TITLE: Double Cropping and Interplanting
PUBLICATION DATE: August 1994
ENTRY DATE: April 1995
EXPIRATION DATE:
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ISSN: 1052-5378
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Double Cropping and Interplanting
January 1991 - February 1994
QB 94-51
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Double Cropping and Interplanting
January 1991 - February 1994
Quick Bibliography Series: QB 94-51
Updates QB 91-122
391 citations in English from AGRICOLA
Mary V. Gold
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
August 1994
National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
Gold, Mary V.
Double cropping and interplanting : January 1991-February
1994.
(Quick bibliography series ; 94-51)
1. Double cropping--Bibliography. I. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.94-51
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Citation # NAL Call No.
Article title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher. Journal Title.
Date. Volume (Issue). Pages. (NAL Call Number).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL 389.8.SCH6
Morrison, S.B. Denver, Colo.: American School Food Service
Association. School foodservice journal. Sept 1987. v. 41
(8). p.48-50. ill.
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Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
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All aboard the nutri-train.
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Double Cropping and Interplanting
SEARCH STRATEGY
SET DESCRIPTION
S1 INTERCROP? OR (INTER()CROP?) OR INTERPLANTING?
OR OVERSEED? OR OVERSOW? OR INTERSEED?
S2 ((STRIP OR STRIPS)(3W)CROP?) OR STRIPCROP? OR
(MIXED()CROP?) OR (MULTIPLE()CROP?) OR
(CROP()MIXTURE)
OR (DOUBLE()CROP?) OR DOUBLECROP?
S3 (SEED()MIXTURE?) OR (COMPANION()(PLANT? OR CROP?))
OR (CROP()COMBINATION?)
S4 (MIXED()PASTURE?) NOT (SH=L100 OR SH=L500 OR
SH=L600)
S5 S1 OR S2 OR S3 OR S4
S6 S5 NOT TURF? OR FOREST?
S7 S6/TI,DE
S8 POLYCULTUR? NOT FISH
S9 S7 OR S8
S10 S9/ENG
S11 S10/1991-1994
Double Cropping and Interplanting
1 NAL Call. No.: S1.N32
2 crops for the price of 1: intercropping grosses up to
$332/A. Cramer, C.; Cicero, K.
Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Institute; 1992 Feb.
The New farm v. 14 (2): p. 14-17; 1992 Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Dakota; Intercropping; Mixed cropping;
Economic analysis
2 NAL Call. No.: HD101.S6
Adoption of double-cropping soybeans and wheat.
Shapiro, B.I.; Brorsen, B.W.; Doster, D.H.
Experiment, Ga. : Southern Agricultural Economics Association;
1992 Dec. Southern journal of agricultural economics v. 24
(2): p. 33-40; 1992 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Corn belt states of U.S.A.; Cabt; Glycine max;
Triticum aestivum; Double cropping; Probabilistic models;
Decision making; Risk; Farmers' attitudes; Farm income;
Profitability; Zea mays; Innovation adoption
Abstract: Double-cropping of soybeans and wheat is often
promoted by extension personnel. This paper seeks to explain
how the decision to adopt double-cropping is made, using a
Tobit regression model. Tobit makes use of more of the
information in the data set than do logit or probit and
explains not only the decision to double-crop but also the
rate of adoption. The paper considers factors such as profit
and risk perceptions and risk which have not been included in
the past models used to explain adoption of technology. The
results show that risk perception is important. Contrary to
the findings of some other adoption studies, this decision in
not influenced by human capital factors. The farmers who
double-crop are more highly leveraged and appear to do so both
to achieve higher income and as part of a risk diversification
strategy. This is consistent with the importance of the
location factor, measured as the average number of growing
degree days at the farm's location. Growing degree days is a
proxy for the actual distribution of returns from double-
cropping and is the main factor explaining this decision.
Extensive adoption of double-cropping in cooler regions of the
Midwest must await technological advances that can increase
the profitability of double-cropping by reducing the growing
season for wheat and/or beans.
3 NAL Call. No.: 382 SO12
Aflatoxin contamination in mustard (Brassica juncea) in
relation to agronomic practices.
Bilgrami, K.S.; Choudhary, A.K.; Masood, A.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1991.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture v. 54 (2): p.
221-228; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Brassica juncea; Planting date; Continuous
cropping; Crop mixtures; Contamination; Aflatoxins
4 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.A45A32 1992
The AFNETA alley farming training manual.. Alley farming
training manual Core course in alley farming Source book for
alley farming research Tripathi, Bansh R.; Psychas, Paul J.;
Atta-Krah, Kwesi; Sanginga, N. Alley Farming Network for
Tropical Africa
Ibadan : Alley Farming Network for Tropical Africa,; 1992.
2 v. : ill., maps ; 30 cm. Includes bibliographical
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hedgerow intercropping; Cropping systems;
Agroforestry
5 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59
Alfalfa emergence following interseeding into existing alfalfa
stands. Bortnem, R.; Boe, A.; Einhellig, F.
Georgetown, Tx. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1992.
Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference v. 1: p.
6-10; 1992. Proceedings of a meeting on "Forages '92:
Grassroots of Animal Agriculture," held April 5-9, 1992, Grand
Rapids, Michigan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Dakota; Medicago sativa; Cultivars;
Resowing; Seedling emergence
6 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59
Alfalfa establishment with diverse annual ryegrass cultivars.
Sulc, R.M.; Albrecht, K.A.
Georgetown, Tx. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1992.
Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference v. 1: p.
1-5; 1992. Proceedings of a meeting on "Forages '92:
Grassroots of Animal Agriculture," held April 5-9, 1992, Grand
Rapids, Michigan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Medicago sativa; Lolium multiflorum;
Cultivars; Companion crops; Fodder crops; Crop yield; Crop
quality; Crop establishment
7 NAL Call. No.: HD1.A3
Alternative cropping systems and intensive irrigation under
arid zone conditions.
Dinar, A.; Yaron, D.; Baruchin, A.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
Agricultural systems v. 38 (3): p. 301-318; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Israel; Double cropping; Arid regions; Farm
management; Sprinkler irrigation; Trickle irrigation;
Irrigation systems; Costs; Gross margins; Land use; Farm
inputs; Mathematical models; Cropping systems
8 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
Alternatives to synthetic chemical insecticides for use in
crucifer crops. Endersby, N.M.; Morgan, W.C.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1991.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 8 (1): p. 33-52; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Australia; Cruciferae; Plutella xylostella;
Pieris rapae; Integrated pest management; Biological control;
Sterile insect release; Intercropping; Companion crops;
Varietal resistance; Barriers; Insecticides; Insect
repellents; Plant protection; Reviews
9 NAL Call. No.: DISS F1993010
Analysis of yield advantage in mixed cropping.
Ranganathan, Radha
Netherlands? : s.n.,; 1993.
ix, 93 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Thesis statement and summary in
Dutch. Includes bibliographical references.
Language: English
10 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Annual phytomass production of a rye-corn double-cropping
system in Ontario. Tillenaar, M.; Mihajilovic, M.; Vyn, T.J.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Nov.
Journal of the American Society of Agronomy v. 84 (6): p.
963-967; 1992 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Secale cereale; Zea mays; Double
cropping; Dry matter accumulation; Sowing date; Plant height;
Growth rate; Phenology; Maturation period; Tillage; Harvesting
date
Abstract: A rye (Secale cereale L.)-corn (Zea mays L.)
double-cropping system has the potential to maximize annual
phytomass production in Ontario. Field experiments were
conducted at Elora and Woodstock, ON, from 1981 to 1984 to
evaluate the impact of rye harvest and corn planting date
combinations during the spring as well as tillage methods on
annual above-ground phytomass production. Winter rye was
planted in late September or early October after corn harvest
and either chemically killed in early May or harvested as
silage before corn planting. The rye/tillage treatments
consisted of no-rye/rototill, rye/rototill, and rye/no-till.
Corn phenology was monitored during the growing season and
corn above-ground dry matter was harvested in late September.
Rye phytomass was 2.7 and 4.5 Mg ha-1 at the middle of May in
Elora and Woodstock, respectively, and 5.4 Mg ha-1 at the end
of May in Elora. Rate of leaf appearance and plant height
during early development was reduced, silking date was
delayed, and plant moisture at corn harvest was higher for
corn following rye in comparison to single-crop corn. The
impact was largest in the no-till treatments. The combination
of rye harvest date/corn planting date and tillage treatment
that resulted in the highest phytomass production in the rye-
corn double-cropping sequence was 6 to 10% higher than that of
early planted corn. The reduction in corn dry matter
accumulation due to the preceding rye crop and the delay in
date of corn planting negated to a large extent the
contribution of rye phytomass to the total phytomass
production of the rye-corn double-cropping sequence.
11 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Antibiosis to fall armyworm in Honduran landrace sorghum.
Meckenstock, D.H.; Castro, M.T.; Pitre, H.N.; Gomez, F.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1259-1266; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Honduras; Sorghum bicolor; Spodoptera frugiperda;
Antibiosis; Intercropping; Zea mays
Abstract: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith),
is an early season production constraint of sorghum, Sorghum
bicolor (L.) Moench, and maize, Zea mays L., in Central
America. Because fall armyworm populations decline after a
brief buildup on landrace sorghum, this study was conducted to
determine whether antibiosis was a mechanism of resistance.
Three fall armyworm feeding experiments were conducted in the
laboratory using whorl-leaf material collected daily from
sorghum. Experiments began with neonate larvae once plants had
lived for 30-40 d. Mortality, pupal weight, generation time,
intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and relative fitness were
used to make inferences about antibiosis. Experiment 1
determined that the moderately resistant cheek, 1821 c.m. (rm
= 0.31), was comparable to the susceptible check, 'Huerin
Inta' (r = 0.30), thus indicating that its mechanism of
resistance was probably larval nonpreference. However,
landrace San Bernardo III (rm = 0.27) significantly suppressed
fall armyworm population density increase. Experiment 2
confirmed resistance in landrace San Bernardo III and showed
that its resistance could be combined with that of inbred line
TAM428 to produce an enhanced level of antibiosis. The
mechanism of resistance in 'AF28' also was shown to be
antibiosis. Experiment 3 indicated that antibiosis may be
widespread in landrace populations and that it was manifested
differently than in 'AF28'. Cohorts raised on three landrace
accessions attained significantly lower pupal weights (184-191
mg/larva-1) than those raised on 'AF28' (216 mg/larva-1). They
also suffered significantly higher mortality on 'AF28' (42%)
than those raised on landrace populations (16-30%). Antibiosis
was detected in the landrace accessions San Bernardo III,
Hilate-179, Pina-61, and Lerdo-104. A hypothesis, based on
differential selection and increased selection pressure
brought about through intercropping with maize, is presented
to explain the development of antibiosis
12 NAL Call. No.: 281.8 C16
The application of multivariate stochastic dominance criteria
to agricultural economic problems.
Jeffrey, S.R.; Eidman, V.R.
Ottawa : Canadian Agricultural Economics and Farm Management
Society; 1991 Jul.
Canadian journal of agricultural economics; Revue Canadienne
d'economie rurale v. 39 (2): p. 193-209; 1991 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Dairy farming; Structural change;
Risk; Multivariate analysis; Stochastic processes; Livestock
numbers; Crop mixtures; Land use; Simulation models
13 NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67
Applied phosphorus and potassium effects on yield of
dallisgrass-bermudagrass pastures.
Jones, W.F.; Watson, V.H.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Journal of plant nutrition v. 14 (6): p. 585-597; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Paspalum dilatatum; Cynodon
dactylon; Nutrient requirements; Potassium; Phosphorus;
Nutrient availability; Potassium chloride; Ammonium nitrate;
Monocalcium phosphate; Application rates; Dry matter
accumulation; Crop yield; Nitrogen; Yield response functions;
Nutrient nutrient interactions; Mineral content; Nutrient
content; Forage; Mixed pastures; Clay soils
Abstract: There are substantial areas of dallisgrass
(Paspalum dilatatum Poir.)-common bermudagrass (Cynodon
dactylon (L.). Pers.) summer-type pastures in the Southeastern
Central Plain, but little information is available on their
response to P and K fertilization. The purpose of this study
was to measure the response of dallisgrass-common bermudagrass
pastures to P and K fertilization with and without N.
Phosphorus and K were applied to two soils in May each year
for three years. Yield data were collected by clipping a swath
through the length of the plots when the minimum forage height
was approximately 30 cm. Responses to P and K applications
were obtained when the soil test levels were low to very low,
but not when they were medium as determined by the Mississippi
Soil Test (MST). Forage P concentration of the control in the
medium P and K soil was within the adequate range of 2.8 to
3.4 g/kg, but forage K concentration was below the critical
range of 16 to 18 g/kg. Forage P and K concentrations of the
controls in the low P and K soil were below critical levels.
