TITLE: IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural
 Crops
 PUBLICATION DATE:  March 1994
 ENTRY DATE:  April 1995
 EXPIRATION DATE:  
 UPDATE FREQUENCY: 
 CONTACT:  Jane Gates
           Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
           National Agricultural Library
           Room 304, 10301 Baltimore Ave.
           Beltsville, MD  20705-2351
           Telephone:  (301) 504-6559
           FAX:  (301) 504-6409
           Internet:  afsic@nal.usda.gov
 DOCUMENT TYPE:  text
 DOCUMENT SIZE:  302k (146 pages)
 
 
 ==============================================================
                                              ISSN:  1052-5378
 United States Department of Agriculture
 National Agricultural Library
 10301 Baltimore Blvd.
 Beltsville, Maryland  20705-2351
 
 IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests:  Horticultural Crops
 January 1992 - December 1993
 
 QB 94-12
 Quick Bibliography SeriesBibliographies in the Quick Bibliography Series of the National
 Agricultural Library, are intended primarily for current awareness,
 and as the title of the series implies, are not indepth exhaustive
 bibliographies on any given subject.  However, the citations are a
 substantial resource for recent investigations on a given topic. 
 They also serve the purpose of bringing the literature of
 agriculture to the interested user who, in many cases, could not
 access it by any other means.  The bibliographies are derived from
 computerized on-line searches of the AGRICOLA data base. 
 Timeliness of topic and evidence of extensive interest are the
 selection criteria.
 
 The author/searcher determines the purpose, length, and search
 strategy of the Quick Bibliography.  Information regarding these is
 available upon request from the author/searcher.
 
 Copies of this bibliography may be made or used for distribution
 without prior approval.  The inclusion or omission of a particular
 publication or citation may not be construed as endorsement or
 disapproval.
 
 To request a copy of a bibliography in this series, send the series
 title, series number and self-addressed gummed label to:
 
 U.S. Department of Agriculture
 National Agricultural Library
 Public Services Division, Room 111
 Beltsville, Maryland 20705
 
 IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests:  Horticultural Crops
 January 1992 - December 1993
 
 
 Quick Bibliography Series:  QB 94-12
 Updates QB 92-41
 
 285 citations in English from AGRICOLA
 
 Jane Potter Gates
 Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
 
 
 
 March 1994National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
 
 Gates, Jane Potter
   IPM and biological control of plant pests : horticultural crops. 
  (Quick bibliography series ; 94-12)
   1. Plant parasites--Integrated control--Bibliography. 2. Plant
 parasites--Biological control--Bibliography. 3. Horticultural
 crops--Diseases and pests--Control. I. Title.
 aZ5071.N3 no.94-12
 
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 AGRICOLA
 
 Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA
 database between January 1979 and the present.
 
 
 SAMPLE CITATIONS
 
 Citations in this bibliography are from the National Agricultural
 Library's AGRICOLA database.  An explanation of sample journal
 article, book, and audiovisual citations appears below.
 
 JOURNAL ARTICLE:
 
   Citation #                                     NAL Call No.  
 Article title.
   Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher.  Journal Title.  
 Date.  Volume (Issue).  Pages.  (NAL Call Number).
 
 Example:
   1                             NAL Call No.:  DNAL 389.8.SCH6  
 Morrison, S.B.  Denver, Colo.:  American School Food Service  
 Association.  School foodservice journal.  Sept 1987. v. 41   (8).
 p.48-50. ill.
 
 BOOK:
 
   Citation #                                   NAL Call Number  
 Title.
   Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date. Information   on
 pagination, indices, or bibliographies.
 
 Example:
   1                        NAL Call No.:  DNAL RM218.K36 1987  
 Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
   Kane, June Kozak.  New York:  Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
   Includes index.  xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm.  Bibliography:   p.
 126.
 
 AUDIOVISUAL:
 
   Citation #                                  NAL Call Number  
 Title.
   Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date.
   Supplemental information such as funding.  Media format
   (i.e., videocassette):  Description (sound, color, size).
 
 Example:
   1                    NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV  
 All aboard the nutri-train.
   Mayo, Cynthia.  Richmond, Va.:  Richmond Public Schools,
   1981.  NET funded.  Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
   Mayo.  1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
   activity packet.IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests: Horticultural Crops
                           January 1992 - December 1993
 
 
 
                             SEARCH STRATEGY
       Set         Description
 
       S1     505  IPM
       S2    6966  INTEGRATED
       S3   19282  PEST
       S4  130996  MANAGEMENT
       S5    2415  INTEGRATED(W)PEST(W)MANAGEMENT
       S6    2505  IPM OR INTEGRATED()PEST()MANAGEMENT
       S7    6966  INTEGRATED
       S8  137642  CONTROL?
       S9     979  INTEGRATED(W)CONTROL?
      S10    3335  S6 OR INTEGRATED()CONTROL?
      S11     570  BIOCONTROL
      S12   29087  BIOLOGICAL
      S13  137642  CONTROL?
      S14   13166  BIOLOGICAL(W)CONTROL?
      S15   16147  S10 OR BIOCONTROL OR BIOLOGICAL()CONTROL?     
 S16     140  SCOUTING
      S17   46984  NATURAL
      S18    1587  ENEM?
      S19    1281  NATURAL(W)ENEM?
      S20   17995  PARASITES
      S21  181112  PEST?
      S22    2902  PARASITES(2W)PEST?
      S23    4120  SCOUTING OR NATURAL()ENEM? OR PARASITES(W2)PEST? 
     S24   18223  S15 OR S23
      S25   96079  HORTICULTURAL
      S26  223030  CROP?
      S27   91280  HORTICULTURAL(W)CROP?
      S28   33450  FRUIT?
      S29   17724  VEGETABLE?
      S30   18857  POTATO?
      S31    9536  GRAPE?
      S32    2064  NUT? ?
      S33    3383  SHRUB?
      S34    2721  TURF
      S35    1345  ORNAMENTALS
      S36    1849  FLORAL
      S37  223030  CROP?
      S38      23  FLORAL(W)CROP?
      S39  142173  HORTICULTURAL()CROP? OR FRUIT? OR VEGETABLE? OR
 POTATO? OR                   GRAPE? OR NUT? ? OR SHRUB? OR TURF OR
 ORNAMENTALS OR                   FLORAL()CROP?
      S40    1442  S24 AND S39
      S41    1215  S40/ENG
      S42   70710  SH=F83?
      S43    1015  S41 NOT SH=F83?
      S44  204582  UD=9201 : UD=9999
      S45     290  S43 AND UD=9201:UD=9999
 
 
          IPM and Biological Control of Plant Pests:  Horticultural
 Crops
 
 1                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.A2C47 1991 commercial pecan: insect, disease, and weed
 control recommendations. Gasaway, W.S.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (27): 13 p.; 1991 Jan.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Carya illinoensis; Pest control; Insect control;
 Disease control; Weed control
 
 
 2                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.A2C47 1991 Small fruits--insect, disease, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Powell, A.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (478): 16 p.; 1991 Jan.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Small fruits; Pest control; Plant disease
 control; Pesticides
 
 
 3                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.V8V52 1991 spray bulletin for commercial tree fruit growers.
 Horsburgh, R.L.; Pfeiffer, D.G.; Fell, R.D.; Hogmire, H.W. Jr;
 Barden, J.A.; Byers, R.E.; Kushad, M.M.; Marini, R.P.; Baugher,
 T.A.; Ingle, L.M. Blacksburg, Va. : Extension Division, Virginia
 Polytechnic Institute and State University; 1991.
 Publication - Virginia Cooperative Extension Service v.): 120 p.;
 1991.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Temperate tree fruits; Pesticides; Application
 methods; Safety at work; Integrated pest management; Health
 hazards; Plant disease control; Weed control; Growth regulators;
 Wildlife management; Nutrient requirements; Harvesting date
 
 
 4                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.A2C47 1992 commercial vegetables insect, disease, nematode,
 and weed control recommendations.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1992 Mar.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (2): 44 p.; 1992 Mar.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Vegetables; Insect control; Disease control; Nematode
 control; Weed control; Integrated pest management; Insects;
 Insecticides; Plant diseases; Fungicides; Nematoda; Nematicides;
 Weeds; Herbicides
 
 
 5                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 275.29 W27P 1992 pest management guide for commercial small fruits.
 Antonelli, A.L.; Brun, C.A.; MacConnell, C.B.; Havens, D.; Scheer,
 W.P.A. Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1992 Feb.
 Extension bulletin - Washington State University, Cooperative
 Extension Service v.): 51 p.; 1992 Feb.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Washington; Small fruits; Pest management; Integrated
 pest management; Pesticides; Safety; Spraying equipment; Plant
 diseases; Insects; Fungicides; Insecticides
 
 
 6                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.A2C47 1992 small fruits--insect, disease, and weed control
 recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.; Himelrick, D.;
 Powell, A.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (478): 16 p.; 1991 Dec.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Alabama; Small fruits; Insect control; Plant disease
 control; Weed control; Insecticides; Herbicides; Fungicides
 
 
 7                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.A2C47 1993 Commercial peach: Insect, disease, nematode, and
 weed control recommendations.
 Sikora, E.J.; McVay, J.R.; Powell, A.A.; Patterson, M.G.; Everest,
 J.W. Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1993 Jan.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (8): 12 p.; 1993 Jan.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Prunus persica; Insect control; Plant disease control;
 Nematode control; Weed control; Fungicides; Bactericides;
 Insecticides; Acaricides; Herbicides; Application rates;
 Application methods
 
 
 8                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.N6N62 1993 Pest and orchard management: guide for North
 Carolina apples. Walgenbach, J.F.; Sutton, T.B.; Skroch, W.A.;
 Unrath, C.R.; Parker, M.L.; Sullivan, W.T.; Shelton, J.E.; Rock,
 G.C.; Bromley, P.T.
 Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1993 Feb.
 AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
 State University v.): 34 p.; 1993 Feb.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Malus pumila; Orchards; Integrated
 pest management; Plant disease control; Agricultural chemicals;
 Application methods; Application rates; Application date;
 Pesticides
 
 
 9                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.N6N62 1993 pest control recommendations for turfgrass
 managers.
 Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 Nov.
 AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
 State University v.): 12 p.; 1992 Nov.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Lawns and turf; Insect control;
 Insecticides; Weed control; Integrated pest management; Weeds;
 Herbicides; Plant disease control; Nematicides; Growth regulators
 
 
 10                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: 80 AC82 Activity of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai on the
 germination of asparagus seed. I. Seed treatments.
 Nipoti, P.; Manzali, D.; Gennari, S.; D'Ercole, N.; Rivas, F.
 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
 Jul. Acta horticulturae (271): p. 403-407; 1990 Jul.  Paper
 presented at the "7th International asparagus Symposium," June
 19-23, 1989, Ferrara, Italy. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Asparagus; Trichoderma harzianum; Seed germination
 
 Abstract:  Two methods of applying a biocontrol agent (Trichoderma
 harzianum--"T 581") directly to the seed were evaluated in order to
 assess its possible positive effects on germination. The "T 581"
 strain, isolated from the soil and grown on potato dextrose agar
 medium (PDA) for seven days, was employed in three concentrations
 (10(5), 10(6) and 10(7) spores/ml). The following methods were
 evaluated for each concentration: 1. Seed coating using talcum and
 sodium alginate as dispersant and thickening agent for the
 condidial suspension, respectively; 2. Seed coating and
 encapsultation of biocontrol agent using talcum and alginate with
 the addition of a food-base compound (chitin) in case (a) and
 without such addition in case (b). After this, encapsulation of
 Trichoderma was obtained by dropping the coated seeds into 0.1 M
 calcium gluconate solution. The parameters obtained in the trials
 conducted on the "UC 157 LT 869-470-2" asparagus variety were
 germination percentage and amount of dry matter produced by
 seedlings. The results are then discussed.
 
 
 11                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: 80 AC82 Activity of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai on the
 germination of asparagus seeds. II. Soil treatments.
 Gennari, S.; Manzali, D.; D'Erocole, N.
 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
 Jul. Acta horticulturae (271): p. 409-415; 1990 Jul.  Paper
 presented at the "7th International asparagus Symposium," June
 19-23, 1989, Ferrara, Italy. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Asparagus; Trichoderma harzianum; Seed germination;
 Soil treatment
 
 Abstract:  This paper examines the effects of Trichoderma harzianum
 Rifai ("T 581") on the germination of asparagus seeds ("UC 157 LT
 869-470-2" variety) when added to the soil. The "T 581" strain
 grown on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) for seven days was
 brought to a 10(5) spores/ml concentration and employed in two
 formulations: liquid and solid. The biocontrol agent was added at
 a ratio of 26 000 spores/g to thhe soil which had previously been
 steam-sterilized. Planting was carried out 96, 72, 48, 24 and 0
 hours after adding "T 581" to the soil. Germination precentage and
 the amount of dry matter produced by seedlings were evaluated. The
 parameters ware determined on four successive stages at four-day
 intervals. The findings are then commented upon.
 
