3 AP5
 Characterization of rhizobacteria associated with weed
 seedlings. Kremmer, R.J.; Begonia, M.F.T.; Stanley, L.;
 Lanham, E.T. Washington, D.C. : American Society for
 Microbiology; 1990 Jun. Applied and environmental microbiology v.
 56 (6): p. 1649-1655; 1990 Jun. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Missouri; Soil bacteria; Rhizosphere; Weeds;
 Seedlings; Plant pathogens; Phytotoxicity; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  Rhizobacteria were isolated from seedlings of seven
 economically important weeds and characterized for potential
 phytopathogenicity, effects on seedling growth, and antibiosis to
 assess the possibility of developing deleterious
 rhizobacteria as biological control agents. The abundance and
 composition of rhizobacteria varied among the different weed
 species. For example, fluorescent pseudomonads represented
 from 11 to 42% of the total rhizobacterial populations from
 jimsonweed and lambsquarters, respectively. Other bacteria
 frequently isolated were nonfluorescent pseudomonads, Erwinia
 herbicola, Alcaligenes spp., and Flavobacterium spp. Only 18% of
 all isolates were potentially phytopathogenic, based on an
 Escherichia coli indicator bioassay. However, the proportion of
 isolates that inhibited growth in seedling assays ranged from 35 to
 65% depending on the weed host. Antibiosis was most prevalent among
 isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., the activity of which was
 due to siderophore production in over 75% of these isolates.
 Overall, rhizobacterial isolates
 exhibited a complex array of properties that were inconsistent with
 accepted definitions for plant growth-promoting and
 deleterious rhizobacteria. It is suggested that for
 development of effective biological control agents for weed
 control, deleterious rhizobacteria must be screened directly on
 host seedlings and must possess several properties
 including high colonizing ability, specific phytotoxin
 production, and resistance or tolerance to antibiotics
 produced by other rhizosphere microorganisms, and they must either
 synthesize or utilize other bacterial siderophores.
 
 
 114                                  NAL Call. No.: SD112.F67
 Chemicals in plant protection: Is there a natural
 alternative?. Lovett, J.V.
 Rotorua : The Institute; 1990.
 FRI bulletin - Forest Research Institute, New Zealand Forest
 Service (155): p. 57-65; 1990.  Paper presented at the
 "Conference on Alternatives to the Chemical Control of Weeds," held
 July 25-27, 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand. Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Plant protection; Pesticides; Allelochemicals;
 Allelopathy; Integrated pest management
 
 
 115                                   NAL Call. No.: 421 C674
 Chlamisus mimosae, n. sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae:
 Chlamisinae) from Brazil and imported into Australia and
 Thailand.
 Karren, J.B.
 Chicago, Ill. : Coleopterists Society; 1989 Dec.
 The Coleopterists' bulletin v. 43 (4): p. 355-358. ill; 1989 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Brazil; Australia; Thailand; Coleoptera;
 Morphology; New taxa; Biological control organisms; Leaves; Mimosa;
 Weed control
 
 
 116                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 C16
 Classical biocontrol of weeds: its definition, selection of
 effective agents, and administrative-political problems.
 Harris, P.
 Ottawa : Entomological Society of Canada; 1991 Jul.
 The Canadian entomologist v. 123 (4): p. 827-849; 1991 Jul. 
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weeds; Biological control; Biological control
 agents; Domestic animals; Insects; Natural enemies; Nature
 conservation; Parasites; Pathogens; Predators; Weed control;
 Literature reviews; Methodology; Problem solving; Theory
 
 
 117                                  NAL Call. No.: QH301.A76
 Classical biological control of weed with micro-organisms:
 past, present, prospects.
 Evans, H.C.; Ellison, C.A.
 Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;
 1990. Aspects of applied biology (24): p. 39-49; 1990.  In the
 series analytic: The exploitation of micro-organisms in
 applied biology.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ageratina riparia; Chondrilla juncea; Cynoglossum
 officinale; Mimosa pigra; Parthenium hysterophorus;
 Periplocaceae; Weed control; Biological control; Introduced
 species; Legislation; Microorganisms; Mycoherbicides; Plant
 pathogenic fungi; Problem analysis
 
 
 118                             NAL Call. No.: SB950.3.A8P535
 Climate modelling and the biological control of weeds: one
 view. Cruttwell McFadyen, R.E.
 Victoria : R.G. Richardson; 1991.
 Plant protection quarterly v. 6 (1): p. 14-15; 1991.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weeds; Population dynamics; Spatial distribution;
 Prediction; Weed control; Biological control; Climatic
 factors; Simulation models; Spread
 
 
 119                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Climate-related differences in the efficacy of the Australian gall
 wasp (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) released for the control of Acacia
 longifolia in South Africa.
 Dennill, G.B.; Gordon, A.J.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1990 Feb.
 Environmental entomology v. 19 (1): p. 130-136. maps; 1990
 Feb.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Australia; Acacia longifolia;
 Hymenoptera; Weed control; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  The gall wasp Trichilogaster acaciaelongifoliae
 Froggatt (Pteromalidae) was released at 136 sites throughout the
 distribution area of the weed Acacia longifolia (Andrews) Willdenow
 in the Cape Province and Natal, South Africa. Each site was
 monitored annually to determine whether the wasp
 would establish and to determine its effectiveness where it had
 established. T. acaciaelongifoliae did establish
 throughout the range of A. longifolia. In the cooler coastal
 regions of the southwestern Cape and southern Cape, the wasp
 established well and levels of infestation were consistently high.
 However, in the hotter inland valleys and west coast of the
 southwestern Cape Province, and in Natal, establishment was poor
 and infestation levels were consistently low. In
 Australia, A. longifolia occurs naturally along the coastal regions
 of southern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and eastern
 South Australia. However, the T. acaciaelongifoliae individuals
 released in South Africa originate only from the coastal regions of
 New South Wales and Victoria, and Tasmania. Climatically, these
 areas correspond most closely to the
 regions in which the wasp is most successful in South Africa. The
 method whereby the insects were released in South Africa, and the
 methods for evaluating the degree of establishment and subsequent
 infestation levels at each release site, are
 described.
 
