The Alternative Farming Systems Information Center, afsic@nal.usda.gov
http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/AFSIC_pubs/qb94-13.htm, March 1994
Web Policies and Important Links
TITLE: Conservation Tillage
PUBLICATION DATE: March 1994
ENTRY DATE: April 1995
EXPIRATION DATE:
UPDATE FREQUENCY:
CONTACT: Jane Gates
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
National Agricultural Library
Room 304, 10301 Baltimore Ave.
Beltsville, MD 20705-2351
Telephone: (301) 504-6559
FAX: (301) 504-6409
DOCUMENT TYPE: text
DOCUMENT SIZE: 377k (163 pages)
==============================================================
ISSN: 1052-5378
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Library
10301 Baltimore Blvd.
Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351
Conservation Tillage
January 1991 - December 1993
QB 94-13
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Conservation Tillage
January 1991 - December 1993
Quick Bibliography Series: QB 94-13
Updates QB 92-02
338 citations in English from AGRICOLA
Jane Potter Gates
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
March 1994 National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
Gates, Jane Potter
Conservation tillage.
(Quick bibliography series ; 94-13)
1. Conservation tillage--Bibliography. 2. No-tillage--Bibliography. 3.
Tillage--Bibliography. I. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.94-13
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AGRICOLA
Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA database between
January 1979 and the present.
SAMPLE CITATIONS
Citations in this bibliography are from the National Agricultural Library's
AGRICOLA database. An explanation of sample journal article, book, and
audiovisual citations appears below.
JOURNAL ARTICLE:
Citation # NAL Call No.
Article title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher. Journal Title.
Date. Volume (Issue). Pages. (NAL Call Number).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL 389.8.SCH6
Morrison, S.B. Denver, Colo.: American School Food Service
Association. School foodservice journal. Sept 1987. v. 41
(8). p.48-50. ill.
BOOK:
Citation # NAL Call Number
Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date. Information
on pagination, indices, or bibliographies.
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL RM218.K36 1987
Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
Kane, June Kozak. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
Includes index. xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm. Bibliography:
p. 126.
AUDIOVISUAL:
Citation # NAL Call Number
Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date.
Supplemental information such as funding. Media format
(i.e., videocassette): Description (sound, color, size).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV
All aboard the nutri-train.
Mayo, Cynthia. Richmond, Va.: Richmond Public Schools,
1981. NET funded. Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
Mayo. 1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
activity packet. Conservation Tillage
January 1991 - December 1993
SEARCH STRATEGY
Set Items Description
--- ----- -----------
S1 2948 MINIMUM
S2 9702 TILL?
S3 671 MINIMUM(W)TILL?
S4 49812 NO
S5 9702 TILL?
S6 1736 NO(W)TILL?
S7 1029 ZERO
S8 9702 TILL?
S9 85 ZERO(W)TILL?
S10 11508 REDUCED
S11 9702 TILL?
S12 251 REDUCED(W)TILL?
S13 17950 NON
S14 9702 TILL?
S15 24 NON(W)TILL?
S16 2468 MINIMUM()TILL? OR NO()TILL? OR ZERO()TILL? OR
REDUCED()TILL? OR NON()TILL?
S17 4881 REDUCING
S18 722 MULCH
S19 146 CHISEL
S20 313 S2 AND (REDUCING OR MULCH OR CHISEL)
S21 2634 S16 OR S20
S22 28398 CONSERVATION
S23 9702 TILL?
S24 1046 CONSERVATION(W)TILL?
S25 3282 S21 OR CONSERVATION(W)TILL?
S26 764 SOD
S27 887 SEEDED
S28 27 SOD(W)SEEDED
S29 764 SOD
S30 1677 SEEDING
S31 27 SOD(W)SEEDING
S32 3329 S25 OR (SOD()SEEDED OR SOD()SEEDING)
S33 849 RIDGE
S34 9702 TILL?
S35 86 RIDGE(W)TILL?
S36 3362 S32 OR RIDGE()TILL?
S37 5341 GROUNDWATER
S38 80467 WATER
S39 1547 AQUIFER?
S40 81640 GROUNDWATER OR WATER OR AQUIFER?
S41 2841 S36 NOT S40
S42 2550 S41/ENG,TI,DE
S43 170983 PY=1991 : PY=1993
S44 345 S42 AND PY=1991:1993
Conservation Tillage
1 NAL Call. No.: S604.N57 1991
1991 North American conservation tillage clubs and associations a directory.
Conservation Technology Information Center
West Lafayette, IN (1220 Potter Drive, Room 170, Purdue Research Park) :
CTIC,; 1991.
12 leaves ; 28 cm. Cover title.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage
2 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 N272EX
A 1992 guide for--herbicide use in Nebraska.
Lincoln, Neb. : The Service; 1992.
EC - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Nebraska (92-130): 51 p.;
1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Weed control; Herbicides; Weeds; Herbicide resistance;
Conservation tillage
3 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.M7M5
Agricultural management practices: reducing runoff and sediment production.
Peeples, J.L.
Starkville, Miss. : The Service; 1991 Jul.
Information sheet - Mississippi State University, Cooperative Extension
Service (1450): 2 p.; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Erosion; Conservation tillage; Runoff; Geological sedimentation
4 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Agroecosystem management effects on soil carbon and nitrogen.
Wood, C.W.; Edwards, J.H.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Apr.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 39 (3/4): p. 123-138; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Continuous cropping;
Rotations; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Glycine max; Soil fertility; Nitrogen;
Carbon; Soil organic matter; Crop residues; Mineralization; Nutrient
availability; Soil depth; Biological activity in soil; Subtropics
5 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Agronomic evaluation of fertilizer placement methods for no-tillage sorghum in
vertisol clays.
Chichester, F.W.; Morrison, J.E. Jr
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (3): p. 378-382; 1992 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Sorghum bicolor; No-tillage; Conservation tillage;
Placement; Fertilizer distributors; Subsurface application; Surface treatment;
Surface modification; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Nutrient uptake; Use efficiency;
Leaves; Nutrient content; Crop yield; Grain; Seasonal variation
6 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C35
Agronomic practices and common root rot in spring wheat: effect of tillage on
disease and inoculum density of Cochliobolus sativus in soil.
Tinline, R.D.; Spurr, D.T.
Guelph, Ont. : Canadian Phytopathological Society; 1991.
Canadian journal of plant pathology; Revue Canadienne de phytopathologie v. 13
(3): p. 258-266; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Root rots; Cochliobolus sativus;
Disease prevalence; Tillage; No-tillage; Rotations; Summer fallow; Fusarium
culmorum; Inoculum density
7 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 N814
Alfalfa and orchardgrass control in no-till corn.
Hartwig, N.L.
College Park, Md. : The Society; 1991.
Proceedings of the annual meeting - Northeastern Weed Science Society v. 45: p.
33-38; 1991. Meeting held January 8-10, 1991, Baltimore, Maryland.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Weed control; No-tillage; Chemical control; Crop plants
as weeds; Medicago sativa; Dactylis glomerata
8 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Alternative crop prospects in western Nebraska.
Plett, S.; Nelson, L.A.; Clegg, M.D.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (2): p. 162-166; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Crop management; Grain crops; Rowcrops; Field crops;
Summer fallow; Rotations; No-tillage; Tillage; Profits; Returns; Farm inputs;
Variable costs; Fixed costs; Total digestible nutrients; Nutrient content
9 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 SO8 (P)
Alternative weed control in low input reduced tillage cropping systems.
Janke, R.R.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Society :.; 1991.
Proceedings - Southern Weed Science Society v. 44: p. 40-41; 1991. Paper
presented at the meeting on "Perception: Fact or Fiction", held January 14-16,
1991, San Antonio, Texas.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weed control; Tillage; Cropping systems
10 NAL Call. No.: S541.5.W2R47
Amber waves: a sourcebook for sustainable dryland farming in the northwestern
United States.
Granatstein, D.
Pullman, Wash. : The Center; 1992.
Research bulletin XB - Washington State University, Agricultural Research
Center (1025): 82 p.; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Oregon; Mountain states of U.S.A.; Dry farming;
Sustainability; Triticum aestivum; Conservation tillage; Agroclimatology;
Rotations; Grain crops; Brassica; Resource materials
11 NAL Call. No.: HD1781.W67 no.91/05
An analyses of yield and net return distributions for conventional and
conservation tillage practices in southw estern Ontario.
Ker, Alan
Guelph, Ont. : Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Business, University of
Guelph,; 1991.
17, [10] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Working paper / Department of Agricultural
Economics and Business, University of Guelph ; 91/05). February 1991.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 14-15).
Language: English
12 NAL Call. No.: 420 K13
Aphid predators associated with conventional- and conservation-tillage winter
wheat.
Rice, M.E.; Wilde, G.E.
Lawrence, Kan. : The Society; 1991 Jul.
Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society v. 64 (3): p. 245-250; 1991 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Schizaphis graminum; Hippodamia convergens;
Coleomegilla maculata; Coccinella septempunctata; Scymnus; Chrysopa; Nabis;
Araneae; Predators of insect pests; Population density; Conservation tillage;
Minimum tillage; No-tillage
13 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59
Are herbicides necessary for alfalfa establishment?: Results from studies with
conventional and no-till alfalfa.
Brothers, B.A.; Hesterman, O.B.
Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991.
Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p. 157-161; 1991. Meeting
held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia, Missouri. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Medicago sativa; Stand establishment; Herbicides; No-tillage;
Tillage; Crop density
14 NAL Call. No.: S530.J6
Area conservation tillage meetings--a successful educational program.
Dickey, E.C.; Jasa, P.J.; Shelton, D.P.; Grisso, R.D.; Glewen, K.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991.
Journal of agronomic education v. 20 (2): p. 115-119; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Conservation tillage; Educational programs; Program
development; Program effectiveness; Plan implementation and evaluation;
Cooperative extension service
15 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Autumn sward suppression and insect control effects on late-winter no-till
establishment of ladino clover.
Zarnstorff, M.E.; Chamblee, D.S.; Mueller, J.P.; Campbell, W.V.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Nov.
Journal of the American Society of Agronomy v. 84 (6): p. 983-987; 1992 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Festuca arundinacea; Paraquat; Site preparation;
Winter; Sowing date; Crop establishment; Trifolium repens; No-tillage; Sowing
methods; Insect pests; Slugs; Chemical control; Insect control; Pest control
Abstract: Ladino clover (Trifolium repens L.) has traditionally been
established in the autumn in the southeastern USA. Grass suppression and
insect control have proven beneficial for successful autumn no-till
establishment. Winter planting offers an alternative, yet little is known about
late winter grass suppression and insect or mollusk control. Herbicide applied
at planting in late winter usually failed to suppress or kill
cool-season grasses. Field studies were conducted to evaluate (i) the
influence of fall suppression or kill with paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4-4'
bipyridinium ion) of the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) sward on
late-winter (February or March) no-till establishment of ladino clover, (ii)
establishment by drilling versus surface planting and (iii) the influence of
suppression of insect and/or mollusk populations on the late-winter no-till
establishment of ladino clover into tall fescue. Initial late winter no-till
clover densities were 30% greater for the March as compared to February
planting (three experiment average). Drill planting of clover resulted in 2.1
times greater initial clover density (four experiment average) and 1.9 times
more clover yield than surface planting (three experiment average).
Application of paraquat to tall fescue in bands (13 cm) in mid-October
resulted in essentially complete grass kill with the bands. Neither autumn
grass suppression nor the use of insecticide or molluscicide altered clover
density or stand. Late-winter, no-till establishment provides an alternative to
fall establishment. Our results indicate that fall chemical suppression of
grass swards is not necessary for successful late-winter establishment of
ladino clover.
16 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Banded herbicide applications and cultivation in a modified no-till corn (Zea
mays) system.
Eadie, A.G.; Swanton, C.J.; Shaw, J.E.; Anderson, G.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (3): p.
535-542; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Cultivars; No-tillage; Atrazine; Metolachlor;
Herbicide mixtures; Application rates; Band placement; Broadcasting; Interrow
cultivation; Integrated pest management; Weed control; Weeds; Biomass
production; Crop yield
17 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM3Ps (IR)
Beginning of motion for selected unanchored residue materials.
Gilley, J.E.; Kottwitz, E.R.
New York, N.Y. : American Society of Civil Engineers, c1983-; 1992 Jul.
Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering v. 118 (4): p. 619-630; 1992
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Crop residues; Movement in soil; Overland
flow; Erosion; Hydraulics; Regression analysis
18 NAL Call. No.: 464.8 P56
Biological control to reduce inoculum of the tan spot pathogen Pyrenophora
tritici-repentis in surface-borne residues of wheat fields.
Pfender, W.F.; Zhang, W.; Nus, A.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1993 Apr.
Phytopathology v. 83 (4): p. 371-375; 1993 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Triticum; Pyrenophora tritici-repentis; Plant pathogenic
fungi; Biological control agents; Pithomyces chartarum; Basidiomycotina;
Aphyllophorales; Cultural control; Crop residues; Conservation tillage
Abstract: Field plots of conservation-tillage wheat straw naturally infested
with Pyrenophora tritici-repentis were treated with bran-based inoculum of
three potential biocontrol fungi, and reduction in the number of residue-borne
pseudothecia (primary inoculum of the pathogen) was determined. Limonomyces
roseipellis significantly reduced residue-borne primary inoculum of P.
tritici-repentis in 3 of 4 yr of experiments; an unidentified agonomycete was
effective in two of three experiments, but Laetisaria arvalis was ineffective.
Although L. roseipellis reduced inoculum by 60-80%, greater reductions would be
necessary for acceptable control of this disease. Retention of dry
bran-based inoculum on straw was enhanced by the use of alginate, but further
improvements in formulation and application methods are required for effective
biocontrol of pathogens in surface-borne crop residues.
19 NAL Call. No.: 100 M69MI
Blackbelt prairie soil subject of cropping study.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1992 Apr.
MAFES research highlights - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment
Station v. 55 (4): p. 4; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Prairies; Prairie soils; Erosion; No-tillage;
Tillage
20 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 W27PN
Blackgrass Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.
Aldrich-Markham, S.
Corvallis, Or. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
PNW - Pacific Northwest Extension Publication, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho
State Universities, Cooperative Extension Service (377): 4 p.; 1992 Jan. In
Subseries: Weeds. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Oregon; Alopecurus myosuroides; Weed control;
No-tillage; Cultural control; Plowing; Herbicides
21 NAL Call. No.: aS622.S6
Buffer strips, conservation tillage pay off.
Gillespie, M.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
Soil & water conservation news - U.S. Deptartment of Agriculture, Soil
Conservation Service v. 12 (5): p. 7; 1992 Jan.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Conservation tillage; Erosion control; Gossypium
22 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Bulk density of a sandy loam: traffic, tillage, and irrigation-method effects.
Meek, B.D.; Rechel, E.R.; Carter, L.M.; DeTar, W.R.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Mar.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (2): p. 562-565; 1992 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Sandy loam soils; Soil density; Bulk density;
Trafficability; Soil compaction; Chiselling; Resistance to penetration;
Infiltration; Trickle irrigation; Flood irrigation; Furrows
Abstract: Modern crop production creates a cycle between soil compaction
caused by traffic and alleviation of this condition by tillage or natural
processes such as freezing and thawing. The objective of this study was to
evaluate important management practices as they relate to changes in bulk
density of a tilled sandy loam soil. Practices evaluated were irrigation
method, time between tillage and traffic, tire pressure and wheel load of
applied traffic, and controlled traffic. Relationships among bulk density,
penetration resistance, and infiltration rate were determined. Experiments were
conducted in the San Joaquin Valley of California, on a sandy loam soil
(Entisol) with an organic-matter content of < 1%. After tillage, settling and
trafficking of a soil resulted in rapid changes in its bulk density until a new
equilibrium was reached. Tire pressure of 408 kPa and wheel weight of 2724 kg
applied at moisture contents near field capacity resulted in a bulk density of
1.92 Mg m-3, compared with a value of 1.67 for no traffic. The time
interval between tillage and traffic did not affect final bulk density. Drip
irrigation, which did not saturate the soil, resulted in a bulk density of
approximately 0.1 Mg m-3 lower than flood irrigation, which saturated the soil
surface. Wheel traffic in the furrow resulted in only small changes in the bulk
density within the row. When tillage did not occur between cropping
seasons, traffic caused high bulk densities in the furrow but only small
changes in the row. An increase in bulk density from 1.7 to 1.89 Mg m-3
decreased the infiltration rate by four times and increased resistance to
penetration at the end of the season by three times. Knowledge of how
management practices affect bulk density can aid growers in reducing
recompaction following tillage.
23 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
Changes in weed populations and seed bank through two cycles of a
maize-soyabean rotation in Ontario, Canada.
Benoit, D.L.; Swanton, C.J.; Chandler, K.; Derksen, D.A.
Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 1: p. 403-410; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Glycine max; Rotation; Weed control;
Herbicides; Minimum tillage; Seed banks
24 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Chemical attributes of soils subjected to no-till cropping with rye cover
crops.
Eckert, D.J.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Mar.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (2): p. 405-409; 1991 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Secale cereale; Zea mays; Glycine max; Soil chemistry;
Calcium; Carbon; Magnesium; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus; Potassium;
No-tillage; Rotations; Soil fertility; Soil physical properties
Abstract: Rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crops are often promoted to supply
additional residue in no-till production situations; however, the effect of
inclusion of rye on soil chemical properties is largely unknown. Soils were
sampled, 20 cm deep, from four 4-yr studies in which no-till corn (Zea mays L.)
and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) were grown continuously or in rotation on a
Canfield silt loam (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Aquic Fragiudalf) or in rotation
only on a Hoytville silty clay (fine, illitic, mesic Mollic
Ochraqualf), with and without a winter rye cover crop. Corn had been
fertilized each spring with 224 kg N ha(-1) as either injected anhydrous
ammonia or surface-broadcast urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution. All plots
sampled showed greater concentrations of organic C, exchangeable K, and Bray-1
extractable P in the surface 5-cm increment of soil than deeper in the sampled
profile. Exchangeable Ca and Mg concentrations were often less at this depth
than deeper in the profile, particularly when N was applied as
surface-broadcast UAN solution. Soil pH was generally lowest in the zone of N
application. Addition of the rye cover crop had little effect on the
distribution of chemical attributes, other than increasing concentrations of
exchangeable K near the soil surface in several comparisons.
25 NAL Call. No.: S451.P4P45
Cleaning up with dirty farming.
Pruyne, R.
University Park, Pa. : Pennsylvania State University; 1991.
PennState agriculture. p. 8-11; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Conservation tillage; Erosion control; Topsoil;
Erosion
26 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) control with non-selective
herbicides.
Higgins, J.M.; Whitwell, T.; Toler, J.E.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Oct.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 5 (4): p.
884-886; 1991 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Carolina; Triticum aestivum; Weed control; Chemical
control; Glyphosate; Paraquat; Glufosinate; Conservation tillage; Application
rates
27 NAL Call. No.: HD1773.A2N6
Comparative economics of alternative agricultural production systems: a
review.
Fox, G.; Weersink, A.; Sarwar, G.; Duff, S.; Deen, B.
Morgantown, W.Va. : The Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics
Association; 1991 Apr.
Northeastern journal of agricultural and resource economics v. 20 (1): p.
124-142; 1991 Apr. Paper submitted in response to call for papers on the theme
"The Effects of Agricultural Production on Environmental Quality.". Literature
review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North America; Crops; Vegetables; Conservation tillage; Erosion;
Pest control; Environmental protection; Valuation; Externalities; Agricultural
production; Profitability; Economic impact; Literature reviews; Alternative
farming; Organic farming; Traditional farming
28 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
A comparison of broadcast and drill methods for no-till seeding winter wheat.
Collins, B.A.; Fowler, D.B.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Oct.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 72 (4):
p. 1001-1008; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; No-tillage; Sowing date; Sowing
methods; Sowing rates; Broadcasting; Crop establishment; Crop yield; Plant
development; Brassica campestris; Brassica napus; Linum usitatissimum
29 NAL Call. No.: 421 J822
Comparison of slug Mollusca: Pulmonata) trapping in no-till alfalfa.
Barratt, B.I.P.; Byers, R.A.; Bierlein, D.L.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Jun.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (3): p. 917-923; 1993 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Medicago sativa; No-tillage; Plant pests; Slugs;
Trapping; Arion fasciatus; Deroceras laeve; Deroceras reticulatum
Abstract: A comparison of defined-area traps (DATs) and refuge traps (RTs), in
no-till alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to census the slug species Deroceras
reticulatum (Muller), Deroceras laevae (Muller), and Arion fasciatus (Nielson)
was made. The objective of the study was to determine whether Rts could be used
in a range of crop densities and climatic conditions to assess slug
density. In relation to slug density measured by DATs, Rts were less effective
in trapping slugs in spring, when D. reticulatum was very small, but trapped
relatively higher numbers than DATs when slugs were larger. Trapping methods
were assessed between May and November in no-till alfalfa plots with plant
densities ranging from 52 to 99% total plant cover in May to 78 to 91% cover in
July. Alfalfa crop density had no effect upon RT catches except in dry
conditions in June, when Rts collected more slugs in plots with most
vegetation cover. Neither trap collected slugs during severe drought
conditions in July when soil moisture content in the top 5 cm of the soil
profile dropped to about 6%.
30 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
A comparison of wing-chisel tillage with conventional tillage on crop yield,
resource conservation, and economics.
Heilman, M.D.; Hickman, M.V.; Taylor, M.J.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1991 Jan.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 46 (1): p. 78-80; 1991 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Sorghum bicolor; Tillage; Crop yield; Economics
31 NAL Call. No.: 100 M69MI
Compliance means reliance on research and ryegrass.
Broadway, R.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1991 Dec.
MAFES research highlights - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment
Station v. 54 (12): p. 4; 1991 Dec.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Grasslands; Fodder crops; Legislation; Conservation
tillage; Soil conservation
32 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU792
Conservation cropping systems for the semi-arid tropics of north Queensland,
Australia.
Cogle, A.L.; Bateman, R.J.; Heiner, D.H.
East Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization;
1991.
Australian journal of experimental agriculture v. 31 (4): p. 515-523. maps;
1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Queensland; Arachis hypogaea; Sorghum bicolor; Zea mays;
Conservation tillage; Cropping systems; Crop yield; Semiarid zones; Tropics;
Weed control
33 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
Conservation tillage and season effects on soil erosion risk.
Mills, W.C.; Thomas, A.W.; Langdale, G.W.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1991 Nov.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 46 (6): p. 452-460; 1991 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Erosion; Conservation tillage; Watersheds; Rain; Runoff; Losses
from soil systems; Crop management; Probability; Risk; Seasonal variation;
Effects
34 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M58B
Conservation tillage drills available in Michigan.
Pierce, F.J.; Landeck, J.K.; King, R.L.; Harrigan, T.M.
East Lansing, Mich. : The Service; 1992 Jun.
Extension bulletin E - Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan State
University (2337): 4 p.; 1992 Jun.
Language: English
Descriptors: Michigan; Direct sowing; Drills
35 NAL Call. No.: S530.J6
A conservation tillage educational program.
Dickey, E.C.; Jasa, P.J.; Shelton, D.P.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991.
Journal of agronomic education v. 20 (2): p. 102-107; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Conservation tillage; Educational programs; Erosion;
Erosion control; Fuel consumption; Energy conservation; Cooperative extension
service; Program evaluation; Surveys
36 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62
Conservation tillage for burley tobacco: nitrogen recommendations.
Hoyt, G.D.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 Dec.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina State
University v.): p. 36-38; 1992 Dec. In th series analytic: 1993 Burley
Tobacco. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Nicotiana tabacum; Conservation tillage;
Nitrogen; Application rates; Transplanters; Farm machinery; Cover crops
37 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1991 .U5 Map
Conservation tillage in the US 1991., Rev. Oct. 1991..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartographic Center (U.S.)
Ft. Worth, TX : USDA-SCS-National Cartographic Center ; West Lafayette, IN. :
Conservation Technology Information Center, [distributor],; 1991.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Data provided by CTIC 1991. Map prepared using
automated map construction. National Cartographic Center, Fort Worth, Texas
1991. Computer screen image map. Includes graph of "Acres planted by region"
and inset map. 1006643.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage
38 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1992 .U5 Map
Conservation tillage in the US 1992., Rev. Oct. 1992..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartography and Geographic
Information Systems Center (U.S.)
Ft. Worth, TX : USDA-SCS-National Cartography and GIS Center ; West Lafayette,
IN. : Conservation Technology Information Center, [distributor],; 1992.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Source: Data provided by CTIC 1991. Data for
Alaska and Hawaii falls below minimum category. Map prepared using automated
map construction. National Cartography and Geographic Information System
Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 1992. Computer generated map. Includes graph of
"Acres planted by region" and inset map. 1006643.
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage
39 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Conservation tillage, including minimum and no-tillage: January 1979-August
1991.
MacLean, J.T.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Oct.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (92-02): 72 p.; 1991 Oct. Updates QB 90-15.
Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; No-tillage; Minimum tillage; Bibliographies
40 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Conservation tillage overview and terminology.
Hutchinson, R.L.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 108-110; 1993. Meeting held
January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Terminology
41 NAL Call. No.: 100 Al1H
A conservation tillage practice that resists compaction.
Raper, R.L.; Reeves, D.W.; Torbert, H.A.
Auburn, Ala. : Agricultural Experiment Station of Auburn University, 1954-;
1993.
Highlights of agricultural research v. 40 (2): p. 3; 1993.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Cabt; Conservation tillage; Soil compaction; Subsoilers
42 NAL Call. No.: 100 L93 (3)
Conservation tillage studies.
Bollich, P.K.; Leonards, W.J. Jr; Romero, G.R.; Walker, D.M.
Crowley, La. : The Station; 1991.
Annual research report - Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station (83rd): p.
152-160; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Oryza sativa; Cultivars; Conservation tillage
43 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Conservation tillage systems and cotton insect pest management in Louisiana.
Leonard, B.R.; Hutchinson, R.L.; Graves, J.B.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences v. 2: p.
807-810; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Gossypium; Conservation tillage; Insect pests; Pest
control
44 NAL Call. No.: S604.C675 1992
Conservation tillage systems and management crop residue management with
no-till, ridge-till, mulch-till., 1st ed..
Midwest Plan Service
Ames, IA : MidWest Plan Service, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
Dept., Iowa State University,; 1992.
iv, 140 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 28 cm. MWPS-45. Includes
bibliographical references (p. 132-135) and index.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage
45 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1616
Conservation tillage using SCEPTER herbicide [and] SQUADRON herbicide American
Cyanamide Company.. Using SCEPTER herbicide and SQUADRON herbicide in
conservation tillage
American Cyanamid Company
Wayne, NJ : The Company,; 1992.
1 videocassette (13 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 booklet (14 p. ; 28 cm.).
Title on cassette label: Using SCEPTER herbicide and SQUADRON herbicide in
conservation tillage.
Language: English
Descriptors: Herbicides; Conservation tillage
Abstract: Shows how to apply SCEPTER and SQAUDRON herbicides in various
methods of conservation tillage.
46 NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84
Conserving cropland for the future.
Corliss, J.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1991 Jun.
Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service v. 39 (6): p. 12-15; 1991 Jun.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Soil conservation; Erosion; Weed control
47 NAL Call. No.: SB327.M52
Considerations for no tillage in dry beans.
Horny, P.
Saginaw, Mich. : Michigan Bean Shippers Association; 1992.
Michigan dry bean digest v. 16 (3): p. 17; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dry beans; No-tillage
48 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C35
Contribution of Avena spp., used in crop rotation systems under conservation
tillage, to the inoculum levels of some cereal pathogens.
Fernandez, M.R.; Swift Current, Saskatchewan; Santos, H.P. dos
Guelph, Ont. : Canadian Phytopathological Society; 1992.
Canadian journal of plant pathology; Revue Canadienne de phytopathologie v. 14
(4): p. 271-277; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rio grande do sul; Parana; Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare;
Avena sativa; Avena nuda; Cochliobolus sativus; Gibberella zeae; Crop
residues; Pyrenophora avenae; Plant pathogenic fungi; Fungal diseases;
Incidence; Rotations; Conservation tillage; Inoculum density; Field tests;
Greenhouse culture
49 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 W52R
Control of annual bromes and Italian ryegrass using triallate in winter wheat
with varying levels of crop residue.
Aldrich-Markham, S.
S.l. : The Society; 1992.
Research progress report - Western Society of Weed Science. p.
III/155-III/156; 1992. Meeting held on March 9-12, 1992, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oregon; Triticum; Bromus; Herbicides; Lolium multiflorum; Minimum
tillage; Weed control; Crop residues
50 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656 1992 L5643
Controlled wheel traffic effects on soil properties in ridge till..
University of Nebraska--Lincoln thesis : Agronomy
Liebig, Mark A.
1992; 1992.
ix, 97 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references.
Language: English
51 NAL Call. No.: 100 T25F
Corn hybrids compared in no-till and conventional cropping systems.
Graves, C.R.; West, D.R.; Kincer, D.R.; Harrison, M.P.; Bradley, J.F.
Knoxville, Tenn. : The Station; 1993.
Tennessee farm and home science : progress report - Tennessee Agricultural
Experiment Station (165): p. 11-16; 1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tennessee; Zea mays; No-tillage; Cultivars; Crop yield; Tillage
52 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Corn response to rye cover crop, tillage methods, and planter options.
Raimbault, B.A.; Vyn, T.J.; Tollenaar, M.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (2): p. 287-290; 1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Cover crops; Secale cereale; No-tillage;
Plowing; Tillage; Planters; Coulters; Crop residues; Preplanting treatment;
Application date; Timing; Paraquat; Crop yield; Dry matter accumulation
Abstract: Studies in Ontario have shown that corn (Zea mays L.) yields are
reduced when corn is seeded immediately after rye (Secale cereale L.) harvest
or chemical kill of winter rye. A study was conducted in 1983 and 1984 on a
Maryhill (Typic Hapludalf) loam soil to determine the effect of spring tillage
systems and timing of rye chemical kill on the subsequent corn crop. The rye
was seeded in early October after corn silage harvest. The tillage treatments
consisted of (i) moldboard plow plus secondary tillage, (ii) strip tillage,
(iii) no-tillage with ripple coulters (iv) no-tillage with disc furrowers plus
plow coulters, and (v) no-tillage with ripple coulters plus plow coulters. The
rye kill treatments were early (2 wk before planting) or late (just prior to
corn planting). Corn whole-plant yields averaged 13.6 and 12.4 Mg ha-1 for
early and late rye kill, respectively. Corn yield in the moldboard plow
treatment was higher thin in strip tillage and the average of no-till
treatments; however, using disc furrowers produced yields equal to those with
the moldboard plow treatment. Moving the residue out of the row with disc
furrowers resulted in corn yields that were significantly higher than those in
no-till treatments with ripple coulters. The improvement in plant growth due to
an early rye kill (as opposed to a late rye kill) was often greater with the
conservation tillage systems relative to the moldboard plow treatment. A crop
production system is proposed involving chemical control of a winter rye cover
crop 2 wk before corn planting and planting the corn with a modified no-till
system that removes rye residue from the row area.
53 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Corn root dry matter and nitrogen distribution as determined by sampling
multiple soil cores around individual plants.
Crozier, C.R.; King, L.D.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1993.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 24 (11/12): p. 1127-1138;
1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Zea mays; Roots; Shoots; Dry matter; Dry matter
distribution; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen content; Plant composition;
Spatial distribution; Tillage; No-tillage
54 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Corn-weed interactions with long-term conservation tillage management.
Coffman, C.B.; Frank, J.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Agronomy journal v. 84 (1): p. 17-21; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Zea mays; Crop weed competition; Conservation tillage;
Continuous cropping; Monoculture; Herbicide mixtures; Alachlor; Glyphosate;
Paraquat; Atrazine; Simazine; Cyanazine; Butylate; Eptc; Application rates;
Timing; Application date; Weed control; Chemical control; Crop yield; Grain;
Amaranthus hybridus; Panicum dichotomiflorum
Abstract: The use of monoculture production systems such as continuous corn
(Zea mays L.) in conservation-tillage systems has created a requirement for
information concerning crop and weed responses to annual herbicide inputs. The
objective of this 5-yr investigation (1981-1995) was to evaluate weed problems
and delineate weed and crop interactions in continuous conservation-tillage
corn as affected by annual herbicide applications. Preemergence treatments
contained selected combinations of triazines or a triazine plus alachlor
[2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide]. Preemergence or
preplant incorporated herbicide mixtures were applied at common usage rates and
compared for their effects on weed cover, weed species stability, and grain
production. All plots were essentially weed-free the first year. Weed cover in
most treatments increased significantly by the second year with fall panicum
(Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.) dominating the flora in Years 2 and 3, and
smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.) dominating in Years 4 and 5. Smooth
pigweed reached densities of 85% in several treatments. Fall panicum was the
dominant weed in pre-plant incorporated treatments that contained atrazine [6-
chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine] plus a
carbamothioate herbicide. Grain yields were negatively correlated with fall
panicum densities in the second year in all herbicide treatments. Smooth
pigweed densities were negatively correlated with grain yields in the fifth
year in all preemergence treatments. Smooth pigweed densities were lower in
triazine plus alachlor treatments than in double triazine treatments for the
last 2 yr of the study.
55 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
Costs of conventional and conservation tillage systems.
Weersink, A.; Walker, M.; Swanton, C.; Shaw, J.E.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1992 Jul.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 47 (4): p. 328-334; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Glycine max; Clay soils; Clay loam soils; Sandy
soils; Farm size; Cost analysis; Chiselling; Ridging; No-tillage;
Plowing; Conservation tillage; Comparisons; Total costs; Farm inputs; Farm
machinery; Labor costs; Labor requirements; Variable costs; Herbicides;
Seasonal variation
56 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Cotton ridge-till and minimum tillage systems in Southeast Missouri.
Ayers, V.H.; Albers, D.W.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 503-504; 1993. Meeting held
January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Missouri; Gossypium hirsutum; Ridging; Tillage
57 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Cotton root growth in conventional vs reduced tillage systems.
Lawlor, D.J.; Landivar, J.A.; Vasek, J.; Crenshaw, C.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1991.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences v. 2: p. 817-819; 1991. Paper
presented at the "Cotton Physiology Conference," 1991, San Antonio, Texas.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Gossypium hirsutum; Roots; Growth; Tillage; Minimum
tillage; Crop yield
58 NAL Call. No.: 100 M69MI
Crimson clover benefits soil, crops, and producers.
Broadway, R.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1991 Dec.
MAFES research highlights - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment
Station v. 54 (12): p. 7; 1991 Dec.
Language: English
Descriptors: Trifolium incarnatum; Nitrogen; Nitrogen fixation; Cover crops;
Zea mays; Production costs; No-tillage
59 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Crop mulch effects on Rhizoctonia soil infestation and disease severity in
conservation-tilled cotton.
Rickerl, D.H.; Curl, E.A.; Touchton, J.T.; Gordon, W.B.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Jun.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (6): p. 553-557; 1992 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Gossypium; Vicia villosa; Trifolium incarnatum; Mulches;
Rotations; Fallow; Rhizoctonia solani; Fungal diseases; Conservation tillage;
Crop damage; Emergence; Survival; Soil fungi; Infestation; Population density;
Virulence; Inoculum density; Crop residues; Seasonal variation; Soil
temperature; Paleudults; Coastal plain soils; Sandy loam soils
Abstract: Vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and
fallow (no winter cover crop) were used as mulch crops preceding cotton
planted in a conservation tillage system. In field tests, cotton emergence and
survival were reduced in legume mulches with significant differences at the
second planting in 1985. Assessments of Rhizoctonia soil infestation estimated
using a modified stem trap baiting procedure, indicated higher amounts of
Rhizoctonia in cotton following legume crops than in cotton following fallow.
In greenhouse studies, comparisons of warm (29 +/- 2 degrees C day and 21 +/-2
degrees C night) and cool (29 +/- 2 degrees C day and 10 +/- 2 degrees C night)
temperature regimes imposed on the clover, vetch and fallow treatments,
demonstrated that the cool temperature regime significantly reduced emergence
and survival of cotton seedlings. However, there was no interaction of
cropping treatments (legume cropped or fallowed treatments with temperature
regimes). Cotton seedling disease severity in the greenhouse assay of
field-collected soil samples showed a significant interaction among year, soil
treatment and temperature.
60 NAL Call. No.: aS604.C76 1992
Crop residue management Minnesota job sheet-crop residue use and conservation
tillage.. Minnesota job sheet-crop residue use and conservation tillage
United States, Soil Conservation Service
St. Paul, Minn. : USDA Soil Conservation Service,; 1992; A 57.2:M 66/5.
[4] p. : col. ill. ; 28 cm. Caption title. Shipping list no.: 92-0464-P. June
1992.
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Crop residue management; Crop residues; Soil conservation
61 NAL Call. No.: aS624.I8C76 1992
Crop residue systems for conservation and profit.
United States, Soil Conservation Service
Des Moines, Iowa : The Service,; 1992.
15 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. Cover title. October, 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Crop residue management; Conservation tillage
62 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Crop rotation and tillage effects on corn growth and soil structural
stability.
Raimbault, B.A.; Vyn, T.J.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Nov.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (6): p. 979-985; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Rotations; Medicago sativa; Hordeum vulgare;
Triticum aestivum; Trifolium pratense; Continuous cropping; Sequential
cropping; Intercropping; Tillage; Minimum tillage; Crop yield; Grain; Growth
rate; Soil structure; Aggregates; Stability; Long term experiments
Abstract: Increasing concerns about soil degradation with continuous corn (Zea
mays L.) production and a scarcity of scientific information regarding corn
grown in rotation with the diversity of crops produced in Ontario,
prompted a long term study on the effect of various crop rotations and their
interaction with two tillage systems on corn growth and soil structure. Eight
rotations were established in 1980 which included continuous corn, six
rotations comprised of 2 yr of corn following 2 yr of another crop or crop
sequence, and continuous alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Each rotation was
divided into either conventional tillage (fall moldboard plow) or minimum
tillage (fall chisel plow). First-year corn grown in rotation yielded 3.9% more
than continuous corn for conventional tillage and 7.9% more than
continuous corn for minimum tillage. These corn responses to rotation were
smaller than most of those reported in the literature. When barley (Hordeum
vulgare L.) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were the preceding crops,
interseeding red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) increased first year corn
yields only on conventionally tilled plots. Corn plant development was
consistently slower with minimum tillage compared to conventional tillage.
Yields were significantly lower with minimum tillage for continuous corn and
where corn followed wheat interseeded with red clover. Little or no response to
rotation was observed in second-year corn. The seedbed with continuous corn had
a lower proportion of fine aggregates compared to corn grown in rotation. In
most years soil aggregate stability was highest under continuous alfalfa and
including a legume (whether alfalfa or interseeded red clover) in the rotation
improved aggregate stability compared to continuous corn.
63 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
Crop sequences and conservation tillage to control irrigation furrow erosion
and increase farmer income.
