Compiled By:
Joe Makuch
Water Quality Information Center, Reference and User Services Branch
National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture
Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351
| SET | ITEMS | DESCRIPTION |
| 1 | 787 | (NONPOINT OR NON()POINT)/TI,DE,ID |
| 2 | 332443 | PY=(1990 OR 1991 OR 1992 OR 1993 OR 1994) |
| 3 | 215 | S1 AND S2 |
| 4 | 208 | S3 (unique items) |
1 NAL Call. No.: aTD223.A26 1993 Accomplishments of the USDA hydrologic unit area projects. Ebodaghe, Denis Abumere, United States, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, United States, Extension Service, United States, Soil Conservation Service Washington, D.C.? : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service : Extension Service : Soil Conservation Service,; 1993. 74 [i.e. 128] p. : maps ; 28 cm. Cover title. "Compiled by Denis Ebodaghe"--Foreword. June 1993. Alternate pages are numbered. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Nonpoint source pollution; Agricultural pollution 2 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Addressing nonpoint sources of water pollution must become an international priority. Duda, A.M. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 1-11; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Sources; Agricultural production 3 NAL Call. No.: HD1773.A2N6 Aggregate analysis of site-specific pollution problems: the case of groundwater contamination from agriculture. Opaluch, J.J.; Segerson, K. Morgantown, W.Va. : The Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association; 1991 Apr. Northeastern journal of agricultural and resource economics v. 20 (1): p. 83-97; 1991 Apr. Paper submitted in response to call for papers on the theme "The Effects of Agricultural Production on Environmental Quality.". Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Contamination; Water pollution; Agricultural sector; Agricultural policy; Microeconomic analysis; Aggregate data; Site factors; Spatial distribution; Information systems; Mathematical models 4 NAL Call. No.: aTD428.A37M34 1992 Agricultural nonpoint source pollution and economic incentive policies issues in the reauthorization of the Clean Water Act : water quality. Malik, Arun S.; Larson, Bruce A.; Ribaudo, Marc United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division,; 1992. iv, 14 p. ; 28 cm. (ERS staff report ; no. AGES 9229.). Cover title. "November 1992"--P. iii. Includes bibliographical references (p. 12-14). Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural pollution; Water 5 NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7 Agricultural nonpoint-source runoff and sediment yield water quality (NPSWQ) models: modeler's perspective. Rose, C.W.; Dickinson, W.T.; Ghadiri, H.; Jorgensen, S.E. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1990 Jun. ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (81): p. 145-169; 1990 Jun. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Water Quality Modeling of Agricultural Non-Point Sources, part 1, June 19-23, 1988, Logan, Utah. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Soil water movement; Models; Runoff water; Sediment; Agricultural chemicals; Water quality; Literature reviews 6 NAL Call. No.: 1 Ag84y Agriculture, agricultural chemicals, and water quality. Carey, A.E. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., [1980-; 1991. The ... yearbook of agriculture. p. 78-85; 1991. In the series analytic: Agriculture and the Environment / edited by D. Takiff Smith. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Agricultural production; Pesticides; Environmental impact; Water pollution; Point sources; Environmental management; Environmental protection 7 NAL Call. No.: S589.75.I58 1993 Agriculture and the environment papers presented at the International Conference on Agriculture and the Environment 10-13 November 1991. Edwards, C. A. International Conference on Agriculture and the Environment 1991. Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier,; 1993. xxv, 326 p. : ill., map ; 27 cm. Reprinted from Agriculture, ecosystems and environment, vol. 46 nos. 1-4 (1993). Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Agriculture; Sustainable agriculture; Nonpoint source pollution; Pests 8 NAL Call. No.: 1.90 C20U8 Agriculture's role in addressing nonpoint source pollution. Burt, J.P. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, [1992-; 1994. Agriculture outlook (70th): p. 47-52; 1994. Meeting held November 30 -December 1, 1993, Washington, DC. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Pollution; Watersheds; Agricultural production; Environmental legislation 9 NAL Call. No.: TD171.U5 Albemarle-Pamlico: case study in pollutant trading. Most of the nutrients came from nonpoint sources. Hall, J.; Howett, C. Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1994. EPA journal v. 20 (1/2): p. 27-29; 1994. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Cabt; Estuaries; Water quality; Pollutants; Nutrients; Nitrogen; Point sources; Nutrient sources; Environmental degradation; Watershed management; Pollution control 10 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Application of a GIS-based nonpoint source nutrient loading model for assessment of land development scenarios and water quality in Owasco Lake, New York. Heidtke, T.M. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 595-604; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New York; Cabt; Lakes; Water quality; Phosphorus; Loads; Water pollution; Models; Geographical information systems; Land use 11 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7 Assessment of nonpoint source pollution in stormwater runoff in Louisville, (Jefferson County) Kentucky, USA. Marsh, J.M. New York, Springer-Verlag; 1993 Nov. Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 25 (4): p. 446-455; 1993 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kentucky; Cabt; Storms; Runoff water; Water pollution; Pesticides; Bioassays; Biological indicators; Fish 12 NAL Call. No.: 407 G29W no.2381-C Assessment of nonpoint-source contamination of the High Plains aquifer in south-central Kansas, 1987.. Assessment of nonpoint-source contamination, High Plains aquifer, Kansas Helgesen, John O.; Stullken, Lloyd E.; Rutledge, A. T. Washington, DC : U.S. G.P.O. ; Denver, CO : For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,; 1994; I 19.13:2381-C. v, 51 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. (U.S. Geological Survey water- supply paper ; 2381-C Analysis of nonpoint-source ground-water contamination in relation to land use ; ch. C). "Assessment of nonpoint-source contamination, High Plains aquifer, Kansas"--Title on p. (4) of cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-36). Language: English; English Descriptors: Land use; Nonpoint source pollution; Groundwater 13 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Assumed non-point water pollution based on the nitrogen budget in Polish agriculture. Sapek, A.; Sapek, B. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 483-488; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Poland; Cabt; Water pollution; Air pollution; Nitrogen; Agricultural production; Nitrogen balance 14 NAL Call. No.: TD427.P35B46 1992 Best management practices for agricultural nonpoint source control IV Pesticides for the project Rural Nonpoint Source Control Water Quality Evaluation and Technical Assistance (National Water Quality Evaluation Project). United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development,; 1992; EP 1.2:M 31/8. xiii, 87 p. ; 28 cm. Shipping list no.: 92-268-P. September, 1984. Bibliography: p. 73-87. Language: English Descriptors: Pesticides
15 NAL Call. No.: Z5862.2.W3F58 1993 A bibliography of selected nonpoint source literature. Flippo, Herbert N.; Jackson, Donald R. Susquehanna River Basin Commission Harrisburg, PA (1721 N. Front St., Harrisburg 17102) : Susquehanna River Basin Commission,; 1993; PY S9642.2 B5825. i, 81 p. ; 28 cm. (Publication (Susquehanna River Basin Commission) ; no. 148.). January 1993. Language: English; English Descriptors: Nonpoint source pollution 16 NAL Call. No.: QH96.8.B5R53 1991 Biological metric development for the assessment of nonpoint pollution in the Snake River ecoregion of Southern Idaho 1990-1991 final report. Robinson, Christopher T.; Minshall, G. Wayne Pocatello : Idaho : Dept. of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University,; 1991. 75 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. 23 April 1991. Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-71). Language: English Descriptors: Water quality bioassay; Water quality management; Environmental monitoring 17 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Biomonitoring and amelioration of nonpoint source pollution in some aquatic bodies. Chandra, P.; Tripathi, R.D.; Rai, U.N.; Sinha, S.; Garg, P. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 323-326; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Orissa; Cabt; Uttar pradesh; Cabt; Body water; Water pollution; Water purification; Aquatic plants 18 NAL Call. No.: TD224.W6B46 1993 Brown water, green weeds familiar signs of nonpoint source pollution. Bennett, Steve Wisconsin Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Abatement Program Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Extension, [1993?]; 1993. 1 folded sheet (4 p.) : ill. ; 28 cm. Caption title. "I-05-93-10M-20-S"--P. [4]. "GWQ003"--P. [4]. Language: English Descriptors: Nonpoint source pollution; Water; Urban runoff; Agricultural pollution 19 NAL Call. No.: S631.F422 Changing farm practice to meet environmental objectives of nutrient loss to Oyster Harbour. Weaver, D.M.; Prout, A.L. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1993. Fertilizer research v. 36 (2): p. 177-184; 1993. In the special issue: Fertilizers and eutrophication in South-Western Australia / edited by E.P. Hodgkin and J.S. Yeates. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western australia; Cabt; Watershed management; Agricultural land; Nutrients; Phosphorus; Losses from soil; Point sources; Farm management; Environmental management; Water quality; Eutrophication Abstract: Eutrophication problems in waterbodies in south- western Australia are primarily caused by inputs of nutrients from diffuse sources within the agricultural catchments of these waterbodies. To reduce the algal growth and seagrass decline caused by these inputs, it is essential to modify land management to minimize nutrient losses. Permanent reduction in nutrient losses from agricultural catchments should involve voluntary changes in farm management practices based on improved land management. Specifically, these include on-farm nutrient management such as soil testing, fertilizer management, the use of perennial plants, and water and erosion control measures to reduce nutrient loss from rural land. This paper describes the management of nutrient loss from the catchment of Oyster Harbour on the south coast of Western Australia using a co-operative approach. 20 NAL Call. No.: TD224.T4N48 1992 Characterization of non-point sources and loadings to Galveston Bay. Newell, Charles J.; Rifai, H. S.; Bedient, Philip B., Galveston Bay National Estuary Program Clear Lake, Tex. : Galveston Bay National Estuary Program,; 1992; W1137.7 G139 no.15. 2 v. : ill., col. maps ; 28 cm. (GBNEP ; -15). March, 1992. Vol. 2: 28 x 45 cm. Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, p. 155-162). Language: English Descriptors: Galveston Bay (Tex.); Environmental impact statements; Watersheds; Land use; Hydrology; Water quality 21 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Chesapeake experience: NPS Chesapeake challenge for sustainable development. Bauereis, E.I. Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1992. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control v. 26 (12): p. 2723-2725; 1992. In the series analytic: Water Quality International '92. Part 6 / edited by M. Suzuki, et.al. Proceedings of the Sixteeth Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control, held May 24-30, Washington, D.C. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Sustainability; Water pollution; Body water; Coastal areas 22 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 Classification and spatial mapping of riparian habitat with applications toward management of streams impacted by nonpoint source pollution. Delong, M.D.; Brusven, M.A. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1991 Jul. Environmental management v. 15 (4): p. 565-571; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Habitats; Riparian vegetation; Erosion; Pollution; Information systems; Mapping; Watersheds; Farmland 23 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Classifying remotely sensed data for use in an agricultural nonpoint-source pollution model. Jakubauskas, M.E.; Whistler, J.L.; Dillworth, M.E.; Martinko, E.A. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1992 Mar. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 47 (2): p. 179-183; 1992 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kansas; Water quality; Water pollution; Remote sensing; Watersheds; Simulation models; Landsat; Thematic mapper; Data collection 24 NAL Call. No.: TD423.C632 1993 Coastal nonpoint pollution control program program development and approval guidance. United States, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,; 1993. ix, 46, [35] p. ; 28 cm. Cover title. January 1993. Language: English Descriptors: Water; Coastal zone management 25 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 A comparison of runoff quality effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers applied to fescuegrass plots. Edwards, D.R.; Daniel, T.C. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1994 Jan. Water resources bulletin v. 30 (1): p. 35-41; 1994 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Cabt; Poultry manure; Pig manure; Npk fertilizers; Runoff; Water quality; Festuca arundinacea; Pastures; Pollution Abstract: Application of fertilizer can degrade quality of runoff, particularly during the first post-application, runoff-producing storm. This experiment assessed and compared runoff quality impacts of organic and inorganic fertilizer application for a single simulated storm occurring seven days following application. The organic fertilizers used were poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) litter, poultry manure, and swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) manure. All fertilizers were applied at an application rate of 217.6 kg N/ha. Simulated rainfall was applied at 50 mm/h for an average duration of 0.8 h. Runoff samples were collected, composited, and analyzed for nitrate N (NO3-N), ammonia N (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl N (TKN), ortho-P (PO4-P), total P (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), fecal coliforms (FC), and fecal streptococci (FS). Application of the fertilizers did not alter the hydrologic characteristics of the receiving plots relative to the control plots. Concentrations of fertilizer constituents were almost always greater from treated than from control plots and were usually much greater. Flow-weighted mean concentrations of NH3-N, PO4-P, and TP were highest for the inorganic fertilizer treatment (42.0, 26.6, and 27.9 mg/L respectively). Runoff COD and TSS concentrations were greatest for the poultry litter treatment. Concentrations of FC and FS were greater for fertilized than for control plots with no differences among fertilized plots, but FC concentrations for all treatments were in excess of Arkansas' primary and secondary contact standards. Mass losses of fertilizer constituents were low (< 3 kg/ha) and were small proportions (< 3 percent) of amounts applied. 26 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32P A comparison of three nonpoint source pollution models. Lehman, D.A.; Shirmohammadi, A.; Shoraka, S. St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1990. Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (90-2038): 36 p.; 1990. Paper presented at the 1990 International Summer Meeting, June 24-27, 1990, Columbus, Ohio. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater pollution; Simulation models 27 NAL Call. No.: LU378.76 L930 1992 cock A comprehensive assessment of groundwater nitrate pollution from point and non-point sources. Cockrell, Charles W. 1992; 1992. vii, 67 leaves : ill., maps (some folded) ; 29 cm. Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-66). Language: English; English Descriptors: Water, Underground; Hazardous waste sites; Wells 28 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 The concept and need for a phosphorus assessment tool. Lemunyon, J.L.; Gilbert, R.G. Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Oct. Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (4): p. 483-486; 1993 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on assessment of potential phosphorus losses from a field site", November 4, 1992, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Resource management; Phosphorus; Losses from soil; Eutrophication; Water pollution; Risk; Assessment; Indexes 29 NAL Call. No.: TD223.C73 1993 Created and natural wetlands for controlling nonpoint source pollution. Olson, Richard K. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds Boca Raton, Fla. : C.K. Smoley,; 1993. v, 216 p. : ill., maps ; 25 cm. U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, and Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Water; Wetland conservation; Constructed wetlands
30 NAL Call. No.: SD1.S63 Current southern state programs for control of forestry nonpoint source pollution. Lickwar, P.M.; Cubbage, F.W.; Hickman, C.A. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1990 May. Southern journal of applied forestry v. 14 (2): p. 64-69; 1990 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South eastern states of U.S.A.; South central states of U.S.A.; Forestry; Pollution; Water composition and quality; Surveys 31 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.D3C652 A decision support system for soil conservation planning. Montas, H.; Madramootoo, C.A. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Sep. Computers and electronics in agriculture v. 7 (3): p. 187-202; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Quebec; Soil conservation; Watersheds; Land use planning; Decision making; Expert systems; Information systems; Erosion; Simulation models; Rain; Soil types 32 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Determining tradeoffs between water quality and profitability in agricultural production: implications for nonpoint source pollution policy. Contant, C.K.; Duffy, M.D.; Holub, M.A. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 27-34; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Cabt; Water pollution; Sources; Agricultural production; Water quality 33 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63 Development and implementation of the Virginia agronomic land use evaluation system (values). Donohue, S.J.; Simpson, T.W.; Baker, J.C.; Monnett, M.M.; Hawkins, G.W. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1994. Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 25 (7/8): p. 1103-1108; 1994. Paper presented at the 1993 International Symposium on Soil Testing and Plant Analysis: Precision Nutrient Management, August 14-19, 1993, Olympia, Washington. Part 1. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Cabt; Fertilizer requirement determination; Soil testing; Nutrients; Management; Databases; Land use; Land evaluation; Water quality; Environmental protection; Water pollution; Pollution control; Point sources 34 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 v.28 no.3-5 Diffuse pollution proceedings of the IAWQ 1st International Conference on Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement, held in Chicago, Illinois, USA, 19-24 September 1993., 1st ed.. Olem, Harvey International Association of Water Quality IAWQ International Conference of Diffuse Nonpoint Pollution (1st : Chicago, Ill. : 1993). Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press,; 1993. xiii, 722 p. : ill., maps ; 25 cm. (Water science and technology v. 28, no. 3-5). On cover: IAWQ, International Association on Water Quality. Includes bibliographical references and index. Language: English Descriptors: Nonpoint source pollution 35 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 The distributed modelling of agricultural nonpoint pollution at basin scale: experimental research and model validation. Preti, F.; Lubello, C. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 669-674; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Italy; Cabt; Agricultural chemicals; Application; Rivers; Watersheds; Water pollution; Models 36 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Document it! Procedures for the documentation of nonpoint source project data--land treatment. Hermsmeyer, B. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 273-278; 1992. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Water pollution; Agricultural land; Residues; Land management; Pollution control; Water management; Documentation 37 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32T Drying interval effects on quality of runoff from fescue plots treated with poultry litter. Edwards, D.R.; Daniel, T.C.; Moore, P.A. Jr; Vendrell, P.F. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1958-; 1994 May. Transactions of the ASAE v. 37 (3): p. 837-843; 1994 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Cabt; Festuca arundinacea; Poultry manure; Drying; Runoff; Pollution; Rainfall simulators Abstract: Land application of poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) litter can lead to elevated runoff concentrations of organic matter and nutrients. This experiment was conducted to determine the impacts of poultry litter treatment (0 and 218 kg of N ha-1) and drying interval (4, 7, and 14 days) between litter application and simulated rainfall on quality of runoff from fescue grass (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plots. Runoff was generated from simulated rainfall (50 mm h(-1)) and sampled at 0.08-h intervals during runoff. Composite runoff samples from each treatment and replication were analyzed for nitrate N (NO3-N), ammonia N (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl N (TKN), orthor-P (PO4-P), total P (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solids (TSS). One set per treatment of the noncomposited runoff samples was also analyzed. Runoff concentrations of all parameters except NO3-N were significantly (p < 0.05) higher for the litter-treated plots than for the control plots. Drying interval did not significantly (p < 0.05) affect either concentration or total mass of any constituent lost in the runoff. Concentrations of NH3-N, TKN, PO4-P, and TP decreased uniformly with increasing runoff rate and thus with time after beginning of runoff. Temporal variation in runoff concentrations of NO3-N, COD, and TSS followed no identifiable general pattern. 38 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Dynamic simulation of nonpoint source pollutant transport in agricultural watersheds. Ashraf, M.S.; Borah, D.K. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1991. Paper / (912001): 20 p.; 1991. Paper presented at the "1991 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 23-26, 1991, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Watersheds; Pollution 39 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 Economic incentives for agricultural nonpoint source pollution control. Malik, A.S.; Larson, B.A.; Ribaudo, M. Herndon, Va. : American Water Resources Association; 1994 May. Water resources bulletin v. 30 (3): p. 471-480; 1994 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Pollution control; Environmental legislation; Incentives; Economic policy Abstract: The limited success of command-and-control policies for reducing nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution mandated under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA) has prompted increased interest in economic incentive policies as an alternative control mechanism. A variety of measures have been proposed ranging from fairly minor modifications of existing policies to substantial revisions including watershed-wide polices that rely on economic incentives. While greater use of economic incentive policies, such as environmental bonds and point/nonpoint source trading is being advocated in the reauthorization of the CWA, the expected effects of individual proposals will be modest. The characteristics of NPS pollution, namely uncertainty and asymmetrical information, underscores that there is no single, ideal policy instrument for controlling the many types of agricultural NPS water pollution. Some of the usual incentive- based policies, such as effluent taxes, are not well suited to the task. Individual incentive policies proposed for the reauthorized CWA, such as pollution trading or deposit/refund systems, are not broadly applicable for heterogeneous pollution situations. Economic incentive policies may be appropriate in some cases, and command-and-control policies will be preferable in others and may in fact complement incentive policies. 40 NAL Call. No.: QD1.A45 Economical monitoring procedure for assessing agrochemical nonpoint source loading in unconsolidated aquifers. Spalding, R.F.; Exner, M.E.; Burbach, M.E. Washington, D.C. : The Society; 1991. ACS Symposium series - American Chemical Society (465): p. 255-261; 1991. In the series analytic: Groundwater residue sampling design / edited by R.G. Nash and A.R. Leslie. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Agricultural chemicals; Piezometers; Sampling; Water pollution Abstract: Multilevel samplers (MLSs) consisting of piezometers and tube samplers, a logical approach for determining the direction of groundwater flow and chemistry in shallow (< 6 m) nonpoint source (NPS) groundwater investigations. These MLSs have evolved from fastening the tubing to conduit at specific depths while the conduit was lowered into the hollow stem auger train to the present method of installing preassembled MLSs in boreholes drilled by the reverse circulation rotary method without the use of drilling additives. This method allows the aquifer to be sectioned into discrete layers and provides an instantaneous snapshot of both flow and chemistry in three dimensions. The procedure has been used successfully at several sites in Nebraska. The method is cheap, fast, and accurate in areas where the depth to water is less than 6 m. While the same procedure can be used where depths to water exceed 6 m, the need for gas-driven samplers substantially increases the cost. 41 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 The effect of CRP enrollment on sediment loads in two southern Illinois streams. Davie, D.K.; Lant, C.L. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society; 1994 Jul. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 49 (4): p. 407-412; 1994 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Illinois; Cabt; Soil conservation; Erosion control; Federal programs; Participation; Environmental impact; Sediment; Streams; Water pollution; Point sources 42 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Effective monitoring strategies for demonstrating water quality changes from nonpoint source controls on a watershed scale. Spooner, J.; Line, D.E. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 143-148; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water quality; Pollution; Sources; Watersheds; Agricultural production; Agricultural land; Treatment 43 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 Effects of agricultural nutrient management on nitrogen fate and transport in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Hall, D.W.; Risser, D.W. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1993 Jan. Water resources bulletin v. 29 (1): p. 55-76; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Cabt; Nitrogen; Nitrates; Application to land; Movement in soil; Losses from soil; Water budget; Precipitation; Groundwater; Manures; Fertilizers; Hydrology; Groundwater pollution Abstract: Nitrogen inputs to, and outputs from, a 55-acre site in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, were estimated to determine the pathways and relative magnitude of loads of nitrogen entering and leaving the site, and to compare the loads of nitrogen before and after the implementation of nutrient management. Inputs of nitrogen to the site were manure fertilizer, commercial fertilizer, nitrogen in precipitation, and nitrogen in ground-water inflow; and these sources averaged 93, 4, 2, and 1 percent of average annual nitrogen additions, respectively. Outputs of nitrogen from the site were nitrogen in harvested crops, loads of nitrogen in surface runoff, volatilization of nitrogen, and loads of nitrogen in ground-water discharge, which averaged 37, less than 1, 25, and 38 percent of average annual nitrogen removals from the site, respectively. Virtually all of the nitrogen leaving the site that was not removed in harvested crops or by volatilization was discharged in the ground water. Applications of manure and fertilizer nitrogen to 47.5 acres of cropped fields decreased about 33 percent, from an average of 22,700 pounds per year (480 pounds per acre per year) before nutrient management to 15,175 pounds of nitrogen per year (320 pounds per acre per year) after the implementation of nutrient management practices. Nitrogen loads in ground- water discharged from the site decreased about 30 percent, from an average of 292 pounds of nitrogen per million gallons of ground water before nutrient management to an average of 203 pounds of nitrogen per million gallons as a result of the decreased manure and commercial fertilizer applications. Reductions in manure and commercial fertilizer applications caused a reduction of approximately 11,000 pounds (3,760 pounds per year; 70 70 pounds per acre per year) in the load of nitrogen discharged in ground water from the 55-acre site during the three-year period 1987-1990. 44 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 The effects of temporal and spatial variability on monitoring agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Johengen, T.H.; Beeton, A.M. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 89-95; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Michigan; Water pollution; Pesticide residues; Pollution control; Spatial variation; Temporal variation; Monitoring; Water quality
45 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Elements of a model program for nonpoint source pollution control. Coffey, S.W.; Spooner, J.; Line, D.E.; Gale, J.A.; Arnold, J.A.; Osmond, D.L.; Humenik, F.J. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 361-374; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Water quality; Pollution control 46 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Environmental auditing for nonpoint source pollution control in a region of New South Wales (Australia). Turner, G.W.; Ruffio, R.M.C. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 302-309; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: New South Wales; Cabt; Rural areas; Environmental assessment; Watersheds; Pollution; Sources; Pollution control 47 NAL Call. No.: 1 Ag84Ab no.664-64 Environmental concerns associated with livestock, dairy, and poultry production.. Issues for the 1990's, environment Christensen, L. A.; Krause, Kenneth R., United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service Washington, D.C.? : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service,; 1993. 1 sheet (2 p.) ; 28 x 22 cm. (Agriculture information bulletin ; no. 664-64). Caption title. At head of title: Issues for the 1990's: environment. November 1993. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Animal waste; Agricultural pollution; Nonpoint source pollution 48 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Estimating changes in recreational fishing participation from national water quality policies. Ribaudo, M.O.; Piper, S.L. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1991 Jul. Water resources research v. 27 (7): p. 1757-1763; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Water policy; Water pollution; Angling; Participation; Estimation; Models Abstract: The complete evaluation of the offsite effects of national policies or programs that affect levels of agricultural nonpoint source pollution requires linking extensive water quality changes to changes in recreational activity. A sequential decision model is specified to describe an individual's decisions about fishing. A participation model for recreational fishing that includes a water quality index reflecting regional water quality is developed and estimated as a logit model with national level data. A visitation model for those who decide to fish that also includes the water quality index is estimated using ordinary least squares. The water quality index is found to be significant in the participation model but not in the visitation model. Together, the two models provide a means of estimating how changes in water quality might influence the number of recreation days devoted to fishing. The model is used to estimate changes in fishing participation for the Conservation Reserve Program. 49 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Estimating daily nutrient fluxes to a large Piedmont reservoir from limited tributary data. Nearing, M.A.; Risse, R.M.; Rogers, L.F. Madison : American Society Of Agronomy,; 1993 Oct. Journal of environmental quality v. 22 (4): p. 666-671; 1993 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Cabt; Lakes; Water quality; Watersheds; Pollution; Land use; Agricultural land; Stream flow; Nitrate nitrogen; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Chemical oxygen demand; Variation Abstract: Physically based models of lakes require estimates of daily, spatially varied water and nutrient fluxes into the lake from surrounding watersheds. Often, however, only a selected set of streams are periodically (monthly or biweekly) sampled. The objective of this study was to develop and test a method for estimating daily flux of nutrients into a large reservoir using data from sampling of selected watersheds. Flow rate, nitrate (NO3-N), total nitrogen (TN), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were measured monthly during 1991 for eight watersheds that feed Lake Lanier in northern Georgia. Daily stream flow in the eight streams was correlated to data from nearby USGS gauged stream stations, and daily nutrient concentrations were related to watershed land use and monthly variation in measured concentrations. Fraction of agricultural land in the watershed (AG) was the only land use parameter that correlated to nonpoint-source loads. Coefficients of determination for linear regressions between AG and NO3-N, TN, SRP, TP, and COD were 0.74, 0.73, 0.47, 0.84, and 0.52, respectively. The relationships were tested on an independent data set consisting of two samples from 19 additional streams. Coefficients of determination (r2) between measured and predicted data for the independent test data was 0.77, 0.52, 0.66, 0.64, 0.69, and 0.76 for stream flow, NO3-N, TN, SRP, TP, and COD, respectively. Percentages of nutrient loads attributable to nonpoint-source loads ranged between 76% for TN to 92% for TP and COD, whereas those attributable to agricultural nonpoint source were about 15% for COD, 28% for TN, 34% for NO3-N, 40% for TP, and 70% for SRP. 50 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Evaluation of best management practices for controlling nonpoint pollution from silvicultural operations. Lynch, J.A.; Corbett, E.S. Minneapolis, Minn. : American Water Resources Association; 1990 Feb. Water resources bulletin v. 26 (1): p. 41-52; 1990 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest management; Water pollution; Water composition and quality; Clearcutting; Silviculture 51 NAL Call. No.: SB317.5.H68 An evaluation of extension programs to enhance water quality through nutrient management in the urban landscape. Relf, P.D.; McKissack, D. Alexandria, VA : American Society for Horticultural Science, c1991-; 1992 Apr. HortTechnology v. 2 (2): p. 245-247; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Cabt; Cooperative extension service; Volunteers; Environmental education; Educational programs; Water quality; Water pollution; Fertilizers; Runoff; Mass media; Extension education; Technology transfer 52 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32T Evaluation of GLEAMS and PRZM for predicting pesticide leaching under field conditions. Zacharias, S.; Heatwole, C.D. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers 1958-; 1994 Mar. Transactions of the ASAE v. 37 (2): p. 439-451; 1994 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Cabt; Zea mays; No-tillage; Pesticides; Leaching; Simulation models Abstract: Pesticide simulation models, GLEAMS and PRZM, were evaluated for their ability to predict pesticide behavior using field data from a plot under no-till corn in the Coastal Plain region of Virginia. The models were evaluated in an uncalibrated mode as well as with adjustment of important hydrology parameters. The evaluation of model performance was based on graphical displays and statistical measures. Difference in evapotranspiration (ET) predictions by the two models caused the simulated results from their hydrology components to vary. Runoff and soil moisture measured in the field were predicted reasonably well after adjusting important hydrology parameters. Except for differences in magnitude, both models predicted the chemical concentration profiles similarly. Overall, GLEAMS represented pesticide behavior in soil better than PRZM. The models, GLEAMS and PRZM, performed well in predicting pesticide mass in the root zone, but were less reliable in predicting pesticide concentration distributions in soil. Model predictions of pesticide fate and transport were not greatly affected by changes in curve number and the water holding capacity of the soil. 53 NAL Call. No.: HD1761.A1M5 no.90-62 An evaluation of options for micro-targeting acquisition of cropping rights to reduce nonpoint source water pollution. Kozloff, Keith St. Paul, Minn. : University of Minnesota, Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Home Economics,; 1990. vi, 99 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Staff paper P ; 90-62). October 1990. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-99). Language: English 54 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM3Ps (IR) Evaluation of runoff and erosion models. Wu, T.H.; Hall, J.A.; Bonta, J.V. New York, N.Y. : American Society of Civil Engineers, c1983-; 1993 Mar. Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering v. 119 (2): p. 364-382; 1993 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Erosion; Runoff; Sediment yield; Measurement; Simulation models 55 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Evaluation of the accuracy and precision of annual phosphorus load estimates from two agricultural basins in Finland. Rekolainen, S.; Posch, M.; Kamari, J.; Ekholm, P. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1991 Nov. Journal of hydrology v. 128 (1/4): p. 237-255; 1991 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Finland; Agricultural land; Drainage; Runoff; Pollution; Phosphorus; Transport processes; Flow; Estimates; Sampling; Frequency; Monitoring; Mathematical models; Comparisons Abstract: The accuracy and precision of phosphorus load estimates from two agricultural drainage basins in western Finland were evaluated, based on continuous flow measurements and frequent flow-proportional sampling of total phosphorus concentration during a 2 year period. The objective was to compare different load calculation methods and to evaluate alternative sampling strategies. An hourly data set of concentrations was constructed by linear interpolation, and these data were used in Monte Carlo runs for producing replicate data sets for calculating the accuracy and precision of load estimates. All estimates were compared with reference values computed from the complete hourly data sets. The load calculation methods based on summing the products of regularly sampled flows and concentrations produced the best precision, whereas the best accuracy was achieved using methods based on multiplying annual flow by flow-weighted annual mean concentration. When comparing different sampling strategies, concentrating sampling in high runoff periods (spring and autumn) was found to give better accuracy and precision than strategies based on regular interval sampling throughout the year. However, the best result was obtained by taking samples flow-proportionally within the highest peak flows plus additional regular interval (e.g. biweekly) samples outside these flow peaks. Using this strategy, which calls for automatic sampling equipment, accuracies better than 5% and precisions better than 10% can be achieved with only 30-50 samples per year. 56 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Extending the RCWP knowledge base to future nonpoint source control projects. Robillard, P.D. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 375-383; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Water quality; Pollution control 57 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 Forest practices as nonpoint sources of pollution in North America. Binkley, D.; Brown, T.C. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1993 Sep. Water resources bulletin v. 29 (5): p. 729-740; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Canada; Cabt; Water pollution; Streams; Water quality; Forest influences; Forest management Abstract: Forest management activities may substantially alter the quality of water draining forests, and are regulated as nonpoint sources of pollution. Important impacts have been documented, in some cases, for undesirable changes in stream temperature and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, nitrate-N, and suspended sediments. We present a comprehensive summary of North American studies that have examined the impacts of forest practices on each of these parameters of water quality. In most cases, retention of forested buffer strips along streams prevents unacceptable increases in stream temperatures. Current practices do not typically involve addition of large quantities of fine organic material to streams, and depletion of streamwater oxygen is not a problem; however, sedimentation of gravel streambeds may reduce oxygen diffusion into spawning beds in some cases. Concentrations of nitrate-N typically increase substantially after forest harvesting and fertilization, but only a few cases have resulted in concentrations approaching the drinking-water standard of 10 mg of nitrate- N/L. Road construction and harvesting increase suspended sediment concentrations in streamwater, with highly variable results among regions in North America. The use of best management practices usually prevents unacceptable increases in sediment concentrations, but exceptionally large responses (especially in relation to intense storms) are not unusual. 58 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F768 Forest water quality protection: a comparison of regulatory and voluntary programs. Hawks, L.J.; Cubbage, F.W.; Haney, H.L. Jr; Shaffer, R.M.; Newman, D.H. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1993 May. Journal of forestry v. 91 (5): p. 48-54; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Virginia; Forests; Water quality; Legislation; Resource conservation 59 NAL Call. No.: 282.9 G7992 Forestry's role in clean water. Strickler, J.K. Lincoln, Neb. : The Council; 1990. Proceedings - Great Plains Agricultural Council. p. 43-46; 1990. Language: English Descriptors: Kansas; Water quality; Forestry; Riparian forests