 
 12                                          NAL Call. No.:
 aSB950.2.A1F47 1992 The adoption of integrated pest management
 technologies by vegetable growers. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge; Beach,
 E. Douglas; Huang, Wen-Yuan United States, Dept. of Agriculture,
 Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division
 Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research
 Service, Resources and Technology Division,; 1992.
 iv, 17 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (ERS staff report ; no. AGES 9228.). 
 Cover title. "November 1992"--P. iii.  Includes bibliographical
 references (p. 15-17).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pests; Vegetables
 
 
 13                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: 80 AC82 The African lunar moth, Argema mimosae (Lepidoptera:
 Saturniidae), a potential pest of marula.
 Van Den Berg, M.A.
 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
 Jul. Acta horticulturae (275): p. 685-689; 1990 Jul.  Paper
 presented at the "International Symposium on the Culture of
 Subtropical and Tropical Fruits and Crops," Volume II, November
 6-10, 1989, Nelspruit, South Africa.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Anacardiaceae; Lepidoptera; Insect
 pests; Pest control; Biological control; Life cycle
 
 Abstract:  The African lunar moth, Argema mimosae (Bsd.), is
 endemic to south-central Africa. The larvae feed on the foliage of
 the marula, Sclerocarya caffra (Sond.), and may cause substantial
 defoliation which can reduce growth and/or fruit production. At
 average temperatures of about 25 degrees C eggs hatch after 10.9
 days, and the first to fifth larval instars are completed in means
 of 5.6, 4.2, 3.4, 5.8, and 14.1 days respectively. The pupal stage
 lasts 6-12 weeks in summer and 5-8 months in winter. The African
 lunar moth completes two generations per year. Marula trees are
 attacked during the months October to December and February to
 March when most of the larvae are in their fourth and fifth instar.
 The egg parasitoids Anastatus sp. (sp.a) and Mesocomys pulchriceps
 Cam. (Hymenoptera:Eupelmidae) have been reared from A. mimosae eggs
 placed in the field. In the laboratory two other eupelmids,
 Mesocomys vuilleti (Crawf.) and Anastatus sp (sp.b.), parasitise
 eggs of the African lunar moth.
 
 
 14                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QD415.A1J6 Analysis, synthesis, formulation, and field testing of
 three major components of male Mediterranean fruit fly pheromone.
 Heath, R.R.; Landolt, P.J.; Tumlinson, J.H.; Chambers, D.L.;
 Murphy, R.E.; Doolittle, R.E.; Dueben, B.D.; Sivinski, J.; Calkins,
 C.O.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Sep.
 Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (9): p. 1925-1940; 1991 Sep. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ceratitis capitata; Sex pheromones; Chemical
 composition; Synthesis; Bioassays; Insect traps; Insect control;
 Biological control
 
 Abstract:  Three major components, ethyl-(E)-3-octenoate, geranyl
 acetate, and (E.E)-alpha-farnesene, emitted as volatiles by
 laboratory-reared and wild male medflies were collected and
 analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Peak emission of these
 compounds occurred during the third to fifth hours of the
 photophase arid differences were observed in the ratios of the
 three components emitted by male laboratory-reared and wild flies.
 These three compounds were synthesized, and a method was developed
 to formulate a synthetic blend that released the compounds in a
 ratio similar to that emitted by wild male medflies. Attractiveness
 of the blend to female medflies was demonstrated under field
 conditions by comparing trap catches. Black spherical traps, baited
 with the synthetic blend to release 1.6 male equivalents, caught
 significantly more females than blank traps and traps from which
 the blend released was 0.3, 3.2 or 6.4 male equivalents.
 
 
 15                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Antibiosis as mode of action in postharvest biological
 control. Pusey, P.L.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 127-141; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Biological control; Bacillus
 subtilis; Extracts
 
 
 16                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 100 C12H Aphelopus albopictus Ashmead (Hymenoptera:
 Dryinidae): abundance, parasitism, and distribution in relation to
 leafhopper hosts in grapes. Wilson, L.T.; Carmean, I.; Flaherty,
 D.L.
 Oakland, Calif. : California Agricultural Experiment Station; 1991
 Jan. Hilgardia : a journal of agricultural science v. 59 (1): 16
 p.; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Vitis; Erythroneura elegantula; Parasites
 of insect pests
 
 
 17                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: S481.R4 Application of a new strain of Metarhizium anisopliae
 (Fungi imperfecti) as a means of biological control against the
 coconut leaf hispid, Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Hispidae) in
 Samoa.
 Marschall, K.J.; Vargo, A.M.; Fatuesi, S.
 Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
 Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
 Service (134): p. 137-140; 1991 Dec.  Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
 Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Western samoa; American samoa; Cocos nucifera;
 Brontispa longissima; Metarhizium anisopliae; Biological control;
 Fungal spores
 
 
 18                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: SB599.C8 Arthropod natural enemies of the Colorado potato
 beetle.
 Hough-Goldstein, J.A.; Heimpel, G.E.; Bechmann, H.E.; Mason, C.E.
 Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1993 Aug.
 Crop protection v. 12 (5): p. 324-334; 1993 Aug.  Literature
 review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Insect pests; Natural
 enemies; Biological control agents; Predatory arthropods; Parasites
 of insect pests; Literature reviews
 
 
 19                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 420 F662 Arthropods associated with passion fruit in western
 Venezuela. Dominguez-Gil, O.E.; McPheron, B.A.
 Winter Haven, Fla. : Florida Entomological Society; 1992 Dec.
 Florida entomologist v. 75 (4): p. 607-612; 1992 Dec.  Paper
 presented at a Workshop on "Important arthropod pests of the
 Caribbean Basin amenable to biological control: Homoptera,
 Coleoptera, Lepidoptera," April 8-10, 1991, Orlando, Florida. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Venezuela; Passiflora edulis; Arthropod pests;
 Arthropods; Biological control; Ecosystems; Natural enemies;
 Pollinators
 
 
 20                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: SB925.B5 Augmentative releases of Diachasmimorpha tryoni
 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to suppress a Mediterranean fruit fly
 (Diptera: Tephritidae) population in Kula, Maui, Hawaii.
 Wong, T.T.Y.; Ramadan, M.M.; McInnis, D.O.; Mochizuki, N.;
 Nishimoto, J.I.; Herr, J.C.
 Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1991 Jun.
 Biological control v. 1 (1): p. 2-7; 1991 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Ceratitis capitata; Peaches; Insect pests;
 Insect control; Biological control; Biological control agents;
 Parasitoid augmentation; Parasites of insect pests; Braconidae;
 Prunus persica
 
 
 21                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB379.A9A9 Avocado growing in Israel.
 Priel, A.
 Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
 1993 Feb. California grower v. 17 (2): p. 29-30; 1993 Feb.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Israel; France; Spain; Persea Americana; Crop yield;
 Crop production; International trade; Marketing techniques;
 Cultivars; Irrigation; Saline water; Biological control; Food
 consumption; Consumer preferences
 
 
 22                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Behavioral interactions between Japanese beetle
 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) grubs and an entomopathogenic nematode
 (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) within turf microcosms.
 Schroeder, P.C.; Villani, M.G.; Ferguson, C.S.; Nyrop, J.P.;
 Shields, E.J. Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993
 Jun.
 Environmental entomology v. 22 (3): p. 595-600; 1993 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Popillia japonica; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora;
 Entomophilic nematodes; Interactions; Dispersal; Biological control
 agents
 
 Abstract:  Distribution of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica
 Newman, grubs and dispersal of an entomopathogenic nematode,
 Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar 'Oswego' strain (an isolate
 from New York state), were examined for 5 wk within soil-filled
 flats containing grass. Japanese beetle grubs uniformly dispersed
 to all sections of the flats not infested with H. bacteriophora
 'Oswego' strain. In flats infested with H. bacteriophora 'Oswego'
 strain, however, greater proportions of Japanese beetle grubs were
 recovered in sections near the nematode release site or center
 sections of the flats. H. bacteriophora 'Oswego' strain dispersed
 to all sections of the flats but dispersed more rapidly within the
 flats infested with Japanese beetle grubs than in flats not
 infested with Japanese beetle grubs.
 
 
 23                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Biocontrol of postharvest bacterial diseases of fruits
 and vegetables. Moline, H.E.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 114-124; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Fruit; Vegetables; Postharvest decay; Plant pathogenic
 bacteria; Biological control; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Pseudomonas
 putida; Erwinia
 
 
 24                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: 8 P832J Biological and chemical control of nematodes in
 Capsicum annuum L. Vicente, N.E.; Acosta, N.
 Rio Piedras, P.R. : University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural
 Experiment Station; 1992 Jul.
 The Journal of agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico v. 76
 (3/4): p. 171-176; 1992 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Puerto Rico; Capsicum annuum; Meloidogyne incognita;
 Rotylenchulus reniformis; Biological control; Chemical control;
 Carbofuran; Nematode control; Paecilomyces lilacinus; Population
 dynamics; Crop yield
 
 
 25                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: SB951.P47 Biological control and integrated pest management in
 glasshouses--a commercial success.
 Lenteren, J.C. van
 Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1993.
 Pesticide science v. 37 (4): p. 430-432; 1993.  Paper presented at
 the meeting on "Biological Control: Use of Living Organisms in the
 Management of Invertebrate Pests, Pathogens and Weeds," October
 19-20, 1992, London. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Netherlands; Greenhouse culture; Biological control;
 Integrated pest management; Policy; Research; Crops
 
 
 26                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: SB951.P47 Biological control in protected crops: where do we
 go?.
 Lenteren, J.C. van
 Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
 Pesticide science v. 36 (4): p. 321-327; 1992.  Paper presented at
 the symposium "Integrated Control of Pests and Diseases in
 Protected Crops and Greenhouses," May 19-20, 1992, Noordwijkerhout,
 The Netherlands.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Europe; Biological control; Natural enemies;
 Biological control agents; Greenhouse culture; Greenhouse crops;
 Integrated pest management; Research; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Biological pest control is a reliable method and an
 economically profitable endeavour for growers of greenhouse crops.
 The fast evaluation and introduction of a number of natural enemies
 in situations where chemical control was either insufficient,
 impossible or undesired, has taught crop protection specialists
 that biological control, within IPM programmes, is a powerful
 option in pest control. Commercially available natural enemies are
 listed, current research in biological control is described,
 incorrect criticism of biological control is discussed and specific
 advantages of using this control method in protected crops are
 given.
 
 
 27                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB379.A9A9 Biological control of ash whitefly: a success in
 progress.
 Bellows, T.S.
 Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
 1991 Sep. California grower v. 15 (9): p. 8-9, 13; 1991 Sep.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Citrus; Tree fruits; Aleyrodidae;
 Encarsia; Biological control
 
 
 28                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Biological control of Botrytis, Rhizopus and Alternaria
 rots of tomato fruit by Pichia guilliermondii.
 Chalutz, E.; Droby, S.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.; Barkai-Golan, R.;
 Daus, A.; Fuchs, Y.; Wilson, C.L.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 71-85; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tomatoes; Postharvest decay; Botrytis; Rhizopus;
 Alternaria; Decay fungi; Biological control; Pichia
 
 
 29                                              NAL Call. No.:
 SB945.F8F7 1989 Biological control of fruit-infesting Tephritidae.
 Wharton, R.A.
 Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
 Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
 Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
 International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
 Cavalloro. p. 323-332; 1989. (EUR).  Literature review.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Tephritidae; Plant pests; Biological control;
 Literature reviews; Parasites of insect pests
 
 
 30                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Biological control of Japanese, Oriental, and black
 turfgrass ataenius beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae with
 entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Steinernematidae,
 Heterorhabditidae).
 Alm, S.R.; Yeh, T.; Hanula, J.L.; Georgis, R.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1660-1665; 1992 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Connecticut; Festuca ovina; Lawns and turf;
 Blitopertha orientalis; Popillia japonica; Scarabaeidae; Larvae;
 Biological control; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; Neoaplectana
 carpocapsae; Neoaplectana feltiae; Neoaplectana glaseri
 
 Abstract:  Several strains or species of entomopathogenic
 nematodes-steinernema carpocapsae Weiser (All), S. feltiae
 (=bibionis) (Filipjev) (Biosys strains 27 and 980), S. glaseri
 (Steiner), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (= heliothidis) Poinar
 (HP88)-were tested in the field for control of japanese beetle,
 Popillia japonica Newman; Oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis
 Waterhouse; or black turfgrass ataenius, Ataenius spretulus
 (Haldeman) larvae. A spring field trial against A. orientalis, in
 which half of the plots were aerated to assist in nematode
 dispersal in soil, showed no significant differences between
 control plots and those treated with H. bacteriophora (HP88) or S.
 carpocapsae (All). A fall field trial in which half of the plots
 were dethatched before nematode application (to enhance nematode-
 larva contact) also showed no significant differences between plots
 treated with S. feltiae and control plots. Four other fall field
 trials with S. carpocapsae, S. feltiae, S. glaseri, and H.
 bacteriorphora against japanese beetle larvae showed a range of
 0-81% control. The greatest mortality of P. japonica larvae
 occurred with S. glaseri at 24.7 X 10(9) per ha. A field trial with
 S. carpocapsae against A. spretulus showed 94% mortality at a 24.7
 X 10(9) per ha rate.
 