Carter, D.L.; Berg, R.D.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1991 Mar.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 46 (2): p. 139-142; 1991 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Furrows; Erosion; Furrow irrigation;
Sequential cropping; Research
64 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Crop yields and economic returns accompanying the transition to alternative
farming systems.
Smolik, J.D.; Dobbs, T.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (2): p. 153-161; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Northern plains states of U.S.A.; Farming systems;
Organic farming; Crop yield; Tillage; Ridging; Minimum tillage; Rowcrops; Field
crops; Grain crops; Rotations; Herbicides; Fertilizers; Precipitation; Economic
evaluation; Returns; Profits; Farm income; Production costs;
Comparisons
65 NAL Call. No.: S590.S65
Cropping systems effects of a newly-cleared ultisol in Southern Nigeria.
Lal, R.; Ghuman, B.S.; Shearer, W.
Cremlingen-Destedt, W. Ger. : CATENA Verlag; 1992 Mar.
Soil technology v. 5 (1): p. 27-38; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Ultisols; Humid tropics; Acid soils; Manihot esculenta;
Elaeis guineensis; Musa; Root crops; Grain crops; Cropping systems; Alley
cropping; Traditional farming; Tropical rain forests; Land clearance; Erosion;
Earthworms; Biological activity in soil; Crop production; Crop yield; Dry
season; Wet season; Rain; Temporal variation; Runoff; Infiltration;
No-tillage; Soil structure; Land productivity; Soil fertility; Sustainability
66 NAL Call. No.: 100 OK4 (3)
Cultural control of greenbugs.
Burton, R.L.; Burd, J.D.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Station; 1991 May.
Miscellaneous publication - Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma State
University (132): p. 262; 1991 May. In the series analytic: Aphid-Plant
Interaction: Populations to Molecules / edited by D.C. Peters, J.A. Webster,
and C.S. Chlouber. Paper presented at a symposium held August 12-17, 1990,
Stillwater, Oklahoma. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Nebraska; Schizaphis graminum; Insect control; Cultural
control; No-tillage
67 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Decreasing rates of nonselective herbicides in double-crop no-till soybeans
(Glycine max).
Moseley, C.M.; Hagood, E.S. Jr
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 5 (1): p.
198-201; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Glycine max; Double cropping; No-tillage; Weed control;
Chemical control; Chlorimuron; Linuron; Glyphosate; Paraquat; Herbicide
mixtures; Digitaria sanguinalis; Application rates
68 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Demonstration of how fertilizer placement interacts with root growth.
Kaspar, T.C.; Cruse, R.M.; Timmons, D.R.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1417): p. 63-68;
1991 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated Farm Management Demonstration
Program. 1990 Progress Report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Nitrogen fertilizers; Conservation tillage; Liquid
fertilizer distributors; Crop yield
69 NAL Call. No.: S671.A66
Design and performance of a bed-forming machine for controlled-traffic
no-tillage system.
Morrison, J.E. Jr
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1992 Mar.
Applied engineering in agriculture v. 8 (2): p. 179-182; 1992 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Farm machinery; Structural design; Performance; Land
forming; Raised beds; No-tillage; Clay soils; Conservation tillage
Abstract: An experimental bed-forming machine was designed and developed for
the operational conditions of controlled-traffic, tillage, cropping systems on
the Texas Blackland Prairie. The machine was front mounted on a
two-wheel-drive tractor to cut two spaced furrows and form raised wide beds
when initiating such a tillage and cropping system. Subsequent rebedding was
conducted after one or more cropping years, when the soil was covered with crop
residues. The experimental machine was satisfactory in difficult clay soils.
Alternative furrow plows could be used for other soil conditions.
70 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Differential phosphorus retention in soil profiles under no-till crop
production.
Guertal, E.A.; Eckert, D.J.; Traina, S.J.; Logan, T.J.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Mar.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (2): p. 410-413; 1991 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Zea mays; Phosphorus; Soil chemistry; Soil fertility;
No-tillage; Extraction; Field tests; Sorption
Abstract: Field trials in Ohio have shown that the Bray-1 P soil-test level
for optimum corn (Zea mays L.) production is greater for no-till than for
conventionally (moldboard plow) tilled corn. Studies using Hoytville silty clay
loam (fine, illitic, mesic Mollic Ochraqualf) and Canfield silt loam (fine-
loamy, mixed, mesic Aquic Fragiudalf) taken from long-term no-tillage plots
indicated decreased retention of P against the Bray-1 extractant in surface
soils, compared with samples from deeper within the soil profile. In an effort
to further examine the P-retention characteristics of no-till soil profiles,
experiments were prepared using P-sorption isotherms, before and after a series
of sequential anion resin extractions. Prior to sequential extractions, the
isotherms showed decreased sorption of P at the soil surface (0-2 cm), compared
with deeper soil layers. Resin extraction removed more P from surface layers
than deeper depths, and the quantity of P removed with each extraction declined
much more quickly in the surface layers than in lower depths. After resin
extraction there was a trend for greater retention of P against the Bray-1
extractant in the upper soil layers. Sorption isotherms created after resin
extraction show increased P sorption at all depths and closer agreement between
the shape of the isotherm curves. It appears that accumulated P on the soil
surface saturates P fixation sites, resulting in differential retention of P
with depth.
71 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Directed sprayer for targeting pesticides.
Morrison, J.E. Jr; Chandler, J.M.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Apr.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (2): p.
441-444; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rowcrops; No-tillage; Conservation tillage; Pesticides;
Application methods; Sprayers
72 NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
Diurnal abundance and spatial distribution of armyworm, (Lepidoptera:
Noctuidae) in no-till corn.
Laub, C.A.; Luna, J.M.
Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1991 Apr.
Journal of entomological science v. 26 (2): p. 261-266; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Zea mays; Mythimna unipuncta; Diurnal activity; Spatial
distribution; Feeding behavior; Sampling; No-tillage
73 NAL Call. No.: S79.E8
Doublecropping systems for soybean and beef production.
Hovermale, C.H.; Davis, J.D.; St. Louis, D.G.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1992 Apr.
Technical bulletin - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station
(181): 8 p.; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Glycine max; Beef cattle; Double cropping; Grazing;
No-tillage; Aerial sowing; Crop yield; Stocking rate
74 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Early preplant atrazine and metolachlor in conservation tillage corn (Zea
mays).
Buhler, D.D.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 5 (1): p.
66-71; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Zea mays; Weed control; Chemical control; Atrazine;
Metolachlor; Preplanting treatment; Application methods; Timing; No-tillage;
Chiselling; Conservation tillage; Abutilon theophrasti; Setaria faberi
75 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Early season herbicide applications for weed control in stale seedbed soybean
(Glycine max).
Bruff, S.A.; Shaw, D.R.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (1): p.
36-44; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Glycine max; Weed control; Chemical control; Cassia
obtusifolia; Ipomoea lacunosa; Sesbania exaltata; Chlorimuron; Glyphosate;
Imazaquin; Metribuzin; Paraquat; Conservation tillage; Application date; Crop
yield
76 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
Ecofallow and winter wheat weed control with UCC C4243.
Bell, A.R.; Walz, A.W.; Joy, D.N.
Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 807-812; 1991. Conference
held November 18-21, 1991, Brighton, England.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Amaranthus retroflexus; Kochia scoparia; Weed
control; Herbicides; No-tillage
77 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Economic analysis of alternative cropping systems for a bean/wheat rotation on
light-textured soils.
Yiridoe, E.K.; Weersink, A.; Roy, R.C.; Swanton, C.J.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1993 Apr.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 73 (2):
p. 405-415; 1993 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Triticum aestivum; Glycine max; Phaseolus vulgaris; No-
tillage; Tillage; Rotations; Sandy loam soils; Crop yield; Returns;
Production costs; Cover crops; Secale cereale; Zea mays
78 NAL Call. No.: 100 L939
An economic analysis of reduced tillage cotton production.
Paxton, K.W.; Lavergne, D.R.
Baton Rouge, La. : The Station; 1991.
Louisiana agriculture - Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station v. 34 (4): p.
8-9; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Gossypium; Minimum tillage; Economic analysis; Crop
production
79 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Economic analysis of ridge-till and minimum till systems in Missouri.
Reinbott, D.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 505-507; 1993. Meeting held
January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Missouri; Ridging; Minimum tillage; Economic analysis
80 NAL Call. No.: 281.8 C16
Economic comparison of alternative tillage systems under risk.
Weersink, A.; Walker, M.; Swanton, C.; Shaw, J.
Ottawa : Canadian Agricultural Economics and Farm Management Society; 1992 Jul.
Canadian journal of agricultural economics; Revue Canadienne d'economie rurale
v. 40 (2): p. 199-217; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Maize; Soybeans; Cash crops; Tillage; No-tillage;
Chiselling; Production costs; Farm comparisons; Risk; Ranking; Farm income;
Farm size; Soil types; Stochastic processes; Conservation tillage; Alternative
farming; Ridging; Crop yield; Zea mays; Glycine max
81 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
An economic comparison of the wheat-fallow and wheat-sorghum-fallow cropping
systems.
Norwood, C.A.; Dhuyvetter, K.C.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (2): p. 261-266; 1993 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Cabt; Triticum aestivum; Sorghum bicolor; Crop yield;
Fallow; Rotations; Minimum tillage; No-tillage; Economic analysis; Acreage;
Production costs; Deficiency payments; Federal programs; Returns
82 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
The economics of alternative tillage systems, crop rotations, and herbicide use
on three representative East-Central Corn Belt farms.
Martin, M.A.; Schreiber, M.M.; Riepe, J.R.; Bahr, J.R.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 299-307; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Indiana; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Glycine max; Cost benefit
analysis; Conservation tillage; Sustainability; Integrated pest management;
Alternative farming; Farm income; Farm inputs; Herbicides; Weed control;
Rotations; Farm size; No-tillage; Farm results; Crop yield; Continuous
cropping; Chiselling; Mathematical models; Linear programming
Abstract: A linear programming model was used to determine which crop
rotations and weed management systems result in the highest net farm income for
each of three farm sizes (120, 240, and 480 hectares) under alternative tillage
systems. Test plot data for the years 1981 through 1988 from the
Purdue University Agronomy Farm, which has highly productive, well-drained
soils, were analyzed. Net incomes for no-till tillage systems on all farms in
the model were consistently and significantly lower than incomes for moldboard
and chisel plow tillage systems due to slightly lower yields and substantially
higher herbicide costs. Generally, net farm incomes were slightly higher with a
moldboard plow versus chisel plow tillage system. Also, as farm size
increased, per hectare net incomes increased. About 80% of the time under
moldboard or chisel plow tillage systems, the model chose as optimal the
lowest of three herbicide application rates. A corn/soybean rotation was
chosen as optimal on 56% of the farm area analyzed, versus 25% for continuous
corn and 13% for a corn/soybean/wheat rotation.
83 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Economics of reduced tillage cotton production systems in Louisiana.
Paxton, K.W.; Lavergne, D.R.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1991.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences v. 1: p. 400-401; 1991. Paper
presented at the "Cotton Economics and Marketing Conference," 1991, San
Antonio, Texas. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Gossypium hirsutum; Crop production; Minimum tillage;
Cost benefit analysis
84 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Effect of 2,4-D and dicamba residues on following crops in conservation
tillage systems.
Moyer, J.R.; Bergen, P.; Schaalje, G.B.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (1): p.
149-155; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Lens culinaris; Pisum
sativum; Brassica napus; Rotations; Medicago sativa; Conservation tillage; Weed
control; Chemical control; Herbicide residues; 2,4-d; Dicamba;
Glyphosate; Residual effects; Application date; Phytotoxicity; Crop damage;
Spring; Sowing date; Crop yield
85 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46
Effect of different soil cultivation systems, including no-tillage, on
electro-ultrafiltration extractable organic nitrogen.
Hutsch, B.; Mengel, K.
Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-; 1993.
Biology and fertility of soils v. 16 (3): p. 233-237; 1993. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cultivation; No-tillage; Mineralization; Nitrogen; Soil
fertility; Soil organic matter; Ultrafiltration
86 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Effect of different tillage systems on energy conservation.
Cruse, R.M.; Colvin, T.S.; Musselman, A.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1992 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1467): p. 11-16;
1992 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated farm management demonstration
program--1991 progress report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Conservation tillage; Energy conservation; Erosion; Crop
yield; Crop residues
87 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Effect of different tillage systems on energy conservation.
Cruse, R.M.; Colvin, T.S.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1417): p. 19-22;
1991 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated Farm Management Demonstration
Program. 1990 Progress Report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Conservation tillage; Energy conservation; Demonstration
farms; Tillage; Yields
88 NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
Effect of disk harrowing on subsequent emergence of Hessian fly (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) adults from wheat stubble.
Zeiss, M.R.; Brandenburg, R.L.; Van Duyn, J.W.
Griffin, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1993 Jan.
Journal of entomological science v. 28 (1): p. 8-15; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Triticum aestivum; Glycine max; Mayetiola
destructor; Insect control; Stubble; Disc harrows; Tillage; No-tillage
89 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Effect of nitrogen and nitrogen placement on no-till small grains: plant
nitrogen relationships.
Jackson, G.D.; Kushnak, G.D.; Berg, R.K.; Carlson, G.R.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 23 (17/20): p. 2425-2435;
1992. In the Special Issue: International symposium on soil testing and plant
analysis in the global community. Paper presented at the second international
symposium, August 22-27, 1991, Orlando, Florida. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare; No-tillage; Nitrogen
fertilizers; Application rates; Placement; Nitrogen; Soil testing; Nutrient
uptake; Protein content; Grain; Nutrient content
90 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Effect of nitrogen and nitrogen placement on no-till small grains: plant yield
relationships.
Kushnak, G.D.; Jackson, G.D.; Berg, R.K.; Carlson, G.R.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 23 (17/20): p. 2437-2449;
1992. In the Special Issue: International symposium on soil testing and plant
analysis in the global community. Paper presented at the second international
symposium, August 22-27, 1991, Orlando, Florida. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare; No-tillage;
Continuous cropping; Soil testing; Nitrogen; Nutrient content; Nitrogen
fertilizers; Use efficiency; Placement; Application rates; Crop yield
91 NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67
Effect of several production factors on two varieties of rapeseed in the
central United States.
Yusuf, R.I.; Bullock, D.G.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1993.
Journal of plant nutrition v. 16 (7): p. 1279-1288; 1993. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Brassica napus; Ammonium nitrate; Application rates;
Application date; Planting date; Tillage; Crop yield; Rapeseed oil; Nitrogen
content; Lodging; Overwintering; Survival; Cultivars; Split dressings
Abstract: Two varieties of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus) (Cobra and
Liborius) were planted at Brownstown, IL to evaluate the effect of planting
date, nitrogen (N) rate, N application timing, and tillage on grain yield and
oil content of the grain, grain moisture, plant lodging, winter survival, and
plant N content. Results indicated that planting rapeseed approximately one to
two weeks prior to winter wheat in this region is preferable to planting
earlier. Grain yield showed a significant linear increase with delayed
planting date from 25 August to 24 September. Grain yield also increased
quadratically with increasing N rate (with an optimum of about 250 kg N/ha) and
increased (0.15 Mg/ha) due to splitting the N fertilizer into two even
applications. An increase in grain yield was accompanied by an increase in
grain moisture with Liborius (late maturing) having significantly greater grain
moisture than Cobra. Winter survival increased linearly with delayed planting
date but, was accompanied by a significant quadratic increase in plant lodging.
Chisel, as compared to disk tillage, increased plant lodging slightly, but
decreased winter survival slightly. Neither delayed planting, N rate, nor
splitting of spring N affected oil content. Liborius produced
significantly more oil than did Cobra.
92 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Effect of soil compaction on activity and biomass of endogeic lumbricids in
arable soils.
Sochtig, W.; Larink, O.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Dec.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (12): p. 1595-1599; 1992 Dec. In the
special issue ISEE 4. Proceedings of the "4th International Symposium on
Earthworm Ecology," June 11-15, 1990, Avignon, France / edited by A.
Kretzschmar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Germany; Aporrectodea caliginosa; Aporrectodea; Earthworms;
Lumbricidae; Species; Soil compaction; Population density; Biomass; Biological
activity in soil; Soil density; Farm machinery; Traffic; Triticum aestivum;
Conservation tillage
Abstract: Between June 1988 and October 1989 the effect of soil compaction on
abundance and biomass of active lumbricids was investigated in a longterm field
experiment under spring-wheat and winter-barley. Seven plots were
subjected to loads by agricultural machinery under conditions simulating three
common kinds of agricultural practice and compared to an unloaded control plot
(Table 1). The dominant species of the investigation area, Aporrectodea
caliginosa and A. rosea (99.3% of total individual number) had their highest
activity and biomass in the uncompact control plot. Lowest individual numbers
were found in the extremely loaded wheel-track and the conservation tillage
area. The extensive cultivation of this area began just at the start of the
field experiment, so that a greater earthworm population had not had time to
establish itself In pot experiments the activity of the endogeic species A.
caliginosa was investigated in tripartioned soil columns (40 cm long X 19 cm
wide), each differently compact to pore volumes (pv) of 37.5, 42.5, 47.5 and
56%. A significantly higher activity, measured as the length and the number of
the burrows visible from outside, was found in the lighter substrates. The
volume number extent of earthworm burrows was as much as 2 times higher in the
47.5 and 56% pv columns than in the more compact 42.5 and 37.5% pv columns.
93 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Effect of straw, ash, and tillage on dissipation of imazaquin and imazethapyr.
Monks, C.D.; Bank, P.A.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed science v. 41 (1): p. 133-137; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Cabt; Gossypium hirsutum; Imazaquin; Imazethapyr;
Application rates; Persistence; Sandy loam soils; Silt loam soils; Straw
burning; Ash; Tillage; No-tillage; Crop damage; Glycine max; Rotations
Abstract: Experiments were conducted on a Cedarbluff silt loam and a Cecil
sandy loam to determine dissipation of imazaquin and imazethapyr as influenced
by burning small-grain straw and tillage prior to soybean planting. Corn
bioassay detection limits for imazaquin and imazethapyr in the Cedarbluff silt
loam were 2.5 to 30 and 5 to 40 ppbw, respectively. Bioassay detection limits
for imazaquin and imazethapyr in the Cecil sandy loam were 2.5 to 20 and 10 to
40 ppbw, respectively. Imazaquin and imazethapyr activity was not detectable in
soil by 110 to 152 d after treatment. Imazethapyr dissipation was not
affected by burning or tillage in the Cedarbluff silt loam and dissipated more
slowly in 1989 than imazaquin. Imazaquin dissipation in the Cedarbluff silt
loam in 1988 was slower in burned plots than in nonburned plots but was not
affected by burning in 1989. No differences were observed between imazaquin and
imazethapyr dissipation in the Cecil sandy loam and neither burning or tillage
influenced their rate of dissipation in either year. No-till-planted cotton was
injured at both locations by imazaquin and imazethapyr that had been applied
the previous year.
94 NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
Effect of three tillage practices on development of northern corn leaf blight
(Exserohilum turcicum) under continuous corn.
Pedersen, W.L.; Oldham, M.G.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Nov.
Plant disease v. 76 (1): p. 1161-1164; 1992 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Zea mays; Hybrids; Setosphaeria turcica; Blight;
Continuous cropping; Conservation tillage; No-tillage; Virulence; Crop yield;
Correlation; Lodging; Varietal reactions
95 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Effect of tillage on cotton plant populations and seedling diseases.
Colyer, P.D.; Vernon, P.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1993 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (1): p. 108-111; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Gossypium hirsutum; Seedlings; Conservation tillage;
Tillage; Plant disease control; Chemical control; Aldicarb; Quintozene;
Etridiazole; Crop establishment; Crop density; Vigor; Plant diseases;
Incidence; Disease resistance; Crop yield; Seeds; Indexes; Seasonal variation
96 NAL Call. No.: 421 J822
Effect of tillage practices and weed management on survival of stalk borer
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs and larvae.
Levine, E.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Jun.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (3): p. 924-928; 1993 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Zea mays; Seedlings; Papaipema nebris; Survival;
Cultural control; Insect control; Tillage; Weed control; Weeds
Abstract: Increased use of conservation tillage by midwestern corn growers in
the 1970s and 1980s has led to a greater incidence of problems with the stalk
borer, Papaipema nebris (Guenee). In particular, serious infestations have
occurred throughout entire fields where no-till is practiced. A 3-yr factorial
experiment (1983-1986) assessed the effect of three tillage practices (fall
moldboard plow and spring disk, fall chisel plow and spring disk, and no-till)
at two levels of weed management (weed growth present or absent in spring) on
the survival of stalk borer eggs and development of larvae from surviving eggs.
Injury to corn was used as a relative measure of stalk borer survival. Egg
masses were infested on or immediately adjacent to grassy weeds after harvest
but before tillage operations took place. Winter wheat was sowed in the fall to
supplement natural weed growth in the plots with no weed control. In plots with
the high level of weed control, plant growth was controlled, as needed, with
paraquat in spring before planting. In all three studies, the tillage X weed
management interaction was not significant and the
moldboard-plow treatment significantly decreased stalk borer damage when
compared with the no-till treatment. The chisel-plow treatment was generally
intermediate between the no-till treatment and the moldboard-plow treatment in
reducing stalk borer damage. The absence of weed growth in spring tended to
decrease infestations of larvae, although the difference in damage between the
two levels of weed management was significant in only one of the study
periods. In that period, the interval between predicted 50% stalk borer egg
hatch and the one-leaf-stage of corn development was greater than that
interval for the other two studies. Even with the burial of eggs by soil with
the moldboard-plow treatment, some larvae successfully eclosed and survived to
damage corn seedlings in two of the three studies, with or without the
presence of weeds. Although the resul
97 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant (Setaria faberi) and
green foxtail (Setaria viridis).
Buhler, D.D.; Mester, T.C.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 200-203; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Setaria faberi; Setaria viridis; Weed biology; Cultural weed
control; Conservation tillage; Plowing; Chiselling; Seedling emergence;
Population density; Buried seeds; Depth
Abstract: The effect of tillage systems on depth of emergence and densities of
giant and green foxtail under different environmental and cropping
conditions were evaluated from 1985 to 1987 at Arlington, Hancock, and
Janesville, WI. Mean emergence depths in no-till were the shallowest, followed
by chisel plow and conventional tillage at each location. At least 40% of the
giant and green foxtail plants emerged from the upper 1 cm of soil in no-till
compared to about 25% in chisel plow and less than 15% in conventional
tillage. As many as 25% of the plants emerged from greater than 4 cm in
conventional tillage compared to about 10% in chisel plow and less than 5% in
no-till. Seedlings emerged from greater depths in a loamy sand than in a silt
loam soil regardless of tillage system. At Arlington, green foxtail was the
dominant species in conventional tillage, while giant foxtail dominated in
chisel plow and no-till. Foxtail densities were greater in chisel plow and no-
till than in conventional tillage at all three locations.
98 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Effect of vegetation suppression on the establishment of sod-seeded alfalfa in
the Aspen Parkland.
Bowes, G.G.; Zentner, R.P.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Oct.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 72 (4):
p. 1349-1358; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Medicago sativa; Bromus inermis; Crop
establishment; Crop yield; Glyphosate; Rotary cultivation; Economic analysis
99 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Effectiveness and economics of repeated sequences of herbicides for Canada
thistle (Cirsium arvense) control in reduced-till spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum).
Donald, W.W.; Prato, T.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Apr.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 72 (2):
p. 599-618; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Canada; Triticum aestivum; Cirsium arvense; Bromoxynil;
Chlorsulfuron; 2,4-d; Dicamba; Glyphosate; Mcpa; Application date; Herbicidal
properties; Weed control
100 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59
Effects of coated seed on alfalfa stand density and yield in reduced tillage
systems.
Cosgrove, D.R.; Daley, P.E.; Koenig, L.G.; Ritten, T.J.
Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991.
Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p. 166-170; 1991. Meeting
held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia, Missouri. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Medicago sativa; Stand establishment; Seed treatment; No-tillage;
Plowing; Crop density; Crop yield
101 NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
Effects of crop rotation and residue management practices on severity of tan
spot of winter wheat.
Bockus, W.W.; Claassen, M.M.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Jun.
Plant disease v. 76 (6): p. 633-636; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; Pyrenophora
tritici-repentis; Fungal diseases; Plant disease control; Continuous cropping;
Rotations; Sorghum bicolor; Plowing; Blade plowing; No-tillage; Chiselling;
Discing; Crop residues; Virulence; Leaves; Symptoms; Epidemiology
102 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
Effects of cultivation and seed shedding on the population dynamics of Galium
aparine in winter wheat crops.
Wilson, B.J.; Wright, K.J.
Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 813-820; 1991. Conference
held November 18-21, 1991, Brighton, England. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uk; Triticum aestivum; Galium aparine; Plant density; No-tillage;
Cultivation; Herbicides; Weed control
103 NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
Effects of fallow and of summer and winter crops on survival of wheat
pathogens in crop residues.
Fernandez, M.R.; Fernandes, J.M.; Sutton, J.C.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1993 Jul.
Plant disease v. 77 (7): p. 698-703; 1993 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rio grande do sul; Triticum; Gibberella zeae; Cochliobolus
sativus; Leptosphaeria nodorum; Survival; Crop residues; Fallow; Sequential
cropping; Conservation tillage; Incidence; Populations
104 NAL Call. No.: HD1775.S8E262 no.91-1
Effects of including alfalfa in whole-farm plans comparison of conventional,
ridge till, and alternative farming systems.
Mends, Clarence; Dobbs, Thomas L.
South Dakota State University, Economics Dept
Brookings, S.D. : Economics Dept., South Dakota State University,; 1991.
ii, 21 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Eco nomics staff paper series ; no. 91-1.). April
1991. Includes bibliographical references (p. 21).
Language: English
Descriptors: Agricultural systems; Alternative agriculture; Alfalfa; Tillage
105 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
The effects of nitrogen, row spacing and seeding rate on the yield of flax
under a zero-till production system.
Lafond, G.P.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1993 Apr.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 73 (2):
p. 375-382; 1993 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Linum usitatissimum; No-tillage; Row spacing;
Sowing rates; Crop density; Crop establishment; Crop yield; Ammonium nitrate;
Ammonium phosphates; Application rates; Plant height
106 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Effects of planting dates and tillage systems on the economics of hard red
winter wheat production.
Epplin, F.M.; Beck, D.E.; Krenzer, E.G. Jr; Heer, W.F.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1993 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (1): p. 57-62; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Triticum aestivum; Sowing date; Tillage; No-tillage;
Comparisons; Crop yield; Economic analysis; Risk
107 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Effects of strip intercropping and no-tillage on some pest and beneficial
invertebrates of corn in Ohio.
Tonhasca, A. Jr; Stinner, B.R.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1251-1258; 1991 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Zea mays; Agrotis ipsilon; Mythimna unipuncta; Slugs;
Diabrotica virgifera; Ostrinia nubilalis; Intercropping; No-tillage; Predators
of insect pests; Biological control agents
Abstract: We tested two agronomic practices that are likely to increase plant
and structural diversity, no-tillage and strip intercropping, for effects on
corn invertebrate fauna. Some of the most common herbivores and natural
enemies were sampled by direct counts and damage estimation from 1988 through
1990 on monoculture corn and strips of corn alternated with soybean, under no-
tillage and conventional tillage. Among soil pests, cut-worms (mostly the black
cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel)); armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta
(Haworth); and slugs (Gastropoda) were more abundant in no-tillage plots,
although only slugs caused severe damage. The western corn rootworm,
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, and the European corn borer, Ostrinia
nubitalis (Hubner), were generally more abundant in conventional tillage
plots. Despite crop rotation, the strip-intercropping system (four rows of each
crop) was less effective in reducing western corn rootworm infestation,
especially in conventional tillage plots. In 1990 only, ladybugs (mostly
Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer)) were more abundant in conventional tillage
plots, whereas tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois),
were more abundant in no-tillage plots. Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica
Newman; stink bugs, Acrosternum hilare (Say) and Euschistus serous (Say); and
spiders (Aranea) were not significantly affected by treatments.
108 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Effects of tillage and application method on clomazone, imazaquin, and
imazethapyr persistence.
Curran, W.S.; Liebl, R.A.; Simmons, F.W.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Jul.
Weed science v. 40 (3): p. 482-489; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Glycine max; Rotations; Zea mays; Weed control;
Chemical control; Clomazone; Imazaquin; Imazethapyr; Persistence; Residual
effects; Crop damage; Phytotoxicity; No-tillage; Minimum tillage; Plowing;
Application methods
Abstract: Effects of tillage and herbicide application method on the
persistence and residual activity of clomazone, imazaquin, and imazethapyr were
investigated in a 2-yr field study. Herbicides were applied preemergence and
preplant incorporated to conventional- and reduced-tillage soybeans in 1987 and
1988. Herbicide dissipation was monitored using chromatographic and bioassay
techniques. In 1987, dissipation rates for clomazone, imazaquin, and
imazethapyr were similar, regardless of tillage system or application method.
In 1988, all three herbicides applied preplant incorporated dissipated more
slowly than in preemergence treatments. Corn planted in rotation in 1989
displayed greater levels of injury in the incorporated treatments for all three
herbicides. Although herbicide concentrations were similar 322 d
following application in both tillage treatments in 1989, corn injury was
greater with imazaquin and imazethapyr and less with clomazone in the
reduced-tillage plots than in the conventional-tillage treatments.
109 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W412
Effects of tillage, application time and rate on metribuzin dissipation.
Sorenson, B.A.; Shea, P.J.; Roeth, F.W.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Dec.
Weed research v. 31 (6): p. 335-345; 1991 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Glycine max; Zea mays; Triticum aestivum; Rotations;
Weed control; Metribuzin; Application date; Application methods; Application
rates; Tillage; No-tillage; Crop yield; Herbicide residues; Silt loam soils
110 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Effects of tillage on vertical distribution and viability of weed seed in soil.
Yenish, J.P.; Doll, J.D.; Buhler, D.D.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Jul.
Weed science v. 40 (3): p. 429-433; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Chenopodium album; Annuals; Weeds; Seeds; Seed banks;
Weed biology; Seed germination; Population dynamics; Spatial distribution;
Tillage; No-tillage; Conservation tillage; Plowing
Abstract: The effect of different levels of tillage and weed management on
population, distribution, and germination of weed seed was evaluated in three
tillage systems at Arlington and Hancock, WI, in 1989 and 1990. Over 60% of all
weed seed in the top 19 cm of soil were found in the top 1 cm in
no-tillage at both sites. As depth increased, concentration of weed seed
declined logarithmically in no-tillage. In chisel plowing, over 30% of seed
were in the top 1 cm and seed concentration decreased linearly with depth.
Moldboard plowing had uniform distribution of weed seed in the top 19 cm of
soil. Preemergence metolachlor plus atrazine decreased weed seed population by
50% compared with no treatment over all tillage systems. One year of the
herbicide treatment plus handweeding to assure weed-free conditions did not
reduce seed numbers in chisel plowing or moldboard plowing compared to
herbicide alone. Seed numbers with no-tillage and weed-free conditions
decreased by 40% relative to herbicide alone. Common lambsquarters germination
was 40% greater in moldboard plowing and chisel plowing compared with
no-tillage. Germination was highest in seed taken from 9 to 19 cm deep in
moldboard plowing and from 0 to 9 cm deep in chisel plowing.
111 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
The effects of tillage systems on the economic performance of spring wheat,
winter wheat, flax and field pea production in east-central Saskatchewan.
Lafond, G.P.; Zentner, R.P.; Geremia, R.; Derksen, D.A.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1993 Jan.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 73 (1):
p. 47-54; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Pisum sativum; Linum usitatissimum; Triticum
aestivum; Fallow systems; Minimum tillage; No-tillage; Rotations; Stubble
cultivation; Sustainability; Cost benefit analysis
112 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Effects of weed and invertebrate control on alfalfa establishment in oat
stubble.
Stout, W.L.; Byers, R.A.; Leath, K.T.; Bahler, C.C.; Hoffman, L.D.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (3): p. 349-352; 1992 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Medicago sativa; Crop establishment; Avena sativa;
Stubble; Conservation; No-tillage; Pest control; Weeds; Slugs; Insect pests;
Seeds; Seedlings; Growth analysis
113 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Efficiency and economics of herbicides for Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense)
control in no-till spring wheat (Triticum aestivum).
Donald, W.W.; Prato, T.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Apr.
Weed science v. 40 (2): p. 233-240; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; No-tillage; Weed control; Chemical control;
Cirsium arvense; Chlorsulfuron; Clopyralid; 2,4-d; Mcpa; Bromoxynil; Herbicide
mixtures; Application rates; Perennial weeds; Adventitious roots; Buds; Cost
benefit analysis; Returns
Abstract: The objective of this field research was to compare relative
effectiveness and profitability of alternative herbicides applied to the same
plots for four consecutive years for controlling and reducing dense Canada
thistle infestations in no-till spring wheat. Chlorsulfuron at 30 g ai ha-1
plus nonionic surfactant or clopyralid plus 2,4-D at 70 plus 280 g ae ha-1,
respectively, applied annually for 4 yr controlled Canada thistle and was more
effective for gradually reducing Canada thistle stands than 2,4-D at 560 g ae
ha-1, MCPA plus bromoxynil at 280 plus 280 g ae ha-1, or tribenuron at 20 g ai
ha-1. Chlorsulfuron and clopyralid plus 2,4-D also controlled Canada thistle
greater than or equal to 90% earlier (by 2 yr) than other treatments.
Stochastic dominance analysis, a form of economic analysis, predicted that
either chlorsulfuron or clopyralid plus 2,4-D would be preferred by farmers to
the untreated check, MCPA plus bromoxynil, or 2,4-D treatments. Chlorsulfuron
also would be preferred to clopyralid plus 2,4-D by risk-neutral farmers,
whereas clopyralid plus 2,4-D would be preferred to chlorsulfuron by highly
risk-averse farmers, those who are most likely to pick only consistently
effective herbicides.
114 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Energy utilization as affected by traffic in conservation and conventional
tillage systems.
Burt, E.C.; Reeves, D.W.; Raper, R.L.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences v. 1: p.
502-504; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium; Energy consumption; Conservation tillage; Tillage
115 NAL Call. No.: S671.A66
Enhancing soil conservation practice adoption with targeted educational
programs.
Dickey, E.C.; Shelton, D.P.; Jasa, P.J.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1991 Jan.
Applied engineering in agriculture v. 7 (1): p. 91-96; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Soil conservation; Erosion; Conservation tillage;
Educational programs
Abstract: Two independent, but closely related, grant funded educational
programs were developed and implemented to reduce soil erosion in selected
areas of eastern Nebraska. Traditional extension programming methods as well as
other more non-traditional approaches were used extensively to enhance soil
conservation practice adoption. In one program, encompassing 220 000 ha
(540,000 acre) of cropland, annual soil erosion was reduced by 2.3 million t
(2.5 million ton) and annual fuel savings of 1.5 million L (390,000 gal) were
achieved through a reduction in the number of tillage operations. In the
second project, more than 93 000 m (305,000 ft) of terraces were constructed,
which resulted in an annual soil erosion reduction of 151 000 t (166,000 ton).
These projects demonstrated that targeted conservation programs can be very
effective.
116 NAL Call. No.: S590.S65
Erosion risk assessment for soil conservation planning.
Thomas, A.W.; Snyder, W.M.; Mills, W.C.; Dillard, A.L.
Cremlingen-Destedt, W. Ger. : CATENA Verlag; 1991 Dec.
Soil technology v. 4 (4): p. 373-389; 1991 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Erosion; Risk; Assessment; Uncertainty; Soil
conservation; Planning; Universal soil loss equation; Soil; Losses from soil
systems; Seasonal variation; Probability; Climatic factors; Seasonal
fluctuations; Probability analysis; Simulation; Glycine max; Monoculture;
Fallow; Tillage; No-tillage; Conservation tillage; Coverage; Crop residues;
Planting date
117 NAL Call. No.: S561.6.A82E96
Estimating 1993 production costs in Arkansas: soybeans--no-till, following
wheat, loamy soils, flood irrigation.
Windham, T.E.; Stuart, C.A.
Fayetteville, Ark.?: The Service; 1992 Nov.
Extension technical bulletin - UA Cooperative Extension Service (185): 8 p.;
1992 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arkansas; Glycine max; Production costs; Estimation; Farm
budgeting; Loam soils; Flood irrigation; Triticum aestivum; No-tillage;
Rotations
118 NAL Call. No.: S67.P82
An evaluation of conservation tillage systems for cotton on the Macon Ridge.
Baton Rouge, La.? : The Service; 1991 Dec.
Publication - Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service (2460): 23 p.; 1991 Dec.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Gossypium hirsutum; Conservation tillage; Field tests;
Crop yield; Cost benefit analysis; Herbicides; Insect control
119 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Evaluation of cotton growth in ridge till systems Southeast Missouri.
Mobley, J.B.; Albers, D.W.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 508-509; 1993. Meeting held
January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Language: English
Descriptors: Missouri; Gossypium hirsutum; Ridging
120 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656 1992 B347
Evaluation of opener and presswheel combinations on a no-till grain drill when
seeding wheat.. University of Nebraska--Lincoln thesis : Agricultural
Engineering
Bahri, Abdeljabar
1992; 1992.
viii, 111 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical
references.
Language: English
121 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Fall-applied herbicides for Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) root and root bud
control in reduced-till spring wheat.
Donald, W.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Apr.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (2): p.
252-261; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Perennial weeds; Weed control; Chemical
control; Cirsium arvense; Adventitious roots; Buds; Root systems; Dicamba;
Bromoxynil; Chlorsulfuron; 2,4-d; Mcpa
122 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Fallow method affects downy brome population in winter wheat.
Tanaka, D.L.; Anderson, R.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (1): p. 117-119; 1992 Jan. Paper
presented at a symposium on "Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems"
presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, January 14-19, 1991, San Francisco, California.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; Bromus tectorum;
Population change; Stubble mulching; Minimum tillage; No-tillage; Fallow
123 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU792
Farming duplex soils: a farmer's perspective.
Edwards, I.
East Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization;
1992.
Australian journal of experimental agriculture v. 32 (7): p. 811-814; 1992.
Special issue: Crop production on duplex soils. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Western australia; Trifolium subterraneum; Triticum; Crop
management; Duplex soils; Minimum tillage; Rotations; Sustainability; Weed
control; Fungus control; Gaeumannomyces graminis; Crop yield
124 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Farming system studies.
Woodard, H.; Claypool, D.; Smolik, J.; Rickerl, D.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1991.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (97): 3 p.
(soil PR 90-13); 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Rotations; Minimum tillage; Nutrient content
125 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Farming systems, 1991: 1991 crop yields.