60 NAL Call. No.: Z6004.S94S76 1991 Freshwater wetlands, urban stormwater, and nonpoint pollution control a literature review and annotated bibliography., 2nd ed., rev. and updated.. Stockdale, Erik C. Washington (State), Dept. of Ecology Olympia, WA : Washington State Dept. of Ecology,; 1991. v, 267 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. February 1991. Language: English Descriptors: Wetlands; Urban runoff; Water; Water quality management 61 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32P GIS-based watershed rankings for nonpoint pollution in Pennsylvania. Hamlett, J.M.; Petersen, G.W.; Russo, J.; Miller, D.A.; Baumer, G.M.; Day, R.L. St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1990. Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (90-2619): 16 p.; 1990. Paper presented at the "1990 International Winter Meeting," December 18-21, 1990, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Watersheds; Water pollution; Information systems 62 NAL Call. No.: S605.5.A43 Ground water contamination from agricultural sources: implications for voluntary policy adherence from Iowa and Virginia farmers' attitudes. Halstead, J.M.; Padgitt, S.; Batie, S.S. Greenbelt, Md. : Institute for Alternative Agriculture; 1990. American journal of alternative agriculture v. 5 (3): p. 126-133; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Virginia; Groundwater pollution; Contamination; Agricultural chemicals; Dairy wastes; Water quality; Farmers' attitudes; Questionnaires; Interviews; Farm management; Public opinion; Risk; Health hazards; Environmental impact; Economic impact; Crop production; Dairy farming; Agricultural policy; Programs; Incentives Abstract: Contamination of ground water from agricultural sources has been documented in a majority of the contiguous United States. In this study, we examine the potential for voluntary adoption of management practices that reduce risk of ground water contamination and discuss how farm operators' attitudes regarding the environment might affect the success of voluntary programs. Farmers' behavior and attitudes in Rockingham County, Virginia, and Big Spring Basin, Iowa, reveal that both groups consider the ground water issue to be a serious problem to which they are contributing. This awareness is a significant first step in prompting consideration of management practices that reduce the threat to ground water quality. We also found that the worst offenders"--that is, farmers applying nitrogen well above agronomic recommendations--were those with the least concern about the problem. If major shifts in farming practices are to occur voluntarily, major incentives or disincentives are needed Even though the concern about ground water quality is high, the documented risks perceived by farmers are not strongly convincing. The economic incentives for change are questionable at best. Voluntary adoption of best management practices is only one of several policy options. Ultimately, policies designed to reduce ground water contamination may need a mix of strategies, including economic incentives and disincentives, zoning and land use restrictions, environmental regulations, and bans on agricultural chemicals. 63 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63 Ground water nonpoint source management in Nebraska. Link, M. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992. Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 23 (17/20): p. 2135-2150; 1992. In the Special Issue: International symposium on soil testing and plant analysis in the global community. Paper presented at the second international symposium, August 22-27, 1991, Orlando, Florida. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Groundwater pollution; Programs; State government; Water quality; Nitrate; Contamination 64 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Groundwater as a nonpoint source of atrazine and deethylatrazine in a river during base flow conditions. Squillace, P.J.; Thurman, E.M.; Furlong, E.T. Washington : American Geophysical Union, 1965-; 1993 Jun. Water resources research v. 29 (6): p. 1719-1729; 1993 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Cabt; Atrazine; Metabolites; Groundwater; River water; Rivers; Discharge; Water flow; Aquifers; Water pollution Abstract: Alluvial groundwater adjacent to the main stem river is the principal nonpoint source of atrazine and deethylatrazine in the Cedar River of Iowa after the river has been in base flow conditions for 5 days. Between two sites along a 116-kin reach of the Cedar River, tributaries contributed about 25% of the increase in the atrazine and deethylatrazine load, whereas groundwater from the alluvial aquifer contributed at least 75% of the increase in load. Within the study area, tributaries aggregate almost all of the discharge from tile drains, and yet the tributaries still only contribute 25% of the increase in loads in the main stem river. At an unfarmed study site adjacent to the Cedar River, the sources of atrazine and deethylatrazine in the alluvial groundwater are bank storage of river water and groundwater recharge from areas distant from the river. Atrazine and deethylatrazine associated with bank storage water will provide larger concentrations to the river during early base flow conditions. After the depletion of bank storage, stable and smaller concentrations of atrazine and deethylatrazine, originating from groundwater recharge, continue to be discharged from the alluvial aquifer to the river; thus these results indicate that alluvial aquifers are an important nonpoint source of atrazine and deethylatrazine in rivers during base flow. 65 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Groundwater discharge and its impact on surface water quality in a Chesapeake Bay inlet. Reay, W.G.; Gallagher, D.L.; Simmons, G.M. Jr Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1992 Nov. Water resources bulletin v. 28 (6): p. 1121-1134; 1992 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Groundwater; Discharge; Surface water; Interactions; Sediment; Seepage; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Agricultural land; Land use; Water quality; Water pollution; Estuaries; Seasonal fluctuations Abstract: Surface water, groundwater, and groundwater discharge quality surveys were conducted in Cherrystone Inlet, on Virginia's Eastern Shore. Shallow groundwater below agricultural fields had nitrate concentrations significantly higher than inlet surface waters and shallow groundwater underlying forested land. This elevated nitrate groundwater discharged to adjacent surface waters. Nearshore discharge rates of water across the sediment-water interface ranged from 0.02 to 3.69 liters. m-2.hr-1 during the surveys. The discharge was greatest nearshore at low tide periods, and decreased markedly with increasing distance offshore. Vertical hydraulic heads, Eh, and inorganic nitrogen flux in the sediments followed similar patterns. Nitrate was the predominant nitrogen species discharged nearshore adjacent to agricultural land use, changing to ammonium farther offshore. Sediment nitrogen fluxes were sufficient to cause observable impacts on surface water quality; nitrate concentrations were up to 20 times greater in areas of groundwater discharge than in the main stem inlet water. Based on DIN:DIP ratios, nitrogen contributions from direct groundwater discharge and tidal creek inputs appear to be of significant ecological importance. This groundwater discharge links land use activity and the quality of surface water, and therefore must be considered in selection of best management practices and water quality management strategies. 66 NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7 Groundwater quality modeling for agricultural nonpoint sources. Bogardi, I.; Fried, J.J.; Frind, E.; Kelly, W.E.; Rijtema, P.E. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1990 Jun. ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (81): p. 227-252; 1990 Jun. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Water Quality Modeling of Agricultural Non-Point Sources, part 1, June 19-23, 1988, Logan, Utah. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Models; Agricultural chemicals; Leaching 67 NAL Call. No.: KF3787.25.U55 1993 Guidance specifying management measures for sources of nonpoint pollution in coastal waters issued under the authority of Section 6217(g) of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990. United States. Environmental Protection Agency; United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water,; 1993. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 28 cm. January 1993. EPA 840-B-92-002. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water; Coastal zone management; Marine pollution; Nonpoint source pollution 68 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Herbicide and nitrate variation in alluvium underlying a corn field at a site in Iowa County, Iowa. Kalkhoff, S.J.; Detroy, M.G.; Cherryholmes, K.L.; Kuzniar, R.L. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1992 Nov. Water resources bulletin v. 28 (6): p. 1001-1011; 1992 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Maize soils; Agricultural land; Alluvium; Aquifers; Agricultural chemicals; Cyanazine; Alachlor; Atrazine; Nitrates; Vertical movement; Seasonal variation; Pollution Abstract: A hydrologic investigation to determine vertical and seasonal variation of atrazine, alachlor, cyanazine, and nitrate at one location and to relate the variation to ground- water movement in the Iowa River alluvium was conducted in Iowa County, Iowa, from March 1986 to December 1987. Water samples were collected at discrete intervals through the alluvial sequence from the soil zone to the base of the aquifer. Alachlor, atrazine, and cyanazine were detected most frequently in the soil zone but also were present in the upper part of the alluvial aquifer. Alachlor was detected sporadically, whereas, atrazine, cyanazine, and nitrate were present throughout the year. In the alluvial aquifer, the herbicides generally were not detected during 1986 and were present in detectable concentrations for only a short period of time in the upper 1.6 meters of the aquifer during 1987. Nitrate was present throughout the alluvium and was stratified in the alluvial aquifer. The largest nitrate concentrations were detected-in the middle part of the aquifer. Nitrate concentrations were variable only in the upper 2 meters of the aquifer. Vertical movement of herbicides and nitrate in the soil correlated with precipitation and degree of saturation. A clay layer retarded vertical movement of atrazine but not nitrate from the soil layer to the aquifer. Vertical movement could not account for the chemical variation in the alluvial aquifer. 69 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Herbicide transport in rivers: importance of hydrology and geochemistry in nonpoint-source contamination. Squillace, P.J.; Thurman, E.M. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1992 Mar. Environmental science & technology v. 26 (3): p. 538-545; 1992 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Minnesota; Herbicide residues; Water pollution; River water; Groundwater pollution; Concentration; Models; Overland flow 70 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Hydrologic response of an agricultural watershed to various hydrologic and management conditions. Razavian, D. Minneapolis, Minn. : American Water Resources Association; 1990 Oct. Water resources bulletin v. 26 (5): p. 777-785. maps; 1990 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Watersheds; Agricultural land; Pollution; Tillage; Erosion; Sediment yield; Runoff; Catchment hydrology; Climatic factors; Crop management; Simulation models Abstract: The hydrologic responses from an agricultural watershed in southeast Nebraska were investigated under an array of physiographic, hydrologic, meteorologic, and management conditions. For analytical purposes, the hydrologic responses were narrowed to include only runoff and sediment yield. The study was performed by utilizing the ANSWERS (Area Nonpoint Source Watershed Environment Response Simulation) hydrologic-simulation model. Results of this study indicate that, generally, nonstructural (agronomic) Best Management Practices (BMPs) have a more significant impact in controlling erosion and nonpoint-source pollution than structurally oriented BMPs. The percentage of reduction in average soil loss as a result of changing tillage systems from conventional to chisel plow was in the mid-40s. The corresponding percentages of reduction in sediment yield from the watershed under minimum tillage and no-till systems were in the mid-60s and mid-80s, respectively. The impact of these management strategies on runoff varied considerably. That is primarily based on the watershed's antecedent soil moisture condition, land use, and the growth stage of crops. Generally, an intense, short, thunderstorm type of rainfall event had more relative impact on runoff, and therefore sediment yield than a long, gentle, and steady event. 71 NAL Call. No.: TD427.A35S74 1992 Idaho Snake-Payette rivers hydrologic unit ground water quality assessment, West central Idaho Idaho Snake-Payette rivers hydrologic unit planning project, agricultural nonpoint source ground water quality assessment. Steed, Robert; Winter, Gerry; Cardwell, John Idaho, Division of Environmental Quality Boise : Idaho Dept. of Health and Welfare, Division of Environmental Quality,; 1992. iii, 48 p. : ill., maps (some col.) ; 28 cm. (Ground water quality technical report ; no. 3). "IDHW-50, 8/92 48-44-253"- -Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-25). Language: English; English Descriptors: Agricultural chemicals; Groundwater; Nonpoint source pollution 72 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Identifying and managing nonpoint source pollution. Warriner, M.R. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1993. Paper / (932043): 8 p.; 1993. Paper presented at the "1993 International Summer Meeting sponsored by The American Society of Agricultural Engineers, and The Canadian Society of Agricultural Engineering," June 20-23, 1993, Spokane, Washington. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution; Runoff water; Water quality; Waste water 73 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34 The impact of fertilizer application techniques on nitrogen yield from two tillage systems. Mostaghimi, S.; Younos, T.M.; Tim, U.S Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1991 Jun14. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 36 (1/2): p. 13-22; 1991 Jun14. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Agricultural land; Hapludults; Silt loam soils; Nitrogen; Losses from soil systems; Sediment; Runoff; Water pollution; No-tillage; Tillage; Nitrogen fertilizers; Subsurface application; Application methods; Artificial precipitation; Rain; Yields; Nitrate nitrogen; Ammonium nitrogen; Kjeldahl method; Eutrophication; Surface water; Movement in soil 74 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63 Impact of rainfall and tillage systems on off-site herbicide movement. Shaw, D.R.; Smith, C.A.; Hariston, J.E. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992. Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 23 (15/16): p. 1843-1858; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Glycine max; Cropping systems; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Herbicides; Losses from soil; Runoff; Water pollution
75 NAL Call. No.: S494.5.S86S8 Impacts of uncertainty on policy costs of managing nonpoint source ground water contamination. Halstead, J.M.; Batie, S.S.; Taylor, D.B.; Heatwole, C.D.; Diebel, P.L.; Kramer, R.A. Binghamton, N.Y. : Food Products Press; 1991. Journal of sustainable agriculture v. 1 (4): p. 29-48; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Groundwater pollution; Nitrates; Stochastic models; Stochastic programming; Agricultural policy; Costs 76 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T The importance of precise rainfall inputs in nonpoint source pollution modeling. Rudra, R.P.; Dickinson, W.T.; Euw, E.L. von St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1993 Mar. Transactions of the ASAE v. 36 (2): p. 445-450; 1993 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Agricultural wastes; Losses from soil; Models; Pollutants; Rain; Soil properties Abstract: Rainfall data provide a prime input in nonpoint source pollution (nps) modeling. The sensitivity of model outputs to variations in the time step selected for rainfall data has been explored for two nps models, a field-scale continuous model, and an event-based watershed-scale model, for the temperate climatic conditions of Southern Ontario, Canada. This study has revealed that model outputs regarding runoff, soil loss and sediment yield, and calibrated parameters representing soil hydraulic properties and erosion characteristics are extremely sensitive to small variations in the rainfall time step. Model users must use caution therefore to take these variations into account during the calibration and application of such models. 77 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32T The influence of subsurface drainage practices on herbicide losses. Bengtson, R.L.; Southwick, L.M.; Willis, G.H.; Carter, C.E. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1990 Mar. Transactions of the ASAE v. 33 (2): p. 415-418; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Atrazine; Metolachlor; Water pollution; Subsurface drainage 78 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Integrating water quality modeling with ecological risk assessment for nonpoint source pollution control: a conceptual framework. Chen, Y.D.; McCutcheon, S.C.; Rasmussen, T.C.; Nutter, W.L.; Carsel, R.F. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 431-440; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water quality; Protection; Pollution control; Ecology; Risk; Assessment; Models 79 NAL Call. No.: 282.8 J82 Land retirement as a tool for reducing agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Ribaudo, M.O.; Osborn, C.T.; Konyar, K. Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press; 1994 Feb. Land economics v. 70 (1): p. 77-87; 1994 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water pollution; Land diversion; Pollution control; Agricultural land; Social costs; Mathematical models 80 NAL Call. No.: HD1761.A1M5 no.90-31 Land use and incentive schemes for nonpoint pollution control in a spatial equilibrium setting. Graham-Tomasi, Theodore St. Paul, Minn. : University of Minnesota, Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Home Economics,; 1990. 31 p. ; 28 cm. (Staff paper P ; 90-31). April 1990. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31). Language: English 81 NAL Call. No.: 100 Or3M no.898 Land use and nonpoint source phosphorus pollution in the Tualatin Basin, Oregon a literature review.. A literature review : land use and nonpoint phosphorus pollution in the Tualatin Basin, Oregon Wolf, Donald W. Oregon State University, Water Resources Research Institute, Oregon State University, Extension Service Corvallis, Or. : Water Resources Research Institute : Oregon State University Extension Service,; 1992; HEO/Ex8.4Sp3:898. iv, 63 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Tualatin River Basin water resources management report ; no. 1; Special report (Oregon State University. Extension Service) ; 898.). Cover title: A literature review : land use and nonpoint phosphorus pollution in the Tualatin Basin, Oregon. "June 1992"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-63). Language: English; English Descriptors: Water; Phosphorus; Water quality 82 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5E5 Land use change in California, USA: nonpoint source water quality impacts. Charbonneau, R.; Kondolf, G.M. New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1993 Jul. Environmental management v. 17 (4): p. 453-460; 1993 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Land use; Water quality; Environmental impact; Erosion; Land diversion; Farmland; Watershed management; Water pollution 83 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 Laws and programs for controlling nonpoint source pollution in forest areas. Brown, T.C.; Brown, D.; Binkley, D. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1993 Jan. Water resources bulletin v. 29 (1): p. 1-13; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water pollution; Water quality; Pollution control; Monitoring; Legislation; Programs; State government; Federal government Abstract: Recent federal legislation strengthened nonpoint source pollution regulations and helped to support and standardize pollution control efforts. A comprehensive review of current state and federal programs for forest areas reveals a substantial increase in agency water quality protection activities. These new efforts emphasize monitoring to assess the use and effectiveness of best management practices (BMPs). Recent monitoring reveals that BMP use is increasing and that such use typically maintains water quality within standards. However, information is generally lacking about the cost effectiveness of BMP programs. Carefully designed and executed monitoring is the key to better specification of BMPs and more cost effective water quality protection. 84 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Low-input agriculture reduces nonpoint-source pollution. Weinberg, A.C. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1990 Jan. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 45 (1): p. 48-50. ill; 1990 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Agriculture; Sustainability; Environmental impact; Soil conservation; Water conservation 85 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Making a difference agencies can, will, do work together to solve nonpoint source pollution problems. Valentine, J.; Carochi, J. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil Conservation Society of America, 1946-; 1993 Sep. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 48 (5): p. 401-406; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Cabt; Streams; Trout; Habitats; Watershed management; Water pollution; Control; Working plans; Erosion control; Geological sedimentation; State government; Federal government; Public agencies; Usda; Cooperation; Problem solving 86 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Managing agricultural chemicals in groundwater. Jones, R.L. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1991. Paper / (911067): 11 p.; 1991. Paper presented at the "1991 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 23-26, 1991, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Water management; Leaching 87 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Managing agricultural phosphorus for protection of surface waters: issues and options. Sharpley, A.N.; Chapra, S.C.; Wedepohl, R.; Sims, J.T.; Daniel, T.C.; Reddy, K.R. Madison : American Society Of Agronomy,; 1994 May. Journal of environmental quality v. 23 (3): p. 437-451; 1994 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Phosphorus; Pollution; Soil management; Crop management; Losses from soil; Eutrophication; Runoff; Erosion; Soil fertility; Manures; Pollution control; Watershed management Abstract: The accelerated eutrophication of most freshwaters is limited by P inputs. Nonpoint sources of P in agricultural runoff now contribute a greater portion of freshwater inputs, due to easier identification and recent control of point sources. Although P management is an integral part of profitable agrisystems, continued inputs of fertilizer and manure P in excess of crop requirements have led to a build-up of soil P levels, which are of environmental rather than agronomic concern, particularly in areas of intensive crop and livestock production. Thus, the main issues facing the establishment of economically and environmentally sound P management systems are the identification of soil P levels that are of environmental concern; targeting specific controls for different water quality objectives within watersheds; and balancing economic with environmental values. In developing effective options, we have brought together agricultural and limnological expertise to prioritize watershed management practices and remedial strategies to mitigate nonpoint-source impacts of agricultural P. Options include runoff and erosion control and P-source management, based on eutrophic rather than agronomic considerations. Current soil test P methods may screen soils on which the aquatic bioavailability of P should be estimated. Landowner options to more efficiently utilize manure P include basing application rates on soil vulnerability to P loss in runoff, manure analysis, and programs encouraging manure movement to a greater hectareage. Targeting source areas may be achieved by use of indices to rank soil vulnerability to P loss in runoff and lake sensitivity to P inputs. 88 NAL Call. No.: TD420.W374 Managing agricultural pollution using a linked geographical information system and non-point source pollution model. Morse, G.; Eatherall, A.; Jenkins, A. London : The Institution,; 1994 Jun. Water and environmental management : journal of the Institution of Water and Environmental Management v. 8 (3): p. 277-286; 1994 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution; Agriculture; Simulation models; Geographical information systems; Computer software; Prediction Abstract: This study documents the development of a link between a geographical information system (GIS) and a non- point source pollution model. The GIS ARC/INFO was linked to the agricultural non-point source pollution model and ORACLE data sources. Application of the system is demonstrated using the Bedford-Ouse catchment as a suitable case study. Water quality impacts are predicted from source data describing topography, soils, land use and river network. The model results were in agreement with observed nitrate concentrations at the catchment outlet, and more appropriate data sources are considered to be the main priority for improving model predictive ability. Management scenarios were established to assess the impact of changing agricultural management practices on predicted water quality. The approach has significant potential for the management of agricultural pollution in the UK. 89 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Managing nonpoint sources of pollution--January 1982-July 1990. Kuske, J. Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Mar. Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-50): 66 p.; 1991 Mar. Bibliography. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution; Sources; Management; Bibliographies
90 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Marginal cost effectiveness analysis for agricultural nonpoint source water quality control. Walker, D.J.; Calkins, B.L.; Hamilton, J.R. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1993 Jul. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 48 (4): p. 368-372; 1993 Jul. In the special edition: The next generation of U.S. agricultural conservation policy. Paper presented at the conference "The Next Generation of U.S. Agricultural Policy", March 14-16, Kansas City, Missouri. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Water pollution; Pollution control; Sediment; Marginal analysis; Cost effectiveness analysis; Farm management; Furrow irrigation; Return flow 91 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Market and bargaining approaches to nonpoint source pollution abatement problems. Netusil, N.R.; Braden, J.B. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 35-45; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water pollution; Sources; Agricultural land; Erosion; Sediment yield; Erosion control; Costs; Contracts; Marketing techniques 92 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M36B Maryland farmers' adoption of best management practices for nonpoint source pollution control. Lichtenberg, E.; Lessley, B.V.; Howar, H.D. College Park, Md. : The Service; 1990-1991. Bulletin - Cooperative Extension Service, University of Maryland (345): 17 p.; 1990-1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Water pollution; Water quality; Farm management; Runoff; Soil chemistry; Cost analysis 93 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Metamodels and nonpoint pollution policy in agriculture. Bouzaher, A.; Lakshminarayan, P.G.; Cabe, R.; Carriquiry, A.; Gassman, P.W.; Shogren, J.F. Washington : American Geophysical Union, 1965-; 1993 Jun. Water resources research v. 29 (6): p. 1579-1587; 1993 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Herbicides; Agricultural chemicals; Groundwater; Surface water; Water pollution; Water quality; Simulation models; Statistical analysis Abstract: Complex mathematical simulation models are generally used for quantitative measurement of the fate of agricultural chemicals in soil. But it is less efficient to use them directly for regional water quality assessments because of the large number of simulations required to cover the entire region and because the entire set of simulation runs must be repeated for each new policy. To make regional water quality impact assessment on a timely basis, a simplified technique called metamodeling is suggested. A metamodel summarizes the input-output relationships in a complex simulation model designed to mimic actual processes such as groundwater leaching. Metamodels are constructed and validated to predict groundwater and surface water concentrations of major corn and sorghum herbicides in the Corn Belt and Lake States regions of the United States. The usefulness of metamodeling in the evaluation of agricultural nonpoint pollution policies is illustrated using an integrated environmental economic modeling system. For the baseline scenario, we estimate that 1.2% of the regional soils will lead to groundwater detection of atrazine exceeding 0.12 micrograms/L, which compares well with the findings of an Environmental Protection Agency monitoring survey. The results suggest no-till practices could significantly reduce surface water concentration and a water quality policy, such as an atrazine ban, could increase soil erosion despite the conservation compliance provisions. 94 NAL Call. No.: SB249.N6 Methods of controlling non-point source pollution from agricultural activity. Webster, K.T. Memphis, Tenn. : National Cotton Council of America; 1993. Proceedings - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. p. 516-518; 1993. Meeting held January 10-14, 1993, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution control; Agricultural chemicals 95 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Methods to assess the water quality impact of a restored riparian wetland. Vellidis, G.; Lowrance, R.; Smith, M.C.; Hubbard, R.K. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1993 May. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 48 (3): p. 223-230; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Water pollution; Animal wastes; Bioremediation; Water quality; Runoff; Riparian forests; Wetlands; Reclamation; Pollution control 96 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Microtargeting the acquistion of cropping rights to reduce nonpoint source water pollution. Kozloff, K.; Taff, S.J.; Wang, Y. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1992 Mar. Water resources research v. 28 (3): p. 623-628; 1992 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Minnesota; Agricultural land; Land use; Land management; Watersheds; Water pollution; Water quality; Erosion; Sediment yield; Simulation models; Cost effectiveness analysis Abstract: Targeting cropland retirement programs to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollution is accomplished by employing disaggregated information about physical and economic factors that influence the benefits and costs of adopting specific erosion control practices on specific land parcels. The agricultural nonpoint source (AGNPS) model is used in a Minnesota watershed to simulate the relative effectiveness of alternative targeting schemes with respect to budget outlays for annual payments to landowners, reduction in downstream sediment yield and nutrient loss, and reduction in on-site erosion. Cost-effectiveness increased with information on economic factors (the opportunity cost of retiring a parcel of land) as well as on physical factors (contribution of a parcel to downstream sediment yield). The marginal cost- effectiveness of all schemes decreased as the enrolled proportion of watershed land increased. 97 NAL Call. No.: TD224.M6M577 1992 Minnesota nonpoint source management progress in federal fiscal year 1992 the 1992 report to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; United States, Environmental Protection Agency St. Paul : The Agency,; 1992. 238 p. : maps ; 28 cm. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Nonpoint source pollution 98 NAL Call. No.: QH540.N3 Mitigating nonpoint-source nitrate pollution by riparian-zone denitrification. Schipper, L.A.; Cooper, A.B.; Dyck, W.J. Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer-Verlag; 1991. NATO ASI series : Series G : Ecological sciences v. 30: p. 401-413; 1991. In the series analytic: Nitrate contamination: Exposure, consequence, and control / edited by I. Bogardi and R.D. Kuzelka. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nitrate Contamination: Exposure, Consequences, and Control, September 9-14, 1990, Lincoln, Nebraska. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nitrate; Nitrate fertilizers; Water pollution; Runoff; Drainage; Denitrification; Denitrifying microorganisms; Lakes; Rivers; Surface water; Soil types (ecological) 99 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Modeling linked watershed and lake processes for water quality management decisions. Summer, R.M.; Alonso, C.V.; Young, R.A. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1990 Jul. Journal of environmental quality v. 19 (3): p. 421-427; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Watersheds; Lakes; Agricultural land; Simulation models; Water quality; Sediment; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Chlorophyll; Wetlands; Watershed management; Weather; Trends; Farming systems Abstract: A physically based modeling approach is used to link watershed with lake processes and to simulate their responses to land management and weather conditions. Components of the watershed model, AGNPS (agricultural nonpoint-source model), are hydrology, erosion, sediment transport, transport of nitrogen and phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand. Using a cellular structure, runoff, sediment, and chemical variables from the watershed provide input to a take model. This one-dimensional model of water bodies simulates temperature stratification, mixing by wind, sedimentation, inflow density current, and algal growth. Unsteady advection-diffusion equations characterize the dynamics of suspended sediment, soluble and sediment-attached N and P, and chlorophyll. This model, AGNPS-LAKE, is driven by random generation of weather conditions on a daily basis. Resulting impacts of alternative management plans are simulated by changing agricultural practices and land use, thereby modifying inflow characteristics to a lake. Modeling capabilities are being tested on eutrophic lakes in Minnesota for the purpose of simulating long-term trends and impacts of best management practices. 100 NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7 Modeling of agricultural nonpoint-source surface runoff and sediment yield--a review from the modeler's perspective. Leavesley, G.H.; Beasley, D.B.; Pionke, H.B.; Leonard, R.A. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1990 Jun. ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (81): p. 171-194; 1990 Jun. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Water Quality Modeling of Agricultural Non-Point Sources, part 1, June 19-23, 1988, Logan, Utah. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Runoff water; Agricultural chemicals; Sediment; Nutrients; Pesticides; Models; Hydrology 101 NAL Call. No.: TD1.E2 no.91/039 Modeling of nonpoint source water quality in urban and non- urban areas. Donigian, Anthony S.; Huber, Wayne C. Environmental Research Laboratory (Athens, Ga.) Athens, Ga. : Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,; 1991. vi, 72 p. : ill. (EPA/600/3 ; 91/039). June 1991. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water 102 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM3PS (IR) Movement of nonpoint-source contaminants through heterogeneous soils. Tracy, J.C. New York, N.Y. : American Society of Civil Engineers; 1992 Jan. Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering v. 118 (1): p. 88-103; 1992 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Pollutants; Movement in soil; Transport processes; Seepage; Soil water content; Simulation; Probabilistic models; Deterministic models; Comparisons 103 NAL Call. No.: SB482.A4U55 1994 National Park Service activities outside park borders have caused damage to resources and will likely cause more : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands, Committee on Natural Resources, House of Representatives.. Activities outside park borders have caused damage to resources and will likely cause more United States. General Accounting Office; United States, Congress, House, Committee on Natural Resources, Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands Washington, D.C. : The Office,; 1994; GA 1.13:RCED-94-59. 34 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. Cover title. January 1994. GAO/RCED-94-59. "B-255460"--P. 1. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: National parks and reserves; Transboundary pollution; Nonpoint source pollution 104 NAL Call. No.: TD424.8.N65 News-notes the condition of the environment and the control of nonpoint sources of water pollution.. News-notes (Nonpoint Source Information Exchange (U.S.)) United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Nonpoint Source Information Exchange (U.S.) Washington, DC : Nonpoint Source Information Exchange, Assessment and Watershed Protection Division, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds, Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,; 1991-1993; EP 2.2:N 42/. v. ; 28 cm. Issue #27 has title: NPS news-notes. Description based on: #16 (Oct.-Nov. 1991); title from caption. Language: English; English Descriptors: Nonpoint source pollution; Water quality; Watershed management