 
 120                                  NAL Call. No.: 448.3 AP5
 Colonization of a submersed aquatic plant, eurasian water
 milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum), by fungi under controlled
 conditions. Smith, C.S.; Chand, T.; Harris, R.F.; Andrews,
 J.H.
 Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology; 1989
 Sep. Applied and environmental microbiology v. 55 (9): p.
 2326-2332. ill; 1989 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Myriophyllum spicatum; Aquatic weeds; Fungi;
 Biological control organisms; Colonizing ability
 
 Abstract:  A laboratory assay to assess colonization of a
 submersed aquatic plant, Eurasian water milfoil (Myriophyllum
 spicatum), by fungi was developed and used to evaluate the
 colonization potential of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,
 Acremonium curvulum, Cladosporium herbarum, Aureobasidium
 pullulans, a Paecilomyces sp., and an unidentified sterile, septate
 fungus. Stem segments of plants were first immersed in suspensions
 of fungal propagules for 24 h and then washed to remove all but th
 tightly attached component of the
 population. Inoculationd was followed by two growth cycles of 3
 days each. At the start of each cycle, washed plants were
 transferred to a mineral salts medium to provide an
 opportunity for the attached fungal populations to grow. After each
 growth period, plants were again washed, and fungal
 populations in the medium (nonattached), loosely attached and
 tightly attached to the plant, and within the plant
 (endophytic) were assayed by dilution plating. The fungi
 differed in the extent to which they attached to water milfoil and
 in their ability to grow in association with it. There
 were relatively few significant differences among the tightly
 attached fungal populations after 24 h, but growth of the
 better colonizers led to a greater number of significant
 differences after 4 and 7 days. In addition, the better
 colonizers showed sustained regrowth of loosely and
 nonattached fungal propagules in the face of intermittent
 removal by washing. A milfoil pathogen, C gloeosporioides, was the
 only endophytic colonizer; it was also among the best
 epiphytic colonizers but was not demonstrably better than A.
 curvulum, a fungus commonly found as an epiphyte on
 watermilfoil. The yeastlike hyphomycete Aureobasidium
 pullulans was the only fungus that consistently failed to
 establish an increasing population on the plant.
 
 
 121                                  NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
 Combining cultural practices and herbicides to control wild-proso
 millet (Panicum miliaceum).
 Harvey, R.G.; McNevin, G.R.
 Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1990 Apr.
 Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
 America v. 4 (2): p. 433-439; 1990 Apr.  Paper presented at the
 "Symposium on Wild-Proso Millet," February 9, 1989,
 Dallas, Texas.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Zea mays; Medicago sativa; Panicum miliaceum;
 Chemical vs. cultural weed control; Cultural weed control;
 Rotations; Direct sowing; Planting date; No-tillage; Row
 spacing; Chemical control; Alachlor; Atrazine; Cyanazine;
 Dichlormid; Eptc; Pendimethalin; Simazine; Crop yield;
 Integrated control
 
 
 122                                NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M58B
 Commercial and private pesticide applicator core manual--
 initial certification.
 Landis, J.N. (comp.); Rosenbaum, R.R.
 East Lansing, Mich. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
 Extension bulletin E - Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan
 State University v.): 93 p.; 1991 Jan.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Michigan; Pesticides; Application; Certification;
 Integrated pest management; Pests; Pest control; Weeds;
 Safety; Groundwater pollution; Pesticide residues; Toxicity;
 Storage; Disposal; Agricultural law
 
 
 123                                NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
 Commercial prospects for biological and biotechnological weed,
 plant disease and pest control.
 Landell-Mills, J.; Longman, D.; Murray, D.D.
 Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1989.
 Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 3: p. 1005-1012; 1989. 
 Paper presented at Brighton Crop Protection Conference--Weeds,
 November 20-23, 1989, Brighton, England.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Pest control; Biological control agents;
 Genetic engineering
 
 
 124                                    NAL Call. No.: QR1.F44
 Comparison of culture methods for production of Colletotrichum
 truncatum spores for use as a mycoherbicide.
 Silman, R.W.; Nelsen, T.C.; Bothast, R.J.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Mar15.
 FEMS microbiology letters - Federation of European
 Microbiological Societies v. 79 (1): p. 69-74; 1991 Mar15. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sesbania exaltata; Colletotrichum truncatum;
 Fungal spores; Mycoherbicides; Biological control agents; Cell
 culture
 
 Abstract:  Four culture systems were compared: (1) dialysis
 membranes (MF), (2) liquid shake flasks (LF), (3) solid
 particles with humidity control (SFC), and (4) solid particles
 without humidity control (SFE). A Plackett-Burman fractional
 factorial experimental design was employed with 10 total
 variables. Eight media components, plus two levels of
 inoculum, were tested in all systems. Other variables were
 light vs. dark for MF, agitation level for LF, vermiculite vs. rice
 hulls for SFC, and particle size for SFE. High yeast
 extract (1 g/l) produced more (P < 0.01) spores than low (0.3 g/l)
 for all culture systems. Carbohydrate (sucrose) at 20 g/l produced
 more spores than at 40 g/l for SFC. MgSO4.7H2O at 2 g/l was better
 than none for LF and SFC. For MF, LF, SFC, and SFE, respectively,
 the overall average numbers of spores per ml of medium were 0.53,
 0.72, 0.28, and 0.073 X 10(7), while the highest numbers of spores
 were 1.25, 2.75, 1.52, and 0.46 X 10(7). Thus, the method of
 production cannot be decided at this stage but must await further
 studies of recovery and
 storage.
 