Smolik, J.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Oct.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (99): 8 p.;
1992 Oct. In the series analytic: Soil science research in the Plant Science
Department : 1991 Annual Report. Soil PR 91-4.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Farming systems research; Crop yield; Plant
diseases; Rotations; Rain; Conservation tillage; Herbicides; Weed control
126 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Farming systems studies, 1990: overview and cultural practices.
Smolik, J.; Gerwing, J.; Hall, B.; Rickerl, D.; Schumacher, T.; Woodard, H.;
Wrage, L.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1991.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (97): 9 p.
(soil PR 90-30); 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Rotations; Minimum tillage; Field crops; Crop
yield; Soil properties
127 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Farming systems studies, 1991.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Oct.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (99): 6 p.;
1992 Oct. In the series analytic: Soil science research in the Plant Science
Department : 1991 Annual Report. Soil PR 91-3.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Farming systems research; Rotations; Conservation
tillage; Alternative farming; Minimum tillage; Row tillage; Crop yield; Cost
benefit analysis
128 NAL Call. No.: aS604.F37 1993
Farming with crop residues.
United States, Soil Conservation Service
Champaign, Ill. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service,; 1993;
A 57.2:F 22/8.
33 p. : ill. ; 16 cm. Cover title. Shipping list no.: 93-0227-P. "January
1993"--P. [4] of cover. "CRM-190-11-12"--P. [4] of cover.
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Crop residue management; Conservation tillage
129 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Fate of eggs of first-generation Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in
three conservation tillage systems.
Andow, D.A.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Apr.
Environmental entomology v. 21 (2): p. 388-393; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Zea mays; Ostrinia nubilalis; Ova; Chrysopa;
Trichogramma; Predation; Parasites of insect pests; Conservation tillage
Abstract: Percentage hatch, chewing predation, Chrysopa sp. predation, other
sucking predation, and parasitism by Trichogramma sp. of egg masses of
first-generation Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) were estimated in spring chisel
plow, ridge tillage, and no-tillage maize, Zea mays L., in southeastern
Minnesota during 1986 and 1987. Tillage plots were split with and without
terbufos application and with and without Bacillus thuringiensis-permethrin
application in all combinations. Egg masses from laboratory reared O.
nubilalis were exposed to natural enemies in the field eight times during the
oviposition period of first-generation O. nubilalis, and population densities
of Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer were estimated. Parasitism was 0.6% and
predation was low during 1986. During 1987, chewing predation was highest in
the chisel-plow system and lowest in the no-tillage system; Chrysopa sp.
predation was lowest in the chisel-plow system and highest in the no-tillage
system. C. maculata population densities were highest in the chisel-plow
system and lowest in the no-tillage system, and chewing predation was
positively related to C. maculata density. Predation by other unknown chewing
predators was also higher in the chisel-plow system and lowest in the
no-tillage system. The inverse relation between chewing and Chrysopa sp.
predation was probably related to species-specific responses to the tillage
environments.
130 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Feasibility of no-tillage and ridge tillage systems in the Northeastern USA.
Cox, W.J.; Otis, D.J.; Van Es, H.M.; Gaffney, F.B.; Snyder, D.P.; Reynolds,
K.R.; Van der Grinten, M.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (1): p. 111-117; 1992 Jan. Paper
presented at a symposium on "Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems"
presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, January 14-19, 1991, San Francisco, California.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Zea mays; No-tillage; Conservation tillage; Tillage;
Plowing; Crop density; Crop yield; Feasibility studies
131 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Fertilization practices in conservation tillage.
Denton, P.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 113-116; 1993. Meeting held
January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Fertilizer technology
132 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Fertilizer management effect on recovery of labeled nitrogen by continuous no-
till.
Timmons, D.R.; Baker, J.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 May23.
Agronomy journal v. 84 (3): p. 490-496; 1992 May23. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Continuous cropping; No-tillage; Nitrogen
fertilizers; Use efficiency; Application rates; Radioactive tracers;
Application methods; Crop yield
Abstract: Improved fertilizer N management with respect to placement and
timing is especially important in high-residue systems designed to improve N-
use efficiency and to speed adoption of erosion controlling tillage
practices. By means of point-injection technology, fertilizer solutions now can
be applied and soil-incorporated with minimal disturbance of surface
residue or existing plants. This study was conducted in large non-weighing
lysimeters (with reconstituted soil horizons) to determine the recovery of 15N-
labeled urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution by continuous no-till corn (Zea
mays L.) during the initial year of application and two subsequent years for
four N management systems. The UAN solution was point-injected in split
applications at rates of 125 or 200 kg N ha-1, or knifed-in or surface-banded
right after plant emergence at 200 kg N ba-1. For the initial year of 15N
application, the percent recovery of labeled N (NR) in grain was 48, 39, 33,
and 30% for point-injected (low rate/split), point-injected (high rate/split),
knifed-in, and surface-banded, respectively. The percentage of total grain N
derived from labeled N (Nf) ranged from 57 to 67% and was in the order of
point-injected (high rate/split) > knifed-in > point-injected (low rate/split)
> surface-banded. Residual labeled N recovery in grain ranged from 2.3 to 4.6%
for the second season and from 0.9 to 1.0% for the third season with no
significant differences among application treatments for either season. After
rive seasons the NR values for labeled N determined in the soil N pool still
ranged from 20 to 26%. UAN solution applied in split applications with the
point injector was used more efficiently by corn than when knifed-in or
surface-banded in a single application, indicating the point-injection/split
application system is an option for improved N management in no-till corn.
133 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Fertilizer placement and tillage effects of nitrogen assimilation by wheat.
Rao, S.C.; Dao, T.H.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Nov.
Journal of the American Society of Agronomy v. 84 (6): p. 1028-1032; 1992 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Triticum aestivum; Seasonal fluctuations; Nutrient
uptake; Nitrogen; Assimilation; Nitrogen fertilizers; Placement; Application
rates; Phosphorus fertilizers; No-tillage; Tillage; Nitrate nitrogen; Use
efficiency; Crude protein; Plant composition; Crop yield; Grain; Wheat straw;
Nitrogen metabolism
Abstract: Little information is available concerning tillage effects on
seasonal N accumulation and their effect on wheat yield. Field studies were
conducted to determine the effects of fertilizer N placement and tillage
practices on the reduction and assimilation of N in winter wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) during 1984 through 1987 on Renfrow silt loam (fine, mixed,
thermic, Uderic, Paleustolls) near El Reno, OK. Fertilizer N (50 kg ha-1) and P
(60 kg ha-1) including 4 kg N ha(-1) and 11 kg P ha(-1), with the seed was
applied in the fall. In the spring, an additional 50 to 100 kg N ha(-1) as
ammonium nitrate was either broadcast or placed in narrow bands on the soil
surface. Nitrate reductase (NR) activity, NO3-N, and crude protein (CP)
content of wheat plants were determined periodically during spring growth until
anthesis, and final grain and straw yield and their CP contents were
determined. The NR activity in early spring was slightly greater during early
spring in plants grown under no-till when compared to conventional till in 1985
and 1986, whereas the reverse was observed in 1987. lncreased NR activity was
paralleled by an increase in vegetative CP. Placement of N in a narrow band on
the soil surface in the spring improved NR activity levels, but the effect of N
placement had little effect on CP concentration. Grain yield
followed NR activity levels and was 36% higher in no-till in 1985, similar in
1986, but 51% lower in 1987 than conventionally tilled plots. Placement of N in
narrow bands increased N-use efficiency by increasing N reduction and
assimilation; but had little effect on the yield of grain and straw in both
tillage methods.
134 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IL62C
Field and forage crops.
Henn, T.; Weinzierl, R.; Gray, M.; Steffey, K.
Urbana, Ill. : The Service; 1991 Feb.
Circular - University of Illinois, Cooperative Extension Service (1307): 26 p.;
1991 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Field crops; Fodder crops; Pest management;
Insecticides; Insect pests; Rotations; Pest resistance; Trap crops;
Conservation tillage
135 NAL Call. No.: 275.8 AG8
A field based model for adult education in agriculture.
Bruening, T.H.; Martin, R.A.
Henry, Ill. : The Magazine; 1991 Apr.
The Agricultural education magazine v. 63 (10): p. 8-9; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Agricultural education; Adult education; Program development;
Program evaluation; Conservation tillage
136 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Foliar disease development in no-till winter wheat: influence of agronomic
practices on powdery mildew development.
Tompkins, D.K.; Wright, A.T.; Fowler, D.B.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Jul.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 72 (3):
p. 965-972; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Fungus control; Cultivars;
Interactions; Nitrogen fertilizers; No-tillage; Row spacing; Sowing rates
137 NAL Call. No.: S592.17.A73A74
Fractionation of micronutrient cations in a selected Saudi Arabian soil
subjected to different tillage practices.
Falatah, A.M.
Washington, DC : Taylor & Francis; 1993 Jan.
Arid soil research and rehabilitation v. 7 (1): p. 63-70; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saudi arabia; Calcareous soils; Conservation tillage; Tillage; No-
tillage; Harrowing; Chiselling; Plowing; Discing; Comparisons; Zinc;
Copper; Manganese; Iron; Cations; Chemical speciation; Distribution; Nutrient
availability; Soil organic matter; Soil ph; Cation exchange capacity
138 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Genotype-by-tillage interactions in hard red winter wheat quality evaluation.
Cox, D.J.; Shelton, D.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.
Agronomy Journal v. 84 (4): p. 627-630; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; Genotypes;
Genotype environment interaction; No-tillage; Tillage; Conservation tillage;
Variety trials; Varietal reactions; Crop yield; Crop quality; Wheat flour;
Baking quality; Breadmaking; Protein content
Abstract: Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is grown under both
conventional-till and conservation-till systems in the Northern Great Plains. A
benefit of sowing winter wheat into standing stubble is the protection the crop
receives from trapped snow and the resultant reduction in winter kill. A 5-yr
study was conducted at four locations in North Dakota to measure
cultivar-by-tillage interactions for quality parameters of wheat and to
determine whether testing under both conventional-till and no-till systems was
advantageous. Fourteen hard red winter wheat cultivars were planted during
1984-1985 through 1988-1989 in a Max loam (fine-loamy, mixed, Typic
Haploborolls) at both Williston and Minot, in a Svea loam (fine-loamy, mixed,
Pachic Udic Haploborolls) at Langdon, and in a Bearden silty clay (fine-silty,
frigid, Aeric Caldaquolls) or Gardena silty loam (coarse-silty, mixed, Pachic
Udic Haploborolts) at Fargo. Significant cultivar-by-tillage interactions (P <
0.05 or P < 0.01) were obtained for volume weight, protein content, and flour
when the analysis was restricted to environments in which wheat winter killed.
A change in rank order of cultivars was detected only for volume weight. For
the other quality parameters measured, evaluation of winter wheats grown in
conventional-till and no-till plots resulted in similar relative performance of
cultivars.
139 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82S
'Good' and 'bad' years in one.
Beck, D.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992.
South Dakota farm & home research - South Dakota, Agricultural Experiment
Station v. 43 (1): p. 15-17; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Irrigation; Rotations; Conservation tillage
140 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Grain rye residues and weed control strategies in reduced tillage potatoes.
Lanfranconi, L.E.; Bellinder, R.R.; Wallace, R.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 7 (1): p.
23-28; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Cabt; Solanum tuberosum; Minimum tillage; Tillage; Crop
residues; Secale cereale; Weed control; Galinsoga ciliata; Chemical control;
Linuron; Metolachlor; Metribuzin; Application rates; Crop yield; Tubers
141 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Grain rye residues and weed control strategies in reduced tillage potatoes.
Lanfranconi, L.E.; Bellinder, R.R.; Wallace, R.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (4): p.
1021-1026; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Cabt; Solanum tuberosum; Tillage; Minimum tillage;
Secale cereale; Linuron; Metolachlor; Hilling; Metribuzin; Efficacy; Crop
yield; Weed control; Amaranthus retroflexus; Chenopodium album; Galinsoga
ciliata; Chemical control; Cultural control
142 NAL Call. No.: S604.G78 1991
A Guide to ridge-till in the Central Plains.
Hodson, Eric
Servi-Tech, Inc
Topeka, KS : Lone Tree Pub. Co.,; 1991.
73 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ridge-till
143 NAL Call. No.: 421 J822
Habitat and food preferences of Allonemobius allardi (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
and potential damage to alfalfa in conservation-tillage systems.
Jacobs, S.B.; Byers, R.A.; Anderson, S.G.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Journal of economic entomology v. 85 (5): p. 1933-1939; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Medicago sativa; Crop damage; Dactylis glomerata;
Weeds; Gryllidae; Food preferences; Habitats; Conservation tillage
Abstract: Population estimates of the cricket Allonemobius allardi (Alexander
& Thomas) in orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L.; alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.;
and weedy fields revealed significantly lower cricket densities for alfalfa
compared with orchardgrass and weed fields. However, densities were not
significantly different between orchardgrass and weed fields despite a
considerable dissimilarity in vegetative composition. Laboratory feeding
studies suggest that crickets preferred to forage on the substrate and had
difficulty recognizing preferred food plants that were elevated above the
substrate. Crickets preferred alfalfa to bluegrass, thatch, or oats, but
preferred bluegrass to thatch. No significant difference in feeding was
observed between whole alfalfa leaves and alfalfa leaf disks when both were
placed horizontally on the testing arena substrate. The contents of crops from
field-collected crickets showed Alternaria, rust spores, and fungi occur
relatively frequently but do not account for a substantial percentage of
cricket crop contents. Legumes and dandelion also occur with a moderately high
frequency and are a major component of crop contents. Cage tests in glasshouse
and field showed one to two cricket adults per 0.09 m2 reduced alfalfa
seedling numbers by 1-20% in the 2 wk from seedling emergence to formation of
the first trifoliate in conservation-tillage systems when alfalfa was planted
in oat stubble.
144 NAL Call. No.: SB925.B5
Habitat use patterns by the seven-spotted lady beetle (Coleoptera:
Coccinellidae) in a diverse agricultural landscape.
Maredia, K.M.; Gage, S.H.; Landis, D.A.; Scriber, J.M.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Jun.
Biological control v. 2 (2): p. 159-165; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Michigan; Coccinella septempunctata; Biological control agents;
Habitats; Zea mays; Triticum aestivum; Populus; Medicago sativa; Insect
control; Tillage; No-tillage; Habitat selection; Prey; Aphidoidea;
Availability; Ecology
145 NAL Call. No.: 57.8 SO4
Helping producers with conservation compliance.
O'Brien-Wray, K.
St. Louis, Mo. : Solutions Magazine; 1992 Mar.
Solutions v. 36 (3): p. 18-22; 1992 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; U.S.A.; Conservation tillage; Soil conservation;
Legislation; Surveys; Crop residues
146 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) and wild blackberry (Rubus allegheniensis)
control in no-tillage corn (Zea mays).
Glenn, S.; Anderson, N.G.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 7 (1): p.
47-51; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Cabt; Zea mays; No-tillage; Weed control; Apocynum
cannabinum; Rubus allegheniensis; Chemical control; Herbicide mixtures; 2,4-d;
Dicamba; Triclopyr; Oils; Sulfonylurea herbicides; Crop yield; Grain;
Phytotoxicity; Crop damage; Application rates
147 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Herbicide comparisons on quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) within different crop
competition and tillage conditions.
Harker, K.N.; O'Sullivan, P.A.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed science v. 41 (1): p. 94-99; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Canada; Cabt; Elymus repens; Crop weed competition; Tillage; No-
tillage; Cloproxydim; Fluazifop; Haloxyfop; Quizalofop; Sethoxydim;
Application rates; Weed control; Efficiency
Abstract: Five herbicides (cloproxydim, fluazifop, haloxyfop, quizalofop, and
sethoxydim) were compared from 1984 to 1988 at 250 and 400 g ha-1 for
controlling quackgrass within different crop competition and tillage
conditions at the Lacombe Research Station. Crop competition usually augmented
quackgrass control with the herbicides in conventional-tillage plots although
direct statistical comparisons were not made. Without crop competition,
haloxyfop and quizalofop at 250 g ha-1 were more effective than the other
herbicides in conventional tillage 1 mo after treatment (MAT). In a
conventional-tillage situation on a unit active ingredient basis, the
herbicides ranked in order of decreasing activity as follows: quizalofop
greater than or equal to haloxyfop > fluazifop > cloproxydim > sethoxydim. In a
zero-tillage situation, none of the herbicides reduced quackgrass shoot weights
by 50% 3 MAT. However, haloxyfop and quizalofop were more effective in
suppressing quackgrass shoot weight than the other herbicides in the
zero-tillage experiments 3 MAT.
148 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Herbicide programs in no-tillage and conventional-tillage soybeans (Glycine
max) double cropped after wheat (Triticum aestivum).
Sims, B.D.; Guethle, D.R.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Apr.
Weed science v. 40 (2): p. 255-263; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Triticum aestivum; Glycine max; Double cropping; No-
tillage; Tillage; Weed control; Chemical control; Alachlor; Linuron;
Metribuzin; Sethoxydim; Xanthium strumarium; Pharbitis hederacea; Digitaria
sanguinalis; Amaranthus hybridus; Application date; Timing; Herbicide
mixtures; Plant density; Weeds
Abstract: Postemergence and commonly used preemergence plus postemergence
herbicide programs were evaluated for weed control in conventional and
no-tillage soybeans double cropped after winter wheat in the northern
Mississippi River Delta. Broadleaf weed species present varied with tillage,
location, and year. Large crabgrass was present in both tillage systems for all
locations and years. Conventional tillage usually resulted in higher
densities of large crabgrass, common cocklebur, and smooth pigweed.
Soil-applied preemergence herbicides alone did not provide season-long ivyleaf
and entireleaf morningglory or common cocklebur control in either tillage
system. For weed control and soybean yields comparable to weed-free controls,
postemergence broadleaf herbicides were required in both tillage systems
following the soil-applied herbicide programs, alachlor plus linuron and
alachlor plus metribuzin. Postemergence herbicide programs provided excellent
season-long annual grass and broadleaf weed control when sethoxydim was
applied separately from the broadleaf herbicides. Antagonism of large
crabgrass control resulted when sethoxydim was tank mixed with postemergence
broadleaf herbicides, compared to separate applications of the postemergence
grass and broadleaf herbicides. In three out of four studies, soybean yields in
handweeded controls were similar between tillage systems.
149 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Imazethapyr for weed control in no-till soybean (Glycine max).
Lueschen, W.E.; Hoverstad, T.R.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Oct.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 5 (4): p.
845-851; 1991 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Glycine max; No-tillage; Weed control; Chemical
control; Imazethapyr; Metribuzin; Abutilon theophrasti; Amaranthus
retroflexus; Chenopodium album; Setaria faberi; Herbicide mixtures;
Application date; Timing; Split dressings
150 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 SO8 (P)
Impact of continuous no-tillage on weed management.
Witt, W.W.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Society :.; 1991.
Proceedings - Southern Weed Science Society v. 44: p. 70-72; 1991. Paper
presented at the meeting on "Perception: Fact or Fiction", held January 14-16,
1991, San Antonio, Texas.
Language: English
Descriptors: No-tillage; Weed control; Pest management
151 NAL Call. No.: HD1775.O5C87
Impacts of alternative winter wheat planting dates on grain yield and
economics for no-till and coventional tillage systems.
Epplin, F.M.; Beck, D.E.; Krenzer, E.G. Jr
Stillwater, Okla. : The Station; 1991 Sep.
Current farm economics - Agricultural Experiment Station, Division of
Agriculture, Oklahoma State University v. 64 (3): p. 3-12; 1991 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Triticum aestivum; No-tillage; Planting date; Crop
yield; Production costs; Economic evaluation
152 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
In situ labeling of legume residues with a foliar application of a
15N-enriched urea solution.
Zebarth, B.J.; Alder, V.; Sheard, R.W.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22 (5/6): p. 437-447;
1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: British Columbia; Medicago sativa; Trifolium pratense; Legumes;
Plant residues; Urea fertilizers; Foliar application; Isotope labeling;
Nitrogen; No-tillage; Nutrient content; Plant nutrition; Silt loam soils; Crop
yield
153 NAL Call. No.: 464.8 P56
Incidence of Bipolaris and Fusarium on subcrown internodes of spring barley and
wheat grown in continuous conservation tillage.
Windels, C.E.; Wiersma, J.V.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Jun.
Phytopathology v. 82 (6): p. 699-705; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Cochliobolus sativus;
Fusarium; Gibberella acuminata; Gibberella avenacea; Fusarium culmorum;
Gibberella zeae; Cultivars; Pathogenicity; Minimum tillage; Chiselling;
Tillage; Quantitative analysis; Internodes; Genetic variation
154 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
Infiltration in a Piedmont soil under three tillage systems.
Freese, R.C.; Cassel, D.K.; Denton, H.P.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1993 May.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 48 (3): p. 214-218; 1993 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Zea mays; Infiltration; No-tillage; Chiselling;
Plowing; Discing; Conservation tillage; Temporal variation; Soil compaction;
Crop yield
155 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Influence of agronomic practices on canopy microclimate and septoria
development in no-till winter wheat produced in the Parkland region of
Saskatchewan.
Tompkins, D.K.; Fowler, D.B.; Wright, A.T.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1993 Jan.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de phytotechnie v. 73 (1):
p. 331-344; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Agronomy; Canopy; Microclimate;
Nitrogen; No-tillage; Row spacing; Septoria; Soil fertility; Sowing rates
156 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Influence of application time on bioactivity of imazethapyr in no-tillage
soybean (Glycine max).
Buhler, D.D.; Proost, R.T.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Jan.
Weed science v. 40 (1): p. 122-126; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Glycine max; No-tillage; Weed control; Chemical
control; Imazethapyr; Application date; Seedling emergence; Timing;
Application rates; Preplanting treatment; Metolachlor; Herbicide mixtures;
Residual effects; Chenopodium album; Setaria faberi; Abutilon theophrasti;
Conservation tillage; Crop yield
Abstract: Field research was conducted at Arlington, WI, in 1988 and 1989 to
determine the influence of application time on weed control and residue
carryover with imazethapyr in no-tillage soybean production. Imazethapyr at
greater than or equal to 55 g ai ha-1 applied early preplant controlled > 90%
of the common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, and giant foxtail before no-tillage
planting of soybean. Early preplant and sequential treatments with an early
preplant component controlled greater than or equal to 88% of all weeds for the
entire growing season. Delaying the initial imazethapyr application until
immediately after soybean planting reduced weed control compared to the early
preplant treatments. Low level of weed control with planting time treatments
appeared to be due to a lack of control of common lambsquarters emerged at the
time of imazethapyr application and dry weather following imazethapyr
application. No soybean injury from imazethapyr was observed and differences in
soybean yield appeared to be due to differences in weed control. No
significant carryover of imazethapyr was detected through a corn bioassay in
the field.
157 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Influence of cultivation on soil nitrogen pools.
Antisari, L.V.; Marzadori, C.; Ciavatta, C.; Sequi, P.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 23 (5/6): p. 585-599;
1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Italy; Soil chemistry; Fixed ammonium; Nitrogen; Determination;
Soil depth; Tillage; Minimum tillage; Soil analysis; Beta vulgaris; Zea mays;
Triticum
158 NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
Influence of glyphosate on Rhizoctonia root rot, growth, and yield of barley.
Smiley, R.W.; Ogg, A.G. Jr; Cook, R.J.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Sep.
Plant disease v. 76 (9): p. 937-942; 1992 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oregon; Washington; Hordeum vulgare; Rhizoctonia; Root rots;
Population dynamics; Volunteer plants; Weed control; Glyphosate; Timing;
Application date; Seasonal variation; Disease prevalence; Incidence; Crop
yield; Crop damage; Direct sowing; Planting date; Mollisols; Growth analysis;
No-tillage; Tillage
159 NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F
Influence of hairy vetch on weed control and soybean yield.
Oliver, L.R.; Klingaman, T.E.; Eldridge, I.L.
Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1992 Sep.
Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station v. 41 (5): p.
8-9; 1992 Sep.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arkansas; Glycine max; Vicia villosa; Weed control; No-tillage;
Experimental design; Crop yield; Herbicides
160 NAL Call. No.: S631.F422
The influence of tillage and cropping-intensity on cereal response to
nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus.
Rasmussen, P.E.; Douglas, C.L. Jr
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992 Jan.
Fertilizer research : an international journal on fertilizer use and
technology v. 31 (1): p. 15-19; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oregon; Triticum aestivum; Fallow; Hordeum vulgare; Rotations;
Tillage; No-tillage; Use efficiency; Nitrogen; Sulfur; Phosphorus; Nutrient
deficiencies; Ammonium thiosulfate; Ammonium nitrate; Ammonium sulfate;
Monoammonium phosphate; Urea ammonium nitrate; Ammonium polyphosphates;
Application rates; Responses; Crop yield; Grain
Abstract: Efficient fertilizer use is a prerequisite for achieving optimum
crop yield while avoiding environmental contamination. Cereal response to
nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P) were determined for 6 years under
differing tillage [conventional-till (CT) vs. no-till (NT)] and intensity of
cropping (cereal/fallow vs. cereal/cereal). Semidwarf white winter wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) alternated yearly with either fallow or spring cereal
[barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or spring wheat] on a Typic Haploxeroll soil in a
415 mm rainfall zone. Fertilizer treatments were no fertilizer (None), N only
(N), N plus S (NS), and N plus S plus P (NSP). Average application rate, when
applied, was 109 kg N, 18 kg S, and 11 kg P ha-1. Average cereal yield without
fertilizer was 1.82 t ha-1. Nitrogen increased grain yield in 6 of 6, S in 4 of
6, and P in 3 of 6 years, with P and S response significant the remaining years
at the 10% probability level. Average yield increases were 1.11 t ha-1 for N,
0.93 t ha-1 for S, and 0.47 t ha-1 for P. The NT/CT yield ratio was 0.60. 0.75.
0.93, and 0.95 with None, N, NS, and NSP addition, respectively, indicating
that N and S deficiency were more severe in no-till. Limited
increase in the NT/CT ratio with P addition indicated that P deficiency was
less affected by tillage. Winter wheat always yielded less under NT than CT
regardless of fertility, whereas spring cereals reached equality when
fertilized with NSP. Annually-cropped wheat yielded 52, 67, 89, and 90% of
wheat after fallow with None, N, NS, and NSP, respectively. Thus N and S, but
not P, deficiency was more intense with increased frequency of cropping.
Adequate fertility was a prime prerequisite for efficient yield in all
systems.
161 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Influence of tillage, crop rotation, and weed management on giant foxtail
(Setaria faberi) population dynamics and corn yield.
Schreiber, M.M.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992.
Weed science v. 40 (4): p. 645-653; 1992. Paper presented at the "Symposium on
crop/weed management and the dynamics of weed seedbanks," February 11, 1992,
Orlando, Florida. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Indiana; Zea mays; Setaria faberi; Weed biology; Seed banks;
Population density; Population dynamics; Plowing; No-tillage; Rotations;
Allelopathy; Cropping systems; Crop yield; Weed control; Chemical control;
Herbicides
Abstract: A long-term integrated pest management study initiated in 1980 and
continued through 1991 was conducted to determine interactions of tillage, crop
rotation, and herbicide use levels on weed seed populations, weed
populations, and crop yield. This paper presents giant foxtail seed population
and stand along with corn yield in continuous corn, corn rotated with soybean,
or corn following wheat in a soybean-wheat-corn rotation. Increasing herbicide
use levels above the minimum reduced giant foxtail seed in the 0- to 2.5-cm
depth of soil. Reducing tillage from conventional moldboard plowing to
chiseling to no-tilling increased giant foxtail seed in only the top 0 to 2.5
cm of soil. No-tilling increased giant foxtail seed over conventional tillage
in each year data were collected. Growing corn in a soybean-corn or
soybean-wheat-corn rotation reduced giant foxtail seed from corn grown
continuously in all three soil depths sampled: 0 to 2.5 cm, 2.5 to 10 cm, and
10 to 20 cm. Although stands of giant foxtail tended to follow soil weed seed
counts, crop rotation significantly reduced giant foxtail stand with maximum
reduction in the soybean-wheat-corn rotation in all tillage systems. Giant
foxtail stands were reduced following wheat in no-tilling, probably because of
the allelopathic influence of wheat straw. Corn yields showed weed management
levels above minimum control are not justified regardless of tillage and crop
rotation.
162 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Influence of tillage on soybean (Glycine max) herbicide carryover to grass and
legume forage crops in Missouri.
Walsh, J.D.; DeFelice, M.S.; Sims, B.D.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed science v. 41 (1): p. 144-149; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Missouri; Cabt; Fodder crops; Tillage; No-tillage; Herbicides;
Application rates; Persistence; Biomass production; Herbicide residues;
Glycine max; Rotations
Abstract: Studies were established in 1988, 1989, and 1990 at two locations in
Missouri to study the influence of fall tillage and herbicides on carryover of
several residual soybean herbicides to grass and legume forage crops.
Chlorimuron, clomazone, imazaquin, imazethapyr, and metribuzin plus
chlorimuron were applied at their registered and 2X-registered rates in
soybeans. Forage crops were planted the following fall and spring after
herbicide application and evaluated for carryover effects. Fall tillage did not
influence the carryover potential of these herbicides. However, herbicides
injured several of the rotational crops. This injury was crop species and
herbicide specific.
163 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Influence of tillages and insect management systems in a cropping system study
on the lower gulf coast of Texas.
De Spain, R.R.; Benedict, J.H.; Landivar, J.A.; Eddleman, B.R.; Goynes, S.W.;
Ring, D.R.; Parker, R.D.; Treacy, M.F.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences v. 2: p.
811-814; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Conservation tillage; Insect pests; Pest management;
Cropping systems
164 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8
Influence of weed-control practices in the first crop on the tillage
requirements for the succeeding crops in an upland rice-maize-cowpea cropping
sequence.
Elliot, P.C.; Moody, K.
Guildford : Butterworths; 1991 Feb.
Crop protection v. 10 (1): p. 28-33; 1991 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Philippines; Oryza sativa; Upland rice; Sequential cropping; Zea
mays; Vigna unguiculata; Weeding; Hoeing; Manual weed control; Chemical
control; Pendimethalin; No-tillage; Plowing; Harrowing; Crop yield; Grain; Cost
benefit analysis
165 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Influence of winter cover crop suppression practices on seasonal abundance of
armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), cover crop regrowth, and yield in no-till
corn.
Laub, C.A.; Luna, J.M.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (2): p. 749-754; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Mythimna unipuncta; Secale cereale; Cover crops;
No-tillage; Population dynamics; Insect control
Abstract: Rye (Secale cereale L.), used as a winter cover crop, was killed by
paraquat or by mowing with a bushog. In the early stages of subsequent no-till
corn, abundance of armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth), was lower in the
mowed treatment compared with the sprayed treatment in three of five fields and
did not differ in another field. Over the duration of the first armyworm
generation, cumulative armyworm-days in the sprayed treatment were greater than
in the mowed treatment in three of five fields and did not differ in another
field. Mowing the cover crop was 40% less expensive than spraying. Competition
from rye regrowth in the mowed treatment did not diminish yields. Corn silage
yields were increased by mowing (P = 0.07), and the average
increase in net benefit from mowing the cover crop compared with spraying was
$91-113/ba. Cover crop mowing may be an economical and effective means of
managing armyworm populations in no-till corn.
166 NAL Call. No.: 10 OU8
Integrated farming: an ecological farming approach in European agriculture. El
Titi, A.
Oxon : C.A.B. International; 1992 Mar.
Outlook on agriculture v. 21 (1): p. 33-39; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Europe; German federal republic; Farming systems research; Farm
management; Integrated systems; Minimum tillage; Organic farming; Regulations
167 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.A43
Integrated resource management for sustained crop production in arid regions of
India.
Gupta, J.P.; Aggarwal, R.K.
Greenbelt, Md. : Institute for Alternative Agriculture; 1992.
American journal of alternative agriculture v. 7 (4): p. 157-160; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Crop production; Sustainability; Agroforestry;
Silvopastoral systems; Fuelwood; Cultivars; Plant disease control;
Conservation tillage
Abstract: In arid areas of western Rajasthan, major constraints responsible
for low plant production include low and erratic rainfall, high evaporation,
and low soil fertility, particularly with respect to organic carbon and
nitrogen. These problems lead to acute shortages of grain, fodder and
fuelwood. Sustainable crop and biomass production can be achieved through
adoption of agroforestry, silvipastoral, and agrihorticultural systems.
Integrated nutrient and moisture management practices can help in controlling
pathogens and in improving the soil environment for higher sustained
production.
168 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656 1992 S76888
Integrated weed management for corn and soybeans grown in ridge-till and
no-till systems.
Stratman, Gail G.
1992; 1992.
138 leaves ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references.
Language: English
169 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Integration of cereal cover crops in ridge-tillage corn (Zea mays) production.
Eadie, A.G.; Swanton, C.J.; Shaw, J.E.; Anderson, G.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (3): p.
553-560; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Cultivars; Minimum tillage; Ridging; Cereals;
Cover crops; Crop residues; Intercropping; Biomass production; Weed control;
Crop establishment; Plant density; Crop yield
170 NAL Call. No.: SB351.P3P39
Interaction of tillage and cultivars in peanut production systems.
Grichar, W.J.; Smith, O.D.
Raleigh, N.C. : American Peanut Research and Education Society; 1992 Jul.
Peanut science v. 19 (2): p. 95-98; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Arachis hypogaea; Cultivars; Genotypes; Tillage;
No-tillage; Crop yield; Kernels; Corticium rolfsii; Blight; Disease
prevalence; Dry farming
171 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46
Invertebrates and nutrients in a Mediterranean vineyard mulched with
subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.).
Favretto, M.R.; Paoletti, M.G.; Caporali, F.; Nannipieri, P.; Onnis, A.;
Tomei, P.E.
Berlin : Springer International; 1992.
Biology and fertility of soils v. 14 (3): p. 151-158; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tuscany; Trifolium subterraneum; Vineyards; Vitis; Fertilizers;
Application rates; Mulches; Nutrient availability; Soil arthropods; Soil
fertility; Soil invertebrates; Calcium; Potassium; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Crop
yield; No-tillage; Tillage; Comparisons; Soil management
172 NAL Call. No.: HT401.J68
Kinship and personal communication network influences on the adoption of
agriculture conservation technology.
Warriner, G.K.; Moul, T.M.
Oxford : Pergamon Press Ltd; 1992 Jul.
Journal of rural studies v. 8 (3): p. 279-291; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Conservation tillage; Innovation adoption; Kinship;
Decision making; Communication; Diffusion of information; Farm surveys; Farm
management
Abstract: An analysis of personal communication network properties and
kinship ownership arrangements of the farm provides further evidence of
factors influencing the decision to adopt conservation tillage practices. Data
from a mail survey of south-western Ontario, Canada, farmers demonstrate a
positive connection between adoption of conservation forms of tillage and
farming with a family member (other than spouse). Hypotheses relating to the
structural properties of personal communications networks--connectedness,
integration and diversity--are offered as potential explanations for the
relation between kinship ownership and conservation adoption. Logistic
regression reveals the positive influence of network connectedness on adoption
and the negative influence of network integration, partially confirming that
social network variables influence innovation adoption, but failing to account
wholly for the influence of kin ownership arrangements in this decision. Kin
members in the personal network lead to larger networks, as well as members who
are more specialized and informed on innovative farming technologies.
Alternatively, networks mainly comprised of kin are smaller and more
integrated, both factors associated to lesser receptivity for innovative
conservation forms of farming. The results are discussed in the context of the
inconclusive findings to date of the influence of kin in the diffusion of
innovations model for rural sociology.
173 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Land clearing and use in the humid Nigerian tropics. I. Soil physical
properties.
Ghuman, B.S.; Lal, R.; Shearer, W.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (1): p. 178-183; 1991 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Ultisols--particle size distribution--soil density--bulk
density--soil compaction--horizontal infiltration--land
clearance--bulldozers--cropping systems--alley
cropping--pastures--no-tillage--agroforestry
Abstract: Soil physical properties are affected by land clearing use.
Long-range planning in the humid tropics requires monitoring of these effects
for an extended period of time. The effects of two land-clearing methods and
six land-use systems on soil physical properties of an Ultisol were studied for
4 yr in the humid coastal belt of Nigeria. The land-clearing methods were
bulldozer clearing with a shear blade and manual clearing. The six land-use
systems were comprised of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)-based cropping,
oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)-based cropping, alley cropping, plantain
(Musa spp.), pasture, and improved forestry, all under no-tillage. Soil
physical properties were measured 90 d after clearing prior to planting, and at
2 and 4 yr after cropping. The soil texture of the 0-10 cm layer was not
affected by clearing methods. Soil compaction increased to 30 cm with shear
blade and 20 cm with manual clearing. With respect to the forested control,
shear blade and manual clearing increased the bulk density in the 0- to 10-cm
layer by 22 and 14%, respectively. nificantly more for the pasture than the
other systems. Three months after clearing, the steady infiltration rates were
89, 20 and 32 cm h-1 in the forested control and shear-blade and manually
cleared plots, respectively. Infiltration rate increased to 47 and 51 cm h-1 in
the shear-blade cleared and increased to 290 and then decreased to 156 cm h-1
in the manually cleared plots after 2 and 4 yr cropping, respectively.
174 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Land clearing and use in the humid Nigerian tropics. II. Soil chemical
properties.
Ghuman, B.S.; Lal, R.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (1): p. 184-188; 1991 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Ultisols; Exchangeable cations; Magnesium; Potassium;
Soil ph; Calcium ions; Phosphorus; Nitrogen content; Soil organic matter; Land
clearance; Bulldozers; Cropping systems; Alley cropping; Pastures; No-tillage;
Windrows; Agroforestry
Abstract: A 4-yr study was conducted to investigate the effects of land
clearing and subsequent land use on chemical properties of an Ultisol at
Okomu, southern Nigeria. After 1 yr of cropping, soil pH, available P, and
exchangeable Ca, Mg and K in the topsoil (0-10 cm) were significantly higher in
the windrow zones of the shear-blade-cleared plots than in the nonwindrow
zones, manually cleared plots, or forested control. In manual clearing, the
organic-C and total-N contents declined below that of the forested control with
3 yr of cropping. Soil pH after 4 yrs and exchangeable K after 2 and 4 yr of
cropping were significantly higher in the pasture system than in the other
systems. In a given system, pH, organic C, and available P decreased with
cropping time. Total N decreased with cropping time in all systems but pasture
where there was a little increase. The levels of exchangeable Ca+2 and Mg+2
also decreased with cropping duration in all systems except the alley cropping
in which their concentrations increased. The K+ content decreased with time in
all systems but the pasture in which its level remained unchanged owing to
returning of the hay to the field after cutting.
175 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Leaching and runoff losses of herbicides in a tilled and untilled field.
Hall, J.K.; Mumma, R.O.; Watts, D.W.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Nov.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 37 (4): p. 303-314; 1991 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Zea mays; Simazine; Atrazine; Cyanazine;
Metolachlor; Leaching; Runoff; Tillage; No-tillage; Losses; Silty soils; Clay
loam soils; Application rates
176 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Limpograss sod management and aeschynomene seed reserve effects on legume
reestablishment.