At both locations forage P and K concentrations were increased
by P and K fertilization. Available soil P increased with rate
of P application but soil extractable K was unaffected by K
application. No yield response to P and K are likely at medium
soil test levels (MST) even at high rates of N. There was no
response to P and K application without N.
14 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
Assessment of contrasting perennial ryegrasses, with and
without white clover, under continuous sheep stocking in the
uplands. 3. Herbage production, quality and intake.
Davies, D.A.; Fothergill, M.; Jones, D.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Mar.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 46 (1): p. 39-49; 1991 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wales; Lolium perenne; Trifolium repens; Crop
mixtures; Pastures; Sheep; Herbage; Productivity; Organic
matter; In vitro digestibility; Lambs; Feed intake; Forage;
Chemical composition; Stocking rate; Liveweight gain
15 NAL Call. No.: QL750.O3
Augumentation of beneficial arthropods by strip-management. 4.
Surface activity, movements and activity density of abundant
carabid beetles in a cereal field.
Lys, J.A.; Nentwig, W.
Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer International; 1992.
Oecologia v. 92 (3): p. 373-382; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cereals; Pterostichus cupreus; Pterostichus
melanarius; Carabidae; Habitats; Strip cropping; Population
density; Movement
16 NAL Call. No.: S75.F87
Ballyhooing beans.
DePolo, J.
East Lansing, Mich. : The Station; 1992.
Futures - Michigan State University, Agricultural Experiment
Station v. 10 (1): p. 27; 1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Michigan; Experimental stations; University
research; Phaseolus; Beta vulgaris; Companion crops
17 NAL Call. No.: 10 EX72
Banana and bean intercropping factors affecting bean yield and
land use efficiency.
Wortmann, C.S.; Sengooba, T.; Kyamanywa, S.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Jul.
Experimental agriculture v. 28 (3): p. 287-294; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uganda; Musa; Phaseolus vulgaris; Intercropping;
Land use; Shading; Soil properties; Crop yield
18 NAL Call. No.: SF85.A1R32
Benefits of intercrops as feed sources for livestock.
Esmail, S.H.M.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1991 Aug.
Rangelands v. 13 (4): p. 193-195; 1991 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Soybeans; Intercropping; Maize; Sorghum; Silage;
Livestock; Shading
19 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Bermudagrass-subterranean clover response to nitrogen
application. Brink, G.E.; Fairbrother, T.E.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (4): p. 591-595; 1992
Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Cynodon dactylon; Trifolium
subterraneum; Oversowing; Ammonium nitrate; Application rates;
Application date; Crop yield; Dry matter accumulation; Crop
quality; Crop establishment
20 NAL Call. No.: A00109
The better way...controlling weeds with intercropping.
Washington, DC : National Biotechnology Policy Center of the
National Wildlife Federation; 1991 Dec.
The gene exchange v. 2 (4): p. 8; 1991 Dec.
Language: English
Descriptors: Trifolium repens; Zea mays; Intercropping; Crop
yield
21 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Biodiversity of microarthropods in agricultural soils:
relations to processes. Crossley, D.A. Jr; Mueller, B.R.;
Perdue, J.C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 May.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 40 (1/4): p. 37-46;
1992 May. In the Special Issue: Biotic Diversity in
Agroecosystems / edited by M.G. Paoletti and D. Pimentel.
Proceedings from a symposium on Agroecology and Conservation
Issues in Tropical and a Temperate Regions, September 26-29,
1990, Padova, Italy. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Soil arthropods; Soil biology; Agricultural
soils; Species diversity; Population dynamics; Farming
systems; Fertilizers; Cultivation; Cropping systems;
Pesticides; Trophic levels; Food chains; Soil organic matter;
Soil flora; Free living nematodes; Roots; Ecosystems;
Sustainability; Literature reviews
22 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
A bio-economic evaluation of intercropping arrangements in a
yam-cassava based cropping system in the rain forest belt of
Nigeria.
Anuebunwa, F.O.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1992.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 8 (3): p. 251-260; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Dioscorea rotundata; Zea mays; Citrullus
lanatus; Manihot esculenta; Intercropping; Crop yield; Crop
production; Energy value; Economic evaluation; Productivity;
Profitability
23 NAL Call. No.: S596.7.D4
Biological nitrogen fixation in mixed legume/grass pastures.
Ledgard, S.F.; Steele, K.W.
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992.
Developments in plant and soil sciences v. 49: p. 137-153;
1992. In the series analytic: Biological nitrogen fixation
for sustainable agriculture / edited by J.K. Ladha, T. George,
and B.B. Bohlool. Extended versions of papers presented in the
symposium "Role of biological nitrogen fixation in sustainable
agriculture", 1990, Kyoto, Japan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mixed pastures; Leguminosae; Gramineae; Nitrogen
fixation; Sustainability
Abstract: Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in mixed
legume/grass pastures is reviewed along with the importance of
transfer of fixed nitrogen (N) to associated grasses.
Estimates of BNF depend on the method of measurement and some
of the advantages and limitations of the main methods are
outlined. The amounts of N fixed from atmospheric N2 in
legume/grass pastures throughout the world is summarized and
range from 13 to 682 kg N ha-1 yr-1. The corresponding range
for grazed pastures, which have been assessed for white clover
pastures only, is 55 to 296 kg N ha-1 yr-1 . Biological
nitrogen fixation by legumes in mixed pastures is influenced
by three primary factors; legume persistence and production,
soil N status, and competition with the associated grass(es).
These factors and the interactions between them are discussed.
Legume persistence, production and BNF is also influenced by
many factors and this review centres on the important effects
of soil moisture status. soil acidity, nutrition, and pests
and disease. Soil N status interacts directly with BNF in the
short and long term. in the short-term, increases in soil
inorganic N occurs during dry conditions and where N
fertiliser is used, and these will reduce BNF. In the long-
term, BNF leads to accumulation of soil N, grass dominance,
and reduced BNF. However. cyclical patterns of legume and
grass dominance can occur due, at least in part, to temporal
changes in plant-available N levels in soil. Thus, there is a
dynamic relationship between legumes and grasses whereby
uptake of soil N by grass reduces the inhibitory effect of
soil N on BNF and competition by grasses reduces legume
production and BNF. Factors affecting the competition between
legumes and grasses are considered including grass species,
grazing animals, and grazing or cutting management. Some fixed
N is transferred from legumes to associated grasses. The
amount of N transferred 'below-ground', predominantly through
decomposition of legume roots and nodules, has been estimated
at 3 to 102 kg N ha-1 yr-1 or 2 to 26% of BNF. In grazed
pasture, N is also transferred 'above-ground' via return in
animal excreta and this can be of a similar magnitude to
'below-ground' transfer. Increased BNF in mixed legume/grass
pastures is being obtained through selection or breeding of
legumes for increased productivity and/or to minimize effects
of nutrient limitations. low soil moisture, soil acidity, and
pests and disease. Ultimately, this will reduce the need to
modify the pasture environment and increase the role of
legumes in low-input, sustainable agriculture.
24 NAL Call. No.: S596.7.D4
Biological nitrogen fixation in mixed legume-cereal cropping
systems. Fujita, K.; Ofosu-Budu, K.G.; Ogata, S.
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992.
Developments in plant and soil sciences v. 49: p. 155-175;
1992. In the series analytic: Biological nitrogen fixation
for sustainable agriculture / edited by J.K. Ladha, T. George,
and B.B. Bohlool. Extended versions of papers presented in the
symposium "Role of biological nitrogen fixation in sustainable
agriculture", 1990, Kyoto, Japan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Legumes; Cereals; Intercropping; Nitrogen
fixation; Sustainability
Abstract: Cereal/legume intercropping increases dry matter
production and grain yield more than their monocultures. When
fertilizer N is limited, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is
the major source of N in legume-cereal mixed cropping systems.
The soil N use patterns of component crops depend on the N
source and legume species. Nitrogen transfer from legume to
cereal increases the cropping system's yield and efficiency of
N use. The use of nitrate-tolerant legumes. whose BNF is
thought to be little affected by application of combined N,
may increase the quantity of N available for the cereal
component. The distance between the cereal and legume root
systems is important because N is transferred through the
intermingling of root systems. Consequently, the most
effective planting distance varies with type of legume and
cereal. Mutual shading by component crops, especially the
taller cereals, reduces BNF and yield of the associated
legume. Light interception by the legume can be improved by
selecting a suitable plant type and architecture. Planting
pattern and population at which maximum yield is achieved also
vary among component species and environments. Crops can be
mixed in different proportions from additive to replacement or
substitution mixtures. At an ideal population ratio a semi-
additive mixture may produce higher gross returns.
25 NAL Call. No.: QC73.6.E5
Biomass potential of selected grass and legume crops.
Cherney, J.H.; Johnson, K.D.; Volenec, J.J.; Greene, D.K.
Washington, DC : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Jul.
Energy sources v. 13 (3): p. 283-292; 1991 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Biomass production; Festuca arundinacea; Phalaris
arundinacea; Panicum virgatum; Medicago sativa; Lotus
corniculatus; Marginal land; Fertilization; Secale cereale;
Sorghum bicolor; Double cropping; Feasibility studies; Crop
management
26 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Botanical composition of tropical grass-legume pastures
estimated with near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.
Pitman, W.D.; Piacitelli, C.K.; Aiken, G.E.; Barton, F.E. II
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (1): p. 103-107; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Paspalum notatum; Aeschynomene Americana;
Macroptilium lathyroides; Mixed pastures; Botanical
composition; Measurement; Sampling; Infrared spectroscopy;
Equations; Estimation; Computer software
Abstract: Quantifying pasture composition requires either
laborious or subjective approaches. Evaluations of near-
infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to determine
botanical composition of mixed pasture swards have shown
potential. In this study, characterization of botanical
composition of pastures comprised primarily of bahiagrass
(Paspalum notatum Flugge), aeschynomene (Aeschymomene
americana L.) and phasey bean [Macroptilium lathyriodes (L.)
Urb.] by NIRS was evaluated. Three approaches (hand-composited
samples, single-component samples, and actual pasture samples)
were compared for equation development. Theoretical potential
of NIRS is illustrated by high coefficients of determination
(0.98-0.99) and low standard errors (1.4-2.9%) of equations
for the above species from hand-composited samples. Equations
developed from the three approaches were evaluated for
estimation of the botanical composition of a separate group of
pasture samples. Equations developed from hand-composited
samples from a single source of each component were not
acceptable for estimating composition of pasture samples
despite the excellent calibration statistics. Single-component
samples approached adequate results only for composite total
grass and total legume groups, even though the pasture sample
composition appeared to be well represented in the calibration
sample set. Equations from pasture samples provided useful
estimates of sample means, although some individual samples
were poorly estimated. Thus, botanical composition of these
pastures may be estimated using equations from actual pasture
samples, and estimates of total grass and total legume may be
obtained from use of single-component samples, which provides
further labor reductions. A comparison of original software
and updated software packages CAL, BEST, REG70, and partial
least squares principal component regression showed none to be
consistently superior.
27 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1I66
Botanical pesticides in Africa.
Grossman, J.
Berkeley, Calif. : Bio-Integral Resource Center; 1993 Jan.
The IPM practitioner v. 15 (1): p. 1-9; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Africa; Botanical insecticides; Integrated pest
management; Pyrethrins; Eugenol; Pesticides; Environmental
impact; Citral; Intercropping; Fungicides; Herbicides;
International organizations; Sustainability
28 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656 1991 A238
Breeding sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) for
intercropping systems.. University of Nebraska--Lincoln thesis
: Agronomy
Abdulai, Mashark Seidu
1991; 1991.
ix, 95 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical
references.
Language: English
29 NAL Call. No.: 10 EX72
Canopy duration and structure of pigeonpea intercropped with
upland rice. Ramakrishna, A.; Ong, C.K.; Reddy, S.L.N.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Jul.
Experimental agriculture v. 28 (3): p. 295-307; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Andhra pradesh; Cajanus cajan; Cultivars;
Interactions; Intercropping; Oryza sativa; Canopy; Crop yield;
Vertisols
30 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Canopy structure in soybean monocultures and soybean-sorghum
mixtures: impact on aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) landing
rates.
Bottenberg, H.; Irwin, M.E.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1992 Jun.
Environmental entomology v. 21 (3): p. 542-548; 1992 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Glycine max; Monoculture; Sorghum
bicolor; Crop mixtures; Canopy; Aphidoidea; Incidence; Insect
control; Insect traps; Monitoring
Abstract: Aphid landing rates were monitored with horizontal
mosaic green pan traps in monocultures of soybean, Glycine max
(L.) Merrill, and in additive mixtures of soybean with dwarf
or tall isolines of sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.
Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) colonized sorghum whorls and was
the major species caught in pan traps. Weekly aphicide spot
applications to sorghum whorls, starting at 36 d after
planting, did not suppress R. maidis colonies significantly
until after the third application. Landing rates of R. maidis
alatae were similar in treated and untreated crop mixtures.