 
 125                                   NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
 Comparison of the seasonal occurrence of Trichosirocalus
 horridus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Virginia
 between 1981-83 and 1979. Kok, L.T.; Mays, W.T.
 Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1989 Oct.
 Journal of entomological science v. 24 (4): p. 465-471; 1989 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Virginia; Carduus thoermeri; Carduus acanthoides;
 Coleoptera; Weed control; Biological control; Seasonality
 
 
 126                                  NAL Call. No.: 464.8 P56
 Complete abolition of high inoculum threshold of two
 mycoherbicides (Alternaria cassiae and A. crassa) when applied in
 invert emulsion. Amsellem, Z.; Sharon, A.; Gressel, J.;
 Quimby, P.C. Jr
 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1990
 Oct. Phytopathology v. 80 (10): p. 925-929. ill; 1990 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cassia obtusifolia; Datura stramonium; Weed
 control; Biological control; Alternaria crassa; Alternaria;
 Mycoherbicides; Inoculum density; Infection; Conidia;
 Emulsions
 
 Abstract:  Fungal spore infectivity on leaves is a function of
 environmental factors (duration of dew point humidity,
 temperature), the defense mechanisms of the host plant, and fungal
 pathogenicity. The inoculum threshold of thousands of spores per
 square centimeter of leaf surface or tens to
 hundreds of spores per droplet has been expected and accepted.
 Evidence is presented that the high threshold concept does not hold
 with Alternaria cassaie and A. crassa, as one spore per 2-
 microliter droplet was sufficient to infect plants of Cassia
 obtusifolia and Datura stramonium, respectively, when the
 droplet was an invert emulsion containing a 1-microliter
 mixture of oils and waxes on the outside and 1 microliter of water,
 sodium alginate, and conidia on the inside. The
 intensity of infection always was enhanced by the emulsion. Even a
 culture of A. cassiae that lost its infectivity, giving only a
 hypersensitive response when applied in water, became infective in
 the invert emulsion.
 
 
 127                              NAL Call. No.: aS21.A8U5/ARS 
 A containment facility for research on foreign noxious weeds.
 Creager, R.A.
 Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1987.
 Reprints - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
 Research Service [176]: p. 52-55. ill; 1987.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Weeds; Imported breeds; Biological
 control; Quarantine; Regulations; Research; Weed control
 
 
 128                                NAL Call. No.: QL482.G82E6 
 A contribution to Lasioderma spp. and other Coleoptera
 collected from thistles in southern Greece.
 Buchelos, C.T.
 Attiki : Hellenic Entomological Society; 1989.
 Entomologia Hellenica v. 7: p. 7-12; 1989.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Greece; Carlina; Cirsium; Carduus; Carthamus;
 Compositae; Lasioderma; Biological control agents; Insect
 traps
 
 
 129                                   NAL Call. No.: 100 T31M
 Control of aquatic macrophytes by grass carp in Lake Conroe, Texas,
 and the effects on the reservoir ecosystem.
 Klussmann, W.G.; Nobel, R.L.; Martyn, R.D.; Clark, W.J.;
 Betsill, R.K.; Bettoli, P.W.; Cichra, M.E.; Campbell, J.M.
 College Station, Tex. : The Station; 1988 Oct.
 Miscellaneous publication MP - Texas Agricultural Experiment
 Station (1664): 61 p. ill., maps; 1988 Oct.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Texas; Aquatic weeds; Biological control
 organisms; Carp; Limnology; Fish; Populations; Weed control
 
 
 130                                   NAL Call. No.: SB614.H9
 Control of aquatic plants in static and flowing water by
 yearling triploid grass carp.
 Pine, R.T.; Anderson, L.W.J.; Hung, S.S.O.
 Washington, D.C. : Aquatic Plant Management Society; 1990.
 Journal of aquatic plant management v. 28: p. 36-40; 1990. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Aquatic weeds; Potamogeton crispus; Elodea
 canadensis; Myriophyllum spicatum; Biological control agents; Carp;
 Weed control
 
 
 131                                    NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 
 The control of weeds through fungi: principles and prospects.
 Hasan, S.; Ayres, P.G.
 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Jun.
 The New phytologist v. 115 (2): p. 201-222. ill; 1990 Jun. 
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Biological control; Fungi; Plant
 pathogens; Biological control organisms; Plant diseases; Host
 parasite relationships; Host specificity; Physiopathology;
 Phytotoxicity; Phytotoxins; Enzymes; Integrated control;
 Literature reviews; Plant competition
 
 
 132                               NAL Call. No.: S544.3.A2C47
 Cotton pest management in the southern United States.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1981 Mar.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (194): 60 p.; 1981 Mar.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Southern states of U.S.A.; Gossypium; Pest
 management; Insect control; Disease control; Nematode control; Weed
 control
 
 
 133                                  NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
 Cotton weed control--a systems approach.
 Vargas, R.
 Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1990.
 Proceedings - California Weed Conference (42): p. 105-114;
 1990.  Meeting held January 15-17, 1990, San Jose, California. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Gossypium; Integrated control; Weed control
 
 
 134                                NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74 
 The creation of island habitats to enhance populations of
 beneficial insects. Thomas, M.B.
 Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1989.
 Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 3: p. 1097-1102; 1989. 
 Paper presented at Brighton Crop Protection Conference--Weeds,
 November 20-23, 1989, Brighton, England.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Predators of insect pests; Habitats; Fields;
 Boundaries; Biological control agents
 
 
 135                                   NAL Call. No.: S601.A34 
 A critical analysis of organic vegetable crop protection in the
 U.K. Peacock, L.; Norton, G.A.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1990 Jul.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 31 (3): p. 187-197; 1990
 Jul. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Vegetables; Plant protection; Weed control;
 Stellaria media; Elymus repens; Pest control; Cirsium;
 Biological control; Bacillus thuringiensis
 
 
 136                                NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
 Current advances in bioherbicide research.
 Watson, A.K.
 Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1989.
 Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 3: p. 987-996; 1989. 
 Paper presented at Brighton Crop Protection Conference--Weeds,
 November 20-23, 1989, Brighton, England.  Literature review. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Biological control agents; Plant
 pathogens; Literature reviews
 
 
 137                           NAL Call. No.: SB608.R5C65 1990
 Current weed control strategies in Louisiana rice.
 Crawford, S.H.; Baker, J.B.; Sanders, D.E.
 New York Published for the Society of Chemical Industry by
 Elsevier Applied Science; 1990.
 Pest management in rice / edited by B.T. Grayson, M.B. Green, and
 L.G. Copping. p. 328-337; 1990.  Paper presented at the "Conference
 on Pest Management in Rice," June 4-7, 1990,
 London.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Louisiana; Oryza sativa; Weed control; Weeds;
 Yield losses; Biological control; Cultural control;
 Herbicides; Rotations
 
 
 138                                  NAL Call. No.: 450 P5622
 Cyperine, a phytotoxin produced by Ascochyta cypericola, a
 fungal pathogen of Cyperus rotundus.
 Stierle, A.; Upadhyay, R.; Strobel, G.
 Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1991.
 Phytochemistry v. 30 (7): p. 2191-2192; 1991.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cyperus rotundus; Ascochyta; Plant pathogenic
 fungi; Metabolites; Phytotoxins; Chemical analysis; Weed
 control; Biological control; Culture filtrates
 
 Abstract:  An investigation of the phytotoxic metabolites of
 Ascochyta cypericola, a pathogen of the noxious weed purple
 nutsedge, has yielded cyperine, an extremely active, novel
 biphenyl ether.
 
