TITLE: Cultural and Mechanical Weed Control
PUBLICATION DATE: August 1994
ENTRY DATE: April 1995
EXPIRATION DATE:
UPDATE FREQUENCY:
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ISSN: 1052-5378
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Cultural and Mechanical Weed Control
January 1991 - April 1994
QB 94-52
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ultural and Mechanical Weed Control
January 1991 - April
Quick Bibliography Series: QB 94-52
Updates QB 91-119
241 citations in English from AGRICOLA
Mary V. Gold
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
August 1994
National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
Gold, Mary V.
Double cropping and interplanting : January 1991-February
1994.
(Quick bibliography series ; 94-51)
1. Double cropping--Bibliography. I. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.94-51
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Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA
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JOURNAL ARTICLE:
Citation # NAL Call No.
Article title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher. Journal Title.
Date. Volume (Issue). Pages. (NAL Call Number).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL 389.8.SCH6
Morrison, S.B. Denver, Colo.: American School Food Service
Association. School foodservice journal. Sept 1987. v. 41
(8). p.48-50. ill.
BOOK:
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Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date. Information
on pagination, indices, or bibliographies.
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1 NAL Call No.: DNAL RM218.K36 1987
Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
Kane, June Kozak. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
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AUDIOVISUAL:
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Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date.
Supplemental information such as funding. Media format
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All aboard the nutri-train.
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1981. NET funded. Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
Mayo. 1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
activity packet.
Cultural and Mechanical Weed Control
SEARCH STRATEGY
SET DESCRIPTION
1 WEED?(3N)(CONTROL? OR MANAG?)
2 CULTURAL? OR MECHANICAL? OR MANUAL? OR CULTIVAT?
OR NONCHEMICAL? OR (NON()CHEMICAL?)
3 S1 AND S2
4 S3 AND SH=F900
5 MULCH? OR (PLASTIC()FILM) OR (POLYETHYLENE()FILM)
OR ALLELOPATH? OR PLOWING OR DISKING OR DISCING
OR RELAY OR INTERCROP? OR (INTER()CROP?) OR
FLAME? OR FLAMING? OR BURNING OR HOE OR HOES OR
HOEING OR (SOIL(2N)SOLARIZ?) OR FREEZING OR GEESE
6 S5/TI,DE,ID
7 (S6 AND S1) OR (S6 AND SH=F900)
8 S3 OR S7
9 S8/ENG
10 S9/1991-1994
Cultural and Mechanical Weed Control
1 NAL Call. No.: S1.N32
10 years without herbicides! Fertility practices reduce the
impact of weeds.
Peters, S.
Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Institute; 1991 Mar.
The New farm v. 13 (3): p. 9-11. ill; 1991 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Weeds; Cultural weed control;
Cropping systems; Rotations; Tillage; Planting date
2 NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
2,2'-oxo-1,1'-azobenzene: microbial transformation of rye
(Secale cereale L.) allelochemical in field soils by
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. III. Chase, W.R.; Nair, M.G.;
Putnam, A.R.; Mishra, S.K.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Aug.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (8): p. 1575-1584; 1991 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Secale cereale; Plant composition;
Allelochemicals; Acinetobacter calcoaceticus; Allelopathy;
Microbial activities
Abstract: Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a gram-negative
bacterium isolated from field soil, was found to be
responsible for the biotransformation of 2(3H)-benzoxazolinone
(BOA) to 2,2'-oxo-1,1'-azobenzene (AZOB). Experiments were
conducted to evaluate the transformation of BOA to AZOB by
this microbe in sterile and nonsterile soil. Transformation
studies with soils inoculated with A. calcoaceticus indicated
that the production of AZOB increased linearly with the
concentration of BOA in sterile soil and showed a quadratic
trend in nonsterile soils. This also indicated that all soil
types studied for the transformation experiments might contain
A. calcoaceticus capable of the conversion of
benzoxazolinones.
3 NAL Call. No.: 464.8 P566
Abiotic and biotic factors affecting Rhagoletis mendax
[Diptera: Tephritidae] populations in eastern Canadian lowbush
blueberry fields. Geddes, P.S.; Le Blanc, J.P.R.; Yule, W.N.
Saint-Hyacinthe : Quebec Society for the Protection of Plants;
1992 Aug.
Phytoprotection v. 73 (2): p. 73-78; 1992 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nova Scotia; New Brunswick; Rhagoletis mendax;
Vaccinium angustifolium; Infestation; Soil acidity; Migration;
Prescribed burning; Weeds
4 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71
Advantages of an effective weed control program for Populus
hybrids.
Bowersox, T.W.; Stover, L.R.; Strauss, C.H.; Blankenhorn, P.R.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1992.
Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service v. 43 (3): p. 81-86; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Populus trichocarpa; Populus
maximowiczii; Hybrids; Weed control; Mechanical methods;
Chemical control; Glyphosate; Forest plantations
5 NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
Allelopathic activity in wheat-conventional and wheat-no-till
soils: development of soil extract bioassays.
Blum, U.; Gerig, T.M.; Worsham, A.D.; Holappa, L.D.; King,
L.D. New York, N.Y. : Plenum Publishing Corporation; 1992 Dec.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 18 (12): p. 2191-2221; 1992
Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Cabt; Triticum aestivum; Glycine
max; Allelopathy; Germination; Bioassays; Phenolic acids;
Hydroxamic acids; Soil analysis; Extraction; Tillage;
Pharbitis hederacea; Trifolium incarnatum; Weed control
Abstract: The primary objective of this research was to
determine if soil extracts could be used directly in bioassays
for the detection of allelopathic activity. Here we describe:
(1) a way to estimate levels of allelopathic compounds in
soil; (2) how pH, solute potential, and/or ion content of
extracts may modify the action of allelopathic compounds on
germination and radicle and hypocotyl length of crimson clover
(Trifolium incarnatum L.) and ivy-leaved morning glory
(Ipomoea hederacea L. Jacquin.), and 3) how biological
activity of soil extracts may be determined. A water-autoclave
extraction procedure was chosen over the immediate-water and
5-hr EDTA extraction procedures, because the autoclave
procedure was effective in extracting solution and reversibly
bound ferulic acid as well as phenolic acids from wheat
debris. The resulting soil extracts were used directly in
germination bioassays. A mixture of phenolic acids similar to
that obtained from wheat-no-till soils did not affect
germination of clover or morning glory and radicle and
hypocotyl length of morning glory. The mixture did, however,
reduce radicle and hypocotyl length of clover. Individual
phenolic acids also did not inhibit germination, but did
reduce radicle and hypocotyl length of both species. 6-MBOA
(6-methoxy-2,3-benzoxazolinone), a conversion product of 2-o-
glucosyl-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxacin-3-one, a hydroxamic acid in
living wheat plants, inhibited germination and radicle and
hypocotyl length of clover and morning glory. 6-MBOA, however,
was not detected in wheat debris, stubble, or soil extracts.
Total phenolic acids (FC) in extracts were determined with
Folin and Ciocalteu's phenol reagent. Levels of FC in wheat-
conventional-till soil extracts were not related to
germination or radicle and hypocotyl length either species.
Levels of FC in wheat-no-till soil extracts were also not
related to germination of clover or morning glory, but were
inversely related to radicle and hypocotyl length of clover
and morning glory. FC values, solute potential, and acidity of
wheat-no-till soil extracts appeared to be independent
(additive) in action on clover radicle and hypocotyl length.
Radicle and hypocotyl length of clover was inversely related
to increasing FC and solute potential and directly related to
decreasing acidity. Biological activity of extracts was
determined best from slopes of radicle and hypocotyl length
obtained from bioassays of extract dilutions, Thus, data
derived from the water-autoclave extraction procedure, FC
analysis, and slope analysis for extract activity in
conjunction with data on extract pH and solute potential can
be used to estimate allelopathic activity of wheat-no-till
soils
6 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 SO8 (P)
Allelopathic cover crops to reduce herbicide input.
Worsham, A.D.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Society :.; 1991.
Proceedings - Southern Weed Science Society v. 44: p. 58-69;
1991. Paper
presented at the meeting on "Perception: Fact or Fiction",
held January 14-16, 1991, San Antonio, Texas. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Cover crops; Allelopathy;
Herbicides; Application rates; Weed control
7 NAL Call. No.: S596.53.S69
Allelopathic effect of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) cultivars
on certain weed
and vegetable species.
Reinhardt, C.F.; Meissner, R.; Nel, P.C.
Pretoria : Bureau for Scientific Publications, Foundation for
Education, Science and Technology, [1984-; 1993 Feb.
South African journal of plant and soil; Suid-Afrikaanse
tydskrif vir plant en
grond v. 10 (1): p. 41-44; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ipomoea batatas; Cultivars; Allelopathy
8 NAL Call. No.: SB617.45.W47N69 1991
Allelopathy.
Stevens, K.L.
Boulder : Westview Press; 1991.
Noxious range weeds / edited by Lynn F. James ... [et al.]..
p. 127-137; 1991.
(Westview special studies in agriculture science and policy).
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Rangelands; Plant interaction; Plant
competition
9 NAL Call. No.: S51.E2
Allelopathy as a factor in the pasture ecosystem.
Smith, A.E.
Athens, Ga. : The Stations; 1991 May.
Research bulletin - University of Georgia, Agricultural
Experiment Stations
(399): 11 p.; 1991 May. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Georgia; Pastures; Fodder crops; Weeds;
Allelopathy
10 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Alternative weed management systems for the production of
kidney beans
(Phaseolus vulgaris).
Burnside, O.C.; Krause, N.H.; Wiens, M.J.; Johnson, M.M.;
Ristau, E.A.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Oct. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (4): p. 940-945; 1993 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Cabt; Phaseolus vulgaris; Weed
control; Irrigated
conditions; Setaria viridis; Solanum sarrachoides; Crop weed
competition; Cover crops; Tillage; Cultural weed control;
Sustainability; Crop yield; Economic analysis; Herbicides;
Cultural methods
11 NAL Call. No.: QH541.5.F6F67
Alternatives to herbicides: comparison of two mechanical
methods for control
of competing vegetation in two Jeffrey pine plantations.
Weaver, S.E.
Redding. Calif. : The Conference; 1992.
Proceedings ... annual Forest Vegetation Management
Conference. p. 104-108; 1992. Meeting held on January 14-16,
1992, Eureka, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Cabt; Pinus jeffreyi; Forest
plantations; Undergrowth; Understory; Manual weed control;
Weeding; Ripping; Cutting; Plant
height
12 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E23
Application of weed seedbank ecology to low-input crop
management. Forcella, F.; Eradat-Oskoui, K.; Wagner, S.W.
Tempe, Ariz. : Ecological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Ecological applications v. 3 (1): p. 74-83; 1993 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Weeds; Weed biology; Seed banks; Weed
control; Amaranthus retroflexus; Chenopodium album; Setaria
(gramineae); Setaria viridis; Seed dormancy; Seedling
emergence; Buried seeds; Soil temperature; Tillage; Cultural
weed control; Sustainability; Plant density
13 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 OK41C
Atrazine and burning in tallgrass prairie infested with
prairie threeawn.
Engle, D.M.; Bidwell, T.G.; Stritzke, J.F.; Rollins, D.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Feb.
Circular E - Oklahoma State University, Cooperative Extension
Service (905): p. 7; 1992 Feb. In the series analytic: Range
research highlights, 1983-1991
/ edited by T.G. Bidwell, D. Titus and D. Cassels.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Range management; Weed control;
Atrazine; Prescribed
burning; Savannas; Field tests
14 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 OK41C
Atrazine, spring burning, and nitrogen for improvement of
tallgrass prairie.
Gillen, R.L.; Rollins, D.; Stritzke, J.F.
Stillwater, Okla. : The Service; 1992 Feb.
Circular E - Oklahoma State University, Cooperative Extension
Service (905): p. 7-8; 1992 Feb. In the series analytic:
Range research highlights, 1983-1991 / edited by T.G. Bidwell,
D. Titus and D. Cassels.
Language: English
Descriptors: Range management; Atrazine; Prescribed burning;
Nitrogen; Weed
control; Brush control; Prairies; Field tests
15 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
Avian community response to fire and mechanical shrub control
in south
Florida.
Fitzgerald, S.M.; Tanner, G.W.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Jul.
Journal of range management v. 45 (4): p. 396-400; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Prairies; Brush control; Vegetation
management; Prescribed burning; Cultural weed control; Winter;
Summer; Birds; Communities; Community ecology; Seasonal
abundance
Abstract: Effects of prescribed fire and roller chopping
applied in 2 seasons on woody vegetation and the associated
avian community of a southwestern Florida former dry prairie
were studied. There were 5 vegetation treatments with 2
replications of each; treatments were control, winter burn,
winter chop, summer burn, and summer chop. Percent shrub cover
was sampled with line intercept transects. Birds were censused
25 times using the variable circular plot method. Burning in
either season reduced shrub cover temporarily; chopping in
either season reduced shrub cover significantly and it
remained reduced throughout the 15 months of this study. Bird
species richness and abundance were similar in control and
burn plots. Birds were not seen in summer chop plots up to 5
months posttreatment. Bird species richness and abundance
remained low in both winter and summer chop plots. Bird
species that were observed in chop plots were mostly open
country, grassland inhabitants, indicating a trend toward
prairie restoration.