The lack of a significant difference may have resulted from
immigration of R. maidis alatae from outside the experimental
field but inefficient colony suppression may have produced
similar results. Mixed cropping reduced landing rates of Aphis
gossypii Glover, Aphis helianthi complex, and Lipaphis erysimi
(Kaltenbach) on sorghum plants, and R. maidis on soybean
plants. Generally, landing rates were equally reduced in the
mixtures with tall or dwarf sorghum. The percentage of ground
covered by vegetation, which was less in monocultures than in
mixtures, proved to be more important than crop height in
reducing aphid landing rates. All aphid species landed
randomly on soybean and sorghum plants within dwarf sorghum
mixtures. However, in tall sorghum mixtures Aphis nerii Boyer
de Fonscolombe and A. gossypii preferred to land on soybean
whereas Aphis spiraecola Patch landed more often on sorghum.
Landing R. maidis alatae did not show a preference for sorghum
or soybean in the crop mixtures. Different sensitivities to
microclimatic conditions may explain these behavioral
patterns.
31 NAL Call. No.: 421 En895
Carabid beetle assemblage under diversified agroecosystems.
Tonhasca, A. Jr
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1993 Sep.
Entomologia experimentalis et applicata v. 68 (3): p. 279-285;
1993 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Cabt; Zea mays; Glycine max; Carabidae;
Ecosystems; Habitats; Insect communities; Intercropping;
Monoculture; No-tillage; Tillage; Species diversity; Trapping
32 NAL Call. No.: SB599.P45
cDNA cloning and characterization of two barley peroxidase
transcripts induced differentially by the powdery mildew
fungus Erysiphe graminis. Thordal-Christensen, H.; Brandt, J.;
Cho, B.H.; Rasmussen, S.K.; Gregersen, P.L.; Smedegaard-
Petersen, V.; Collinge, D.B.
London : Academic Press; 1992 Jun.
Physiological and molecular plant pathology v. 40 (6): p.
395-409; 1992 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hordeum vulgare; Peroxidase; Dna libraries;
Erysiphe graminis; Nucleotide sequences; Amino acid sequences;
Gene expression
Abstract: A cDNA library of RNA from barley leaves inoculated
with Erysiphe graminis was screened using labelled cDNA
enriched for specific sequences by subtractive hybridization
against RNA from non-inoculated leaves. This resulted in
isolation of several clones representing pathogen induced
genes. By cross-hybridization and sequence analysis, one of
the cDNAs (pBT6-3) was found to be a partial clone
representing a putative peroxidase, for which a full-length
cDNA clone (pBH6-301) was subsequently isolated. The predicted
amino acid sequence revealed a 21 amino acid signal peptide
and a 294 amino acid mature protein (31 kDa) and shows 56%
amino acid identity to a basic peroxidase from turnip, 89% to
a putative peroxidase from wheat, but only 38% to the amino
acid sequence derived from the cDNA clone (pcD1311) of a
second putative barley peroxidase expressed in leaves.
Northern blot analysis showed that the pBT6-3 (pBH6-301)
transcript is elevated as early as 4 h after inoculation with
E. graminis f. sp hordei and that two maxima in transcript
levels appear, which can be correlated with penetration
attempts by the fungus. The amount of the pcD1311 transcript
was also found to increase in inoculated leaves but at a later
time point.
33 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8
Chemical and biological control of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 in
snap bean double-cropped with corn.
Sumner, D.R.; Lewis, J.A.; Gitaitis, R.D.
Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1992 Apr.
Crop protection v. 11 (2): p. 121-126; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Phaseolus vulgaris; Zea mays; Double
cropping; Rhizoctonia solani; Plant pathogenic fungi;
Fungicides; Chemical control; Biological control; Biological
control agents; Efficacy; Crop yield
34 NAL Call. No.: aS622.S6
Chemical use down in Iowa project.
Mitchell, P.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1992 May.
Soil & water conservation news - U.S. Deptartment of
Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service v. 13 (1): p. 14; 1992
May.
Language: English
Descriptors: Iowa; Watershed management; Water quality;
Groundwater pollution; Nitrates; Fertilizers; Strip cropping
35 NAL Call. No.: QH301.N32
Circadian control of gene expression and morphogenesis by heat
shock in barley.
Beator, J.; Kloppstech, K.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1992.
NATO ASI series : Series A : Life sciences v. 226: p. 101-106.
ill; 1992. In the series analytic: Regulation of chloroplast
biogenesis / edited by J.H. Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou. Proceedings
of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop, July 28-August 3, 1991,
Crete, Greece. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hordeum vulgare; Circadian rhythm; Gene
expression; Greening; Heat shock; Morphogenesis; Phytochrome;
Messenger RNA
36 NAL Call. No.: 80 AM371
A clean choice.
Bremer, A.H.
Chicago, Ill. : American Nurseryman Publishing Company; 1993
Jun01. American nurseryman v. 177 (11): p. 38-41; 1993 Jun01.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ornamental woody plants; Plantations; Cover
crops; Trifolium pratense; Grasses; Crop mixtures
37 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Companion crop forage establishment: producer practices and
perceptions. Simmons, S.R.; Martin, N.P.; Sheaffer, C.C.;
Stuthman, D.D.; Schiefelbein, E.L.; Haugen, T.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (1): p. 67-72; 1992
Jan. Paper presented at a symposium on "Ecology and
Management of Grazing Systems" presented at the annual meeting
of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,
January 14-19, 1991, San Francisco, California. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Companion crops; Fodder crops; Crop
establishment; Crop management; Regional surveys; Erosion
control; Weed control; Lodging; Interspecific competition;
Genetic improvement
38 NAL Call. No.: 57.8 SO4
Companion crop plus herbicide improves alfalfa yield.
St. Louis, Mo. : Solutions Magazine; 1993 Mar.
Solutions v. 37 (3): p. 46; 1993 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Minnesota; Medicago sativa; Avena
sativa; Herbicides; Crop yield; Weed control; Companion crops
39 NAL Call. No.: QH548.P54 1991
Companion plants plants that help each other and how to use
them., Rev. ed.. Philbrick, Helen Louise Porter,; Gregg,
Richard B.
Kenthurst, NSW, Australia : Kangaroo Press,; 1991.
96 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p.
89-91) and index.
Language: English
Descriptors: Symbiosis; Myrmecophilous plants
40 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.S86S8
Comparative evaluation of some inter-cropping systems in the
humid tropics of southern Nigeria.
Ghuman, B.S.; Lal, R.
Binghamton, N.Y. : Food Products Press; 1991.
Journal of sustainable agriculture v. 2 (2): p. 59-73; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Zea mays; Dioscorea rotundata; Citrullus
colocynthis; Intercropping; Monoculture; Comparisons; Soil
water content; Soil temperature; Roots; Length; Density; Crop
yield; Humid tropics; Ultisols
41 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
A comparison of moisture-conserving practices for the
traditional sorghum-based cropping system of the Bay Region,
in Somalia. Eagleton, G.E.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Jun14.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 36 (1/2): p. 87-99;
1991 Jun14. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Somalia; Vertisols; Sorghum; Vigna unguiculata;
Vigna radiata; Arachis hypogaea; Water conservation; Soil
water; Bunds; Intercropping; Incorporation; Sorghum stubble;
Fallow; Crop yield; Grain; Seeds; Dry matter accumulation;
Land evaluation; Rain; Temporal variation; Phosphorus;
Nutrient availability; Phosphorus fertilizers; Use efficiency;
Continuous cropping; Soil water retention
42 NAL Call. No.: 443.8 H42
The competition diallel and the exploitation and interference
components of larval competition in Drosophila melanogaster.
De Miranda, J.R.; Hemmat, M.; Eggleston, P.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Jun.
Heredity v. 66 (pt.3): p. 333-349; 1991 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Drosophila melanogaster; Genotype mixtures;
Larvae; Animal competition; Diallel analysis; Mathematical
models; Relationships; Crop mixtures; Crop yield
Abstract: A logistic model of the competition diallel is
presented based on two linear parameters for the exploitation
component of competition, namely the acquisition rate (f) and
utilization efficiency (u), and one linear parameter for the
interference component of competition (i). This interference
component encompasses all phenomena that are uniquely related
to duocultures, such as resource partitioning, mutual
stimulation, inhibition and complementation. The model uses
yield-density regression coefficients (c-values), but could be
adapted to suit other variates that account for both
competitor density and relative frequency. In Drosophila
larval competition most interference is negative and depresses
the performance of duocultures with respect to monocultures,
over and above that expected from shared exploitation of a
common resource. Even in the closely controlled competitive
conditions of these experiments this interference accounts for
a considerable proportion of the total variation. The
isolation of a general, and therefore predictable,
interference component may prove useful in agriculture when
assessing the relative importance of mixture effects to the
yield potential of different crops.
43 NAL Call. No.: 10 EX72
Competitive effects of a short duration, bush type cowpea when
intercropped with cotton in Zimbabwe.
Natarajan, M.; Naik, D.M.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Oct.
Experimental agriculture v. 28 (4): p. 409-416; 1992 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zimbabwe; Vigna unguiculata; Zea mays; Gossypium;
Intercropping; Plant competition; Yield components; Crop yield
44 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Competitive outcome among four pasture species in sterilized
and unsterilized soils.
Turkington, R.; Klein, E.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1991.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 23 (9): p. 837-843; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dactylis glomerata; Holcus lanatus; Lolium
perenne; Trifolium repens; Plant competition; Rhizobium
leguminosarum; Soil flora; Microorganisms; Soil sterilization;
Pot experimentation; Crop mixtures; Monoculture; Competitive
ability; Dry matter accumulation; Weight; Survival; Crop
yield; Growth rate; Crop growth stage; Inhibition; Nutrient
availability
Abstract: Four pasture species (Dactylis glomerata, Holcus
lanatus, Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens) were grown in
monoculture and in all possible 2-, 3-, and 4-species
combinations in pots. One set of pots was filled with
sterilized soil in which most soil microorganisms and
mycorrhiza had been eliminated, a second set was unsterilized
and had an added Rhizobium inoculum. The experiment had four
successive destructive harvests. For each plant species,
regardless of the identity of its competitors, percentage
survival was lowest in unsterilized soils, but the mean weight
of survivors was unaffected, except for T. repens which had an
increased biomass. In addition, at the first harvest the
microorganisms and each of the plant species had a significant
effect on the relative growth rates of each of the target
plant species but this effect was not continued to the final
harvest. It is argued that either (a) in the unsterilized
soils microorganisms inhibit germination of some seeds or
adversely affect young seedlings, and that they compete with
growing plants for limited resources, (b) sterilization
eliminates most of the bacteria present and this along with
the added Rhizobium inoculum might contribute to the higher
survival in sterilized soil, or (c) the nature of
sterilization procedure alone increases the availability of
essential resources to growing plants.
45 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Competitiveness of lathyrus grown in monoculture and
intercropping systems with cereals.
Wall, D.A.; Campbell, C.G.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Jul.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (3): p. 399-403; 1993
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lathyrus sativus; Cereals; Volunteer plants;
Intercropping; Crop weed competition; Interspecific
competition; Crop yield
46 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Competitiveness of lathyrus grown in monoculture and
intercropping systems with cereals.
Wall, D.A.; Campbell, C.G.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Jul.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (3): p. 399-403; 1993
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lathyrus sativus; Cereals; Volunteer plants;
Intercropping; Crop weed competition; Interspecific
competition; Crop yield
47 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
Component yields and quality of binary mixtures of lucerne and
perennial, Italian or short rotation hybrid ryegrass.
Jung, G.A.; Shaffer, J.A.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1993 Jun.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 48 (2): p. 118-125; 1993 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Cabt; Mixed pastures; Medicago
sativa; Lolium perenne; Hybrids; Lolium multiflorum; Phleum
pratense; Genotype mixtures; Provenance; Cultivars;
Tetraploidy; Cold resistance; Winter hardiness; Grass sward;
Persistence; Crop yield; Herbage; Dry matter; Yield
components; Crop quality; In vitro digestibility; Nutritive
value
48 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.D3C652
A computer model for field machinery selection under multiple
cropping. Haffar, I.; Khoury, R.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Sep.
Computers and electronics in agriculture v. 7 (3): p. 219-229;
1992 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Farm machinery; Selection; Computer simulation;
Simulation models; Multiple cropping; Microcomputers; Farm
size; Patterns; Cost analysis; Operating costs; Mathematical
models
49 NAL Call. No.: SB197.A1T7
Concentration and degradation of nitrogen and fibre fractions
in selected tropical grasses and legumes.
Brown, W.F.; Pitman, W.D.
St Lucia : Tropical Grassland Society of Australia; 1991 Sep.