 
 139                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 C16
 Cystiphora sonchi (bremi) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a new
 biological control agent established on the weed perennial
 sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) (Compositae) in Canada.
 Peschken, D.P.; McClay, A.S.; Derby, J.L.; DeClerck, R.
 Ottawa : Entomological Society of Canada; 1989 Sep.
 The Canadian entomologist v. 121 (9): p. 781-791; 1989 Sep. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Canada; Sonchus arvensis; Biological control;
 Diptera; Mortality; Cattle; Floods; Laboratory rearing; Weed
 control
 
 
 140                                   NAL Call. No.: 420 EN82
 Dasineura sp. near capsulae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a
 candidate for biological control of Euphorbia esula complex in
 North America. Pecora, P.; Cristofaro, M.; Stazi, M.
 Lanham, Md. : The Society; 1989 Nov.
 Annals of the Entomological Society of America v. 82 (6): p.
 693-700; 1989 Nov.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Italy; Euphorbia esula; Dasineura; Weed control;
 Biological control; Life history
 
 
 141                                NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
 Designing integrated low-input farming systems to achieve
 effective weed control.
 Edwards, C.A.; Regnier, E.E.
 Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1989.
 Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 585-590; 1989. 
 Paper presented at the Brighton Crop Protection
 Conference--Weeds, November 20-23, 1989, at Brighton, England. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Weed control; Cultural weed control; Integrated
 control
 
 
 142                                    NAL Call. No.: 410 M58
 Developmental biology of Dictyna spp. (Araneae: Dictynidae) in the
 laboratory and field.
 Wheeler, G.S.; McCaffrey, J.P.; Johnson, J.B.
 Notre Dame, Ind. : University of Notre Dame; 1990 Jan.
 American midland naturalist v. 123 (1): p. 124-134; 1990 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Idaho; Araneae; Biology; Field tests; Laboratory
 tests; Life cycles; Predation; Biological control organisms;
 Diptera; Centaurea maculosa; Weed control
 
 
 143                                  NAL Call. No.: SF380.I52 
 Diets and weight responses of Spanish goats used to control Gambel
 oak. Riggs, R.A.; Urness, P.J.; Hall, T.A.
 New York : Elsevier; 1988 Sep.
 Small ruminant research v. 1 (3): p. 259-271. ill; 1988 Sep. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Utah; Goats; Meat type; Feeding habits; Quercus
 gambelii; Biological control; Feed intake; Liveweight;
 Defoliation
 
 
 144                                  NAL Call. No.: 450 P5622
 Dihydroparthenolide and other sesquiterpene lactones stimulate
 witchweed germination.
 Fischer, N.H.; Weidenhamer, J.D.; Bradow, J.M.
 Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1989.
 Phytochemistry v. 28 (9): p. 2315-2317; 1989.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Gramineae; Striga asiatica; Seed germination;
 Parasitic plants; Dormancy breakers; Terpenoids; Lactones;
 Plant extracts; Biological control
 
 
 145                                 NAL Call. No.: 464.8 P692
 Diseases of Myrica faya (firetree, Myricaceae) in the Azores,
 Madeira and the Canary Islands.
 Gardner, D.E.; Hodges, C.S. Jr
 Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1990 Jun.
 Plant pathology v. 39 (2): p. 326-330. ill; 1990 Jun. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Azores; Canary Islands; Madeira; Myrica faya;
 Plant diseases; Nectria galligena; Cankers; Ramularia;
 Botryosphaeria; Armillaria mellea; Fungal diseases; Biological
 control organisms
 
 
 146                                    NAL Call. No.: 475 M58 
 The distribution and biological control of Lantana camara in
 Micronesia. Denton, G.R.W.; Muniappan, R.; Marutani, M.
 Mangilao : The University; 1991 Jun.
 Micronesica : journal of the University of Guam (suppl.3): p.
 71-81; 1991 Jun.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Micronesia; Lantana camara; Geographical
 distribution; Weed control; Hemiptera; Coleoptera; Diptera;
 Lepidoptera; Biological control agents
 
 
 147                                    NAL Call. No.: 475 M58
 Distribution and control of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae).
 Muniappan, R.; Marutani, M.
 Mangilao : The University; 1991 Jun.
 Micronesica : journal of the University of Guam (suppl.3): p.
 103-107; 1991 Jun.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Micronesia; Eupatorium odoratum; Geographical
 distribution; Weed control; Cultural weed control; Chemical
 control; Biological control
 
 
 148                             NAL Call. No.: SB950.3.A8P535
 Distribution and control of rubber vine, Cryptostegia
 grandiflora, a major weed in northern Queensland.
 McFadyen, R.E.; Harvey, G.J.
 Victoria : R.G. Richardson; 1990.
 Plant protection quarterly v. 5 (4): p. 152-155; 1990. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Queensland; Madagascar; Asclepiadaceae; Weeds;
 Geographical distribution; Non-crop weed control; Chemical
 control; Herbicides; Biological control; Pyralidae; Host
 specificity; Biological control agents
 