105 NAL Call. No.: QH540.N3 Nitrate ground-water modeling for agricultural and other nonpoint sources. Kelly, W.E.; Curtis, B.; Adelman, D. Berlin, W. Ger. : Springer-Verlag; 1991. NATO ASI series : Series G : Ecological sciences v. 30: p. 97-113; 1991. In the series analytic: Nitrate contamination: Exposure, consequence, and control / edited by I. Bogardi and R.D. Kuzelka. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nitrate Contamination: Exposure, Consequences, and Control, September 9-14, 1990, Lincoln, Nebraska. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Nitrate; Nitrate fertilizers; Groundwater pollution; Groundwater recharge; Farmland; Simulation models 106 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Nonpoint ground-water pollution potential in Pennsylvania. Deichert, L.A.; Hamlett, J.M. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992. Paper / (922531): 25 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Winter Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," December 15-18, 1992, Nashville, Tennessee. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pennsylvania; Cabt; Groundwater pollution; Models; Wells; Nitrates; Land use 107 NAL Call. No.: 44.8 J824 Nonpoint pollution from animal sources and shellfish sanitation. Stelma, G.N. Jr; McCabe, L.J. Ames, Iowa : International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians; 1992 Aug. Journal of food protection v. 55 (8): p. 649-656; 1992 Aug. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Shellfish; Food sanitation; Water pollution; Fecal flora; Epidemiology; Foodborne diseases; Literature reviews; Zoonoses Abstract: Many of the microorganisms pathogenic to both animals and man are transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Most of these pathogens could conceivably be transmitted through a shellfish vector. Bacteria potentially transmitted from animal to man via shellfish include most of the salmonellae. Yersinia enterocolitica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni, and Listeria monocytogenes. The protozoa most likely to be transmitted this way are Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp. Because the enteric viruses are highly species-specific, they are not likely to be transmitted from animals to humans. There are environmental data showing that bacterial pathogens shed by both domestic and wild animals have been isolated from shellfish. However, there is little epidemiological evidence that illness outbreaks have been caused by shellfish harvested from waters polluted by animals. Unfortunately, epidemiological observations are of limited value because most illnesses are probably not recorded. In addition, more than half of the recorded outbreaks are of unknown etiology, and more than half of the shellfish implicated in illness outbreaks cannot be traced to their points of origin. More lenient bacteriological standards should not be established for waters affected only by animal pollution until health effects studies have been performed, and an indicator that differentiates between human and nonhuman fecal pollution is available. Most of the pollution that originates from domestic animals could be eliminated by simple and inexpensive measures. 108 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1E5 Nonpoint source contamination of the Mississippi River and its tributaries by herbicides. Pereira, W.E.; Hostettler, F.D. Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society; 1993 Aug. Environmental science & technology v. 27 (8): p. 1542-1552; 1993 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; River water; Water pollution; Herbicide residues 109 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Nonpoint source evaluation for shellfish contamination in the Santa Barbara Channel. Kolb, H.E.; LaBuddle, G. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 177-181; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Cabt; Shellfish; Microbial contamination; Pollution; Sources; Water pollution 110 NAL Call. No.: TD424.8.N65 Nonpoint source news-notes.. Nonpoint source news-notes (Washington, D.C. : 1993) Terrene Institute Washington, D. C. : Terrene Institute,; 1993-9999. v. ; 28 cm. Description based on: #29 (May 1993); title from caption. Language: English; English Descriptors: Nonpoint source pollution; Water quality; Watershed management 111 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution modeling using models integrated with geographic information systems (GIS). Engel, B.A.; Srinivasan, R.; Arnold, J.; Rewerts, C.; Brown, S.J. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 685-690; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Pollution; Sources; Watersheds; Rain; Agricultural chemicals; Runoff water; Water pollution; Water erosion; Geographical information systems; Models 112 NAL Call. No.: TD172.J6 Nonpoint source phosphorus loads to Delaware's lakes and streams. Ritter, W.F. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992 May. Journal of environmental science and health : Part A : Environmental science and engineering v. 27 (4): p. 1007-1019; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Delaware; Lakes; Rivers; Water pollution; Phosphorus; Watersheds; Farmland; Forest soils 113 NAL Call. No.: HC103.Z9W32 1991 Nonpoint source pollution.. Nonpoint source Doyle, Paul; Morandi, Larry B. National Conference of State Legislatures Denver, Colo. : National Conference of State Legislatures,; 1991. 11 p. ; 28 cm. (Financing clean water.). Caption title. "August 1991."--P. [4] of cover. Running title: Nonpoint source. "Fourth in a series that presents state legislative options to finance water programs."--P. [1]. Includes bibliographical references (p. 10). Language: English; English Descriptors: Water quality management; Water, Underground; Water 114 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Nonpoint source pollution impacts of alternative agricultural management practice in Illinois: a simulation study. Phillips, D.L.; Hardin, P.D.; Benson, V.W.; Baglio, J.V. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil Conservation Society of America, 1946-; 1993 Sep. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 48 (5): p. 449-457; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Illinois; Cabt; Erosion; Carbon; Nutrient balance; Rotations; Water pollution; No-tillage; Alternative farming; Innovation adoption; Simulation models; Zea mays; Glycine max; Crop yield; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Runoff 115 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Nonpoint source pollution model for agricultural watersheds. Borah, D.K.; Ashraf, M.S. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992. Paper / (922044): 24 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Summer Meeting sponsored by The American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 21-24, 1992, Charlotte, North Carolina. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Watersheds; Pollution 116 NAL Call. No.: KF3790.A5N66 1992 Nonpoint source water pollution causes, consequences, and cures. National Center for Agricultural Law Research and Information (U.S.),Arkansas Water Resources Research Center Fayetteville, Ark. : National Center for Agricultural Law Research and Information, University of Arkansas School of Law,; 1992. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 30 cm. At head of title: Conference handbook. "October 30-31, 1992"--T.p. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: Water; Water, Underground; Agricultural pollution; Agriculture 117 NAL Call. No.: TD223.A1N67 1992 Nonpoint source water quality contacts 1992 directory.. NPS directory Conservation Technology Information Center, United States, Soil Conservation Center West Lafayette, IN : The Center,; 1992. 20 p. ; 28 cm. Cover title. Running title: NPS directory. "Published with the assistance of the USDA Soil Conservation Service"--P. 20. State Soil and Water Conservation Agencies, State Water Quality Agencies, USDA Soil Conservation Service, Cooperative Extension Service, USDA Agricultural Stabilization & Conservation Service, State Coastal Zone Management Agencies, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Water quality management; Water 118 NAL Call. No.: TD419.5.N66 1991 Nonpoint Source Watershed Workshop.. Nonpoint source solutions United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Center for Environmental Research Information (U.S.),Eastern Research Group, Inc Nonpoint Source Watershed Workshop 1991 : New Orleans, La. Washington, D.C. : EPA,; 1991. vi, 209 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. (Seminar publication). "Technology transfer. "Nonpoint source solutions"--Cover. "United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Office of Water"--P. 1 of cover. "September 1, 1991. EPA/625/4-91/027. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Water; Watershed management 119 NAL Call. No.: TD419.R47 Nonpoint sources. Spooner, J.; Coffey, S.W.; Brichford, S.L.; Arnold, J.A.; Smolen, M.D.; Jennings, G.D.; Gale, J.A. Alexandria, Va. : The Federation; 1991 Jun. Research journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation v. 63 (4): p. 527-536; 1991 Jun. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Groundwater; Surface water; Land use; Activity; Agricultural land; Forest soils; Urban areas; Economics; Planning; Water quality; Water resources; Models; Reviews
120 NAL Call. No.: TD419.R47 Nonpoint sources. Line, D.E.; Osmond, D.L.; Coffey, S.W.; Arnold, J.A.; Gale, J.A.; Spooner, J.; Jennings, G.D. Alexandria, VA : Water Environment Federation; 1994 Jun. Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation v. 66 (4): p. 585-601; 1994 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water pollution; Soil pollution; Water quality; Water resources; Pollutants; Pesticides; Biodegradation; Pollution control; Models; Monitoring; Literature reviews 121 NAL Call. No.: S671.A66 Nutrient losses through tile drains from two potato fields. Madramootoo, C.A.; Wiyo, K.A.; Enright, P. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers; 1992 Sep. Applied engineering in agriculture v. 8 (5): p. 639-646; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Quebec; Solanum tuberosum; Agricultural soils; Tile drainage; Nutrients; Losses from soil; Water pollution; Water quality Abstract: Two tile-drained potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) fields, approximately 5 ha (12.35 ac) each, at St. Leonard d'Aston, Quebec, were instrumented to measure tile drain flow over two growing seasons (April to November). The soil type was a St. Jude sandy loam. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations in tile drain flow were monitored throughout the growing seasons. Nitrogen concentrations ranging from 1.70 to 40.02 mg/L were observed. Phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.002 to 0.052 mg/L. On one field, it was found that K concentrations were always less than 10 mg/L. However, on the other field, concentrations were mostly greater than 10 mg/L. At the end of the growing season, in the final year of the project, the total amounts of N which were removed by the subsurface drainage systems of the two fields were 14 kg/ha (12.5 lb/ac) and 70 kg/ha (62.5 lb/ac). 122 NAL Call. No.: S11.N672 Suppl. no.7 Okonomiske analyser av tiltak mot fosforavrenning fra dyrket mark = Economic analyses of measures against phosphorus runoff from nonpoint agricultural sources.. Economic analyses of measures against phosphorus runoff from nonpoint agricultural sources Johnsen, Fred Hakon As, Norge : Statens fagtjeneste for landbruket,; 1990. 118 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. (Norsk landbruksforsking = Norwegian agricultural research. Supplement ; no. 7). Summary and abstract in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-118). Language: Norwegian 123 NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7 Opus: an integrated simulation model for transport of nonpoint-source pollutants at the field scale: volume I. Documentation. Smith, R.E. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1992 Jul. ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (98): 135 p.; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution; Pollutants; Transport processes; Movement in soil; Hydrology; Computer simulation; Simulation models; Water flow; Meteorological factors; Growth models 124 NAL Call. No.: GB980.C53 1993 Paired watershed study design. Clausen, John C.; Spooner, Jean United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water,; 1993. 8 p. : ill. ; 29 cm. Caption title. "Prepared by Dr. John C. Clausen ... and Dr. Jean Spooner"--P. 8. September 1993. 841-F-93-009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 8). Language: English Descriptors: Watersheds; Water quality; Nonpoint source pollution 125 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 W295 Partitioning solute transport between infiltration and overland flow under rainfall. Havis, R.N.; Smith, R.E.; Adrian, D.D. Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union; 1992 Oct. Water resources research v. 28 (10): p. 2569-2580; 1992 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollutants; Solutes; Transport processes; Infiltration; Overland flow; Rain; Surface water; Soil depth; Interactions; Mathematical models; Field experimentation Abstract: Solute transport from soil to overland flow is an important source of nonpoint pollution and was investigated through tracer studies in the laboratory and at an outdoor laboratory catchment. The depth of surface water interaction with soil, defined as the mixing zone is a useful value for approximate estimation of potential solute transport into surface water under rainfall. It was measured in the laboratory for a noninfiltration case (0.90 to 1.0 cm) and estimated through mass balance modeling for an infiltration case (0.52 and 0.73 cm). At an outdoor laboratory catchment, mixing zones were calculated through calibration of a numerical model that describes unsteady, uniform, infiltration and chemical transport. Overland flow was simulated using kinematic wave theory. Mixing zone depths ranged from 0.47 to 1.02 cm and were a linear function of rainfall intensity. Also, the fraction of solute present in the mixing zone at the time of ponding which was extracted into overland flow was a linear function of the initial soil moisture content. A steady state analytical approximation of the solute transport model was also developed which overpredicted solute transport into overland flow by 1 to 60%. 126 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Patterns of periphyton chlorophyll a in an agricultural nonpoint source impacted stream. Delong, M.D.; Brusven, M.A. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1992 Jul. Water resources bulletin v. 28 (4): p. 731-741; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Idaho; Streams; Water pollution; Agriculture;Nutrients; Pollutants; Algae; Chlorophyll Abstract: An agricultural nonpoint source polluted stream in northern Idaho was examined to determine seasonal and longitudinal patterns of periphyton chlorophyll alpha. Chlorophyll alpha was measured at eight sites along Lapwai Creek, a fifth order stream impacted by agricultural runoff containing nutrients and eroded soils. Seasonally, periphyton chlorophyll alpha was lowest in the spring (cumulative x(-) = 60.4 mg m(-2)) and highest in the summer (cumulative average = 222 mg m(-2)). Winter concentrations were higher than expected (cumulative average = 168.6 mg m(-2)). The headwaters, flowing through an open grassy meadow, had the lowest concentrations of the study (two-year average = 49.7 mg m(-2)). Immediately below a small, eutrophic reservoir, periphyton chlorophyll alpha increased markedly (two-year average = 155.8 mg m(-2)) and remained high through a deep canyon (two year average = 135.5 mg m(-2)) and down to the mouth of the stream (two-year average = 172.3 mg(-2)). Periphyton chlorophyll alpha in Lapwai Creek was at least two times greater than values reported in the literature for comparable, undisturbed Idaho streams. We suggest that increased nutrient concentrations via agricultural nonpoint source pollution and increased light penetration from the removal of large, woody riparian vegetation have resulted in high periphyton chlorophyll alpha along the continuum of Lapwai Creek. 127 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Pesticide concentration patterns in agricultural drainage networks in the Lake Erie basin. Richards, R.P.; Baker, D.B. Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1993 Jan. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 12 (1): p. 13-26; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ohio; Pesticides; Water pollution; Trends; Agricultural land; Watersheds; Rivers; Runoff; Storms; Chemical properties; Application methods; Temporal variation; Variation; Pollutants; Land use; Water quality 128 NAL Call. No.: 292.8 J82 Pesticide residues in ground water of the San Joaquin Valley, California. Domagalski, J.L.; Dubrovsky, N.M. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, B.V.; 1992 Jan. Journal of hydrology v. 130 (1/4): p. 299-338; 1992 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: California; Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Pesticides; Pesticide residues; Leaching; Agricultural soils; Soil properties Abstract: A regional assessment of non-point-source contamination of pesticide residues in ground water was made of the San Joaquin Valley, an intensively farmed and irrigated structural trough in central California. About 10% of the total pesticide use in the USA is in the San Joaquin Valley. Pesticides detected include atrazine, bromacil, 2,4-DP, diazinon, dibromochloropropane, 1,2-dibromoethane, dicamba, 1.2-dichloropropane, diuron, prometon, prometryn, propazine and simazine. All are soil applied except diazinon. Pesticide leaching is dependent on use patterns, soil texture, total organic carbon in soil, pesticide half-life and depth to water table. Leaching is enhanced by flood-irrigation methods except where the pesticide is foliar applied such as diazinon. Soils in the western San Joaquin Valley are fine grained and are derived primarily from marine shales of the Coast Ranges. Although shallow ground water is present, the fewest number of pesticides were detected in this region. The fine-grained soil inhibits pesticide leaching because of either low vertical permeability or high surface area; both enhance adsorption on to solid phases. Soils of the valley floor tend to be fine grained and have low vertical permeability. Soils in the eastern part of the valley are coarse grained with low total organic carbon and are derived from Sierra Nevada granites. Most pesticide leaching is in these alluvial soils, particularly in areas where depth to ground water is less than 30 m. The areas currently most susceptible to pesticide leaching are eastern Fresno and Tulare Counties. Tritium in water molecules is an indicator of aquifer recharge with water of recent origin. Pesticide residues transported as dissolved species were not detected in non-tritiated water. Although pesticides were not detected in all samples containing high tritium, these samples are indicative of the presence of recharge water that interacted with agricultural soils. 129 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Phosphorus export from nonpoint sources in the Berg River, Western Cape Province, South Africa. Bath, A.J.; Marais, G.V.R. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 713-718; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South Africa; Cabt; River water; Water pollution; Phosphorus; Pollution; Sources; Models 130 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Phosphorus loads from selected watersheds in the drainage area of the Northern Adriatic Sea. Vighi, M.; Soprani, S.; Puzzarini, P.; Menghi, G. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (2): p. 439-444; 1991 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Adriatic sea; Italy; Watersheds; Phosphorus fertilizers; Leaching; Erosion; Topography Abstract: The Po Valley is one of the most productive agricultural areas in Europe and P losses from fertilizers are often accused of being among the main factors responsible for eutrophication of the Northern Adriatic Sea. To quantify nonpoint phosphorus loads in this area, 15 small watersheds were studied. Thirteen watersheds were in the intensive agricultural area near the coast and two watersheds were in the forested mountains. Land use in the watersheds was carefully examined and P loads from various sources were theoretically evaluated and experimentally measured. The results indicate fertilization does not increase the losses of P through leaching from the coastal soils, where the measured release were in the range 0.03 to 0.21 kg P/ha per year with a mean value of about 0.1 kg P/ha per year. There is, however, a greater loss of P through soil erosion from the mountain watersheds (0.6 kg/ha per year). It can be concluded that the control of point sources must take priority over nonpoint sources in efforts to reduce accelerated eutrophication of the Northern Adriatic Sea. 131 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Phosphorus movement in the landscape. Sharpley, A.N.; Daniel, T.C.; Edwards, D.R. Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Oct. Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (4): p. 492-500; 1993 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on assessment of potential phosphorus losses from a field site", November 4, 1992, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural land; Landscape; Phosphorus; Losses from soil; Movement in soil; Runoff; Erosion; Transport processes; Application to land; Fertilizer requirement determination; Water pollution 132 NAL Call. No.: HC79.E5N3 Point/nonpoint source pollution reduction trading: an interpretive survey. Letson, D. Albuquerque, N.M. : University of New Mexico School of Law; 1992. Natural resources journal v. 32 (2): p. 219-232; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Water pollution; Cost control; Literature reviews 133 NAL Call. No.: 280.8 J822 Point/nonpoint source trading of pollution abatement: choosing the right trading ratio. Malik, A.S.; Letson, D.; Crutchfield, S.R. Ames, Iowa : American Agricultural Economics Association; 1993 Nov. American journal of agricultural economics v. 75 (4): p. 959-967; 1993 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Pollution control; Law enforcement; Costs; Water quality; Trading; Uncertainty; Mathematical models; Ratios Abstract: In programs for trading pollution abatement between point and nonpoint sources, the trading ratio specifies the rate at which nonpoint source abatement can be substituted for point source abatement.The appropriate value of this ratio is unclear because of qualitative differences between the two classes of sources. To identify the optimal trading ratio, we develop and analyze a model of point/nonpoint trading. We find the optimal trading ratio depends on the relative costs of enforcing point versus nonpoint reductions and on the uncertainty associated with nonpoint loadings. The uncertainty does not imply a lower bound for the optimal trading ratio. 134 NAL Call. No.: A281.9 Ag8A no.674 Point-nonpoint source trading for managing agricultural pollutant loadings prospects for coastal watersheds. Letson, David; Crutchfield, Stephen R.; Malik, Arun S. United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service,; 1993. vii, 14 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. (Agricultural economic report ; no. 674). Cover title. "September 1993"--P. [iii]. Water quality. Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-14). Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Agricultural pollution; Nonpoint source pollution