16 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Banded herbicide applications and cultivation in a modified
no-till corn (Zea mays) system.
Eadie, A.G.; Swanton, C.J.; Shaw, J.E.; Anderson, G.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (3): p. 535-542; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Cultivars; No-tillage;
Atrazine; Metolachlor; Herbicide mixtures; Application rates;
Band placement; Broadcasting; Interrow cultivation; Integrated
pest management; Weed control; Weeds; Biomass production; Crop
yield
17 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.O74
Beating the weeds in upstate New York.
Jesiolowski, J.
Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Press, Inc; 1992 Jul.
Organic gardening v. 39 (6): p. 54-56; 1992 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Weeds; Cultural weed control; Organic
farming; Cultivation
18 NAL Call. No.: A00109
The better way...controlling weeds with intercropping.
Washington, DC : National Biotechnology Policy Center of the
National Wildlife
Federation; 1991 Dec.
The gene exchange v. 2 (4): p. 8; 1991 Dec.
Language: English
Descriptors: Trifolium repens; Zea mays; Intercropping; Crop
yield
19 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Biological control of Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae)
by Cassia uniflora Mill (Leguminosae), in Bangalore, India.
Joshi, S.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1991 Apr.
Tropical pest management v. 37 (2): p. 182-184; 1991 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Karnataka; Parthenium hysterophorus; Weed
control; Biological control; Cassia; Biological control
agents; Competitive ability; Allelopathy; Seeds; Leachates;
Germination inhibitors; Seed germination
20 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 W27PN
Blackgrass Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.
Aldrich-Markham, S.
Corvallis, Or. : The Service; 1992 Jan.
PNW - Pacific Northwest Extension Publication, Washington,
Oregon, and Idaho State Universities, Cooperative Extension
Service (377): 4 p.; 1992 Jan. In
Subseries: Weeds. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Oregon; Alopecurus myosuroides; Weed
control; No-tillage; Cultural control; Plowing; Herbicides
21 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1I66
Brassica alternatives to herbicides and soil fumigants.
Grossman, J.
Berkeley, CA : Bio-Integral Resource Center,; 1993 Jul.
The IPM practitioner : the newsletter of integrated pest
management v. 15 (7): p. 1-10; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Crops; Weed control; Brassica; Biological
control; Live mulches; Allelopathy; Cover crops; Plant disease
control; Pest control; Cultural control; Nematode control;
Green manures; Soil solarization; Plant parasitic nematodes;
Alternative farming
22 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) control with disking and
herbicides.
Zimdahl, R.L.; Foster, G.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Jan. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (1): p. 146-149; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cirsium arvense; Weed control; Chemical control;
Cultural weed
control; Discing; Chlorsulfuron; Clopyralid; Dicamba;
Glyphosate; Picloram; 2,4-d; Application date; Timing;
Integrated control
23 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
Changing perceptions of allelopathy and biological control.
Lovett, J.V.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1991.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 8 (2): p. 89-100; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alternative farming; Sustainability; Farming
systems; Biological
control; Allelopathy; Allelochemicals; Responses; Plant
protection; Weed
control; Biological control agents; Mycoherbicides; Cost
benefit analysis; Control methods; Crop production; Reviews
24 NAL Call. No.: A99.9 F764U
Chemical and mechanical control of false hellebore (Veratrum
californicum) in
an alpine community.
Anderson, V.J.; Thompson, R.M.
Ogden, Utah : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Intermountain
Research Station; 1993 Dec.
Research paper INT / (469): 6 p.; 1993 Dec. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Utah; Cabt; Veratrum californicum; Weed control;
Mechanical
methods; Herbicides; Rotary cultivators
25 NAL Call. No.: S79.E3
Chemical, mechanical, and economic relationships of weed
control methods in
Mississippi cotton.
Snipes, C.E.; Spurlock, S.R.
Mississippi State, Miss. : The Station; 1992 Aug.
Bulletin - Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment
Station (984): 9
p.; 1992 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Gossypium hirsutum; Weed control;
Chemical control; Fluometuron; Application methods; Crop weed
competition; Cultural methods; Crop yield; Cottonseed
26 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) control in soybean
(Glycine max) with
reduced bentazon rates and cultivation.
Buhler, D.D.; Gunsolus, J.L.; Ralston, D.F.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jul.
Weed science v. 41 (3): p. 447-453; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Cabt; Glycine max; Weed control;
Chemical control; Xanthium strumarium; Bentazone; Application
rates; Broadcasting; Band
placement; Cultural weed control; Integrated control; Interrow
cultivation; Crop yield; Precipitation; Environmental factors
Abstract: Common cocklebur is a very competitive and
difficult to control weed species in soybean production. Field
research was conducted at Rosemount, MN, from 1989 to 1991 to
evaluate reduced rates of bentazon applied broadcast or banded
over the crop row in combination with interrow cultivation for
common cocklebur control in soybean. Bentazon at 0.6 kg ai
ha-1 applied in a 38-cm-wide band over the soybean row
followed by two cultivations controlled almost 90% of the
common cocklebur when environmental conditions were favorable,
and the majority of the common cocklebur emerged prior to
bentazon application. However, when precipitation was below
normal prior to bentazon application and a high proportion of
the common cocklebur emerged after the initial bentazon
application, sequential bentazon treatments controlled more
common cocklebur and resulted in greater soybean yields than
combinations of bentazon plus cultivation. Differences in
soybean yield were attributed to differences in common
cocklebur control rather than injury from cultivation or
bentazon.
27 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 W27Pn
Common velvetgrass & German velvetgrass--Holcus lanatus L. and
H. mollis.
Fitzsimmons, J.P.; Burrill, L.C.
Corvallis, Or. : Washington, Oregon, and Idaho State
Universities, Cooperative
Extension Service; 1993 Mar.
PNW (441): 2 p.; 1993 Mar. In subseries: Weeds.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idaho; Cabt; Holcus lanatus; Holcus mollis;
Weeds; Chemical vs.
cultural weed control
28 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
A comparison of methods for the control of Cyperus rotundus L.
Hawton, D.; Howitt, C.J.; Johnson, I.D.G.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Jul.
Tropical pest management v. 38 (3): p. 305-309; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Queensland; Cyperus rotundus; Glyphosate;
Application rates; Chemical control; Cultural control;
Herbicides; Weed control
29 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
A comparison of the freezing tolerance of downy brome,
Japaneses brome and
Norstar winter wheat.
O'Connor, B.J.; Paquette, S.P.; Gusta, L.V.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1991 Apr.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de
phytotechnie v. 71 (2): p. 565-569; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saskatchewan; Triticum aestivum; Bromus tectorum;
Bromus
japonicus; Freezing; Cold tolerance; Cultivars; Crop weed
competition
30 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
Comparison of weed biomass and flora in four cover crops and a
subsequent
lettuce crop on three New England organic farms.
Schonbeck, M.; Browne, J.; Deziel, G.; DeGregorio, R.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1991.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 8 (2): p. 123-143; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fagopyrum esculentum; Fagopyrum tataricum; Secale
cereale; Avena
sativa; Sorghum bicolor; Trifolium pratense; Lolium
multiflorum; Echinochloa
crus-galli; Cover crops; Lactuca sativa; Cultural weed
control; Weeds; Biomass; Botanical composition; Dry matter
accumulation; Coverage; Crop
residues; Crop weed competition; Environmental factors;
Climatic factors; Soil
fertility; Crop yield; Establishment; Regrowth; Suppression;
Tillage
31 NAL Call. No.: SB317.5.H68
Comparisons of shredded newspaper and wheat straw as crop
mulches. Munn, D.A.
Alexandria, VA : American Society for Horticultural Science,
c1991-; 1992 Jul.
HortTechnology v. 2 (3): p. 361-366; 1992 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Glycine max; Lycopersicon esculentum; Zea mays;
Mulches; Newspapers; Waste utilization; Wheat straw; Mulching;
Cultural weed control; Soil water content; Soil temperature;
Crop yield
32 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Competitiveness of lathyrus grown in monoculture and
intercropping systems
with cereals.
Wall, D.A.; Campbell, C.G.
Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Jul.
Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (3): p. 399-403; 1993
Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lathyrus sativus; Cereals; Volunteer plants;
Intercropping; Crop
weed competition; Interspecific competition; Crop yield
33 NAL Call. No.: QH301.A76
Control and management of Reynoutria species (Knotweed).
Child, L.E.; De Wall, L.C.; Wade, P.M.; Palmer, J.P.
Wellesbourne, Warwick : The Association of Applied Biologists;
1992.
Aspects of applied biology (29): p. 295-307; 1992. In the
series analytic: Vegetation management in forestry, amenity
and conservation areas. Paper
presented at the conference of the Association, April 7-9,
1992, University of
York, England. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Reynoutria; Reynoutria japonica; Weed control;
Chemical control; Manual weed control; Mechanical methods;
Biological control; Literature
reviews
34 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Control of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and volunteer wheat
(Triticum
aestivum) in fallow with tillage and pronamide.
Ogg, A.G. Jr
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Jul. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (3): p. 686-692; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Washington; Cabt; Winter; Fallow; Integrated
control; Weed
control; Bromus tectorum; Triticum aestivum; Crop plants as
weeds; Volunteer
plants; Autumn; No-tillage; Chemical control; Application
rates; Propyzamide; Cultural weed control
35 NAL Call. No.: 100 C12Cag
Controlling dodder in alfalfa hay calls for an integrated
procedure.
Orloff, S.B.; Cudney, D.W.
Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, University of
California; 1993 Nov.
California agriculture v. 47 (6): p. 32-35; 1993 Nov.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Cabt; Cuscuta; Medicago sativa; Weed
control; Mowing; Burning; Costs; Comparisons
36 NAL Call. No.: SB321.G85
Coping with weeds organically.
Grubinger, V.
Storrs, Conn. : Coop. Ext. Serv., USDA, College of Agriculture
& Natural
Resources, Univ. of Conn; 1993 Jul.
The Grower : vegetable and small fruit newsletter v. 93 (7):
p. 1-4; 1993 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weed control; Cultural weed control; Rotations;
Mulching; Weeders; Identification; Tillage
37 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Cost effective vegetation management on a recently cleared
electric transmission line right-of-way.
Nowak, C.A.; Abrahamson, L.P.; Neuhauser, E.F.; Foreback,
C.G.; Freed, H.D.; Shaheen, S.B.; Stevens, C.H.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1992
Oct. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 6 (4): p. 828-837; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Cabt; Vegetation management; Power
lines; Weed control; Cultural control; Chemical control;
Application methods; 2,4-d; Picloram; Triclopyr; Cost
effectiveness analysis
38 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Cost-efficient weed control in soybean (Glycine max) with
cultivation and
banded herbicide applications.
Poston, D.H.; Murdock, E.C.; Toler, J.E.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1992
Oct. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 6 (4): p. 990-995; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Carolina; Cabt; Glycine max; Cultivation;
Band placement; Width; Crop yield; Alachlor; Imazaquin; Weed
control; Chemical control; Cultural control; Returns
39 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) yield response to cultivation
timing and
frequency.
Snipes, C.E.; Colvin, D.L.; Patterson, M.G.; Crawford, S.H.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (1): p. 31-35; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mississippi; Alabama; Florida; Louisiana;
Gossypium hirsutum; Cultural weed control; Tillage; Timing;
Crop yield; Seeds
40 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) yield response to mechanical and
chemical weed
control systems.
Snipes, C.E.; Mueller, T.C.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Apr.
Weed science v. 40 (2): p. 249-254; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Gossypium hirsutum; Weed control; Chemical
control; Cultural weed
control; Weeding; Fluometuron; Msma; Crop weed competition;
Ipomoea; Sida
spinosa; Sesbania exaltata; Plant density; Weeds; Crop yield;
Yield losses
Abstract: Cotton yield response was evaluated in 1987, 1988,
and 1989 when weeds were managed with preemergence fluometuron
[none (0%), band (50%), or broadcast (100%) surface coverage],
cultivation (none, one, two, or three times), and postdirected
fluometuron + MSMA. Weed densities (primarily prickly sida,
morningglories, and hemp sesbania) varied widely among years
and were directly related to early season rainfall.