 
 31                                             NAL Call. No.:
 SB608.F8W48 1991 Biological control of postharvest diseases of
 citrus and deciduous fruit. Wilson, Charles L.; Chalutz, Edo
 United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and
 Development Fund Bet Dagan, Israel : BARD,; 1991.
 141 p. : ill. ; 30 cm.  Final report.  Project no. US-1374-87. 
 Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Fruit
 
 
 32                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Biological control of postharvest diseases of citrus
 fruit. Droby, S.; Chalutz, E.; Cohen, L.; Weiss, B.; Wilson, C.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 60-70; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Citrus fruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control
 
 
 33                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: SB599.C8 Biological control of post-harvest diseases of fruits
 and vegetables: alternatives to synthetic fungicides.
 Wilson, C.L.; Wisniewski, M.E.; Biles, C.L.; McLaughlin, R.;
 Chalutz, E.; Droby, S.
 Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1991 Jun.
 Crop protection v. 10 (3): p. 172-177; 1991 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tomatoes; Grapes; Apples; Citrus fruits; Peaches;
 Vegetables; Fruits; Postharvest decay; Postharvest treatment;
 Biological control; Biological control agents; Antagonists;
 Secondary metabolites
 
 
 34                                                       NAL Call.
 No.: SB1.H6 Biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits
 and vegetables: recent advances.
 Wisniewski, M.E.; Wilson, C.L.
 Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1992
 Feb. HortScience v. 27 (2): p. 94-98; 1992 Feb.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Vegetables; Fruit; Postharvest decay; Postharvest
 losses; Biological control; Biological control agents; Antagonists
 
 
 35                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 1.9 P69P Biological control of postharvest diseases of grape,
 peach, and apple with the yeasts Kloeckera apiculata and Candida
 guilliermondii.
 McLaughlin, R.J.; Wilson, C.L.; Droby, S.; Ben-Arie, R.; Chalutz,
 E. St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 May.
 Plant disease v. 76 (5): p. 470-473; 1992 May.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Grapes; Apples; Peaches; Postharvest decay; Disease
 control; Biological control; Yeasts; Candida guilliermondii;
 Calcium chloride
 
 
 36                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Biological control of postharvest diseases of pome
 fruits.
 Janisiewicz, W.; Roitman, J.; Machoney, N.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 49-59; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pome fruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control
 
 
 37                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 SB950.A1I66 Biological control of postharvest fruit disease.
 Quarles, W.
 Berkeley, Calif. : Bio-Integral Resource Center; 1993 May.
 The IPM practitioner v. 15 (5/6): p. 1-11; 1993 May.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Fruit; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
 Beneficial organisms; Integrated pest management; Fungicidal
 properties
 
 
 38                                             NAL Call. No.:
 SB945.F8F76 1993 Biological control of tephritid fruit flies by
 inundative releases of natural enemies.
 Gingrich, R.E.
 New York : Springer-Verlag; 1993.
 Fruit flies : biology and management / Martin Aluja, Pablo Liedo,
 editors. p. 311-318; 1993.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tephritidae; Biological control; Natural enemies
 
 
 39                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 420 F662 Biological control of the Caribbean fruit fly
 (Diptera: Tephritidae). Baranowski, R.; Glenn, H.; Sivinski, J.
 Winter Haven, Fla. : Florida Entomological Society; 1993 Jun.
 Florida entomologist v. 76 (2): p. 245-251; 1993 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Florida; Anastrepha suspensa; Biological control;
 Hymenoptera; Parasites of insect pests; Plant pests
 
 
 40                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB950.A1P3 Biological control of the fruit tree mealybug
 Rastrococcus invadens Williams in Togo: a preliminary sociological
 and economic evaluation.
 Vogele, J.M.; Agounke, D.; Moore, D.
 London : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Oct.
 Tropical pest management v. 37 (4): p. 379-382; 1991 Oct.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: West  Africa; Rastrococcus invadens; Introduced
 species; Biological control; Fungus control; Gyranusoidea tebygi;
 Parasites of insect pests; Socioeconomic status; Cost effectiveness
 analysis
 
 
 41                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: S481.R4 Biological control of the mango shoot caterpillar on
 Guam.
 Nafus, D.M.
 Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
 Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
 Service (134): p. 146-149; 1991 Dec.  Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
 Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Guam; Mangifera indica; Penicillaria; Parasites of
 insect pests; Biological control; Pests
 
 
 42                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Biological control of the Mediterranean fruit fly in the
 United States and Central America.
 Gilstrap, F.E.; Hart, W.G.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1987 Mar.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (56): 68 p.; 1987 Mar.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Costa Rica; Fruit crops; Vegetables;
 Tephritidae; History; Geographical distribution; Biological
 control; Biological control agents; Parasites of insect pests;
 Introduced species; Projects
 
 
 43                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: QH301.A76 Biological control of the potato cyst nematode using
 paraistic fungi. Crump, D.H.; Flynn, C.A.
 Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;
 1992. Aspects of applied biology (33): p. 161-165; 1992.  In the
 series analytic: Production and protection of potatoes / edited by
 S.F.L. Ball et al.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: England; Northern ireland; Scotland; Solanum
 tuberosum; Globodera pallida; Globodera rostochiensis; Plant
 parasitic nematodes; Biological control; Nematode control;
 Nematophagous fungi
 
 
 44                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Biological control Penicillaria jocosatrix (Lepidoptera:
 Noctuidae) on mango on Guam with notes on the biology of its
 parasitoids.
 Nafus, D.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (6): p. 1725-1731; 1991 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Guam; Mangifera indica; Penicillaria; Aleiodes;
 Euplectrus; Blepharella lateralis; Parasitoids; Biological control
 agents
 
 Abstract:  Penicillaria jocosatrix Guenee consumes new leaves,
 flowers, and fruits of mango and has been a serious pest on Guam.
 Before 1986, few natural enemies were present and there were no
 parasitoids attacking the larvae. In 1986, a program was initiated
 to introduce larval parasitoids. The wasps Aleiodes sp. and
 Euplectrus sp. and the fly Blepharella lateralis Macquart were
 released. Aleiodes sp. did not establish, but Euplectrus sp. and B.
 lateralis did. Populations of the mango shoot caterpillar fell to
 25% of their prerelease levels. Parasitization rates ranged from 20
 to 99%. Euplectrus sp. was the most abundant parasitoid. It
 parasitized all instars, but was more common on second and third
 instars. More eggs were laid on older instars of the caterpillar.
 Euplectrus sp. was more abundant in the dry season whereas B.
 lateralis was more common in the wet season. Fruit production on
 monitored trees increased significantly after the parasitoids
 became effective.
 
 
 45                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QD415.A1J6 Biological evidence of an oviposition-deterring
 pheromone in Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. (Lepidoptera,
 Tortricidae).
 Gabel, B.; Thiery, D.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992 Mar.
 Journal of chemical ecology v. 18 (3): p. 353-358; 1992 Mar. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lobesia botrana; Oviposition deterring pheromones;
 Ova; Semiochemicals; Bioassays; Extracts; Oviposition; Inhibition;
 Insect control; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  Females of the European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana
 Den. et Schiff.) usually deposit isolated eggs on flowers and
 berries of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). We have investigated
 whether an epideictic pheromone could be present on the egg surface
 to explain this spacing behavior. About 21,000 eggs of L. botrana
 were washed in cold methanol, and the biological activity was
 tested in a two-choice bioassay offering treated and nontreated
 areas. Different dilutions of the extract were tested in methanol,
 which was inactive alone. At the dose of four egg equivalents per
 microliter of extract, the number of eggs laid by the L. botrana
 females was reduced by as much as 57% on the treated areas compared
 to nontreated areas. A longer-term suppression of oviposition (at
 least 24 hr) following an exposure to the extract occurred for two
 doses (0.6 and 4.0 eggs/microliter) of egg extract. Our results
 strongly suggest the occurrence of an oviposition-deterring
 pheromone (ODP) on the eggs of L. botrana. The ecological value of
 these results is discussed.
 
 
 46                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: QL461.I57 Biological methods of bruchid control in the
 tropics: a review. Huis, A. van
 Nairobi, Kenya : ICIPE Science Press; 1991 Jun.
 Insect science and its application v. 12 (1/3): p. 87-102; 1991
 Jun. Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Legumes; Stored products; Bruchidae; Biological
 control; Cultural control; Genetic control; Integrated pest
 management; Physical control; Varietal resistance; Literature
 reviews; Tropics
 
 Abstract:  Bruchid beetles cause high losses of stored legumes in
 the tropics. Chemical control is inappropriate for the small scale
 farmer and the use of alternative measures should be encouraged.
 Different biological methods of control such as cultural, physical,
 varietal, biological, biorational and genetic control are reviewed.
 Cultural control techniques such as timely and frequent harvesting,
 legumes planted away from granaries, crop hygiene and storage in
 pods, are within the technical and financial means of the small
 scale farmer. The use of inert substances, vegetable oils and
 repellent plants may be cheap and effective if properly managed.
 The use of controlled atmosphere, vacuum, heating, cooling and
 sterilizing, requires relatively advanced techniques. Growth
 regulators and pheromones are currently not available for control.
 Varieties resistant to bruchids have been identified, but
 incorporation of resistance into suitable varieties has proven to
 be difficult. Biological control of bruchids should receive more
 attention in particular research on the introduction and
 conservation of natural enemies. To effectively implement control
 measures at farmer's level socio-economic and cultural aspects
 should be taken into account. Proven appropriate techniques should
 be combined in an overall integrated pest management strategy.
 
 
 47                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: SB476.G7 Biological turf disease control.
 Burpee, L.
 Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1991 Apr.
 Grounds maintenance v. 26 (4): p. 44, 78, 80; 1991 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Plant disease control; Biological
 control
 
 
 48                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: S481.R4 Biology and natural enemies of the fruit-piercing moth
 Othreis fullonia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Guam.
 Denton, G.R.W.; Muniappan, R.; Marutani, M.; McConnell, J.; Lali,
 T.S. Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
 Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
 Service (134): p. 150-154; 1991 Dec.  Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
 Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Guam; Fruit crops; Eudocima fullonia; Biological
 control; Parasites of insect pests; Introduced species
 
 
 49                                              NAL Call. No.:
 SB945.F8F7 1989 Biotechnical methods for the fruit fly control.
 Delrio, G.
 Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
 Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
 Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
 International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
 Cavalloro. p. 359-372; 1989. (EUR).  Literature review.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tephritidae; Biotechnology; Integrated pest
 management; Plant pests; Literature reviews
 
 
 50                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 SB950.A1I66 Botanical pesticides in Africa.
 Grossman, J.
 Berkeley, Calif. : Bio-Integral Resource Center; 1993 Jan.
 The IPM practitioner v. 15 (1): p. 1-9; 1993 Jan.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Africa; Botanical insecticides; Integrated pest
 management; Pyrethrins; Eugenol; Pesticides; Environmental impact;
 Citral; Intercropping; Fungicides; Herbicides; International
 organizations; Sustainability
 
 
 51                                                NAL Call. No.:
 SB950.2.A1J58 Can we maintain turf without synthetic chemicals?.
 Cook, T.
 Eugene, Or. : The Coalition; 1992.
 Journal of pesticide reform : a publication of the Northwest
 Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides v. 12 (2): p. 26-30; 1992. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Weed control; Chemical control;
 Fertilizers; Biological control
 
 
 52                                                 NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.N6N62 Carolina lawns.
 Bruneau, A.H.; Lewis, W.M.; Lucas, L.T.; Brandenburg, R.L.; Baird,
 J.V.; Powell, M.A.; DiPaola, J.M.; Peacock, C.; White, R.
 Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 Apr.
 AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina
 State University v.): 14 p.; 1992 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Lawns and turf; Site preparation;
 Grasses; Fertilizers; Planting; Irrigation; Mowing; Integrated pest
 management
 
 
 53                                               NAL Call. No.:
 SB433.34.V8V47 Changes in the lawn care industry.
 Roche, J.
 Blacksburg, Va. : Virginia Cooperative Extension Service; 1991 Dec.
 Proceedings - Virginia Turfgrass Landscape Conference (31st): p.
 33-37; 1991 Dec.  Meeting held on January 14-17, 1991, Richmond,
 Virginia.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Virginia; Lawns and turf; Legislation; Environmental
 protection; Integrated pest management
 
 
 54                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Characterization of postharvest biological control of
 deciduous fruit diseases by Crytococcus spp.
 Roberts, R.G.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 37-48; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tree fruits; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
 Cryptococcus laurentii; Cryptococcus (deuteromycotina);
 Cryptococcus albidus
 
 
 55                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 448.3 AP5 Characterization of two genes encoding Bacillus
 thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins toxin to Coleoptera
 species.
 Donovan, W.P.; Rupar, M.J.; Slaney, A.C.; Malvar, T.; Gawron-Burke,
 M.C.; Johnson, T.B.
 Washington, D.C. : American Society f Microbiology; 1992 Dec.
 Applied and environmental microbiology v. 58 (12): p. 3921-3927;
 1992 Dec. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Bacillus thuringiensis; Strains; Genes; Proteins;
 Toxicity; Nucleotide sequences; Amino acid sequences; Coleoptera;
 Biological control; Entomopathogenic bacteria
 
 Abstract:  Bacillus thuringiensis EG2838 and EG4961 are highly
 toxic to Colorado potato beetle larvae, and only strain EG4961 is
 toxic to southern corn rootworm larvae. To investigate the cause of
 the different insecticidal activities of EG2838 and EG4961, cryIII-
 type genes toxic to coleopterans were cloned from each strain. The
 cryIIIB gene, cloned as part of an 8.0-kb EcoRI fragment of EC2838
 DNA, encoded a crystal protein (CryIIIB) of 74,237 Da. The cryIIIB2
 gene, cloned as part of an 8.3-kb PstI-Asp718 fragment of EG4961
 DNA, encoded a crystal protein (CryIIIB2) of 74,393 Da that was 94%
 identical to CryIIIB. Analysis of the transcriptional start sites
 showed that cryIIIB and cryIIIB2 were initiated from a conserved
 region located within 130 nucleotides upstream from the translation
 start sites of both genes. Although the CryIIIB and CryIIIB2
 proteins were similar in sequence, they displayed distinct
 insecticidal activities: CryIIIB was one-third as toxic as CryIIIB2
 to Colorado potato beetle larvae, and CryIIIB2, but not CryIIIB,
 was toxic to southern corn rootworm larvae. Genes encoding crystal
 proteins of approximately 32 and 31 kDa were located adjacent to
 the cryIIIB and cryIIIB2 genes, respectively. The 32- and 31-kDa
 crystal proteins failed to enhance the insecticidal activities of
 CryIIIB and CryIIIB2.
 