135 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 The political economy of agriculture, ground water quality management, and agricultural research. Roberts, R.S.; Lighthall, D.R. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1991 May. Water resources bulletin v. 27 (3): p. 437-446; 1991 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Corn belt of U.S.A.; Iowa; Groundwater pollution; Water quality; Agricultural chemicals; Agricultural production; Water management; Agricultural research; Agricultural policy Abstract: The growing problem of nonpoint source ground water contamination from agricultural chemicals is conceptualized as an historical outcome of the production environment of capitalist agriculture in the Corn Belt. Chronic overproduction and ground water contamination reveal different aspects of the same technological treadmill. The debate over Iowa's 1987 Ground Water Protection Act symbolizes the contradiction between popular demand for clean water and structural limits on policymaking. Although the Act does provide for expanded research, education, and monitoring, a coalition of commercial farmers, local chemical dealers, and the national chemical industry defeated a tax on pesticide use. Analysis of alternate policy responses--Best Management Practices (BMPs), cross compliance, site-specific regulation of chemical use, and taxation of synthetic chemicals--reveals that all tend to founder on the same structural constraints. Without practical, profitable, low-input technologies that farmers, over time, would choose to adopt, both voluntary and regulatory approaches encounter major political or implementation difficulties. The public agricultural research agenda, therefore, emerges as a central control variable for ground water quality management and a central focus for political struggle. 136 NAL Call. No.: DISS 91-12,446 Poplar tree buffer strips grown in riparian zones for biomass production and nonpoint source pollution control. Licht, Louis Arthur 1990; 1990. xviii, 173 leaves : ill., maps ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-173). Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Biomass energy; Soils; Riparian flora 137 NAL Call. No.: HD101.S6 Prababilistic cost effectiveness in agricultural nonpoint pollution control. McSweeney, W.T.; Shortle, J.S. Experiment, Ga. : The Association; 1990 Jul. Southern journal of agricultural economics - Southern Agricultural Economics Association v. 22 (1): p. 95-104; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Maize; Soybeans; Wheat; Nitrogen; Pollution by agriculture; Water pollution; Runoff control; Water composition and quality; Farm management; Watersheds; Cost analysis; Tillage; No-tillage; Linear programming; Probabilistic models; Case studies Abstract: Conceptual weaknesses in the use of costs of average abatement as a measure of the cost effectiveness of agricultural nonpoint pollution control are examined. A probabilistic alternative is developed. The focus is on methods for evaluating whole-farm pollution control plans rather than individual practices. As a consequence, the analysis is presented in a chance-constrained activity analysis framework because activity analysis procedures are a practical and well developed device for screening farm plans. Reliability of control is shown to be as important as reduction targets in designing farm plans for pollution control. Furthermore, broad-axe prescriptions of technology in the form of Best Management Practices may perform poorly with respect to cost effectiveness. 138 NAL Call. No.: S590.C63 Precision nutrient management--impact on the environment and needs for the future. Swader, F.; Woodward, M. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1994. Communications in soil science and plant analysis v. 25 (7/8): p. 881-888; 1994. Paper presented at the 1993 International Symposium on Soil Testing and Plant Analysis: Precision Nutrient Management, August 14-19, 1993, Olympia, Washington. Part 1. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water quality; Water pollution; Point sources; Pollution control; Nutrients; Management; Application to land; Environmental protection; Profitability; Trends; Regulations; Sustainability 139 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Predicting attainable water quality using the ecoregional approach. Schonter, R.; Novotny, V. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 149-158; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wisconsin; Cabt; Water quality; Body water; Protection; Integrated systems; Water resources; Water management; Ecosystems; Prediction; Models 140 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Predicting spatial distributions of nitrate leaching in northeastern Colorado. Wylie, B.K.; Shaffer, M.J.; Brodahl, M.K.; Dubois, D.; Wagner, D.G. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society; 1994 May. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 49 (3): p. 288-293; 1994 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Colorado; Cabt; Agricultural land; Nitrate nitrogen; Leaching; Spatial distribution; Groundwater pollution; Nitrate; Contamination; Prediction; Simulation models; Geographical information systems; Point sources 141 NAL Call. No.: NBULD3656 1991 T749 Preferences of nonpoint source groundwater protection programs by Nebraska's Natural Resources Districts.. University of Nebraska--Lincoln thesis : Community and Regional Planning Trewhitt, Thomas R. 1991; 1991. vi, 131 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water, Underground; Water districts; Water resources development 142 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Prescription planning: an approach to nonpoint pollution problems. Carlson, C.G.; Dean, R.; Lemme, G. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1990 Mar. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 45 (2): p. 239-241. ill; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Surface water; Water resources; Aquifers; Water pollution 143 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Problem of nonpoint source agricultural water pollution: toward a hypothetical federal legislative solution. Caulfield, H.P. Jr Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1991 May. Water resources bulletin v. 27 (3): p. 447-452; 1991 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Drinking water; Water quality; Environmental legislation; Federal government; Politics; Decision making Abstract: A conceptual framework of politics is set forth in relation to the federal environmental legislative process. This framework for analysis is then related to a hypothetical public problem--ground water pollution from agricultural chemicals. The public problem from the perspective of political analysis is found to involve several different types of difficult issues with which the legislative process must deal if legislation is to be enacted. 144 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Proceedings the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : September 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida.. Seminar publication : the National Rural Clean Water Program Symposium National RCWP Symposium 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution Ten years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution South Florida Water Management District, United States, Environmental Protection Agency National RCWP Symposium 1992 : Orlando, Fla. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development : Office of Water,; 1992. vii, 400 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. Cover title: Seminar publication : the National Rural Clean Water Program Symposium. August 1992. EPA/625/R-92/006. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Water; Water-supply, Rural 145 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 AM32P Production systems to reduce nonpoint source pollution. Donald, J.O.; Martin, J.B.; Gilliam, C.H. St. Joseph, Mich. : The Society; 1990. Paper - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (90-2059): 13 p.; 1990. Paper presented at the "1990 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 24-27, Columbus, Ohio. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alabama; Poultry manure; Agricultural wastes; Composting; Feed supplements; Pollution; Waste utilization 146 NAL Call. No.: ArUKF5627.A314P767 1991 Proposed guidance specifying management measures for sources of nonpoint pollution in coastal waters, proposed under the authority of Section 6217(g) of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Washington, D. C. : United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water,; 1991. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: Coastal zone management; Water; Marine pollution 147 NAL Call. No.: HD1.A3 Quantifying soil erosion for the Shihmen Reservoir watershed, Taiwan. Lo, K.F.A. Oxford : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers; 1994. Agricultural systems v. 45 (1): p. 105-116; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Taiwan; Cabt; Watersheds; Erosion; Sediment; Nutrients; Flow; Transport processes; Sediment yield; Simulation models 148 NAL Call. No.: GB701.W375 no.91-4027 Regional assessment of nonpoint-source pesticide residues in ground water, San Joaquin Valley, California. Domagalski, Joseph L.; Dubrovsky, N. M. Geological Survey (U.S.),San Joaquin Valley Drainage Program Sacramento, Calif. : U.S. Geological Survey ; Denver, CO : Books and Open-File Reports Section [distributor],; 1991. v, 64 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. (Water-resources investigations report ; 91-4027 Regional aquifer-system analysis). Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-41). Language: English Descriptors: Water, Underground; Pesticides 149 NAL Call. No.: TD223.7.E29 1992 Regional nonpoint source program summary environmental Protection Agency Region 10 : Alaska - Idaho - Oregon - Washington - Colville Confederated Tribes. Edwards, Rick; Partee, Grover; Fleming, Fred Seattle, Wash. : Water Division, Watershed Section, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10,; 1992. 1 v. (various pagings) : maps, [1992]. Five maps on folded leaves in pocket. November 1992. Includes bibliographical references (p. G1-G2). Language: English Descriptors: Nonpoint source pollution; Watershed management
150 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F768 Regulation and perceived compliance: nonpoint pollution reduction programs in four states. Floyd, D.W.; MacLeod, M.A. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1993 May. Journal of forestry v. 91 (5): p. 41-44, 46-47; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest management; Pollution control; Regulations; Legislation 151 NAL Call. No.: HC79.P55J6 The regulation of non-point source pollution under imperfect and asymmetric information. Cabe, R.; Herriges, J.A. Orlando, Fla. : Academic Press; 1992 Mar. Journal of environmental economics and management v. 22 (2): p. 134-146; 1992 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution; Control methods; Agricultural chemicals; Information; Costs; Reliability; Bayesian theory; Regulations; Taxes; Farmers' attitudes; Beliefs; Mathematical models Abstract: This paper develops a Bayesian framework for discussing the role of information in the design of non-point- source pollution control mechanisms. An ambient concentration tax is examined, allowing for spatial transport among multiple zones. Imposition of the tax requires costly measurement of concentrations in selected zones, and the selection of zones for measurement must be undertaken without perfect information regarding several parameters of the problem. Potentially crucial information issues discussed include: (a) the impact of asymmetric priors regarding fate and transport. (b) the cost of measuring ambient concentration, and (c) the optimal acquisition of information regarding fate and transport. 152 NAL Call. No.: 57.09 F41 Regulation update--clean water & phosphogypium. Johnson, K. Glen Arm, Md. : Fertilizer Industry Round Table; 1992. Proceedings /. p. 98-100; 1992. Meeting held on October 26-28, 1992, Baltimore, Maryland. Language: English Descriptors: Phosphogypsum; Fertilizer industry; Water pollution; Pollution control; Regulations; Point sources 153 NAL Call. No.: TD419.5.R44 1991 Remote sensing and GIS applications to nonpoint source planning workshop proceedings, Quality Inn Downtown, Chicago, Illinois, October 1-3, 1990. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Region V, Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission Washington, D.C. : Terrene Institute,; 1991. iv, 124 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. April 1991. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water; Geographic information systems; Watershed management 154 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 Research needs and future vision for nonpoint source projects. Robillard, P.D.; Clausen, J.C.; Flaig, E.G.; Martin, D.M. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 385-392; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Water quality; Pollution control; Water management 155 NAL Call. No.: aS21.R44A7 A review of groundwater models for assessment and prediction of nonpoint-source pollution. Duffy, C.J.; Kincaid, C.T.; Huyakorn, P.S. Beltsville, Md. : The Service; 1990 Jun. ARS - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (81): p. 253-278; 1990 Jun. Paper presented at the International Symposium on Water Quality Modeling of Agricultural Non-Point Sources, part 1, June 19-23, 1988, Logan, Utah. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Groundwater; Groundwater pollution; Models; Leaching; Assessment 156 NAL Call. No.: TD426.R49 1991 A review of methods for assessing nonpoint source contaminated ground-water discharge to surface water. United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Ground-Water Protection Division, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Washington, D.C. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water,; 1991. 99 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. April 1991. "EPA 570/9-91-010"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water; Water, Underground 157 NAL Call. No.: 1.98 AG84 Reviving the Chesapeake Bay. Comis, D. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990 Sep. Agricultural research - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service v. 38 (9): p. 4-11. ill; 1990 Sep. Language: English Descriptors: Delaware; Maryland; Virginia; Water pollution; Estuaries; Runoff; Agricultural land; Sewage effluent; Nutrients; Aquatic organisms 158 NAL Call. No.: HD1750.W4 Risk considerations in the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer use in agricultural production. Lambert, D.K. Lincoln, Neb. : Western Agricultural Economics Association; 1990 Dec. Western journal of agricultural economics v. 15 (2): p. 234-244; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arizona; Cotton; Farm income; Nitrogen fertilizers; Pollution; Economic impact; Application rates; Quantity controls; Production functions; Crop production; Taxes 159 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 River salination due to non-point contribution of irrigation return flow in the Breede River, Western Cape Province, South, Africa. Flugel, W.A. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 193-197; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South Africa; Cabt; River water; Salinization; Pollution; Sources; Irrigation; Irrigation systems; Return flow 160 NAL Call. No.: TD224.W6L56 1993 Rural conservation practices for cleaner water. Linquist, Perry; Korb, Gary; Katona, Juli Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Extension, [1993?]; 1993. [8] p. : ill. ; 28 cm. Caption title. "GWQ010"--P. [8]. "I-05-93-5M-20-S"--P. [8]. Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural pollution; Nonpoint source pollution 161 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F7623 Salicaceae family trees in sustainable agroecosystems. Licht, L.A. Ottawa : Canadian Institute of Forestry; 1992 Apr. The Forestry chronicle v. 68 (2): p. 214-217; 1992 Apr. Paper presented at "Contribution of Salicaceae Family to Ameliorating our Environment." Joint Popular Council of Canada/US Popular Council Annual Meeting held Sept. 26-29, 1991, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Salicaceae; Populus; Sustainability; Strip cropping; Groundwater; Water quality; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Ecosystems Abstract: Research at the University of Iowa is testing the ECOLOTREE BUFFER, a prototype wooded buffer strip planted between a creek and row-cropped land with roots grown intentionally deep enough to intersect the near-surface water table. This project demonstrates that Populus spp. trees cultured by using this technique are both ecologically sustaining and productive. Measured data prove that nitrate is removed from near-surface groundwater and that the nitrogen uptake is present as protein in the leaves and the woody stems. The tree's physiological attributes contribute to a harvested value that can "pay its way"; these include fast wood growth, cut-stem rooting, resprouting from a stump, phreatophytic roots, and a high protein content in the leaves. The wooded riparian strip changes the local agroecosystem by reducing fertilizer nutrients causing surface water eutrophication, by diversifying wildlife habitat, by reducing soils erosion caused by wind and water, by diversifying the crop base, by creating an aesthetic addition in the landscape. This idea is a potential technique for managing non-point source pollutants created by modern farming practices. 162 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Sampling of non-point source contamination in high-capacity wells. Zlotnik, V.A.; Spalding, R.F.; Exner, M.E.; Burbach, M.E. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 409-413; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Cabt; Irrigation; Wells; Groundwater pollution; Nitrates; Atrazine; Concentration; Sampling 163 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Seasonal phosphorus losses in runoff from a coastal plain soil. Truman, C.C.; Gascho, G.J.; Davis, J.G.; Wauchope, R.D. Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Oct. Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (4): p. 507-513; 1993 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on assessment of potential phosphorus losses from a field site", November 4, 1992, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Cabt; Coastal plain soils; Agricultural soils; Phosphorus; Losses from soil; Runoff; Water pollution 164 NAL Call. No.: QD241.T6 Septic tank and agricultural non-point source pollution within a rural watershed. Hayes, S.; Newland, L.; Morgan, K.; Dean, K. London : Gordon and Breach Science Publishers; 1990. Toxicological and environmental chemistry v. 26 (1-4): p. 137-155; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Texas; Water pollution; Watersheds; Reservoirs; Rural areas; Septic tank effluent; Pollution by agriculture; Chemical analysis; Ammonia; Phosphates; Fecal coliforms; Streptococcus; Aerial photography