Tropical grasslands v. 25 (3): p. 305-312; 1991 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Paspalum notatum; Hemarthria altissima;
Aeschynomene Americana; Indigofera hirsuta; Mixed pastures;
Crop mixtures; Crop quality; Forage; Nutritive value; Protein
content; Nitrogen content; Fiber content; In vitro
digestibility; Rumen flora; Microbial degradation
50 NAL Call. No.: aS627.C65C66 1992
Contour stripcropping Minnesota job sheet.. Minnesota job
sheet United States, Soil Conservation Service
St. Paul, Minn. : USDA Soil Conservation Service,; 1992; A
57.2:M 66/14. 1 sheet : col. ill ; 28 cm. Caption title.
June 1992. Shipping list no.: 92-0504-P.
Language: English
Descriptors: Contour farming; Soil conservation
51 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Conventional vs. no-till corn following alfalfa/grass: timing
of vegetation kill.
Smith, M.A.; Carter, P.R.; Imholte, A.A.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Sep.
Journal of the American Society of Agronomy v. 84 (5): p.
78-786; 1992 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Zea mays; Hybrids; No-tillage;
Rotations; Medicago sativa; Grasses; Crop mixtures;
Herbicides; Application date; Vegetation; Control; Tillage;
Systems; Sowing date; Plant residues; Growth; Responses; Soil
temperature; Soil water content; Seedling emergence; Yield
losses
Abstract: Producers who plant no-till corn (Zea mays L.)
following hay pasture are concerned about herbicide
application timing and efficiency to kill perennial
vegetation, plant residue effects on core growth, and optimal
corn planting date. A field study was conducted near
Arlington, WI, from 1985 to 1988 to evaluate the influences of
(i) conventional (CT) vs. no-till (NT), (ii) fall vs. spring
kill of perennial vegetation, (iii) late-April vs. mid-May
planting, and (iv) three hybrid maturities on corn following
legume/grass sod. Parameters measured include residue cover,
soil temperature, and soil moisture after planting; corn
emergence percentage; days to emergence; days to silk; grain
moisture; and grain yield. Tillage by time of vegetation kill
interactions were important for corn development and grain
yield. Few differences were observed between fall and spring
plowing in CT. For NT, however, chemically killing perennials
in the spring compared to in the fall resulted in greater
residue cover after planting (60-90% vs. 40%), and cooler and
drier soil in the seed zone after planting. Emergence was
delayed 1.5 to 4.0 d with spring-kill NT and subsequent
development was delayed throughout the growing season. Spring-
kill NT resulted in lower grain yields (-10 to -50%) compared
to fall-kill NT in 3 of 4 yr. For NT, when perennial
vegetation was killed in the fall and corn was planted early,
plant growth and grain yields were comparable to those for CT.
Fall-kill NT produced consistent growth and yield responses
during the study years, whereas spring-kill NT results were
more variable, with poorest results in the drought of 1988.
52 NAL Call. No.: 421 J822
Cool-season cover crops relay intercropped with cantaloupe:
influence on a generalist predator, Geocoris punctipes
(Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). Bugg, R.L.; Wackers, F.L.; Brunson,
K.E.; Dutcher, J.D.; Phatak, S.C. Lanham, Md. : Entomological
Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Journal of economic entomology v. 84 (2): p. 408-416; 1991
Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Cucumis melo; Cover crops; Insect
control; Intercropping; Predators of insect pests; Beneficial
insects; Density; Geocoris punctipes
Abstract: Cool-season cover crops were used in efforts to
enhance densities of entomophagous insects on relay-
intercropped spring plantings of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.
var. reticulatus Seringe). Eight cover-cropping regimes,
including a weedy fallow control, were tested in a replicated
trial. Cover crop significantly affected densities of the
predominant predator, a bigeyed bug, Geocoris punctipes (Say),
amid cover crops, on or near cantaloupe plants, and on or near
sentinel egg masses of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
(J. E. Smith) pinned to cantaloupe leaves. No significant
difference was found for proportions of egg masses occupied or
damaged by predators. For all indices of predator abundance
and efficiency, absolute responses were highest for the plots
of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L., 'Mt.
Barker'). Numbers of G. punctipes per sentinel egg mass were
significantly greater for the subterranean clover regime than
for rye, crimson clover, and a polyculture of six cover crops,
but were not significantly greater than for 'Vantage' vetch or
the weedy fallow control plots. Rye showed particularly low
densities of G. punctipes. Cover crops had no apparent effect
on densities of aphids or whiteflies (Homoptera: Aphididae,
Aleyrodidae) on cantaloupe leaves.
53 NAL Call. No.: S540.A2F62
Corn forage and forage sorghum double cropping yield,
economics, crop nutrient removal, and quality.
Gallaher, R.N.; Ford, S.A.; McSorley, R.; Bennett, J.M.
Gainesville, Fla. : The Stations; 1991.
Agronomy research report AY - Agricultural Experiment
Stations, University of Florida (91-05): 14 p.; 1991.
Includes statistical data. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Zea mays; Sorghum; Sorghum bicolor x
sorghum sudanense; Cultivars; Double cropping; Crop
production; Cost analysis; Nutrient uptake; Statistics
54 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Corn growth following cover crops: influence of cereal
cultivar, cereal removal, and nitrogen rate.
Tollenaar, M.; Mihajlovic, M.; Vyn, T.J.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993
Mar. Agronomy journal v. 85 (2): p. 251-255; 1993 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Cabt; Zea mays; Cover crops; Double
cropping; Secale cereale; Cultivars; Triticum aestivum; Crop
residues; Nitrogen fertilizers; Application rates; Biomass
production; Dry matter accumulation; Moisture content; Plant
height; Crop yield
Abstract: Rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crops often delay
development and reduce yield of corn (Zea mays L.). A 3-yr
study (1982-1984) was conducted to investigate the influence
of four rye cultivars and one wheat Triticum aestivum L.)
cultivar, rate of N application in the spring, and removal of
above-ground cereal phytomass on growth and development of
corn. Experiments were carried out at the Elora Research
Station, Ontario, in a split-plot design with two N levels
(145 and 220 kg ha-1) and five cereal cultivars as main plots,
and cereal phytomass removal or retention as sub-plots. Cereal
cultivars were planted in September after corn harvest and
corn was planted in the spring. Corn leaf number and height
were monitored during early corn development and whole-plant
dry matter and moisture of corn were measured in September.
The response of corn dry matter accumulation to cereal cover
crop cultivar, N rate, and above-ground cereal phytomass
varied among the 3 yr the study was conducted. Cereal
phytomass was largest in 1993 and the impact of the cereal
cover crop on corn growth and development was largest during
this year. In contrast, the impact of cereal cultivar on corn
was not associated with phytomass production among the five
cereal cultivars. The effects of cereal cultivar cover crop on
corn growth and development were largest for the rye cultivar
Kodiak and the wheat cultivar Gordon, but these cultivars
ranked third and fifth, respectively, in above-ground
phytomass production in the spring. Increased N application
could partially overcome the reduction in corn growth and
development due to the cereal cultivars Kodiak and Gordon, but
this was not the case for the other cereal cultivars. Removal
of above-ground cereal phytomass before corn planting
generally did not influence the delay in development and
reduction in yield of the subsequent corn crop. In conclusion,
the reduction in corn dry matter accumulation in response to
cereal cover crops is a complex phenomenon, involving quantity
of cereal residue, cereal cultivar and, occasionally, N
application.
55 NAL Call. No.: 100 T25F
Corn hybrids evaluated in pure stands, mixtures, and paired
rows. Graves, C.R.; West, D.R.; Kincer, D.R.; Harrison, M.;
Bradley, J. Knoxville, Tenn. : The Station; 1992.
Tennessee farm and home science : progress report - Tennessee
Agricultural Experiment Station (163): p. 23-27; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Hybrids; Variety trials; Moisture;
Stress; Pollination; Flowering; Maturation; Mixed cropping;
Crop yield
56 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6
Cotton root and aboveground development with intercropped and
conventional production systems.
Porter, P.M.; Khalilian, A.; Bathke, G.R.; Hood, C.E.
Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1992.
Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences v. 3: p. 1078-1081;
1992. Paper presented at the Cotton Physiology Conference,
1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium; Cropping systems
57 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Crimson clover management to enhance reseeding and no-till
corn grain production.
Ranells, N.N.; Wagger, M.G.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1993 Jan.
Agronomy journal v. 85 (1): p. 62-67; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zea mays; Cover crops; Trifolium incarnatum; No-
tillage; Resowing; Strip cropping; Row orientation; Crop
yield; Grain; Growth rate; Soil water content
Abstract: Economic savings and increased legume-N use
efficiency may result from natural reseeding of winter annual
legume cover crops. A 3-yr experiment was conducted on a Cecil
fine sandy loam (clayey, kaolinitic, thermic Typic
Kanhapludult) to examine the effects of crimson clover
(Trifolium incarnatum L.) strip desiccation width (25, 50, and
75% of row area) and orientation (parallel or perpendicular to
plant row) on soil water depletion, corn (Zea mays L.) growth
and grain yield, and clover reseeding. Additional treatments
included early desiccation (25% parallel strip 2 wk before
corn planting), annual seeding (complete desiccation at corn
planting), and mechanical disruption of clover growth by the
no-tillage planter. Early-season soil water was lower in
annual seeded plots compared to the 25% strip treatments each
year, however, soil water was limiting in only one of 3 yr.
Crimson clover successfully reseeded in all strip treatments
each year, with dry matter production ranging from 3.0 to 5.2
Mg ha-1 in 1990 and from 3.9 to 5.2 Mg ha-1 in 1991. Nitrogen
content of reseeded crimson clover biomass ranged from 86 to
134 kg ha-1 in 1990 and 93 to 111 kg ha-1 in 1991. Corn grain
yield was only marginally affected by clover strip management
in two out of 3 yr. Results suggest that under adequate
moisture conditions a 50% desiccated strip has the potential
to maximize clover N contribution. However, a 75% strip-width
can minimize potential competition with corn for water and
reduce physical impedance of the clover cover crop on corn
growth.
58 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E23
Crop rotation and intercropping strategies for weed
management. Liebman, M.; Dyck, E.
Tempe, Ariz. : Ecological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Ecological applications v. 3 (1): p. 92-122; 1993 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Cultural weed control; Weed biology;
Rotations; Intercropping; Seed banks; Plant density; Crop weed
competition; Allelopathy
59 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Crop rotation and tillage effects on corn growth and soil
structural stability.
Raimbault, B.A.; Vyn, T.J.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Nov.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (6): p. 979-985; 1991 Nov. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Rotations; Medicago sativa;
Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; Trifolium pratense;
Continuous cropping; Sequential cropping; Intercropping;
Tillage; Minimum tillage; Crop yield; Grain; Growth rate; Soil
structure; Aggregates; Stability; Long term experiments
Abstract: Increasing concerns about soil degradation with
continuous corn (Zea mays L.) production and a scarcity of
scientific information regarding corn grown in rotation with
the diversity of crops produced in Ontario, prompted a long
term study on the effect of various crop rotations and their
interaction with two tillage systems on corn growth and soil
structure. Eight rotations were established in 1980 which
included continuous corn, six rotations comprised of 2 yr of
corn following 2 yr of another crop or crop sequence, and
continuous alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Each rotation was
divided into either conventional tillage (fall moldboard plow)
or minimum tillage (fall chisel plow). First-year corn grown
in rotation yielded 3.9% more than continuous corn for
conventional tillage and 7.9% more than continuous corn for
minimum tillage. These corn responses to rotation were smaller
than most of those reported in the literature. When barley
(Hordeum vulgare L.) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were the
preceding crops, interseeding red clover (Trifolium pratense
L.) increased first year corn yields only on conventionally
tilled plots. Corn plant development was consistently slower
with minimum tillage compared to conventional tillage. Yields
were significantly lower with minimum tillage for continuous
corn and where corn followed wheat interseeded with red
clover. Little or no response to rotation was observed in
second-year corn. The seedbed with continuous corn had a lower
proportion of fine aggregates compared to corn grown in
rotation. In most years soil aggregate stability was highest
under continuous alfalfa and including a legume (whether
alfalfa or interseeded red clover) in the rotation improved
aggregate stability compared to continuous corn.
60 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3
Cropping system and consolidation effects on rill erosion in
the Georgia piedmont.
West, L.T.; Miller, W.P.; Bruce, R.R.; Langdale, G.W.; Laflen,
J.M.; Thomas, A.W.
Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (4): p.