Chaparro, C.J.; Sollenberger, L.E.; Jones, C.S. Jr
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 84 (2): p. 195-200; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Aeschynomene Americana; Seed banks; Oversowing;
Hemarthria altissima; Stand establishment; No-tillage; Discing; Spring;
Summer; Grazing effects; Timing; Botanical composition; Forage; Grassland
improvement; Sward renovation; Environmental factors
Abstract: Aeschynomene (Aeschynomene americana L.) is a warm-season, annual
legume that is well adapted to wet habitats. Stands must regenerate from seed
each year, so size of seed reserve and management of the associated grass in
winter and spring are important. In 1988 and 1989, effects of aeschynomene
soil-seed reserve (simulated by broadcasting known quantities of seed in the
pod) and winter-spring management of a limpograss [Hemarthria altissima
(Poir.) Stapf and Hubb.] sod on legume reestablishment were evaluated on
Smyrna (sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Aeric Haplaquods) and Pomona (sandy,
siliceous, hyperthermic Ultic Haplaquods) sands. All combinations of three
tillage procedures (no disking, disking in spring, or disking in early summer)
and two grazing treatments (grass grazed to a 10-cm stubble or not grazed) were
allocated as main plots in a split-plot arrangement. Subplots were four
quantities of seed applied the previous December (20, 60, 180, and 540 kg
ha-1). Dry weather in late spring and early summer 1988 reduced grass
competition to legume seedlings that had established in April, and grazing had
no effect on percentage legume (PCL) in harvested forage. Within each disking
treatment, PCL increased linearly with size of seed reserve, but summer
disking reduced legume contribution relative to spring and no disking. With
near optimal rainfall in 1989, PCL for the grazed swards was three to six times
greater than for ungrazed swards. For all disk treatments, PCL increased
linearly with size of seed reserve, but spring disking was superior to no
disking and summer disking. Results suggest that aeschynomene reestablishment
in limpograss is favored by spring disking and grazing limpograss until legume
seedlings are 5 to 8 cm tall. Using this management in 1988 and 1989, seed
reserves of 25 to 135 kg ha-1 were needed for successful aeschynomene
reestablishment.
177 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82S
Link between lab and field.
Sorensen, D.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992.
South Dakota farm & home research - South Dakota, Agricultural Experiment
Station v. 43 (1): p. 4-5; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Conservation tillage; Row spacing; Herbicides; Zea
mays; Glycine max; Planting date; Livestock feeding
178 NAL Call. No.: BJ52.5.J68
Locus of control and farmer orientation: effects on conservation adoption.
McNairn, H.E.; Mitchell, B.
Guelph, Ontario, Canada : University of Guelph; 1992.
Journal of agricultural & environmental ethics v. 5 (1): p. 87-101; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Soil conservation; Watersheds; Farmers; Attitudes;
Surveys; Environmental protection; Rotations; Conservation tillage; Ethics;
Erosion control
179 NAL Call. No.: 100 AL1H
Long-term crop management affects soil fertility.
Wood, C.W.; Edwards, J.H.; Ruf, M.E.; Eason, J.T.
Auburn University, Ala. : The Station; 1991.
Highlights of agricultural research - Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station
v. 38 (3): p. 7; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Soil fertility; Conservation tillage
180 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Long-term tillage effects of seed banks in three Ohio soils.
Cardina, J.; Regnier, E.; Harrison, K.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 186-194; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Zea mays; Weeds; Seed banks; Buried seeds; No-tillage;
Minimum tillage; Plowing; Silt loam soils; Clay loam soils; Population
density; Depth; Diversity; Chenopodium album; Panicum dichotomiflorum;
Amaranthus; Weed biology
Abstract: Soils from long-term tillage plots at three locations in Ohio were
sampled to determine composition and size of weed seed banks following 25 yr of
continuous no-tillage, minimum-tillage, or conventional-tillage corn
production. The same herbicide was applied across tillage treatments within
each year and an untreated permanent grass sod was sampled for comparison. Seed
numbers to a 15-cm depth were highest in the no-tillage treatment in the Crosby
silt loam (77 800 m-2) and Wooster silt loam (8400 m-2) soils and in the grass
sod (7400 m-2) in a Hoytville silty clay loam soil. Lowest seed numbers were
found in conventional-tillage plots in the Wooster soil (400 m-2) and in
minimum-tillage plots in the Crosby (2200 m-2) and Hoytville (400 m-2) soils.
Concentration of seeds decreased with depth but the effect of tillage on seed
depth was not consistent among soil types. Number of weed species was highest
in permanent grass sod (10 to 18) and decreased as soil disturbance increased;
weed populations were lowest in conventional tillage in the
Hoytville soil. Common lambsquarters, pigweeds, and fall panicum were the most
commonly found seeds in all soils. Diversity indices indicated that increased
soil disturbance resulted in a decrease in species diversity. Weed populations
the summer following soil sampling included common lambsquarters, pigweeds,
fall panicum, and several species not detected in the seed bank.
181 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 AU7
Long-term trends in total nitrogen of a vertisol subjected to zero-tillage,
nitrogen application and stubble retention.
Dalal, R.C.
East Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization;
1992.
Australian journal of soil research v. 30 (2): p. 223-231; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Queensland; Vertisols; Nitrogen; Nutrient content; No-tillage;
Stubble; Retention; Prescribed burning; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Urea;
Application rates; Long term experiments
182 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Maize yield response as affected by phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen as banded
applications on a volcanic ash derived tropical soil.
Raun, W.R.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22 (15/16): p. 1661-1676;
1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Guatemala; Zea mays; Volcanic ash soils; Tropical soils; Coastal
plain soils; Nutrient availability; Nutrient deficiencies; Phosphorus; Sulfur;
Nitrogen; Band placement; Urea; Triple superphosphate; Calcium sulfate; Crop
yield; Grain; Calcium; Dicalcium phosphate; Sulfate; Allophane; Ammonium
phosphates; Fixation; Chemical precipitation; Dissolving; Adsorption;
Solubility; Minimum tillage; Temporal variation; Rainy season; Dry season
183 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Management and dynamics of potassium in a humid tropical ultisol under a
rice-cowpea rotation.
Cox, F.R.; Uribe, E.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.
Agronomy Journal v. 84 (4): p. 655-660; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vigna unguiculata; Oryza sativa; Rotations; Ultisols; Potassium
fertilizers; Application rates; Humid tropics; Stover; No-tillage; Tillage;
Crop yield; Grain; Nutrient availability; Potassium; Residual effects;
Exchangeable cations
Abstract: Little is known about the role of K fertilization, stover
management, and tillage methods on soil K availability as they affect rice
(Oryza sativa L.) and cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] productivity on
Ultisols of the humid tropics. The effects of five K rates (0-120 kg K ha-1),
returning or removing stover, and three tillage methods (no-till, strip, and
conventional) were evaluated during 12 crops of rice and cowpea grown for a 4-
yr period. Fertilizer K was applied to the first seven crops. The site was a
recently cleared, 18-yr-old secondary forest in the Peruvian Amazon Basin. The
soil was a fine-loamy, siliceous, isohyperthermic Typic Paleudult. Soils
samples were collected at each crop harvest to 90 cm in 15-cm increments.
Potassium fertilizer always increased grain yields when stover was removed.
Conversely, responses to K additions were seldom obtained when the stover was
returned. The extractable K (Modified Olsen) critical level for both upland
rice and cowpeas was calculated to be 0.10 cmol L-1. Returning stover with no K
fertilization maintained soil K concentrations above critical levels for both
species up to the last crop of the rotation. Residual effects of
fertilizer K were prolonged by returning the stover. When stover was returned,
subsoil exchangeable K increased with increasing rate of K fertilization.
Removal of stover resulted in greater increases in subsoil exchangeable K at
the 40 kg K ha-1 rate than at 120 kg K ha-1, apparently because the higher rate
resulted in K fixation. Tillage methods did not affect crop yields.
184 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Management and urease inhibitor effects on nitrogen use efficiency in no-till
corn.
Fox, R.H.; Piekielek, W.P.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (2): p. 195-200; 1993 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Cabt; Zea mays; No-tillage; Crop yield; Use
efficiency; Urea ammonium nitrate; Urea; Urease inhibitors; Application rates;
Application methods; Application date; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen
content; Plant composition; Leaves; Rain; Ammonia; Volatilization
185 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6
Measurement and characterization of macropores by using AUTOCAD and automatic
image analysis.
Singh, P.; Kanwar, R.S.; Thompson, M.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan.
Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 289-294; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Macropores; Characterization; Flow; Imagery; Measurement;
Methodology; Pore size; Soil physical properties; Transport processes;
Tillage; No-tillage
Abstract: Macropores (with equivalent diameters greater than 1600 micrometer)
were quantified under no-till and conventional tillage practices by using
AUTOCAD and automatic image analysis. To quantify macropores undisturbed soil
blocks (50 by 50 cm) were impregnated with plaster of paris slurry. After the
plaster of paris set, soil layers were taken out in 5-cm increments to a total
depth of 60 cm. At each soil plane pictures were taken by a 35-mm camera and
macropores were traced on transparent acetate sheets. The pictures and
transparent sheets were analyzed by using an automated image analyzer and
AUTOCAD, respectively, for total number, perimeter, area, and size frequency
distribution of macropores. The AUTOCAD method proved to be simpler and better
than the image analysis technique. Larger and continuous cracks accounted for
greater macropore area in conventional tillage sites than in no-till sites. On
the other hand, more worm holes and root holes accounted for a greater number
and larger perimeters of macropores in no-till sites in comparison to
conventional tillage sites.
186 NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
A method for observing below-ground pest-predator interactions in corn
agroecosystems.
Brust, G.E.
Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1991 Jan.
Journal of entomological science v. 26 (1): p. 1-8. ill; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Zea mays; Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi;
Mesostigmata; Tyrophagus putrescentiae; Lasius; Staphylinidae; Carabidae;
Coleoptera; Predators of insect pests; Soil; No-tillage; Biological control
agents
187 NAL Call. No.: SB951.P47
Metribuzin degradation in soil. II. Effects of tillage.
Locke, M.A.; Harper, S.S.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1991.
Pesticide science v. 31 (2): p. 239-247; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Metribuzin; Microbial degradation; No-tillage; Tillage; Crop
residues; Decomposition; Glycine max; Herbicide residues; Carbon; Carbon
dioxide; Deamination; Isotope labeling
Abstract: A 140-day laboratory incubation, using surface soil from a
long-term soybean tillage study, evaluated tillage influence on
[14C]metribuzin degradation. Higher plant residue conditions in no-tillage (NT)
soil inhibited metribuzin mineralization to [14C]carbon dioxide as
compared to metribuzin degradation patterns observed in conventional tillage
(CT) soil. At 140 days, relative abundance of extractable 14C components in NT
included polar metabolites > metribuzin = deaminated metribuzin (DA) =
deaminated diketometribuzin (DADK), while in CT, component included metribuzin
> polar metabolites > DADK >> DA. Conditions in NT apparently inhibited polar
14C degradation, and resulted in its accumulation, while in CT polar 14C
degradation proceeded relatively rapidly. For both NT and CT, more 14C was
measured in an unextractable fraction than in any other fraction. A greater
portion of the unextractable fraction in NT was associated with decomposed
plant residue than in CT. Surface accumulation of crop residue, such as occurs
under NT, provided a soil environment which altered metribuzin degradation
patterns.
188 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E23
A model of the effects of tillage on emergence of weed seedlings.
Mohler, C.L.
Tempe, Ariz. : Ecological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Ecological applications v. 3 (1): p. 53-73; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Seedling emergence; Plowing; No-tillage; Rotary
cultivation; Seeds; Survival; Soil depth; Mathematical models; Seed banks;
Manual weed control; Cultural weed control
189 NAL Call. No.: 100 N813B
Modified ridge tillage vs. conventional tillage for soybean production.
Helms, T.C.
Fargo, N.D. : The Station; 1991 Sep.
North Dakota farm research - North Dakota, Agricultural Experiment Station v.
49 (2): p. 5-7; 1991 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Glycine max; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Farm
tests; Yields; Herbicides
190 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1991 .U51 Map
Mulch-till in the United States 1991.
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartographic Center (U.S.)
Ft. Worth, TX : USDA-SCS-National Cartographic Center ; West Lafayette, IN. :
Conservation Technology Information Center, [distributor],; 1992.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. October 1991. Data provided by CTIC 1991. Map
prepared using automated map construction. National Cartographic Center, Fort
Worth, Texas, 1991. Computer screen image map. Includes graph of "Acres
planted by region" and inset map. 1006825.
Language: English
Descriptors: Stubble mulching; Tillage
191 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1992 .U51 Map
Mulch-till in the United States 1992., Rev. Nov. 1992..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartography and Geographic
Information Systems Center (U.S.)
Fort Worth, Tex. : USDA-SCS-National Cartography & Geographic Information
Systems Center ; West Lafayette, IN : Conservation Technology Information
Center, [distributor],; 1993.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Source: Data provided by CTIC 1991. Data for
Alaska and Hawaii falls below minimum category. Map prepared using automated
map construction. National Cartography and Geographic Information System
Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 1992. Computer generated map. Includes graph of
"Acres planted by region" and inset map. 1006825.
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Stubble mulching; Tillage
192 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E29
Natural establishment and selenium accumulation of herbaceous plant species in
soils with elevated concentrations of selenium and salinity under irrigation
and tillage practices.
Wu, L.; Enberg, A.; Tanji, K.K.
Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1993 Apr.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety v. 25 (2): p. 127-140; 1993 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Atriplex patula; Bassia hyssopifolia; Melilotus
indica; Salsola kali; Selenium; Irrigation; Tillage; No-tillage; Species
diversity; Biomass production; Salinity; Wild plants; Mediterranean climate
193 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883
Natural selection effects in wheat populations grown under contrasting tillage
systems.
Hwu, K.K.; Allan, R.E.
Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1992 May.
Crop science v. 32 (3): p. 605-611; 1992 May. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Triticum aestivum; Natural selection; Adaptation;
Populations; No-tillage; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Agronomic
characteristics; Plant morphology; Selection pressure; Diversity; Genetic
variation
Abstract: Use of no-till, a conservation-tillage management system, is
increasing in the northwestern USA, to abate the serious soil erosion problem.
This study examined the feasibility of improving the adaptation of winter wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) for no-till by natural selection. Five
populations with genetic diversity for several traits, some of which
presumably affected fitness of wheat under no-till, were studied. Two
subpopulations were developed for each population by growing them during 1981
to 1985 in plots that had been rotary tilled (till) or directly sown (no-till)
into standing barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) stubble at Pullman, WA. Trait means
of the till treatment were always higher than their no-till counterparts, with
the exception of one trait in a single population. Results did not indicate
strong or consistent pressure for differential natural selection between the
till and no-till treatments for several agronomic traits in most populations.
The population that was putatively the most genetically diverse (Semidwarf
Common Wheat USDA Blend) showed significant response to differential natural
selection after pooling data across generations; both subpopulations had
increased (P less than or equal to 0.05) biomass and grain yield means in the
environments from which they had been derived. Plant height diverged in
another population, with tall and short genotypes favored in the till and no-
till environments, respectively. Most populations probably lacked
sufficient genetic diversity to respond to differential natural selection for
most of the traits; a high proportion of their parentage was derived from
locally adapted genotypes that had been selected under conventional tillage.
Using no-till selection pressure on genetically conservative populations that
typify most wheat breeding programs probably is unwarranted. However, with
populations that have been intentionally developed to achieve a broad genetic
base, this approach may be justified.
194 NAL Call. No.: SB998.N4N4
Nematode management in minimum-till soybean with resistant cultivars, rye
rotation, and aldicarb.
Minton, N.A.
Auburn, Ala. : Organization of Tropical American Nematologists; 1992 Jun.
Nematropica v. 22 (1): p. 21-28; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Glycine max; Cultivars; Pest resistance; Meloidogyne
incognita; Paratrichodorus minor; Pratylenchus brachyurus; Rotations; Secale
cereale; Nematode control; Minimum tillage
195 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
New and modified equipment for conservation tillage: strip till, interseeded
residue and strip cropping.
Banks, J.C.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 117; 1993. Meeting held January
10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Equipment
196 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6
Nitrogen and phosphorus in eroded sediment from corn and soybean tillage
systems.
McIsaac, G.F.; Hirschi, M.C.; Mitchell, J.K.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jul.
Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (3): p. 663-670; 1991 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Zea mays; Glycine max; Discing; Ridging; Tillage;
No-tillage; Erosion; Sediment; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Runoff; Rain; Simulation
Abstract: Runoff, soil loss and sediment bound total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)
and Bray P-1 phosphorus (P) losses were measured from corn (Zea mays L.) and
soybean [Glycine max (L.)] tillage systems subjected to simulated rainfall.
Runoff and soil loss were influenced by contouring and tillage treatment. After
60 min of simulated rainfall, there was little or no runoff or soil erosion
from plots which had recently been ridge cultivated along the contour. Soil and
nutrient losses from up-and-down slope ridge-till plots were never
significantly different than from the conventional tillage treatment. Bray P-1
P concentration in the top 5 cm of soil and eroded sediment was significantly
reduced by moldboard plowing. Concentrations of Bray P-1 in the eroded
sediment tended to decrease as soil loss increased. Bray P-1 enrichment ratios
ranged from 1.69 to 4.5, and were correlated to a greater extent with sediment
concentration than with soil loss. The TKN losses were linearly related with
soil loss and the average TKN enrichment ratio ranged from 1.02 to 1.28. The
TKN enrichment ratio was not significantly correlated with Bray P-1 enrichment
ratio.
197 NAL Call. No.: 100 M69MI
Nitrogen and vetch improve cotton yield.
Broadway, R.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1992 Apr.
MAFES research highlights - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment
Station v. 55 (4): p. 4; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Gossypium; Crop yield; Vicia; Nitrogen fertilizers;
Cover crops; No-tillage
198 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Nitrogen availability from alfalfa suppressed or killed for no-till
production.
Varco, J.J.; Grove, J.H.; Frye, W.W.; Smith, M.S.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22 (15/16): p. 1527-1535;
1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kentucky; Medicago sativa; Zea mays; Plant competition;
Intercropping; No-tillage; Nitrogen; Nutrient availability; Nutrient uptake;
Ammonium; Nitrate; Nitrate nitrogen; Ammonium nitrogen; Grass sward;
Suppression; Cutting; Postharvest treatment; Chemical treatment; Paraquat;
Glyphosate; Regrowth; Crop residues; Soil organic matter; Mineralization;
Climatic factors
199 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Nitrogen balance and biomass production of newly established no-till dryland
agroecosystems.
Wood, C.W.; Peterson, G.A.; Westfall, D.G.; Cole, C.V.; Willis, W.O.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 May.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (3): p. 519-526; 1991 May. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Colorado; Zea mays; Triticum aestivum; Sorghum bicolor; Panicum
miliaceum; Agropyron cristatum; Elymus smithii; Bouteloua gracilis; Bouteloua
curtipendula; Buchloe dactyloides; Schizachyrium scoparium; Fallow;
No-tillage; Dry farming; Biomass production; Intensive cropping; Soil
fertility; Nitrogen balance; Crop residues; Grasslands; Crop establishment
Abstract: Soil-crop management affects the soil-N balance and, thus, has a
direct bearing on soil productivity. This study determined the effects of
cropping intensity (crops/time) under no-till and grassland establishment on
aboveground biomass production and the system-N balance after 4 yr
(1985-1989). The effects were examined across toposequences in the West
Central Great Plains that had been tilled and frequently fallowed for > 50 yr.
Production systems included wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)--fallow (WF),
wheat-corn (Zea mays L.) or sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.)--millet (Panicum
miliaceum L.)--fallow (WCMFW), and perennial grass (CG). Intense agronomic
systems (WCMF) had greater aboveground production, greater N uptake, and
greater percent plant residue retention than WF. Continuous grass systems had
less aboveground production and N uptake but greater percent plant residue
retention than agronomic systems. Soil-profile NO3-N was lower under WCMF
systems than WF systems, but organic N showed the opposite trend implying that
more intense systems are at less risk for NO3-N leaching, and have greater
potential for replenishment of soil-organic N via enhanced immobilization.
Aboveground biomass production and plant residue production increased
downslope, but slope position had little effect on plant-N uptake, plant
residue retention, or soil-N dynamics. Imposing no-till and perennial
grassland systems created a N-balance disequilibrium, but more time will be
required to ascertain the trajectory of N loss or pin due to establishment of
no-till or grassland management on these soils.
200 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Nitrogen effects on yield and malting quality of barley genotypes under
no-till.
Clancy, J.A.; Tillman, B.A.; Pan, W.L.; Ullrich, S.E.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (2): p. 341-346; 1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Barley; Hordeum vulgare; Nitrogen fertilizers;
Application rates; No-tillage; Genotypes; Cultivars; Crop yield; Grain; Seed
characteristics; Crop quality; Malting quality; Alpha-amylase; Malt; Plant
proteins; Varietal reactions
Abstract: Conservation practices, such as reduced tillage and improved
fertilizer use, are desirable from an environmental perspective and may yield
economic benefits if production and quality are not impaired. This study was
conducted to determine the effects of two N fertilization levels, 45 and 90 kg
ha-1 (50 and 100% of normal grower rates), on yield and malting quality of
spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under no-till management. The study was
conducted in 1986 and 1987 on a Palouse silt loam (fine-silty, mixed mesic
Pachic Ultic Haploxeroll). Seven Nordic (Europe) genotypes were compared with
four U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) cultivars. The higher N level increased grain
yield across genotypes in both years (17% in 1986, 5% in 1987), reduced the
percentage of plump kernels (4%) in 1987, and did not affect test weight, 1000-
kernel weight, or percentage of thin kernels. All Nordic genotypes
yielded less than the PNW cultivars except the Danish cultivar Nordal. Higher N
increased total malt protein (7%) in both years and soluble malt protein (7%)
in 1986. Higher N also significantly increased alpha-amylase (25%) and
diastatic power (15%) in the malt, while malt extract was unaffected.
Significant genotypic differences existed for all agronomic and malting
parameters examined. Under no-till, HJA 78003 was the only Nordic genotype that
produced good quality malt, equaling the three PNW malting cultivars under no-
till. The higher N rate produced slightly better yield and quality than the
reduced rate. Therefore, reducing the N rate to half the normal
grower rate (90-45 kg ha-1) would probably not be recommended under these test
conditions. Overall, the PNW cultivars tested outperformed the Nordic
genotypes both in yield and malting quality. However, Nordal and HJA 78003
could prove useful in PNW barley breeding programs.
201 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Nitrogen fertilization in ridge-till corn to reduce nitrate leaching and
increase nitrogen use efficiency.
Cruse, R.M.; Kohler, K.A.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1992 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1467): p. 17-19;
1992 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated farm management demonstration
program--1991 progress report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Conservation tillage; Nitrogen; Fertilizers
202 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Nitrogen fertilization in ridge-till corn to reduce nitrate leaching and
increase nitrogen use efficiency.
Cruse, R.M.; Kohler, K.A.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1417): p. 23-24;
1991 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated Farm Management Demonstration
Program. 1990 Progress Report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Nitrogen fertilizers; Conservation tillage;
Yields
203 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Nitrogen fertilization of wheat double-cropped following grain sorghum in a no-
tillage system.
Howard, D.D.
Agronomy journal. p. 208-211. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tennessee
Abstract: Utilization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) as a cash crop
or cover crop in a double-cropping system is desirable to prevent
excessive soil erosion on loess-derived soils in the southern USA. Fall and
spring N application to winter wheat double-cropped following grain sorghum
(Sorghum bicolor L.) was evaluated on a Grenada silt loam (fine-silty, mixed,
thermic Glossic Fragiudalf). The experimental design was a randomized complete
block with a split-plot arrangement of treatments. Rates of N applied at
planting (0, 34, and 67 kg ha-1) were the main plots, with N rates applied in
the spring (0, 34, 67, 101 and 134 kg ha-1) the sub-plots. Fall N (Nf)
increased both yield and plant height. Spring N (Ns) had a greater effect on
yield and plant height than Nf. Yields increased from 0.83 to 2.61 Mg ha-1 by
increasing N
204 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Nitrogen management in furrow irrigated, ridge-tilled corn.
Gordon, W.B.; Whitney, D.A.; Raney, R.J.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (2): p. 213-217; 1993 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Cabt; Zea mays; Crop yield; Grain; Ridging; Nitrogen
fertilizers; Application date; Application rates; Application methods;
Nitrogen content; Plant composition; Use efficiency; Soil chemistry;
Conservation tillage; Crop residues; Furrow irrigation
205 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Nitrogen rate and placement for grain sorghum production in no-tillage
systems.
Lamond, R.E.; Whitney, D.A.; Hickman, J.S.; Bonczkowski, L.C.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (4): p. 531-535; 1991 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Sorghum bicolor; Fertilizer requirement determination;
Nitrogen; Crop management; No-tillage; Crop residues; Urea ammonium nitrate;
Ammonium thiosulfate; Application rates; Broadcasting; Band placement; Soil
injection; Crop yield; Grain; Leaves; Plant analysis; Nutrient content; Use
efficiency; Soil conservation; Conservation tillage
206 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Nitrogen release from crimson clover in relation to plant growth stage and
composition.
Ranells, N.N.; Wagger, M.G.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 May23.
Agronomy journal v. 84 (3): p. 424-430; 1992 May23. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Trifolium incarnatum; Growth stages; Dry matter
accumulation; Nitrogen content; Plant analysis; Plant residues; Nitrogen;
Release; No-tillage; Organic amendments
Abstract: Increased N-use efficiency and economic savings may result from a
better understanding of N release patterns from legume residues. A 2-yr field
experiment was conducted on a Cecil fine sandy loam (clayey, kaotintic,
thermic Typic Kanhapludult) to examine the effects of crimsom clover
(Trifolium incarnatum L.) growth stage on dry matter accumulation, N
concentration, and chemical composition in relation to N release under
no-tillage management. Crimson clover was harvested in the spring at four
growth stages (late vegetative, early bloom, late bloom, and early seed set).
Air-dried plant material in 1-mm mesh nylon bags was placed on the soil
surface; retrieved at l-, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 16-wk intervals; and analyzed for
total N, C, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin concentrations. Averaged over
2 yr, dry matter production increased from 2.3 to 5.6 Mg ha-1, and N
concentration declined from 30.2 to 21.2 g kg-1 as crimson clover matured from
late vegetative to early seed set growth stages. Cellulose concentration
increased by 66%, hemicellulose by 37%, and lignin by 87% from late vegetative
to early seed set. Estimated clover N release at the 8-wk retrieval was 28, 40,
40, and 54 kg ha-1 in 1989 and 51, 67, 73, and 55 kg ha-1 in 1990 for the late
vegetative, early bloom, late bloom, and early seed set growth stages,
respectively. Results indicated that allowing crimson clover to attain the late
bloom stage prior to desiccation and planting of the summer crop can maximize
clover top-growth N content and subsequent N release.
207 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
No-till corn response to nitrogen rate and timing in the middle Atlantic
Coastal Plain.
Evanylo, G.K.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (2): p. 180-185; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Middle atlantic states of U.S.A.; Zea mays; No-tillage;
Fertilizer requirement determination; Urea ammonium nitrate; Split dressings;
Sidedressing; Application rates; Use efficiency; Crop growth stage; Crop
yield; Yield factors; Leaves; Nitrogen; Nutrient content; Leaching; Secale
cereale; Cover crops; Sandy soils; Coastal plains
208 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62
No-till cotton production.
York, A.C.; Edmisten, K.L.; Naderman, G.C.; Bacheler, J.S.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1993 Jan.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina State
University v.): p. 122-126; 1993 Jan. In the series analytic: 1993 cotton
information.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Gossypium hirsutum; No-tillage; Cover crops;
Weeds; Pest management; Agronomic characteristics
209 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (1)
No-till guidelines for the arid and semi-arid prairies.
Beck, D.L.; Doerr, R.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Mar.
Bulletin - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University
(712): p. 1-26; 1992 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; No-tillage; Farming systems; Prairies; Arid
regions; Semiarid zones; Field crops
210 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1991 .U52 Map
No-till in the United States 1991., Rev. Oct. 1991..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartographic Center (U.S.)
Ft. Worth, TX : USDA-SCS-National Cartographic Center ; West Lafayette, IN. :
Conservation Technology Information Center, [distributor],; 1992.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Source: Data provided by CTIC 1991. Map prepared
using automated map construction. National Cartographic Center, Fort Worth,
Texas, 1991. Computer screen image map. Includes graph of "Acres planted by
region" and inset map. 1006641.
Language: English
Descriptors: No-tillage
211 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1992 .U52 Map
No-till in the United States 1992., Rev. Nov. 1992..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartography and Geographic
Information Systems Center (U.S.)
Ft. Worth, TX : USDA-SCS-National Cartography and GIS Center ; West Lafayette,
IN. : Conservation Technology Information Center, [distributor],; 1992.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Source: Data provided by CTIC 1991. Data for
Alaska and Hawaii falls below minimum category. Map prepared using automated
map construction. National Cartography and Geographic Information System
Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 1992. Computer generated map. Includes graph of
"Acres planted by region" and inset map. 1006641.
Language: English; English
Descriptors: No-tillage
212 NAL Call. No.: SB327.A1B5
No-till navy beans.
Sandoval, D.M.; Michaels, T.E.; Swanton, C.J.
Fort Collins, Colo : Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State University; 1992.
Annual report of the Bean Improvement Cooperative v. 35: p. 74-75; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Phaseolus vulgaris; Crop production; Crop yield; Minimum
tillage
213 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
No-till plot planter with row space and fertilizer placement capabilities.
Kushnak, G.D.; Thaut, R.E.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 84 (2): p. 264-267; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: No-tillage; Agricultural research; Experimental equipment;
Planters; Experimental plots; Fertilizer distributors; Deep placement; Row
spacing
Abstract: No-till research involving row space and subsurface fertilizer
placement variables requires a planter that allows quick adjustment to provide
a wide range of row space and fertilizer placement positions. A no-till
planter with adjustable row spacing was constructed to allow fertilizer
placement below seed, with seed, and any distance between seed rows. Row space
was quickly changed to any width, including paired-row configurations, from
0.15 to 1.27 m. With two people it required 10 min to change row space,
fertilizer placement, and rate. The planter was used to establish small
grains, large- and small-seeded legumes, and wheatgrass. Planting was
successful through 2200 and 3018 kg ha-1 of prostrate and standing small-grain
residue, respectively. Higher residue levels were not tested. The planter was
mounted on a 50-hp tractor with a three-point hitch.
214 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (1)
No-till rotation systems for wheat production.
Beck, D.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Mar.
Bulletin - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University
(712): p. 27-30; 1992 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; No-tillage; Rotations; Triticum; Crop production
215 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
No-till systems for corn following hay or pasture.
Smith, M.A.; Carter, P.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1993 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (1): p. 46-52; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Zea mays; Pasture plants; Perennials; Rotations;
No-tillage; Tillage; Comparisons; Herbicides; Application date; Seasonal
variation; Agricultural research; Economic analysis
216 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
No-till warm-season grass establishment as affected by atrazine and
carbofuran.
McKenna, J.R.; Wolf, D.D.; Lenter, M.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (2): p. 311-316; 1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Panicum virgatum; Bothriochloa caucasica; No-tillage;
Fodder crops; Stand establishment; Atrazine; Carbofuran; Application rates;
Application date; Sowing date; Phytotoxicity; Seedlings; Growth rate; Crop
yield; Herbage
Abstract: Tall growing, perennial, warm-season grasses that produce 65 to 75%
of their yield in mid-summer may provide needed summer grazing; however,
establishment is often slow and inconsistent when compared to cool-season
grasses. Improved establishment would make these warm-season grasses less
vulnerable to annual weed competition. No-till plantings of switchgrass
(Panicum virgatum L.) and caucasian bluestem [Bothriochloa caucasica (Trin.) C.
E. Hubbard] were made at Blacksburg, VA (37 degrees 11' N degrees 80
degrees 25' W, 610-m elevation) on a Groseclose loam soil (clayey, mixed, mesic
Typic Hapludult). Eight experiments included carbofuran
(2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol methylcarbamate) at 0 and 1.1 kg a.i.
ha-1 and atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) at 0,
1.1, and 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1 in all possible combinations. Seedling growth, leaf
appearance rates, seedling weights, density, leaf elongation rates, and
heights were measured. Yields of weed-free perennial warm-season grasses were
determined in the year of planting and the year after planting. Carbofuran at
1.1 kg a.i. ha-1 placed in the row with the seed at planting enabled seedlings
to develop faster, elongate more rapidly, and provided more and heavier
seedlings than without carbofuran. In the year after seeding, yields of warm
season grass were higher where carbofuran was applied at seeding in seven of
eight experiments. Atrazine reduced herbage yields as well as population,
weight, development, and leaf elongation rate of seedlings in the seeding year.
Atrazine at 1.1 kg a.i. ha-1 was not detrimental to either grass in the second
year of the study. Atrazine at 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1 appeared to injure switchgrass
more than caucasian bluestem. Yields in the year after planting further
confirmed these observations. Atrazine at 1.1 kg a.i. ha-1 increased yields
over untreated controls. However, in one of four switchgrass
experiments, yields of grass treated with atrazine at 2.2 kg a.i.
217 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
No-till winter wheat dry matter and tissue nitrogen response to nitrogen
fertilizer form and placement.
Johnston, A.M.; Fowler, D.B.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Nov.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (6): p. 1035-1043; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; No-tillage; Winter wheat;
Ammonium nitrate; Urea ammonium nitrate; Urea; Application date; Application
rates; Timing; Band placement; Broadcasting; Nutrient solutions; Liquid
fertilizers; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen content; Grain; Crop yield; Dry matter
accumulation; Crop growth stage
Abstract: Expansion of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production into the
high winterkill risk regions of the Canadian prairies has been achieved by no-
till seeding into standing stubble immediately after harvest of the
previous crop. Seven field trials were conducted in Saskatchewan to evaluate
the seasonal pattern of dry matter and N accumulation of no-till winter wheat.
The fertilizer treatments included the currently recommended early (20 April)
spring broadcast ammonium nitrate (AN) and early spring broadcast and surface
band applied urea and urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution. In four of the
seven trials, late (12 May) AN and urea were also applied. Nitrogen fertilizer
was applied at 0, 34, 67, 101, and 202 kg N ha-1. Mean maximum dry matter and N
yields were established by Zadoks Growth Stage 65 (ZGS65) and ZGS45,
respectively. Subsequent losses of both dry matter and N were observed under
conditions of high evaporative demand and low precipitation. When rainfall was
more favorable and N supply abundant, N and dry matter yields increased
through the growing season to harvest. Increased N rates increased N uptake and
amplified plant-N and dry matter losses. Growing season environmental
conditions and plant-available-N levels also played an important role in
determining the efficiency of N translocation to the seed. Early broadcast AN
produced larger dry matter and N-yield responses than all other fertilizer
treatments. While surface band applied urea showed no advantage over early
broadcast urea, surface band applied UAN increased dry matter yield and N
uptake over broadcast sprayed UAN. Average dry matter (N) yield-N response for
early broadcast urea, surface band applied urea and surface band applied UAN
treatments were 93 (89%) of those recorded for early broadcast AN. The
broadcast sprayed UAN treatment dry matter and N yield-N responses were 81% of
early broadcast AN. Compared with early broadcast AN and urea, late broadcast
AN and urea produced lower dry
218 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
No-till winter wheat production: response to spring applied nitrogen
fertilizer form and placement.
Johnston, A.M.; Fowler, D.B.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jul.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (4): p. 722-728; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; No-tillage;
Nitrogen fertilizers; Placement; Yield response functions; Grain; Protein
content
Abstract: No-till seeding into standing stubble immediately after harvest of
the previous crop has permitted the successful production of winter wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) on the Canadian prairies. In the present study, 14 field
trials were conducted in Saskatchewan between 1986 and 1988 to evaluate the
influence of the spring broadcast and the surface banded N fertilizer forms
ammonium nitrate (AN), urea, and urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution on grain
yield (GY), grain-protein yield (GPY), and grain-protein concentration (GP) of
no-till winter wheat. In trials with positive N response, early
broadcast urea, surface dribble-banded UAN, and broadcast spray UAN produced
GY(GPY) responses that were 90(91), 89(87), and 82(80)%, respectively, of those
observed for early broadcast AN. Accumulated surface residues and
delayed early spring (May) rainfall reduced the performance of UAN when
applied as a broadcast spray. In one trial, the early stimulation of N uptake
and growth with early AN proved detrimental under high temperature stress
during stem elongation resulting in negative GY and GPY responses with
increasing N rate. Delaying broadcast N application by 3 wk prevented early N
uptake, reducing both GY and GPY and increasing GP. The results of this study
suggest that the reduction in N recovery from commercial rates of urea-based
fertilizers, as measured by GPY, can be minimized at uniform levels by
ensuring early spring application on no-till winter wheat in western Canada.
219 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
No-till winter wheat response to phosphorus placement and rate.
Halvorson, A.D.; Havlin, J.L.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Sep.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (5): p. 1635-1639; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Colorado; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; No-tillage;
Phosphorus; Band placement; Broadcasting; Incorporation; Comparisons;
Application rates; Crop yield; Grain; Straw; Nutrient uptake
Abstract: Phosphorus deficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is
common in the central Great Plains. Acceptance of reduced and no-till systems
for wheat production has made soil incorporation of broadcast P fertilizer more
difficult. This field study evaluated the effectiveness of P placement methods
(surface broadcast with and without incorporation and banded below the seed
zone) for no-till winter wheat production at rates of 0, 34, 67, 101, and 134
kg P ha-1 in 1986 and 1987. Subplots of 0 and 56 kg N ha-1 were included with
each P rate. A Rosebud-Escabosa loam soil (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic
Aridic Argiustoll-Calciustoll) with a NaHCO3-extractable P level of 10 mg P
kg-1 soil (medium soil test level) and a pH of 7.8 was used. Phosphorus
placement had no significant effect on grain yield. Grain yields increased
curvilinearly with increasing P rate up to 101 kg P ha-1 for both broadcast and
banded treatments. Straw yields also increased curvilinearly with
increasing P rate. Nitrogen fertilization enhanced grain protein by 6% and also
grain P uptake. Total P uptake by grain increased with increasing rate of P
application. Broadcast applications of P without incorporation under no-till
conditions effectively increased winter wheat yields on a soil testing medium
in available P. When sufficient P was applied to correct P deficiency in
winter wheat, method of placement had little effect.
220 NAL Call. No.: S604.64.A8T4 no.127
No-tillage seeders and their adoption in North America with relevance to
Western Australia a study tour report to The Winston Churchill Memorial Trust
of Australia and Wesfarmers limited.
Bligh, Kevin J.