Postdirected herbicide application or cultivation(s) had
little effect on weed density. The use of a banded fluometuron
application reduced weed biomass 28 to 47%. A further decrease
was observed when preemergence fluometuron was increased from
banded to broadcast coverage. Seed cotton yields were low with
no preemergence fluometuron. Banded fluometuron and at least
one cultivation had yields similar to broadcast fluometuron
only. Cotton yields were related to weed density and weed
biomass in a hyperbolic relationship. Low weed densities
caused more yield loss per unit weed density than higher
densities.
41 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Cover crop management and weed control in corn (Zea mays).
Johnson, G.A.; DeFelice, M.S.; Helsel, Z.R.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Apr. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (2): p. 425-430; 1993 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Missouri; Cabt; Zea mays; Cover crops; Secale
cereale; Vicia
villosa; Weed control; Setaria faberi; Xanthium strumarium;
No-tillage; Tillage; Stubble; Crop yield; Grain; Cultural weed
control; Chemical control; Atrazine; Glyphosate
42 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
Cover plants in field grown vegetables: prospects and
limitations. Muller-Scharer, H.; Potter, C.A.
Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 599-604;
1991. Conference
held November 18-21, 1991, Brighton, England. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Allium porrum; Weed control; Cultural control
43 NAL Call. No.: 10 Ex72
Crop and soil responses to post-emergence tillage and weed
control in lowland
rice.
Siopongco, J.D.L.C.; Ingram, K.T.; Pablico, P.P.; Moody, K.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1994 Jan.
Experimental agriculture v. 30 (1): p. 95-103; 1994 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: India; Cabt; Oryza sativa; Lowland areas; Crop
management; Crop
establishment; Emergence; Flooded rice; Plowing; Soil physical
properties; Rooting; Weeds; Weed control; Cultural control;
Chemical control; Herbicides; Crop yield
44 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883
Crop ecology, production & management.
Mumera, L.M.; Below, F.E.
Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America, 1961-; 1993
Jul. Crop science v. 33 (4): p. 758-763; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kenya; Cabt; Zea mays; Parasitic weeds; Striga
hermonthica; Pest
resistance; Nitrogen fertilizers; Application rates; Nutrient
availability; Nutrient uptake; Soil fertility; Source sink
relations; Assimilation; Dry
matter accumulation; Carbohydrates; Plant composition; Crop
yield; Grain; Harvest index; Cultural weed control
Abstract: Striga [Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth.] is a
parasitic angiosperm that infects tropical cereals causing
severe yield losses. This study was conducted to determine if
Striga damage in maize (Zea mays L.) can be mediated by the
amount, form, and timing of N availability; and if the
efficacy of N is contingent upon its regulation of assimilate
partitioning. Two experiments were conducted in Kibos, western
Kenya, in 1989 and 1990 on fields that had uniform Striga
infestation. One experiment evaluated N rates of 0, 30, 60,
and 90 kg N ha(-1) supplied as either urea, calcium ammonium
nitrate, ammonium sulfate, or ammonium sulfate plus the
nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide, while a second
experiment evaluated similar N rates applied at 14, 21, 28,
and 35 d after planting. Although Striga infection generally
declined with increasing N availability, the impact was
partially dependent on the severity of infestation as all N
rates decreased infection in 1990, while only 90 kg N ha(-1)
reduced infection in 1989. Under high parasite densities in
1989, only urea reduced Striga (26%), while in 1990, infection
was significantly decreased (an average of 30%) by all sources
of N. In both years, N application at 28 d after planting
resulted in the least Striga infection. Although assimilate
partitioning during vegetative growth was unresponsive to N
treatments, N availability during reproductive growth altered
dry matter partitioning in favor of the ear over the
vegetation. Averaged across N rates, this alteration resulted
in increases in grain yield (64%) and harvest index (27%), and
a decrease in source-sink partitioning (41%) and in the
concentration of nonstructural carbohydrates in the stalk
(16%). Based on these data, N fertility can mediate the impact
of Striga infestation on maize by altering assimilate
partitioning in favor of the ear.
45 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Crop residue reduces jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica)
seedling growth.
Anderson, R.L.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Jul. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (3): p. 717-722; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Colorado; Cabt; Triticum aestivum; Cultural weed
control; Aegilops cylindrica; Allelopathy; Crop residues; Zea
mays; Carthamus
tinctorius; Panicum miliaceum; Sorghum bicolor; Nitrogen
fertilizers; Immobilization; Nitrogen; Integrated control;
Chemical control; Seedling
stage; Triazinone herbicides
46 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E23
Crop rotation and intercropping strategies for weed
management. Liebman, M.; Dyck, E.
Tempe, Ariz. : Ecological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Ecological applications v. 3 (1): p. 92-122; 1993 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Cultural weed control; Weed biology;
Rotations; Intercropping; Seed banks; Plant density; Crop weed
competition; Allelopathy
47 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Cropping history, tillage, and herbage effects on weed flora
composition in
irrigated corn.
Ball, D.A.; Miller, S.D.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993
Jul. Agronomy journal v. 85 (4): p. 817-821; 1993 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wyoming; Cabt; Zea mays; Phaseolus vulgaris; Beta
vulgaris; Cropping systems; Rotations; Continuous cropping;
Sequences; Conservation; Conservation tillage; Plowing; Row
tillage; Weeds; Population density; Flora; Setaria viridis;
Amaranthus retroflexus; Solanum sarrachoides; Botanical
composition; Weed control; Chemical control; Herbicides;
Application rates; Irrigated conditions
Abstract: A change from conventional tillage to a
conservation tillage system can lead to shifts in weed species
composition. A weed species shift can result in the emergence
of weeds tolerant of existing weed management practices. An
understanding of crop production effects on weed species
shifts can lead to development of improved weed management
strategies. Research evaluated the effects of primary tillage
(moldboard and chisel plowing), row cultivation, and herbicide
input level on weed species changes over a 5-yr period in
three irrigated cropping sequences. The cropping sequences
consisted of continuous corn (Zea mays L.) for 5 yr (CN),
pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for 3 yr followed by corn
for 2 yr (PB), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) for 2 yr
followed by corn for 3 yr (SB). Over the course of the 5-yr
study, total weed density increased from 1 to 245 weeds PB,
from 100 to 209 in SB, and from 2 to 190 in CN cropping
sequences in chisel-plowed treatments, while weed density
increases in moldboard-plowed treatments were negligible.
General observation of each cropping sequence indicated that
during the final year, green foxtail [Setaria viridus (L.) P.
Beauv.] was most prevalent in the CN sequence, redroot pigweed
(Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and hairy nightshade (Solanum
sarruchoides Sendtner) in the PB sequence, and redroot pigweed
and green foxtail in the SB sequence. However, weed species
differences due to cropping sequences were evident only in
treatments receiving chisel plow primary tillage. Further, the
increase in redroot pigweed density due to cropping sequence
and chisel plowing was diminished by high herbicide input
levels. Row cultivation also had an influence on the weed
species composition when compared to uncultivated plots.
48 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
Cultivation for weed control.
Leap, L.E.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1991.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (43rd): p. 179-182;
1991. Meeting
held January 21-23, 1991, Santa Barbara, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cultural weed control; Tillage
49 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Cultural factors for minimizing bermudagrass invasion into
tall fescue turf.
Brede, A.D.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Nov.
Journal of the American Society of Agronomy v. 84 (6): p.
919-922; 1992 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Festuca arundinacea; Lawns and turf;
Cultural weed
control; Cynodon dactylon; Cutting height; Sowing rates;
Nitrogen fertilizers; Application rates
Abstract: Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is
becoming increasingly
popular for turf in areas where bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon
L. (Pers.)] has traditionally been grown. Volunteer
bermudagrass can be a serious weed problem in tall fescue
lawns, and presently there are no reliable herbicides to
eradicate bermudagrass without injury to the fescue. The
purpose of this study was to examine multiple cultural factors
to see if a combination of treatments might be used to prevent
bermudagrass invasion into fescue turf. Cutting height (19 and
57 mm), fescue cultivar ('Kentucky-31' and 'Mustang'), fescue
seeding rate [2100, 12 900, and 34 400 pure-live seeds (PLS)
m-2], fertilization rate (49 and 244 kg N ha-1 yr-1), and
source of bermudagrass introduction [seed, rhizomes, or
stolons (clippings)] were examined in this 2-yr field study
performed on Kirkland silt loam soil (fine, mixed, thermic,
Udertic Paleustolls) in central Oklahoma. No bermudagrass
invaded plots that were seeded to the two higher fescue
seeding rates and mowed at the higher cutting height. The
greatest number of bermudagrass originations (6 crowns m-2)
and amount of stolon coverage (42%) occurred in plots of
Mustang seeded to the lowest seeding rate, mowed at the lower
cutting height, and fertilized at the heavier rate, with seed
as the source of bermudagrass introduction. In conclusion, if
tall fescue is managed like bermudagrass turf (closer mowing,
higher fertilization), then the stand may eventually give way
to invading bermudagrass.
50 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Cultural or mechanical weed control--January 1979-April 1991.
MacLean, J.T.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Jul.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture,
National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-119): 21 p.; 1991 Jul.
Updates QB 90-40.
Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weed control; Cultural methods; Mechanical
methods; Bibliographies
51 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35
Cutting, burning, and mulching to control Kalmia: results of a
greenhouse
experiment.
Mallik, A.U.
Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Mar.
Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de
recherche forestiere
v. 21 (3): p. 417-420; 1991 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kalmia angustifolia; Weed control; Cutting;
Burning; Mulching; Mechanical methods; Regrowth
Abstract: A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the
effect of cutting, cutting plus burning, and mulching
treatments on Kalmia regrowth. Kalmia plants were transplanted
into plastic buckets, and the treatments were applied in the
greenhouse. After 8 months, the plants receiving cutting and
cutting plus burning treatments showed no significant
difference in the number and length of new sprouts compared
with the control. However, the sprouts that developed after
the cutting and cutting plus burning treatments were robust,
with significantly higher dry weights compared with the
control. Although there was no significant difference in the
number of rhizomes between these treatments, rhizome lengths
and dry weights were significantly smaller than those of the
control. Mulching treatments dramatically reduced Kalmia
regrowth in terms of both aboveground and belowground
components. A field trial is recommended for Kalmia control in
central Newfoundland using mulching equipment.
52 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1I66
Designing weeds out of urban landscapes.
Daar, S.
Berkeley, CA : Bio-Integral Resource Center,; 1993 Aug.
The IPM practitioner : the newsletter of integrated pest
management v. 15 (8): p. 1-6; 1993 Aug.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weed control; Cultural control; Landscape
architecture; Design; Urban areas
53 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34
Determining optimal clearing treatments for the alien invasive
shrub Acacia
saligna in southwestern Cape, South Africa.
Macdonald, I.A.W.; Wissel, C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1992 Apr.
Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 39 (3/4): p.
169-186; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Africa; Acacia saligna; Non-crop weed
control; Scrub
control; Chemical vs. cultural weed control; Manual weed
control; Arboricides; Glyphosate; Triclopyr; Population
density; Stand density; Integrated control; Cutting; Coppice;
Coppicing; Fire; Survival; Labor costs; Operating costs;
Probabilistic models
54 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
Development of a robotic system for non-chemical weed control.
Slaughter, D.C.; Curley, R.; Chen, P.; Brooks, C.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1992.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (44th): p. 103-107;
1992. Paper
presented at the meeting on "Many Benefits of Weed Control,"
January 20-22, 1992, Sacramento, California. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Lycopersicon esculentum; Cultural
weed control; Robots; Cultivars; Computers
55 NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
Difference in hydroxamic acid content in roots and root
exudates of wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.): possible
role in
allelopathy.
Perez, F.J.; Ormeno-Nunez, J.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Jun.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (6): p. 1037-1043; 1991 Jun.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Secale cereale; Root exudates;
Allelopathy; Chemical composition; Bioassays; Weed control;
Biological control
Abstract: Hydroxamic acids (Hx) produced by some cereal crops
have been associated with allelopathy. However, the release of
Hx to the soil by the producing plant--an essential condition
for a compound to be involved in allelopathy--has not been
shown. GC and HPLC analysis of roots and root exudates of
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.)
cultivars, with high Hx levels in their leaves, demonstrated
the presence of these compounds in the roots of all cultivars
analyzed and in root exudates of rye. Moreover, bioassays
employing root exudates collected from wheat and rye seedlings
demonstrated that only rye exudates inhibited root growth of
wild oats, Avena fatua L., a weed whose root growth is
inhibited by Hx. These results suggest that rye could
potentially interfere with the growth of Avena fatua in nature
and that this interference could be due to the release of Hx
to the soil by way of roots.
56 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Differential inhibition of seed germination by sweetpotato
(Ipomoea batatas)
root periderm extracts.
Peterson, J.K.; Harrison, H.F. Jr
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Jan.