 
 56                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QD415.A1J6 Chemical characterization of fruit and fungal volatiles
 attractive to dried-fruit beetle, Carpophilus hemipterus (L.)
 (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Phelan, P.L.; Lin, H.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Jun.
 Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (6): p. 1253-1272; 1991 Jun. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Carpophilus hemipterus; Searching behavior; Bioassays;
 Insect traps; Bananas; Chemical composition; Volatile compounds;
 Fungi; Wind tunnels; Insect control; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  The chemical basis underlying orientation to fruit and
 fungal odors was investigated for the dried-fruit beetle,
 Carpophilus hemipterus (L.). in wind-tunnel bioassays of walking
 and flight response from 1.8 m, beetles were attracted to odors of
 the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on agar, aseptic banana, or
 banana inoculated with S. cerevisiae, although both banana
 substrates elicited greater response than the yeast alone. When
 presented in a two-choice bioassay, the yeast-inoculated banana
 attracted approximately twice as many beetles as did the aseptic
 banana. GC-MS analysis of the head-space volatiles above these odor
 sources revealed a somewhat more complex and concentrated volatile
 profile for yeast-inoculated banana than for aseptic banana. The
 odor from yeast on agar had fewer components, and these were
 present at lower concentrations than the odors of either banana
 substrate. By blending mineral-oil or aqueous solutions of the 18
 components of inoculated-banana odor in varying concentrations, it
 was possible to mimic closely the headspace profile of the natural
 odor. This synthetic odor also elicited beetle attraction in the
 wind tunnel at levels comparable to the inoculated banana. Through
 a series of bioassays in which individual components were
 subtracted from or added to a synthetic odor blend, it was
 determined that ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, 2-pentanol, and 3-
 methylbutanol comprised the simplest blend of compounds evoking
 full behavioral response. However, 2-methylpropanol or butanol were
 apparently interchangeable with 3-methylbutanol in this blend, and
 comparable response could also be elicited by replacing
 acetaldehyde with a combination of both 2-pentanone and 3-
 hydroxy-2-butanone. Thus, our results suggest that this generalist
 insect herbivore locates its host by a long-range response to a
 variety of blends of common fruit volatiles, whose concentrations
 are enhanced by fungi.
 
 
 57                                                 NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.N7N45 Chinese wasp offers first biological control of corn's
 worst enemy. Holder, W.
 Belmont, N.Y. : Cooperative Extension Association of Allegany
 County; 1992 May. News and views v. 77 (4): p. 4; 1992 May.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New York; Zea mays; Ostrinia nubilalis; Trichogramma
 ostriniae; Pest control; Integrated pest management
 
 
 58                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB379.A9A9 Citrus bud mite.
 Phillips, P.A.
 Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
 1993 Feb. California grower v. 17 (2): p. 26-28; 1993 Feb.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Citrus limon; Aceria sheldoni; Mite
 control; Pesticides; Biological control; Crop damage; Field tests;
 Abscission; Crop yield; Crop quality; Buds; Sampling; Cost benefit
 analysis
 
 
 59                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB379.A9A9 Citrus IMP--it works!.
 Luck, R.F.; Morse, J.G.; Haney, P.B.; Griffiths, H.J.; Barcinas,
 J.M.; Roberts, T.J.; Grafton-Cardwell, E.E.; O'Connell, N.V.
 Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
 1992 Apr. California grower v. 16 (4): p. 25-27; 1992 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Citrus; Citrus fruits; Integrated pest
 management; Insect pests; Insect control; Pesticides
 
 
 60                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
 consumption of foliage treated with Bacillus thuringiensis var. san
 diego and various feeding stimulants.
 Hough-Goldstein, J.; Tisler, A.M.; Zehnder, G.W.; Uyeda, K.A.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Feb.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (1): p. 87-93; 1991 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Delaware; Virginia; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
 decemlineata; Feeding behavior; Phagostimulants; Bacillus
 thuringiensis; Biological control agents; Field tests; Laboratory
 tests
 
 Abstract:  Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say),
 larvae and adults were not behaviorally deterred from, and in some
 cases may have been stimulated to increase, feeding initially by
 the presence of M-One (Bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego) on
 foliage. However, consumption of M-One caused a decrease in
 subsequent consumption even of untreated foliage. Although certain
 feeding stimulants including sucrose, Coax, Entice, and a mixture
 of sucrose, amino acids, chlorogenic acid, and vegetable lecithin
 all stimulated feeding on foliage in laboratory tests either with
 or without M-One, this increased consumption did not increase
 subsequent mortality due to M-One. In a field experiment, increased
 consumption may have occurred where M-One was combined with Entice,
 but not to an extent sufficient to cause mortality greater than
 that on M-One alone.
 
 
 61                                                 NAL Call. No.:
 275.29 OK41C Commercial greenhouse pests.
 Schnelle, M.A.; Dole, J.M.; Pinkston, K.N.; Arnold, D.C.
 Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Circular E - Oklahoma State University, Cooperative Extension
 Service (909): 8 p.; 1991 Dec.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Greenhouse culture; Pests; Insects; Insect pests;
 Integrated pest management
 
 
 62                                                NAL Call. No.:
 275.29 N272EX A common sense approach to turfgrass insect damage
 prevention and control. Bruneau, A.H.; Bishop, D.; Shearman, R.C.;
 Rosellle, R.E.
 Lincoln, Neb. : The Service; 1981 Feb.
 EC - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Nebraska
 (81-1238): 34 p.; 1981 Feb.  In Subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Grasses; Integrated pest management;
 Insect control
 
 
 63                                        NAL Call. No.:
 Videocassette no.1177 Common sense pest control for the home &
 garden..  Common sense pest control Bio Integral Resource Center
 (Berkeley, Calif.)
 Berkeley, CA : Distributed by Bio Integral Resource Center, [198-
 ?]; 1980-1989.
 1 videocassette (11 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  "Slide to tape
 transfer"--Container.  Title on container: Common sense pest
 control.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pesticides; Pests; Garden pests
 
 Abstract:  Presents and discusses the components of an integrated
 pest management program for homes and gardens such as when, where,
 and how to look for pests in a garden and how to control them using
 alternatives to pesticides as well as safely using pesticides.
 
 
 64                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 442.8 AN72 Comparative effects of Steinernema feltiae (Nematoda:
 Steinernematidae) and insecticides on yield and cropping of the
 mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Grewal, P.S.; Richardson, P.N.;
 Collins, G.; Edmondson, R.N. Warwick : Association of Applied
 Biologists; 1992 Dec.
 Annals of applied biology v. 121 (3): p. 511-520; 1992 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Agaricus bisporus; Lycoriella auripila; Neoaplectana
 feltiae; Parasites of insect pests; Biological control; Diazinon;
 Diflubenzuron; Application rates; Casing; Phytotoxicity; Fungal
 morphology; Crop quality; Crop yield; Yield losses
 
 
 65                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Compatibility of biocontrol agents with present
 processing technology. Spotts, R.A.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 214-217; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Postharvest decay; Biological control; Food processing
 
 
 66                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: 80 AC82 A computer aid for decision-making in apple pest
 management. Haley, S.; Currans, K.G.; Croft, B.A.
 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
 Jul. Acta horticulturae (276): p. 27-34; 1990 Jul.  Paper presented
 at the "Second International Symposium on Computer Modelling in
 Fruit Research and Orchard Management," September 5-8, 1989, Logan,
 Utah.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North America; Apples; Pest management; Expert systems
 
 Abstract:  Our computer program is designed to help tree fruit pest
 managers make decisions on management of three major apple pests in
 western North America, codling moth, San Jose scale and
 phytophagous mites. The program operates on an IBM-compatible
 microcomputer and uses commercial expert system, database
 management and spreadsheet software. The system has three major
 components: DIAGNOSE, IDENTIFY and MANAGE. DIAGNOSE identifies
 pests from the injury they cause on buds, fruit, leaves or bark.
 IDENTIFY determines names of arthropod pests and their common
 natural enemies found on trees or fruit or in pheromone traps.
 MANAGE, the largest module, calculates the net benefit of a
 pesticide application. Submodels predict crop value, pest damage,
 control efficacy and control costs. Pest damage predictions are
 based on empirical models for codling moth and mites and on an
 expert estimate for scale. Efficacies of pesticides are estimated
 by experienced researchers. The program predicts the combined value
 at harvest of damage from accumulated populations of those pests
 selected by the user. Then a list of appropriate pesticides is
 presented. Next, the net benefit of an application of the user's
 choice of pesticide is calculated. Finally, the user may
 graphically compare side effects of the pesticide selected with
 those of alternative pesticides. Side effects include toxicities to
 other pests, applicator hazard, bee toxicity, toxicity to western
 predator mite and risk of resistance development.
 
 
 67                                               NAL Call. No.:
 SB950.S83 1993 Consumer influences on pest control strategies for
 fruits and vegetables. Cartwright, B.; Collins, J.K.; Cuperus, G.W.
 Boca Raton, Fla. : Lewis Publishers; 1993.
 Successful implementation of integrated pest management for
 agricultural crops / edited by Anne R. Leslie, Gerrit W. Cuperus.
 p. 151-170; 1993.  Paper presented at the National Forum on
 Agricultural IPM held June 17-19, 1992 in Arlington, VA., organized
 by the Environmental Chemistry Division, American Chemical Society. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Fruit crops; Vegetables; Pest control; Control
 programs; Consumer attitudes
 
 
 68                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Control of army cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
 affects wheat yields. Bauernfeind, R.J.; Wilde, G.E.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (1): p. 159-163; 1993 Feb. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Kansas; Triticum; Euxoa auxiliaris; Biological
 control; Bacillus thuringiensis; Insect control; Mortality;
 Pyrethroid insecticides; Crop yield
 
 Abstract:  Several pyrethroid insecticides provided nearly 100%
 mortality of army cutworm, Euxoa auxiliaris (Grote), populations
 under field conditions in central Kansas. Performances of
 endosulfan and chlorpyrifos were variable, but they displayed
 adequate insecticidal activity against army cutworms. Bacillus
 thuringiensis var. kurstaki, carbofuran, ethyl parathion,
 malathion, and methyl parathion did not provide satisfactory
 control. Variation in vegetative growth and eventual wheat yields
 were not caused solely by larval populations of army cutworms.
 Moisture availability favoring vigorous plant growth was an
 important factor for plants to withstand army cutworm feeding. Use
 of insecticides to control army cutworms was found to be of
 variable profitability depending on the circumstances.
 