1238-1243; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Glycine max; Sorghum bicolor; Trifolium
incarnatum; No-tillage; Tillage; Comparisons; Continuous
cropping; Double cropping; Surface layers; Horizons;
Modification; Rill erosion; Erodibility; Temporal variation;
Shear
Abstract: Consolidation and changes in surface horizon
properties induced by no-tillage may reduce soil loss to
levels beyond those attributable to surface residue alone. To
evaluate effects of consolidation and surface horizon
modification induced by long-term no-tillage on rill
erodibility and critical hydraulic shear, simulated rainfall
and inflow were applied to plots managed under conventionally
tilled monocropped soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.],
conventionally tilled monocropped grain sorghum [Sorghum
bicolor (L.) Moench], and no till double cropped crimson
clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and grain sorghum at three
sites with differing surface horizon clay contents. All
surface residue was removed prior to rainfall simulation, and
conventionally tilled cropping systems were evaluated in both
consolidated and freshly tilled conditions. Increases in
organic C from 9.3 to 12.9 g kg-1 and water-stable aggregates
from 50 to 76% induced by no-tillage resulted in a 60 to 70%
decrease in Kr for the no-till system, compared with
conventionally tilled systems. No differences in Kr were
observed for the two conventionally tilled systems. No
differences in critical hydraulic shear were observed among
the tillage systems. Consolidation within the conventionally
tilled treatments reduced Kr by approximately 60%, from that
observed for freshly tilled soil. The reduction was attributed
to greater resistance to detachment by flow associated with
soil strength increases due to consolidation. Differences in
Kr and critical hydraulic shear among the sites were small and
were not readily explained by any of the soil properties
evaluated. These results indicate that consolidation and
modification of surface soil properties under no-till cropping
systems are important factors that contribute to reduced rill
soil loss observed under no-tillage.
61 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Cropping systems for clay soils: irrigated and nonirrigated
soybean rotated with corn and sorghum.
Heatherly, L.G.; Wesley, R.A.; Elmore, C.D.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Apr.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (2): p. 248-253; 1992
Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Glycine max; Zea mays; Sorghum
bicolor; Triticum aestivum; Crop yield; Seeds; Grain;
Rotations; Continuous cropping; Monoculture; Irrigated
conditions; Dry farming; Clay soils; Double cropping
62 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Cropping systems for spring and winter cereals under simulated
pasture: Sward structure.
Baron, V.S.; Najda, H.G.; Salmon, D.F.; Pearen, J.R.; Dick,
A.C. Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada, 1957-; 1993
Oct.
Canadian journal of plant science v. 73 (4): p. 947-959; 1993
Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alberta; Cabt; Avena sativa; Hordeum vulgare;
Triticum aestivum; Triticale; Crop production; Crop yield;
Yield components; Continuous cropping; Intercropping; Double
cropping; Grass sward; Stand structure; Spring and winter
habit
63 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Damage by pod-sucking bugs on cowpea when intercropped with
maize. Gethi, M.; Khaemba, B.M.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Jul.
Tropical pest management v. 37 (3): p. 236-239; 1991 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kenya; Clavigralla tomentosicollis; Clavigralla;
Vigna unguiculata; Zea mays; Insect pests; Infestation; Pods;
Crop yield; Crop damage; Intercrops; Intercropping; Spatial
variation; Fields; Cultural control; Pest control
64 NAL Call. No.: HD1.A3
A decision model for variety mixtures to control yellow rust
on winter wheat. Yong, L.; Zadoks, J.C.
Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1992.
Agricultural systems v. 38 (1): p. 17-33; 1992. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Puccinia striiformis; Triticum; Varieties; Crop
mixtures; Disease control; Decision making; Simulation models;
Frequency dependent selection; Stability; Races; Disease
models; Plant pathogens; Evaluation; Optimization; Disease
resistance
65 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6
Decomposition of sorghum residue in a double-crop sorghum and
wheat system. Wilson, D.O.; Raymer, P.L.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Aug.
Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (8): p. 789-793; 1992 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Sorghum bicolor; Cultivars; Triticum
aestivum; Double cropping; Crop residues; Decomposition;
Incorporation; Temporal variation; Dry matter; Nitrogen;
Losses from soil systems; Carbon-nitrogen ratio; Ultisols
Abstract: An understanding of crop residue decomposition
patterns is fundamental to the efficient management of
residue, particularly in double-cropping systems. In a 3-yr
study conducted at Plains, Ga, decomposition of residue from
three grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] cultivars
buried in mesh (53-micrometer) bags at two different times was
monitored for 160-225 d, depending on the year. No consistent
differences in decomposition patterns among the cultivars were
apparent. Residue dry matter and N loss from both Burial 1
(immediately after sorghum grain harvest) and Burial 2 [prior
to planting wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell), about 50 d
after Burial 1] followed exponential patterns. During the
interval between Burial 1 and Burial 2, slower decomposition
of the standing residue resulted in Burial 2 residue being
reduced to means of 77 and 84% of the original dry matter and
N values, respectively; whereas, mean values for the buried
Burial 1 residue had declined to 50 and 76% for original dry
matter and N, respectively. However, by 225 d after Burial 1,
both residues had very similar relative dry matter and N
values. At 225 d, the mean relative dry matter remaining for
Burial 1 and Burial 2 residues were 36 and 33%, respectively.
The mean relative N remaining at 225 d for Burial 1 and Burial
2 residues were 67 and 64%, respectively. The C-to-N ratio of
the residue decreased linearly with time from an initial mean
of 33.3 to a mean of 15.8 after 225 d of decomposition. The
results demonstrate that sorghum residue is readily decomposed
in soils of the southeastern U.S.A.
66 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Decreasing rates of nonselective herbicides in double-crop no-
till soybeans (Glycine max).
Moseley, C.M.; Hagood, E.S. Jr
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1991 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 5 (1): p. 198-201; 1991 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Virginia; Glycine max; Double cropping; No-
tillage; Weed control; Chemical control; Chlorimuron; Linuron;
Glyphosate; Paraquat; Herbicide mixtures; Digitaria
sanguinalis; Application rates
67 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6
Denitrification in grass and forest vegetated filter strips.
Groffman, P.M.; Axelrod, E.A.; Lemunyon, J.L.; Sullivan, W.M.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jul.
Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (3): p. 671-674; 1991
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rhode Island; Strip cropping; Grass strips;
Festuca arundinacea; Phalaris arundinacea; Quercus; Acer
rubrum; Denitrification; Soil types; Soil ph
Abstract: Denitrification was measured in two grass and two
forest vegetated filter strips (VFS) in Rhode Island. The
grass plots were established on a well-drained soil and were
planted to either tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) or reed
canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea). One forest site was on an
excessively well-drained soil and was dominated by oak
(Quercus sp.), and the other was on a poorly drained soil and
was dominated by red maple (Acer rubrum). Denitrification was
measured using soil cores under aerobic and anaerobic
conditions with a range of treatments: no amendment,
acetylene, water, nitrate (NO3(-)), NO3(-) plus C. Unamended
rates of denitrification were low in all plots. Nitrate and
NO3(-)-plus-C amended rates were consistently higher in the
grass plots than in the forest plots. Nitrate-plus carbon-
amended rates were higher than NO3(-)-amended rates in all
plots, but the differences were significant (P less than 0.05)
in the forest plots only. Denitrification enzyme activity
(DEA) was measured in 14 additional forest sites of varying
natural drainage classes and was related to soil moisture (r2
= 0.56, P less than 0.01) and pH (r2 = 0.43, P less than 0.01)
at these sites. The results suggest that the ability of VFS to
support denitrification varies strongly with vegetation, soil
type and pH, and that denitrification in VFS may be amenable
to management.
68 NAL Call. No.: SB317.5.H68
Developing an effective southernpea and sweet corn intercrop
system. Francis, R.; Decoteau, D.R.
Alexandria, VA : American Society for Horticultural Science,
c1991-; 1993 Apr. HortTechnology v. 3 (2): p. 178-184; 1993
Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Carolina; Cabt; Zea mays; Vigna
unguiculata; Intercropping; Light relations; Crop density;
Crop yield; Monoculture; Nitrogen fertilizers; Application
rates
69 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Development of double-crop soybean under different soil water
regimes. Pearce, R.C.; Grabau, L.J.; Grove, J.H.; Lin, H.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993
May. Agronomy journal v. 85 (3): p. 576-583; 1993 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kentucky; Cabt; Glycine max; Double cropping;
Triticum aestivum; Soil water content; Crop growth stage;
Sowing date; Crop yield; Seeds; Rain; Dry conditions; Water
stress; Drought; Growth rate
Abstract: Double-crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]
comprises nearly one-third of the total soybean hectarage in
the southeastern USA. This study was initiated to investigate
the water relations of soybean following winter wheat
[Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Thell], with emphasis on the
role of stored soil water. A treatment scheme was devised in
which wheat was killed at heading, mid-grain fill, and
maturity, resulting in three different levels of stored soil
water at soybean planting. In 1986, soil water levels at
planting were 26.0, 23.1 and 21.4 cm of water in the 0.9-m
profile, respectively. A relatively dry early summer resulted
in poor soybean stands and slow early growth; however,
rainfall was well distributed during the latter half of the
growing season. Soybean yields in 1986 were 2.76, 1.60, and
0.44 Mg ha(-1, respectively. Initial soil water levels in 1987
were 31.1, 27.5, and 25.1 cm of water in the 0.9-m profile. A
wet early summer resulted in good stands and vigorous early
growth, but a late summer drought caused severe stress during
the reproductive growth period. Soybean yields recorded in
1987 were 0.97, 0.54, and 0.30 Mg ha(-1, respectively'. In
1989, soil water levels at planting were 33.1, 34.3, and 31.6
cm and associated yields were 1.51, 1.81, and 1.11 Mg ha(-1).
Rainfall was above average and well distributed during the
1989 season. Within each of the years there was a positive
relationship between soil water level at planting and yield of
double-crop soybean; however, between years the amount and
distribution of rainfall had a more dominant influence on
yield than did soil water level at planting.
70 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C
The development of spatial pattern in shoots of Linaria
vulgaris (Scrophulariaceae) growing on fallow land or in a
barley crop. Nadeau, L.B.; Dale, M.R.T.; King, J.R.
Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Nov.
Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v.
69 (1): p. 2539-2544; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alberta; Linaria vulgaris; Shoots; Developmental
stages; Spatial distribution; Growth; Fallow; Companion crops;
Hordeum vulgare; Plant density; Seasonal variation; Weed
biology; Stand establishment
71 NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67
Differential response of Fe-efficient corn and Fe-inefficient
corn and oat to phytosiderophore released by Fe-efficient
Coker 227 oat.
Jolley, V.D.; Brown, J.C.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Journal of plant nutrition v. 14 (1): p. 45-58; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Avena sativa; Zea mays; Iron; Nutrient uptake;
Mineral deficiencies; Stress; Siderophores; Cultivars; Crop
mixtures; Nutrient availability; Solubilization; Mineral
content; Ferric ions; Chlorosis; Leaves; Genotype mixtures
Abstract: Iron-efficient Coker 227 oat responds to Fe-
deficiency stress by producing a phytosiderophore that
solubilizes Fe while Fe-inefficient TAM 0-312 does not. WF9
and ys1 corn are also Fe efficient and inefficient,
respectively, but neither produce much phytosiderophore during
Fe-deficiency stress. The objective of this study was to
determine if phytosiderophore released by Fe-deficiency
stressed Coker 227 oat would increase the availability of Fe
to TAM 0-312 oat, WF9 corn, or ys1 corn. These cultivars were
grown in a modified Steinberg solution with 1.2 mg/L Fe and in
ratios of (Coker:TAM) 28:0, 21:7, 14:14, 7:21, and 0:28 and
(Coker:corn) of 28:0, 21:1. 14:2. 7:3 and 0:4. Daily chlorosis
ratings and periodic measurements of leaf and root Fe contents
and phytosiderophore release were determined. Iron solubilized
by the phytosiderophore released by Fe-stressed Coker 227 oat
made Fe available to WF9 corn at the 21:1 and 14:2 Coker:WF9
ratios as reflected in chlorosis ratings and leaf Fe contents,
but ys1 was incapable of obtaining Fe at any of the ratios.
TAM 0-312 oat was less efficient in obtaining Fe from Fe-
phytosiderophore than was WF9 corn. As the ratio of Coker:WF9
and Coker:TAM decreased, Coker 227 oat either became more
cholorotic and/or leaf Fe declined, but this did not occur
with Coker 227 growing with ys1 corn. Thus, ability to absorb
Fe from Fe-phytosiderophore released by Fe-stressed Coker 227
oat was in the order WF9 corn > TAM 0-312 oat > ys1 corn.
72 NAL Call. No.: S592.17.A73A74
Dinitrogen fixation and transfer in legume-crested wheatgrass
mixtures on semiarid rangelands.
Gebhart, D.L.; Call, C.A.; Weaver, R.W.
Washington, DC : Taylor & Francis; 1993 Jan.
Arid soil research and rehabilitation v. 7 (1): p. 1-13; 1993
Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Utah; Agropyron cristatum; Agropyron desertorum;
Crosses; Medicago sativa; Melilotus alba; Interplanting;
Ratios; Rangelands; Nitrogen fixation; Transfer; Nitrogen; Dry
matter accumulation; Nutrient content; Site factors; Seasonal
variation; Semiarid climate
73 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883
Dinitrogen fixation, nitrogen transfer, and productivity of
forage legume-grass communities.