Perth? : Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Division of Resource
Management,; 1992.
43, [7] p. : ill. ; 30 cm. (Technical report (Western Australia. Division of
Resource Management) ; 127.). "April 1992. Includes bibliographical
references (p. 38-40).
Language: English
221 NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6
A no-tillage tomato production system using hairy vetch and subterranean
clover mulches.
Abdul-Baki, A.A.; Teasdale, J.R.
Alexandria, Va. : The American Society for Horticultural Science; 1993 Feb.
HortScience : a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science
v. 28 (2): p. 106-108; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Cabt; Lycopersicon esculentum; Vicia villosa; Trifolium
subterraneum; Cover crops; Mulches; No-tillage; Fruits; Maturity; Crop yield;
Planting date; Earliness; Low input agriculture
Abstract: A novel approach is described for using two winter annual legumes -
hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L. Roth.) and 'Mt. Barker' subterranean clover
(Trifolium subterraneum L.) - as cover crops and plant mulches in tomato
(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) production. The approach calls for sowing the
cover crops in the fall in prepared beds, mowing the cover crops with a
high-speed flail mower immediately before transplanting the tomato seedlings
into the field in early May, and then transplanting the seedlings into the beds
with minimal interruption of the soil or mulch cover. Plants in the vetch
treatment with no tillage produced a higher yield than those grown under black
polyethylene, paper, or no mulch in conventional systems. Both plant mulches
delayed fruit maturity by approximately 10 days relative to black polyethylene
mulch. The proposed approach eliminates tillage, reduces the need for applying
synthetic fertilizers and herbicides, and is adapted to large- and small-scale
tomato production in a low-input, no-tillage system. It also may be used to
produce other vegetables.
222 NAL Call. No.: 57.8 SO4
Nutrient placement in conservation tillage.
St. Louis, Mo. : Solutions Magazine; 1992 May.
Solutions v. 36 (4): p. 38-40; 1992 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Soil conservation; Soil fertility; Soil
testing; Ph; Nitrogen; Nutrients; Phosphorus; Potassium
223 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Nutrients removed from systems, 1985-1991.
Smolik, J.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Oct.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (99): 2 p.;
1992 Oct. In the series analytic: Soil science research in the Plant Science
Department : 1991 Annual Report. Soil PR 91-6.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Farming systems research; Nutrients; Nitrogen;
Potassium; Phosphorus; Alternative farming; Minimum tillage; Green manures
224 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
On the econmics of cotton conservation tillage with low energy precision
application irrigation.
Triplett, C.M.; Pegarra, E.; Lyle, W.M.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences v. 1: p.
431-435; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium; Conservation tillage; Irrigation
225 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
On-farm demonstration of alternate tillage systems for energy conservation.
Colvin, T.S.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1992 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1467): p. 8-11; 1992
Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated farm management demonstration program-
-1991 progress report. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Conservation tillage; Energy conservation; Demonstration
farms; Crop yield
226 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
On-farm demonstration of alternate tillage systems for energy conservation.
Colvin, T.S.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1417): p. 15-18;
1991 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated Farm Management Demonstration
Program. 1990 Progress Report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; No-tillage; Demonstration farms; Energy conservation;
Herbicides; Conservation tillage; Soil types
227 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Optimum time(s) of nitrogen application to improve nitrogen use efficiency and
reduce leaching.
Amos, F.B. Jr; Baker, J.L.; Timmons, D.R.; Kanwar, R.S.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991 Jan.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service (1417): p. 35-39;
1991 Jan. In the series analytic: Integrated Farm Management Demonstration
Program. 1990 Progress Report.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Nitrogen fertilizers; Conservation tillage;
Yields; Energy conservation; Runoff
228 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Organic matter and microbial biomass in a vertisol after 20 yr of
zero-tillage.
Dalal, R.C.; Henderson, P.A.; Glasby, J.M.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1991.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 23 (5): p. 435-441; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Queensland; Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare; Vertisols;
No-tillage; Tillage; Urea; Crop residues; Decomposition; Soil organic matter;
Biomass; Soil ph; Soil properties
Abstract: The effects of 20 yr of tillage practice, crop residue management
and fertiliser (urea) N application on organic C, total N, microbial biomass,
anaerobic mineralisable N and pH at 0-25, 25-50 and 50-100 mm depths of a fine-
textured (65% clay) vertisol were studied. The treatments, in a factorial
combination, comprised of tillage (conventional tillage, CT vs zero-tillage,
ZT), residue (retained, RR or burned, RB) and urea (0, 23 and 69 kg N ha-1
yr-1) applied at 40-50 mm depth. Wheat and barley were grown for 15 and 3 yr,
respectively. All soil properties showed a strong stratification with depth
under ZT, RR treatments. Organic C, total N and microbial biomass N were
highest and pH lowest in the 0-25 mm layer under ZT, RR and 69 kg N ha-1 yr-1.
In the 0-100 mm layer, similar trends were observed where residue was retained
or fertiliser was applied but tillage had no effect on organic C and total N
although higher microbial biomass was measured in soil under CT than ZT.
Therefore, zero tillage, residue retention and fertiliser application results
in stratification of soil properties, even in a vertisol.
229 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Overview of conservation tillage across the Belt.
Bradley, J.F.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences v. 1: p.
141-142; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium; Conservation tillage
230 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T
Overwinter soil temperature patterns under six tillage-residues combinations.
Benoit, G.R.; Van Sickle, K.A.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1991 Jan.
Transactions of the ASAE v. 34 (1): p. 86-90; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Soil temperature; Tillage; Winter; Plant residues; Snow
cover; Soil depth
Abstract: The effect on soil temperature of three tillage systems (fall plow,
fall chisel, and no-till), each with and without corn residue were studied over
three winters (1984-85, 1985-86 and 1986-87). Temperature measurements were
taken on an hourly basis at soil depths of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.30 m during
1984-85 and 1985-86 and at 0.05, 0.15, and 0.30 m during 1986-87. During
winter months, soil temperatures were found to be a function of residue level
and snow cover with highest temperatures being found in the no-till residue
treatment. Little difference was found between temperature in fall plow and
fall chisel plots, both of which had lower temperatures than found in the no
till plots. Little difference in temperature was noted among treatments during
a winter of little snowfall, indicating that treatment effects on snow
accumulation influence soil temperature more than either tillage or residue
level alone. The no-till residue treatment became frost-free in the spring 10
to 30 days before other treatments and tended to have slightly higher
temperatures until just before spring corn planting the first week in May.
231 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control in a conservation tillage system
for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).
Keeling, J.W.; Sider, K.T.; Abernathy, J.R.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 5 (1): p.
137-141; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Gossypium hirsutum; Weed control; Chemical control;
Amaranthus palmeri; Pendimethalin; Trifluralin; Prometryn; Conservation
tillage; Diuron; Methazole; Herbicide mixtures
232 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Particulate soil organic-matter changes across a grassland cultivation
sequence.
Cambardella, C.A.; Elliott, E.T.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 May.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (3): p. 777-783; 1992 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Grassland soils; Soil organic matter; Dispersion; Fractionation;
Carbon cycle; Stubble mulching; No-tillage; Fallow
Abstract: Many models have been constructed in an attempt to describe the
dynamics of soil organic-matter (SOM) turnover, most of which include 2 to 3
kinetically defined organic-matter pools. Physical and chemical definition of
these conceptualized SOM pools has been difficult. We describe a simple method
for dispersion of soil to isolate a particulate organic-matter (POM) fraction
that may represent an important SOM pool in grassland soils. The POM fraction
was isolated by dispersing the soil in 5 g L-1 hexametaphosphate and passing
the dispersed soil samples through a 53-micrometer sieve. We compared POM and
mineral-associated C among three tillage treatments (20 yr under cultivation)
and an undisturbed grassland at Sidney, NE. The POM C in the native sod
represented 39% of the total soil organic C. Twenty years of bare-fallow,
stubble-mulch, and no-till management reduced the C content in this fraction to
18, 19, and 25%, respectively, of the total organic C. The
mineral-associated organic-matter fraction showed no reduction in C content in
the bare-fallow treatment compared with the grassland soil but increased in the
no-till and stubble-mulch treatments. Nitrogen dynamics generally mirrored
those observed for C. Analysis of the POM fraction for lignin and cellulose
content indicated that this fraction was 47% lignin and had a lignocellulose
index of 0.7. The stable C-isotope composition of the POM fraction suggests
that wheat-derived POM turns over faster than grass-derived POM. We suggest the
POM fraction closely matches the characteristics of a SOM pool variously
described as slow, decomposable, or stabilized organic matter.
233 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
PEP$--a dollar-and-cent approach to conservation tillage.
Hill, P.R.; Lake, J.E.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1992 Mar.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 47 (2): p. 131-133; 1992 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; Innovation adoption; Educational programs;
Diffusion of information; Erosion control; Farm inputs; Harvesting; Rain
234 NAL Call. No.: 100 N813B
Performance of hard red winter wheat cultivars under conventional-till and no-
till systems.
Cox, D.J.
Fargo, N.D. : The Station; 1991 Mar.
North Dakota farm research - North Dakota, Agricultural Experiment Station v.
48 (5): p. 17-20; 1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Triticum durum; Varieties; Performance testing; No-
tillage
235 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Performance of no-tillage cotton in 30-inch rows--comparison of productions
system in the 1992 crop.
Hart, W.E.; Bradley, J.F.; Tompkins, F.D.; Freeland, R.S.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 510-513; 1993. Meeting held
January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium hirsutum; No-tillage; Row spacing; Crop production;
Comparisons
236 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6
Pesticide mobility and persistence in microlysimeter soil columns from a
tilled and no-tilled plot.
Fermanich, K.J.; Daniel, T.C.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan.
Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 195-202; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Pesticides; Leaching; Losses from soil systems;
Lysimetry; Movement in soil; Persistence; Soil types (cultural); Tillage; No-
tillage
Abstract: Pesticide leaching losses under varying tillage systems, especially
in sandy soils, is not clearly understood. This study compared the leaching and
dissipation of two corn (Zea mays L.), 14C-labeled,
insecticides--carbofuran
(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzo-furanyl-methylcarbamate) and chlorpyrifos
[O,O-diethly O-(trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate]--in sandy soil columns
from conventional-moldboard plow (CN) and no-till (NT) tillage plots.
Microlysimeters, utilizing intact soil columns from established tillage plots,
were used to investigate pesticide mobility and dissipation under simulated
field precipitation, drainage, and temperature patterns. Leachate from CN
tillage columns receiving 14C-carbofuran contained over two times more of the
applied 14C (17.9%) compared to NT columns (7.9%). The major portion (63%) of
14C-carbofuran residues leached from CN columns was associated with a
metabolite (unknown I) compared to 40% for NT columns. Slightly more (4.9%
compared to 4.6%) as parent carbofuran leached from CN columns relative to NT.
After 106 d of simulated field conditions, 4.0 and 7.8% of the applied parent
14C-carbofuran was recovered from the soil of CN and NT columns, respectively.
Average time to peak 14C-carbofuran residue concentrations were retarded by 12
and 39 d for CN and NT columns, respectively, compared to time to peak
concentrations of bromide. Less than 0.2% of the applied 14C-chlorpyrifos
leached from the soil columns. Differences in the physical, chemical, and/or
biological characteristics between CN and NT tillage columns influenced the
dissipation and mobility of carbofuran.
237 NAL Call. No.: 100 N813B
Phosphorus placement for soybean production in reduced tillage systems.
Cihacek, L.J.; Lizotte, D.A.; Carcoana, R.
Fargo, N.D. : The Station; 1991 Jul.
North Dakota farm research - North Dakota, Agricultural Experiment Station v.
49 (1): p. 22-25; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Glycine max; Phosphorus; Soil chemistry; Fertilizer
requirement determination; Minimum tillage
238 NAL Call. No.: 100 N813B
Phosphorus placement for soybean production in reduced tillage systems.
Cihacek, L.J.; Lizotte, D.A.; Carcoana, R.
Fargo, N.D. : The Station; 1991 Jul.
North Dakota farm research - North Dakota, Agricultural Experiment Station v.
49 (1): p. 22-25; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Glycine max; Phosphorus fertilizers; Minimum
tillage
239 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Phosphorus relationships in no-till small grains.
Jackson, G.D.; Berg, R.K.; Kushnak, G.D.; Carlson, G.R.; Lund, R.E.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1993.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 24 (11/12): p. 1319-1331;
1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Triticum aestivum; Hordeum vulgare; No-tillage;
Monoammonium phosphate; Placement; Application rates; Responses; Soil test
values; Fertilizer requirement determination; Crop yield
240 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Placement and timing of nitrogen fertilizers for conventional and conservation
tillage corn production.
Bundy, L.G.; Andraski, T.W.; Daniel, T.C.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (2): p. 214-221; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Zea mays; Urea ammonium nitrate; Plowing; Anhydrous
ammonia; Nitrapyrin; Application rates; Soil injection; Sidedressing; Band
placement; Moldboards; Chiselling; No-tillage; Ridging; Comparisons; Crop
yield; Nitrogen content; Maize ears; Leaves; Grain
241 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Population dynamics and control of annual weeds in corn (Zea mays) as
influenced by tillage systems.
Buhler, D.D.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Apr.
Weed science v. 40 (2): p. 241-248; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Zea mays; Crop weed competition; Weeds; Annual habit;
Chenopodium album; Setaria viridis; Conyza canadensis; Amaranthus retroflexus;
Weed control; Chemical control; Atrazine; Alachlor; Cyanazine; Metolachlor; No-
tillage; Conservation tillage; Chiselling; Ridging; Weed biology;
Population dynamics; Plant density; Herbicide mixtures; Crop yield
Abstract: Field research was conducted at Hancock, WI, from 1985 through 1987
to evaluate effects of conventional tillage, chisel plow, ridge tillage, and
no-tillage systems on population dynamics and control of annual weed species in
corn grown continuously on a loamy sand soil without irrigation. In all years
of the study, green foxtail densities were greater in chisel plow and no-
tillage than in the conventional tillage system, while ridge tillage had
densities lower than all other tillage systems. Common lambsquarters density in
the chisel plow system reached nearly 500 plants m-2 compared to less than 75
plants m-2 in the other tillage systems when averaged over years. Average
redroot pigweed densities in the no-tillage and chisel plow systems were 307
and 245 plants m-2 compared to less than 25 plants m-2 in the conventional and
ridge tillage systems. Horseweed was observed only in no-tillage and ridge
tillage plots. Green foxtail and redroot pigweed were more difficult to
control in chisel plow and no-tillage than in the conventional and ridge
tillage systems with several herbicide treatments. Corn yields were not
affected by tillage systems under weed-free conditions. Corn yield differences
among tillage systems when the same herbicide treatment was applied appeared to
be due to differences in weed control.
242 NAL Call. No.: MeUUniv. 1991 T62
Potato available nitrogen from barley/legume underseedings and reduced
tillage/ridge tillage potatoes.. PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCES - 1991
Tindall, Timothy Todd,
Orono, Me.,; 1991.
ix, 155 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes vita. Bibliography: leaves 148-154.
Language: English
Descriptors: Potatoes; Soils; Companion planting; Crop rotation
243 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Preplant weed control in conservation tillage systems for cotton.
Crawford, S.H.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences v. 1: p.
139-140; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium; Weed control; Conservation tillage
244 NAL Call. No.: 100 L939
Preplant weed control programs for fallow bed cotton production.
Crawford, S.H.
Baton Rouge, La. : The Station; 1991.
Louisiana agriculture - Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station v. 34 (4): p.
10-12; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Gossypium; Weed control; Preplanting treatment;
Fallow; Herbicides; Minimum tillage
245 NAL Call. No.: 100 Ar42Sp no.148
Proceedings of the 1991 Southern Conservation Tillage Conference North Little
Rock, June 18-20, 1991.. 1991 Southern Conservation Tillage Conference
Implementing conservation and env ironmental technology
Keisling, Terry C.
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Agricultural Experiment Station
Southern Conservation Tillage Conference 1991 : North Little Rock, Ark.
Fayetteville, Ark. : Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station,; 1991.
vii, 111 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Special report (University of Arkansas,
Fayetteville. Agricultural Experiment Station) ; 148.). Cover title:
Implementing conservation and environmental technology. June 1991. Includes
bibliographical references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage
246 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Producing no-till cereal or corn following alfalfa on furrow-irrigated land.
Carter, D.L.; Berg, R.D.; Sanders, B.J.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (2): p. 174-179; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idaho; Medicago sativa; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; Hordeum
vulgare; Winter wheat; Cropping systems; Rotations; No-tillage; Tillage;
Furrow irrigation; Decomposition; Mineralization; Nitrogen; Nutrient
availability; Nitrate nitrogen; Leaching; Production costs; Crop yield;
Returns
247 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783
Production of summer crops in northern New South Wales. I. Effects of tillage
and double cropping on growth, grain and N yields of six crops.
Herridge, D.F.; Holland, J.F.
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization; 1992.
Australian journal of agricultural research v. 43 (1): p. 105-122; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New South Wales; Cajanus cajan; Glycine max; Helianthus annuus;
Sorghum; Vigna radiata; Vigna unguiculata; Double cropping; No-tillage;
Nitrogen fixation; Nodulation; Sap; Ureides; Xylem
248 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783
Production of summer crops in northern New South Wales. II. Effects of tillage
and crop rotation on yields of sorghum.
Holland, J.F.; Herridge, D.F.
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization; 1992.
Australian journal of agricultural research v. 43 (1): p. 123-134; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New South Wales; Sorghum; No-tillage; Rotations; Nitrogen
fixation; Summer; Crop yield
249 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Productivity of systems, 1985-1991.
Smolik, J.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Oct.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (99): 8 p.;
1992 Oct. In the series analytic: Soil science research in the Plant Science
Department : 1991 Annual Report. Soil PR 91-5.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Farming systems research; Crop yield; Livestock
farming; Rotations; Biomass production; Cost benefit analysis; Alternative
farming; Minimum tillage; Row tillage; Fertilizers; Herbicides; Rain
250 NAL Call. No.: 57.8 SO4
Profitable corn production on light soils.
Braun, D.; Mulford, R.
St. Louis, Mo. : Solutions Magazine; 1992 Mar.
Solutions v. 36 (3): p. 55-56; 1992 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Virginia; Zea mays; Crop yield; Soil; No-tillage;
Hybridization
251 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Profitable, effective herbicides for planting-time weed control in no-till
spring wheat (Triticum aestivum).
Donald, W.W.; Prato, T.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Jan.
Weed science v. 39 (1): p. 83-90; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Triticum aestivum; No-tillage; Weed control;
Chemical control; Application date; Planting date; Chlorsulfuron; Glyphosate;
Metsulfuron; Sinapis arvensis; Kochia scoparia; Profitability; Returns; Cost
benefit analysis
Abstract: High herbicide costs and uncertainty about annual weed control at
planting have limited adoption of no-till spring wheat production systems in
the northern Great Plains. Chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron, and CGA-131036 10 to 20
g ai ha-1 plus nonionic surfactant generally controlled both emerged kochia and
wild mustard equally well (>80%) whether or not combined with glyphosate at 250
g ha-1 plus nonionic surfactant. In two of three trials persistent phytotoxic
residues of these sulfonylurea herbicides in soil controlled both weeds better
in midseason and early summer 1 yr after treatment than did
glyphosate, which has only foliar activity. While the absolute net returns of
different treatments varied among herbicides, relative net returns were
insensitive to changes in either herbicide or wheat price. Herbicide use
tended to boost net returns for no-till spring wheat in years with good
weather but depressed net returns in a drought year. Chlorsulfuron at 10 and 20
g ha-1 increased net returns in all three trials. Metsulfuron and
combinations of either metsulfuron or chlorsulfuron with glyphosate had
variable effects on net returns.
252 NAL Call. No.: S561.6.I8I572
Proving the power of personal conviction.
Mosley-Roberts, L.
Ames, Iowa : Integrated Farm Management/Model Farms, Iowa State Universtiy
Extension Service; 1991 Mar.
Inside edge v. 1 (3): p. 3; 1991 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Farm management; Soil conservation; No-tillage
253 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Radiation balance of ridge-tillage with modeling strategies for slope and
aspect in the subarctic.
Sharratt, B.S.; Schwarzer, M.J.; Campbell, G.S.; Papendick, R.I.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Sep.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (5): p. 1379-1384; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alaska; Subarctic soils; Radiation balance; Surface layers;
Ridging; Slope; Aspect; Soil temperature; Mathematical models
Abstract: Radiative exchange at the soil surface can be altered by the
surface configuration. Tillage methods that modify the soil surface for
increased radiation absorption are needed in the subarctic, where soil
temperature is a limiting factor in crop adaptation and production. The
radiation climate of ridge-tillage was investigated to determine the optimum
ridge aspect and slope for maximizing radiation absorption on soils in the
subarctic. Comparisons of net radiation (Rn), albedo, and soil surface
temperatures were made on ridge plots (6.1 by 6.1 m); with ridges oriented
northeast-southwest, northwest-southeast, east-west, and north-south; and a
horizontal surface during the 1988 through 1990 growing seasons at Fairbanks,
AK. A radiation-balance model of ridged surfaces was developed to ascertain
localized irradiance and isothermal net radiation (Rn) effects owing to slope
and aspect of ridges. Measured Rn differences were found at midday on clear
days when Rn was about 30 W m-2 higher on ridged than horizontal surfaces. The
higher Rn resulted from a lower albedo and lower soil surface temperatures of
the ridged surfaces. Modeled irradiance on ridges used in this study agreed
well with measured values. Modeled Rni results using four seasons of
micrometeorological data suggested that southerly aspects inclined 20 to 40
degrees offered the greatest advantage in radiation absorption at Fairbanks.
254 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Recovery of point-injected labeled nitrogen by corn as affected by timing,
rate, and tillage.
Timmons, D.R.; Baker, J.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Sep.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (5): p. 850-857; 1991 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Ammonium nitrate; Soil injection; Application
rates; Application date; Tillage; Effects; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake;
Recovery; Growth; Responses; Use efficiency
Abstract: Point-injection technology is being developed to improve fertilizer
management, particularly N management. This study was conducted to evaluate the
effects of the rate (number) and timing of point-injections of an ammonium
nitrate (NH4NO3) solution on N uptake and corn growth and to measure any
differences due to tillage. Nitrogen-15 depleted NH4NO3 (AN) was hand-injected
beside individual plants at the V1, V5, and/or V9 growth stages at rates of 50,
100, and/or 200 kg N ha-1 with fall moldboard plow (MP), fall chisel plow (CP),
and ridge-till (RT) systems. While MP had the highest grain and total dry
matter production (but with the lowest N concentrations in those
materials), tillage was not a significant factor in either the percentage of
the total plant N derived from labeled AN (N(F)) or its recovery (N(R)) for any
stage sampled. Generally the year (i.e. different environmental
conditions) and application timing or a timing-by-year interaction had the
greatest influence on N(F) and N(R). Although plants sampled at the V9 stage on
the average recovered more N from the V1 application (39%) vs the V5
application (27%), at maturity N(R) values for grain (35%) and total dry
matter (47%) were the same for both V1 or V5 applications (when only two
applications were made). However when three applications were made (at the V1,
V5, and V9 stages), N(R) values decreased with time of application for both
grain (38, 31, and 26%, respectively) and total dry matter (53, 43, and 33%,
respectively). Across application timing, grain N(R) values were 34 and 31%,
respectively, for MP and RT. Compared with preplant knifed-in labeled N for MP
and RT systems in an adjacent simultaneous study, grain N(R) values for
point-injected N in this study were 16 and 6% greater, respectively,
indicating that multiple injections of fertilizer N improved N-use efficiency.
255 NAL Call. No.: S561.6.I8I572
Reduced tillage research: question, answers.
Vaughan, M.
Ames, Iowa : Integrated Farm Management/Model Farms, Iowa State Universtiy
Extension Service; 1991 Sep.
Inside edge v. 1 (6): p. 1-2; 1991 Sep.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Minimum tillage; No-tillage; Soil conservation; Crop
residues
256 NAL Call. No.: 100 AL1H
Reducing production inputs may be profitable for cotton producers.
Patterson, M.G.; Goodman, W.R.; Norris, B.E.; Freeman, B.L.
Auburn University, Ala. : The Station; 1993.
Highlights of agricultural research - Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station
v. 40 (1): p. 11; 1993.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Gossypium hirsutum; Conservation tillage; Cost benefit
analysis; Production costs; Herbicides; Insecticides; Fungicides
257 NAL Call. No.: S591.55.K4S64
The relationship between soil properties and no-tillage agriculture.
Blevins, R.L.
Lexington, Ky. : The Department; 1991.
Soil science news & views - Cooperative Extension Service and University of
Kentucky, College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy v. 12 (2): 3 p.; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kentucky; No-tillage; Soil properties
258 NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
Relationship between weed communities in corn and infestation and damage by the
stalk borer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Pavuk, D.M.; Stinner, B.R.
Tifton, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1991 Apr.
Journal of entomological science v. 26 (2): p. 253-260; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Papaipema nebris; Weeds; No-tillage; Population
dynamics
259 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Reseeding potential of crimson clover as a cover crop for no-tillage corn.
Myers, J.L.; Wagger, M.G.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Nov.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (6): p. 985-991; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Zea mays; Cover crops; No-tillage; Trifolium
incarnatum; Reproductive performance; Seeds; Volunteer plants; Crop
establishment; Resowing; Seed germination; Nitrogen fertilizers; Application
rates; Crop yield; Grain; Maize silage; Nitrogen content; Nutrient uptake; Dry
matter accumulation
Abstract: Leguminous cover crops can provide biologically fixed N to a
subsequent corn (Zea mays L.) crop as well as erosion control and moisture
conserving mulch, but establishment is costly and often unsuccessful. A field
experiment was conducted for 3 yr to determine the self-reseeding potential of
crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and its N contribution in a
no-tillage corn production system. Four cover crop management treatments
(fallow, annual-seeded, volunteer-reseeded, and volunteer strip-reseeded) were
combined factorially with four fertilizer-N rates (0, 50, 100, or 150 kg ha-1)
applied to the subsequent corn crop. The annual-seeded, volunteer-reseeded, and
volunteer strip-reseeded clover treatments were desiccated at corn
planting. Averaged over 3 yr, crimson clover dry matter was 2.6, 4.2, and 3.5
Mg ha-1 for the annual-seeded, volunteer-reseeded, and strip-reseeded
treatments, respectively. In 1988 and 1989, cover crop treatments produced mean
corn grain yields of 6.0 and 6.1 Mg ha-1 compared to fallow treatment yields of
3.4 and 4.0 Mg ha-1, respectively. This same pattern was reflected in the
silage yields and total corn N uptake. Corn grain yields were
unaffected by fertilizer-N rate in two out of 3 yr due to limited rainfall.
Both self-reseeding treatments successfully reestablished each year and
increased corn yields primarily by a mulching effect. Allowing crimson clover
to mature before chemical desiccation or leaving strips between corn rows to
produce seed appear to be effective methods of reseeding clover in a
no-tillage corn silage production system.
260 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Residual nitrogen-15 recovery by corn as influenced by tillage and
fertilization method.
Timmons, D.R.; Cruse, R.M.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (2): p. 357-363; 1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Urea ammonium nitrate; Residual effects; Nitrogen;
Recovery; Grain; Nutrient uptake; Ridging; Plowing; Conservation tillage; Band
placement; Subsurface application; Broadcasting; Soil; Nitrogen content;
Radioactive tracers
Abstract: Tillage systems that create different surface residue conditions may
also affect the recovery of residual fertilizer N during subsequent
growing seasons. This study evaluated the recovery of residual labeled N
fertilizer in the soil by corn (Zea mays L.) for two tillage systems and two
fertilization methods. Five atom % 15N-enriched 28% urea-ammonium nitrate
solution (UAN) at 224 kg N ha-1 was either surface-applied in the fall before
any primary tillage or banded (knifed in) just before planting in the spring.
Continuous corn was grown with either fall moldboard-plow (MP) or ridge-till
(RT) systems. After the initial growing season, the recovery of residual
labeled N in the soil by corn was determined for three consecutive growing
seasons, and the soil profile was sampled periodically to measure residual 15N
in the organic and inorganic pools. One year after labeled UAN application,
from 16 to 27% of the initial 15N applied was found in the organic N pool and
only 1% as inorganic N[NH4 + (NO2 + NO3)-N]. After four seasons, residual 15N
in the organic N pool ranged from 13 to 24%. Less than 0.5% remained as
inorganic N. Regession analyses indicated that about 5 kg 15N ha-1 yr-1 became
available for both MP and RT systems with banded N, so the amounts were small.
Total residual 15N recovery by corn grain plus stover for three seasons ranged
from 1.7 to 3.5%, and was greatest for spring-banded fertilizer (p = 0.01).
Because the amounts of residual 15N utilized were too small to affect corn
growth, this N source appears to be negligible when considering corn-N needs.
261 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Response of no-till corn to nitrogen source, rate, and time of application.
Wells, K.L.; Thom, W.O.; Rice, H.B.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (4): p. 607-610; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; No-tillage; Urea; Nitrogen; Nutrient sources;
Application rates; Application date; Crop yield; Dry matter accumulation;
Nitrogen content
262 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 C162
Response of no-till winter wheat to seed-placed ammonium nitrate fertilizer.
Fowler, D.B.; Brydon, J.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1991 Feb.
Canadian journal of soil science v. 71 (1): p. 55-66; 1991 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; No-tillage;
Ammonium nitrate; Band placement; Application date; Sowing date; Broadcasting;
Crop yield; Grain; Crop quality; Protein content; Application rates; Winter
hardiness; Winter kill
263 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Response of weed to tillage and cover crop residue.
Teasdale, J.R.; Beste, C.E.; Potts, W.E.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 195-199; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Zea mays; Secale cereale; Vicia villosa; Cover crops;
Plant residues; No-tillage; Plowing; Weeds; Population density; Mollugo
verticillata; Chenopodium album; Eleusine indica; Digitaria sanguinalis;
Eragrostis cilianensis; Cultural weed control
Abstract: Total weed density increased after 1 yr of no-tillage and after 2 yr
of conventional tillage in a 4-yr experiment with repeated assignment of the
same treatment to the same plots. Large crabgrass, goosegrass, and
carpetweed densities were higher in the no-tillage compared with the
conventional-tillage treatment in at least 1 yr whereas common lambsquarters
density was greater in the conventional-tillage treatment the last year of the
experiment. Within the no-tillage treatment, rye or hairy vetch residue
reduced total weed density an average of 78% compared to the treatment without
cover crop when cover crop biomass exceeded 300 g m-2 and when residue covered
more than 90% of the soil. Goosegrass, stinkgrass, and carpetweed densities
were reduced by cover crop residue in at least 1 yr whereas large crabgrass was
unaffected. Common lambsquarters density increased where rye was grown as a
cover crop prior to conventional tillage. Despite differences in weed
density among treatments, weed biomass was equivalent in all.
264 NAL Call. No.: S590.S65
Restoration of eroded soil with conservation tillage.
Langdale, G.W.; West, L.T.; Bruce, R.R.; Miller, W.P.; Thomas, A.W.
Cremlingen-Destedt, W. Ger. : CATENA Verlag; 1992 Mar.
Soil technology v. 5 (1): p. 81-90; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Trifolium incarnatum; Sorghum bicolor; Ultisols; Eroded
soils; Soil variability; Rill erosion; Interrill erosion; Runoff; Losses from
soil systems; Crop residues; Conservation tillage; No-tillage; Tillage;
Continuous cropping; Double cropping; Irrigation; Dry farming; Fallow;
Fertilizer requirement determination; Crop yield; Grain; Soil organic matter;
Soil fertility; Soil conservation
265 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822
Restoring the land.
Richards, W.
Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1991 Nov.
Journal of soil and water conservation v. 46 (6): p. 409-410; 1991 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Conservation tillage; Technology; Soil conservation;
Reclamation
266 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656 1993 M877
Ridge-till corn and urea hydrolysis response to N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric
triamide (NBPT).
Murphy, Timothy L.
1993; 1993.
xi, 104 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references.
Language: English
267 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1991 .U53 Map
Ridge-till in the United States 1991., Rev. Oct. 1991..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartographic Center (U.S.)
Ft. Worth, TX : USDA-SCS-National Cartographic Center ; West Lafayette, IN. :
Conservation Technology Information Center, [distributor],; 1992.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Source: Data provided by CTIC 1991. Map prepared
using automated map construction. National Cartographic Center, Fort Worth ,
Texas, 1991. Computer screen image map. Includes graph of "Acres planted by
region" and inset map. 1006642.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ridge-till
268 NAL Call. No.: aG3701.J2 1992 .U53 Map
Ridge-till in the United States 1992., Rev. Nov. 1992..
United States. Soil Conservation Service; National Cartography and Geographic
Information Systems Center (U.S.)
Fort Worth, Tex. : USDA-SCS-National Cartography & Geographic Information
Systems Center ; [West Lafayette, IN.] : Conservation Technology Information
Center, [distributor],; 1993.
1 map : col. ; 19 x 25 cm. Source: Data provided by CTIC 1991. Data for
Alaska and Hawaii falls below minimum category. Map prepared using automated
map construction. National Cartography and Geographic Information System
Center, Fort Worth, Texas, 1992. Computer generated map. Includes graph of
"Acres planted by region" and inset map. 1006642.
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Ridge-till
269 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Ridge-tillage corn response to point-injected nitrogen fertilizer.
Blaylock, A.D.; Cruse, R.M.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Mar.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (2): p. 591-595; 1992 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Nitrogen; Use efficiency; Conservation tillage;
Ridging; Urea ammonium nitrate; Broadcasting; Soil injection; Placement;
Application rates; Crop yield; Nutrient uptake
Abstract: Management practices to improve N-use efficiency have been studied
repeatedly for conventional tillage and no-till systems. Little work has been
done, though, to identify efficient N-placement methods for ridge-tillage
systems. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that point
injection of N in the ridge can optimize N-use efficiency and corn (Zea mays
L.) production in ridge tillage, compared with broadcast N or injection
between rows. Corn-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation studies were
conducted between 1986 and 1998 on Webster and Marna silty clay loams
(fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquoll and fine, montmorillonitic, mesic
Typic Haplaquoll, respectively). Treatments consisted of a control (no N) and
factorial combinations of three N-placement methods (broadcast, point
injection between row, or point injection in rows) and five rates (22, 45, 67,
112, and 157 kg N ha-1) applied as urea-NH4NO3 solution (UAN). Fertilizer-N
recovery by plants was determined at four growth stages in labeled-N
microplots. Corn yields, percentage of N derived from fertilizer, and
percentage of fertilizer N recovered were significantly greater with injected N
than with broadcast N. Injection position generally did not affect plant
response. Point injection of N fertilizer can improve N-uptake efficiency over
broadcast methods in ridge-tillage corn, but the importance of injection
position was not substantiated.
270 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295
A robust resistant approach to interpret spatial behavior of saturated
hydraulic conductivity of a glacial till soil unver no-tillage system.
Mohanty, B.P.; Kanwar, R.S.; Horton, R.
Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1991 Nov.
Water resources research v. 27 (11): p. 2979-2992; 1991 Nov. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Glacial till soils; No-tillage; Saturated hydraulic
conductivity; Soil depth; Surface layers; Spatial variation
Abstract: A central Iowa glacial till soil under no-tillage condition was
studied for its spatial behavior of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) at the
surface soil layers. Hydraulic conductivity measurements both in situ and in
the laboratory were made at two depths of 15 and 30 cm at regular intervals of
4.6 m on two perpendicular transects crossing each other at the center of the
field. Simplified split-window median polishing in conjunction with a robust
semivariogram estimator were used to examine the spatial structure of the
glacial till material. Results of this study indicated a nested structure of K
at 30 cm depth. Soil clustering at the experimental site at intervals of 20 m,
in addition to the soil microheterogeneity, contributed to variation in K, with
an overall range of spatial dependence of K up to 60 m. Medians of split
windows of 23 m width were found to be the "solo representatives" or "summary
points" of the soil clusters contributing to spatial structure. In situ and
laboratory measurements for K showed consistency in their trends even though
some parametric variations were observed. K values observed near the soil
surface at a depth of 15 cm were dominated by white noise and directional
trends.
271 NAL Call. No.: HT401.A36
The role of indigenous tillage systems in sustainable food production.
Rajaram, G.; Erbach, D.C.; Warren, D.M.
Gainesville, Fla. : Humanities and Agriculture, University of Florida; 1991.
Agriculture and human values v. 8 (1/2): p. 149-155; 1991. In the series
analytic: Indigenous agricultural knowledge systems and development / edited by
D.M. Warren. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; India; Conservation tillage; Indigenous knowledge;
Technology; Comparisons; Food production; Sustainability
272 NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6
Screening cover crops for use in conservation tillage systems for vegetables
following spring plowing.
Nelson, W.A.; Kahn, B.A.; Roberts, B.W.
Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1991 Jul.
HortScience v. 26 (7): p. 860-862; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Cover crops; Screening; Conservation tillage;
Vegetables; Cultivation; Herbicides; Treatment
Abstract: Several prospective cover crops were sown into 1-m2 monoculture
plots on 9 Mar. 1987 and 10 Mar. 1988 at Bixby, Okla., and on 14 Mar. 1988 at
Lane, Okla., after sites were plowed and fitted. Densities and dry weights of
cover crops and weeds were determined in late April or early May of both
years. Plots also were evaluated for degree of kill by glyphosate in 1988.
Fourteen cover crops were screened at Bixby in 1987. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa
pratensis L.) and three fescues Festuca rubra L., Festuca rubra L. var.
commutata Gaud.-Beaup., and Festuca elatior L.) were eliminated from further
consideration due to inadequate cover density and inability to suppress weeds.
Screenings of the 10 remaining covers were conducted at both locations in 1988.
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and three small grains [rye (Secale
cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)]
were the most promising cover crops with respect to cover density,
competitiveness against weeds, and degree of kill by glyphosate. Crimson
clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) were the
most promising legumes, but they generally were less satisfactory than the
grassy covers in all tested aspects. A single application of glyphosate was
ineffective in killing hairy vetch at both locations. Chemical name used: N-
(phosphonomethyl)glycine (glyphosate).
273 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46
Seasonal fluctuations in soil microbial biomass carbon, phosphorus nand
activity in no-till and reduced-chemical-input maize agroecosystems.
Buchanan, M.; King, L.D.
Berlin : Springer International; 1992 Aug.
Biology and fertility of soils v. 13 (4): p. 211-217; 1992 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Zea mays; Soil biology; Biomass; Carbon; Legumes;
Microbial activities; No-tillage; Phosphorus; Rotations
274 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Seed rate and row spacing of no-till winter wheat.