 
 69                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 1.9 P69P Control of green mold of lemons with Pseudomonas
 species.
 Smilanick, J.L.; Denis-Arrue, R.
 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 May.
 Plant disease v. 76 (5): p. 481-485; 1992 May.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lemons; Penicillium digitatum; Plant pathogenic fungi;
 Postharvest decay; Biological control; Pseudomonas cepacia;
 Antibiotics; Biosynthesis; Antifungal properties
 
 
 70                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 442.8 AN72 Control of potato cyst nematode (Globodera pallida) by
 host plant resistance and nematicide.
 Gurr, G.M.
 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Aug.
 Annals of applied biology v. 121 (1): p. 167-173; 1992 Aug. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: England; Solanum tuberosum; Cultivars; Clones;
 Globodera pallida; Aldicarb; Varietal susceptibility; Varietal
 resistance; Host parasite relationships; Nematode control;
 Integrated pest management
 
 
 71                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Control of powdery mildews in cucumber and rose by
 Stephanoascus spp. Jarvis, W.R.; Belanger, R.R.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 86-99; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cucumbers; Roses; Postharvest decay; Sphaerotheca
 fuliginea; Sphaerotheca pannosa; Biological control; Ascomycetes
 
 
 72                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 1.9 P69P Control of storage rots on various pear cultivars
 with saprophytic strain of Pseudomonas syringae.
 Janisiewicz, W.J.; Marchi, A.
 St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Jun.
 Plant disease v. 76 (6): p. 555-560; 1992 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pears; Cultivars; Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium
 expansum; Fruit rots; Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans; Fungal
 antagonists; Saprophytes; Biological control agents; Fungus
 control; Storage decay; Injuries; Temperature; Storage dips;
 Inoculum density; Varietal reactions; Virulence; Incidence;
 Lesions; Temporal variation; Population density
 
 
 73                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB379.A9A9 Cover crops.
 McMullin, E.
 Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
 1992 Apr. California grower v. 16 (9): p. 43-44; 1992 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Citrus oblonga; Cover crops; Biological
 control; Cold injury; Transpiration; Soil texture; Nitrogen; Weed
 control; Cost benefit analysis; Water requirements; Erosion
 control; Irrigation systems
 
 
 74                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Degree-day model for vegetable leafminer (Diptera:
 Agromyzidae) phenology. Petitt, F.L.; Allen, J.C.; Barfield, C.S.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Aug.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (4): p. 1134-1140; 1991 Aug. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Phaseolus lunatus; Liriomyza sativae; Biological
 development; Temperature; Heat sums; Phenology; Models
 
 Abstract:  The lack of data on temperature-dependent development of
 instars of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard is an impediment to research
 on biological control of this pest because parasitoids will likely
 interact differently with each instar. In this study, development
 times of eggs and instars of L. sativae were determined at constant
 temperatures of 20, 25, 30, and 35 +/- 1 degree C on Phaseolus
 lunatus L. 'Henderson'. Development rates of eggs and larvae
 increased linearly with temperature up to 35 degrees C (r2 greater
 than or equal to 0.95). More than 91% of the variation in
 development rate of first and second instars was explained by
 temperature, whereas temperature explained only 42% of the
 variation in third-instar development rate. A part of the variation
 in development rate of third instars may be explained by the fact
 that the designated end point of this stadium (emergence of third
 instars from leaves) occurred only during the photophase, Overall,
 99.9% of larvae emerged from leaves after 95 degree-days (DD)
 (threshold temperature, 10 degrees C). When the constant
 temperature data were used to parameterize a stochastic phenology
 model for L. sativae, the model predicted that 50% of the
 population would advance beyond the egg and first-, second-, and
 third-instar stages by 39.2, 67.0, 85.5, and 101.2 DD,
 respectively. The model predicted peak proportions of the
 population to be in first, second, and third stadia at 52.7, 76.1,
 and 93.2 DD. Pooled data from two fluctuating temperature
 experiments resulted in very similar estimates of timing of peak
 stage proportions (51.3, 74.4, and 94.1 DD, respectively). Degree-
 day values at peak stage proportions were used successfully to
 determine the temperatures required to advance members of a cohort
 to a particular stadium at a given time, thereby facilitating
 experiments examining interactions of parasitoids with each larval
 instar.
 
 
 75                                              NAL Call. No.:
 SB945.F8F7 1989 Demography and life tables of fruit flies.
 Kapatos, E.T.
 Rotterdam : Published for the Commission of the European
 Communities by A.A. Balkema; 1989.
 Fruit flies of economic importance 87 : proceedings of the CEC/IOBC
 International Symposium, Rome 7-10, April 1987 / edited by R.
 Cavalloro. p. 15-23; 1989. (EUR).  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Bactrocera oleae; Rhagoletis cerasi; Rhagoletis
 pomonella; Demography; Ecology; Integrated pest management; Life
 tables; Problem analysis; Survival
 
 
 76                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: S601.A34 Determining optimal clearing treatments for the alien
 invasive shrub Acacia saligna in southwestern Cape, South Africa.
 Macdonald, I.A.W.; Wissel, C.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Apr.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 39 (3/4): p. 169-186;
 1992 Apr. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South  Africa; Acacia saligna; Non-crop weed control;
 Scrub control; Chemical vs. cultural weed control; Manual weed
 control; Arboricides; Glyphosate; Triclopyr; Population density;
 Stand density; Integrated control; Cutting; Coppice; Coppicing;
 Fire; Survival; Labor costs; Operating costs; Probabilistic models
 
 
 77                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 464.8 AN72 Development, implementation, and adoption of expert
 systems in plant pathology.
 Travis, J.W.; Latin, R.X.
 Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews, Inc; 1991.
 Annual review of phytopathology v. 29: p. 343-360; 1991. 
 Literature review. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Plant pathology; Plant protection; Integrated pest
 management; Decision making; Computer software; Expert systems;
 Literature reviews; Disease models
 
 
 78                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB387.V572 Development of an IPM program for Florida grapes: a
 beginning. Webb, S.E.
 Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida A&M University, Center for Viticultural
 Science and Small Farm; 1991.
 Proceedings of the Florida Grape Conference. p. 21-23; 1991. 
 Meeting held October 25-26, 1991, Ocala, Florida.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Florida; Vineyards; Vitis; Vitacea polistiformis;
 Integrated pest management
 
 
 79                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: SB951.P47 Development of integrated crop protection in
 glasshouse ornamentals. Fransen, J.J.
 Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
 Pesticide science v. 36 (4): p. 329-333; 1992.  Paper presented at
 the symposium "Integrated Control of Pests and Diseases in
 Protected Crops and Greenhouses," May 19-20, 1992, Noordwijkerhout,
 The Netherlands.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Netherlands; Ornamental plants; Greenhouse culture;
 Integrated control; Plant protection; Disease control; Natural
 enemies; Pesticides; Pest resistance; Insect pests; Research;
 Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  The production of glasshouse ornamentals in the
 Netherlands occupies an area of 5278 ha. The total production value
 is 5.76 billion Dutch guilders. A characteristic of the Dutch
 ornamental industry is the wide range of products. About 110
 species of cut flower and 300 species of pot plant are grown.
 Reduction of pesticide use can be achieved by the development of
 alternative and additional methods, like the use of monitoring
 techniques, natural enemies, host-plant resistance and closed
 systems. Information is presented referring to developments in
 research, extension and practical application of these methods.
 
 
 80                                                      NAL Call.
 No.: 421 B87 Developmental studies on Anagyrus mangicola
 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the mealybug
 Rastrococcus invadens (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Cross, A.E.;
 Moore, D.
 London : Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International; 1992 Sep.
 Bulletin of entomological research v. 82 (3): p. 307-312; 1992 Sep. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: West  Africa; Fruit crops; Ornamental woody plants;
 Rastrococcus invadens; Biological control; Anagyrus; Parasites of
 insect pests
 
 
 81                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: SB925.B5 Distribution and biological control significance of
 Colorado potato beetle spiroplasmas in North America.
 Hackett, K.J.; Henegar, R.B.; Whitcomb, R.F.; Lynn, D.E.; Konal,
 M.; Schroder, R.F.; Gasparich, G.E.; Vaughn, J.L.; Cantelo, W.W.
 Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Sep.
 Biological control v. 2 (3): p. 218-225; 1992 Sep.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Leptinotarsa;
 Chrysomelidae; Spiroplasma; Species diversity; Geographical
 distribution; Culture media; Adaptation; Biological control agents
 
 
 82                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 SB950.A1P3 Distribution, biology, ecology and management of potato
 tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera:
 Gelechiidae): a review. Trivedi, T.P.; Rajagopal, D.
 London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Jul.
 Tropical pest management v. 38 (3): p. 279-285; 1992 Jul. 
 Literature review. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: India; Solanum tuberosum; Tubers; Crop damage;
 Phthorimaea operculella; Biology; Ecology; Biological control;
 Chemical control; Parasites of insect pests; Literature reviews
 
 
 83                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Diversity and abundance of oriental fruit fly
 parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in guava orchards in Kauai,
 Hawaii.
 Stark, J.D.; Vargas, R.I.; Thalman, R.K.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (5): p. 1460-1467; 1991 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Psidium guajava; Bactrocera dorsalis;
 Biological control; Incidence; Biosteres; Biosteres arisanus;
 Biosteres longicaudatus; Opius; Parasites of insect pests;
 Population dynamics; Sex ratio; Diversity; Crop yield
 
 Abstract:  Abundance of oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel,
 and associated parasitoids was determined in a commercial guava,
 Psidium guajava L., orchard by canopy fogging and fruit collections
 during 1988 and 1989. D. dorsalis populations reached a maximum of
 2.6 adults per tree in 1988 and 1.4 adults per tree in 1989. Four
 parasitoid species were recovered from guava tree canopies;
 Biosteres arisanus (Sonan) was the most abundant species, followed
 by Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), Psyttalia incisi
 (Silvestri), and Biosteres vandenboschi (Fullaway), respectively.
 D. dorsaits and parasitoids recovered from guava canopies exhibited
 different sex ratios from populations that emerged from fruit
 samples. Abundance gf D. dorsalis and its parasitoids was
 correlated with the number of ripe fruit present in the orchard.
 Parasitoid abundance was correlated with D. dorsalis abundance in
 1988. Diversity and abundance of parasitoids estimated from canopy
 fogging and fruit collections differed.
 
 
 84                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.N7S3 Do you have grubby turf?.
 Grant, J.A.
 Canton, N.Y. : Agricultural Division, St. Lawrence County
 Cooperative Extension Association; 1992 Jul.
 St. Lawrence County agricultural news v. 76: p. 8-9; 1992 Jul.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New York; Lawns and turf; Coleoptera; Larvae; Pest
 control; Biological control agents; Pesticides
 
 
 85                     NAL Call. No.: HD1751.A1S73 no.SP92-1U100
 F637fs SP92-1 Economic feasibility of the biological control of the
 sweet potato whitefly. Nubern, Chris; Kilmer, Richard L.
 Gainesville : Food and Resource Economics Dept., Institute of Food
 and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,; 1992.
 27 p. ; 28 cm. (Staff paper (University of Florida. Food and
 Resource Economics Dept.) ; SP 92-1.).  January 1992.  Includes
 bibliographical references (p. 26-27).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sweet potatoes; Agricultural pests
 
 
 86                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Effect of citrus bud mite (Acari: Eriophyidae) on
 lemon yields. Walker, G.P.; Voulgaropoulos, A.L.; Phillips, P.A.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Aug.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (4): p. 1318-1329; 1992 Aug. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Citrus limon; Aceria sheldoni; Crop
 quality; Crop yield; Economic thresholds; Integrated pest
 management
 
 Abstract:  The effect of high population densities of citrus bud
 mite, Aceria sheldoni (Ewing), on the quantity and quality of lemon
 yields was studied for 4 yr in four commercial groves in coastal
 southern California. There were two treatments in each grove:
 treated plots where bud mite was suppressed with acaricide
 treatments whenever infestation levels increased markedly, and
 untreated plots where bud mite was not controlled. Average
 percentage of axillary buds infested with citrus bud mite was 7-15%
 in treated plots and 45-70% in untreated plots over the 4-yr
 period. Citrus bud mite feeding results in distortion of fruit
 shape which can result in commercial downgrading. Citrus bud mite
 control significantly reduced fruit distortion in all four groves
 and significantly improved commercial packout in three of the four
 groves. However, significantly less distortion in fruit was not
 detected in treated trees until harvests greater than or equal to
 10-13 mo after the initial acaricide treatment (lemons in coastal
 California are harvested three or four times per year). This
 supports the hypothesis that distortion in fruit is caused by
 citrus bud mite feeding on embryonic fruit tissue in the buds; once
 fruit set, they are unaffected by further citrus bud mite feeding.
 Up to 21 mo after the first acaricide treatments, the cumulative
 yield did not differ significantly between treated and untreated
 plots. In two of the four groves, in the eight harvests between 24
 and 48 mo after the first acaricide treatments, the cumulative
 yield was often significantly greater (9-13% greater) from treated
 than from untreated trees. The other two groves showed no
 significant differences in cumulative yield between treated and
 untreated trees up to the time of the last harvest (28 and 49 mo
 after the first acaricide treatment). In two groves, economic loss
 justified the cost of bud mite suppression, and in two groves, the
 cost of suppression exceeded the economic benefit of suppression.
 