Weed science v. 39 (1): p. 119-123; 1991 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ipomoea batatas; Competitive ability; Abutilon
theophrasti; Amaranthus retroflexus; Cassia occidentalis;
Eclipta alba; Eleusine indica; Pharbitis purpurea; Panicum
miliaceum; Solanum nigrum; Seed germination; Germination
inhibitors; Allelopathins; Periderm; Sweet potato extract;
Bioassays; Allelopathy; Crop weed competition
Abstract: The effect of sequential hexane, ethyl acetate, and
aqueous methanol extracts of 'Regal' sweetpotato periderm on
seed germination of sweetpotato, proso millet, and seven weed
species was studied. The hexane extract, which contained the
nonpolar components of the periderm tissue, was least
inhibitory. It inhibited velvetleaf, proso millet, black
nightshade, and redroot pigweed germination, and maximum
inhibition was 56% for black nightshade at 200 mg of periderm
extracted ml-1. The ethyl acetate fraction was inhibitory to
proso millet, velvetleaf, black nightshade, goosegrass, tall
morningglory, coffee senna, and redroot pigweed. The estimated
I50(3) for ethyl acetate ranged from 17 mg periderm extracted
ml-1 for black nightshade to 201 mg ml-1 for coffee senna.
Sweetpotato, tall morningglory, and eclipta germination was
not inhibited by this extract at the concentrations tested.
The aqueous methanol extract was much more inhibitory than the
hexane or ethyl acetate extracts, and there was considerable
variation between species in response to this extract The I50
estimates for the aqueous methanol extract were 0.5, 0.6, 2.8,
4.4, 5.1, 9.6, 15.7, 21.0, and 25.8 mg ml-1 for velvetleaf,
proso millet, black nightshade, goosegrass, sweetpotato, tall
morningglory, eclipta, coffee senna, and pigweed,
respectively.
57 NAL Call. No.: 475 M58
Distribution and control of Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae).
Muniappan, R.; Marutani, M.
Mangilao : The University; 1991 Jun.
Micronesica : journal of the University of Guam (suppl.3): p.
103-107; 1991
Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Micronesia; Eupatorium odoratum; Geographical
distribution; Weed
control; Cultural weed control; Chemical control; Biological
control
58 NAL Call. No.: 81 SO12
Economic and horticultural evaluation of chemical and
mechanical weed control
strategies for cowpea.
Kahn, B.A.; Schatzer, R.J.
Alexandria, Va. : The Society; 1992 Mar.
Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science v.
117 (2): p.
255-259; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Vigna unguiculata; Weed control;
Paraquat; Trifluralin; Metolachlor; Mechanical methods;
Cultivation; Crop yield; Economic evaluation
Abstract: The herbicides paraquat, trifluralin, and
metolachlor were compared for efficacy of weed control in
cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] with and without
cultivation as a supplemental strategy. Herbicides also were
compared against a no cultivation-no herbicide treatment
(control) and against cultivation without an herbicide.
Cultivation had no significant effect on seed yield,
biological yield, or harvest index of cowpea. Paraquat,
applied before seeding but after emergence of weeds, was
ineffective for weed control and usually did not change cowpea
yield from that obtained without an herbicide. Trifluralin and
metolachlor more than tripled cowpea seed yield compared with
that obtained without an herbicide in 1988, when potential
weed pressure was 886 g.m-2 (dry weight). The main effects of
trifluralin and metolachlor were not significant for cowpea
seed yield in 1989, when potential weed pressure was 319 g.m-2
(dry weight). However, in 1989, these two herbicides still
increased cowpea seed yield compared with that of the control
and increased net farm income by more than $300/ha compared
with the income obtained from the control.
59 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Economics of chemical and manual weed control in hybrid maize
in the Kenya
highlands.
Hanson, P.M.; Smith, L.M.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Apr.
Tropical pest management v. 38 (2): p. 210-213; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kenya; Zea mays; Hybrids; Weeds; Chemical
control; Manual weed
control; Crop yield; Economic analysis
60 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 W52R
Economics of manual and chemical weed control in bell peppers.
Lanini, W.; Thomas, W.; Le Strange, M.
S.l. : The Society; 1992.
Research progress report - Western Society of Weed Science. p.
II/9-II/11; 1992. Meeting held on March 9-12, 1992, Salt Lake
City, Utah.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Capsicum frutescens; Chemical vs.
cultural weed
control; Manual weed control; Napropamide; Crop yield; Costs;
Profits
61 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Effect of cultural practices on weed management in rainfed
upland rice.
Singh, R.S.; Ghosh, D.C.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Apr.
Tropical pest management v. 38 (2): p. 119-121; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Bihar; Oryza sativa; Upland rice; Weed control;
Weeds; Cultural
control
62 NAL Call. No.: 450 C16
Effect of diclofop and HOE-6001 on amylolytic enzyme
activities of malt.
McMullan, P.M.; Noll, J.; Therrien, M.C.
Ottawa : Agricultural Institute of Canada; 1992 Apr.
Canadian journal of plant science; Revue canadienne de
phytotechnie v. 72 (2): p. 435-438; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Manitoba; Hordeum vulgare; Genotypes; Alpha-
amylase; Alpha-glucosidase; Diclofop; Fenoxaprop; Herbicide
resistance; Avena fatua; Setaria viridis; Weed control
63 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Effect of land preparation and weeding on maize (Zea mays)
grain yields in the
coastal region in Kenya.
Gacheru, E.N.; Kamau, G.M.; Saha, H.M.; Odhiambo, G.D.;
O'Neil, M.K.
London : Taylor & Francis Ltd., 1993-; 1993 Jan.
International journal of pest management v. 39 (1): p. 57-60;
1993 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Kenya; Cabt; Zea mays; Weed control; Weeding;
Chemical control; Site preparation; Slashing; Hoeing; Plowing;
Paraquat; Pendimethalin; Atrazine; Metolachlor; Crop yield;
Grain
64 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Effect of preplant tillage, post-plant cultivation, and
herbicides on weed
density in corn (Zea mays).
Wilson, R.G.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Jul. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (3): p. 728-734; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nebraska; Cabt; Zea mays; Weed control; Chemical
control; Timing; Tillage; Cultural weed control; Cyanazine;
Dicamba; Pendimethalin; Sulfonylurea herbicides; Integrated
control; Amaranthus
retroflexus; Chenopodium album; Helianthus annuus; Cenchrus
longispinus; Kochia scoparia; Panicum miliaceum; Plant
density; Weeds; Crop yield; Grain
65 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.A43
Effect of row width on herbicide and cultivation requirements
in row crops.
Forcella, F.; Westgate, M.E.; Warnes, D.D.
Greenbelt, Md. : Institute for Alternative Agriculture; 1992.
American journal of alternative agriculture v. 7 (4): p.
161-167; 1992.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Zea mays; Weed control; Row spacing;
Glycine max; Helianthus annuus; Sustainability; Herbicides
Abstract: Crops grown in narrow rows (NR, 0.25 to 0.38 m)
shade weed seedlings more than do those grown in traditional
wide rows (WR, 0.76 m). NR crops may require less herbicide
and interrow cultivation than WR crops for equally effective
weed control. This hypothesis was tested by comparing weed
control and crop yield in NR and WR crops when the following
percentages of recommended application rates (RAR) of standard
herbicides were applied: soybean, 0, 50 and 100%, sunflower,
0, 25, 50, and 100%; and corn 0, 33, and 100% in three
separate sets of experiments conducted over 2, 3, and 4 years,
respectively. In all treatments with 100% RAR, excellent weed
control prevented reductions in crop yield. When only 25 to
50% RAR was applied, weed control was consistently high in NR
(82 to 99% control), but variable in WR (42 to 99% control).
Weed control and crop yields typically were lowest in NR
without herbicides. Interrow cultivation controlled 0 to 81%
of weeds in WR crops. In reduced herbicide treatments (25 to
50% RAR), yields of NR soybean and sunflower typically were
about equal to those in WR with 100% RAR, but NR corn yields
were about 10% less. Considering the reduced herbicide use and
lower weed control costs, planting corn, soybean, and
sunflower in narrow rows may represent a practical form of
low-input production of these important crops.
66 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Effect of rye (Secale cereale) mulch on weed control and soil
moisture in
soybean (Glycine max).
Liebl, R.; Simmons, F.W.; Wax, L.M.; Stoller, E.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1992
Oct. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 6 (4): p. 838-846; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Cabt; Glycine max; Conservation
tillage; No-tillage; Mulching; Secale cereale; Cover crops;
Zea mays; Crop residues; Weed control; Chenopodium album;
Setaria faberi; Amaranthus hybridus; Abutilon theophrasti;
Soil water content; Crop yield; Herbicides; Application date;
Planting date
67 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
The effect of straw disposal method on weed populations and
the efficacy of
herbicides on Alopecurus myosuroides, Bromus sterilis and
Bromus commutatus in
winter wheat crops.
Rule, J.S.
Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 799-806;
1991. Conference
held November 18-21, 1991, Brighton, England. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Alopecurus myosuroides; Bromus
sterilis; Bromus commutatus; Weed control; Herbicides; Straw
burning
68 NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
Effect of temperature and sucrose concentration on
hydroquinone toxicity in
leafy spurge suspension culture cells.
Hogan, M.E.; Manners, G.D.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Publishing Corporation; 1992 Sep.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 18 (9): p. 1541-1549; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Euphorbia esula; Callus; Cell suspensions;
Hydroquinone; Phytotoxicity; Sucrose; Temperature; Metabolic
detoxification; Allelopathy; Weed control; Antennaria
microphylla
Abstract: Euphorbia esula (leafy spurge) suspension culture
cell bioassays were used to determine whether sucrose
accumulation enhanced the glucosylation (detoxification) of
hydroquinone in this noxious weed. The bioassay results
indicate that cold temperatures and exogenous hydroquinone
represent a dual stress to spurge cell growth that can be
partially ameliorated by hydrolysis of sucrose. The persistent
susceptibility of leafy spurge suggests that hydroquinone-
producing forage plants (which are not toxic to animals) might
be used as natural competitors.
69 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Effect of the date of initial handweeding on the yield of
groundnut (Arachis
hypogaea).
Ambassa-Kiki, R.; Ngongang, J.C.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Apr.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (2): p. 413-433; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cameroon; Arachis hypogaea; Weed control;
Chemical control; Weeding; Manual weed control; Timing;
Ametryn; Prometryn; Application date; Crop yield; Ageratum
conyzoides; Bidens pilosa; Digitaria; Eleusine indica;
Euphorbia heterophylla
70 NAL Call. No.: 421 J822
Effect of tillage practices and weed management on survival of
stalk borer
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs and larvae.
Levine, E.
Lanham, Md. : Entomological Society of America; 1993 Jun.
Journal of economic entomology v. 86 (3): p. 924-928; 1993
Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Zea mays; Seedlings; Papaipema nebris;
Survival; Cultural control; Insect control; Tillage; Weed
control; Weeds
Abstract: Increased use of conservation tillage by midwestern
corn growers in the 1970s and 1980s has led to a greater
incidence of problems with the stalk borer, Papaipema nebris
(Guenee). In particular, serious infestations have occurred
throughout entire fields where no-till is practiced. A 3-yr
factorial experiment (1983-1986) assessed the effect of three
tillage practices (fall moldboard plow and spring disk, fall
chisel plow and spring disk, and no-till) at two levels of
weed management (weed growth present or absent in spring) on
the survival of stalk borer eggs and development of larvae
from surviving eggs. Injury to corn was used as a relative
measure of stalk borer survival. Egg masses were infested on
or immediately adjacent to grassy weeds after harvest but
before tillage operations took place. Winter wheat was sowed
in the fall to supplement natural weed growth in the plots
with no weed control. In plots with the high level of weed
control, plant growth was controlled, as needed, with paraquat
in spring before planting. In all three studies, the tillage X
weed management interaction was not significant and the
moldboard-plow treatment significantly decreased stalk borer
damage when compared with the no-till treatment. The chisel-
plow treatment was generally intermediate between the no-till
treatment and the moldboard-plow treatment in reducing stalk
borer damage. The absence of weed growth in spring tended to
decrease infestations of larvae, although the difference in
damage between the two levels of weed management was
significant in only one of the study periods. In that period,
the interval between predicted 50% stalk borer egg hatch and
the one-leaf-stage of corn development was greater than that
interval for the other two studies. Even with the burial of
eggs by soil with the moldboard-plow treatment, some larvae
successfully eclosed and survived to damage corn seedlings in
two of the three studies, with or without the presence of
weeds. Although the results clearly show that no-tillage
planting practices favor the survival of stalk borer eggs and
larvae, other studies suggest that stalk borers would be
better managed by controlling grassy weeds within fields in
the late summer and early fall to prevent oviposition rather
than relying on tillage or weed control practices to reduce
populations of eggs and larvae after oviposition has already
taken place.
71 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Effect of tillage systems on the emergence depth of giant
(Setaria faberi) and
green foxtail (Setaria viridis).