Tompkins, D.K.; Hultgreen, G.E.; Wright, A.T.; Fowler, D.B.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jul.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (4): p. 684-689; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; No-tillage; Sowing
rates; Row spacing; Yield response functions; Yield components
Abstract: A snow management system, which utilizes no-till seeding into
standing stubble immediately after harvest of the previous crop, has permitted
the expansion of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in western
Canada. The effect of seed rate and row spacing on grain yield and yield
components of no-till winter wheat were evaluated in 21 trials conducted in
Saskatchewan from 1986 to 1988. Two winter wheat cultivars were evaluated in
eight of the trails. The relationship between grain yield (Y) and seed rate was
best described by a modified inverse polynomial: Y = uSR(1-SR/566)/(SR + u/104)
where u represents the upper limit of yield when seed rate is not
limiting. This curve accounted for 98% of the observed variation in grain
yield. Optimum seed rate varied from 58 kg ha-1 at a very dry trial to 148 kg
ha-1 in a trial with more favorable growing conditions. Grain yield increased
as row spacing decreased and the effect of row spacing on grain yield was
increased under more favorable growing conditions. Increased seed rate and
decreased row spacing interacted positively to increase grain yield so optimum
seed rate increased as row spacing decreased. Increased spikes per square meter
was responsible for the increase in grain yield associated with high seed rate
and narrow row spacing. In contrast, kernel weights were slightly higher with
low seed rate and kernels per spike were higher with low seed rate and wide row
spacing. Optimum seed rate was higher for the cultivar 'Norstar' than for
'Norwin' due to higher yield potential of Norstar under the
conditions experienced in this study.
275 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Seventeen years of cropping systems and tillage affect velvetleaf (Abutilon
theophrasti) seed longevity.
Lueschen, W.E.; Andersen, R.N.; Hoverstad, T.R.; Kanne, B.K.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed science v. 41 (1): p. 82-86; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Abutilon theophrasti; Weed control; Continuous cropping; Fallow;
Rotations; Tillage; No-tillage; Atrazine; Glyphosate; Seed longevity; Seed
germination; Soil depth; Medicago sativa; Zea mays; Avena sativa
Abstract: Velvetleaf is difficult to control in corn and soybean and the seed
can persist in soil for many years. Seven cultural and tillage practices were
established in 1974 on a site heavily infested with velvetleaf to determine the
time required to eradicate velvetleaf seed from the soil. A rapid decline in
velvetleaf seed population in the top 23 cm of soil occurred during the first 5
yr of this study. In the fifth year, the chemical fallow and
continuous alfalfa treatments had 37 and 56% of the original velvetleaf seed
population remaining, respectively. In the 17th year, soils in these
treatments that had received no tillage since study initiation still contained
15 and 25% of the original velvetleaf seed population, respectively. Systems
involving moldboard plowing with continuous-tillage fallow, continuous
cropping of corn or oat, or an annual corn and soybean rotation had a more
rapid decline in the velvetleaf seed population in soil compared to the
chemical fallow and continuous alfalfa treatment. After 17 yr, soil in any
system that had received at least one moldboard plowing per year still
contained 1 to 3 million velvetleaf seed ha-1, which is only 0.8 to 2.5% of the
initial viable seed population. Nearly 100% of the seed remaining in the soil
in the 17th year for all treatments was still viable.
276 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T
Soil and corn response to tillage with paraplow.
Erbach, D.C.; Benjamin, J.G.; Cruse, R.M.; Elamin, M.A.; Mukhtar, S.; Choi,
C.H.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1992 Sep.
Transactions of the ASAE v. 35 (5): p. 1347-1354; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Tillage; Plows; Crop yield; Soil physical
properties
Abstract: Corn (Zea mays L.) grown following corn, on poorly drained,
fine-textured soils, with no-till tends to yield less than with other tillage
systems. Surface residues conserved with no-till reduce erosion, thus,
techniques must be found to avoid yield reductions. Field experiments were
conducted to evaluate use of the Paraplow (Howard Rotovator Co., Inc.), a
tillage tool that loosens soil without inversion, for continuous corn
production. No-till, chisel plow, moldboard plow, and Paraplow systems were
evaluated on three poorly drained, medium- and fine-textured soils in Iowa. All
tillage tools reduced bulk density and penetration resistance to the depth of
tillage. However, after planting only the soil tilled with the Paraplow
remained less dense. Plant residue cover had more effect on corn growth than
did soil loosening. Emergence and yield of corn were inversely related to
amount of residue on soil surface after planting.
277 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Soil carbon and nitrogen changes on initiation of no-till cropping systems.
Wood, C.W.; Westfall, D.G.; Peterson, G.A.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Mar.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (2): p. 470-476; 1991 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Colorado; No-tillage; Grasslands; Intensive cropping; Nitrate
nitrogen; Soil chemistry; Soil depth; Soil fertility; Toposequences; Carbon;
Nitrogen
Abstract: Previous research indicates that increased cropping intensity
(crops/time) under no-till may increase soil organic C and N contents and
reduce risk for NO3-N leaching, compared with tilled and frequent-fallow
systems. This study was conducted to determine the effect of cropping
intensity on changes in soil organic C and N and NO3-N after 4 yr (1985-1989)
of no-till and perennial grassland management. The effects were examined over
three toposequences in the west-central Great Plains that had been previously
under tilled and frequent-fallow systems for >50 yr. Production systems
included wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow (WF), wheat-corn (Zea mays L.) or
sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)-millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)-fallow
(WCMF), and perennial grass (CG). Organic C and N accumulated, was maintained,
and declined in 0- to 2.5-,2.5- to 5-, and 5- to 10-cm soil layers,
respectively, for all systems in the relatively short study period (4 yr). More
intense systems (WCMF and CG) had greater contents of soil organic C and N in
the aggregate 0- to 10-cm layer than WF after 4 yr. Smaller profile
(0-180 cm) NO3-N contents occurred under WCMF (60 kg ha-1) and CG (10 kg ha-1)
than WF (120 kg ha-1) systems, and showed promise for reducing NO3-N leaching
risk with increased cropping intensity. This study indicates that rapid
changes in C and N occur with initiation of no-till in soils previously
managed under tilled and frequent-fallow systems and that increased cropping
intensity will promote higher equilibrium levels of organic C and N, but lower
levels of NO3-N.
278 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T
Soil loss form conservation tillage for sorghum.
McGregor, K.C.; Mutchler, C.K.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1992 Nov.
Transactions of the ASAE v. 35 (6): p. 1841-1845; 1992 Nov. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Sorghum; Losses from soil; Ridging; Conservation
tillage
Abstract: Soil loss was measured from ridge-till, reduced-till (no-till plant
and cultivate), no-till, and conventional-till grain sorghum on 22.1-m long,
up-and-down-hill erosion plots. Soil loss ratios were computed from
measurements for each crop stage of the tillage systems for use in the
Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to estimate soil loss. Annual soil loss
from the ridge-till sorghum averaged 5.7 t/ha compared to 7.8 t/ha from
conventional-till and 3.3 t/ha from reduced-till. Greater losses from the
ridge-till than from reduced-till were attributed to erosiveness of the higher
ridges in ridge-till. No-till was far superior to the other systems in
controlling erosion. Soil loss was 2 t/ha following conventional-till cotton.
Significantly, no-till soil loss after no-till cotton was reduced to 0.3 t/ha.
279 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783
Soil management for irrigated vegetable production. I. The growth of
processing tomatoes following soil preparation by cultivation, zero-tillage and
an in situ-grown mulch.
Stirzaker, R.J.; Sutton, B.G.; Collis-George, N.
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization; 1993.
Australian journal of agricultural research v. 44 (4): p. 817-829; 1993.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New South Wales; Lycopersicon esculentum; Growth; Irrigated
conditions; Mulches; No-tillage; Soil fertility; Trifolium subterraneum;
Cultivation
280 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6
Soil nitrate concentrations under corn as affected by tillage, manure, and
fertilizer applications.
Angle, J.S.; Gross, C.M.; Hill, R.L.; McIntosh, M.S.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of environmental quality v. 22 (1): p. 141-147; 1992 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Nitrate nitrogen; Leaching; Zea mays; Tillage;
No-tillage; Manures; Ammonium nitrate; Crop yield; Soil depth; Application
rates
Abstract: A 3-yr study was conducted to examine combination effects of
tillage (no-till, conventional-till), manure, and inorganic fertilizer
(ammonium nitrate) on leaching of nitrates from the root zone of corn (Zea mays
L.). Soil cores were collected every spring to a depth of 210 cm and analyzed
for NO3-N. Leaching of NO3-N significantly increased as fertilizer N rates
increased, especially when rates exceeded the crop's potential to
assimilate N. The concentration of soil nitrate (averaged over depth and
tillage) in Year 3 of the study under the unfertilized control plots was 2.5 mg
NO3-N kg-1, whereas the concentration under plots fertilized with 260 kg N ha-1
was 8.7 mg NO3-N kg-1. Soil nitrate concentrations were consistently lower
under no-tillage when compared with conventional-tillage. Tillage
differences were greatest when high rates of N were added to soil. These
results indicate that the use of no-tillage cultivation may reduce the
leaching of nitrates beyond the crop root zone.
281 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Soil nitrogen status as affected by tillage, crops, and crop sequences.
Eck, H.V.; Jones, O.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul.
Agronomy Journal v. 84 (4): p. 660-668; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Sorghum bicolor; Continuous cropping;
Sequential cropping; No-tillage; Stubble mulching; Conservation tillage;
Fallow; Soil fertility; Nitrogen; Nutrient availability; Nitrate nitrogen; Crop
yield; Grain; Leaching; Losses from soil systems
Abstract: Conservation tillage practices, including no-till (NT), reduce soil
erosion and increase precipitation storage efficiency, but may decrease
available soil N. We conducted studies at two sites to determine the
comparative effects of NT and stubble mulch (SM) on the N supplying capacity of
Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Torrertic Paleustolls) cropped to
continuous wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (CW), continuous grain sorghum
[Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (CS), wheat-sorghum-fallow (WSF), and
wheat-fallow (WF) sequences. AT one site, accumulation of NO3-N in the surface
1.2 m (in kg ha-1) was CW NT-20, CW SM-37, CS NT-28; CS SM-24, WSF NT-34, WSF
SM-52, WF NT-57, and WF SM-60. Tillage significantly affected N accumulation
only on the WSF sequence. Nitrate -N moved deeper into the profile under NT
than under SM, indicating that differences in the root zone may have resulted
from differential leaching rather than from differential nitrification. Yields
under no-till and stubble mulch were similar except on continuous grain
sorghum where nitrogen deficiency was encountered and stubble mulch outyielded
no-till.
282 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T
Soil physical properties as affected by grain cart traffic.
Wood, R.K.; Reeder, R.C.; Morgan, M.T.; Holmes, R.G.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1993 Jan.
Transactions of the ASAE v. 36 (1): p. 11-15; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Soil compaction; Soil physical properties; Tillage;
Trafficability
Abstract: Changes in soil physical properties resulting from multiple passes
of an 18 m3 single-axle grain cart with a 15.2 t axle load were measured one
year after the traffic occurred. Air permeability, air-filled porosity, and dry
density data were analyzed to determine how the soil responded to grain cart
traffic and pre- and post-traffic tillage. Four repeated passes of the cart
decreased air-filled porosity and permeability by as much as 50% in the 200- to
400-mm depth range when compared to the effect of a single wheel pass. With
pre-traffic chisel plowing to a depth of 200 mm, most of the compaction in the
100- to 200-mm depth occurred on the first pass. However, four repeated passes
had a greater effect on soil properties in the plots that received no tillage
compared to the plots that were chiseled before trafficking.
283 NAL Call. No.: S662.F4
Soil sampling patterns for assessing no-tillage fertilization tehcniques.
Tyler, D.D.; Howard, D.D.
Manchester, Mo. : Fluid Fertilizer Foundation; 1991.
Journal of fertilizer issues v. 8 (3): p. 52-56; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Silt loam soils; Fertilizer requirement determination;
Soil testing; Sampling; Random sampling; Soil test values; Spatial variation;
No-tillage; Phosphorus; Potassium; Nitrogen; Potassium fertilizers; Urea
ammonium nitrate; Phosphorus pentoxide; Broadcasting; Band placement; Soil
depth; Furrows
284 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6
Sorption-desorption kinetics of alachlor in surface soil from two soybean
tillage systems.
Locke, M.A.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Oct.
Journal of environmental quality v. 21 (4): p. 558-566; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alachlor; Sorption; Tillage; No-tillage; Surface layers; Silt loam
soils; Desorption; Agitation; Soil organic matter
Abstract: Alachlor
[2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)-acetamide] sorption patterns
were evaluated in surface (0-5 cm) Dundee silt loam (fine-silty, mixed,
thermic Aeric Ochraqualf) soil collected from long-term conventional tillage
(CT) and no-tillage (NT) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plots. Three
concentrations of [14C] alachlor (0.58, 2.44, and 18.1 micromoles L-1) in 0.01
M CaCl2 were added to soil (3 g/18 mL) and samples were shaken for time
periods ranging from 1 min to 96 h. The difference between initial and final
alachlor concentration was attributed to sorption. Desorption (0.01 M CaCl2)
was measured for samples initially sorbed for 1, 24, or 96 h. Desorbed soils
were extracted with methanol and then combusted. Freundlich parameters (K(f),
[1/n]) were calculated for alachlor sorption and desorption using nonlinear
regression. Sorption K(f) values for soil from both tillage systems increased
as sorption shaking time increased. Desorption was hysteretic, and length of
sorption shaking increased nonsingularity. Sorption K(f) values measured for NT
were greater than CT for each of the 1, 24, and 96 h sorption shaking
times. Similarly, desorption K(f) values for NT were greater than for CT.
Kinetics were evaluated using a three-site model. Sorption patterns indicated
rapid initial sorption up to approximately 3 h followed by slower sorption. No
change in solution alachlor was observed after 48 h for either tillage
treatment. Labile and restricted fractions increased with time, especially for
NT. The increased rate and overall quantity of alachlor sorption in NT was
attributed to higher soil organic residues.
285 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Soybean planting date, row width, and seeding rate response in three tillage
systems.
Oplinger, E.S.; Philbrook, B.D.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (1): p. 94-99; 1992 Jan. Paper
presented at a symposium on "Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems"
presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, January 14-19, 1991, San Francisco, California.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Glycine max; Planting date; Row spacing; Width; Sowing
rates; No-tillage; Conservation tillage; Tillage; Crop yield
286 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Soybean production as affected by tillage in a corn and soybean management
system. II. Seed treatment response.
Lueschen, W.E.; Evans, S.D.; Ford, J.H.; Hoverstad, T.R.; Kanne, B.K.; Orf,
J.H.; Staricka, J.A.; Steinstra, W.C.; Warnes, D.D.; Hicks, D.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (4): p. 580-585; 1991 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Glycine max; Cultivars; Zea mays; Rotations;
Phytophthora; Root rots; Plant disease control; Captan; Metalaxyl; No-tillage;
Ridging; Moldboards; Plowing; Chiselling; Seed treatment; Responses; Crop
production; Performance; Crop yield; Crop density; Seed germination; Seedling
emergence; Plant height; Maturation; Seeds; Weight; Seedlings; Vigor; Seed
quality; Varietal susceptibility; Interactions; Temporal variation; Spatial
variation
287 NAL Call. No.: 100 T25F
Soybean varieties evaluated for response to narrow rows and cross-checked
planting systems under no-till.
Graves, C.R.; Harrison, M.P.; Bradley, J.F.
Knoxville : Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Tennessee,; 1993.
Tennessee farm and home science : progress report (166): p. 32-34; 1993.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tennessee; Cabt; Glycine max; Row spacing; No-tillage; Crop
yield; Cultivars
288 NAL Call. No.: S561.6.A82E96
Soybeans--no-till, following wheat, loamy soils, flood irrigation.
Windham, T.E.; Stuart, C.A.; Herrington, B.E. Jr
Fayetteville, Ark.?: The Service; 1991 Nov.
Extension technical bulletin - UA Cooperative Extension Service (155): 6 p.;
1991 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arkansas; Glycine max; Crop production; Cost analysis; Farm
budgeting; Production costs; Loam soils; No-tillage; Flood irrigation
289 NAL Call. No.: QL461.G4
Spring- and fall-tillage system effects on Hessian fly (Diptera:
Cecidomyiidae) emergence from a coastal plain soil.
Chapin, J.W.; Thomas, J.S.; Sullivan, M.J.
Griffin, Ga. : Georgia Entomological Society; 1992 Oct.
Journal of entomological science v. 27 (4): p. 293-300; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Carolina; Triticum aestivum; Mayetiola destructor;
No-tillage; Discing; Straw burning; Plowing; Spring; Autumn; Insect control
290 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8
Stand and yield of cucumber seeded with gel and fungicides in various tillage
systems.
Ghate, S.R.; Sumner, D.R.; Phatak, S.C.
Guildford : Butterworths; 1991 Feb.
Crop protection v. 10 (1): p. 23-27; 1991 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Cucumis sativus; Seeds; Drilling; Gels; Seed dressings;
Metalaxyl; Flutolanil; Chemical control; Rhizoctonia solani; Pythium; Seed
germination; Stand establishment; Seedling emergence; Conservation tillage;
Deep tillage; Harrowing; Mowing; Crop yield; Crop density; Disease prevalence;
Incidence
291 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Starter P fertilizer placement as a 'pop-up' application for ridge-till corn
and soybeans.
Woodard, H.J.; Sorensen, D.R.; Claypool, D.A.; Winther, D.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Oct.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (99): 6 p.;
1992 Oct. In the series analytic: Soil science research in the Plant Science
Department : 1991 Annual Report. Soil PR 91-25.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Glycine max; Zea mays; Phosphorus; Row tillage;
Application methods; Crop yield; Dry matter
292 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T
Still video analysis of crop residue soil covers.
Morrison, J.E. Jr; Chichester, F.W.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1991 Nov.
Transactions of the ASAE v. 34 (6): p. 2469-2474. ill; 1991 Nov. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Crop residues; Conservation tillage; Mulches; Imagery
Abstract: A still video system was used to take RGB color images for system
calibration, procedural developments, and initial analyses of percentage of
soil covered by crop residues. A state-of-the-art PC image processor was used
with customized software. A simplistic discrimination technique was used to
classify individual image pixels as either residue cover or soil background. It
was determined that analysis of only 12% of the image pixels would provide
stable results. Shadows were not a significant problem. Color of the
background affected the results, even with residues simulated with wooden
dowels of known dimensions. Relative size of the residue pieces affected the
performance, with better performance achieved with thick residues, such as
corn, as contrasted with wheat residues. Analyses of actual residue images were
generally too variable to be acceptable without further development on the
discrimination of colors and soil backgrounds.
293 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Stratification of soil acidity derived from nitrogen fertilization in winter
wheat tillage systems.
Jacobsen, J.S.; Westerman, R.L.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22 (13/14): p. 1335-1346;
1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; Silt loam soils; Clay
loam soils; Soil acidity; Acidification; Stratigraphy; Profiles; Conservation
tillage; No-tillage; Urea; Soil acidulants; Soil depth; Broadcasting; Surface
layers; Soil ph; Application rates; Application date; Continuous cropping;
Statistical analysis
294 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Subterranean clover living mulch: an alternative method of weed control.
Ilnicki, R.D.; Enache, A.J.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 May.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 40 (1/4): p. 249-264; 1992 May. In
the Special Issue: Biotic Diversity in Agroecosystems / edited by M.G.
Paoletti and D. Pimentel. Proceedings from a symposium on Agroecology and
Conservation Issues in Tropical and a Temperate Regions, September 26-29, 1990,
Padova, Italy. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New Jersey; Weed control; Live mulches; Trifolium subterraneum;
Mulches; Secale cereale; Cover crops; Zea mays; Glycine max; Cucurbita pepo;
Brassica oleracea; Phaseolus vulgaris; Lycopersicon esculentum; Tillage;
Minimum tillage; No-tillage; Herbicides; Weeds; Biomass production; Crop
yield; Alternative farming
295 NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6
Survival and growth of peach trees planted in killed bahiagrass at an old
orchard site.
Evert, D.R.; Bertrand, P.F.
Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1993 Jan.
HortScience v. 28 (1): p. 26-28; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Prunus persica; Growth; Survival; Paspalum notatum;
Planting; Tillage; No-tillage; Fenamiphos; Root treatment; Nematode control;
Mineral nutrition; Plant parasitic nematodes
Abstract: More peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.] trees survived when
planted in killed bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge 'Paraguayan-22') sod
growing between previous orchard tree rows (98%) than when planted in previous
tree sites (81%) or in previous tree rows, but halfway between previous tree
sites (79%). The previous orchard was removed Nov. 1986, and new trees were
planted Feb. 1987. Surviving trees in the killed sod grew better than trees at
the other two sites. Tilling the sites before planting did not affect nematode
populations or tree survival and growth. Soaking the tree roots in a
fenamiphos solution (1 g.liter-1) for 20 minutes before planting resulted in
79% tree survival vs. 93% survival for the nonsoaked trees. Fenamiphos sprayed
under the trees at a rate of 11.2 kg.ha-1 during the spring and fall of the
planting year did not change nematode populations, tree survival, or tree
growth. The fenamiphos sprays reduced the increase in trunk cross-sectional
area by 3 cm2 for trees in the sod. Other than leaf Zn concentration, which was
low, concentrations of the elements were within the sufficiency range for
Georgia for all treatments. Trees planted in the killed sod had an increased
leaf K concentration and decreased leaf Mg concentration when compared with
trees planted in the rows.
296 NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
Survival of Cercospora zeae-maydis in corn residue in Ohio.
Nazareno, N.R.X. de; Lipps, P.E.; Madden, L.V.
St. Paul, Minn. : American Phytopathological Society; 1992 Jun.
Plant disease v. 76 (6): p. 560-563; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Zea mays; Cercospora zeae-maydis; Survival; Overwintering;
Crop residues; Infections; Leaves; Leaf sheaths; Lesions; Incorporation;
Tillage; No-tillage; Conidia; Sporulation; Spore germination; Climatic
factors; Seasonal fluctuations; Winter; Spring; Biodegradation
297 NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1244
Sustainable agriculture practices for field crop production in the Northeast
written and directed by Joan Falkenberg ; project coordinator, Jane Mt.
Pleasant.
Falkenberg, Joan
Cornell University, Cooperative Extension, Cornell University, Audio-Visual
Resource Center
Ithaca, NY : [Cornell Cooperative Extension?] : Audio-Visual Resource Center
[Distributor],; 1991.
1 videocassette (12 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. Produced for Cornell
Cooperative Extension at the Eductional Television Center, Media Services,
Cornell University.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sustainable agriculture; Pests; Conservation tillage; Cropping
systems
Abstract: Covers the following sustainable agricultural topics in economic and
environmental terms: crop rotation, soil testing for nutrient management,
conservation tillage, integrated pest management, planting cover crops, and
record keeping.
298 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Sustainable dryland cropping in southern Australia: a review.
Hoare, J.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Feb.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 38 (3): p. 193-204; 1992 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South australia; Dry farming; Sustainability; Alternative
farming; Stubble cultivation; Minimum tillage; Cultivation; Rotations; Soil
structure; Soil ph; Soil salinity; Acidification; Clay loam soils; Herbicides;
Land use; Mediterranean climate; Direct sowing; Soil conservation
299 NAL Call. No.: SB197.A1T7
Sustaining multiple production systems. 2. Soil fertility decline and
restoration of cropping lands in sub-tropical Queensland.
Dalal, R.C.; Strong, W.M.; Weston, E.J.; Gaffney, J.
St Lucia : Tropical Grassland Society of Australia; 1991 Jun.
Tropical grasslands v. 25 (2): p. 173-180; 1991 Jun. Paper presented at the
"Fourth Australian Conference on Tropical Pastures," November, 1990,
Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Queensland; Multiple land use; Sustainability; Tropical
grasslands; Pastures; Nitrogen content; Soil fertility; Nitrogen fixation;
Leguminosae; No-tillage; Ley farming; Rotations; Soil degradation;
Productivity; Agropastoral systems; Subtropics
300 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
System for collecting undisturbed cores from surface soils for
micromorphological analysis.
Rhoton, F.E.; McChesney, D.S.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Nov.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (6): p. 1796-1797; 1991 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Silt loam soils; Undisturbed sampling; Core sampling; Surface
layers; Soil micromorphology; Conservation tillage; Core samplers; Hydraulic
equipment; Structural design; Production costs
Abstract: Intact soil cores are difficult to extract from reduced-tillage
plots using available equipment due to the tendency of cores to separate at
planes of weakness. A split-tube sampler was developed to minimize disruptions
of the natural soil fabric that frequently occur as the core is removed from
the sampling equipment. Construction details are provided that permit this
equipment to be attached to standard hydraulically driven soil-coring
equipment. Use of this equipment, in conjunction with sample containers that
are resistant to laboratory pretreatment procedures and impregnating resins,
greatly reduced sample handling and the potential for creating structural
anomalies.
301 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Tank-mix combinations for weed control in stale seedbed soybean (Glycine max).
Bruff, S.A.; Shaw, D.R.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (1): p.
45-51; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Glycine max; Weed control; Chemical control; Cassia
obtusifolia; Ipomoea lacunosa; Sesbania exaltata; Herbicide mixtures;
Chlorimuron; Imazaquin; Metribuzin; Paraquat; Glyphosate; Conservation tillage
302 NAL Call. No.: TD424.35.T2W37
Tennessee is a leader in no-till agriculture.
Denton, H.P.
Knoxville, Tenn. : The Service; 1992 May.
Water protection conservation management v. 5 (2): p. 2; 1992 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tennessee; No-tillage; Erosion; Erosion control
303 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Tillage and crop rotation affect corn, soybean, and winter wheat yields.
Lund, M.G.; Carter, P.R.; Oplinger, E.S.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (2): p. 207-213; 1993 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Cabt; Zea mays; Glycine max; Triticum aestivum;
Rotations; Crop yield; Plowing; Moldboards; No-tillage; Continuous cropping;
Sequential cropping; Crop residues; Soil temperature; Plant height; Seed
moisture; Crop density; Cultivars
304 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Tillage and crop rotation effects on fertility status of a hapludult soil.
Edwards, J.H.; Wood, C.W.; Thurlow, D.L.; Ruf, M.E.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Sep.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (5): p. 1577-1582; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Zea mays; Triticum aestivum; Glycine max; Hapludults; No-
tillage; Conservation tillage; Tillage; Continuous cropping; Rotations; Cover
crops; Soil ph; Soil organic matter; Bulk density; Nutrient
availability; Soil fertility
Abstract: Tillage and crop rotations influence soil characteristics and may
alter nutrient availability. A study was conducted at the Sand Mountain
Substation, Crossville, AL, to determine the effects of 10 yr of conservation
tillage and crop rotation on soil fertility. Tillage systems included no-till
(NT) and conventional tillage (CT); crop rotations were continuous corn (Zea
mays L.)--wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cover (CW) continuous soybean [Glycine
max (L.) Merr.]-wheat for cover (SW), and corn-wheat cover-soybean-wheat cover
(CWSW). Soil pH, organic matter, bulk density, and Mehlich-1 (double-acid)
extractable P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Cu were determined on samples collected
after 10 growing seasons. Tillage system did not affect soil pH; however, CW
and CWSW crop rotations lowered soil pH due to applications of N fertilizers.
Organic matter was increased from 10 g kg-1 in the surface 15 cm to 15.5 g kg-1
in the surface 10 cm after 10 yr of NT. This represents an increase in organic
matter of 56%, while organic matter was constant under CT. Organic matter was
affected by crop rotation and decreased in order or CW > CWSW > SW. Bulk
density decreased under NT compared with CT. Crop rotations decreased bulk
density in the order of CWS > SW > CW. Double-acid-extractable nutrients were
affected by tillage, crop rotation, and soil depth. Potassium
availability was greater in the rotations CW and CWSW under CT than in the same
crop sequence under NT. Rotations with a higher frequency of corn
appeared to negatively affect P, Ca, and Mg availability due to lower soil pH
values. Our results demonstrate that long-term soil management practices
affect soil pH, organic matter, bulk density, and nutrient availability. They
further show that different tillage and crop rotations may require distinctly
different soil fertility management.
305 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.S86S8
Tillage and crop rotation effects on soil organic matter in a Typic Hapludult
of northern Alabama.
Wood, C.W.; Edwards, J.H.; Cummins, C.G.
Binghamton, N.Y. : Food Products Press; 1991.
Journal of sustainable agriculture v. 2 (2): p. 31-41; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Glycine max; Zea mays; Triticum aestivum; Hapludults;
Tillage; No-tillage; Rotations; Soil organic matter; Nitrogen; Carbon; Long
term experiments
306 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Tillage and cropping system effects on cotton yield and profitability on the
Texas Southern High Plains.
Segarra, E.; Keeling, J.W.; Abernathy, J.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (4): p. 566-571; 1991 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Gossypium hirsutum; Triticum aestivum; Sorghum bicolor;
Rotations; Continuous cropping; Furrow irrigation; Dry farming; Conservation
tillage; No-tillage; Tillage; Profitability; Ranking; Valuation; Returns; Fixed
costs; Variable costs; Farm inputs; Temporal variation; Crop weed
competition; Herbicides; Loam soils; Precipitation; Crop yield; Lint;
Stochastic processes
307 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Tillage and simulated rainfall intensity effect on bromide movement in an
Argiudoll.
Bicki, T.J.; Guo, L.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 May.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (3): p. 794-799; 1991 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Glycine max; Zea mays; Bromide; Chemicals;
Infiltration; Movement in soil; No-tillage; Rainfall simulators; Silt loam
soils; Soil physical properties; Tillage
Abstract: Movement of Br- in a Flanagan silt loam (fine, montmorillonitic,
mesic Aquic Argiudoll) managed under five different tillage systems and
subjected to three simulated rainfall intensities was documented. Under low (10
mm/h) and medium (25 mm/h) simulated rainfall intensities, movement of Br-in
the soil profile was not significantly different between moldboard plow, chisel
plow, disk plow, para-till, and no-till systems. When subjected to a high
simulated rainfall intensity, significantly greater Br- movement occurred in
the soil profile managed under continuous, long-term no-till. Greater
movement of Br- in the no-till soil was attributed to preferential flow.
308 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Tillage- and traffic-induced changes in macroporosity and macropore
continuity: air permeability assessment.
Roseberg, R.J.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (4): p. 1261-1267; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Macropores; Geometry; Porosity; Quantitative analysis; Soil air;
Permeability; Soil analysis; Tillage; No-tillage; Wheels; Zea mays; Medicago
sativa; Bulk density
Abstract: Quantitative analysis of macropore geometry in undisturbed soils has
been hindered by difficulties in creating conditions where macropore
measurements can be separated from matrix pore measurements. Such analysis is
important, however, for evaluating tillage management effects on both root
growth and solute movement. Inferences regarding management effects on
macroporosity were made possible by combining the use of improved
air-permeability techniques with two recently developed methods to analyze air-
permeability (Ka) data, using undisturbed soil samples from a tillage study.
Log10 Ka values exhibited a near-normal distribution. In wheel-traffic
interrows (Wh), macropore air permeability was significantly less under
conventional-tillage corn (CT) than no-tillage corn (NT) and no-tillage
alfalfa (ALF). Tillage differences were usually not significant in
non-wheel-traffic interrows (NWh). Wheel traffic significantly decreased air
permeability for CT, but not for NT or ALF. The two methods or analyzing
air-permeability data yielded similar inferences regarding macropore geometry.
Conventional tillage decreased bulk density (increasing total porosity) for NWh
only, but seemed to decrease the stability, number, and continuity of
macropores relative to NT and ALF. Macroporosity and macropore geometric
factors were affected little by traffic for NT and ALF, but traffic
significantly affected CT macropores in this study where samples were taken
approximately 1 mo after corn planting.
309 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Tillage effects on selected physical properties of grantsburg silt loam.
Kitur, B.K.; Olson, K.R.; Siemens, J.C.; Phillips, S.R.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1993.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 24 (13/14): p. 1509-1527;
1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Zea mays; Glycine max; Silt loam soils; No-tillage;
Chiselling; Plowing; Resistance to penetration; Bulk density; Aggregates;
Stability; Pore size; Soil pore system
310 NAL Call. No.: 81 SO12
Tillage reduces yield and crown, fern, and bud growth in a mature asparagus
planting.
Wilcox-Lee, D.; Drost, D.T.
Alexandria, Va. : The Society; 1991 Nov.
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science v. 116 (6): p.
937-941; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Asparagus officinalis; No-tillage; Tillage; Crop yield;
Growth; Weed control; Carbohydrates; Metribuzin; Napropamide; Roots; Seasonal
variation
Abstract: Asparagus officinalis L. cv. Centennial established with
transplants in 1983 was maintained with tillage or a no-till (NT) system to
evaluate effects of tillage on yield and plant growth in a mature asparagus
planting. Metribuzin or metribuzin + napropamide at 1.12 and 1.68 kg a.i./ha,
respectively, were used for weed control in both tillage regimes. Marketable
yields were assessed for 5 years. In 1989, in addition to yield data,
destructive harvests of entire plants were made every 3 weeks from March to
November to evaluate the effect of tillage on fern, crown, and bud growth, and
carbohydrate status. Yields were reduced by tillage from 12% to 50% from 1985
to 1989. There were no herbicide effects nor was there an effect on yield due
to an interaction between herbicides and tillage. All indices of growth
measured for NT exceeded those in tilled plots, although seasonal patterns of
growth were similar in both. Crown and fern weight, bud cluster, and bud and
fern counts were higher by 178%, 175%, 152%, 161%, and 195%, respectively, in
NT than in tilled plots. The metribuzin + napropamide combination did not
reduce fern fresh weight or yield, but significantly reduced the number of bud
clusters, buds, and ferns when compared to metribuzin alone.
311 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Tillage, row spacing, and planting date effects on soybean following corn or
wheat.
Lueschen, W.E.; Ford, J.H.; Evans, S.D.; Kanne, B.K.; Hoverstad, T.R.;
Randall, G.W.; Orf, J.H.; Hicks, D.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (2): p. 254-260; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Glycine max; Zea mays; Triticum aestivum; Crop yield;
Tillage; Plowing; Moldboards; Chiselling; Discing; Ridging; No-tillage;
Rotations; Row spacing; Planting date; Crop density; Crop residues
312 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Tillage treatments and earthworm distribution in a swiss experimental corn
field.
Wyss, E.; Glasstetter, M.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Dec.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (12): p. 1635-1639; 1992 Dec. In the
special issue ISEE 4. Proceedings of the "4th International Symposium on
Earthworm Ecology," June 11-15, 1990, Avignon, France / edited by A.
Kretzschmar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Switzerland; Oligochaeta; Species; Earthworms; Populations; Zea
mays; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Catch cropping; Undersowing; Biological
activity in soil; Species diversity; Population density; Biomass; Population
distribution
Abstract: A pedobiological investigation was performed on a soil erosion
research area of the Geographical Institute of the University of Basel from
April to November 1989. The site belongs to, and is cultivated by, the
Agricultural School Centre "Kantonale Landwirtschaftliche Schule"
Stickhof/Eschikon in Lindau near Zurich (northern Switzerland). In a cropping
experiment with corn (Zea mays), the influence of four tillage systems on
earthworm populations was studied. Aspects of soil physics and soil chemistry
were integrated into the investigation. The earthworms were extracted by means
of the hand sorting method at six dates in 1989 chosen to represent typical
periods of corn cropping. The four tested tillage systems had an influence on
earthworm species composition, abundance, and biomass: (1) The consequence of
tillage itself was a reduction of about 50% of abundance (number of
individuals m-2 and 30% of biomass (g live w m-2), but these losses were
equalized during the following months. (2) The minimum tillage (strip zone
tillage with a rotary cultivator and simultaneous seeding) caused a higher soil
compaction, a negative selection of horizontally burrowing ("endoge") species,
and a subsequent diminution of their abundance. (3) Ploughing had a
disadvantageous effect on vertically burrowing ("anecique") species. (4) The
winter catch crop cover enhanced the food supply and hence the earthworm
biomass. An undersown cover had an additional favourable effct on earthworms.
313 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Timing nitrogen applications for corn in a winter legume conservation-tillage
system.
Reeves, D.W.; Wood, C.W.; Touchton, J.T.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1993 Jan.
Agronomy journal v. 85 (1): p. 98-106; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Zea mays; Conservation tillage; Trifolium incarnatum;
Cover crops; Coastal plain soils; Nitrogen fertilizers; Application rates;
Fertilizer requirement determination; Application date; Timing; Nutrient
uptake; Nitrogen; Use efficiency; Crop yield; Grain; Dry matter accumulation;
Split dressings
Abstract: Fertilizer N efficiency of corn (Zea mays L.) in
conservation-tillage systems with winter legumes such as crimson clover
(Trifolium incarnatum L.) can possible be improved by better synchronization of
legume-N release, fertilizer-N application time, and crop demand for N. The
objective of this 3-yr (1986-1988) field experiment was to determine the
effect of N application time on dry matter accumulation, N uptake, and grain
yield of corn grown in a winter legume conservation-tillage system. Corn was
planted with unit planters into crimson clover residue following in-row
subsoiling. The clover was killed at midbloom every year. Treatments were a
factorial arrangement of fertilizer N rates and application time. Nitrogen as
NH4NO3 was broadcast at rates of 34, 67, and 134 kg ha(-1). Zero-N checks were
also included in both clover and rye (Secale cereal L.) plots. Application
times were at planting, or 3, 6, or 9 wk later. In addition, split
applications (1/3 at planting and the remainder 6 wk later) of the 67 and 134
kg N ha(-1) rates were included. In 2 of 3 yr, dry matter accumulation was not
affected by N application time. In 1987, however, dry matter production was
greater when N was applied at planting compared to split applications or
applications later than 3 wk after planting. Application time affected N
uptake patterns during the growing season, but generally did not affect total N
uptake at the end of the season. With the exception of the first year, split N
applications resulted in equivalent or reduced N uptake compared to
application of all N at planting. Based on linear regression models, maximum
yield was obtained with 134, 116, and 93 kg N ha(-1) in 1987, 1988, and 1989,
respectively. After the first year, applying N later than 6 wk after planting
reduced grain yield and split applications of N were not effective in
increasing grain yield. These results suggest that the fertilizer N
requirement of corn grown in winter legume conservation -tillage syste
314 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Timing of chlorimuron and imazaquin application for weed control in no-till
soybeans (Glycine max).
Carey, J.B.; Defelice, M.S.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 232-237; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Missouri; Glycine max; No-tillage; Weed control; Chemical
control; Chlorimuron; Imazaquin; Herbicide mixtures; Metribuzin; Glyphosate;
Metolachlor; Preplanting treatment; Timing; Application date; Row spacing; Crop
yield; Seeds; Chenopodium album; Xanthium strumarium; Setaria faberi; Annuals
Abstract: Field studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of herbicide
application timing on weed control in no-till soybean production. Row spacing
generally had no effect on weed control. Herbicide treatments containing
chlorimuron plus metribuzin applied as many as 45 days prior to planting in
1988 and 1989 controlled broadleaf weeds throughout the growing season.