Heichel, G.H.; Henjum, K.I.
Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1991 Jan.
Crop science v. 31 (1): p. 202-208; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Medicago sativa; Lotus corniculatus; Trifolium
pratense; Trifolium repens; Phalaris arundinacea; Rhizobium;
Nitrogen fixation; Mixed pastures; Nutrient availability;
Nitrogen content; Nitrogen cycle; Dry matter accumulation;
Crop yield
Abstract: The extent of N2 fixation in legume-grass mixtures
grown in the northcentral USA and the importance of legume to
grass N transfer are not well understood. The objective of
this 4-yr field experiment was to determine seasonal N2
fixation and N transfer by stable isotope methods in swards of
alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus
corniculatus L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and
ladino white clover (T. repens L.) with reed canarygrass
(Phalaris arundinacea L.). Alfalfa in mixture with grass fixed
the most N2 per season (82 to 254 kg N ha-1) and ladino white
clover the least (1 to 20 kg N ha-1). For all mixtures except
birdsfoot trefoilgrass, fixation was greatest during Year 2 of
the stands. The proportion of legume N from symbiotic fixation
increased progressively from Year 1 through 4 and averaged
>93% for all legumes in Year 4. Legume to grass N transfer was
greatest in Year 2 of the stands and averaged approximately
36% of grass N across all mixtures. On a land area basis, N
transfer in Year 2 ranged from 29 to 53 kg N ha-1 and was
greatest for the ladino white clover-grass mixture. The
decline in N transfer in Years 3 and 4 was associated with a
loss in sward legume content, reduced whole-plant dry matter
accumulation in legume and grass, and large losses in root-
plus-crown dry matter accumulation by grass in Year 4. The
results indicate that forage legumes in mixture with grass are
virtually self-sufficient for N and can concurrently transfer
appreciable N to the companion grass.
74 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Double cropping and interplanting: January 1989-May 1991.
Gates, J.P.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Jul.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture,
National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-122): 43 p.; 1991
Jul. Updates QB 89-97. Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Double cropping; Interplanting; Bibliographies
75 NAL Call. No.: 309.9 N216
Double planting of collard greens and watermelons with two
types of plastic mulches and VisPore row cover.
Khan, V.A.; Stevens, C.; Lu, J.Y.; Brown, J.E.; Rhoden, E.G.;
Wilson, M.A.; Kabwe, M.K.; Haung, Z.
St. Augustine, FL : American Society for Plasticulture; 1991.
Proceedings of the ... National Agricultural Plastics Congress
(23rd): p. 134-138; 1991. Meeting held Sept. 29 - Oct. 3,
1991, Mobile, Alabama. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Brassica oleracea; Citrullus lanatus; Double
cropping; Plastic film; Covers
76 NAL Call. No.: S671.A66
Double-cropping interseeding system for wheat, soybeans, and
cotton. Hood, C.E.; Khalilian, A.; Palmer, J.H.; Garner, T.H.;
Garrett, T.R.; Hayes, J.C.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural
Engineers; 1991 Sep. Applied engineering in agriculture v. 7
(5): p. 530-536; 1991 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Glycine max; Gossypium
hirsutum; Double cropping; Interplanting; Intercropping;
Planters
Abstract: Double-cropping planting schemes and equipment have
been developed and successfully tested for interseeding
(intercropping) soybeans and cotton in standing wheat. The
system accommodates annual controlled-traffic planting,
fertilization, chemical application, and crop harvesting. A
versatile toolbar design allows for mounting seeding
components to minimize damage to the wheat crop during the
interseeding operation. Yield results for coastal plain soils
of die southeast indicate that wheat, soybean, and cotton
yields are usually higher than with conventional double-
cropping methods. Major advantages include a reduction in
energy for deep tillage, elimination of wheat straw burning,
and a reduction in herbicide usage.
77 NAL Call. No.: S79.E8
Doublecropping systems for soybean and beef production.
Hovermale, C.H.; Davis, J.D.; St. Louis, D.G.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1992 Apr.
Technical bulletin - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry
Experiment Station (181): 8 p.; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Glycine max; Beef cattle; Double
cropping; Grazing; No-tillage; Aerial sowing; Crop yield;
Stocking rate
78 NAL Call. No.: FUS603.7.H621 1992
Double-cropping vegetables on polyethylene-mulched beds.
Hochmuth, George J.
Gainesville, Fla. : Florida Cooperative Extension Service,
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of
Florida,; 1992.
[6] p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. SP 109. March 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (p. [6]).
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Double cropping; Mulching; Vegetables
79 NAL Call. No.: SB191.R5I59
Dual-purpose legumes in the rainfed lowland rice-based system
in the Philippines.
Ahmed, N.U.; Hildebrand, P.E.; Carangal, V.R.
Manila : The Institute; 1991 Aug.
IRRI research paper series - International Rice Research
Institute (146): 13 p.; 1991 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Philippines; Oryza sativa; Dry farming; Lowland
areas; Intercropping; Vigna unguiculata; Vigna radiata;
Cajanus cajan; Monoculture; No-tillage; Plowing; Harrowing;
Soil water content; Water stress; Growth rate; Crop yield;
Grain; Profitability; Productivity; Returns; Multiple use;
Fodder crops; Grain crops
80 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W412
Dynamics of competition between wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and
winter cereals. Cousens, R.D.; Weaver, S.E.; Martin, T.D.;
Blair, A.M.; Wilson, J. Oxford : Blackwell Scientific
Publications; 1991 Aug.
Weed research v. 31 (4): p. 203-210; 1991 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uk; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; Hordeum
vulgare; Crop weed competition; Avena fatua; Monoculture; Crop
mixtures; Growth rate; Crop establishment; Plant height; Dry
matter accumulation; Leaf area
81 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63
The dynamics of different organic and inorganic phosphorus
fractions in soils from the south of Santa Fe Province,
Argentina.
Vazquez, M.E.; Noellemeyer, E.; Coremberg, P.
New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1991.
Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 22
(11/12): p. 1151-1163; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Argentina; Inorganic phosphorus; Organophosphorus
compounds; Nutrient availability; Soil types (genetic);
Nutrient uptake; Nutrient content; Mineral content;
Lycopersicon esculentum; Pastures; Mixed pastures; Fields;
Fertilizer requirement determination; Dry matter accumulation
82 NAL Call. No.: 100 L93 (3)
Economics of enterprise selection and whole farm decision
making the Louisiana rice growing areas.
Heagler, A.M.; Giesler, G.G.
Crowley, La. : The Station; 1991.
Annual research report - Louisiana Agricultural Experiment
Station (83rd): p. 325-329; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Oryza sativa; Cost benefit analysis;
Crop production; Decision making; Double cropping; Farm
budgeting
83 NAL Call. No.: HM206.A1H8
The economics of monocropping and intercropping by
smallholders: the case of coconuts in Indonesia.
Godoy, R.; Bennett, C.P.A.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Mar.
Human ecology v. 19 (1): p. 83-98; 1991 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Indonesia; Coconuts; Continuous cropping;
Intercropping; Profitability; Small farms; Returns; Case
studies
84 NAL Call. No.: 26 T754
Economics returns from yam/maize intercrops with various stake
densities in a high-rainfall area.
Ndegwe, N.A.
London : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Apr.
Tropical agriculture v. 69 (2): p. 171-175; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Dioscorea rotundata; Zea mays;
Intercropping; Production costs; Staking; Yield components
85 NAL Call. No.: SB327.A1B5
Ecophysiological observations within the Phaseolus coccineus
complex. Castellanos, A.E.; Martinez, D.
Fort Collins, Colo : Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State
University; 1992. Annual report of the Bean Improvement
Cooperative v. 35: p. 209-210; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mexico; Phaseolus coccineus; Zea mays; Plant
water relations; Crop production; Intercropping
86 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
Effect of grazing, spraying, and seeding on knapweed in
British Columbia. Maxwell, J.F.; Drinkwater, R.; Clark, D.;
Hall, J.W.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Mar.
Journal of range management v. 45 (2): p. 180-182; 1992 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: British Columbia; Centaurea diffusa; Weed
control; Rangelands; Chemical control; Picloram; Biological
control; Grazing effects; Cattle; Plant competition; Crop
mixtures; Medicago sativa; Agropyron cristatum;
Psathyrostachys juncea; Sown grasslands
Abstract: The effects of late fall grazing, application of
picloram (4 amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid),
and seeding on the reinfestation by knapweed (Centaurea
diffusa Lam.) were investigated on a knapweed-infested
grassland range in southern British Columbia. The seeding
treatments were an unseeded control, crested wheatgrass
(Agropyron cristatum L.), Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys
junceus (Fisch.) Nevski)), 'Drylander' alfalfa (Medicago
sativa L.), and a rangeland seed mix. The spraying treatment
was applied (0.56 kg a.i. per ha.) to only the unseeded
control, Russian wildrye, and crested wheatgrass treatments.
Re-establishment of knapweed and establishment of seeded and
indigenous species were observed over 4 years. Knapweed cover
never exceeded 10% on sprayed plots but ranged from 35% to 60%
on unsprayed plots. Knapweed cover was greater on unsprayed
grazed plots and re-establishment was more rapid on sprayed
grazed plots than on ungrazed ones. Seeding produced little
difference in knapweed cover but crested wheatgrass and
rangeland mix (which contained crested wheatgrass) had the
lowest coverage of knapweed on unsprayed plots. Russian
wildrye did not establish and this failure plus the
disturbance created by seeding provided ideal conditions for a
surge of knapweed growth. No differences in knapweed cover
were detected among seeding treatments on sprayed plots. It is
concluded that spraying is far more important than seeding for
controlling knapweed, and grazing pressure must be carefully
controlled to prolong the effects of treatment.
87 NAL Call. No.: S451.M9M9
Effect of harvest management and nurse crop on production of
five small-seeded legumes.
Welty, L.E.; Westcott, M.P.; Prestbye, L.S.; Knox, M.L.
Bozeman, Mont. : The Station; 1991.
Montana agresearch - Montana Agricultural Experiment Station,
Montana University v. 8 (1): p. 11-17; 1991. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Green manures; Trifolium alexandrinum;
Medicago sativa; Trifolium resupinatum; Companion crops; Avena
sativa; Harvesting; Management
88 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Effect of inter-cropping on the incidence of potato tuber
moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller).
Lal, L.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Aug.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 36 (3/4): p.
185-190; 1991 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Phthorimaea operculella; Solanum tuberosum;
Intercropping; Larvae; Infestation; Pest management
89 NAL Call. No.: GB611.A3
Effect of intercropping patterns of forage cowpeas with two
types of grain sorghum on growth, yield and quality.
Abdel Gawad, A.M.; Seif, A.S.; Bashir, M.I.
Chur, Switzerland : Harwood Academic Publishers; 1991.
Advances in desert and arid land technology and development v.
5: p. 407-421; 1991. In series analytic: Desert Development,
Part 1: Desert Agriculture, Ecology and Biology / edited by A.
Bishay and H. Dregne. Proceedings of the Second International
Desert Development Conference, held Jan 25-31, 1987, Cairo,
Egypt. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Grain; Sorghum; Vigna unguiculata; Intercropping;
Growth; Crop yield; Crop quality
90 NAL Call. No.: S31.T84
The effect of intercropping sweetpotato and okra on yield
efficiency. Rhoden, E.G.; Bonsi, C.K.; Khan, V.A.
Tuskegee, Ala. : Sch. of Agric. & Home Econ., Tuskegee Univ.,
George Wash. Carver Agric. Exp. Stn; 1991.
Tuskegee horizons v. 2 (2): p. 27; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Ipomoea batatas; Abelmoschus esculentus;
Intercropping; Crop yield
91 NAL Call. No.: 10 EX72
Effect of mixed row cropping of early and late maturing rice
varieties on crop productivity under intermediate deepwater
conditions.
Reddy, M.D.; Sharma, A.R.; Panda, M.M.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Jan.
Experimental agriculture v. 27 (1): p. 79-85; 1991 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Oryza sativa; Deep water rice; Inbred
lines; Mixed cropping; Varieties; Yield components; Crop
yield; Lowland areas
92 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Effect of mono and mixed culture of tall fescue and birdsfoot
trefoil on yield and quality.