Buhler, D.D.; Mester, T.C.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 200-203; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Setaria faberi; Setaria viridis; Weed biology;
Cultural weed
control; Conservation tillage; Plowing; Chiselling; Seedling
emergence; Population density; Buried seeds; Depth
Abstract: The effect of tillage systems on depth of emergence
and densities of giant and green foxtail under different
environmental and cropping conditions were evaluated from 1985
to 1987 at Arlington, Hancock, and Janesville, WI. Mean
emergence depths in no-till were the shallowest, followed by
chisel plow and conventional tillage at each location. At
least 40% of the giant and green foxtail plants emerged from
the upper 1 cm of soil in no-till compared to about 25% in
chisel plow and less than 15% in conventional tillage. As many
as 25% of the plants emerged from greater than 4 cm in
conventional tillage compared to about 10% in chisel plow and
less than 5% in no-till. Seedlings emerged from greater depths
in a loamy sand than in a silt loam soil regardless of tillage
system. At Arlington, green foxtail was the dominant species
in conventional tillage, while giant foxtail dominated in
chisel plow and no-till. Foxtail densities were greater in
chisel plow and no-till than in conventional tillage at all
three locations.
72 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
Effective irrigation for weed control.
Hartin, J.S.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1991.
Proceedings - California Weed Conference (43rd): p. 55-58;
1991. Meeting held
January 21-23, 1991, Santa Barbara, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Cultural weed control; Irrigation
scheduling; Weather
data
73 NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6
The effects of black plastic mulch and weed control strategies
on herb yield.
Ricotta, J.A.; Masiunas, J.B.
Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science;
1991 May.
HortScience v. 26 (5): p. 539-541; 1991 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ocimum basilicum; Rosmarinus officinalis;
Petroselinum crispum; Cultural weed control; Mulches;
Polyethylene film; Chemical control; Glyphosate; Napropamide;
Hoeing; Crop yield; Herbage; Dry matter accumulation;
Portulaca oleracea
Abstract: Black polyethylene mulch and weed control
strategies were evaluated for potential use by small acreage
herb producers. In both 1988 and 1989, the mulch greatly
increased fresh and dry weight yields of basil (Ocimum
basilicum L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.).
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum Nym.) yield did not respond to
the mulch. Preplant application of napropamide provided weed
control for 2 weeks, but was subsequently not effective on a
heavy infestation of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Hand-
hoed and glyphosate-treated plots (both with and without
plastic) produced equivalent yields.
74 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.B5
The effects of crop combination and row arrangement in the
intercropping of
lettuce, favabean and pea on weed biomass and diversity and on
crop yields.
Sharaiha, R.; Gliessman, S.
Oxon : A B Academic Publishers; 1992.
Biological agriculture and horticulture : an international
journal v. 9 (1): p. 1-13; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Lactuca sativa; Pisum sativum; Vicia
faba; Intercrops; Intercropping; Organic farming; Weed
control; Crop weed competition; Species diversity; Biomass;
Crop yield
75 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
Effects of defoliation, shading and competition on spotted
knapweed and
bluebunch wheatgrass.
Kennett, G.A.; Lacey, J.R.; Butt, C.A.; Olson-Rutz, K.M.;
Haferkamp, M.R.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Jul.
Journal of range management v. 45 (4): p. 363-369; 1992 Jul.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Centaurea maculosa; Weed control;
Cultural control; Defoliation; Grazing effects; Plant
competition; Gramineae; Light relations; Shade; Regrowth;
Competitive ability
Abstract: Spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa Lam.) is a
noxious plant that has invaded many native ranges in the
Northern Intermountain Region. Although the use of livestock
to control knapweed is intuitively appealing, feasibility of
the strategy has received little attention. This greenhouse
study was conducted to evaluate response of spotted knapweed
to defoliation, light, and competition. Although total
knapweed biomass (g/plant) was not altered by defoliation
treatments, several of the more severe treatments adversely
affected root, crown, and final harvest foliage. Root and
crown growth were also adversely affected by increasing
competition from bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria
spicata). Foliage, root, and crown growth of spotted knapweed
increased significantly when plants received full, rather than
half light. Spotted knapweed was less sensitive to defoliation
than was bluebunch wheatgrass. Although the feasibility of
using livestock to control spotted knapweed cannot be
completely disregarded, data suggest that the knapweed would
have to be selectively and repeatedly grazed during the
growing season.
76 NAL Call. No.: SK357.A1W5
Effects of herbicides and burning on overstory defoliation and
deer forage
production.
Thompson, M.W.; Shaw, M.G.; Umber, R.W.; Skeen, J.E.;
Thackston, R.E.
Bethesda, Md. : The Society; 1991.
Wildlife Society bulletin v. 19 (2): p. 163-170; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Defoliation; Forest fires; Herbicides;
Prescribed
burning; Weed control; Wildlife; Resources; Odocoileus
Virginianus; Browse; Nutrient availability
77 NAL Call. No.: 100 L939
Effects of management practices on surface water quality from
rice fields.
Feagley, S.E.; Sigua, G.C.; Bengston, R.L.; Bollich, P.K.;
Linscombe, S.D.
Baton Rouge, La. : The Station; 1993.
Louisiana agriculture - Louisiana Agricultural Experiment
Station v. 36 (1): p. 8-10; 1993.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Oryza sativa; Water pollution; Weed
control; Cultural
control; Fertilizers; Field tests; No-tillage; Cultivation;
Water quality
78 NAL Call. No.: 10 Ex72
The effects of sole and traditional intercropping of millet
and cowpea on soil
and crop productivity.
Reddy, K.C.; Visser, P.L.; Klaij, M.C.; Renard, C.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1994 Jan.
Experimental agriculture v. 30 (1): p. 83-88; 1994 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sahel; Cabt; Niger; Cabt; Pennisetum Americanum;
Vigna unguiculata; Continuous cropping; Intercropping;
Nitrogen fertilizers; Crop
yield; Soil fertility; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen; Phosphorus;
Striga
hermonthica; Weed control; Low input agriculture
79 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Effects of tillage on vertical distribution and viability of
weed seed in
soil.
Yenish, J.P.; Doll, J.D.; Buhler, D.D.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992 Jul.
Weed science v. 40 (3): p. 429-433; 1992 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Chenopodium album; Annuals; Weeds;
Seeds; Seed banks; Weed biology; Seed germination; Population
dynamics; Spatial distribution; Tillage; No-tillage;
Conservation tillage; Plowing
Abstract: The effect of different levels of tillage and weed
management on population, distribution, and germination of
weed seed was evaluated in three tillage systems at Arlington
and Hancock, WI, in 1989 and 1990. Over 60% of all weed seed
in the top 19 cm of soil were found in the top 1 cm in no-
tillage at both sites. As depth increased, concentration of
weed seed declined logarithmically in no-tillage. In chisel
plowing, over 30% of seed were in the top 1 cm and seed
concentration decreased linearly with depth. Moldboard plowing
had uniform distribution of weed seed in the top 19 cm of
soil. Preemergence metolachlor plus atrazine decreased weed
seed population by 50% compared with no treatment over all
tillage systems. One year of the herbicide treatment plus
handweeding to assure weed-free conditions did not reduce seed
numbers in chisel plowing or moldboard plowing compared to
herbicide alone. Seed numbers with no-tillage and weed-free
conditions decreased by 40% relative to herbicide alone.
Common lambsquarters germination was 40% greater in moldboard
plowing and chisel plowing compared with no-tillage.
Germination was highest in seed taken from 9 to 19 cm deep in
moldboard plowing and from 0 to 9 cm deep in chisel plowing.
80 NAL Call. No.: 10 J822
Effects of various hand-weeding programmers on yield and
components of yield
of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) grown in the tropical
lowlands of Papua New
Guinea.
Levett, M.P.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Feb.
The Journal of agricultural science v. 118 (pt.1): p. 63-70;
1992 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Papua new guinea; Ipomoea batatas; Weeds; Manual
weed control; Crop weed competition; Crop yield; Cultivars;
Harvesting date; Yield
components; Lowland areas; Tropics
81 NAL Call. No.: 26 T754
Effects of weed control methods on maize and intercrop yields
and net income
of small-holder farmers, Nigeria.
Zuofa, K.; Tariah, N.M.
London : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Apr.
Tropical agriculture v. 69 (2): p. 167-170; 1992 Apr.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nigeria; Zea mays; Weed control; Intercrops; Crop
yield; Farm
income; Small farms
82 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
Enhancing control of eastern redcedar through individual plant
ignition
following prescribed burning.
Engle, D.M.; Stritzke, J.F.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Sep.
Journal of range management v. 45 (5): p. 493-495; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Juniperus Virginiana; Brush control;
Prescribed
burning; Vegetation management; Pastures; Grassland management
Abstract: Fire-scorched crowns of live eastern redcedar
(Juniperus virginiana L.) were ignited using a propane torch
in 3 studies to quantify the efficacy and to determine the
feasibility of the technique as a follow-up treatment for
killing trees that survived prescribed burns. In the first
study, we ignited 98 fire-scorched, live trees 20 to 64 days
following a prescribed burn. Igniting scorched trees in
several positions killed 90% of the crown and two-thirds of
the trees regardless of tree size. Logistic regression models
indicated reburning was more effective on trees highly damaged
after prescribed burning. In the second study, one person
equipped with a self-contained backpack propane burner used
single-point ignition to treat in average of 1 tree every 17
seconds (range 11 to 20 seconds) on 0.25-ha plots.
Effectiveness of the single-point ignition declined with
increasing tree size. In the third study, the average time
required to burn a tree was 19 seconds in eight 32-ha
pastures. Cost in this field-scale study for labor, propane,
fuel, and equipment depreciation was $0.03/ignited tree.
83 NAL Call. No.: SB1.J66
Evaluation of landscape fabrics in suppressing growth of weed
species.
Martin, C.A.; Ponder, H.G.; Gilliam, C.H.
Washington, D.C. : Horticultural Research Institute; 1991 Mar.
Journal of environmental horticulture v. 9 (1): p. 38-40; 1991
Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Landscape gardening; Amaranthus; Cynodon
dactylon; Cassia
obtusifolia; Cyperus esculentus; Jacquemontia tamnifolia;
Sorghum halepense; Mulching; Cultural weed control; Pine bark;
Polypropylenes; Plastic fabric; Penetration; Growth rate;
Inhibition; Suppression
84 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Evaluation of reduced herbicide application strategies for
weed control in
coarse-textured soils.
Bicki, T.J.; Wax, L.M.; Sipp, S.K.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Oct.
Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (4): p. 516-519; 1991
Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Illinois; Zea mays; Glycine max; Coarse textured
soils; Digitaria
sanguinalis; Chenopodium album; Amaranthus hybridus; Ambrosia
artemisiifolia; Weed control; Herbicides; Cultivation; Band
placement; Broadcasting; Application rates; Costs; Seedling
emergence; Crop density; Crop damage; Crop
yield; Grain; Seasonal variation; Cost effectiveness analysis;
Feasibility
85 NAL Call. No.: SB950.A1P3
Evaluation of various weed control practices in cowpea.
Elliot, P.C.; Moody, K.
London : Taylor & Francis; 1992 Jan.
Tropical pest management v. 38 (1): p. 5-8; 1992 Jan.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Philippines; Vigna unguiculata; Weeds;
Cultivation; Hoeing; Manual weed control; Crop yield; Economic
analysis; Field experimentation; Planting season
86 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Evidence that sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is allelopathic
to yellow
nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus).
Harrison, H.F. Jr; Peterson, J.K.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 308-312; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Carolina; Ipomoea batatas; Allelopathy;
Cyperus esculentus; Weed control; Biological control;
Competitive ability; Crop weed competition; Roots; Growth
rate; Inhibition; Plant extracts; Periderm; Crop yield; Tubers
Abstract: In field studies, 'Regal' sweet potato greatly
reduced yellow nutsedge growth when the two species were grown
together using standard cultural practices. At the end of the
growing season, yellow nutsedge shoot dry weight per m2, in
plots where the two species were planted together was less
than 10% of shoot weight in plots where nutsedge was grown
alone. Presence of yellow nutsedge did not markedly affect
sweet potato growth. When grown together in a greenhouse
experiment designed to minimize the competitive effects of
sweet potato on yellow nutsedge, yellow nutsedge growth was
reduced more than 50% by sweet potato 8 and 12 weeks after
planting. The most polar fraction of serially extracted sweet
potato periderm tissue was highly inhibitory to yellow
nutsedge root growth. These results indicate that sweet potato
interference with yellow nutsedge under field conditions is
partially due to allelopathy.
87 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
Evolution to non-chemical weed control in grapes.
Weaver, C.A.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1993.
Proceedings / (45th): p. 75-76; 1993. Paper presented at the
Conference on
"Weeds and People, Putting Weed Management in Perspective,"
January 18-20, 1993, Costa Mesa, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vitis vinifera; Weed control; Integrated control
88 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Fall cultivation and fertilization to reduce winterhardiness
of leafy spurge
(Euphorbia esula).