 
 87                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Effect of cyromazine and diazinon on three
 economically important Hawaiian tephritid fruit flies (Diptera:
 Tephritidae) and their endoparasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).
 Stark, J.D.; Vargas, R.I.; Messing, R.H.; Purcell, M.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1687-1694; 1992 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Bactrocera cucurbitae; Bactrocera dorsalis;
 Ceratitis capitata; Fecundity; Fertility; Progeny; Survival;
 Cyromazine; Diazinon; Braconidae; Parasites of insect pests
 
 Abstract:  Effects of cyromazine and diazinon on eclosion,
 longevity, and reproduction of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis
 capitata (Wiedemann); oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis
 (Hendel); and melon fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), were
 determined. Eclosion and longevity of the braconid endoparasitoids
 Psyttalia incisi (Silvestri), P. fletcheri (Silvestri),
 Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), and D. tryoni (Cameron) and
 the reproduction of D. longicaudata and D. tryoni that parasitized
 fruit flies exposed to cyromazine and diazinon were also
 determined. Formation of puparia was not affected by cyromazine but
 was affected by diazinon in a concentration-dependent manner at the
 concentrations tested. At LC50 B. dorsalis and B. cucurbitae were
 more susceptible to cyromazine than to diazinon; C. capitata was
 equally susceptible to both chemicals. Eclosion of endoparasitoids
 from diazinon-treated hosts was concentration-dependent, but
 parasitoid eclosion from cyromazine-treated hosts was not
 significantly different from that of controls. Fecundity and
 fertility of B. cucurbitae were significantly reduced in females
 that survived treatment with 0.5 ppm cyromazine. Production of F1
 progeny by D. tryoni that eclosed from flies exposed to 1.0 ppm
 diazinon was significantly reduced. Cyromazine had no impact on
 progeny production of either D. longicaudata or D. tryoni at the
 concentrations tested. Potential use of cyromazine in conjunction
 with biological control for fruit fly eradication and control
 programs is discussed.
 
 
 88                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Effect of host fruit species, size, and color on
 parasitization of Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) by
 Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).
 Leyva, J.L.; Browning, H.W.; Gilstrap, F.E.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1469-1471; 1991 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Citrus; Mangifera indica; Prunus persica; Anastrepha
 ludens; Braconidae; Fruit; Size; Color; Parasites of insect pests;
 Parasitoids; Biological control agents
 
 Abstract:  The effect of fruit species on parasitization of
 Anastrepha ludens (Loew) by Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead)
 was studied. The roles of fermenting fruit volatiles, size, and
 color in host habitat selection by this parasitoid also were
 investigated. The lowest percentage parasitism was recorded for
 larvae in grapefruit, Citrus paradisi Macf. On the other hand,
 grapefruit volatiles and size proved most attractive to D.
 longicaudata. Greater percentage parasitism was recorded for larvae
 in smaller and apparently less attractive fruit. The length of the
 parasitoid's ovipositor, depth of the fruit pulp, and host larval
 behavior could explain these contrasting results. Citrus volatiles
 attracted almost twice as many female parasitoids as volatiles of
 mango, Mangifera indica L., or peach, Prunus persica L. Fruit > 5
 cm in diameter were equally attractive to D. longicaudata.
 Selection of colors by D. longicaudata was not statistically
 different among colors tested.
 
 
 89                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Effect of parasitoids on lepidopterous pests in
 insecticide-treated and untreated tomatoes in western North
 Carolina.
 Campbell, C.D.; Walgenbach, J.F.; Kennedy, G.G.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (6): p. 1662-1667; 1991 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: North Carolina; Lycopersicon esculentum; Crop damage;
 Helicoverpa zea; Heliothis virescens; Manduca; Trichoplusia ni;
 Biological control; Bacillus thuringiensis; Parasites of insect
 pests; Trichogramma; Insecticidal action; Endosulfan; Methomyl
 
 Abstract:  Studies were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to identify the
 parastoid complex of lepidopterous pests of tomatoes in western
 North Carolina, and to assess the compatibility, of various
 insecticides with natural control of these pests. Trichogramma
 exiguum (Pinto & Platner) and T. pretiosum (Riley) were the primary
 egg parasitoids of Helicoverpa (= Heliothis) zea (Boddie) and
 Manduca spp. in 1988, whereas T. exiguum was the predominant
 species collected from H. zea and Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) in 1989.
 Parasitization of H. zea eggs on plants treated with endosulfan,
 methomyl, and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. kurstaki did not
 differ significantly from the untreated control. However, egg
 densities were higher in synthetic insecticide treatments
 presumably because of disruption of predators in these treatments.
 Despite the low toxicity of esfenvalerate to Trichogramma spp. in
 laboratory bioassays, parasitization of H. zea and Heliothis
 virescens (F.) eggs in the field was significantly reduced on
 esfenvalerate-treated tomatoes. This decreased level of
 parasitization was attributed to an avoidance by Trichogramma spp,
 to pyrethroid insecticides, which was previously reported. Under
 the relatively low-density lepidopterous populations observed in
 these studies, the efficacy of specific insecticides against H. zea
 and T. ni was more important in preventing damage than the level of
 parasitization of these pests, because the treatment with the
 lowest level of parasitization (esfenvalerate + B. thuringiensis)
 had the lowest levels of fruit damage in both years.
 
 
 90                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: SB925.B5 Effect of potting media on the control of
 Otiorhynchus sulcatus larvae on outdoor strawberry plants using the
 entomogenous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae.
 Moorhouse, E.R.; Gillespie, A.T.; Charnley, A.K.
 Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Sep.
 Biological control v. 2 (3): p. 238-243; 1992 Sep.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Fragaria; Otiorhynchus sulcatus; Metarhizium
 anisopliae; Strains; Growing media; Biological control
 
 
 91                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Effect of ripeness and location of papaya fruits on the
 parasitization rates of oriental fruit fly and melon fly (Diptera:
 Tephritidae) by braconid (Hymenoptera) parasitoids.
 Liquido, N.J.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (6): p. 1732-1736; 1991 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Carica papaya; Bactrocera dorsalis; Bactrocera
 cucurbitae; Parasitoids; Biological control agents
 
 Abstract:  Parasitization rates of eggs of oriental fruit fly,
 Dacus dorsalis Hendel, by Biosteres arisanus (Sonan), and larvae of
 melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, by Psytallia fletcheri
 (Silvestri) in mature green to fully ripe papaya fruits on trees
 and in fully ripe fruits on the ground was studied. Parasitization
 of oriental fruit fly eggs by B. arisanus was greater in fully ripe
 fruits than in one-quarter to half-ripe fruits on trees; B.
 arisanus never parasitized oriental fruit fly eggs in mature green
 to color-break fruits. No difference was observed in the density of
 emergent B. arisanus adults from oriental fruit fly pupae recovered
 from fully ripe fruits on trees and on the ground. Parasitization
 of melon fly larvae by P. fletcheri was observed in only one fully
 ripe, fallen fruit. Results in relation to the effect of host
 plants on the foraging behavior of adult parasitoids and to the
 biological control of oriental fruit fly and melon fly in an
 agricultural ecosystem were discussed.
 
 
 92                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QD415.A1J6 Effect of trichome B exudate of Solanum berthaultii
 Hawkes on consumption by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
 decemlineata (Say). Pelletier, Y.; Smilowitz, Z.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1990 May.
 Journal of chemical ecology v. 16 (5): p. 1547-1555; 1990 May. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Solanum berthaultii; Trichomes; Leptinotarsa
 decemlineata; Plant composition; Antifeedants; Pest resistance;
 Insect control; Biological control
 
 Abstract:  The leaf extract from S. berthaultii Hawkes (PI473340)
 contains exudate from trichomes (type B). Consumption of S.
 tuberosum var. Norchip foliage by the Colorado potato beetle
 Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) was reduced when treated with the
 leaf extract. The leaf extract from a resistant S. berthaultii
 clone without type B trichome had no antifeedant activity. It
 suggests that more than one mechanism of resistance to the Colorado
 potato beetle exists in S. berthaultii.
 
 
 93                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 100 C12CAG Effect on yield from shaking almond trees for mummy nut
 removal. Sibbett, G.S.; Curtis, C.E.; Gerdts, M.; Clark, J.D.
 Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
 University of California; 1983 Jul.
 California agriculture v. 37 (7/8): p. 20; 1983 Jul.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Prunus dulcis; Amyelois transitella;
 Integrated control; Tree shakers; Crop yield
 
 
 94                                                 NAL Call. No.:
 275.29 M36FA Effective lawn care with reduced pesticide and
 fertilizer use. Turner, T.R.; Hellman, J.L.
 College Park, Md. : The Service; 1991-1992.
 Fact sheet - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Maryland
 (637): 7 p.; 1991-1992.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Maryland; Lawns and turf; Site selection; Site
 preparation; Cultivars; Insect pests; Biological control;
 Fertilizers; Mowing; Grass clippings; Thatch; Irrigation; Disease
 control; Weed control
 
 
 95                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J828 Effectiveness of selected granular acaricide
 formulations in suppressing populations of Ixodes dammini (Acari:
 Ixodidae): short-term control of nymphs and larvae.
 Schulze, T.L.; Taylor, G.C.; Jordan, R.A.; Bosler, E.M.; Shisler,
 J.K. Lanham, Md. : The Entomological Society of America; 1991 Sep.
 Journal of medical entomology v. 28 (5): p. 624-629; 1991 Sep. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: New Jersey; Ixodes dammini; Larvae; Nymphs; Population
 density; Acaricides; Application methods; Granules; Incidence;
 Insect traps; Lyme disease; Mice
 
 Abstract:  Applications of selected granular acaricide formulations
 to the shrub layer of forested habitats during the peak activity
 periods of Ixodes dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin
 nymphs and larvae significantly reduced the abundance of these
 stages on Peromyscus leucopus. The granules effectively penetrated
 growing vegetation and suppressed populations of subadult ticks
 questing in the leaf litter. The use of granular acaricide
 formulations provides the only documented method of control of
 free-living I. dammini nymphs and larvae in dense vegetation. As
 such, this technique will serve as a major component of any
 integrated control program against this vector tick species.
 
 
 96                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 442.8 AN72 The effects of deep cultivation and oxamyl on control of
 potato cyst-nematode, Globodera rostochiensis.
 Whitehead, A.G.; Nichols, A.J.F.
 Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 Feb.
 Annals of applied biology v. 120 (1): p. 65-72; 1992 Feb.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Uk; Solanum tuberosum; Cultivars; Globodera
 rostochiensis; Oxamyl; Deep tillage; Soil compaction; Sandy loam
 soils; Integrated control; Tubers; Crop yield
 
 
 97                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: S601.A34 Effects of different components of IPM in the
 management of the potato tuber moth, in storage.
 Das, G.P.; Magallona, E.D.; Raman, K.V.; Adalla, C.B.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Sep.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 41 (3/4): p. 321-325;
 1992 Sep. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Potatoes; Cultivars; Phthorimaea operculella; Insect
 pests; Stored products pests; Integrated pest management;
 Integrated control; Granulosis viruses; Deltamethrin; Bacillus
 thuringiensis; Lantana camara; Infestation; Varietal resistance
 
 
 98                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Effects of environment and nutrition on conidium
 germination and appressorium formation by Zoophthora radicans,
 (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales): A pathogen of the potato
 leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
 Magalhaes, B.P.; Humber, R.A.; Shields, E.J.; Roberts, D.W. Lanham,
 Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
 Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1460-1468; 1991 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Empoasca; Erynia radicans; Conidia; Germination;
 Appressoria; Temperature; Ph; Culture media; Biological control
 agents
 
 Abstract:  Conidium germination and differentiation of Zoophthora
 radicans on water agar were investigated to identify requirements
 for the production of appressoria, the structures needed for
 virulence. Appressorium formation was more sensitive to
 environmental and nutritional changes than was conidium
 germination. Temperature affected both formation of germ tubes and
 appressoria, and the best temperature-nutrient interaction was
 found for appressorium formation at 25-30 degrees C and 1% yeast
 extract. At 15 degrees C, conidium germination was depressed
 independent of the nutrient concentration, and appressoria did not
 form. The volume of liquid overlaying the conidia and the yeast
 extract concentration individually affected appressorium formation.
 The best interaction between the volume of liquid and yeast extract
 concentration was the combination of a large volume of liquid
 medium (3 ml/962 mm2 surface area) and 1% yeast extract. Of the 12
 nitrogen sources tested, the best for germination and appressorium
 formation were yeast extract and Bacto-Soytone. Glucose, maltose,
 and starch were the best of the 12 carbon sources tested.
 Increasing osmotic pressure caused by different concentrations of
 maltose and polyethylene glycol adversely affected formation of
 germ tubes and appressoria. Subculturing did not affect formation
 of germ tubes, but the frequency of appressorium formation
 decreased after 12 transfers. The best pH for appressorium
 formation was between 7.0 and 7.2. Z. radicans produced appressoria
 on cuticles of dead Empoasca fabae (Harris) nymphs at 25 degrees C
 in the dark.
 