Beuselinck, P.R.; Sleper, D.A.; Bughrara, S.S.; Roberts, C.A.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 84 (2): p. 133-137; 1992 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Lotus corniculatus;
Monoculture; Crop mixtures; Cultivars; Habit; Genotype
mixtures; Mixed cropping; Crop yield; Herbage; Crop quality;
Fiber content; In vitro digestibility; Crude protein;
Interspecific competition; Plant competition
Abstract: Growth habit of grass and legume cultivars may
affect their competitiveness, yield, and herbage quality in
grass-legume mixes. The objective of this research was to
examine herbage yield and quality of mixed cultures of tall
fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb.) genotypes and birdsfoot
trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) cultivars with contrasting
growth habits. High (HLAER) and low (LLAER) leaf-area-
expansion-rate tall fescue populations and prostrate ('Dawn')
and upright ('Viking') birdsfoot trefoil cultivars were used.
Eight treatments comprising monocultures of the four entries
(HLAER, LLAER, Dawn, Viking) and 1:1 mixed cultures of each
possible interspecific combination of the entries were
transplanted into field plots in June 1983 and harvested at a 3-
or 6-wk frequency in 1984 and 1985. Mixed cultures were hand-
separated into tall fescue and birdsfoot trefoil components
prior to drying. Herbage dry weight (DWT), in vitro dry matter
digestibility (IVDMD), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent
fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were measured.
Mixtures of tall fescue and birdsfoot trefoil were moderately
compatible regardless of growth form of species. When grown in
mixed cultures, yield of tall fescue and birdsfoot trefoil was
reduced by interspecific competition. Growth form of either
species did not appear to affect DWT of mixed cultures.
Herbage yield of tall fescue and birdsfoot trefoil was
influenced by harvest frequency. Yield and quality of tall
fescue-birdsfoot trefoil mixed cultures can be greater than
monocultured tall fescue.
93 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Effect of N and P fertilizer on establishment of alfalfa with
a wheat companion crop.
Bittman, S.; Pulkinen, D.A.; Waddington, J.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1991 Jan.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de
phytotechnie v. 71 (1): p. 105-113; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Medicago varia; Crop establishment;
Growth; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers; Sowing
date; Crop yield; Companion crops; Triticum aestivum; Seeds;
Protein content
94 NAL Call. No.: S79 .E3
Effect of rate and date of ammonium nitrate application on
yield of ryegrass. Hovermale, C.H.
State College, Miss. : Mississippi State University,
Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, 1970-; 1993 Feb.
Bulletin (992): 10 p.; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lolium; Ammonium nitrate; Application rates;
Application date; Crop yield; Legumes; Interplanting; Nitrogen
fixation; Costs; Returns
95 NAL Call. No.: HD1773.A3N6
Effect of risk preferences on incorporation of double-crop
soybeans into traditional rotations.
Harper, J.K.; Williams, J.R.; Burton, R.O. Jr; Kelley, K.W.
East Lansing, Mich. : Michigan State University; 1991 Jul.
Review of agricultural economics v. 13 (2): p. 185-200; 1991
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kansas; Soybeans; Wheat; Sorghum; Double
cropping; Farm management; Risk; Decision making; Innovation
adoption; Returns; Market prices; Crop yield; Production
costs; Federal programs; Interest rates; Target prices;
Mathematical models
Abstract: Six enterprise combinations, four including a
double-crop sequence of wheat followed immediately after
harvest by soybeans, were evaluated for southeastern Kansas
given the requirements for participation in the government
commodity program. Stochastic dominance analysis was used to
select the preferred combination under six different classes
of risk preferences. A two-year sequence of wheat double-
cropped with soybeans followed by full-season soybeans was the
preferred combination for all classes of risk preferences
analyzed. Sensitivity analysis indicated that if labor,
machinery, or field time constraints limit the number of acres
of double-cropped soybeans and/or if farm yields are
sufficiently less than those included in the data set, results
would either favor rotations that do not double-crop or those
that double-crop less than the maximum number of acres each
year.
96 NAL Call. No.: 26 T754
Effect of row arrangement on yield and yield advantages in
sorghum/finger millet intercrops.
Ssekabembe, C.K.
Guildford : Butterworth Scientific; 1991 Jan.
Tropical agriculture v. 68 (1): p. 19-22; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uganda; Sorghum bicolor; Eleusine coracana; Crop
yield; Intercrops; Plant density
97 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
Effect of ryegrass endophyte in mixed swards of perennial
ryegrass and white clover under two levels or irrigation and
pesticide treatment. Lewis, G.C.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1992 Sep.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 47 (3): p. 302-305; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uk; Cabt; Grass sward; Lolium perenne; Trifolium
repens; Mixed pastures; Endophytes; Acremonium; Crop yield;
Herbage; Irrigation scheduling; Carbosulfan; Insect control
98 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
Effect of ryegrass endophyte in mixed swards of perennial
ryegrass and white clover under two levels or irrigation and
pesticide treatment. Lewis, G.C.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1992 Sep.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 47 (3): p. 302-305; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Uk; Cabt; Grass sward; Lolium perenne; Trifolium
repens; Mixed pastures; Endophytes; Acremonium; Crop yield;
Herbage; Irrigation scheduling; Carbosulfan; Insect control
99 NAL Call. No.: SB197.A1T7
The effect of seedbed and sowing time on establishment of
Siratro and Gatton panic into native pasture.
Lowe, K.F.; Bowdler, T.M.
St Lucia : Tropical Grassland Society of Australia; 1991 Mar.
Tropical grasslands v. 25 (1): p. 37-46; 1991 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Queensland; Macroptilium atropurpureum;
Oversowing; Natural grasslands; Range pastures; Stand
establishment; Seedbed preparation; Sowing date; Crop
mixtures; Panicum maximum; Environmental factors; Rain;
Seasonal variation; Grassland improvement; Crop yield; Dry
matter accumulation; Botanical composition
100 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Effect of strip-intercropping corn and soybean on yield and
profit. West, T.D.; Griffith, D.R.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (1): p. 107-110; 1992
Jan. Paper presented at a symposium on "Ecology and
Management of Grazing Systems" presented at the annual meeting
of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,
January 14-19, 1991, San Francisco, California. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Indiana; Glycine max; Zea mays; Strip cropping;
Intercropping; Crop yield; Profitability; Crop management
101 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46
The effect of suppression treatments on the uptake of 15N by
intercropped corn from labeled alfalfa (Medicago sativa).
Jordan, D.; Rice, C.W.; Tiedje, J.M.
Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-;
1993. Biology and fertility of soils v. 16 (3): p. 221-226;
1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Medicago sativa; Crop management; Cutting;
Glyphosate; Intercropping; Zea mays; Isotope labeling;
Nitrogen; Nitrogen cycle; Nutrient uptake
102 NAL Call. No.: SB327.A1B5
The effect of varied crop proportions and soil N-levels in a
maize/bean intercrop: growth morphological changes.
Ugen, M.A.; Wien, H.C.
Fort Collins, Colo : Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State
University; 1993. Annual report of the Bean Improvement
Cooperative v. 36: p. 105-106; 1993. In the series analytic:
Annual report of the bean improvement cooperative. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maize; Phaseolus vulgaris; Intercrops; Nitrogen;
Application rates; Crop yield; Morphology
103 NAL Call. No.: SB327.A1B5
The effect of varied crop proportions and soil N-levels in a
maize/bean intercrop:insect pest damage on beans.
Ugen, M.A.; Wien, H.C.
Fort Collins, Colo : Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State
University; 1993. Annual report of the Bean Improvement
Cooperative v. 36: p. 126-127; 1993. In the series analytic:
Annual report of the bean improvement cooperative. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Phaseolus vulgaris; Maize; Intercrops; Popillia
japonica; Epilachna varivestis; Crop damage
104 NAL Call. No.: SB13.I53
The effect of water stress on nitrogen absorption of soybean.
Masyhudi, M.F.; Patterson, R.P.
Jakarta, Indonesia : Agency for Agricultural Research and
Development, Ministry of Agriculture; 1991 Jul.
Indonesian journal of crop science v. 6 (2): p. 43-63; 1991
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Glycine max; Water stress; Crop
growth stage; Sexual reproduction; Crop yield; Seeds;
Symbiosis; Nitrogen fixation; Nitrogen fertilizers;
Application rates; Water deficit; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen;
Dry matter accumulation; Root nodules; Planting date; Double
cropping
105 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8
Effects of aldicarb, Datura stramonium, Datura metel and
Tagetes minuta on the pathogenicity of root-knot nematodes in
Kenya.
Odour-Owino, P.
Oxford : Butterworths-Heinemann Ltd; 1993 Jun.
Crop protection v. 12 (4): p. 315-317; 1993 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kenya; Cabt; Lycopersicon esculentum; Meloidogyne
javanica; Pathogenicity; Galls; Aldicarb; Soil treatment;
Datura stramonium; Datura metel; Tagetes minuta; Mixed
cropping; Growth; Crop yield; Greenhouse culture; Field tests;
Integrated pest management; Nematicidal plants; Nematode
control
106 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Effects of cassava-based cropping systems on physico-chemical
properties of soil and earthworm casts in a tropical Alfisol.
Hulugalle, N.R.; Ezumah, H.C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Mar.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 35 (1): p. 55-63;
1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Manihot esculenta; Intercropping;
Rotations; Soil chemistry; Soil physical properties; Tropical
soils; Worm casts; Alfisols
107 NAL Call. No.: 442.8 An72
Effects of cereal borders, admixture with cereals and plant
density on the spread of bean yellow mosaic potyvirus into
narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius).
Jones, R.A.
Warwick : Association of Applied Biologists; 1993 Jun.
Annals of applied biology v. 122 (3): p. 501-518; 1993 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lupinus angustifolius; Bean yellow mosaic
potyvirus; Spread; Cultural control; Mixed cropping; Crop
density; Border effects; Myzus persicae; Acyrthosiphon kondoi;
Disease vectors
108 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
The effects of contrasting cutting regimes on the components
of clover and grass growth in microswards.
Grant, S.A.; Barthram, G.T.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Mar.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 46 (1): p. 1-13; 1991 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Scotland; Trifolium repens; Lolium perenne; Crop
mixtures; Cutting height; Cutting frequency; Growth rate;
Stand density; Tillering; Responses; Grazing intensity;
Simulation; Defoliation; Shading; Effects
109 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
The effects of crop combination and row arrangement in the
intercropping of lettuce, favabean and pea on weed biomass and
diversity and on crop yields. Sharaiha, R.; Gliessman, S.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1992.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 9 (1): p. 1-13; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Lactuca sativa; Pisum sativum; Vicia
faba; Intercrops; Intercropping; Organic farming; Weed
control; Crop weed competition; Species diversity; Biomass;
Crop yield
110 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
Effects of cultivars of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea
Schreb.) on the batanical composition of mixed swards.
Sugiyama, S.; Nakashima, H.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Dec.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 46 (4): p. 365-373; 1991 Dec. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Cultivars; Mixed pastures;
Dactylis glomerata; Trifolium repens; Botanical composition;
Competitive ability; Plant competition; Interspecific
competition; Crop yield; Herbage; Yield components; Soil
fertility
111 NAL Call. No.: SB327.A1B5
Effects of distance of bean rows from maize rows on yield of
both crops grown in association.
Mmbaga, M.E.T.; Edje, O.T.
Fort Collins, Colo : Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State
University; 1992. Annual report of the Bean Improvement
Cooperative v. 35: p. 173-174; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tanzania; Phaseolus vulgaris; Zea mays; Crop
production; Crop yield; Row spacing; Intercropping
112 NAL Call. No.: QL461.I57
Effects of intercropping groundnut with sunhemp on termite
incidence and damage in India.
Gold, C.S.; Wightman, J.A.
Nairobi, Kenya : ICIPE Science Press; 1991 Jun.
Insect science and its application v. 12 (1/3): p. 177-182;
1991 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Arachis hypogaea; Crop damage;
Microtermes; Odontotermes; Incidence; Insect control;
Intercropping; Crotalaria juncea
Abstract: The effects of intercropping groundnut with
sunnhemp on termite incidence and damage were studied in the
rainy and post-rainy season at ICRISAT Center in central
India. Termite incidence in different cropping systems was
determined by baiting with bamboo stakes. Damage to groundnut
plants and pods was evaluated at harvest. Intercropping
groundnut with sunnhemp did not affect termite abundance or
damage to groundnut. These results contrast with a Colombian
intercropping study in which sunnhemp exudates repelled
cassava burrowing bugs. Termite biology, including recruitment
of foragers and construction of protected runways, may have
reduced exposure to sunnhemp, thereby minimizing effects.
113 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
Effects of intercropping sorghum-cowpea on natural enemies of
the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata (Diptera:Muscidae),
in Burkina Faso. Zongo, J.O.; Vincent, C.; Stewart, R.K.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1993.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 9 (3): p. 201-213; 1993. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Burkina faso; Sorghum bicolor; Vigna unguiculata;
Intercropping; Atherigona soccata; Natural enemies;
Parasitoids; Biological control agents; Biological control
114 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Effects of intercropping with maize on the incidence and
damage caused by pod borers of common beans.
Karel, A.K.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Oct.