Imazaquin applied 45 and 30 days prior to planting provided poor control of
common cocklebur in 1989. Giant foxtail control was inconsistent with all
herbicide treatments. Soybean yields subsequent to early preplant herbicide
applications were greater than or equal to those in which applications were
made at planting when late-season weed control was adequate. Herbicides
applied preemergence did not control high densities of common lambsquarters in
1989.
315 NAL Call. No.: 100 AL1H
Tropical corn offers new options for conservation-tillage.
Kingery, R.C.; Reeves, D.W.; Mask, P.L.
Auburn University, Ala. : The Station; 1993.
Highlights of agricultural research - Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station
v. 40 (1): p. 12; 1993.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Zea mays; Conservation tillage; Rotations; Cultivars;
Trifolium pratense; Nitrogen; Crop yield; Cost benefit analysis
316 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
Twelve-year tillage and corp rotation effects on yields and soil chemical
properties in northeast-Iowa.
Karlen, D.L.; Berry, E.C.; Colvin, T.S.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 2 (19/20): p. 1985-2003;
1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Zea mays; Glycine max; Loam soils; Rotations; Continuous
cropping; Plowing; Chiselling; Ridging; No-tillage; Sustainability; Crop
yield; Grain; Soil ph; Soil organic matter; Phosphorus; Potassium; Calcium;
Magnesium; Carbon; Nitrogen; Nitrate nitrogen; Carbon-nitrogen ratio; Nutrient
availability; Soil depth; Use efficiency; Fertilizers; Application rates; Plant
analysis; Nutrient content; Fertilizer requirement determination;
Seasonal variation
317 NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84
Up with the midnight sun.
Corliss, J.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1992 Apr.
Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service v. 40 (4): p. 11; 1992 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alaska; Conservation tillage; Agricultural research; Teachers;
Work experience programs
318 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58
Uptake and accumulation of selenium by terrestrial plants growing on a coal fly
ash landfill. I. Corn.
Arthur, M.A.; Rubin, G.; Schneider, R.E.; Weinstein, L.H.
Elmsford, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 11 (4): p. 541-547; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Selenium; Fly ash; Coal; Uptake; Mineral content;
Leaves; Kernels; Stems; Roots; Cultivars; Landfills; No-tillage
319 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 OK41C
Use of herbicides in establishment and production of Old World bluestems.
Stritzke, J.F.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1991 Mar.
Circular E - Oklahoma State University, Cooperative Extension Service (901): p.
45-48; 1991 Mar. Paper presented at the "Old World Bluestem Conference," March
29, 1988, Cheyenne, Oklahoma. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Bothriochloa; Weed control; Herbicides; No-tillage
320 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
Vegetation changes following brush control in creosotebush communities.
Morton, H.L.; Melgoza, A.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Mar.
Journal of range management v. 44 (2): p. 133-139; 1991 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arizona; Mexico; Larrea tridentata; Brush control; Deserts;
Tebuthiuron; Manual weed control; Tillage; Grasses; Plant density; Botanical
composition; Shrubs; Canopy; Desert plants; Discing
Abstract: Changes in herbaceous plant density and canopy cover of
creosotebush (Larrea tridentata Sesse & Moc. ex DC) and associated shrubs
following brush control treatments were measured in Sonoran and Chihuahuan
Desert communities. Treatments were applied in 2 successive years st the Santa
Rita Experimental range, Arizona, and 3 locations in Chihuahua, Mexico. Across
all locations and years 1.5 kg/ha tebuthiuron
(N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-N,N'-dimethylurea) > 1.0 kg/ha
tebuthiuron= disking = disking with furrowing >2-way railing >0.5 kg/ha
tebuthiuron > land imprinting in reducing canopy cover of creosotebush and
associated shrubs. At the Santa Rita Experimental Range annual precipitation
was above long-term mean in 1982, 1983, 1984, and 1985; and grass density
increased on all treated and untreated plots. Annual precipitation was below
long-term mean during 1986 and 1987 and grass density decreased on both
treated and untreated plots but did not decrease to pre-treatment densities.
Forb densities were less than 3 plants/m2 throughout the study, except in 1987
when Russian thistle (Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau) increased on all plots. At
the Chihuahuan locations, grass densities usually increased during the first
year of the study, but very low precipitation throughout the study caused
subsequent reductions in grass and forb densities. In dry years brush control
treatments did not increase herbaceous plant density.
321 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Weed control for soybean (Glycine max) planted in a stale or undisturbed
seedbed on clay soil.
Heatherly, L.G.; Elmore, C.D.; Wesley, R.A.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (1): p.
119-124; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Glycine max; Weed control; Clay soils; Xanthium
strumarium; Chemical control; Metribuzin; Glyphosate; No-tillage; Tillage; Crop
yield; Seeds; Irrigated conditions; Dry conditions; Linuron; Chlorimuron; 2,4-
db
322 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
Weed control in conservation tillage cereals.
Smith, M.J.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1991.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (43rd): p. 109-112; 1991. Meeting
held January 21-23, 1991, Santa Barbara, California. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cereals; Weed control; Conservation tillage
323 NAL Call. No.: ViBlbVLD5655.V855 1992.V364
Weed control in no-till corn as affected by cultivation, herbicide banding, and
cover crop suppression.
VanLieshout, Lawrence Anthony,
1992; 1992.
xii, 142 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Vita. Abstract. Bibliography: leaves
133-141.
Language: English
Descriptors: Corn; No-tillage
324 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Weed control in oat (Avena sativa)-alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and effect on next
year corn (Zea mays) yield.
Moomaw, R.S.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Oct.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 6 (4): p.
871-877; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Cabt; Avena sativa; Medicago sativa; Zea mays;
Herbicide resistance; Rotations; No-tillage; Weed control; Herbicides; Crop
density; Crop yield; Drought
325 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA
Weed management in conservation tillage.
Hartzler, R.G.; Owen, M.D.K.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1993 Feb.
PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service v.): 4 p.; 1993 Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: Conservation tillage; No-tillage; Herbicides; Cultural weed
control
326 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62
Weed management in conventional and no-till burley tobacco.
Worsham, A.D.; Sasscer, C.; Lemons, R.; Whitley, S.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 Dec.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina State
University v.): p. 39-53; 1992 Dec. In th series analytic: 1993 Burley
Tobacco.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Nicotiana tabacum; Weed control; No-tillage;
Costs; Herbicides; Weeds; Rotations; Cultivation; Field tests; Crop yield
327 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Weed problems in wheat and their control in the Indian subcontinent.
Mustafee, T.P.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Jul.
Tropical pest management v. 37 (3): p. 245-251; 1991 Jul. Literature review.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Triticum aestivum; Weeds; Weed competition; Crop weed
competition; Manual weed control; Weeding; Cultural weed control; Minimum
tillage; Herbicides; Herbicide mixtures; Chemical control; Literature reviews
328 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Weed seedbank response to tillage, herbicides, and crop rotation sequence.
Ball, D.A.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992.
Weed science v. 40 (4): p. 654-659; 1992. Paper presented at the "Symposium on
crop/weed management and the dynamics of weed seedbanks," February 11, 1992,
Orlando, Florida. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Phaseolus vulgaris; Beta vulgaris; Weed biology; Weed
control; Chemical control; Herbicides; Seed banks; Plowing; No-tillage;
Conservation tillage; Population dynamics; Cropping systems; Models
Abstract: Changes in the weed seedbank due to crop production practices are an
important determinant of subsequent weed problems. Research was conducted to
evaluate effects of primary tillage (moldboard plowing and chisel plowing),
secondary tillage (row cultivation), and herbicides on weed species changes in
the soil seedbank in three irrigated row crop rotational sequences over a 3-yr
period. The cropping sequences consisted of continuous corn for 3 yr,
continuous pinto beans for 3 yr, or sugarbeets for 2 yr followed by corn in the
third year. Cropping sequence was the most dominant factor influencing species
composition in the seedbank. This was partly due to herbicide use in each
cropping sequence producing a shift in the weed seedbank in favor of species
less susceptible to applied herbicides. A comparison between moldboard and
chisel plowing indicated that weed seed of predominant species were more
prevalent near the soil surface after chisel plowing. The number of
predominant annual weed seed over the 3-yr period increased more rapidly in the
seedbank after chisel plowing compared to moldboard plowing unless
effective weed control could be maintained to produce a decline in seedbank
number. In this case, seedbank decline was generally more rapid after
moldboard plowing. Row cultivation generally reduced seedbanks of most species
compared to uncultivated plots in the pinto bean and sugarbeet sequences. A
simple model was developed to validate the observation that rate of change in
the weed seedbank is influenced by type of tillage and weed control
effectiveness.
329 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Weed-crop response to weed management systems in conservation tillage corn (Zea
mays).
Coffman, C.B.; Frank, J.R.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of America v. 5 (1): p.
76-81; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Zea mays; Weed control; Chemical control; Atrazine;
Setaria faberi; Amaranthus hybridus; Solanum carolinense; Cirsium arvense; Crop
weed competition; Perennial weeds; Competitive ability; Crop yield;
Grain; Conservation tillage; No-tillage
330 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883
Western corn rootworm damage: effect of tillage on plant response and grain
yield.
Riedell, W.E.; Gustin, R.D.; Beck, D.L.; Hanson, D.G.
Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1991 Sep.
Crop science v. 31 (5): p. 1293-1297; 1991 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Zea mays; Diabrotica virgifera; Population density;
Crop damage; Roots; Discing; Conservation tillage; Crop yield; Grain; Yield
increases; Larvae; Survival; Infestation
Abstract: Corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp.) are the most economically
destructive insect pests of corn (Zea mays L.) in the U.S. Midwest. The
objective of this 2-yr field study was to measure plant response and yield
under ridge tillage or spring disk tillage in fields artificially infested with
western corn rootworm (D. virgifera virgifera LeConte). Corn rootworm
infestations were applied at 0, 1650, 3300, or 6600 viable eggs m-1. We
measured insect survival to adult, root damage ratings, nodal root volume
(Nodes 4 and above) at maximum insect damage, and grain yield. In 1988, which
was characterized by above-normal temperature and below-normal precipitation,
root damage increased (6.7 rating at 1650 eggs m-1 to 7.9 at 6600 eggs m-1) and
insect survival to adult decreased (4.9% at 1650 eggs m-1 to 1.2% at 6600 eggs
m-1) with increasing infestation level under both tillage systems. During the
1988 season, plants grown under ridge tillage had larger nodal root
systems (17.9 mL) than under spring disk tillage (9.9 mL). Ridge-tilled plants
also had greater yield (5.5 vs. 4.1 Mg ha-1 with no rootworm eggs; 4.3 vs. 3.1
with 1650 eggs m-1; and 4.1 vs. 2.2 Mg ha-1 with 3300 eggs m-1). In 1989, which
had near normal temperature but below-normal precipitation during the growing
season, root damage increased (from a 1.1 to 5.9 rating as the
infestation level increased from 0 to 6600 eggs m-1) and insect survival to
adult decreased (from 1.3 to 0.7% as the infestation level increased from 1650
to 6600 eggs m-1) under both tillage systems. Tillage practice had no effect on
plant response to rootworm feeding or yield. However, the number of nodal root
axes per plant (22.4) and grain yield (8.8 Mg ha-1) were increased
significantly under both tillage systems infested with 6600 eggs m-1 of row
(29.0 axes per plant and 10.2 Mg ha-1). These results suggest that during a
hot, dry growing season, ridge tillage increased yield for uninfested and
rootworm-infested plants when compared with yield
331 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
What is the influence of weed control on minimum vineyard temperature?.
Donaldson, D.R.; Snyder, R.; Gallagher, S.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1991.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (43rd): p. 147-151; 1991. Meeting
held January 21-23, 1991, Santa Barbara, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vineyards; Weed control; No-tillage; Air temperature
332 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Wheat stubble management affects growth, survival, and yield of winter grain
legumes.
Huggins, D.R.; Pan, W.L.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 May.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (3): p. 823-829; 1991 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idaho; Triticum aestivum; Pisum sativum; Lens culinaris;
No-tillage; Phosphorus fertilizers; Potassium fertilizers; Stubble
cultivation; Growth; Survival; Winter hardiness; Crop yield
Abstract: The adoption of no-tillage systems in the Pacific Northwest will
benefit from the development of crop rotations that complement winter wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.). Experiments were conducted during 1986-1987 and
1988-1989 to determine the effects of wheat residue and fertility management on
the growth, winter survival, and yield of 'Glacier' Austrian winter pea (Pisum
sativum subsp. arvense L.) and winter lentil (Lens colinaris Medik.). No-
tillage (NT) and no-tillage with reduced stubble (NT-SR) enhanced soil moisture
conservation and increased the early growth of Austrian winter pea (AWP),
compared with conventional tillage (CT). Decreased shoot mass of winter lentil
(WL) in NT, and elongated stems and reduced branching of AWP and WL in NT, were
attributed to shading by stubble that reduced photosynthetically active
radiation and red/far-red ratios. Winter survival of AWP during
1986-1987 was reduced in NT (78%), compared with NT-SR (91%) and CT (96%), but
no differences occurred in 1988-1989. Less aboveground tissue necrosis of
surviving AWP occurred in NT than in NT-SR and CT for both years. Greater
average yields in NT (3568 kg ha-1) and NT-SR (3530 kg ha-1) than in CT (2700
kg ha-1) were correlated with greater fall growth and less winter injury.
Residue management did not influence the yield of WL. Applied P and K did not
have consistent effects on winter survival or yield. These results indicate
that winter grain legumes can be used to complement wheat production in the
design of no-tillage rotations.
333 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Wheat yield depression associated with conservation tillage caused by root
pathogens in the soil not phytotoxins from the straw.
Cook, R.J.; Haglund, W.A.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1991.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 23 (12): p. 1125-1132; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Triticum; Lens; Gaeumannomyces graminis; Rhizoctonia
solani; Pythium; Plant pathogenic fungi; Biological activity in soil; Soil
flora; Conservation tillage; No-tillage; Wheat straw; Straw mulches; Straw
burning; Cropping systems; Chloropicrin; Deep placement; Band placement; Soil
fumigation; Roots; Fungal diseases; Disease prevalence; Infections; Crop
yield; Fertilizer requirement determination; Yield targets; Decomposition;
Phytotoxins; Etiology
Abstract: Wheat planted directly into soil mulched with straw of a previous
wheat crop (mulch or conservation tillage) typically grows and yields poorly
relative to that planted into a prepared seedbed with straw residue burned or
buried (clean tillage). This injurious effect associated with straw mulches has
been greatest in the higher-rainfall wheat-growing areas, or in wet years in
normally dry areas. Researchers have focused for the past 30 yr on putative
phytotoxins thought to be liberated during microbial colonization or breakdown
of the straw on or near the soil surface when wet. The results of experiments
reported herein indicate that the causal microorganisms are in the soil and not
the straw as would be required if phytotoxic straw decomposition products were
important. The injury in these experiments resulted from at least three root
diseases, all favored by the lack of crop rotation. The three root
diseases were take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici,
Rhizoctonia root rot caused mainly by Rhizoctonia solani AG8, and Pythium root
rot caused by several Pythium spp. The effect of straw on, or mulched into, the
soil surface possibly amounts to no more than helping to keep the top 10-15 cm
of soil, the zone occupied by the root pathogens, more ideally moist for their
activity. The results suggest that conservation tillage is feasible for wheat
in the higher rainfall areas when used in combination with a break from wheat.
334 NAL Call. No.: 100 SO82 (3)
Wheel-traffic compaction in conservation tillage systems and soils of varying
depth.
Schumacher, T.; Lindstrom, M.
Brookings, S.D. : The Station; 1992 Oct.
TB - Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University (99): 6 p.;
1992 Oct. In the series analytic: Soil science research in the Plant Science
Department : 1991 Annual Report. Soil PR 91-18.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Soil compaction; Conservation tillage; Wheel
tracks; Crop yield; Row tillage
335 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 W52R
Winter annual brome control in winter wheat.
Thompson, C.R.; Dial, M.J.; Thill, D.C.
S.l. : The Society; 1992.
Research progress report - Western Society of Weed Science. p.
III/171-III/172; 1992. Meeting held on March 9-12, 1992, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idaho; Triticum; Bromus; Herbicides; No-tillage; Weed control
336 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Winter cover crop suppression practices and natural enemies of armyworm
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in no-till corn.
Laub, C.A.; Luna, J.M.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Feb.
Environmental entomology v. 21 (1): p. 41-49; 1992 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Zea mays; Mythimna unipuncta; Biological control;
Glyptapanteles militaris; Natural enemies; Parasites of insect pests;
Tachinidae; Cover crops; Secale cereale; Mowing; Paraquat; Insect control
Abstract: Rye, Secale cereale L., used as a winter cover crop was killed by
the herbicide paraquat or by mowing with a rotary mower. In subsequent no-till
corn, Glyptapanteles militaris (Walsh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and
Periscepsia laevigata (Wulp) (Diptera: Tachinidae) were the most abundant of
twelve species of parasitoids that emerged from field-collected larvae of the
armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth). No effects of cover crop
suppression practices were detected for parasitism rates for any individual
species or for total armyworm parasitism. Seasonal parasitism rates ranged from
32 to 45%. Higher numbers of Pterostichus spp. and Scarites spp.
(Coleoptera: Carabidae), and wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) occurred early
in the corn season in the mowed cover crop treatment compared with the
herbicide killed cover crop treatment. Subsequent reduction of larval
densities of armyworm in mowed plots following higher predator densities
suggests the role of these generalist predators in biological control of
armyworm.
337 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Yield loss assessment for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) infested with
Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense).
Donald, W.W.; Khan, M.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992.
Weed science v. 40 (4): p. 590-598; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Triticum aestivum; Crop weed competition; Cirsium
arvense; Crop yield; Yield losses; Assessment; Equations; No-tillage; Plowing;
Crop density; Economic analysis
Abstract: In eight of nine trials spanning 5 yr, relative yield of semidwarf
hard red spring wheat (yield expressed as a percent of estimated weed-free
yield) decreased linearly as Canada thistle shoot density increased when
measured in late July to early August in the northern Great Plains.
Differences between yield loss assessment (YLA) equations could not be
distinguished statistically between no-tillage and chisel-plowed production
systems. Multiple linear regression equations of relative wheat yield versus
wheat density plus Canada thistle shoot density accounted for more variability
in YLA equations than simple linear regression equations of wheat yield versus
Canada thistle shoot density alone. Estimated weed-free wheat yield and
negative slope (b) for yield loss assessment equations increased as cumulative
growing-season (April to August) rainfall increased. Thus, relative wheat yield
was decreased more by increasing Canada thistle density (slope b became more
negative) in years of greater growing-season rainfall.
338 NAL Call. No.: 464.9 C16S
Yield of soybean cultivars differing in susceptibility to Phytophthora
megasperma f. sp. glycinea on minimum tillage ridges.
Anderson, T.R.
Ottawa : Research Branch, Agriculture Canada; 1991.
Canadian plant disease survey v. 71 (2): p. 163-164; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Glycine max; Cultivars; Phytophthora megasperma; Plant
pathogenic fungi; Varietal susceptibility; Minimum tillage; Ridges; Seedling
emergence; Crop losses; Crop yield
Author Index
Abdul-Baki, A.A. 221
Abernathy, J.R. 231, 306
Aggarwal, R.K. 167
Albers, D.W. 56, 119
Alder, V. 152
Aldrich-Markham, S. 20, 49
Allan, R.E. 193
American Cyanamid Company 45
Amos, F.B. Jr 227
Andersen, R.N. 275
Anderson, G.W. 16, 169
Anderson, N.G. 146
Anderson, R.L. 122
Anderson, S.G. 143
Anderson, T.R. 338
Andow, D.A. 129
Andraski, T.W. 240
Angle, J.S. 280
Antisari, L.V. 157
Arthur, M.A. 318
Ayers, V.H. 56
Bacheler, J.S. 208
Bahler, C.C. 112
Bahr, J.R. 82
Bahri, Abdeljabar 120
Baker, J.L. 132, 227, 254
Ball, D.A. 328
Bank, P.A. 93
Banks, J.C. 195
Barratt, B.I.P. 29
Bateman, R.J. 32
Beck, D. 139, 214
Beck, D.E. 106, 151
Beck, D.L. 209, 330
Bell, A.R. 76
Bellinder, R.R. 140, 141
Benedict, J.H. 163
Benjamin, J.G. 276
Benoit, D.L. 23
Benoit, G.R. 230
Berg, R.D. 63, 246
Berg, R.K. 89, 90, 239
Bergen, P. 84
Berry, E.C. 316
Bertrand, P.F. 295
Beste, C.E. 263
Bicki, T.J. 307
Bierlein, D.L. 29
Blaylock, A.D. 269
Blevins, R.L. 257
Bligh, Kevin J. 220
Bockus, W.W. 101
Bollich, P.K. 42
Bonczkowski, L.C. 205
Bowes, G.G. 98
Bradley, J.F. 51, 229, 235, 287
Brandenburg, R.L. 88
Braun, D. 250
Broadway, R. 31, 58, 197
Brothers, B.A. 13
Bruce, R.R. 264
Bruening, T.H. 135
Bruff, S.A. 75, 301
Brust, G.E. 186
Brydon, J. 262
Buchanan, M. 273
Buhler, D.D. 74, 97, 110, 156, 241
Bullock, D.G. 91
Bundy, L.G. 240
Burd, J.D. 66
Burt, E.C. 114
Burton, R.L. 66
Byers, R.A. 29, 112, 143
Cambardella, C.A. 232
Campbell, G.S. 253
Campbell, W.V. 15
Caporali, F. 171
Carcoana, R. 237, 238
Cardina, J. 180
Carey, J.B. 314
Carlson, G.R. 89, 90, 239
Carter, D.L. 63, 246
Carter, L.M. 22
Carter, P.R. 215, 303
Cassel, D.K. 154
Chamblee, D.S. 15
Chandler, J.M. 71
Chandler, K. 23
Chaparro, C.J. 176
Chapin, J.W. 289
Chichester, F.W. 5, 292
Choi, C.H. 276
Ciavatta, C. 157
Cihacek, L.J. 237, 238
Claassen, M.M. 101
Clancy, J.A. 200
Claypool, D. 124
Claypool, D.A. 291
Clegg, M.D. 8
Coffman, C.B. 54, 329
Cogle, A.L. 32
Cole, C.V. 199
Collins, B.A. 28
Collis-George, N. 279
Colvin, T.S. 86, 87, 225, 226, 316
Colyer, P.D. 95
Conservation Technology Information Center 1
Cook, R.J. 158, 333
Corliss, J. 46, 317
Cornell University, Cooperative Extension, Cornell University, Audio-Visual
Resource Center 297
Cosgrove, D.R. 100
Cox, D.J. 138, 234
Cox, F.R. 183
Cox, W.J. 130
Crawford, S.H. 243, 244
Crenshaw, C. 57
Crozier, C.R. 53
Cruse, R.M. 68, 86, 87, 201, 202, 260, 269, 276
Cummins, C.G. 305
Curl, E.A. 59
Curran, W.S. 108
Dalal, R.C. 181, 228, 299
Daley, P.E. 100
Daniel, T.C. 236, 240
Dao, T.H. 133
Davis, J.D. 73
De Spain, R.R. 163
Deen, B. 27
DeFelice, M.S. 162
Defelice, M.S. 314
Denton, H.P. 154, 302
Denton, P. 131
Derksen, D.A. 23, 111
DeTar, W.R. 22
Dhuyvetter, K.C. 81
Dial, M.J. 335
Dickey, E.C. 14, 35, 115
Dillard, A.L. 116
Dobbs, T.L. 64
Dobbs, Thomas L. 104
Doerr, R. 209
Doll, J.D. 110
Donald, W.W. 99, 113, 121, 251, 337
Donaldson, D.R. 331
Douglas, C.L. Jr 160
Drost, D.T. 310
Duff, S. 27
Eadie, A.G. 16, 169
Eason, J.T. 179
Eck, H.V. 281
Eckert, D.J. 24, 70
Eddleman, B.R. 163
Edmisten, K.L. 208
Edwards, I. 123
Edwards, J.H. 4, 179, 304, 305
El Titi, A. 166
Elamin, M.A. 276
Eldridge, I.L. 159
Elliot, P.C. 164
Elliott, E.T. 232
Elmore, C.D. 321
Enache, A.J. 294
Enberg, A. 192
Epplin, F.M. 106, 151
Erbach, D.C. 271, 276
Evans, S.D. 286, 311
Evanylo, G.K. 207
Evert, D.R. 295
Falatah, A.M. 137
Falkenberg, Joan 297
Favretto, M.R. 171
Fermanich, K.J. 236
Fernandes, J.M. 103
Fernandez, M.R. 48, 103
Ford, J.H. 286, 311
Fowler, D.B. 28, 136, 155, 217, 218, 262, 274
Fox, G. 27
Fox, R.H. 184
Frank, J.R. 54, 329
Freeland, R.S. 235
Freeman, B.L. 256
Freese, R.C. 154
Frye, W.W. 198
Gaffney, F.B. 130
Gaffney, J. 299
Gage, S.H. 144
Gallagher, S. 331
Geremia, R. 111
Gerwing, J. 126
Ghate, S.R. 290
Ghuman, B.S. 65, 173, 174
Gillespie, M. 21
Gilley, J.E. 17
Glasby, J.M. 228
Glasstetter, M. 312
Glenn, S. 146
Glewen, K. 14
Goodman, W.R. 256
Gordon, W.B. 59, 204
Goynes, S.W. 163
Granatstein, D. 10
Graves, C.R. 51, 287
Graves, J.B. 43
Gray, M. 134
Grichar, W.J. 170
Grisso, R.D. 14
Gross, C.M. 280
Grove, J.H. 198
Guertal, E.A. 70
Guethle, D.R. 148
Guo, L. 307
Gupta, J.P. 167
Gustin, R.D. 330
Haglund, W.A. 333
Hagood, E.S. Jr 67
Hall, B. 126
Hall, J.K. 175
Halvorson, A.D. 219
Hanson, D.G. 330
Harker, K.N. 147
Harper, S.S. 187
Harrigan, T.M. 34
Harrison, K. 180
Harrison, M.P. 51, 287
Hart, W.E. 235
Hartwig, N.L. 7
Hartzler, R.G. 325
Havlin, J.L. 219
Heatherly, L.G. 321
Heer, W.F. 106
Heilman, M.D. 30
Heiner, D.H. 32
Helms, T.C. 189
Henderson, P.A. 228
Henn, T. 134
Herridge, D.F. 247, 248
Herrington, B.E. Jr 288
Hesterman, O.B. 13
Hickman, J.S. 205
Hickman, M.V. 30
Hicks, D.R. 286, 311
Higgins, J.M. 26
Hill, P.R. 233
Hill, R.L. 280
Hirschi, M.C. 196
Hoare, J. 298
Hodson, Eric 142
Hoffman, L.D. 112
Holland, J.F. 247, 248
Holmes, R.G. 282
Horny, P. 47
Horton, R. 270
Hovermale, C.H. 73
Hoverstad, T.R. 149, 275, 286, 311
Howard, D.D. 203, 283
Hoyt, G.D. 36
Huggins, D.R. 332
Hultgreen, G.E. 274
Hutchinson, R.L. 40, 43
Hutsch, B. 85
Hwu, K.K. 193
Ilnicki, R.D. 294
Jackson, G.D. 89, 90, 239
Jacobs, S.B. 143
Jacobsen, J.S. 293
Janke, R.R. 9
Jasa, P.J. 14, 35, 115
Johnston, A.M. 217, 218
Jones, C.S. Jr 176
Jones, O.R. 281
Joy, D.N. 76
Kahn, B.A. 272
Kanne, B.K. 275, 286, 311
Kanwar, R.S. 185, 227, 270
Karlen, D.L. 316
Kaspar, T.C. 68
Keeling, J.W. 231, 306
Keisling, Terry C. 245
Ker, Alan 11
Khan, M. 337
Kincer, D.R. 51
King, L.D. 53, 273
King, R.L. 34
Kingery, R.C. 315
Kitur, B.K. 309
Klingaman, T.E. 159
Koenig, L.G. 100
Kohler, K.A. 201, 202
Kottwitz, E.R. 17
Krenzer, E.G. Jr 106, 151
Kushnak, G.D. 89, 90, 213, 239
Lafond, G.P. 105, 111
Lake, J.E. 233
Lal, R. 65, 173, 174
Lamond, R.E. 205
Landeck, J.K. 34
Landis, D.A. 144
Landivar, J.A. 57, 163
Lanfranconi, L.E. 140, 141
Langdale, G.W. 33, 264
Larink, O. 92
Laub, C.A. 72, 165, 336
Lavergne, D.R. 78, 83
Lawlor, D.J. 57
Leath, K.T. 112
Lemons, R. 326
Lenter, M. 216
Leonard, B.R. 43
Leonards, W.J. Jr 42
Levine, E. 96
Liebig, Mark A. 50
Liebl, R.A. 108
Lindstrom, M. 334
Lipps, P.E. 296
Lizotte, D.A. 237, 238
Locke, M.A. 187, 284
Logan, T.J. 70
Lueschen, W.E. 149, 275, 286, 311
Luna, J.M. 72, 165, 336
Lund, M.G. 303
Lund, R.E. 239
Lyle, W.M. 224
MacLean, J.T. 39
Madden, L.V. 296
Maredia, K.M. 144
Martin, M.A. 82
Martin, R.A. 135
Marzadori, C. 157
Mask, P.L. 315
McChesney, D.S. 300
McGregor, K.C. 278
McIntosh, M.S. 280
McIsaac, G.F. 196
McKenna, J.R. 216
McNairn, H.E. 178
Meek, B.D. 22
Melgoza, A. 320
Mends, Clarence 104
Mengel, K. 85
Mester, T.C. 97
Michaels, T.E. 212
Midwest Plan Service 44
Miller, W.P. 264
Mills, W.C. 33, 116
Minton, N.A. 194
Mitchell, B. 178
Mitchell, J.K. 196
Mobley, J.B. 119
Mohanty, B.P. 270
Mohler, C.L. 188
Monks, C.D. 93
Moody, K. 164
Moomaw, R.S. 324
Morgan, M.T. 282
Morrison, J.E. Jr 5, 69, 71, 292
Morton, H.L. 320
Moseley, C.M. 67
Mosley-Roberts, L. 252
Moul, T.M. 172
Moyer, J.R. 84
Mueller, J.P. 15
Mukhtar, S. 276
Mulford, R. 250
Mumma, R.O. 175
Murphy, Timothy L. 266
Musselman, A. 86
Mustafee, T.P. 327
Mutchler, C.K. 278
Myers, J.L. 259
Naderman, G.C. 208
Nannipieri, P. 171
National Cartographic Center (U.S.) 37, 190, 210, 267
National Cartography and Geographic Information Systems Center (U.S.) 38, 191,
211, 268
Nazareno, N.R.X. de 296
Nelson, L.A. 8
Nelson, W.A. 272
Norris, B.E. 256
Norwood, C.A. 81
Nus, A. 18
O'Brien-Wray, K. 145
O'Sullivan, P.A. 147
Ogg, A.G. Jr 158
Oldham, M.G. 94
Oliver, L.R. 159
Olson, K.R. 309
Onnis, A. 171
Oplinger, E.S. 285, 303
Orf, J.H. 286, 311
Otis, D.J. 130
Owen, M.D.K. 325
Pan, W.L. 200, 332
Paoletti, M.G. 171
Papendick, R.I. 253
Parker, R.D. 163
Patterson, M.G. 256
Pavuk, D.M. 258
Paxton, K.W. 78, 83
Pedersen, W.L. 94
Peeples, J.L. 3
Pegarra, E. 224
Peterson, G.A. 199, 277
Pfender, W.F. 18
Phatak, S.C. 290
Philbrook, B.D. 285
Phillips, S.R. 309
Piekielek, W.P. 184
Pierce, F.J. 34
Plett, S. 8
Potts, W.E. 263
Prato, T. 99, 113, 251
Proost, R.T. 156
Pruyne, R. 25
Raimbault, B.A. 52, 62
Rajaram, G. 271
Randall, G.W. 311
Ranells, N.N. 206
Raney, R.J. 204
Rao, S.C. 133
Raper, R.L. 41, 114
Rasmussen, P.E. 160
Raun, W.R. 182
Rechel, E.R. 22
Reeder, R.C. 282
Reeves, D.W. 41, 114, 313, 315
Regnier, E. 180
Reinbott, D. 79
Reynolds, K.R. 130
Rhoton, F.E. 300
Rice, H.B. 261
Rice, M.E. 12
Richards, W. 265
Rickerl, D. 124, 126
Rickerl, D.H. 59
Riedell, W.E. 330
Riepe, J.R. 82
Ring, D.R. 163
Ritten, T.J. 100
Roberts, B.W. 272
Roeth, F.W. 109
Romero, G.R. 42
Roseberg, R.J. 308
Roy, R.C. 77
Rubin, G. 318
Ruf, M.E. 179, 304
Sanders, B.J. 246
Sandoval, D.M. 212
Santos, H.P. dos 48
Sarwar, G. 27
Sasscer, C. 326
Schaalje, G.B. 84
Schneider, R.E. 318
Schreiber, M.M. 82, 161
Schumacher, T. 126, 334
Schwarzer, M.J. 253
Scriber, J.M. 144
Segarra, E. 306
Sequi, P. 157
Servi-Tech, Inc 142
Sharratt, B.S. 253
Shaw, D.R. 75, 301
Shaw, J. 80
Shaw, J.E. 16, 55, 169
Shea, P.J. 109
Sheard, R.W. 152
Shearer, W. 65, 173
Shelton, D.P. 14, 35, 115
Shelton, D.R. 138
Sider, K.T. 231
Siemens, J.C. 309
Simmons, F.W. 108
Sims, B.D. 148, 162
Singh, P. 185
Smiley, R.W. 158
Smith, M.A. 215
Smith, M.J. 322
Smith, M.S. 198
Smith, O.D. 170
Smolik, J. 124, 125, 126, 223, 249
Smolik, J.D. 64
Snyder, D.P. 130
Snyder, R. 331
Snyder, W.M. 116
Sochtig, W. 92
Sollenberger, L.E. 176
Sorensen, D. 177
Sorensen, D.R. 291
Sorenson, B.A. 109
South Dakota State University, Economics Dept 104
Spurr, D.T. 6
St. Louis, D.G. 73
Staricka, J.A. 286
Steffey, K. 134
Steinstra, W.C. 286
Stinner, B.R. 107, 258
Stirzaker, R.J. 279
Stout, W.L. 112
Stratman, Gail G. 168
Stritzke, J.F. 319
Strong, W.M. 299
Stuart, C.A. 117, 288
Sullivan, M.J. 289
Sumner, D.R. 290
Sutton, B.G. 279
Sutton, J.C. 103
Swanton, C. 55, 80
Swanton, C.J. 16, 23, 77, 169, 212
Swift Current, Saskatchewan 48
Tanaka, D.L. 122
Tanji, K.K. 192
Taylor, M.J. 30
Teasdale, J.R. 221, 263
Thaut, R.E. 213
Thill, D.C. 335
Thom, W.O. 261
Thomas, A.W. 33, 116, 264