 
 99                                                   NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Effects of neem seed extracts on tephritid fruit flies
 (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids in Hawaii.
 Stark, J.D.; Vargas, R.I.; Wong, T.Y.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1990 Nov.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (86): p. 106-112; 1990 Nov.  Paper presented at the USDA Neem
 Workshop, April 16-17, 1990, Beltsville, Maryland.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Hawaii; Ceratitis capitata; Bactrocera dorsalis;
 Bactrocera cucurbitae; Insect control; Neem seed extract; Parasites
 of insect pests; Adverse effects; Nontarget effects
 
 
 100                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 QL461.E532 Effects of sage brush removal and herbivory by mormon
 crickets (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) on understory plant biomass
 and cover.
 Redak, R.A.; Capinera, J.L.; Bonham, C.D.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Feb.
 Environmental entomology v. 21 (1): p. 94-102; 1992 Feb.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Colorado; Artemisia tridentata; Biological control;
 Brush control; Anabrus simplex; Biomass; Ecosystems; Ground cover
 plants; Rangelands; Undergrowth
 
 Abstract:  The effects of herbivory by the Mormon cricket, Anabrus
 simplex Haldeman (Orthoptera:Tettigoniidae), and removal of
 sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) on understory plant biomass
 production and cover were determined. Averaged over a 3-yr period,
 50-75% removal of sagebrush resulted in an approximately 20%
 increase in summer understory biomass production; understory plant
 cover was not affected by sagebrusb removal. Mormon crickets, at
 densities of four and eight crickets per square meter during a 5-wk
 period, did not significantly affect understory plant biomass
 production but did reduce forb and total vegetative cover. Mormon
 cricket herbivory and sagebrush removal were independent with
 respect to their effects on understory vegetation. Furthermore, the
 incomplete removal of sagebrush did not affect the feeding ecology
 of Mormon crickets. Analysis of cricket crop contents suggested
 that sagebrush was fed upon predominantly; there was little dietary
 overlap between crickets and cattle. As long as some sagebrush is
 left intact (e.g., 25%), sagebrush control programs are unlikely to
 influence Mormon cricket diet selection or damage potential. Cover
 estimates, which are commonly used by ranchers and rangeland
 managers to estimate forage availability, provide deceptive
 assessments of cricket effects, untimely perhaps leading to an
 undeserved reputation as a rangeland pest.
 
 
 101                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 421 R322AE Endovum puttleri (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), an
 introduced entomophage of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
 decemlineata (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Ziskind, L.A.; Mityakina,
 O.N.
 New York, N.Y. : Scripta Publishing; 1991 Oct.
 Entomological review v. 70 (1): p. 142-148; 1991 Oct.  Translated
 from: Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, (10), 1990, p. 70-76. (410 R92). 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English; Russian
 
 Descriptors: Rsfsr; U.S.S.R.in europe; U.S.A.; Solanum tuberosum;
 Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Biological control; Edovum puttleri;
 Fecundity; Introduced species; Parasites of insect pests;
 Reproduction; Survival
 
 
 102                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Environmental Protection Agency oversight of microbial
 pesticides. Mendelsohn, M.; Rispin, A.; Hutton, P.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 234-240; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Microbial pesticides; Regulations
 
 
 103                                                   NAL Call.
 No.: SB403.F47 Establishing a successful IMP program.
 Eddy, R.
 West Lafayette, Ind. : The Service; 1992.
 Floriculture Indiana - Purdue University, Horticulture Department,
 Cooperative Extension Service v. 6 (4): p. 12-15; 1992.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Indiana; Greenhouse culture; Integrated pest
 management; Cultural control; Sticky traps; Insecticides
 
 
 104                                                   NAL Call.
 No.: TP440.P67 European apple warehouse practices.
 Kupferman, E.M.
 Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University Cooperative Extension;
 1991 Aug. Tree fruit postharvest journal v. 2 (3): p. 3-15; 1991
 Aug.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Europe; Apples; Storage; Warehouses; Varieties;
 Packing; Crop production; Quality; Controlled atmosphere storage;
 Scald; Prevention; Integrated pest management; Pesticide residues
 
 
 105                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: S587.T47 Evaluation of some insecticides against beet armyworm
 (Spodoptera exigua) in watermelon.
 Belda, J.; Guerrero, L.
 London : Association of Applied Biologists; 1992 May.
 Tests of agrochemicals and cultivars (13): p. 12-13; 1992 May. 
 Supplement to Annals of applied biology, volume 120.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Citrullus lanatus; Spodoptera exigua; Insect pests;
 Bacillus thuringiensis; Insect control; Application rates;
 Integrated pest management; Assessment; Hexaflumuron;
 Teflubenzuron; Trichlorfon; Fruits; Crop damage; Surface layers;
 Population density; Infestation
 
 
 106                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Evaluation of various spray nozzle and volume
 combinations for control of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera:
 Chrysomelidae) with synthetic and biological insecticides.
 Zehnder, G.W.; Speese, J. III
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Dec.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (6): p. 1842-1849; 1991 Dec. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Virginia; Solanum tuberosum; Leptinotarsa
 decemlineata; Insect control; Biological control; Bacillus
 thuringiensis; Cryolite; Permethrin; Nozzles; Volume
 
 Abstract:  Field experiments were done in potatoes, Solanum
 tuberosum L., to evaluate various spray nozzle and volume
 combinations for control of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa
 decemlineata (Say), with synthetic insecticides and Bacillus
 thuringiensis. Colorado potato beetles were moderately tolerant to
 permethrin, and use of hollow-cone nozzles resulted in improved
 control compared with flat-fan nozzles. When flat-fan nozzles were
 used with permethrin, increasing spray volume from 103 to 298
 liter/ha resulted in a reduction in defoliation and an increase in
 tuber yield. Colorado potato beetles were highly susceptible to
 esfenvalerate. Nozzle type and spray volume had no significant
 effect on insect density or defoliation. However, a significant
 linear relationship existed between Colorado potato beetle counts
 and esfenvalerate spray- volume, On some sample dates, density of
 Colorado potato beetles was reduced in the high volume (467
 liter/ha) esfenvalerate treatment compared with the low volume (93
 liter/ha) treatment. Efficacy, of cryolite for control of Colorado
 potato beetle was not significantly influenced by nozzle type or
 spray, volume treatment. in experiments with B. thuringiensis var.
 san diego (M-One Insecticide), use of three hollow-cone drop
 nozzles per row resulted in significantly lower Colorado potato
 beetle density and defoliation, compared with use of hollow-cone
 nozzles arranged over the tops of the plants. Colorado potato
 beetle control with B
 thuringiensis was enhanced (with both nozzle treatments) by
 increasing spray volume from 140 to 560 liter/ha.
 
 
 107                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 79.8 W41 Evidence that sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is
 allelopathic to yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus).
 Harrison, H.F. Jr; Peterson, J.K.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr. Weed
 science v. 39 (2): p. 308-312; 1991 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: South Carolina; Ipomoea batatas; Allelopathy; Cyperus
 esculentus; Weed control; Biological control; Competitive ability;
 Crop weed competition; Roots; Growth rate; Inhibition; Plant
 extracts; Periderm; Crop yield; Tubers
 
 Abstract:  In field studies, 'Regal' sweet potato greatly reduced
 yellow nutsedge growth when the two species were grown together
 using standard cultural practices. At the end of the growing
 season, yellow nutsedge shoot dry weight per m2, in plots where the
 two species were planted together was less than 10% of shoot weight
 in plots where nutsedge was grown alone. Presence of yellow
 nutsedge did not markedly affect sweet potato growth. When grown
 together in a greenhouse experiment designed to minimize the
 competitive effects of sweet potato on yellow nutsedge, yellow
 nutsedge growth was reduced more than 50% by sweet potato 8 and 12
 weeks after planting. The most polar fraction of serially extracted
 sweet potato periderm tissue was highly inhibitory to yellow
 nutsedge root growth. These results indicate that sweet potato
 interference with yellow nutsedge under field conditions is
 partially due to allelopathy.
 
 
 108                                  NAL Call. No.: MdULD3231.M70d
 Hanks, L.M. Factors influencing the distribution and abundance of
 the white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-
 Tozzetti)(Homoptera--Diaspididae) host plants and natural enemies.
 Hanks, Lawrence Michael
 University of Maryland at College Park, Dept. of Entomology 1991;
 1991.
 ix, 189 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.  Thesis research directed by Dept.
 of Entomology.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Scale insects; Ornamental trees; Fruit trees; Insect-
 plant relationships
 
 
 109                                       NAL Call. No.:
 Videocassette no.1212 Farmer to farmer strategies for sustainable
 agriculture..  Field crops Rotational grazing Vegetables IPM for
 vegetables and small fruits IPM for apples High-value marketing
 High value marketing
 Rooy Media (Firm)
 Frederick, Md. : Rooy Media ; Emmaus, Pa. : Distributed by Rodale
 Institue,; 1991.
 6 videocassettes (180 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 video
 resource and viewing guide (13 p.)..  "Partial funding for this
 video series and the ... guide was provided by a grant from USDA's
 Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture Program, Northeast Region"--P.
 [i] of guide.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sustainable agriculture; Pests; Grazing
 
 Abstract:  Using farmers to talk to their peers informally and
 frankly about their experiences with sustainable agriculture, the
 videos are designed to help farmers get acquainted with six key
 strategies for sustainable agriculture. Photographed over the
 course of a growing season, the structure allows for an
 introduction to the six subjects, while promoting follow-up
 discussion after viewing each video.
 
 
 110                                       NAL Call. No.:
 Videocassette no.1212 Farmer to farmer strategies for sustainable
 agriculture..  Field crops Rotational grazing Vegetables IPM for
 vegetables and small fruits IPM for apples High-value marketing
 High value marketing
 Rodale Institute, Rooy Media (Firm)
 Frederick, Md. : Rooy Media ; Emmaus, Pa. : Distributed by Rodale
 Institue,; 1991.
 6 videocassettes (180 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 video
 resource and viewing guide (13 p.)..  "Partial funding for this
 video series and the ... guide was provided by a grant from USDA's
 Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture Program, Northeast Region"--P.
 [i] of guide.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sustainable agriculture; Pests; Grazing
 
 Abstract:  Using farmers to talk to their peers informally and
 frankly about their experiences with sustainable agriculture, the
 videos are designed to help farmers get acquainted with six key
 strategies for sustainable agriculture. Photographed over the
 course of a growing season, the structure allows for an
 introduction to the six subjects, while promoting follow-up
 discussion after viewing each video.
 
 
 111                                                   NAL Call.
 No.: 421 EN895 Field cage performance of two tachinid parasitoids
 of the tomato fruitworm on insect resistant and susceptible tomato
 lines.
 Farrar, R.R. Jr; Kennedy, G.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1983 Apr.
 Entomologia experimentalis et applicata v. 67 (1): p. 73-78; 1983
 Apr. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Lycopersicon esculentum; Lines; Pest resistance;
 Susceptibility; Helicoverpa zea; Host parasite relationships;
 Archytas marmoratus; Eucelatoria; Parasites of insect pests
 
 
 112                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Field efficacy and persistence of entomogenous
 nematodes in the management of white grubs (Coleoptera:
 Scarabaeidae) in turf and pasture. Forschler, B.T.; Gardner, W.A.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
 Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (5): p. 1454-1459; 1991 Oct. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Georgia; Lawns and turf; Pastures; Scarabaeidae;
 Biological control; Entomophilic nematodes; Heterorhabditis
 heliothidis; Steinernema; Persistence
 
 Abstract:  The entomogenous nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae
 (Weiser) and Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks &
 Hirschmann) were used to control white grubs in turf and pasture.
 In the turf trial, nematode concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, or 1
 million nematodes per m2 were evaluated. only 12% of the grubs were
 killed by the nematodes at all three concentrations. In the pasture
 trial, nematode concentrations of 0.5 and 1.5 million per m2 were
 applied alone or in combination with diazinon (2.25 kg [AI]/ha).
 Comparisons (t tests) of the mean number of grubs recovered from
 each treatment area 2-4 wk after application showed significant
 reductions in the grub populations in both trials after certain
 nematode treatments. When applied at a rate of 1.5 million per m2,
 nematodes persisted for 8 wk after application in the pasture
 trial. In other tests of persistence, nematodes survived as long as
 5 wk after application. Nematophagous fungi were recovered from
 treated areas and untreated plots; however, no significant
 increases in numbers of propagules occurred after application.
 Predaceous mite populations did significantly increase after
 application in one trial. Many of these mites are considered
 nematophagous.
 
 
 113                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: S601.A34 Field use of granulosis virus to reduce initial
 storage infestation of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea
 operculella (Zeller), in North Africa. BenSalah, H.; Aalbu, R.
 Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Feb.
 Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 38 (3): p. 119-126; 1992
 Feb. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tunisia; Solanum tuberosum; Potatoes; Granulosis
 viruses; Viral insecticides; Phthorimaea operculella; Insect
 control; Biological control; Preharvest sprays; Dusts;
 Mediterranean climate; Biological control agents
 
 
 114                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 QD415.A1J6 Floral volatiles of Tanacetum vulgare L. attractive to
 Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. females.
 Gabel, B.; Thiery, D.; Suchy, V.; Marion-Poll, F.; Hradsky, P.;
 Farkas, P. New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992 May.
 Journal of chemical ecology v. 18 (5): p. 693-701; 1992 May. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Tanacetum vulgare; Lobesia botrana; Vitis vinifera;
 Flowers; Extracts; Plant composition; Allelochemicals; Terpenoids;
 Smell; Insect control
 
 Abstract:  The European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana, is
 a major pest of grapes in Europe. Females are attracted to a
 nonhost plant: tansy (Tanacetum vulgare L.), which is a common weed
 in Slovakian vineyards. A steam distillate extract of tansy flowers
 was analyzed by means of a GC-EAG
 technique to screen constituents detected by the olfactory
 receptors of EGVM females. From more than 200 GC peaks, nine peaks
 corresponding to monoterpenoids released an EAG response in more
 than 70% of the females (N = 15): p-cymene, d-limonene, alpha-
 thujene, alpha-thujone, beta-thujone, thujyl alcohol, terpinene-4-
 ol, (Z)-verbenol, and piperitone. The steam distillate of tansy as
 well as a synthetic blend of identified compounds released
 consistent attraction in a field cage. The use of nonhost plants
 and host plant odors in integrated pest management is discussed.
 