 
 149                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 B87
 Distribution, life history, host specificity and suitability of an
 undescribed Chrysolina species (Coleoptera:
 Chrysomelidae) for the biological control of Chrysanthemoides
 monilifera (Compositae).
 Adair, R.J.; Scott, J.K.
 London : Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International; 1991 Sep.
 Bulletin of entomological research v. 81 (3): p. 235-242. ill.,
 maps; 1991 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; South  Africa; Chrysanthemoides
 moniliferum; Introduced species; Invasion; Biological control;
 Chrysolina; Geographical distribution; Host specificity;
 Identification; Life history; Morphology; Release; Site
 factors; Weed control
 
 
 150                                   NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
 Distribution of the rose seed chalcid Megastigmus aculeatus var.
 nigroflavus Hoffmeyer (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in North Carolina.
 Nalepa, C.A.
 Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1989 Oct.
 Journal of entomological science v. 24 (4): p. 413-416. maps; 1989
 Oct.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Rose multiflora; Megastigmus;
 Seeds; Weed control; Biological control
 
 
 151                                   NAL Call. No.: 100 UT1F 
 Doing what comes naturally: IPM takes root in forestry.
 Baker, F.
 Logan, Utah : The Station; 1990.
 Utah Science - Utah Agricultural Experiment Station v. 51 (2): p.
 86-88; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Utah; Forests; Plant diseases; Parasitic weeds;
 Integrated pest management
 
 
 152                                     NAL Call. No.: A00033 
 Dough delivers weed and insect killers.
 San Francisco, Calif. : Deborah J. Mysiewicz; 1991 May21.
 BioEngineering news v. 12 (22): p. 5-6; 1991 May21.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Biological control; Colletotrichum truncatum;
 Steinernema; Usda; Licenses
 
 
 153                                    NAL Call. No.: 410 EC7 
 Early stage of host range expansion by a specialist herbivore,
 Euphydryas phaeton (Nymphalidae).
 Bowers, M.D.; Stamp, N.E.; Collinge, S.K.
 Tempe, Ariz. : The Society; 1992 Apr.
 Ecology : a publication of the Ecological Society of America v. 73
 (2): p. 526-536; 1992 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New York; Scrophulariaceae; Plantago lanceolata;
 Palatability; Plant analysis; Hosts of plant pests;
 Nymphalidae; Biological control agents; Host preferences;
 Iridoid glycosides; Larvae; Oviposition; Weed control
 
 
 154                                   NAL Call. No.: HD101.S6
 Economic analysis of alfalfa integrated management practices. Ward,
 C.E.; Dowdy, A.K.; Berberet, R.C.; Stritzke, J.F.
 Experiment, Ga. : The Association; 1990 Dec.
 Southern journal of agricultural economics - Southern
 Agricultural Economics Association v. 22 (2): p. 109-115; 1990 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Oklahoma; Medicago sativa; Cultivars; Integrated pest
 management; Economic analysis; Returns; Herbicides;
 Insecticides; Harvesting; Production costs; Forage; Crop
 yield; Producer prices
 
 Abstract:  Integrated pest management (IPM) initially focused on
 insect pest control. More recently, IPM encompasses a
 broader concept of management, one which crosses several
 disciplinary boundaries. This article reports results of
 research dealing with four integrated management decisions for
 alfalfa (cultivar selection, insect control, weed control, and end-
 of-season harvest options).
 
 
 155                        NAL Call. No.: HD2195.5.A45 no.201 
 An economic evaluation of biological control of sweet brier.
 Grundy, T. P.
 Canterbury, N.Z. : Agribusiness and Economics Research Unit,
 Lincoln College, [1989?]; 1989.
 ix, 49 : 1 map ; 30 cm. (Research report / Agribusiness and
 Economics Research Unit, Lincoln College, no. 201).  November 1989. 
 Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-42).
 
 Language:  English
 
 
 156                                  NAL Call. No.: SB975.C74
 Economic impact of biological control of weeds and insects.
 Tisdell, C.A.
 Andover, Hants : Intercept; 1990.
 Critical issues in biological control / edited by Manfred
 Mackauer and Lester E. Ehler, Jens Roland. p. 301-316; 1990. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Australia; Plant pests; Insect pests; Weeds;
 Biological control; Economic impact; Cost benefit analysis; Land
 evaluation; Case studies; Echium
 
 
 157                                   NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41 
 The economics of alternative tillage systems, crop rotations, and
 herbicide use on three representative East-Central Corn Belt farms.
 Martin, M.A.; Schreiber, M.M.; Riepe, J.R.; Bahr, J.R.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr. Weed
 science v. 39 (2): p. 299-307; 1991 Apr.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Indiana; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Glycine
 max; Cost benefit analysis; Conservation tillage;
 Sustainability; Integrated pest management; Alternative
 farming; Farm income; Farm inputs; Herbicides; Weed control;
 Rotations; Farm size; No-tillage; Farm results; Crop yield;
 Continuous cropping; Chiselling; Mathematical models; Linear
 programming
 
 Abstract:  A linear programming model was used to determine which
 crop rotations and weed management systems result in the highest
 net farm income for each of three farm sizes (120,
 240, and 480 hectares) under alternative tillage systems. Test plot
 data for the years 1981 through 1988 from the Purdue
 University Agronomy Farm, which has highly productive, well-drained
 soils, were analyzed. Net incomes for no-till tillage systems on
 all farms in the model were consistently and
 significantly lower than incomes for moldboard and chisel plow
 tillage systems due to slightly lower yields and substantially
 higher herbicide costs. Generally, net farm incomes were
 slightly higher with a moldboard plow versus chisel plow
 tillage system. Also, as farm size increased, per hectare net
 incomes increased. About 80% of the time under moldboard or chisel
 plow tillage systems, the model chose as optimal the lowest of
 three herbicide application rates. A corn/soybean rotation was
 chosen as optimal on 56% of the farm area
 analyzed, versus 25% for continuous corn and 13% for a
 corn/soybean/wheat rotation.
 