Lym, R.G.; Messersmith, C.G.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jul.
Weed science v. 41 (3): p. 441-446; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Euphorbia esula; Weed biology; Perennial weeds;
Winter hardiness; Cold resistance; Weed control; Chemical
control; Picloram; 2,4-d; Cultural
weed control; Nitrogen fertilizers; Autumn; Tillage; Winter
kill; Plant
composition; Carbohydrates
Abstract: Reduced-tillage practices have allowed leafy spurge
to infest cropland. The reduction in leafy spurge infestation
and winterhardiness by fall tillage, N application, or
herbicide treatment was evaluated. Cultivating leafy spurge
twice each fall for 3 yr provided complete control.
Cultivation followed by N application at 225 kg ha-1 reduced
the stand by 85% after 3 yr, whereas N applied alone had
little effect. Picloram plus 2,4-D at 0.6 plus 1 kg ha-1
reduced the infestation to 65% of the untreated control after
2 yr but then the infestation declined rapidly to 1% after a
third application. Leafy spurge cold tolerance decreased as
root depth increased. The GR50 and LT50, the temperatures
required to reduce total dry weight and survival,
respectively, by 50% varied by root depth and treatment. For
example, the LT50 and GR50 for untreated leafy spurge averaged
-19 and < -20 C for crowns, respectively, compared to the -16
and -18 C for roots from 0 to 15 cm deep and -13 and -12.5 C
for roots from 15 to 30 cm deep. The GR50 and LT50 temperature
after 2 yr of treatment was reduced to 0 C by two cultivations
in fall or picloram plus 2,4-D. Carbohydrate content was not a
good indicator of winterhardiness. Cultivation reduced the
leafy spurge root system faster than herbicide treatment
especially at the 15- to 30-cm depth.
89 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68
Fallow method affects downy brome population in winter wheat.
Tanaka, D.L.; Anderson, R.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jan.
Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (1): p. 117-119; 1992
Jan. Paper
presented at a symposium on "Ecology and Management of Grazing
Systems"
presented at the annual meeting of the American Association
for the Advancement of Science, January 14-19, 1991, San
Francisco, California.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Montana; Triticum aestivum; Winter wheat; Bromus
tectorum; Population change; Stubble mulching; Minimum
tillage; No-tillage; Fallow
90 NAL Call. No.: HD1773.A3N6
A farmer's choice of weed control method and the impacts of
policy and risk.
Olson, K.D.; Eidman V.R.
East Lansing, Mich. : Michigan State University; 1992 Jan.
Review of agricultural economics v. 14 (1): p. 125-137; 1992
Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Maize; Weed control; Decision making;
Herbicides; Mechanical methods; Agricultural policy; Federal
programs; Economic impact; Farm income; Taxes; Subsidies;
Market economics; Incentives; Risk; Constraints; Deficiency
payments; Innovation adoption; Motad
Abstract: The importance of risk in a farmer's decision to
use herbicides should not be forgotten. This paper presents a
theoretical model of the weed control decision and develops a
MOTAD programming model. The model uses herbicides at levels
of risk aversion found in previous empirical studies. This
result was not changed by equal (or even higher) ASCS yields
for not using herbicides, a tax on herbicides, or the
elimination of deficiency payments. The variability of returns
was more important in influencing a farmer to choose
herbicides than the higher expected returns in a nonherbicide
system.
91 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883
Field apparatus for testing allelopathy of annual bluegrass on
creeping
bentgrass.
Brede, A.D.
Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1991 Sep.
Crop science v. 31 (5): p. 1372-1374; 1991 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris; Crop weed
competition; Poa
annua; Competitive ability; Allelopathy; Leachates; Field
experimentation; Apparatus; Design; Golf green soils
Abstract: Golf-course superintendents have long observed the
competitive nature of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) as a
weed on creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera L. var.
palustris (Huds.) Farw.] putting greens. Allelopathy has been
suggested as a contributing factor in this competitiveness.
This study tested the allelopathy hypothesis under putting-
green conditions using a modified field approach of the
conventional stair-step experimental procedure. Annual blue-
grass and creeping bentgrass sand putting greens, each 297 m2,
were established, and leachate from these greens was used to
irrigate replicated sand-based creeping bentgrass test greens.
Moisture sensing and irrigation of the test plots were under
continuous electronic control. The leachate sampling and
delivery system functioned flawlessly throughout the 2-yr
period, in spite of weather extremes (>40 degrees C). After
two growing seasons of monthly monitoring, no consistent
effects on turf color, foliar ground cover, shoot density, or
disease incidence were found in the test green to indicate
allelopathy.
92 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59
Forage quality of big bluestem in response to time of burning,
fertilization
and atrazine.
Mirchell, R.B.; Masters, R.A.; Waller, S.S.; Moore, K.J.
Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991.
Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p.
273-276; 1991. Meeting
held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia, Missouri. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Andropogon gerardii; Grassland management;
Atrazine; Weed
control; Nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers; Burning; Cultural
methods; Crop
quality; Forage
93 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Germination and growth of leafflower (Phyllanthus urinaria) as
affected by
cultural conditions and herbicides.
Wehtje, G.R.; Gilliam, C.H.; Reeder, J.A.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (1): p. 139-143; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Phyllanthus urinaria; Weed control; Oxadiazon;
Oryzalin; Oxyfluorfen; Paraquat; Acifluorfen; Seed
germination; Weed biology; Light
relations; Seedling emergence; Osmotic pressure; Cultural weed
control; Mulching
94 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control in bermudagrass (Cynodon
spp.) turf with
diclofop.
McCarty, L.B.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1991 Apr.
Weed science v. 39 (2): p. 255-261; 1991 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Cynodon dactylon; Hybrids; Cultivars;
Lawns and turf; Eleusine indica; Weed control; Chemical
control; Diclofop; Cutting height; Cultural weed control;
Integrated control; Herbicide mixtures; Metribuzin; Msma;
Nonionic surfactants; Application rates; Phytotoxicity;
Varietal
susceptibility; Sports grounds; Golf courses; Crop quality
Abstract: Greenhouse and field experiments were performed to
investigate diclofop rate and mowing height interactions on
goosegrass control and 'Tifgreen' and 'Tifdwarf' bermudagrass
tolerance. In greenhouse experiments, greatest goosegrass
control was achieved with diclofop when plants were maintained
at 1.3 cm. Increased diclofop rates were required to suppress
goosegrass mowed higher than 1.3 cm or unmowed. Greater than
90% goosegrass control was achieved with the combination of
1.3-cm mowing height and 0.6 kg ai ha-1 of diclofop. In field
experiments, a minimum of 2 weeks was necessary for complete
herbicidal activity. Diclofop at 1.1 kg ha-1 provided >90%
control of goosegrass mowed between 1.9 to 2.5 cm. The
addition of nonionic surfactant (0.25% by vol) to diclofop did
not influence control. The addition of metribuzin (0.1 kg ai
ha-1) to diclofop resulted in initial increased control, but
it was transient. The addition of MSMA (2.2 kg ai ha-1) to
diclofop reduced goosegrass control an average of 18% compared
to diclofop treatments alone. Tifdwarf bermudagrass was more
sensitive to diclofop compared to Tifgreen. Seven to 14 days
were required for Tifdwarf to recover from initial injury.
This injury, although significant, was acceptable for
bermudagrass used for golf greens. Clipping weights following
treatment were also less for Tifdwarf than Tifgreen.
95 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Grain rye residues and weed control strategies in reduced
tillage potatoes.
Lanfranconi, L.E.; Bellinder, R.R.; Wallace, R.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1992
Oct. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 6 (4): p. 1021-1026; 1992 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New York; Cabt; Solanum tuberosum; Tillage;
Minimum tillage; Secale cereale; Linuron; Metolachlor;
Hilling; Metribuzin; Efficacy; Crop
yield; Weed control; Amaranthus retroflexus; Chenopodium
album; Galinsoga
ciliata; Chemical control; Cultural control
96 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
Growth dynamics of crowns of eastern red-cedar at 3 locations
in Oklahoma.
Engle, D.M.; Kulbeth, J.D.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 May.
Journal of range management v. 45 (3): p. 301-305; 1992 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Oklahoma; Juniperus Virginiana; Brush control;
Prescribed
burning; Timing; Growth analysis; Growth rate; Age of trees;
Plant height; Crown; Canopy; Habit; Range management;
Vegetation management
Abstract: Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.) trees
from a location in western, central, and eastern Oklahoma were
aged by tree ring analysis to assess the relationship of tree
age to tree height and crown area. The relationship of tree
age to crown size differed with location. Trees in the oldest
age class, 28 to 29 years, ranged in height from 6.2 m on the
western Oklahoma location to 8.3 m on the eastern Oklahoma
location. The oldest trees at all locations were still
actively growing. Height growth rate of the oldest class of
trees averaged 0.5 to 0.6 m yr-1 on the western and eastern
study locations, respectively. Eastern redcedar reached 2.0 m
in height at about 8 years of age on the eastern Oklahoma
location. Trees reached 2.0 m in height in 10 to 14 years at
the other locations. This suggests that burning intervals
should be more frequent on the eastern Oklahoma location than
on the central and western Oklahoma locations. Crown area as a
function of tree age was not as similar as tree height among
the 3 locations. Not only did the relationship differ among
locations, but it differed also between 2 central Oklahoma
range sites. Crown area of 28-year-old trees ranged from only
15 m(2) on the central Oklahoma Loamy Prairie to 40 m(2) at
the eastern Oklahoma location. These data suggest that the
smaller crown area of trees at the central Oklahoma location
may be a result of an influence other than environment, such
as an introduction of plants of a different race with an
inherent columnar growth habit. The reduction in forage
production associated with eastern redcedar and the efficacy
of prescribed burning for controlling eastern redcedar would
change more rapidly as trees age on the eastern Oklahoma
location than on the other locations.
97 NAL Call. No.: 100 AL1H
Herbicide, cultivation, combination proves best for cotton
weed control.
Patterson, M.G.; Goodman, W.R.; Norris, N.E.; Webster, W.B.
Auburn University, Ala. : The Station; 1991.
Highlights of agricultural research - Alabama Agricultural
Experiment Station
v. 38 (3): p. 6; 1991.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alabama; Gossypium; Weed control
98 NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
Hesperetin 7-rutinoside (Hesperidan) and taxifolin 3-
arabinoside as germination and growth inhibitors in soils
associated with the weed, Pluchea
lanceolata (DC) C.B. Clarke (Asteraceae).
Inderjit; Dakshini, K.M.M.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 Aug.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (8): p. 1585-1591; 1991 Aug.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pluchea; Plant composition; Allelopathy; Seed
germination; Bioassays; Extracts; Phenolic compounds; Weed
control
Abstract: Hesperetin 7-rutinoside (Hesperidin) and taxifolin
3-arabinoside were detected in the soils associated with the
rapidly spreading perennial weed, Pluchea lanceolata. In the
present investigations, inhibitory potential of the aqueous
extracts of the two compounds was established and confirmed
through growth experiments pertaining to seed germination and
seedling growth of radish, mustard, and tomato, with 10(-4) M
solutions or the authentic samples. The significance of the
water-soluble compounds present in the rhizosphere zones of
the weed and its interference potential is commented upon.
99 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.O74
How to handle America's ten least wanted weeds.
Jesiolowski, J.
Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Press, Inc; 1992 Jul.
Organic gardening v. 39 (6): p. 48-53; 1992 Jul.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Canada; Weeds; Manual weed control;
Cultural weed
control; Weeding; Cultivation; Domestic gardens
100 NAL Call. No.: SB476.G7
How to use landscape fabrics.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1993
Mar. Grounds maintenance v. 28 (3): p. 60-61; 1993 Mar.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Landscaping; Weed control; Fabrics;
Mulches; Stapling
101 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62
Hydrilla: a rapidly spreading aquatic weed in North Carolina.
Kay, S.H.
Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1992 May.
AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North
Carolina State
University (449): 11 p.; 1992 May.
Language: English
Descriptors: North Carolina; Hydrilla verticillata; Weed
control; Aquatic
weeds; Biological control; Cultural control; Chemical control
102 NAL Call. No.: 99.9 SO82
The impact of weeds and two legume crops on Eucalyptus hybrid
clone establishment.
Schumann, A.W.
Pretoria : South African Forestry Association; 1992 Mar.
South African forestry journal (160): p. 43-48; 1992 Mar.
Paper presented at
the IUFRO Symposium on "Intensive Forestry: The Role of
Eucalypts," held Sept
1991, Durban, South Africa. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Eucalyptus; Forest plantations; Crop weed
competition; Weed
control; Cultural methods; Mucuna pruriens; Vigna unguiculata;
Herbicides; Cover crops
103 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
An improved method for measuring temperatures during range
fires. Jacoby, P.W.; Ansley, R.J.; Trevino, B.A.
Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Mar.
Journal of range management v. 45 (2): p. 216-220; 1992 Mar.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Texas; Rangelands; Fires; Prescribed burning;
Measurement; Temperature; Thermocouples; Fire behavior
Abstract: A technique for recording time-temperature curves
within field-scale range fires was accomplished using a
commercially available data logger capable of rapidly reading
large numbers of thermocouples. A specially designed fireproof
box was utilized to house and protect the data logger within
the center of the burned area. Programming features allowed
temperatures to be measured and recorded rapidly (each second)
during the passage of the fire front and recorded as 1-minute
means before and after the combustion interval. Strategic
placement of thermocouples provided time-temperature profiles
for various heights above ground, rate of spread, and duration
of heat above specific temperatures. Additionally, measurement
of preheating prior to the actual flame passage was obtained
by placement of the recorder and thermocouples well within the
burned area. This technique may provide better quantification
of fire effects on vegetation, especially woody weeds targeted
for control with fire, by documenting temperature extremes and
their duration at critical growing points on plants.
104 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W412
Influence of pasture grass and legume swards on seedling
emergence and growth
of Carduus nutans L. and Cirsium vulgare L.
Wardle, D.A.; Rahman, A.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1992 Apr.
Weed research v. 32 (2): p. 119-128; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pastures; Dactylis glomerata; Phalaris aquatica;
Lolium perenne; Bromus catharticus; Holcus lanatus; Festuca
arundinacea; Medicago sativa; Trifolium pratense; Trifolium
subterraneum; Trifolium repens; Crop weed
competition; Carduus nutans; Cirsium vulgare; Seedling
emergence; Growth rate; Inhibition; Weed control; Biological
control; Allelopathy
105 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU792
Influence of preseason weed management and in-crop treatments
on two
successive wheat crops. 2. Take-all severity and incidence of
rhizoctonia root
rot.
Wong, P.T.W.; Dowling, P.M.; Tesoriero, L.A.; Nicol, H.I. East
Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization; 1993.
Australian journal of experimental agriculture v. 33 (2): p.
173-177; 1993.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: New South Wales; Triticum; Weed control; Weeds;
Cultural control; Cultivation; Gaeumannomyces graminis;
Herbicides; Interactions; Rhizoctonia
solani; Root rots; Crop yield
106 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Influence of tillage, crop rotation, and weed management on
giant foxtail
(Setaria faberi) population dynamics and corn yield.
Schreiber, M.M.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1992.
Weed science v. 40 (4): p. 645-653; 1992. Paper presented at
the "Symposium
on crop/weed management and the dynamics of weed seedbanks,"
February 11, 1992, Orlando, Florida. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Indiana; Zea mays; Setaria faberi; Weed biology;
Seed banks; Population density; Population dynamics; Plowing;
No-tillage; Rotations; Allelopathy; Cropping systems; Crop
yield; Weed control; Chemical control; Herbicides
Abstract: A long-term integrated pest management study
initiated in 1980 and continued through 1991 was conducted to
determine interactions of tillage, crop rotation, and
herbicide use levels on weed seed populations, weed
populations, and crop yield. This paper presents giant foxtail
seed population and stand along with corn yield in continuous
corn, corn rotated with soybean, or corn following wheat in a
soybean-wheat-corn rotation. Increasing herbicide use levels
above the minimum reduced giant foxtail seed in the 0-to 2.5-
cm depth of soil. Reducing tillage from conventional moldboard
plowing to chiseling to no-tilling increased giant foxtail
seed in only the top 0 to 2.5 cm of soil. No-tilling increased
giant foxtail seed over conventional tillage in each year data
were collected. Growing corn in a soybean-corn or soybean-
wheat-corn rotation reduced giant foxtail seed from corn grown
continuously in all three soil depths sampled: 0 to 2.5 cm,
2.5 to 10 cm, and 10 to 20 cm. Although stands of giant
foxtail tended to follow soil weed seed counts, crop rotation
significantly reduced giant foxtail stand with maximum
reduction in the soybean-wheat-corn rotation in all tillage
systems. Giant foxtail stands were reduced following wheat in
no-tilling, probably because of the allelopathic influence of
wheat straw. Corn yields showed weed management levels above
minimum control are not justified regardless of tillage and
crop rotation.
107 NAL Call. No.: SB599.C8
Influence of weed-control practices in the first crop on the
tillage
requirements for the succeeding crops in an upland
rice-maize-cowpea cropping
sequence.
Elliot, P.C.; Moody, K.
Guildford : Butterworths; 1991 Feb.
Crop protection v. 10 (1): p. 28-33; 1991 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Philippines; Oryza sativa; Upland rice;
Sequential cropping; Zea
mays; Vigna unguiculata; Weeding; Hoeing; Manual weed control;
Chemical
control; Pendimethalin; No-tillage; Plowing; Harrowing; Crop
yield; Grain; Cost benefit analysis
108 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Inhibition of weed seed germination by microwaves.
Barker, A.V.; Craker, L.E.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Mar.
Agronomy journal v. 83 (2): p. 302-305; 1991 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Avena sativa; Weeds; Seeds; Microwave treatment;
Microwave
radiation; Heat treatment; Cultural weed control; Seed
germination; Germination inhibitors; Soil sterilization
Abstract: Irradiation with radiofrequency energy (RF), which
includes microwaves, brings about dielectric beating of moist
materials. Some agricultural applications of dielectric
heating by RF have included insects control in stored grains
and improved germination of seed stocks. The objective of the
present research was to evaluate microwave heating of soils as
a technique for weed control. Approximately 800-g masses of
soil of variable wetness (10-280 g H2O/kg soil) containing
seeds of oat (Avena sativa L.) and indigenous weeds were
heated in a microwave (2.45 GHz) oven for 15 to 240 s. Soil
masses were 5 cm deep in flats. Oat seeds were placed 2 cm
deep into the soil. Heating of soils to 80 degrees C or higher
inhibited emergence of oats and weed species. About 120 s of
heating were needed to reach 80 degrees C. Maintaining this
temperature for 30 s was needed for strong inhibition.
Moisture content in this experiment had little effect on
dielectric heating. Time required to heat soil to killing
temperatures appears to be a factor limiting application of
this technique. The procedure may be applicable to soil
sterilization in cases in which other physical processes or
chemical means are inconvenient or undesirable.
109 NAL Call. No.: 81 M384
In-row rotary tilling for orchard weed control.
McCue, J.J.; Schupp, J.R.
North Amherst, Mass. : The Association; 1992.
New England fruit meetings ... Proceedings of the ... annual
meeting -
Massachusetts Fruit Growers' Association v. 98: p. 114-116;
1992.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maine; Malus pumila; Orchards; Weed control; Row
tillage; Rotary
cultivators; Fruit trees; Growth; Crop yield; Fruit; Size
110 NAL Call. No.: SB469.G76
Integrated weed management (IWM)--does it exist?.
San Rafael, CA : Cooperative Extension; 1992 May.
Growing points - University of California Cooperative
Extension v. 28 (10): p.
3-4; 1992 May. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Landscaping; Weed control; Integrated pest
management; Herbicides; Mulching; Trickle irrigation
111 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
An integrated weed management procedure for the control of
dodder (Cuscuta
indecora) in alfalfa (Medicago sativa).
Cudney, D.W.; Orloff, S.B.; Reints, J.S.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (3): p. 603-606; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Medicago sativa; Cuscuta indecora;
Integrated
control; Weed control; Trifluralin; Chemical control; Mowing;
Burning; Cost
analysis; Crop yield; Crop density; Seeds; Viability
112 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Integrated weed management techniques to reduce herbicide
inputs in soybean.
Buhler, D.D.; Gunsolus, J.L.; Ralston, D.F.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Nov.
Journal of the American Society of Agronomy v. 84 (6): p.
973-978; 1992 Nov.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Minnesota; Glycine max; Weed control; Chemical
control; Farm
inputs; Alachlor; Metribuzin; Application rates; Hoeing;
Manual weed control; Chemical vs. cultural weed control;
Weeds; Plant density; Crop yield
Abstract: Information on integrated weed management systems
is needed so that producers can develop systems that minimize
the environmental impacts of weed control without sacrificing
profitability of crop production. Reduced rates of broadcast-
or band-applied alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-
(methoxymethyl)acetamide] plus metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-
dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-4(4H) -one] and
rotary hoeing, each in combination with between-row
cultivation, were evaluated for weed control in soybean
[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. One or two between-row cultivations
allowed for a 50 to 75% reduction in the amount of herbicide
used without reducing weed control or soybean yield. Reducing
herbicide rates also decreased soybean injury. Two passes of a
rotary hoe reduced weed densities up to 75% and increased the
effectiveness of subsequent cultivations. However, two passes
of the rotary hoe reduced soybean density as compared to other
treatments. In 1989, under low weed densities, several
mechanical weed control systems resulted in soybean yields
similar to the weed-free control. In 1990, under greater weed
densities, mechanical weed control systems resulted in reduced
soybean yields compared to weed control systems that included
herbicides. Based on the results of this research, switching
from chemical-intensive systems to mechanical weed management
systems under high weed pressure is not advisable. Under high
weed pressure, reduced rates of herbicide, broadcasted or
banded over the soybean row, in combination with cultivation
provided excellent weed control. Mechanical weed control as a
part of an integrated weed management system should maximize
weed control while minimizing herbicide use.
113 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Integrated wild oat (Avena fatua) management affects spring
barley (Hordeum
vulgare) yield and economics.
Barton, D.L.; Thill, D.C.; Shafii, B.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jan.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (1): p. 129-135; 1992 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Idaho; Hordeum vulgare; Weed control; Avena
fatua; Chemical
control; Diclofop; Tri-allate; Difenzoquat; Cultural weed
control; Row
spacing; Sowing rates; Integrated control; Crop yield; Grain;
Economic
analysis; Returns
114 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Integrating reduced herbicide use with mechanical weeding in
corn (Zea mays).
Mulder, T.A.; Doll, J.D.
Champaign, Ill. : The Weed Science Society of America; 1993
Apr. Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society
of America v. 7 (2): p. 382-389; 1993 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Wisconsin; Cabt; Zea mays; Weed control;
Integrated control; Chemical control; Hoeing; Atrazine;
Metolachlor; Herbicide mixtures; Broadcasting; Band placement;
Crop yield; Grain; Returns; Economic analysis; Soil
compaction; Low input agriculture
115 NAL Call. No.: SB610.W39
Integration of cereal cover crops in ridge-tillage corn (Zea
mays) production.
Eadie, A.G.; Swanton, C.J.; Shaw, J.E.; Anderson, G.W.
Champaign, Ill. : The Society; 1992 Jul.
Weed technology : a journal of the Weed Science Society of
America v. 6 (3): p. 553-560; 1992 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ontario; Zea mays; Cultivars; Minimum tillage;
Ridging; Cereals; Cover crops; Crop residues; Intercropping;
Biomass production; Weed control; Crop establishment; Plant
density; Crop yield
116 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Interaction of light, soil moisture, and temperature with weed
suppression by
hairy vetch residue.
Teasdale, J.R.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jan.
Weed science v. 41 (1): p. 46-51; 1993 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vicia; Vetch; Cover crops; Light relations;
Allelopathy; Soil
water; Temperature; Shade; Establishment; Zea mays; Abutilon
theophrasti; Setaria viridis; Chenopodium album; Night
temperature; Weed control; Suppression
Abstract: The influence of light, soil moisture. and
temperature on establishment of selected species through hairy
vetch residue on the soil surface was investigated under
controlled conditions in the greenhouse. Hairy vetch residue
at rates ranging from 0 to 616 g m-2 had no effect on corn,
slightly reduced velvetleaf and green foxtail establishment,
and severely inhibited common lambsquarters establishment
under full sunlight conditions. The same rates of hairy vetch
residue reduced velvetleaf, green foxtail, and common
lambsquarters establishment more under a shade cloth with 9%
light transmittance than under full sunlight. Day/night
temperatures of 24/16 or 32/26 degrees C had no effect and
soil moistures of 50 or 133% field capacity had little effect
on response of all species to residue rates. Weed
establishment was similar under shade cloth without residue as
under residue with an equivalent light transmittance,
suggesting that light was more important than allelopathy or
physical impedance for weed suppression by hairy vetch
residue.
117 NAL Call. No.: SB610.2.B74
Interactions between three weed species of winter wheat in
response to
management practices.
McCloskey, M.; Firbank, L.G.; Watkinson, A.R.
Surrey : BCPC Registered Office; 1991.
Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds v. 2: p. 791-798;
1991. Conference
held November 18-21, 1991, Brighton, England. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Bromus sterilis; Galium
aparine; Papaver
rhoeas; Weed control; Herbicides; Cultural control
118 NAL Call. No.: 79.9 C122
Interplanting cereals and grasses during the last year of an
alfalfa stand.