Environmental entomology v. 22 (5): p. 1076-1083; 1993 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tanzania; Cabt; Phaseolus vulgaris; Zea mays;
Maruca testulalis; Helicoverpa armigera; Intercropping;
Population density; Insect control; Crop yield
Abstract: Effects of intercropping common bean, Phaseolus
vulgaris L., with maize, Zea mays L., at four plant
populations on the pod borers Maruca testulalis Geyer and
Heliothis armigera Hubner on common bean were studied. The
incidence of M. testulalis and H. armigera larvae was
significantly (P < 0.05) lower in intercropped and higher
plant populations than in pure stands and lower plant
populations of common bean; larval populations of M.
testulalis increased 45-59 d after planting, followed by a
decrease up to 66 d after planting. Percentages of damage to
flowers and pods by larvae of the two pod borer species were
significantly (P < 0.05) lower in an intercrop combination of
one-third bean-two-thirds maize (BMM) than in pure bean (BBB).
Flower and pod damage decreased when plant populations
increased from 66,666 to 1,333,333 plants per ha. The
relationship of intercrop combinations and individual plant
populations to incidence and damage by pod borer larvae was
established by exponential and power regression models. Seed
yields of intercrop combinations of BBM and BMM were higher
than those of the two crops when grown in monoculture at
133,333 and 266,666 plants per ha. "Relative yield total" thus
indicated yield advantages of 16-29% for plant populations of
133,333 plants per ha in both BBM and BMM intercrop
combinations, which was associated with lower incidence and
damage by pod borer species. Intercropping beans with maize
was considered useful as a cultural method for controlling pod
borers on common beans and for higher seed yield of the two
crops.
115 NAL Call. No.: 10 EX72
Effects of intercropping young plants of the compact arabica
coffee hybrid cultivar Ruiru 11 with potatoes, tomatoes, beans
and maize on coffee yields and economic returns in Kenya.
Njoroge, J.M.; Waithaka, K.; Chweya, J.A.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1993 Jul.
Experimental agriculture v. 29 (3): p. 373-377; 1993 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kenya; Coffea arabica; Hybrid varieties;
Intercropping; Crop yield; Economic analysis; Lycopersicon
esculentum; Phaseolus vulgaris; Solanum tuberosum; Zea mays
116 NAL Call. No.: SB123.P535
Effects of interspecific competition on the inheritance of
quantitative traits in white clover.
Hill, J.
Berlin, W. Ger. : Paul Parey; 1993 Apr.
Plant breeding; Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenzuchtung v. 110 (3):
p. 212-219; 1993 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Trifolium repens; Lolium perenne; Inheritance;
Quantitative traits; Plant competition; Cultivars; Plant
height; Dry matter accumulation; Epistasis; Mixed cropping
117 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Effects of leaf removal and intercropping on the incidence and
severity of black Sigatoka disease at the establisment phase
of plantains (Musa spp. AAB). Emebiri, L.C.; Obiefuna, J.C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Apr.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 39 (3/4): p.
213-219; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Musa; Mycosphaerella fijiensis;
Defoliation; Intercropping; Monoculture; Manihot esculenta;
Crop density; Plant disease control; Cultural control; Fungus
control; Disease transmission; Leaf age
118 NAL Call. No.: SB327.A1B5
Effects of maize planting pattern on maize and bean
productivity in an intercrop.
Mmbaga, M.E.T.; Edje, O.T.
Fort Collins, Colo : Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State
University; 1992. Annual report of the Bean Improvement
Cooperative v. 35: p. 171-172; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tanzania; Phaseolus vulgaris; Zea mays; Crop
production; Crop density; Crop yield; Intercropping
119 NAL Call. No.: 100 AR42F
Effects of management on the water use and yield of double-
cropping wheat and soybeans.
Daniels, M.B.; Scott, H.D.
Fayetteville, Ark. : The Station; 1991 Jul.
Arkansas farm research - Arkansas Agricultural Experiment
Station v. 40 (4): p. 3-4; 1991 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: Arkansas; Triticum aestivum; Glycine max; Double
cropping; Irrigated farming; Water use; Yield response
functions
120 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Effects of nitrogen fertilizer, cutting frequency, and
companion legume on herbage production and quality of four
grasses.
Fairey, N.A.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1991 Jul.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de
phytotechnie v. 71 (3): p. 717-725; 1991 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alberta; Bromus inermis; Bromus biebersteinii;
Phleum pratense; Alopecurus pratensis; Medicago sativa;
Trifolium hybridum; Lotus corniculatus; Grassland management;
Crop yield; Nitrogen fertilizers; Cutting frequency; Companion
crops; Herbage; Grazing effects
121 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Effects of nitrogen supply and spatial arrangement on the
grain yield of a maize/soybean intercrop in a humid
subtropical climate.
Clement, A.; Chalifour, F.P.; Bharati, M.P.; Gendron, G.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Jan.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de
phytotechnie v. 72 (1): p. 57-67; 1992 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nepal; Zea mays; Glycine max; Crop production;
Crop yield; Nitrogen fertilizers; Intercropping; Subtropics;
Plant density; Row spacing; Nitrogen fixation; Nodulation
122 NAL Call. No.: S631.F422
Effects of nitrogen supply on cassava/pigeonpea intercropping
with three contrasting cassava cultivars.
Cenpukdee, U.; Fukai, S.
Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991 Sep.
Fertilizer research : an international journal on fertilizer
use and technology v. 29 (3): p. 275-280; 1991 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Australia; Manihot esculenta; Cultivars; Cajanus
cajan; Intercropping; Continuous cropping; Urea; Application
rates; Interspecific competition; Varietal reactions; Canopy;
Width; Plant height; Growth; Crop yield; Tubers; Seeds; Dry
matter accumulation
Abstract: Three cassava cultivars of contrasting canopy size
were grown as a sole crop and in intercropping with pigeonpea
under two N supply levels to examine whether the effect of N
fertilizer was different in sole crop cassava and in
intercropping, and whether it depended on the canopy type of
cassava cultivar. Application of N promoted plant height and
canopy width of cassava in both cropping systems, and this
resulted in increased competitiveness of cassava in
intercropping. However, when the most vigorous cassava
cultivar was used in intercropping, N supply caused excessive
top growth with no increase in tuber yield. The yield of
pigeonpea on the other hand was always reduced with N supply
in intercropping with any cassava cultivar.
123 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Effects of plant populations and intercropping on the
population patterns of bean flies on common beans.
Karel, A.K.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Feb.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (1): p. 354-357; 1991 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tanzania; Phaseolus vulgaris; Zea mays;
Intercropping; Crop density; Ophiomyia phaseoli; Ophiomyia
centrosematis; Melanagromyza; Population dynamics
Abstract: Effects of four plant populations and intercropping
beans with maize on the population patterns of bean flies
(Ophiomyia phaseoli Tryon, O. centrosematis de Meijere, and
Melanagromyza spencerella Greathead) on common beans were
studied. Percentage of plants infested by bean Dies was
significantly less in the one-third beans and two-thirds maize
intercrop combination than in pure stand beans. The incidence
of bean flies decreased with increasing plant populations from
66,666 to 533,332 plants per ha. Ovipunctures made by bean
flies in the leaves of beans were not significantly different
among the various treatments. A significant and gradual
decrease in the number of ovipunctures from lower to higher
plant populations was recorded. The bean fly larva-pupal
counts were significantly lower in both intercrop combinations
than in pure stand beans; larval-pupal counts were
significantly lower in higher plant populations in 1983
season. Possible reasons for population patterns of bean flies
are discussed.
124 NAL Call. No.: 10 J822
Effects of shifting and continuous cultivation of cassava
(Manihot esculenta) intercropped with maize (Zea mays) on a
forest alfisol in south-western Nigeria.
Aweto, A.O.; Ayanniyi, O.O.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Apr.
The Journal of agricultural science v. 118 (pt.2): p. 195-198;
1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Manihot esculenta; Shifting cultivation;
Continuous cropping; Intercropping; Zea mays; Forest soils;
Alfisols; Fertilizer requirement determination
125 NAL Call. No.: aSB205.S7S6
Effects of some growth regulators on double-cropped soybean
production. Arioglu, H.
Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1991.
Soybean genetics newsletter - U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research Service v. 18: p. 165-168; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Turkey; Glycine; Crop production; Double
cropping; Yield components
126 NAL Call. No.: 10 J822
Effects of sowing a companion grass (Lolium perenne),
application of grass suppressant and choice of clover variety
on the growth and seed production potential of white clover.
Wilman, D.; Fisher, A.; Marshall, A.H.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Aug.
The Journal of agricultural science v. 117 (pt.1): p. 47-56;
1991 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Trifolium repens; Cultivars; Growth; Growth
inhibitors; Production possibilities; Seed production; Yield
components; Interplanting; Lolium perenne
127 NAL Call. No.: QL461.E532
Effects of strip intercropping and no-tillage on some pest and
beneficial invertebrates of corn in Ohio.
Tonhasca, A. Jr; Stinner, B.R.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1991 Oct.
Environmental entomology v. 20 (5): p. 1251-1258; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ohio; Zea mays; Agrotis ipsilon; Mythimna
unipuncta; Slugs; Diabrotica virgifera; Ostrinia nubilalis;
Intercropping; No-tillage; Predators of insect pests;
Biological control agents
Abstract: We tested two agronomic practices that are likely
to increase plant and structural diversity, no-tillage and
strip intercropping, for effects on corn invertebrate fauna.
Some of the most common herbivores and natural enemies were
sampled by direct counts and damage estimation from 1988
through 1990 on monoculture corn and strips of corn alternated
with soybean, under no-tillage and conventional tillage. Among
soil pests, cut-worms (mostly the black cutworm, Agrotis
ipsilon (Hufnagel)); armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta
(Haworth); and slugs (Gastropoda) were more abundant in no-
tillage plots, although only slugs caused severe damage. The
western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte,
and the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubitalis (Hubner), were
generally more abundant in conventional tillage plots. Despite
crop rotation, the strip-intercropping system (four rows of
each crop) was less effective in reducing western corn
rootworm infestation, especially in conventional tillage
plots. In 1990 only, ladybugs (mostly Coleomegilla maculata
(DeGeer)) were more abundant in conventional tillage plots,
whereas tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de
Beauvois), were more abundant in no-tillage plots. Japanese
beetle, Popillia japonica Newman; stink bugs, Acrosternum
hilare (Say) and Euschistus serous (Say); and spiders (Aranea)
were not significantly affected by treatments.
128 NAL Call. No.: FULD1780 1991.K881
Effects of stylosanthes interplanting on millet grain yield,
herbage yield, water use efficiency, and yields of subsequent
millet crop.
Kouame, Christophe N.,
1991; 1991.
xi, 119 leaves ; 29 cm. Typescript. Vita. Includes
bibliographical references (leaves 109-117).
Language: English; English
Descriptors: Intercropping; Stylosanthes; Millet
129 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773
The effects of sward height and nitrogen fertilizer
application on changes in sward composition, white clover
growth and the stock capacity of an upland perennial
ryegrass/white clover sward grazed by sheep for four years.
Barthram, G.T.; Grant, S.A.; Elston, D.A.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1992 Dec.
Grass and forage science : the journal of the British
Grassland Society v. 47 (4): p. 326-341; 1992 Dec. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Scotland; Cabt; Mixed pastures; Lolium perenne;
Trifolium repens; Plant height; Nitrogen fertilizers;
Application rates; Botanical composition; Stand density;
Temperature; Rain; Growth rate; Branching; Sheep; Stocking
rate; Liveweight gain; Grazing effects; Statistical analysis
130 NAL Call. No.: 1.9 P69P
Effects of tillage, row width, and cultivar on foliar diseases
of double-crop soybean.
Wrather, J.A.; Anderson, S.H.; Wollenhaupt, N.C.; Anand, S.C.;
Kendig, S.R. St. Paul, Minn., American Phytopathological
Society; 1993 Nov. Plant Disease v. 77 (11): p. 1151-1152;
1993 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Septoria; Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea;
Plant diseases; Foliage; Glycine max; Cultivars; Double
cropping; Tillage; Row spacing; Genotype environment
interaction; Disease resistance
131 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
Effects of tree legumes in hedgerows on soil fertility changes
and crop performance in the semi-arid highlands of Rwanda.
Balasubramanian, V.; Sekayange, L.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1991.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 8 (1): p. 17-32; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rwanda; Calliandra calothyrsus; Cassia
spectabilis; Leucaena diversifolia; Leucaena leucocephala;
Sesbania sesban; Hedgerow plants; Alley cropping; Phaseolus
vulgaris; Sorghum bicolor; Zea mays; Ipomoea batatas;
Continuous cropping; Intercropping; Productivity; Crop yield;
Soil fertility; Interspecific competition; Highlands; Semiarid
climate; Acid soils; Biomass production; Growth; Pruning;
Mulches; Biomass; Incorporation; Soil organic matt