 
 158                                 NAL Call. No.: 421 R322AE
 Effect of agroecosystem stability on Ambrosia leaf beetle
 Zygogramma suturalis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) population
 density.
 Reznik, S.Ya; Belokobyl'skiy, S.A.; Lobanov, A.L.
 New York, N.Y. : Scripta Publishing; 1991 Jul.
 Entomological review v. 69 (7): p. 109-114; 1991 Jul. 
 Translated from: Zoologicheskii zhurnal, (10), 1990, p. 54-59. (410
 R92).  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English; Russian
 
 Descriptors: U.S.S.R.; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Zygogramma
 suturalis; Weed control; Biological control agents; Population
 density
 
 
 159                                 NAL Call. No.: 442.8 AN72 
 The effect of galls induced by the gall fly Porcecidochares utilis
 on vegetative growth and reproductive potential of
 crofton weed, Ageratina adenophora.
 Erasmus, D.J.; Bennett, P.H.; Van Staden, J.
 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Feb.
 Annals of applied biology v. 120 (1): p. 173-181; 1992 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Ageratina; Diptera; Biological
 control agents; Galls; Growth; Reproduction
 
 
 160                                   NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
 Effect of host plant species and age of rice bug (Hemiptera:
 Alydidae) eggs on parasitism by Gryon nixoni (Hymenoptera:
 Scelionidae).
 Morrill, W.L.; Almazon, L.P.
 Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1990 Jul.
 Journal of entomological science v. 25 (3): p. 450-452; 1990 Jul.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Philippines; Oryza sativa; Leptocorisa; Ova;
 Maturity stage; Parasitism; Parasites of insect pests;
 Hymenoptera; Biological control organisms; Biological control;
 Weeds; Host specificity
 
 
 161                                    NAL Call. No.: 421 C16
 Effect of Urophora cardui (L.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and
 Ceutorhynchus litura (E.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on the weed
 Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.
 Peschken, D.P.; Derby, J.L.
 Ottawa : Entomological Society of Canada; 1992 Jan.
 The Canadian entomologist v. 124 (1): p. 145-150; 1992 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Cirsium arvense; Biological
 control; Ceutorhynchus litura; Urophora cardui; Weed control
 
 
 162                                  NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
 Effect of weed management strategy and planting date on
 herbicide use in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea).
 Linker, H.M.; Coble, H.D.
 Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1990 Jan.
 Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
 America v. 4 (1): p. 20-25; 1990 Jan.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Arachis hypogaea; Planting date; Farm
 inputs; Herbicide application; Weeds; Integrated methods;
 Production costs; Integrated pest management; Prevention;
 Herbicide rates
 
 
 163                               NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M36FA
 Effective lawn care with reduced pesticide and fertilizer use.
 Turner, T.R.; Hellman, J.L.
 College Park, Md. : The Service; 1991-1992.
 Fact sheet - Cooperative Extension Service, University of
 Maryland (637): 7 p.; 1991-1992.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Maryland; Lawns and turf; Site selection; Site
 preparation; Cultivars; Insect pests; Biological control;
 Fertilizers; Mowing; Grass clippings; Thatch; Irrigation;
 Disease control; Weed control
 
 
 164                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Effectiveness of Liothrips urichi (Thysanoptera:
 Phlaeothripidae) introduced for biological control of Clidemia
 hirta in Hawaii.
 Reimer, N.J.; Beardsley, J.W. Jr
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1989 Dec.
 Environmental entomology v. 18 (6): p. 1141-1146; 1989 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Clidemia hirta; Thysanoptera; Weed
 control; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  The effectiveness of Liothrips urichi Karny
 introduced to control the noxious weed Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don
 was studied at three sites on Oahu, Hawaii. Vegetative C. hirta
 infested with L. urichi showed greater mortality after 1 mo and
 significantly shorter internode diameters among the
 survivors at 4 mo than uninfested plants. L. urichi had no
 effect on plant height in the field but stunted the growth of young
 potted C. hirta in greenhouse studies and caused a
 significant increase in terminal leaf drop. No effect on
 production of floral buds, flowers, or berries occurred at any
 field site over 11 mo. L. urichi was restricted to sunny or partly
 sunny sites and never occurred in heavily shaded areas. Higher
 thrips infestations occurred during the fall and winter and lower
 infestations during the summer. Percentage of
 damaged tips also fluctuated seasonally, but the degree of
 damage to individual leaves was not seasonal.
 
 
 165                                    NAL Call. No.: 410 G79
 Effects of arthropods on root:shoot ratio and biomass
 production in undisturbed and modified mountain shrub
 habitats.
 Christiansen, T.A.; Lockwood, J.A.; Powell, J.
 Provo, Utah : Brigham Young University; 1989 Jul31.
 The Great Basin naturalist v. 49 (3): p. 456-460; 1989 Jul31. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Wyoming; Artemisia tridentata; Purshia
 tridentata; Ratios; Roots; Shoots; Biomass; Brush control;
 Biological control; Arthropods; Defoliation
 
 
 166                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Effects of below-ground predator-weed interactions on damage to
 peanut by southern corn rootworm (Coleoptera:
 Chrysomelidae).
 Brust, G.E.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1990 Dec.
 Environmental entomology v. 19 (6): p. 1837-1844; 1990 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Arachis hypogaea; Diabrotica
 undecimpunctata howardi; Weeds; Tyrophagus putrescentiae;
 Predators of insect pests; Biological control agents
 
 Abstract:  The below-ground effects of weeds (Amaranthus
 retroflexus L., Chenopodium album L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.,
 Digitaria sanguinalis L., Setaria viridis L., Panicum
 dichotomiflorum Michx.) and increased soil moisture on damage to
 peanut pods by southern corn rootworm, Diabrotica
 undecimpunctata howardi Barber, was investigated in a 2-yr
 field and greenhouse study. Field experiments demonstrated
 that weedy areas had less pod damage overall and higher
 predator numbers than nonweedy areas. However, increased soil
 moisture, which increased southern corn rootworm oviposition and
 egg and larval survival, confounded the results.
 Greenhouse studies showed that three broadleaf species and
 three grass species were not as good food sources as peanuts for
 southern corn rootworm larvae. Although the presence of weeds
 growing with peanuts did not lower larval survival,
 weeds did significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) slow larval
 developmental rate. In greenhouse studies, damage to peanut pods
 was approximately 66% in peanut-only (control)
 treatments, 55% in peanut + weed treatments, 32% in peanut
 predator treatments, and 9% in peanut + weed + predator
 treatments. The interaction of predators and weeds in lowering the
 amount of damage caused by southern corn rootworm was
 significant (P less than or equal to 0.05). Field and
 greenhouse experiments demonstrated that at least two factors were
 operating to reduce pest damage in this below-ground,
 multispecies plant association. Predators and the structural
 complexity of the weed-crop root association may be working
 synergistically to reduce southern corn rootworm damage to
 peanuts.
 