165 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Simulation models, GIS and nonpoint--source pollution: January 1991-December 1993. Makuch, J.; Emmert, B. Beltsville, Md., National Agricultural Library; 1994 Feb. Quick bibliography series - National Agricultural Library (94-06): 78 p.; 1994 Feb. Updates QB 92-69. Language: English Descriptors: Simulation models; Agricultural chemicals; Water quality; Bibliographies 166 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3 Simulation models, GIS and nonpoint-source pollution--January 1988-June 1992. Holloway, D.; Makuch, J. Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1992 Sep. Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library (U.S.). (92-69): 43 p.; 1992 Sep. Bibliography. Language: English Descriptors: Simulation models; Information systems; Groundwater pollution; Agricultural chemicals; Bibliographies 167 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Simulation of sediment and plant nutrient losses by the CREAMS water quality model. Yoon, K.S.; Yoo, K.H.; Soileau, J.M.; Touchton, J.T. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1992 Nov. Water resources bulletin v. 28 (6): p. 1013-1021; 1992 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alabama; Gossypium hirsutum; Conservation tillage; Tillage; Erosion; Runoff; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Losses from soil; Water quality; Water pollution; Catchment hydrology; Simulation models; Prediction Abstract: CREAMS was applied to a field-sized watershed planted to cotton in the Limestone Valley region of northern Alabama. The field was cultivated for three years with conventional tillage (CvT) followed by three years or conservation tillage (CsT). CREAMS is composed of three components: hydrology, erosion, and chemistry. Surface runoff and losses of sediment, N and P were simulated and results were compared with the observed data from the watershed. Curve numbers recommended in the CREAMS user's guide were not adequate for the watershed conditions. The hydrology submodel improved runoff simulation from CvT and CsT when field-data based curve numbers were used. The erosion submodel demonstrated that CsT reduced sediment loss more than CvT, even though CsT had higher runoff than CvT. The nutrient submodel based on the simulated runoff and sediment underpredicted N loss for both CvT and CsT. This submodel, however, accurately predicted P loss for CvT, but underpredicted for CsT (50 percent lower than the observed). The results of CREAMS simulation generally matched the observed order of magnitude for higher runoff, lower sediment, and higher N and P losses from CsT than from CvT. 168 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 IO9PA Soil information related to nonpoint pollution. Miller, G.A. Ames, Iowa : The Service; 1992 Sep. PM - Iowa State University, Cooperative Extension Service v.): 6 p.; 1992 Sep. Language: English Descriptors: Iowa; Soil types; Soil parent materials; Soil texture; Erodibility; Profiles; Soil surveys; Topsoil; Characteristics; Environmental factors 169 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 A spatial decision support system for assessing agricultural nonpoint source pollution. Srinivasan, R.; Engel, B.A. Herndon, Va. : American Water Resources Association; 1994 May. Water resources bulletin v. 30 (3): p. 441-452; 1994 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Texas; Cabt; Pollution; Watersheds; Runoff; Erosion; Geographical information systems; Simulation models; Integrated systems Abstract: A spatial decision support system (SDSS) was developed to assess agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution using an NPS pollution model and geographic information systems (GIS). With minimal user interaction, the SDSS assists with extracting the input parameters for a distributed parameter NPS pollution model from user-supplied GIS base layers. Thus, significant amounts of time, labor, and expertise can be saved. Further, the SDSS assists with visualizing and analyzing the output of the NPS pollution simulations. Capabilities of the visualization component include displays of sediment, nutrient, and runoff movement from a watershed. The input and output interface techniques/algorithms used to develop the SDSS, along with an example application of the SDSS, are described. 170 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Special protection areas: a new nonpoint-source management option in Nebraska. Ehrman, R.L.; Link, M.L.; Gottula, J.J. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1990 Mar. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 45 (2): p. 263-264; 1990 Mar. In subseries: Case studies in rural groundwater management. Throughout the nation innovative programs in response to rural groundwater quality issues. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Groundwater flow; Water quality; Water pollution; Protection 171 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Statewide GIS-based ranking of watersheds for agricultural pollution prevention. Hamlett, J.M.; Miller, D.A.; Day, R.L.; Peterson, G.W.; Baumer, G.M.; Russo, J. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1992 Sep. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 47 (5): p. 399-404; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pollution; Watersheds; Ranking; Computer techniques; Models; Databases; Geography 172 NAL Call. No.: SD356.6.M35S96 1993 Summary of current state nonpoint source control practices for forestry.. Current NPS control practices for forestry Current state nonpoint source control practices for forestry Tetra Tech, inc, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds,; 1993. iv, 168 p. ; 28 cm. Running title: Current NPS control practices for forestry. August 1993. "United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water"--Cover. EPA-841/S-93-001. "EPA Contract Number 68-C3-0303"--P. ii. Language: English; English Descriptors: Forest management; Forests and forestry 173 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Sustainable agriculture: impacts on nonpoint pollution. Hatfield, J.L. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 415-424; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sustainability; Farming; Farming systems; Natural resources; Use efficiency; Pollution control 174 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 AM34 Targeting remedial measures to control nonpoint source pollution. Dickinson, W.T.; Rudra, R.P.; Wall, G.J. Minneapolis, Minn. : American Water Resources Association; 1990 Jun. Water resources bulletin v. 26 (3): p. 499-507; 1990 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Pollution by agriculture; Erosion; Sedimentation; Losses from soil systems; Erosion control; Soil and water conservation; Sediments; Watersheds; Upland areas; Lowland areas; Computer software 175 NAL Call. No.: 290.9 Am32P Targeting Virginia's nonpoint source programs. Hession, W.C.; Flagg, J.M.; Wilson, S.D.; Biddix, R.W.; Shanholtz, V.O. St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers,; 1992. Paper / (922092): 15 p.; 1992. Paper presented at the "1992 International Summer Meeting sponsored by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers," June 21-24, 1992, Charlotte, North Carolina. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Pollution 176 NAL Call. No.: 282.9 G7992 Task force findings and recommendations for enhancing Great Plains water quality. Lacewell, R.D. Lincoln, Neb. : The Council; 1992. Proceedings - Great Plains Agricultural Council. p. 62-68; 1992. Meeting held June 9-11, 1992 in Lincoln, Nebraska. Language: English Descriptors: Northern plains states of U.S.A.; Southern plains states of U.S.A.; Groundwater; Surface water; Water quality; Environmental impact; Water pollution; Water policy 177 NAL Call. No.: 275.9 N213 Teaching soil conservation and non-point source pollution. Dickinson, W.T.; Rudra, R.P.; Wall, G.J. Urbana, Ill. : National Association of Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture; 1990 Mar. NACTA journal v. 34 (1): p. 52-56. maps; 1990 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Agricultural education; Teaching; Soil conservation; Simulation models; Soil pollution 178 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Technical guidance for implementing BMPS in the Coastal zone. Frederick, R.E.; Dressing, S.A. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 129-135; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water pollution; Coastal areas; Technical aid; Guidelines; Pollution; Sources 179 NAL Call. No.: TD224.I2R63 1991 Ten year report.. Rock Creek Rural Clean Water Program final report, 1981-1991 Rock Creek Rural Clean Water Program (Idaho); United States, Dept. of Agriculture Twin Falls, Idaho : The Program,; 1991. 328 p. : ill., maps ; 28 cm. April 1991. In cooperation with USDA ... [et al.]. Cover title: Rock Creek Rural Clean Water Program final report, 1981-1991. Includes biblilographical references (p. 241-287). Language: English; English Descriptors: Water quality management; Nonpoint source pollution; Agricultural pollution
180 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Terrain analysis: integration into the agricultural nonpoint source (AGNPS) pollution model. Panuska, J.C.; Moore, I.D.; Kramer, L.A. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1991 Jan. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 46 (1): p. 59-64; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Terrain; Pollution; Water quality; Erosion; Computer simulation 181 NAL Call. No.: HC110.W43T48 1993 Theory, modeling, and experience in the management of nonpoint-source pollution. Russell, Clifford S.; Shogren, Jason F. Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers,; 1993. xvii, 345 p. : ill., maps ; 24 cm. (Natural resource management and policy). Papers presented at a workshop sponsored by the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists and held at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, in June 1991. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: Water; Agricultural pollution; Water quality management 182 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Three types of approaches to controlling non-point source pollution of agrochemicals from golf links in water resources management. Morioka, T. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 549-559; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Japan; Cabt; Pesticides; Pollution; Sources; Golf courses; Water pollution; Pollution control 183 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E58 Toxicity of sediments containing atrazine and carbofuran to larvae of the midge Chironomus tentans. Douglas, W.S.; McIntosh, A.; Clausen, J.C. Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1993 May. Environmental toxicology and chemistry v. 12 (5): p. 847-853; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Camptochironomus tentans; Toxicity; Atrazine; Carbofuran; Pesticide mixtures; Runoff; Mortality; Nontarget organisms; Water pollution 184 NAL Call. No.: TD223.N36 1992 A tracking index for nonpoint source implementation projects. Dressing, S.A.; Clausen, J.C.; Spooner, J. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; 1992. Proceedings: the National RCWP Symposium : 10 years of controlling agricultural nonpoint source pollution : the RCWP experience : Sept 13-17, 1992, Orlando, Florida. p. 77-87; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Pollution control; Water management 185 NAL Call. No.: TD424.35.I6M67 1991 Use of the Black Creek database to analyze techniques for estimating nonpoint source loadings from small watersheds (May 1988). Morrison, James; Christensen, Ralph G. Chicago, Ill. : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes National Program Office,; 1991. 17 p. : ill., map ; 28 cm. PB93-128072. EPA-905/9-91-011. Grant no.R005754-01. Language: English Descriptors: Water; Watershed management 186 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Using the phosphorus assessment tool in the field. Stevens, R.G.; Sobecki, T.M.; Spofford, T.L. Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, c1987-; 1993 Oct. Journal of production agriculture v. 6 (4): p. 487-492; 1993 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on assessment of potential phosphorus losses from a field site", November 4, 1992, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Cabt; Washington; Cabt; Site class assessment; Phosphorus; Losses from soil; Risk; Indexes; Site factors; Resource management; Water pollution 187 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 Am34 Validation of AGNPS for small watersheds using an integrated AGNPS/GIS system. Mitchell, J.K.; Engel, B.A.; Srinivasan, R.; Wang, S.S.Y. Bethesda, Md. : American Water Resources Association; 1993 Sep. Water resources bulletin v. 29 (5): p. 833-842; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Illinois; Cabt; Watersheds; Pollution; Runoff; Sediment; Erosion; Catchment hydrology; Simulation models; Geographical information systems; Integrated systems; Topography Abstract: The AGNPS (Agricultural NonPoint Source) model was evaluated for predicting runoff and sediment delivery from small watersheds of mild topography. Fifty sediment yield events were monitored from two watersheds and five nested subwatersheds in East Central Illinois throughout the growing season of four years. Half of these events were used to calibrate parameters in the AGNPS model. Average calibrated parameters were used as input for the remaining events to obtain runoff and sediment yield data. These data were used to evaluate the suitability of the AGNPS model for predicting runoff and sediment yield from small, mild-sloped watersheds. An integrated AGNPS/GIS system was used to efficiently create the large number of data input changes necessary to this study. This system is one where the AGNPS model was integrated with the GRASS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) GIS (Geographical Information System) to develop a decision support tool to assist with management of runoff and erosion from agricultural watersheds. The integrated system assists with the development of input GIS layers to AGNPS, running the model, and interpretation of the results. 188 NAL Call. No.: SB475.83.V44 1992 Vegetative practices guide for nonpoint source pollution management., Rev. December 16, 1992.. Hampton Roads Planning District Commission (Va.) Chesapeake, Va.? : The Commission,; 1992. 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 28 cm. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Landscape architecture in water conservation; Nonpoint source pollution 189 NAL Call. No.: KF3788.U54 1990 Water pollution greater EPA leadership needed to reduce nonpoint source pollution : report to the Chairman and Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Committee on Public Works and Transportation, House of Representatives.. Greater EPA leadership needed to reduce nonpoint source pollution Nonpoint source pollution United States. General Accounting Office; United States, Congress, House, Committee on Public Works, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight Washington, DC : The Office,; 1990; GA 1.13:RCED-91-10. 56 p. : map ; 28 cm. Cover title. Running title: Nonpoint source pollution. October 1990. GAO/RCED-91-10. "B-236683"-- P. [1]. Includes bibliographical references. Language: English; English Descriptors: Water; Water quality 190 NAL Call. No.: 56.8 J822 Water quality and agariculture: Mississippi experiences. Cooper, C.M.; Lipe, W.M. Ankeny, Iowa : Soil and Water Conservation Society of America; 1992 May. Journal of soil and water conservation v. 47 (3): p. 220-223; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mississippi; Water quality; Agricultural production; Agricultural land; Environmental impact; Environmental degradation; Water pollution; Pollutants; Sediment; Nutrients; Pesticides; Coliform bacteria; Losses from soil systems; Soil conservation; Water conservation; Erosion control; Runoff; Eutrophication; Animal wastes; Waste treatment; Case studies 191 NAL Call. No.: 292.9 C1282 Water quality and nonpoint source pollution. Martinson, S.M. Riverside, Calif. : The Center; 1991 Apr. Report - California Water Resources Center, University of California (75): p. 103-109; 1991 Apr. In the series analytic: California Watersheds at the Urban Interface / edited by J.J. DeVries and S.G. Conard. Proceedings of the Third Biennial Watershed Conference, Oct 30-31, 1990, Ontario, California. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Pollution 192 NAL Call. No.: Z5862.2.W3W38 1993 Water quality effects and nonpoint source control for forestry an annotated bibliography. Craig, John United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, Nonpoint Source Control Branch, Tetra Tech, inc Washington, DC : Nonpoint Source Control Branch, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,; 1993. ii, 241 p. ; 28 cm. "Prepared by John Craig ..."--P. i. August, 1993. "EPA-841/B-93-005"--Cover. Language: English Descriptors: Water quality; Forests and forestry 193 NAL Call. No.: QH540.J6 Water quality impacts associated with sorghum culture in Southern Plains. Sharpley, A.N.; Smith, S.J.; Williams, J.R.; Jones, O.R.; Coleman, G.A. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Jan. Journal of environmental quality v. 20 (1): p. 239-244; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sorghum bicolor; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers; Runoff; Sediment; Surface water; Tillage; Transport processes; Water pollution; Water quality; Watersheds; Environmental impact; Eutrophication 194 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A42 Water quality management tools for national and western nonpoint source control. Dean, R. Fort Collins, Colo. : Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1993. General technical report RM / (226): p. 3-7; 1993. In the series analytic: Riparian management: common threads and shared interests. Paper presented at a conference on Feb. 4-6, 1993, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Cabt; Water pollution; Environmental policy; Finance; Regulations 195 NAL Call. No.: TC424.M6T43 no.132 Water quality modeling terrain analysis and the agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPS) model.. Terrain analysis and the agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPS) model Panuska, John C.; Moore, Ian D. University of Minnesota, Water Resources Research Center, Geological Survey (U.S.) St. Paul, MN : Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota,; 1991. iii, 56 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. (Technical report (University of Minnesota. Water Resources Research Center) ; no. 132.). May 1991. Supported in part by funds provided by the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, and the Water Resources Research Center, University of Minnesota, as authorized by the Water Resources Research and Development Act of 1984--Prelim. page. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-56). Language: English Descriptors: Water quality management; Agricultural pollution 196 NAL Call. No.: TD420.A1P7 Zelivka river storage and treatment complex supplying the Prague Agglomeration with drinking water: addressing point and non-point pollution problems. Chour, V.; Holas, J.; Korab, J.; Srb, O. Oxford ; New York : Pergamon Press, c1981-; 1993. Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research v. 28 (3/5): p. 159-163; 1993. Paper presented at the IAWQ First International Conference on "Diffuse (Nonpoint) Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact, Abatement." September 19-24, 1993, Chicago, Illinois. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Czechoslovakia; Cabt; River water; Reservoirs; Water pollution; Sources; Eutrophication; Agricultural land