Thomas, J.S. 289
Thompson, C.R. 335
Thompson, M.L. 185
Thurlow, D.L. 304
Tillman, B.A. 200
Timmons, D.R. 68, 132, 227, 254, 260
Tindall, Timothy Todd, 242
Tinline, R.D. 6
Toler, J.E. 26
Tollenaar, M. 52
Tomei, P.E. 171
Tompkins, D.K. 136, 155, 274
Tompkins, F.D. 235
Tonhasca, A. Jr 107
Torbert, H.A. 41
Touchton, J.T. 59, 313
Traina, S.J. 70
Treacy, M.F. 163
Triplett, C.M. 224
Tyler, D.D. 283
Ullrich, S.E. 200
United States, Soil Conservation Service 60, 61, 128
United States. Soil Conservation Service 37, 38, 190, 191, 210, 211, 267, 268
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Agricultural Experiment Station 245
Uribe, E. 183
Van der Grinten, M. 130
Van Duyn, J.W. 88
Van Es, H.M. 130
Van Sickle, K.A. 230
VanLieshout, Lawrence Anthony, 323
Varco, J.J. 198
Vasek, J. 57
Vaughan, M. 255
Vernon, P.R. 95
Vyn, T.J. 52, 62
Wagger, M.G. 206, 259
Walker, D.M. 42
Walker, M. 55, 80
Wallace, R.W. 140, 141
Walsh, J.D. 162
Walz, A.W. 76
Warnes, D.D. 286
Warren, D.M. 271
Warriner, G.K. 172
Watts, D.W. 175
Weersink, A. 27, 55, 77, 80
Weinstein, L.H. 318
Weinzierl, R. 134
Wells, K.L. 261
Wesley, R.A. 321
West, D.R. 51
West, L.T. 264
Westerman, R.L. 293
Westfall, D.G. 199, 277
Weston, E.J. 299
Whitley, S. 326
Whitney, D.A. 204, 205
Whitwell, T. 26
Wiersma, J.V. 153
Wilcox-Lee, D. 310
Wilde, G.E. 12
Willis, W.O. 199
Wilson, B.J. 102
Windels, C.E. 153
Windham, T.E. 117, 288
Winther, D. 291
Witt, W.W. 150
Wolf, D.D. 216
Wood, C.W. 4, 179, 199, 277, 304, 305, 313
Wood, R.K. 282
Woodard, H. 124, 126
Woodard, H.J. 291
Worsham, A.D. 326
Wrage, L. 126
Wright, A.T. 136, 155, 274
Wright, K.J. 102
Wu, L. 192
Wyss, E. 312
Yenish, J.P. 110
Yiridoe, E.K. 77
York, A.C. 208
Yusuf, R.I. 91
Zarnstorff, M.E. 15
Zebarth, B.J. 152
Zeiss, M.R. 88
Zentner, R.P. 98, 111
Zhang, W. 18
Subject Index
2,4-d 84, 99, 113, 121, 146
2,4-db 321
Abutilon theophrasti 74, 149, 156, 275
Acid soils 65
Acidification 293, 298
Acreage 81
Adaptation 193
Adsorption 182
Adult education 135
Adventitious roots 113, 121
Aerial sowing 73
Aeschynomene Americana 176
Aggregates 62, 309
Agitation 284
Agricultural education 135
Agricultural production 27
Agricultural research 213, 215, 317
Agricultural systems 104
Agroclimatology 10
Agroforestry 167, 174
Agronomic characteristics 193, 208
Agronomy 155
Agropastoral systems 299
Agropyron cristatum 199
Agrotis ipsilon 107
Air temperature 331
Alabama 4, 21, 41, 59, 179, 256, 304, 305, 313, 315
Alachlor 54, 148, 241, 284
Alaska 253, 317
Aldicarb 95
Alfalfa 104
Allelopathy 161
Alley cropping 65, 174
Allophane 182
Alopecurus myosuroides 20
Alpha-amylase 200
Alternative agriculture 104
Alternative farming 27, 80, 82, 127, 223, 249, 294, 298
Amaranthus 180
Amaranthus hybridus 54, 148, 329
Amaranthus palmeri 231
Amaranthus retroflexus 76, 141, 149, 241
Ammonia 184
Ammonium 198
Ammonium nitrate 91, 105, 160, 217, 254, 262, 280
Ammonium nitrogen 198
Ammonium phosphates 105, 182
Ammonium polyphosphates 160
Ammonium sulfate 160
Ammonium thiosulfate 160, 205
Anhydrous ammonia 240
Annual habit 241
Annuals 110, 314
Aphidoidea 144
Aphyllophorales 18
Apocynum cannabinum 146
Aporrectodea 92
Aporrectodea caliginosa 92
Application date 52, 54, 75, 84, 91, 99, 109, 148, 149, 156, 158, 184, 204,
215, 216, 217, 251, 254, 261, 262, 293, 313, 314
Application methods 71, 74, 108, 109, 132, 184, 204, 291
Application rates 16, 26, 36, 54, 67, 89, 90, 91, 93, 105, 109, 113, 132, 133,
140, 146, 147, 156, 160, 162, 171, 175, 181, 183, 184, 200, 204, 205, 207, 216,
217, 219, 239, 240, 254, 259, 261, 262, 269, 280, 293, 313, 316
Arachis hypogaea 32, 170
Araneae 12
Arid regions 209
Arion fasciatus 29
Arizona 320
Arkansas 117, 159, 288
Ash 93
Asparagus officinalis 310
Aspect 253
Assessment 116, 337
Assimilation 133
Atrazine 16, 54, 74, 175, 216, 241, 275, 329
Atriplex patula 192
Attitudes 178
Autumn 289
Availability 144
Avena nuda 48
Avena sativa 48, 112, 275, 324
Baking quality 138
Band placement 16, 182, 205, 217, 219, 240, 260, 262, 283, 333
Barley 200
Basidiomycotina 18
Bassia hyssopifolia 192
Beef cattle 73
Beta vulgaris 157, 328
Bibliographies 39
Biodegradation 296
Biological activity in soil 4, 65, 92, 312, 333
Biological control 336
Biological control agents 18, 107, 144, 186
Biomass 92, 228, 273, 312
Biomass production 16, 162, 169, 192, 199, 249, 294
Blade plowing 101
Blight 94, 170
Botanical composition 176, 320
Bothriochloa 319
Bothriochloa caucasica 216
Bouteloua curtipendula 199
Bouteloua gracilis 199
Brassica 10
Brassica campestris 28
Brassica napus 28, 84, 91
Brassica oleracea 294
Breadmaking 138
British Columbia 152
Broadcasting 16, 28, 205, 217, 219, 260, 262, 269, 283, 293
Bromide 307
Bromoxynil 99, 113, 121
Bromus 49, 335
Bromus inermis 98
Bromus tectorum 122
Brush control 320
Buchloe dactyloides 199
Buds 113, 121
Bulk density 22, 304, 308, 309
Bulldozers 174
Buried seeds 97, 180
Butylate 54
Cabt 41, 81, 93, 140, 141, 146, 147, 162, 184, 204, 221, 287, 303, 324
Cajanus cajan 247
Calcareous soils 137
Calcium 24, 171, 182, 316
Calcium ions 174
Calcium sulfate 182
California 22, 192
Canada 99, 147
Canopy 155, 320
Captan 286
Carabidae 186
Carbofuran 216
Carbohydrates 310
Carbon 4, 24, 187, 273, 277, 305, 316
Carbon cycle 232
Carbon dioxide 187
Carbon-nitrogen ratio 316
Cash crops 80
Cassia obtusifolia 75, 301
Catch cropping 312
Cation exchange capacity 137
Cations 137
Cercospora zeae-maydis 296
Cereals 169, 322
Characterization 185
Chemical control 7, 15, 26, 54, 67, 74, 75, 84, 95, 108, 113, 121, 140, 141,
146, 148, 149, 156, 161, 164, 231, 241, 251, 290, 301, 314, 321, 327, 328, 329
Chemical precipitation 182
Chemical speciation 137
Chemical treatment 198
Chemicals 307
Chenopodium album 110, 141, 149, 156, 180, 241, 263, 314
Chiselling 22, 55, 74, 80, 82, 97, 101, 137, 153, 154, 240, 241, 286, 309,
311, 316
Chlorimuron 67, 75, 301, 314, 321
Chloropicrin 333
Chlorsulfuron 99, 113, 121, 251
Chrysopa 12, 129
Cirsium arvense 99, 113, 121, 329, 337
Clay loam soils 55, 175, 180, 293, 298
Clay soils 55, 69, 321
Climatic factors 116, 198, 296
Clomazone 108
Cloproxydim 147
Clopyralid 113
Coal 318
Coastal plain soils 59, 182, 313
Coastal plains 207
Coccinella septempunctata 12, 144
Cochliobolus sativus 6, 48, 103, 153
Coleomegilla maculata 12
Coleoptera 186
Colorado 199, 219, 277
Communication 172
Companion planting 242
Comparisons 55, 64, 106, 137, 171, 215, 219, 235, 240, 271
Competitive ability 329
Conidia 296
Conservation 112
Conservation tillage 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 12, 14, 17, 18, 21, 25, 26, 27, 31,
32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48, 54, 55, 59, 61, 63,
68, 69, 71, 74, 75, 80, 82, 84, 86, 87, 92, 94, 95, 97, 103, 110, 114, 115,
116, 118, 125, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 143, 145, 154,
156, 163, 167, 172, 177, 178, 179, 181, 189, 193, 195, 201, 202, 204, 205, 222,
224, 225, 226, 227, 229, 231, 233, 241, 243, 245, 256, 260, 264, 265, 269, 271,
272, 278, 281, 285, 290, 292, 293, 297, 300, 301, 304, 306, 312, 313, 315, 317,
322, 325, 328, 329, 330, 333, 334
Continuous cropping 4, 54, 62, 82, 90, 94, 101, 132, 264, 275, 281, 293, 303,
304, 306, 316
Conyza canadensis 241
Cooperative extension service 14, 35
Copper 137
Core samplers 300
Core sampling 300
Corn 323
Correlation 94
Corticium rolfsii 170
Cost analysis 55, 288
Cost benefit analysis 82, 83, 111, 113, 118, 127, 164, 249, 251, 256, 315
Costs 326
Coulters 52
Cover crops 36, 52, 58, 77, 165, 169, 197, 207, 208, 221, 259, 263, 272, 294,
304, 313, 336
Coverage 116
Crop damage 59, 84, 93, 108, 143, 146, 158, 330
Crop density 13, 95, 100, 105, 130, 286, 290, 303, 311, 324, 337
Crop establishment 15, 28, 95, 98, 105, 112, 169, 199, 259
Crop growth stage 207, 217
Crop losses 338
Crop management 8, 33, 123, 205
Crop plants as weeds 7
Crop production 65, 78, 83, 167, 212, 214, 235, 286, 288
Crop quality 138, 200, 262
Crop residue management 60, 61, 128
Crop residues 4, 17, 18, 48, 49, 52, 59, 60, 86, 101, 103, 116, 140, 145, 169,
187, 198, 199, 204, 205, 228, 255, 264, 292, 296, 303, 311
Crop rotation 242
Crop weed competition 54, 147, 241, 306, 327, 329, 337
Crop yield 5, 16, 28, 30, 32, 51, 52, 54, 57, 62, 64, 65, 68, 73, 75, 77, 80,
81, 82, 84, 86, 90, 91, 94, 95, 98, 100, 105, 106, 109, 118, 123, 125, 126,
127, 130, 132, 133, 138, 140, 141, 146, 151, 152, 154, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161,
164, 169, 170, 171, 182, 183, 184, 197, 200, 204, 205, 207, 212, 216, 217, 219,
221, 225, 239, 240, 241, 246, 248, 249, 250, 259, 261, 262, 264, 269, 276, 280,
281, 285, 286, 287, 290, 291, 294, 303, 306, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315, 316, 321,
324, 326, 329, 330, 332, 333, 334, 337, 338
Cropping systems 9, 32, 65, 161, 163, 174, 246, 297, 328, 333
Crops 27
Crude protein 133
Cucumis sativus 290
Cucurbita pepo 294
Cultivars 16, 42, 51, 91, 136, 153, 167, 169, 170, 194, 200, 286, 287, 303,
315, 318, 338
Cultivation 85, 102, 272, 279, 298, 326
Cultural control 18, 20, 66, 96, 141
Cultural weed control 97, 188, 263, 325, 327
Cutting 198
Cyanazine 54, 175, 241
Dactylis glomerata 7, 143
Deamination 187
Decision making 172
Decomposition 187, 228, 246, 333
Deep placement 213, 333
Deep tillage 290
Deficiency payments 81
Demonstration farms 87, 225, 226
Depth 97, 180
Deroceras laeve 29
Deroceras reticulatum 29
Desert plants 320
Deserts 320
Desorption 284
Determination 157
Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi 186
Diabrotica virgifera 107, 330
Dicalcium phosphate 182
Dicamba 84, 99, 121, 146
Diffusion of information 172, 233
Digitaria sanguinalis 67, 148, 263
Direct sowing 34, 158, 298
Disc harrows 88
Discing 101, 137, 154, 176, 196, 289, 311, 320, 330
Disease prevalence 6, 158, 170, 290, 333
Disease resistance 95
Dispersion 232
Dissolving 182
Distribution 137
Diurnal activity 72
Diuron 231
Diversity 180, 193
Double cropping 67, 73, 148, 247, 264
Drilling 290
Drills 34
Drought 324
Dry beans 47
Dry conditions 321
Dry farming 10, 170, 199, 264, 298, 306
Dry matter 53, 291
Dry matter accumulation 52, 206, 217, 259, 261, 313
Dry matter distribution 53
Dry season 65, 182
Duplex soils 123
Earliness 221
Earthworms 65, 92, 312
Ecology 144
Economic analysis 78, 79, 81, 98, 106, 215, 337
Economic evaluation 64, 151
Economic impact 27
Economics 30
Educational programs 14, 35, 115, 233
Effects 33, 254
Efficacy 141
Efficiency 147
Elaeis guineensis 65
Eleusine indica 263
Elymus repens 147
Elymus smithii 199
Emergence 59
Energy conservation 35, 86, 87, 225, 226, 227
Energy consumption 114
Environmental factors 176
Environmental protection 27, 178
Epidemiology 101
Eptc 54
Equations 337
Equipment 195
Eragrostis cilianensis 263
Eroded soils 264
Erosion 3, 17, 19, 25, 27, 33, 35, 46, 63, 65, 86, 115, 116, 196, 302
Erosion control 21, 25, 35, 178, 233, 302
Estimation 117
Ethics 178
Etiology 333
Etridiazole 95
Europe 166
Exchangeable cations 174, 183
Experimental design 159
Experimental equipment 213
Experimental plots 213
Externalities 27
Extraction 70
Fallow 59, 81, 103, 116, 122, 160, 199, 232, 244, 264, 275, 281
Fallow systems 111
Farm budgeting 117, 288
Farm comparisons 80
Farm income 64, 80, 82
Farm inputs 8, 55, 82, 233, 306
Farm machinery 36, 55, 69, 92
Farm management 166, 172, 252
Farm results 82
Farm size 55, 80, 82
Farm surveys 172
Farm tests 189
Farmers 178
Farming systems 64, 209
Farming systems research 125, 127, 166, 223, 249
Feasibility studies 130
Federal programs 81
Feeding behavior 72
Fenamiphos 295
Fertilizer distributors 5, 213
Fertilizer requirement determination 205, 207, 237, 239, 264, 283, 313, 316,
333
Fertilizer technology 131
Fertilizers 64, 171, 201, 249, 316
Festuca arundinacea 15
Field crops 8, 64, 126, 134, 209
Field tests 48, 70, 118, 326
Fixation 182
Fixed ammonium 157
Fixed costs 8, 306
Flood irrigation 22, 117, 288
Florida 176
Flow 185
Fluazifop 147
Flutolanil 290
Fly ash 318
Fodder crops 31, 134, 162, 216
Foliar application 152
Food preferences 143
Food production 271
Forage 176
Fractionation 232
Fruits 221
Fuel consumption 35
Fuelwood 167
Fungal diseases 48, 59, 101, 333
Fungicides 256
Fungus control 123, 136
Furrow irrigation 63, 204, 246, 306
Furrows 22, 63, 283
Fusarium 153
Fusarium culmorum 6, 153
Gaeumannomyces graminis 123, 333
Galinsoga ciliata 140, 141
Galium aparine 102
Gels 290
Genetic variation 153, 193
Genotype environment interaction 138
Genotypes 138, 170, 200
Geological sedimentation 3
Geometry 308
Georgia 93, 116, 194, 264, 290, 295
German federal republic 166
Germany 92
Gibberella acuminata 153
Gibberella avenacea 153
Gibberella zeae 48, 103, 153
Glacial till soils 270
Glufosinate 26
Glycine max 4, 23, 24, 55, 67, 73, 75, 77, 80, 82, 88, 93, 108, 109, 116, 117,
148, 149, 156, 159, 162, 177, 187, 189, 194, 196, 237, 238, 247, 285, 286, 287,
288, 291, 294, 301, 303, 304, 305, 307, 309, 311, 314, 316, 321, 338
Glyphosate 26, 54, 67, 75, 84, 98, 99, 158, 198, 251, 275, 301, 314, 321
Glyptapanteles militaris 336
Gossypium 21, 43, 59, 78, 114, 197, 224, 229, 243, 244
Gossypium hirsutum 56, 57, 83, 93, 95, 118, 119, 208, 231, 235, 256, 306
Grain 5, 54, 62, 89, 133, 146, 160, 164, 182, 183, 200, 204, 205, 217, 218,
219, 240, 259, 260, 262, 264, 281, 313, 316, 329, 330
Grain crops 8, 10, 64, 65
Grass sward 198
Grasses 320
Grassland improvement 176
Grassland soils 232
Grasslands 31, 199, 277
Grazing 73
Grazing effects 176
Green manures 223
Greenhouse culture 48
Growth 57, 254, 279, 295, 310, 332
Growth analysis 112, 158
Growth rate 62, 216
Growth stages 206
Gryllidae 143
Guatemala 182
Habitat selection 144
Habitats 143, 144
Haloxyfop 147
Hapludults 304, 305
Harrowing 137, 164, 290
Harvesting 233
Helianthus annuus 247
Hemarthria altissima 176
Herbage 216
Herbicidal properties 99
Herbicide mixtures 16, 54, 67, 113, 146, 148, 149, 156, 231, 241, 301, 314,
327
Herbicide residues 84, 109, 162, 187
Herbicide resistance 2, 324
Herbicides 2, 13, 20, 23, 45, 49, 55, 64, 76, 82, 102, 118, 125, 159, 161,
162, 177, 189, 215, 226, 244, 249, 256, 272, 294, 298, 306, 319, 324, 325, 326,
327, 328, 335
Hilling 141
Hippodamia convergens 12
Hoeing 164
Hordeum vulgare 48, 62, 84, 89, 90, 153, 158, 160, 200, 228, 239, 246
Humid tropics 65, 183
Hybridization 250
Hybrids 94
Hydraulic equipment 300
Hydraulics 17
Idaho 246, 332, 335
Illinois 91, 94, 96, 108, 134, 196, 307, 309
Imagery 185, 292
Imazaquin 75, 93, 108, 301, 314
Imazethapyr 93, 108, 149, 156
Incidence 48, 95, 103, 158, 290
Incorporation 219, 296
Indexes 95
India 167, 271, 327
Indiana 82, 161
Indigenous knowledge 271
Infections 296, 333
Infestation 59, 330
Infiltration 22, 65, 154, 307
Innovation adoption 172, 233
Inoculum density 6, 48, 59
Insect control 15, 66, 88, 96, 118, 144, 165, 289, 336
Insect pests 15, 43, 112, 134, 163
Insecticides 134, 256
Integrated pest management 16, 82
Integrated systems 166
Intensive cropping 199, 277
Interactions 136, 286
Intercropping 62, 107, 169, 198
Internodes 153
Interrill erosion 264
Interrow cultivation 16
Iowa 68, 86, 87, 132, 145, 185, 201, 202, 225, 226, 227, 252, 254, 255, 269,
270, 276, 316
Ipomoea lacunosa 75, 301
Iron 137
Irrigated conditions 279, 321
Irrigation 139, 192, 224, 264
Isotope labeling 152, 187
Italy 157
Kansas 18, 81, 101, 204, 205
Kentucky 198, 257
Kernels 170, 318
Kinship 172
Kochia scoparia 76, 251
Labor costs 55
Labor requirements 55
Land clearance 65, 174
Land forming 69
Land productivity 65
Land use 298
Landfills 318
Larrea tridentata 320
Larvae 330
Lasius 186
Leaching 175, 207, 236, 246, 280, 281
Leaf sheaths 296
Leaves 5, 101, 184, 205, 207, 240, 296, 318
Legislation 31, 145
Legumes 152, 273
Leguminosae 299
Lens 333
Lens culinaris 84, 332
Leptosphaeria nodorum 103
Lesions 296
Ley farming 299
Linear programming 82
Lint 306
Linum usitatissimum 28, 105, 111
Linuron 67, 140, 141, 148, 321
Liquid fertilizer distributors 68
Liquid fertilizers 217
Literature reviews 27, 327
Live mulches 294
Livestock farming 249
Livestock feeding 177
Loam soils 117, 288, 306, 316
Lodging 91, 94
Lolium multiflorum 49
Long term experiments 62, 181, 305
Losses 175
Losses from soil 278
Losses from soil systems 33, 116, 236, 264, 281
Louisiana 42, 43, 78, 83, 95, 118, 244
Low input agriculture 221
Lumbricidae 92
Lycopersicon esculentum 221, 279, 294
Lysimetry 236
Macropores 185, 308
Magnesium 24, 174, 316
Maize 80
Maize ears 240
Maize silage 259
Malt 200
Malting quality 200
Manganese 137
Manihot esculenta 65
Manual weed control 164, 188, 320, 327
Manures 280
Maryland 54, 146, 221, 250, 263, 280, 329
Mathematical models 82, 188, 253
Maturation 286
Maturity 221
Mayetiola destructor 88, 289
Mcpa 99, 113, 121
Measurement 185
Medicago sativa 7, 13, 29, 62, 84, 98, 100, 112, 143, 144, 152, 198, 246, 275,
308, 324
Mediterranean climate 192, 298
Melilotus indica 192
Meloidogyne incognita 194
Mesostigmata 186
Metalaxyl 286, 290
Methazole 231
Methodology 185
Metolachlor 16, 74, 140, 141, 156, 175, 241, 314
Metribuzin 75, 109, 140, 141, 148, 149, 187, 301, 310, 314, 321
Metsulfuron 251
Mexico 320
Michigan 34, 144
Microbial activities 273
Microbial degradation 187
Microclimate 155
Middle atlantic states of U.S.A. 207
Mineral content 318
Mineral nutrition 295
Mineralization 4, 85, 198, 246
Minimum tillage 12, 23, 39, 49, 57, 62, 64, 78, 79, 81, 83, 108, 111, 122,
123, 124, 126, 127, 140, 141, 153, 157, 166, 169, 180, 182, 194, 212, 223, 237,
238, 244, 249, 255, 294, 298, 327, 338
Minnesota 129, 149, 230, 286, 311
Mississippi 19, 31, 73, 75, 148, 197, 278, 301, 321
Missouri 56, 79, 119, 162, 314
Models 328
Moldboards 240, 286, 303, 311
Mollisols 158
Mollugo verticillata 263
Monoammonium phosphate 160, 239
Monoculture 54, 116
Montana 89, 90, 122, 239
Mountain states of U.S.A. 10
Movement in soil 17, 236, 307
Mowing 290, 336
Mulches 59, 171, 221, 279, 292, 294
Multiple land use 299
Musa 65
Mythimna unipuncta 72, 107, 165, 336
Nabis 12
Napropamide 310
Natural enemies 336
Natural selection 193
Nebraska 2, 8, 14, 35, 66, 109, 115, 324
Nematode control 194, 295
New Jersey 294
New South Wales 247, 248, 279
New York 130, 140, 141, 310
Nicotiana tabacum 36, 326
Nigeria 65, 173, 174
Nitrapyrin 240
Nitrate 198
Nitrate nitrogen 133, 198, 246, 277, 280, 281, 316
Nitrogen 4, 5, 36, 53, 58, 85, 89, 90, 133, 152, 155, 157, 160, 171, 181, 182,
184, 196, 198, 201, 205, 206, 207, 222, 223, 246, 254, 260, 261, 269, 277, 281,
283, 305, 313, 315, 316
Nitrogen balance 199
Nitrogen content 53, 91, 174, 184, 204, 206, 217, 240, 259, 260, 261, 299
Nitrogen fertilizers 24, 68, 89, 90, 132, 133, 136, 197, 200, 202, 204, 218,
227, 259, 313
Nitrogen fixation 58, 247, 248, 299
Nitrogen metabolism 133
No-tillage 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19, 20, 24, 28, 29, 39, 47, 51, 52, 53,
55, 58, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 85, 88, 89, 90,
93, 94, 100, 101, 102, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 116, 117,
122, 130, 132, 133, 136, 137, 138, 144, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154,
155, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 164, 165, 170, 171, 174, 175, 176, 180, 181,
183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 192, 193, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 205, 206, 207,
208, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 226, 228, 232, 234,
235, 236, 239, 240, 241, 246, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252, 255, 257, 258, 259, 261,
262, 263, 264, 270, 273, 274, 275, 277, 279, 280, 281, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287,
288, 289, 293, 294, 295, 296, 299, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310,
311, 314, 316, 318, 319, 321, 323, 324, 325, 326, 328, 329, 331, 332, 333, 335,
337
Nodulation 247
North America 27
North Carolina 15, 36, 53, 88, 154, 186, 206, 208, 259, 273, 326
North Dakota 138, 189, 234, 237, 238, 251, 337
Northern plains states of U.S.A. 64
Nutrient availability 4, 137, 171, 182, 183, 198, 246, 281, 304, 316
Nutrient content 5, 8, 89, 90, 124, 152, 181, 205, 207, 316
Nutrient deficiencies 160, 182
Nutrient solutions 217
Nutrient sources 261
Nutrient uptake 5, 53, 89, 133, 184, 198, 217, 219, 254, 259, 260, 269, 313
Nutrients 222, 223
Ohio 24, 70, 107, 180, 282, 296
Oils 146
Oklahoma 106, 133, 151, 272, 293
Oligochaeta 312
Ontario 16, 23, 52, 55, 62, 77, 80, 169, 172, 178, 212, 338
Oregon 10, 20, 49, 158, 160
Organic amendments 206
Organic farming 27, 64, 166
Oryza sativa 42, 164, 183
Ostrinia nubilalis 107, 129
Ova 129
Overland flow 17
Oversowing 176
Overwintering 91, 296
Paleudults 59
Panicum dichotomiflorum 54, 180
Panicum miliaceum 199
Panicum virgatum 216
Papaipema nebris 96, 258
Parana 48
Paraquat 15, 26, 52, 54, 67, 75, 198, 301, 336
Parasites of insect pests 129, 336
Paratrichodorus minor 194
Paspalum notatum 295
Pasture plants 215
Pastures 174, 299
Pathogenicity 153
Pendimethalin 164, 231
Pennsylvania 25, 29, 112, 143, 175, 184
Perennial weeds 113, 121, 329
Perennials 215
Performance 69, 286
Performance testing 234
Permeability 308
Persistence 93, 108, 162, 236
Pest control 15, 27, 43, 112
Pest management 134, 150, 163, 208
Pest resistance 134, 194
Pesticides 71, 236
Pests 297
Ph 222
Pharbitis hederacea 148
Phaseolus vulgaris 77, 212, 294, 328
Philippines 164
Phosphorus 5, 24, 70, 160, 171, 174, 182, 196, 219, 222, 223, 237, 273, 283,
291, 316
Phosphorus fertilizers 133, 238, 332
Phosphorus pentoxide 283
Phytophthora 286
Phytophthora megasperma 338
Phytotoxicity 84, 108, 146, 216
Phytotoxins 333
Pisum sativum 84, 111, 332
Pithomyces chartarum 18
Placement 5, 89, 90, 133, 218, 239, 269
Plan implementation and evaluation 14
Planning 116
Plant analysis 205, 206, 316
Plant competition 198
Plant composition 53, 133, 184, 204
Plant density 102, 148, 169, 241, 320
Plant development 28
Plant disease control 95, 101, 167, 286
Plant diseases 95, 125
Plant height 105, 286, 303
Plant morphology 193
Plant nutrition 152
Plant parasitic nematodes 295
Plant pathogenic fungi 18, 48, 333, 338
Plant pests 29
Plant proteins 200
Plant residues 152, 206, 230, 263
Planters 52, 213
Planting 295
Planting date 91, 116, 151, 158, 177, 221, 251, 285, 311
Plowing 20, 52, 55, 97, 100, 101, 108, 110, 130, 137, 154, 161, 164, 180, 188,
240, 260, 263, 286, 289, 303, 309, 311, 316, 328, 337
Plows 276
Population change 122
Population density 12, 59, 92, 97, 161, 180, 263, 312, 330
Population distribution 312
Population dynamics 110, 158, 161, 165, 241, 258, 328
Populations 103, 193, 312
Populus 144
Pore size 185, 309
Porosity 308
Postharvest treatment 198
Potassium 24, 171, 174, 183, 222, 223, 283, 316
Potassium fertilizers 183, 283, 332
Potatoes 242
Prairie soils 19
Prairies 19, 209
Pratylenchus brachyurus 194
Precipitation 64, 306
Predation 129
Predators of insect pests 12, 107, 186
Preplanting treatment 52, 74, 156, 244, 314
Prescribed burning 181
Prey 144
Probability 33, 116
Probability analysis 116
Production costs 58, 64, 77, 80, 81, 117, 151, 246, 256, 288, 300
Productivity 299
Profiles 293
Profitability 27, 251, 306
Profits 8, 64
Program development 14, 135
Program effectiveness 14
Program evaluation 35, 135
Prometryn 231
Protein content 89, 138, 218, 262
Prunus persica 295
Pyrenophora avenae 48
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis 18, 101
Pythium 290, 333
Quantitative analysis 153, 308
Queensland 32, 181, 228, 299
Quintozene 95
Quizalofop 147
Radiation balance 253
Radioactive tracers 132, 260
Rain 33, 65, 125, 184, 196, 233, 249
Rainfall simulators 307
Rainy season 182
Raised beds 69
Random sampling 283
Ranking 80, 306
Rapeseed oil 91
Reclamation 265
Recovery 254, 260
Regression analysis 17
Regrowth 198
Regulations 166
Release 206
Reproductive performance 259
Research 63
Residual effects 84, 108, 156, 183, 260
Resistance to penetration 22, 309
Resource materials 10
Resowing 259
Responses 160, 239, 254, 286
Retention 181
Returns 8, 64, 77, 81, 113, 246, 251, 306
Rhizoctonia 158
Rhizoctonia solani 59, 290, 333
Ridge-till 142, 267, 268
Ridges 338
Ridging 55, 56, 64, 79, 80, 119, 169, 196, 204, 240, 241, 253, 260, 269, 278,
286, 311, 316
Rill erosion 264
Rio grande do sul 48, 103
Risk 33, 80, 106, 116
Root crops 65
Root rots 6, 158, 286
Root systems 121
Root treatment 295
Roots 53, 57, 310, 318, 330, 333
Rotary cultivation 98, 188
Rotation 23
Rotations 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 48, 59, 62, 64, 77, 81, 82, 84, 93, 101, 108, 109,
111, 117, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 134, 139, 160, 161, 162, 178, 183, 194, 214,
215, 246, 248, 249, 273, 275, 286, 298, 299, 303, 304, 305, 306, 311, 315, 316,
324, 326
Row spacing 105, 136, 155, 177, 213, 235, 274, 285, 287, 311, 314
Row tillage 127, 249, 291, 334
Rowcrops 8, 64, 71
Rubus allegheniensis 146
Runoff 3, 33, 65, 175, 196, 227, 264
Salinity 192
Salsola kali 192
Sampling 72, 283
Sandy loam soils 22, 59, 77, 93
Sandy soils 55, 207
Sap 247
Saskatchewan 6, 28, 98, 105, 111, 136, 155, 217, 218, 262, 274
Saturated hydraulic conductivity 270
Saudi arabia 137
Schizachyrium scoparium 199
Schizaphis graminum 12, 66
Screening 272
Scymnus 12
Seasonal fluctuations 116, 133, 296
Seasonal variation 5, 33, 55, 59, 95, 116, 158, 215, 310, 316
Secale cereale 24, 52, 77, 140, 141, 165, 194, 207, 263, 294, 336
Sediment 196
Seed banks 23, 110, 161, 176, 180, 188, 328
Seed characteristics 200
Seed dressings 290
Seed germination 110, 259, 275, 286, 290
Seed longevity 275
Seed moisture 303
Seed quality 286
Seed treatment 100, 286
Seedling emergence 97, 156, 188, 286, 290, 338
Seedlings 95, 96, 112, 216, 286
Seeds 95, 110, 112, 188, 259, 286, 290, 314, 321
Selection pressure 193
Selenium 192, 318
Semiarid zones 32, 209
Septoria 155
Sequential cropping 62, 63, 103, 164, 281, 303
Sesbania exaltata 75, 301
Setaria faberi 74, 97, 149, 156, 161, 314, 329
Setaria viridis 97, 241
Sethoxydim 147, 148
Setosphaeria turcica 94
Shoots 53
Shrubs 320
Sidedressing 207, 240
Silt loam soils 93, 109, 152, 180, 283, 284, 293, 300, 307, 309
Silty soils 175
Silvopastoral systems 167
Simazine 54, 175
Simulation 116, 196
Sinapis arvensis 251
Site preparation 15
Slope 253
Slugs 15, 29, 107, 112
Snow cover 230
Soil 116, 186, 250, 260
Soil acidity 293
Soil acidulants 293
Soil air 308
Soil analysis 157, 308
Soil arthropods 171
Soil biology 273
Soil chemistry 24, 70, 157, 204, 237, 277
Soil compaction 22, 41, 92, 154, 282, 334
Soil conservation 31, 46, 60, 115, 116, 145, 178, 205, 222, 252, 255, 264,
265, 298
Soil degradation 299
Soil density 22, 92
Soil depth 4, 157, 188, 230, 270, 275, 277, 280, 283, 293, 316
Soil fertility 4, 24, 65, 70, 85, 155, 171, 179, 199, 222, 264, 277, 279, 281,
299, 304
Soil flora 333
Soil fumigation 333
Soil fungi 59
Soil injection 205, 240, 254, 269
Soil invertebrates 171
Soil management 171
Soil micromorphology 300
Soil organic matter 4, 85, 137, 174, 198, 228, 232, 264, 284, 304, 305, 316
Soil ph 137, 174, 228, 293, 298, 304, 316
Soil physical properties 24, 185, 276, 282, 307
Soil pore system 309
Soil properties 126, 228, 257
Soil salinity 298
Soil structure 62, 65, 298
Soil temperature 59, 230, 253, 303
Soil test values 239, 283
Soil testing 89, 90, 222, 283
Soil types 80, 226
Soil types (cultural) 236
Soil variability 264
Soils 242
Solanum carolinense 329
Solanum tuberosum 140, 141
Solubility 182
Sorghum 247, 248, 278
Sorghum bicolor 5, 30, 32, 81, 101, 199, 205, 264, 281, 306
Sorption 70, 284
South australia 298
South Carolina 26, 289
South Dakota 64, 124, 125, 126, 127, 139, 177, 209, 214, 223, 249, 291, 330,
334
Sowing date 15, 28, 84, 106, 216, 262
Sowing methods 15, 28
Sowing rates 28, 105, 136, 155, 274, 285
Soybeans 80
Spatial distribution 53, 72, 110
Spatial variation 270, 283, 286
Species 92, 312
Species diversity 192, 312
Split dressings 91, 149, 207, 313
Spore germination 296
Sporulation 296
Sprayers 71
Spring 84, 176, 289, 296
Stability 62, 309
Stand establishment 13, 100, 176, 216, 290
Staphylinidae 186
Statistical analysis 293
Stems 318
Stochastic processes 80, 306
Stocking rate 73
Stover 183
Stratigraphy 293
Straw 219
Straw burning 93, 289, 333
Straw mulches 333
Structural design 69, 300
Stubble 88, 112, 181
Stubble cultivation 111, 298, 332
Stubble mulching 122, 190, 191, 232, 281
Subarctic soils 253
Subsoilers 41
Subsurface application 5, 260
Subtropics 4, 299
Sulfate 182
Sulfonylurea herbicides 146
Sulfur 160, 182
Summer 176, 248
Summer fallow 6, 8
Suppression 198
Surface layers 253, 270, 284, 293, 300
Surface modification 5
Surface treatment 5
Surveys 35, 145, 178
Survival 59, 91, 96, 103, 188, 295, 296, 330, 332
Sustainability 10, 65, 82, 111, 123, 167, 271, 298, 299, 316
Sustainable agriculture 297
Sward renovation 176
Switzerland 312
Symptoms 101
Tachinidae 336
Teachers 317
Tebuthiuron 320
Technology 265, 271
Temporal variation 65, 154, 182, 286, 306
Tennessee 51, 203, 287, 302
Terminology 40
Texas 5, 30, 57, 66, 69, 163, 170, 231, 306
Tillage 4, 6, 8, 9, 13, 19, 30, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 62, 64, 77, 80, 87, 88,
91, 93, 95, 96, 104, 106, 109, 110, 114, 116, 130, 133, 137, 138, 140, 141,
144, 147, 148, 153, 157, 158, 160, 162, 170, 171, 175, 181, 183, 185, 187, 189,
190, 191, 192, 193, 196, 215, 228, 230, 236, 246, 254, 264, 275, 276, 280, 282,
284, 285, 294, 295, 296, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 310, 311, 312, 320, 321
Timing 52, 54, 74, 148, 149, 156, 158, 176, 217, 313, 314
Toposequences 277
Topsoil 25
Total costs 55
Total digestible nutrients 8
Traditional farming 27, 65
Traffic 92
Trafficability 22, 282
Transplanters 36
Transport processes 185
Trap crops 134
Trapping 29
Treatment 272
Trichogramma 129
Trickle irrigation 22
Triclopyr 146
Trifluralin 231
Trifolium incarnatum 58, 59, 206, 259, 264, 313
Trifolium pratense 62, 152, 315
Trifolium repens 15
Trifolium subterraneum 123, 171, 221, 279, 294
Triple superphosphate 182
Triticum 18, 49, 103, 123, 157, 214, 333, 335
Triticum aestivum 4, 6, 10, 12, 26, 28, 48, 62, 76, 77, 81, 82, 84, 88, 89,
90, 92, 99, 101, 102, 106, 109, 111, 113, 117, 121, 122, 133, 136, 138, 144,
148, 151, 153, 155, 160, 193, 199, 217, 218, 219, 228, 239, 246, 251, 262, 274,
281, 289, 293, 303, 304, 305, 306, 311, 327, 332, 337
Triticum durum 234
Tropical grasslands 299
Tropical rain forests 65
Tropical soils 182
Tropics 32
Tubers 140
Tuscany 171
Tyrophagus putrescentiae 186
U.S.A. 145, 265, 271
Uk 102
Ultisols 65, 174, 183, 264
Ultisols--particle size distribution--soil density--bulk
density--soil
compaction--horizontal infiltration--land
clearance--bulldozers--cropping
systems--alley cropping--pastures--no-tillage--agroforestry 173
Ultrafiltration 85
Uncertainty 116
Undersowing 312
Undisturbed sampling 300
Universal soil loss equation 116
Upland rice 164
Uptake 318
Urea 181, 182, 184, 217, 228, 261, 293
Urea ammonium nitrate 160, 184, 205, 207, 217, 240, 260, 269, 283
Urea fertilizers 152
Urease inhibitors 184
Ureides 247
Use efficiency 5, 90, 132, 133, 160, 184, 204, 205, 207, 254, 269, 313, 316
Valuation 27, 306
Variable costs 8, 55, 306
Varietal reactions 94, 138, 200
Varietal susceptibility 286, 338
Varieties 234
Variety trials 138
Vegetables 27, 272
Vertisols 181, 228
Vicia 197
Vicia villosa 59, 159, 221, 263
Vigna radiata 247
Vigna unguiculata 164, 183, 247
Vigor 95, 286
Vineyards 171, 331
Virginia 67, 72, 207, 216, 250, 336
Virulence 59, 94, 101
Vitis 171
Volatilization 184
Volcanic ash soils 182
Volunteer plants 158, 259
Washington 10, 20, 158, 193, 200, 333
Watersheds 33, 178
Weed biology 97, 110, 161, 180, 241, 328
Weed competition 327
Weed control 2, 7, 9, 16, 20, 23, 26, 32, 46, 49, 54, 67, 74, 75, 76, 82, 84,
96, 99, 102, 108, 109, 113, 121, 123, 125, 140, 141, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150,
156, 158, 159, 161, 169, 231, 241, 243, 244, 251, 275, 294, 301, 310, 314, 319,
321, 322, 324, 326, 328, 329, 331, 335
Weeding 164, 327
Weeds 2, 16, 96, 110, 112, 143, 148, 180, 188, 208, 241, 258, 263, 294, 326,
327
Weight 286
Western australia 123
Wet season 65
Wheat flour 138
Wheat straw 133, 333
Wheel tracks 334
Wheels 308
Width 285
Wild plants 192
Windrows 174
Winter 15, 230, 296
Winter hardiness 262, 332
Winter kill 262
Winter wheat 101, 122, 138, 217, 218, 219, 246, 262, 274, 293
Wisconsin 74, 110, 156, 215, 236, 240, 241, 285, 303
Work experience programs 317
Xanthium strumarium 148, 314, 321
Xylem 247
Yield components 274
Yield factors 207
Yield increases 330
Yield losses 337
Yield response functions 218, 274
Yield targets 333
Yields 87, 189, 202, 227
Zea mays 4, 7, 16, 23, 24, 32, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 58, 62, 70, 72, 74, 77, 80,
82, 94, 96, 107, 108, 109, 129, 130, 132, 144, 146, 154, 157, 161, 164, 165,
169, 175, 177, 180, 182, 184, 186, 196, 198, 199, 201, 202, 204, 207, 215, 227,
240, 241, 246, 250, 254, 258, 259, 260, 261, 263, 269, 273, 275, 276, 280, 283,
286, 291, 294, 296, 303, 304, 305, 307, 308, 309, 311, 312, 313, 315, 316, 318,
324, 328, 329, 330, 336
Zinc 137
The Alternative Farming Systems Information Center, afsic@nal.usda.gov
http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/AFSIC_pubs/qb94-13.htm, March 1994
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