 
 167                                  NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
 Effects of clipping and sheep grazing on dyers woad.
 West, N.E.; Farah, K.O.
 Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1989 Jan.
 Journal of range management v. 42 (1): p. 5-10; 1989 Jan. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Utah; Isatis tinctoria; Mortality; Biological
 control; Cultural control; Cutting; Grazing; Sheep; Weed
 control
 
 
 168                                   NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
 Effects of dew, plant age, and leaf position on the
 susceptibility of yellow starthistle to Puccinia jaceae.
 Bennett, A.R.; Bruckart, W.L.; Shishkoff, N.
 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1991
 May. Plant disease v. 75 (5): p. 499-501; 1991 May.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Centaurea solstitialis; Age; Dew; Greenhouse
 culture; Leaves; Position; Susceptibility; Biological control;
 Experimental infection; Puccinia; Virulence; Weed control
 
 
 169                                   NAL Call. No.: QL750.O3 
 The effects of feeding damage in ragweed Ambrosia
 artemisiifolia (Asteraceae) on populations of Zygogramma
 suturalis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Reznik, S.Ya
 Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer International; 1991.
 Oecologia v. 88 (2): p. 204-210; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Zygogramma suturalis; Feeding
 behavior; Diapause; Oviposition; Weed control;
 Biological control agents
 
 
 170                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Effects of sage brush removal and herbivory by mormon crickets
 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) on understory plant biomass and cover.
 Redak, R.A.; Capinera, J.L.; Bonham, C.D.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Feb.
 Environmental entomology v. 21 (1): p. 94-102; 1992 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Colorado; Artemisia tridentata; Biological
 control; Brush control; Anabrus simplex; Biomass; Ecosystems;
 Ground cover plants; Rangelands; Undergrowth
 
 Abstract:  The effects of herbivory by the Mormon cricket,
 Anabrus simplex Haldeman (Orthoptera:Tettigoniidae), and
 removal of sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) on
 understory plant biomass production and cover were determined.
 Averaged over a 3-yr period, 50-75% removal of sagebrush
 resulted in an approximately 20% increase in summer understory
 biomass production; understory plant cover was not affected by
 sagebrusb removal. Mormon crickets, at densities of four and eight
 crickets per square meter during a 5-wk period, did not
 significantly affect understory plant biomass production but did
 reduce forb and total vegetative cover. Mormon cricket
 herbivory and sagebrush removal were independent with respect to
 their effects on understory vegetation. Furthermore, the incomplete
 removal of sagebrush did not affect the feeding
 ecology of Mormon crickets. Analysis of cricket crop contents
 suggested that sagebrush was fed upon predominantly; there was
 little dietary overlap between crickets and cattle. As long as some
 sagebrush is left intact (e.g., 25%), sagebrush control programs
 are unlikely to influence Mormon cricket diet
 selection or damage potential. Cover estimates, which are
 commonly used by ranchers and rangeland managers to estimate forage
 availability, provide deceptive assessments of cricket effects,
 untimely perhaps leading to an undeserved reputation as a rangeland
 pest.
 
 
 171                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Effects of sugarcane borer, weed, and nematode control
 strategies in Louisiana sugarcane.
 Showler, A.T.; Reagan, T.E.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Feb.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (1): p. 358-370; 1991 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Louisiana; Saccharum officinarum; Diatraea
 saccharalis; Digitaria sanguinalis; Solenopsis invicta;
 Aldicarb; Nematode control; Integrated pest management
 
 Abstract:  Weeds in a Louisiana sugarcane field increased the
 abundance of arthropod prey and predators (including the
 imported fire ant), and caused at least 25% less injury from
 sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.). Weed competition,
 however, reduced sugarcane biomass, stand density, and sugar
 yields. Without insecticidal control of sugarcane borer, weedy
 habitats were more profitable than weed-free habitats. Future study
 on weed conservation in the furrows alone is suggested. Spring
 aldicarb (nematicide-insecticide) applications reduced arthropod
 prey, particularly stylet-feeding herbivorous
 insects, for up to 10 wk, Regardless of weed cover, predator
 densities on the soil surface, weeds, and cane stalks were
 decreased by the nematicide, and percentage of internodes
 injured by sugarcane borers increased by at least 19%.
 Fenvalerate (insecticide) reduced predators and prey
 arthropods on the soil surface and cane stalks, including
 Solenopsis invicta Buren. Cicadellidae on cane foliage were reduced
 by the insecticide, but the yellow sugarcane aphid, Sipha flava
 (Forbes), was enhanced by 63%. Fenvalerate did
 provide at least 70% protection against the sugarcane borer, with
 ratoon crop sugar yields 8.7% greater than in the
 insecticide-free regimes. A combination of weed and sugarcane borer
 chemical control tactics was the most economically sound pest
 management strategy.
 
 
 172                                   NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
 Efficacy of Phomopsis convolvulus for control of field
 bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis).
 Morin, L.; Watson, A.K.; Reeleder, R.D.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1989 Nov. Weed
 science v. 37 (6): p. 830-835. ill; 1989 Nov.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Quebec; Convolvulus arvensis; Seedlings;
 Biological control; Weed control; Biological control
 organisms; Phomopsis; Inoculum; Density; Conidia; Growth
 retardation; Growth stages
 
 Abstract:  Phomopsis convolvulus Ormeno, a fungus, reduced
 growth and regeneration of field bindweed under greenhouse
 environments. Field bindweed seedlings at the cotyledon stage were
 severely injured and killed (95% mortality) with 10(8) conidia/m2.
 Three- to five-leaf seedlings (2 weeks old) were controlled when
 inoculated with 10(9) conidia/m2 (70%
 mortality; 98 and 89% reduction in dry weight of aboveground
 biomass and roots, respectively). This inoculum density
 reduced aboveground and root biomass, and adversely affected
 regeneration of 4-week-old seedlings and established plants, but
 few plants were killed. In controlled-environment studies, two
 inoculations were superior (P = 0.02) to one inoculation in
 reducing foliage aboveground of well-established seedlings (4 weeks
 old). However, new shoots produced between the first and second
 inoculation treatments were less diseased than
 expected.
 