Bendixen, W.E.; Lanini, T.
Fremont, Calif. : California Weed Conference; 1993.
Proceedings / (45th): p. 93-101; 1993. Paper presented at the
Conference on
"Weeds and People, Putting Weed Management in Perspective,"
January 18-20, 1993, Costa Mesa, California.
Language: English
Descriptors: California; Cabt; Medicago sativa; Interplanting;
Cereals; Grasses; Cultural weed control; Crop weed
competition; Competitive ability; Crop yield; Hay; Forage
119 NAL Call. No.: SB476.G7
Irrigation pond weed control.
Gallagher, J.E.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1991
Oct. Grounds maintenance v. 26 (10): p. 26, 28, 30, 50; 1991
Oct.
Language: English
Descriptors: Irrigation water; Ponds; Weed control; Aquatic
weeds; Design; Herbicides; Manual weed control; Chemical
control; Carp; Biological control; 2,4-d; Diquat; Endothal;
Fluridone; Simazine; Copper sulfate; Glyphosate
120 NAL Call. No.: QD415.A1J6
Isolation of substance from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
periderm tissue
that inhibits seed germination.
Peterson, J.K.; Harrison, H.F. Jr
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991 May.
Journal of chemical ecology v. 17 (5): p. 943-951; 1991 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ipomoea batatas; Periderm; Plant composition;
Allelopathy; Seed
germination; Inhibition; Weed control
Abstract: Chromatographic procedures were used to isolate
inhibitors of seed germination from sweet potato root periderm
tissue. The inhibitory activity of all fractions was monitored
using a proso millet seed germination bioassay. A single HPLC
peak, representing approximately 1.2% of the periderm dry
weight, accounted for most of the inhibitory activity. The
active fraction was labile in methanolic solution. Further
fractionation of this peak by HPLC methods was not successful.
In vitro seed germination dose-response relationships were
established for the peak. The various seed species exhibited
an extremely wide range of sensitivity. The I50 values were
0.16, 0.013 and 0.011 mg/ml for redroot pigweed, velvetleaf,
and proso millet, respectively. Tall morning glory was not
inhibited by any concentration tested.
121 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W41
Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) ecology and
interference in winter
wheat.
Anderson, R.L.
Champaign, Ill. : Weed Science Society of America; 1993 Jul.
Weed science v. 41 (3): p. 388-393; 1993 Jul. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Triticum aestivum; Aegilops cylindrica; Weed
biology; Crop weed
competition; Phenology; Emergence; Plant development; Water
uptake; Growth
rate; Cultural weed control; Crop yield; Yield losses
Abstract: Jointed goatgrass is a serious weed in winter
wheat, and presently no herbicides are available for its
selective control. This study examined the effect of time of
emergence and removal on jointed goatgrass interference in
winter wheat, as well as its rate of development and soil
water extraction. The goal of this study was to suggest
cultural practices that minimize jointed goatgrass
interference in winter wheat. Jointed goatgrass development
was identical to 'Vona' winter wheat in two crop seasons, even
though precipitation differed drastically between seasons.
Depth of soil water extraction of both species was also
similar. Jointed goatgrass at 18 plantsm-2 reduced grain yield
27 and 17% when emerging 0 and 42 d after Vona, respectively.
The relationship between time of jointed goatgrass emergence
after winter wheat and grain yield loss was Y = 30.6 - 0.29X
(X = days, r = 0.72), indicating that plants emerging in late
fall still caused yield loss. Removing jointed goatgrass by
early March prevented winter wheat grain yield loss. The
interference data suggests that producers assess infestation
levels and plan control measures in early March.
122 NAL Call. No.: SB476.G7
Keeping turfgrass out of flower beds.
Agnew, N.H.
Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1993
Apr. Grounds maintenance v. 28 (4): p. 46, 48; 1993 Apr.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Ornamental plants; Weed control; Grasses;
Lawns and turf; Herbicides; Barriers; Manual weed control;
Rhizomes; Tillers
123 NAL Call. No.: S541.5.A2R47
Landscape fabrics suppress growth of weed species.
Martin, C.A.; Gilliam, C.H.; Ponder, H.G.
Auburn, Ala. : The Station; 1991 Sep.
Research report series - Alabama Agricultural Experiment
Station, Auburn
University (7): p. 29-31; 1991 Sep.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cultural weed control; Polypropylenes
124 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P
Light transmittance, soil temperature, and soil moisture under
residue of
hairy vetch and rye.
Teasdale, J.R.; Mohler, C.L.
Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993
May. Agronomy journal v. 85 (3): p. 673-680; 1993 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Cabt; New York; Cabt; Secale cereale;
Vicia villosa; Cover crops; Crop residues; Biomass;
Microenvironments; Weeds; Seed banks; Seed germination; Soil
temperature; Light penetration; Soil water content; Cultural
weed control
Abstract: Cover crop residue on the surface of soils in no-
tillage systems can suppress weed emergence and growth.
Although allelopathy often is invoked to explain weed
suppression by residue, physical alterations of the seed
environment could be important as well. This experiment was
conducted to determine the light, temperature, and moisture
conditions under cover crop residue. Hairy vetch (Vicia
villosa Roth) and rye (Secale cereale L.) were desiccated with
a contact herbicide and residue rates ranging from one-fourth
to four times the natural residue biomass were established in
experiments at Beltsville, MD and Ithaca, N.Y. Photosynthetic
photon flux density (PPFD) was determined above and below
residue at approximately monthly intervals after initiation of
the experiment. Transmittance of PPFD through residue declined
according to an exponential decay function of residue biomass.
Transmittance was similar through hairy vetch and rye residue
initially, but as the experiment progressed, transmittance
through hairy vetch residue was greater than that through rye
because of faster decomposition of hairy vetch residue.
Spectral analysis from 400 to 1100 nm showed a slight increase
in transmittance as wavelength increased resulting in a slight
lowering of the red (660 nm) to far-red (730 nm) ratio
relative to that of unobstructed sunlight. Soil maximum
temperature and daily soil temperature amplitude were reduced
by cover crop residue. Residue prevented the decline of soil
water content during droughty periods. Results indicated that
reductions in light transmittance and daily soil temperature
amplitude by cover crop residue were sufficient to reduce
emergence of weeds but that maintenance of soil moisture could
increase weed emergence.
125 NAL Call. No.: S596.53.S69
Long-term effects of conservation practices on the nitrogen
fertility of a
soil cropped annually to wheat.
Wiltshire, G.H.; Du Preez, C.C.
Pretoria : Bureau for Scientific Publications, Foundation for
Education, Science and Technology, [1984-; 1993 May.
South African journal of plant and soil; Suid-Afrikaanse
tydskrif vir plant en
grond v. 10 (2): p. 70-76; 1993 May. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: South Africa; Cabt; Triticum aestivum;
Agricultural soils; Grassland soils; Uncultivated ground;
Comparisons; Soil fertility; Sustainability; Resource
conservation; Straw burning; Stubble mulching; Plowing; No-
tillage; Chemical vs. cultural weed control; Nitrogen
fertilizers; Application rates; Soil organic matter; Carbon;
Nitrogen; Nutrient availability; Mineralization; Nitrogen
content; Carbon-nitrogen ratio; Soil
depth; Soil degradation
126 NAL Call. No.: 100 C12CAG
Low-input management of weeds in vegetable fields.
Lanini, W.T.; LeStrange, M.
Oakland, Calif. : Division of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, University of
California; 1991 Jan.
California agriculture v. 45 (1): p. 11-13. ill; 1991 Jan.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Crop yield; Manual weed control;
Herbicides
127 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T
Mathematical simulation of a water hyacinth (Eichhornia
crassipes) towing
system.
Petrell, R.J.; Smerage, G.H.; Bagnall, L.O.
St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural
Engineers; 1992 Sep.
Transactions of the ASAE v. 35 (5): p. 1691-1698; 1992 Sep.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Florida; Eichhornia crassipes; Mechanical
harvesting; Weed
control; Mathematical models; Simulation models; Compaction
Abstract: A mathematical model representing a water hyacinth
towing system of moderate size was formulated as a network of
mechanical components. The system consisted of a rectangular
device enclosing water hyacinth mats of various shapes and
sizes and towing them by an applied input velocity. Three
physical properties of a mat were found to be significant:
viscous drag of plant rhizomes in water, viscous friction of
leaves sliding over each other during compaction, and masses
of the mat and accelerated water. Mass of the enclosure and a
spring in the enclosure for measuring towing force also was
incorporated in the model. Descriptions of the components and
their interconnections were based on experimental observations
and physical and hydromechanical fundamentals. Analyses of
model behaviour were performed for towing velocity less than
0.4 m/s, the experimentally observed velocity at the onset of
mat instability. Effects of different acceleration patterns,
mat physical characteristics, and towing velocity on system
behaviour were investigated in physical experiments and
simulations with the model. The model and new information upon
which it was based permit engineering design of different
types of systems for harvesting water hyacinths in sewage
treatment, canals, and lakes.
128 NAL Call. No.: SB611.M42
Mechanical weed control keys to getting yields while reducing
or eliminating
the use of herbicides.
Land Stewardship Project (U.S.)
Lewiston, MN : Land Stewardship Project, [1991?]; 1991.
8 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Cover title. Includes bibliographical
references (p.
[3] of cover).
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Conservation tillage; Sustainable
agriculture
129 NAL Call. No.: 58.9 In7
Mechanical weed control--the state of the art.
Pullen, D.
Silsoe : Institution of Agricultural Engineers; 1994.
The Agricultural engineer v. 49 (1): p. 25; 1994.
Language: English
Descriptors: England; Cabt; Weed control; Mechanical methods;
Equipment
130 NAL Call. No.: 79.8 W412
A model for prediction of yield response in weed harrowing.
Rasmussen, J.
Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1991 Dec.
Weed research v. 31 (6): p. 401-408; 1991 Dec. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Denmark; Cultural weed control; Harrowing; Crop
yield; Responses; Prediction; Models; Crop damage; Hordeum
vulgare; Weeds; Sowing; Phacelia
tanacetifolia; Brassica napus
131 NAL Call. No.: QH540.E23
A model of the effects of tillage on emergence of weed
seedlings. Mohler, C.L.
Tempe, Ariz. : Ecological Society of America; 1993 Feb.
Ecological applications v. 3 (1): p. 53-73; 1993 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Weeds; Seedling emergence; Plowing; No-tillage;
Rotary cultivation; Seeds; Survival; Soil depth; Mathematical
models; Seed banks; Manual weed control; Cultural weed control
132 NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84
More for less--a new way to grow tomatoes.
Stanley, D.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1991 Oct.
Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Agricultural Research
Service v. 39 (10): p. 14-15; 1991 Oct.
Language: English
Descriptors: Maryland; Lycopersicon esculentum; Mulches; Vicia
villosa; Weed
control; Insect control; Plant residues; Crop yield; Growth
133 NAL Call. No.: S37.F72
Moss and algae control in lawns.
Boyd, J.
Little Rock : The Service; 1992 Aug.
FSA - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Arkansas
(2110): 2 p.; 1992
Aug.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Mmosses; Algae; Weed control;
Herbicides; Cultural control
134 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N7S3
Mulches are alternatives for orchard weed control.
Merwin, I.
Canton, N.Y. : Agricultural Division, St. Lawrence County
Cooperative
Extension Association; 1993 Feb.
St. Lawrence County agricultural news v. 77 (2): p. 7-8; 1993
Feb.
Language: English
Descriptors: Orchards; Weed control; Mulches
135 NAL Call. No.: SB1.J66
Mulches: durability, aesthetic value, weed control, and
temperature.
Skroch, W.A.; Powell, M.A.; Bilderback, T.E.; Henry, P.H.
Washington, D.C. : Horticultural Research Institute; 1992 Mar.
Journal of environmental horticulture v. 10 (1): p. 43-45;
1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ornamental woody plants; Mulches; Wood chips;
Pine needles; Pine
bark; Hardwoods; Polyethylene film; Weed control; Soil
temperature; Aesthetic
value; Longevity
136 NAL Call. No.: SB435.5.A645
Mulching: benefits backed by survey.
Rakow, D.A.
Van Nuys, Calif. : Gold Trade Publications; 1992 Sep.
Arbor age v. 12 (9): p. 22, 27, 29; 1992 Sep.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Trees; Mulches; Surveys; Weed control;
Soil water; Bark; Wood chips; Stones; Safety; Ph; Mulching;
Landscaping
137 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71
Mulching effects of plant fiber and plant fiber--polyester
mats combined with
fertilizer on loblolly pine seedlings.
Haywood, J.D.; Youngquist, J.A.
Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1991.
Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service v. 42
(3): p. 32-35; 1991. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Seedlings; Mulching; Mulches; Plant
fibers; Polyeste