 
 115                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 80 AC82 Fungicide application according to infection periods,
 a must for integrated scab control?.
 Schuepp, H.; Bosshard, E.; Siegfried, W.
 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990
 Dec. Acta horticulturae (285): p. 175-186; 1990 Dec.  Paper
 presented at the symposium on "Integrated Fruit Production,"
 September 11-15, 1989, Wadenswil, Switzerland.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Malus pumila; Fungal diseases; Infection; Fungicides;
 Integrated control
 
 Abstract:  Since 1976 apple scab has been successfully controlled
 by fungicides applied according to infection periods in
 experimental plots and also in a steadily increasing number of
 commercial orchards. To guarantee adequate preventive and curative
 action at the same time captanoid fungicides (e.g. Capan, Folpet,
 Dichlofluanid) were applied in combination with compounds having a
 curative activity. In the seventies benzimidazol-fungicides were
 used as the curative component and after 1980 they were gradually
 replaced by sterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicides (SBI). To
 prevent storage diseases (mainly Gloeosporium species and storage
 scab) two sprays of captan are essential in late summer. Using
 captanoid fungicides is also part of the strategy to prevent
 buildup of resistance of Venturia inadequalis against SBI.
 Monitoring scab-resistance to SBI is of utmost importance since the
 control according to infection period depends entirely on their
 excellent curative action.
 
 
 116                                                   NAL Call.
 No.: QH301.N32 Future alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the
 control of postharvest diseases.
 Wilson, C.L.; Wisniewski, M.E.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992.
 NATO ASI series : Series A : Life sciences v. 230: p. 133-138;
 1992.  In the series analytic: Biological control of plant
 diseases: progress and challenges for the future / edited by E.C.
 Tjamos, G.C. Papavizas and R.J. Cook. Proceedings of a NATO
 Advanced Research Workshop, May 19-24, 1991, Cape Sounion, Athens,
 Greece.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Fruit; Postharvest decay; Biological control;
 Antagonists; Fungicides; Fungus control; Plant extracts
 
 
 117                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 SB379.A9A9 Good guy insects are beneficial to growers.
 Blanchard-Chess, B.
 Carpinteria, Calif. : Rincon Information Management Corporation;
 1992 May. California grower v. 16 (5): p. 16, 18, 20; 1992 May.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Citrus fruits; Insect pests; Integrated
 pest management; Biological control agents
 
 
 118                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 79.8 W41 Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control in bermudagrass
 (Cynodon spp.) turf with diclofop.
 McCarty, L.B.
 Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr. Weed
 science v. 39 (2): p. 255-261; 1991 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Florida; Cynodon dactylon; Hybrids; Cultivars; Lawns
 and turf; Eleusine indica; Weed control; Chemical control;
 Diclofop; Cutting height; Cultural weed control; Integrated
 control; Herbicide mixtures; Metribuzin; Msma; Nonionic
 surfactants; Application rates; Phytotoxicity; Varietal
 susceptibility; Sports grounds; Golf courses; Crop quality
 
 Abstract:  Greenhouse and field experiments were performed to
 investigate diclofop rate and mowing height interactions on
 goosegrass control and 'Tifgreen' and 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass
 tolerance. In greenhouse experiments, greatest goosegrass control
 was achieved with diclofop when plants were maintained at 1.3 cm.
 Increased diclofop rates were required to suppress goosegrass mowed
 higher than 1.3 cm or unmowed. Greater than 90% goosegrass control
 was achieved with the combination of 1.3-cm mowing height and 0.6
 kg ai ha-1 of diclofop. In field experiments, a minimum of 2 weeks
 was necessary for complete herbicidal activity. Diclofop at 1.1 kg
 ha-1 provided >90% control of goosegrass mowed between 1.9 to 2.5
 cm. The addition of nonionic surfactant (0.25% by vol) to diclofop
 did not influence control. The addition of metribuzin (0.1 kg ai
 ha-1) to diclofop resulted in initial increased control, but it was
 transient. The addition of MSMA (2.2 kg ai ha-1) to diclofop
 reduced goosegrass control an average of 18% compared to diclofop
 treatments alone. Tifdwarf bermudagrass was more sensitive to
 diclofop compared to Tifgreen. Seven to 14 days were required for
 Tifdwarf to recover from initial injury. This injury, although
 significant, was acceptable for bermudagrass used for golf greens.
 Clipping weights following treatment were also less for Tifdwarf
 than Tifgreen.
 
 
 119                                                   NAL Call.
 No.: QL461.A52 The grape phylloxera--a celebration of its own.
 Smith, E.H.
 Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992.
 American entomologist v. 38 (4): p. 212-221. ill; 1992.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; France; U.S.A.; Vitis; Crosses; Cultivars;
 Pest resistance; Rootstocks; Viteus vitifoliae; Biological control;
 Parasites of insect pests; Acarus
 
 
 120                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: QD1.A45 Imidacloprid. A new nitroguanidine insecticide.
 Mullins, J.W.
 Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1993.
 ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (524): p. 183-198;
 1993.  In the series analytic: Pest control with enhanced
 environmental safety / edited by S.O. Duke, J.J. Menn, and J.R.
 Plimmer.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Nitroimidazoles; Toxicity; Foliar application; Seed
 dressings; Soil treatment
 
 Abstract:  Imidacloprid (code name: BAY NTN 33893; Chemical
 Abstract Name: 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-
 imidazolidinimine) is a highly effective insecticide being
 developed in the U.S. by Miles Inc. and by Bayer AG worldwide.
 Imidacloprid is a systemic and contact insecticide exhibiting low
 mammalian toxicity, with primary activity on sucking insects such
 as aphids, leafhoppers and planthoppers, thrips and whiteflies,
 including strains resistant to conventional chemistries. It is also
 effective against some Coleoptera, Diptera and Lepidoptera.
 Imidacloprid has a novel mode of action, and no cross resistance
 from any resistant species has been detected via oral ingestion of
 imidacloprid in worldwide field and laboratory testing. With
 excellent systemic and good residual characteristics, imidacloprid
 is especially appropriate for seed treatment and soil application.
 Effective early season control with long-lasting protection is
 achieved in crops such as cereals, corn, cotton, potatoes, rice,
 sorghum and many vegetables. Pests attacking later in the season
 can be controlled by foliar applications in the above-mentioned
 crops, as well as in citrus, deciduous fruits, grapes and other
 crops. General characteristics of imidacloprid, including
 biological activity, environmental safety and potential for
 Insecticide Resistance Management and IPM, are presented and
 discussed.
 
 
 121                                                NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.A2C47 IMP 1991 commercial apple: insect, disease, and weed
 control recommendations. Patterson, M.G.; Everest, J.W.
 Auburn, Ala. : The Service; 1990 Dec.
 Circular ANR - Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn
 University (11): 11 p.; 1990 Dec.  In subseries: Integrated Pest
 Management.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Malus pumila; Insect control; Disease control; Weed
 control; Insecticides; Fungicides; Pesticides; Herbicides
 
 
 122                                         NAL Call. No.: 100 F66S
 (1) no.875 The impact of integrated pest management on selected
 vegetable crops in Florida.
 Pohronezny, Kenneth Louis,
 Gainesville, Fla. : Agricultural Experiment Station, Institute of
 Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,; 1989.
 vi, 67 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (Bulletin (University of Florida.
 Agricultural Experiment Station) 875.).  "September 1989"--Cover. 
 Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Plant parasites; Pesticides
 
 
 123                                            NAL Call. No.:
 SB608.A6A33 1990 Impacts of the University of Connecticut
 integrated pest management program for apples 1984-1987.
 Adams, Roger G.; Los, Lorraine M.
 Connecticut : Cooperative Extension System, University of
 Connecticut, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, [1990?];
 1990.
 24 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  90-22.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Apple; Pests; Farmers
 
 
 124                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: 80 AC82 Implementation and adoption of an agricultural expert
 system: the Penn State Apple Orchard Consultant.
 Rajotte, E.G.; Bowser, T.; Travis, J.W.; Crassweller, R.M.; Musser,
 W.; Laughland, D.; Sachs, C.
 Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1992
 Oct. Acta horticulturae (313): p. 227-231; 1992 Oct.  Paper
 presented at the Third International Symposium on Computer
 Modelling in Fruit Research and Orchard Management, February 11-14,
 1992, Palmerston North, New Zealand.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Malus pumila; Orchards; Commercial
 farming; Growers; Decision making; Crop management; Integrated pest
 management; Expert systems; Information retrieval
 
 
 125                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 100 C12CAG Imported parasite may help control European asparagus
 aphid. Daane, K.M.; Yokota, G.Y.; Gill, R.F.; Caltagirone, L.E.;
 Hagen, K.S.; Gonzalez, D.; Stary, P.; Chaney, W.E.
 Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
 University of California; 1992 Nov.
 California agriculture v. 46 (6): p. 12-14; 1992 Nov.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Asparagus officinalis; Hemiptera; Insect
 pests; Crop damage; Parasites of insect pests; Biological control
 
 
 126                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 100 C12CAG Imported parasite of greenhouse thrips established on
 California avocado. McMurtry, J.A.; Johnson, H.G.; Newberger, S.J.
 Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources,
 University of California; 1991 Nov.
 California agriculture v. 45 (6): p. 31-32; 1991 Nov.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Vespidae; Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis;
 Integrated pest management; Biological control; Persea Americana
 
 
 127                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Induced resistance in relation to fruit and vegetables.
 Biles, C.L.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 161-166; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Fruit; Vegetables; Postharvest decay; Induced
 resistance
 
 
 128                                                  NAL Call. No.:
 aS21.R44A7 Induction of resistance of avocado fruits to
 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides attack using CO2 treatments.
 Prusky, D.; Plumbley, R.A.; Kobiler, I.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
 ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
 (92): p. 243-255; 1991 Jun.  Paper presented at the "Workshop on
 Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and
 Vegetables," September 12-14, 1990, Sheperdstown, West Virginia. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Avocados; Glomerella cingulata; Postharvest decay;
 Induced resistance; Carbon dioxide
 
 
 129                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 420 F662 Infection of sound-trapped mole crickets,
 Scapteriscus spp., by Steinernema scapterisci.
 Parkman, J.P.; Frank, J.H.
 Winter Haven, Fla. : Florida Entomological Society; 1992 Mar.
 Florida entomologist v. 75 (1): p. 163-165; 1992 Mar.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Florida; Grasslands; Lawns and turf; Scapteriscus;
 Biological control; Insect control; Sound traps; Steinernema
 
 
 130                                                 NAL Call. No.:
 S544.3.O5O5 Information on insecticides for greenhouse growers.
 Pinkston, K.; Criswell, J.; Cuperus, G.; Schnelle, M.A.
 Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Nov.
 OSU extension facts - Cooperative Extension Service, Oklahoma State
 University (6712): 12 p.; 1992 Nov.  In subseries: IPM in the
 Greenhouse Series. Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Greenhouses; Insecticides; Growth regulators;
 Resistance; Phytotoxicity; Biological control; Spraying precautions
 
 
 131                                                NAL Call. No.:
 275.29 W27MI Insect biology supplement to 1992 crop protection
 guide for tree fruits in Washington.
 Pullman, Wash. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
 E.M. - Washington State University, Cooperative Extension Service
 (4850): 15 p.; 1992 Jan.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Washington; Tree fruits; Plant protection; Insect
 pests; Insects; Pesticides; Integrated pest management
 
 
 132                                               NAL Call. No.:
 275.29 N272EX Insect pest management strategies for yards and
 gardens.
 Baxendale, F.P.; Wright, R.J.
 Lincoln, Neb. : The Service; 1992.
 EC - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Nebraska
 (92-1555-C): 9 p.; 1992.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Domestic gardens; Integrated pest management; Insect
 control; Insecticides; Rotations; Mulching; Cultural control;
 Biological control
 
 
 133                                                     NAL Call.
 No.: S481.R4 Insect pests of taro (Colocasia esculenta) and their
 biological controls in American Samoa.
 Vargo, A.M.
 Honolulu, Hawaii : The Service; 1991 Dec.
 Research extension series - College of Tropical Agriculture and
 Human Resources, University of Hawaii, Cooperative Extension
 Service (134): p. 161-164; 1991 Dec.  Proceedings of the 1989 ADAP
 Crop Protection Conference, held May 18-19, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii. 
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: American samoa; Colocasia esculenta; Insect pests;
 Biological control; Parasites of insect pests; Evaluation;
 Intercropping
 
 
 134                                                NAL Call. No.:
 SB118.48.Y26 Insect predators on ornamentals.
 Miller, G.L.
 Storrs, CT : University of Connecticut, Dept. of Plant Science;
 1991. Yankee nursery quarterly v. 1 (3): p. 8-9; 1991.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Biological control agents; Ornamental plants; Insect
 pests; Insect control; Predators of insect pests
 
 
 135                                                    NAL Call.
 No.: 421 J822 Insecticidal activity of EG4961, a novel strain of
 B