 
 173                                   NAL Call. No.: QH201.E4
 Electron microscopic observations of the aquatic caterpillar
 Acentropus niveus (Olivier).
 Green, I.S.; Smith, D.L.; Boylen, C.W.
 San Francisco, Calif. : San Francisco Press, Inc; 1989.
 Proceedings ... annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of
 America (47): p. 906-907. ill; 1989.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lepidoptera; Larvae; Morphology; Taxonomy;
 Ultrastructure; Electron microscopy; Biological control
 organisms; Myriophyllum spicatum; Weed control; Aquatic weeds
 
 
 174                             NAL Call. No.: SB950.3.A8P535 
 Emex in Southern Africa and Australia: an overview of biology and
 biological control.
 Scott, J.K.
 Victoria : R.G. Richardson; 1990.
 Plant protection quarterly v. 5 (3): p. 85-88; 1990.  Paper
 presented at the workshop on 'Control of Emex, Tribulus, and
 Cenchrus, in vineyards,' August 13-14, 1990, Mildura,
 Victoria, Australia.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Australia; Emex australis; Emex
 spinosus; Weeds; Weed biology; Weed associations; Fauna;
 Flora; Habitats; Geographical distribution; Population
 dynamics; Seeds; Weed control; Biological control; Biological
 control agents; Literature reviews
 
 
 175                                   NAL Call. No.: 421 J826
 Entomopathogenic nematodes (Heterorhabditis spp. and
 Steinernema anomali) as potential antagonists of the
 biological weed control agent Hylobius transversovittatus
 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).
 Blossey, B.; Ehlers, R.U.
 Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1991 Nov.
 Journal of invertebrate pathology v. 58 (3): p. 453-454; 1991 Nov.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lythrum salicaria; Biological control; Hylobius; Weed
 control; Antagonists; Entomophilic nematodes; Steinernema
 
 
 176                              NAL Call. No.: S494.5.B563R5
 Environmental impact of introduced biological-control agents:
 implications for agricultural biotechnology.
 Ehler, L.E.
 Oakland : Division of Agricultural and Natural Resources,
 University of California; 1990.
 Risk assessment in agricultural biotechnology : proceedings of the
 International Conference, August 1988 / [technical
 authors, James J. Marois, and George Bruening]. p. 85-96;
 1990.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Insect pests; Weeds; Biological control agents;
 Insects; Environmental impact; Genetic engineering
 
 
 177                                 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A2I5
 Environmental manipulation detrimental to pests.
 El Titi, A.
 Geneva, Switzerland : Parasitis; 1987.
 Integrated pest management : quo vadis?; Protection int'egr'ee :
 quo vadis? : an international perspective / V. Delucchi,
 editor. p. 105-121; 1987.  Paper presented at the "Symposium on
 Integrated Pest Management," December 9-11, 1986, Geneva,
 Switzerland.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Plant pests; Environmental factors; Regulation;
 Adverse effects; Control methods; Cropping systems; Weed
 control; Tillage; Sowing date; Soil ph; Fertilizers
 
 
 178                                   NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
 Establishment, dispersal, and influence of Ceutorhynchus
 litura on Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) in the Gallatin
 Valley of Montana. Rees, N.E.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1990 Mar. Weed
 science v. 38 (2): p. 198-200; 1990 Mar.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Montana; Cirsium arvense; Weed control;
 Biological control; Biological control agents; Ceutorhynchus
 litura; Dispersal; Larvae; Injuries; Shoots; Regrowth
 
 Abstract:  Ceutorhynchus litura dispersed 9 km in 15 yr from its
 point of release in 1972 with incident of infestation of Canada
 thistle plants at one study site reaching 92% in 1987. Plants
 generally survived larval feeding in the spring, but holes created
 by departing larvae provided entrances for
 arthropods, nematodes, and diseases. Subsequent mortality
 rates were high for belowground Canada thistle shoots.
 However, the number of new shoots from underground roots the
 following spring usually offset the mortality that had been
 indirectly caused by C. litura.
 
 
 179                                 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
 Eustenopus villosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for biological
 control of yellow starthistle (Asteraceae: Cardueae) in North
 America. Fornasari, L.; Turner, C.E.; Andres, L.A.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Aug.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (4): p. 1187-1194; 1991 Aug. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Greece; U.S.A.; Centaurea solstitialis;
 Curculionidae; Weed control; Biological control agents
 
 Abstract:  The host specificity of Eustenopus villosus
 (Boheman) was studied in the laboratory using field-collected
 adults from Greece arid overwintered progeny of these adults. No-
 choice and two-choice host specificity tests were carried out in
 the laboratory. Thirty-four plant species, in addition to yellow
 starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.) (as the
 control) from Greece and the United States, were tested. Under no-
 choice test conditions in the laboratory, adults showed to some
 degree a rather broad feeding spectrum but with heaviest feeding on
 yellow starthistle. Oviposition was restricted to some species in
 the genus Centaurea, with heaviest oviposition on yellow
 starthistle. Under two-choice conditions (test plant caged with
 yellow starthistle control), oviposition occurred only on yellow
 starthistle. The literature on field hosts and host specificity
 tests indicate a high level of larval host specificity to yellow
 starthistle. A laboratory study showed that the combined effects of
 adult and larval feeding on
 yellow starthistle can reduce seed production by 98.8% under
 laboratory conditions; this also indicates that the species has
 excellent potential as a biological control agent.
 
 
 180                                NAL Call. No.: SB611.5.J69
 Evaluation of fungi for biological control of Hydrilla
 verticillata (L.f.) Royle.
 Joye, Gary F.; Theriot, Edwin A.; Hennington, Susan
 United States, Army, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Engineer
 Waterwa