Adelman, D. 105 Adrian, D.D. 125 Alonso, C.V. 99 Arnold, J. 111 Arnold, J.A. 45, 119, 120 Ashraf, M.S. 38, 115 Baglio, J.V. 114 Baker, D.B. 127 Baker, J.C. 33 Bath, A.J. 129 Batie, S.S. 62, 75 Bauereis, E.I. 21 Baumer, G.M. 61, 171 Beasley, D.B. 100 Bedient, Philip B., 20 Beeton, A.M. 44 Bengtson, R.L. 77 Bennett, Steve 18 Benson, V.W. 114 Biddix, R.W. 175 Binkley, D. 57, 83 Bogardi, I. 66 Bonta, J.V. 54 Borah, D.K. 38, 115 Bouzaher, A. 93 Braden, J.B. 91 Brichford, S.L. 119 Brodahl, M.K. 140 Brown, D. 83 Brown, S.J. 111 Brown, T.C. 57, 83 Brusven, M.A. “22, 126 Burbach, M.E. 40, 162 Burt, J.P. 8 Cabe, R. 93, 151 Calkins, B.L. 90 Cardwell, John 71 Carey, A.E. 6 Carlson, C.G. 142 Carochi, J. 85 Carriquiry, A. 93 Carsel, R.F. 78 Carter, C.E. 77 Caulfield, H.P. Jr 143 Chandra, P. 17 Chapra, S.C. 87 Charbonneau, R. 82 Chen, Y.D. 78 Cherryholmes, K.L. 68 Chour, V. 196 Christensen, L. A. 47 Christensen, Ralph G. 185 Clausen, J.C. 154, 183, 184 Clausen, John C. 124 Cockrell, Charles W. 27 Coffey, S.W. 45, 119, 120 Coleman, G.A. 193 Comis, D. 157 Conservation Technology Information Center, United States, Soil Conservation Center 117 Contant, C.K. 32 Cooper, A.B. 98 Cooper, C.M. 190 Corbett, E.S. 50 Craig, John 192 Crutchfield, S.R. 133 Crutchfield, Stephen R. 134 Cubbage, F.W. 30, 58 Curtis, B. 105 Daniel, T.C. 25, 37, 87, 131 Davie, D.K. 41 Davis, J.G. 163 Day, R.L. 61, 171 Dean, K. 164 Dean, R. 142, 194 Deichert, L.A. 106 Delong, M.D. 22, 126 Detroy, M.G. 68 Dickinson, W.T. 5, 76, 174, 177 Diebel, P.L. 75 Dillworth, M.E. 23 Domagalski, J.L. 128 Domagalski, Joseph L. 148 Donald, J.O. 145 Donigian, Anthony S. 101 Donohue, S.J. 33 Douglas, W.S. 183 Doyle, Paul 113 Dressing, S.A. 178, 184 Dubois, D. 140 Dubrovsky, N. M. 148 Dubrovsky, N.M. 128 Duda, A.M. 2 Duffy, C.J. 155 Duffy, M.D. 32 Dyck, W.J. 98 Eatherall, A. 88 Ebodaghe, Denis Abumere, 1 Edwards, C. A. 7 Edwards, D.R. 25, 37, 131 Edwards, Rick 149 Ehrman, R.L. 170 Ekholm, P. 55 Emmert, B. 165 Engel, B.A. 111, 169, 187 Enright, P. 121 Environmental Research Laboratory (Athens, Ga.) 101 Euw, E.L. von 76 Exner, M.E. 40, 162 Flagg, J.M. 175 Flaig, E.G. 154 Fleming, Fred 149 Flippo, Herbert N. 15 Floyd, D.W. 150 Flugel, W.A. 159 Frederick, R.E. 178 Fried, J.J. 66 Frind, E. 66 Furlong, E.T. 64 Gale, J.A. 45, 119, 120 Gallagher, D.L. 65 Galveston Bay National Estuary Program 20 Garg, P. 17 Gascho, G.J. 163 Gassman, P.W. 93 Geological Survey (U.S.),San Joaquin Valley Drainage Program 148 Ghadiri, H. 5 Gilbert, R.G. 28 Gilliam, C.H. 145 Gottula, J.J. 170 Graham-Tomasi, Theodore 80 Hall, D.W. 43 Hall, J. 9 Hall, J.A. 54 Halstead, J.M. 62, 75 Hamilton, J.R. 90 Hamlett, J.M. 61, 106, 171 Hampton Roads Planning District Commission (Va.) 188 Haney, H.L. Jr 58 Hardin, P.D. 114 Hariston, J.E. 74 Hatfield, J.L. 173 Havis, R.N. 125 Hawkins, G.W. 33 Hawks, L.J. 58 Hayes, S. 164 Heatwole, C.D. 52, 75 Heidtke, T.M. 10 Helgesen, John O. 12 Hermsmeyer, B. 36 Herriges, J.A. 151 Hession, W.C. 175 Hickman, C.A. 30 Holas, J. 196 Holloway, D. 166 Holub, M.A. 32 Hostettler, F.D. 108 Howar, H.D. 92 Howett, C. 9 Hubbard, R.K. 95 Huber, Wayne C. 101 Humenik, F.J. 45 Huyakorn, P.S. 155 Idaho, Division of Environmental Quality 71 International Association of Water Quality 34 Jackson, Donald R. 15 Jakubauskas, M.E. 23 Jenkins, A. 88 Jennings, G.D. 119, 120 Johengen, T.H. 44 Johnsen, Fred Hakon 122 Johnson, K. 152 Jones, O.R. 193 Jones, R.L. 86 Jorgensen, S.E. 5 Kalkhoff, S.J. 68 Kamari, J. 55 Katona, Juli 160 Kelly, W.E. 66, 105 Kincaid, C.T. 155 Kolb, H.E. 109 Kondolf, G.M. 82 Konyar, K. 79 Korab, J. 196 Korb, Gary 160 Kozloff, K. 96 Kozloff, Keith 53 Kramer, L.A. 180 Kramer, R.A. 75 Krause, Kenneth R., 47 Kuske, J. 89 Kuzniar, R.L. 68 LaBuddle, G. 109 Lacewell, R.D. 176 Lakshminarayan, P.G. 93 Lambert, D.K. 158 Lant, C.L. 41 Larson, B.A. 39 Larson, Bruce A. 4 Leavesley, G.H. 100 Lehman, D.A. 26 Lemme, G. 142 Lemunyon, J.L. 28 Leonard, R.A. 100 Lessley, B.V. 92 Letson, D. 132, 133 Letson, David 134 Licht, L.A. 161 Licht, Louis Arthur 136 Lichtenberg, E. 92 Lickwar, P.M. 30 Lighthall, D.R. 135 Line, D.E. 42, 45, 120 Link, M. 63 Link, M.L. 170 Linquist, Perry 160 Lipe, W.M. 190 Lo, K.F.A. 147 Lowrance, R. 95 Lubello, C. 35 Lynch, J.A. 50 MacLeod, M.A. 150 Madramootoo, C.A. 31, 121 Makuch, J. 165, 166 Malik, A.S. 39, 133 Malik, Arun S. 4, 134 Marais, G.V.R. 129 Marsh, J.M. 11 Martin, D.M. 154 Martin, J.B. 145 Martinko, E.A. 23 Martinson, S.M. 191 McCabe, L.J. 107 McCutcheon, S.C. 78 McIntosh, A. 183 McKissack, D. 51 McSweeney, W.T. 137 Menghi, G. 130 Miller, D.A. 61, 171 Miller, G.A. 168 Minnesota Pollution Control Agency 97 Minshall, G. Wayne 16 Mitchell, J.K. 187 Monnett, M.M. 33 Montas, H. 31 Moore, I.D. 180 Moore, Ian D. 195 Moore, P.A. Jr 37 Morandi, Larry B. 113 Morgan, K. 164 Morioka, T. 182 Morrison, James 185 Morse, G. 88 Mostaghimi, S. 73 National Center for Agricultural Law Research and Information (U.S.), Arkansas Water Resources Research Center 116 National Conference of State Legislatures 113 Nearing, M.A. 49 Netusil, N.R. 91 Newell, Charles J. 20 Newland, L. 164 Newman, D.H. 58 Novotny, V. 139 Nutter, W.L. 78 Olem, Harvey 34 Olson, Richard K. 29 Opaluch, J.J. 3 Oregon State University, Water Resources Research Institute, Oregon State University, Extension Service 81 Osborn, C.T. 79 Osmond, D.L. 45, 120 Padgitt, S. 62 Panuska, J.C. 180 Panuska, John C. 195 Partee, Grover 149 Pereira, W.E. 108 Petersen, G.W. 61 Peterson, G.W. 171 Phillips, D.L. 114 Pionke, H.B. 100 Piper, S.L. 48 Posch, M. R55 Preti, F. 35 Prout, A.L. 19 Puzzarini, P. 130 Rai, U.N. 17 Rasmussen, T.C. 78 Razavian, D. 70 Reay, W.G. 65 Reddy, K.R. 87 Rekolainen, S. 55 Relf, P.D. 51 Rewerts, C. 111 Ribaudo, M. 39 Ribaudo, M.O. 48, 79 Ribaudo, Marc 4 Richards, R.P. 127 Rifai, H. S. 20 Rijtema, P.E. 66 Risse, R.M. 49 Risser, D.W. 43 Ritter, W.F. 112 Roberts, R.S. 135 Robillard, P.D. 56, 154 Robinson, Christopher T. 16 Rock Creek Rural Clean Water Program (Idaho) 179 Rogers, L.F. 49 Rose, C.W. 5 Rudra, R.P. 76, 174, 177 Ruffio, R.M.C. 46 Russell, Clifford S. 181 Russo, J. 61, 171 Rutledge, A. T. 12 Sapek, A. 13 Sapek, B. 13 Schipper, L.A. 98 Schonter, R. 139 Segerson, K. 3 Shaffer, M.J. 140 Shaffer, R.M. 58 Shanholtz, V.O. 175 Sharpley, A.N. 87, 131, 193 Shaw, D.R. 74 Shirmohammadi, A. 26 Shogren, J.F. 93 Shogren, Jason F. 181 Shoraka, S. 26 Shortle, J.S. 137 Simmons, G.M. Jr 65 Simpson, T.W. 33 Sims, J.T. 87 Sinha, S. 17 Smith, C.A. 74 Smith, M.C. 95 Smith, R.E. 123, 125 Smith, S.J. 193 Smolen, M.D. 119 Sobecki, T.M. 186 Soileau, J.M. 167 Soprani, S. 130 South Florida Water Management District, United States, Environmental Protection Agency 144 Southwick, L.M. 77 Spalding, R.F. 40, 162 Spofford, T.L. 186 Spooner, J. 42, 45, 119, 120, 184 Spooner, Jean 124 Squillace, P.J. 64, 69 Srb, O. 196 Srinivasan, R. 111, 169, 187 Steed, Robert 71 Stelma, G.N. Jr 107 Stevens, R.G. 186 Stockdale, Erik C. 60 Strickler, J.K. 59 Stullken, Lloyd E. 12 Summer, R.M. 99 Susquehanna River Basin Commission 15 Swader, F. 138 Taff, S.J. 96 Taylor, D.B. 75 Terrene Institute 110 Tetra Tech, Inc, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds 172 Thurman, E.M. 64, 69 Tim, U.S 73 Touchton, J.T. 167 Tracy, J.C. 102 Trewhitt, Thomas R. 141 Tripathi, R.D. 17 Truman, C.C. 163 Turner, G.W. 46 United States, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, United States, Extension Service, United States, Soil Conservation Service 1 United States, Congress, House, Committee on Natural Resources, Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands 103 United States, Congress, House, Committee on Public Works, Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight 189 United States, Dept. of Agriculture 179 United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service 47, 134 United States, Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Resources and Technology Division 4 United States, Environmental Protection Agency 97 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Ground-Water Protection Division, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water 156 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development 14 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Center for Environmental Research Information (U.S.),Eastern Research Group, Inc 118 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds 29 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water 67, 124, 146 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Nonpoint Source Information Exchange (U.S.) 104 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, Nonpoint Source Control Branch, Tetra Tech, Inc 192 United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Region V, Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission 153 United States, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water 24 United States. Environmental Protection Agency 67 United States. General Accounting Office 103, 189 University of Minnesota, Water Resources Research Center, Geological Survey (U.S.) 195 Valentine, J. 85 Vellidis, G. 95 Vendrell, P.F. 37 Vighi, M. 130 Wagner, D.G. 140 Walker, D.J. 90 Wall, G.J. 174, 177 Wang, S.S.Y. 187 Wang, Y. 96 Warriner, M.R. 72 Washington (State), Dept. of Ecology 60 Wauchope, R.D. 163 Weaver, D.M. 19 Webster, K.T. 94 Wedepohl, R. 87 Weinberg, A.C. 84 Whistler, J.L. 23 Williams, J.R. 193 Willis, G.H. 77 Wilson, S.D. 175 Winter, Gerry 71 Wisconsin Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Abatement Program 18 Wiyo, K.A. 121 Wolf, Donald W. 81 Woodward, M. 138 Wu, T.H. 54 Wylie, B.K. 140 Yoo, K.H. 167 Yoon, K.S. 167 Young, R.A. 99 Younos, T.M. 73 Zacharias, S. 52 Zlotnik, V.A. 162
Activity 119 Adriatic sea 130 Aerial photography 164 Aggregate data 3 Agricultural chemicals 5, 35, 40, 62, 66, 68, 71, 86, 93, 94, 100, 111, 135, 143, 151, 165, 166 Agricultural education 177 Agricultural land 19, 36, 42, 49, 55, 65, 68, 70, 73, 79, 91, 96, 99, 119, 127, 131, 140, 157, 190, 196 Agricultural policy 3, 62, 75, 135 Agricultural pollution 1, 4, 18, 47, 116, 134, 160, 179, 181, 195 Agricultural production 2, 6, 8, 13, 32, 42, 135, 190 Agricultural research 135 Agricultural sector 3 Agricultural soils 121, 128, 163 Agricultural wastes 76, 145 Agriculture 7, 84, 88, 116, 126 Air pollution 13 Alabama 145, 167 Alachlor 68 Algae 126 Alluvium 68 Alternative farming 114 Ammonia 164 Ammonium nitrogen 73 Angling 48 Animal waste 47 Animal wastes 95, 190 Application 35 Application methods 73, 127 Application rates 158 Application to land 43, 131, 138 Aquatic organisms 157 Aquatic plants 17 Aquifers 64, 68, 142 Arizona 158 Arkansas 25, 37 Artificial precipitation 73 Assessment 28, 78, 155 Atrazine 64, 68, 77, 162, 183 Bayesian theory 151 Beliefs 151 Bibliographies 89, 165, 166 Bioassays 11 Biodegradation 120 Biological indicators 11 Biomass energy 136 Bioremediation 95 Body water 17, 21, 139 Cabt 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 17, 19, 25, 32, 33, 35, 37, 41, 42, 43, 46, 49, 51, 52, 57, 64, 78, 79, 83, 85, 91, 106, 109, 111, 114, 129, 133, 138, 139, 140, 147, 159, 162, 163, 169, 178, 182, 186, 187, 194, 196 California 82, 109, 128 Camptochironomus tentans 183 Canada 57 Carbofuran 183 Carbon 114 Case studies 137, 190 Catchment hydrology 70, 167, 187 Characteristics 168 Chemical analysis 164 Chemical oxygen demand 49 Chemical properties 127 Chlorophyll 99, 126 Clearcutting 50 Climatic factors 70 Coastal areas 21, 178 Coastal plain soils 163 Coastal zone management 24, 67, 146 Coliform bacteria 190 Colorado 85, 140 Comparisons 55, 102 Composting 145 Computer simulation 123, 180 Computer software 88, 174 Computer techniques 171 Concentration 69, 162 Conservation tillage 74, 167 Constructed wetlands 29 Contamination 3, 62, 63, 140 Contracts 91 Control 85 Control methods 151 Cooperation 85 Cooperative extension service 51 Corn belt of U.S.A. 135 Cost analysis 92, 137 Cost control 132 Cost effectiveness analysis 90, 96 Costs 75, 91, 133, 151 Cotton 158 Crop management 70, 87 Crop production 62, 158 Crop yield 114 Cropping systems 74 Cyanazine 68 Czechoslovakia 196 Dairy farming 62 Dairy wastes 62 Data collection 23 Databases 33, 171 Decision making 31, 143 Delaware 112, 157 Denitrification 98 Denitrifying microorganisms 98 Deterministic models 102 Discharge 64, 65 Documentation 36 Drainage 55, 98 Drinking water 143 Drying 37 Ecology 78 Economic impact 62, 158 Economic policy 39 Economics 119 Ecosystems 139, 161 Educational programs 51 Environmental assessment 46 Environmental degradation 9, 190 Environmental education 51 Environmental factors 168 Environmental impact 6, 41, 62, 82, 84, 176, 190, 193 Environmental impact statements 20 Environmental legislation 8, 39, 143 Environmental management 6, 19 Environmental monitoring 16 Environmental policy 194 Environmental protection 6, 33, 138 Epidemiology 107 Erodibility 168 Erosion 22, 31, 54, 70, 82, 87, 91, 96, 114, 130, 131, 147, 167, 169, 174, 180, 187 Erosion control 41, 85, 91, 174, 190 Estimates 55 Estimation 48 Estuaries 9, 65, 157 Eutrophication 19, 28, 73, 87, 190, 193, 196 Expert systems 31 Extension education 51 Farm income 158 Farm management 19, 62, 90, 92, 137 Farmers' attitudes 62, 151 Farming 173 Farming systems 99, 173 Farmland 22, 82, 105, 112 Fecal coliforms 164 Fecal flora 107 Federal government 83, 85, 143 Federal programs 41 Feed supplements 145 Fertilizer industry 152 Fertilizer requirement determination 33, 131 Fertilizers 43, 51 Festuca arundinacea 25, 37 Field experimentation 125 Finance 194 Finland 55 Fish 11 Flow 55, 147 Food sanitation 107 Foodborne diseases 107 Forest influences 57 Forest management 50, 57, 150, 172 Forest soils 112, 119 Forestry 30, 59 Forests 58 Forests and forestry 172, 192 Frequency 55 Furrow irrigation 90 Galveston Bay (Tex.) 20 Geographic information systems 153 Geographical information systems 10, 88, 111, 140, 169, 187 Geography 171 Geological sedimentation 85 Georgia 49, 95, 163 Glycine max 74, 114 Golf courses 182 Gossypium hirsutum 167 Groundwater 3, 12, 40, 43, 64, 65, 66, 71, 93, 102, 119, 128, 155, 161, 176 Groundwater flow 170 Groundwater pollution 26, 43, 62, 63, 66, 69, 75, 86, 102, 105, 106, 128, 135, 140, 143, 155, 162, 166 Groundwater recharge 105 Growth models 123 Guidelines 178 Habitats 22, 85 Hapludults 73 Hazardous waste sites 27 Health hazards 62 Herbicide residues 69, 108 Herbicides 74, 93 Hydrology 20, 43, 100, 123 Idaho 22, 126 Illinois 41, 114, 187 Incentives 39, 62 Indexes 28, 186 Infiltration 125 Information 151 Information systems 3, 22, 31, 61, 166 Innovation adoption 114 Integrated systems 139, 169, 187 Interactions 65, 125 Interviews 62 Iowa 32, 62, 64, 68, 69, 135, 161, 168 Irrigation 159, 162 Irrigation systems 159 Italy 35, 130 Japan 182 Kansas 23, 59 Kentucky 11 Kjeldahl method 73 Lakes 10, 49, 98, 99, 112 Land diversion 79, 82 Land evaluation 33 Land management 36, 96 Land use 10, 12, 20, 33, 49, 65, 82, 96, 106, 119, 127 Land use planning 31 Landsat 23 Landscape 131 Landscape architecture in water conservation 188 Law enforcement 133 Leaching 52, 66, 86, 128, 130, 140, 155 Legislation 58, 83, 150 Linear programming 137 Literature reviews 5, 107, 120, 132 Loads 10 Losses from soil 19, 28, 43, 74, 76, 87, 121, 131, 163, 167, 186 Losses from soil systems 73, 174, 190 Lowland areas 174 Maize 137 Maize soils 68 Management 33, 89, 138 Manures 43, 87 Mapping 22 Marginal analysis 90 Marine pollution 67, 146 Marketing techniques 91 Maryland 21, 51, 58, 92, 157 Mass media 51 Mathematical models 3, 55, 79, 125, 133, 151 Measurement 54 Metabolites 64 Meteorological factors 123 Metolachlor 77 Michigan 44 Microbial contamination 109 Microeconomic analysis 3 Minnesota 69, 96 Mississippi 190 Models 5, 10, 35, 48, 66, 69, 76, 78, 100, 106, 111, 119, 120, 129, 139, 155, 171 Monitoring 44, 55, 83, 120 Mortality 183 Movement in soil 43, 73, 102, 123, 131 National parks and reserves 103 Natural resources 173 Nebraska 36, 63, 70, 105, 162, 170 New South Wales 46 New York 10 Nitrate 63, 98, 105, 140 Nitrate fertilizers 98, 105 Nitrate nitrogen 49, 73, 140 Nitrates 43, 68, 75, 106, 161, 162 Nitrogen 9, 13, 43, 49, 65, 73, 99, 114, 137, 161, 167 Nitrogen balance 13 Nitrogen fertilizers 73, 158, 193 No-tillage 52, 73, 114, 137 Nonpoint source pollution 1, 7, 12, 15, 18, 34, 47, 67, 71, 97, 103, 104, 110, 124, 134, 149, 160, 179, 188 Nontarget organisms 183 North Carolina 9, 45 Northern plains states of U.S.A. 176 Npk fertilizers 25 Nutrient balance 114 Nutrient sources 9 Nutrient uptake 161 Nutrients 9, 19, 33, 100, 121, 126, 138, 147, 157, 190 Ohio 127 Ontario 76, 174 Oregon 186 Orissa 17 Overland flow 69, 125 Participation 41, 48 Pastures 25 Pennsylvania 43, 61, 106 Pesticide mixtures 183 Pesticide residues 44, 128 Pesticides 6, 11, 14, 52, 100, 120, 127, 128, 148, 182, 190 Pests 7 Phosphates 164 Phosphogypsum 152 Phosphorus 10, 19, 28, 49, 55, 65, 81, 87, 99, 112, 114, 129, 131, 163, 167, 186 Phosphorus fertilizers 130, 193 Piezometers 40 Pig manure 25 Planning 119 Point sources 6, 9, 19, 33, 41, 138, 140, 152 Poland 13 Politics 143 Pollutants 9, 76, 102, 120, 123, 125, 126, 127, 190 Pollution 8, 22, 25, 30, 37, 38, 42, 46, 49, 55, 68, 70, 72, 87, 88, 89, 109, 111, 115, 123, 129, 145, 151, 158, 159, 169, 171, 175, 178, 180, 182, 187, 191 Pollution by agriculture 137, 164, 174 Pollution control 9, 33, 36, 39, 44, 45, 46, 56, 78, 79, 83, 87, 90, 94, 95, 120, 133, 138, 150, 152, 154, 173, 182, 184 Populus 161 Poultry manure 25, 37, 145 Precipitation 43 Prediction 88, 139, 140, 167 Probabilistic models 102, 137 Problem solving 85 Production functions 158 Profiles 168 Profitability 138 Programs 62, 63, 83 Protection 78, 139, 170 Public agencies 85 Public opinion 62 Quantity controls 158 Quebec 31, 121 Questionnaires 62 Rain 31, 73, 76, 111, 125 Rainfall simulators 37 Ranking 171 Ratios 133 Reclamation 95 Regulations 138, 150, 151, 152, 194 Reliability 151 Remote sensing 23 Reservoirs 164, 196 Residues 36 Resource conservation 58 Resource management 28, 186 Return flow 90, 159 Reviews 119 Riparian flora 136 Riparian forests 59, 95 Riparian vegetation 22 Risk 28, 62, 78, 186 River water 64, 69, 108, 129, 159, 196 Rivers 35, 64, 98, 112, 127 Rotations 114 Runoff 25, 37, 51, 54, 55, 70, 73, 74, 87, 92, 95, 98, 114, 127, 131, 157, 163, 167, 169, 183, 187, 190, 193 Runoff control 137 Runoff water 5, 11, 72, 100, 111 Rural areas 46, 164 Salicaceae 161 Salinization 159 Sampling 40, 55, 162 Seasonal fluctuations 65 Seasonal variation 68 Sediment 5, 41, 65, 73, 90, 99, 100, 147, 187, 190, 193 Sediment yield 54, 70, 91, 96, 147 Sedimentation 174 Sediments 174 Seepage 65, 102 Septic tank effluent 164 Sewage effluent 157 Shellfish 107, 109 Silt loam soils 73 Silviculture 50 Simulation 102 Simulation models 23, 26, 31, 52, 54, 70, 88, 93, 96, 99, 105, 114, 123, 140, 147, 165, 166, 167, 169, 177, 187 Site class assessment 186 Site factors 3, 186 Social costs 79 Soil and water conservation 174 Soil chemistry 92 Soil conservation 31, 41, 84, 177, 190 Soil depth 125 Soil fertility 87 Soil management 87 Soil parent materials 168 Soil pollution 120, 177 Soil properties 76, 128 Soil surveys 168 Soil testing 33 Soil texture 168 Soil types 31, 168 Soil types (ecological) 98 Soil water content 102 Soil water movement 5 Soils 136 Solanum tuberosum 121 Solutes 125 Sorghum bicolor 193 Sources 2, 32, 42, 46, 89, 91, 109, 111, 129, 159, 178, 182, 196 South Africa 129, 159 South central states of U.S.A. 30 South eastern states of U.S.A. 30 Southern plains states of U.S.A. 176 Soybeans 137 Spatial distribution 3, 140 Spatial variation 44 State government 63, 83, 85 Statistical analysis 93 Stochastic models 75 Stochastic programming 75 Storms 11, 127 Stream flow 49 Streams 41, 57, 85, 126 Streptococcus 164 Strip cropping 161 Subsurface application 73 Subsurface drainage 77 Surface water 65, 73, 93, 98, 119, 125, 142, 176, 193 Surveys 30 Sustainability 21, 84, 138, 161, 173 Sustainable agriculture 7 Taiwan 147 Taxes 151, 158 Teaching 177 Technical aid 178 Technology transfer 51 Temporal variation 44, 127 Terrain 180 Texas 164, 169 Thematic mapper 23 Tile drainage 121 Tillage 70, 73, 74, 137, 167, 193 Topography 130, 187 Topsoil 168 Toxicity 183 Trading 133 Transboundary pollution 103 Transport processes 55, 102, 123, 125, 131, 147, 193 Treatment 42 Trends 99, 127, 138 Trout 85 U.S.A. 8, 42, 56, 57, 78, 79, 83, 91, 102, 108, 111, 132, 133, 138, 154, 178, 194 Uncertainty 133 Upland areas 174 Urban areas 119 Urban runoff 18, 60 Usda 85 Use efficiency 173 Uttar pradesh 17 Variation 49, 127 Vertical movement 68 Virginia 33, 52, 58, 62, 65, 73, 75, 137, 157 Volunteers 51 Washington 186 Waste treatment 190 Waste utilization 145 Waste water 72 Water 4, 18, 24, 29, 60, 67, 81, 101, 113, 116, 117, 118, 144, 146, 153, 156, 181, 185, 189 Water budget 43 Water composition and quality 30, 50, 137 Water conservation 84, 190 Water districts 141 Water erosion 111 Water flow 64, 123 Water management 36, 86, 135, 139, 154, 184 Water policy 48, 176 Water pollution 2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 13, 17, 21, 23, 28, 32, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 44, 48, 50, 51, 57, 61, 64, 65, 69, 73, 74, 77, 79, 82, 83, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 98, 107, 108, 109, 111, 112, 114, 119, 120, 121, 126, 127, 129, 131, 132, 137, 138, 142, 152, 157, 163, 164, 167, 170, 176, 178, 182, 183, 186, 190, 193, 194, 196 Water purification 17 Water quality 5, 6, 9, 10, 19, 20, 23, 25, 32, 33, 38, 42, 44, 45, 48, 49, 51, 56, 57, 58, 59, 62, 63, 65, 72, 78, 81, 82, 83, 90, 92, 93, 95, 96, 99, 104, 110, 115, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 124, 127, 133, 135, 138, 139, 143, 144, 154, 161, 165, 167, 170, 175, 176, 180, 184, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193 Water quality bioassay 16 Water quality management 1, 16, 29, 60, 97, 113, 117, 134, 136, 179, 181, 188, 195 Water resources 119, 120, 139, 142 Water resources development 141 Water, Underground 27, 113, 116, 141, 148, 156 Water-supply, Rural 144 Watershed management 9, 19, 82, 85, 87, 99, 104, 110, 118, 149, 153, 185 Watersheds 8, 20, 22, 23, 31, 35, 38, 42, 46, 49, 61, 70, 96, 99, 111, 112, 115, 124, 127, 130, 137, 147, 164, 169, 171, 174, 187, 193 Weather 99 Wells 27, 106, 162 Western australia 19 Wetland conservation 29 Wetlands 60, 95, 99 Wheat 137 Wisconsin 139 Working plans 85 Yields 73 Zea mays 52, 114 Zoonoses 107
