Compiled By:
Karl Schneider
Reference Section, Reference and User Services Branch
National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture
Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351
| SET | DESCRIPTION |
| 1 | SS SH=(F1 OR L1 OR K1) OR (PLANT? OR CROP? OR FOREST?
OR TREE?)/TI,DE,ID,SH (S) (PRODUC? OR YIELD? OR PROFIT? OR HARVEST? OR GROW?)/TI,DE,ID,SH |
| 2 | SS ENDOMYCOR? OR ECTOMYCOR? OR MYCORRHIZ? OR MYCORHIZ?
OR PISOLITHUS OR THELEPHORA OR CENOCOCCUM OR SCLERODERMA OR RHIZOPOGON OR SUILLUS OR LACCARIA OR
VESICULAR(W)ARBUSCULAR OR GIGASPORA OR GLOMUS OR PHYTOMYCETUS OR ENDOPHYT? |
| 3 | C14*33 |
| 4 | SS S34 AND UD=8906:9999 |
1 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C Allelopathic effects by Empetrum hermaphroditum on development and nitrogen uptake by roots and mycorrhizae of Pinus silvestris. Nilsson, M.C.; Hogberg, P.; Zackrisson, O.; Fengyou, W. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1993 Apr. Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 71 (4): p. 620-628; 1993 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Empetrum; Pinus sylvestris; Paxillus involutus; Allelopathy; Plant extracts; Nitrogen; Nutrient uptake; Roots; Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Dry matter accumulation; Root tips; Seedling growth; Root shoot ratio 2 NAL Call. No.: QL750.A6 Amount and diurnal distribution of grazing time by stockercattle under different tall fescue management strategies. Coffey, K.P.; Moyer, J.L.; Brazle, F.K.; Lomas, L.W. Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V.; 1992 May. Applied animal behaviour science v. 33 (2/3): p. 121-135; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Cattle; Grazing behavior; Duration; Diurnal activity; Festuca arundinacea; Grassland management; Endophytes; Trifolium repens; Oxytetracycline; Controlled grazing; Rotational grazing; Grazing systems 3 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A46 Annual changes in seasonal production of hypogeous sporocarps in Oregon Douglas-fir forests. Luoma, D.L. Portland, Or. : The Station; 1991 May. USDA Forest Service general technical report PNW-GTR - Pacific Northwest Research Station (285): p. 83-89; 1991 May. In the series analytic: Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests / edited by L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, A.B. Carey, et al. Proceedings of a symposium on "Old-Growth Douglas-Fir Forests: Wildlife Communities and Habitat Relationships," March 29-31, 1989, Portland, Oregon. Language: English Descriptors: Oregon; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Ectomycorrhizas; Biomass production; Seasonal variation 4 NAL Call. No.: 450 P5622 Antifungal antibiotics from Pisolithus tinctorius. Tsantrizos, Y.S.; Kope, H.H.; Fortin, J.A.; Ogilvie, K.K. Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1991. Phytochemistry v. 30 (4): p. 1113-1118; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pisolithus tinctorius; Metabolites; Chemical composition; Antibiotics; Antifungal agents; Spectral analysis Abstract: The antibiotic compounds p-hydroxybenzoylformic acid [2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxoethanoic acid, pisolithin A] and (R)-(-)-p-hydroxymandelic acid [(R)-(-)-2-(4'- hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanoic acid, pisolithin B] were isolated from the growth culture of Pisolithus tinctorius. Both of these metabolites, and a few structurally related compounds, were shown to inhibit spore germination and cause hyphal lysis to a significant number of phytopathogenic and dermatogenic fungi. Hence, it was concluded that P. tinctorius aids its host plants by providing protection against disease-causing microorganisms. 5 NAL Call. No.: SB451.34.V8V57 Asparagus from seed or crown. Silva, E.M. Blacksburg, Va. : Extension Division, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; 1992 Feb. The Virginia gardener v. 11 (2): p. 3; 1992 Feb. Language: English Descriptors: Virginia; Asparagus officinalis; Seeds; Planting; Seedlings; Transplanting; Mycorrhizal fungi; Seed inoculation; Mulching; Irrigation; Planting depth; Harvesting 6 NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9 The bacteria associated with Laccaria laccata ectomycorrhizas or sporocarps: effect on symbiosis establishment on Douglas fir. Garbaye, J.; Duponnois, R.; Wahl, J.I. Philadelphia, Pa. : Balaban Publishers; 1990. Symbiosis v. 9 (1/3): p. 267-273; 1990. Paper presented at the "International Conference on the Mechanisms of the Relationship Between Soil-Plant-Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere," Sept 28-29, 1989, Montpellier, France. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pseudotsuga menziesii; Seedlings; Laccaria laccata; Bacteria; Mycorrhizas; Infections; Symbiosis; Container grown plants 7 NAL Call. No.: 105.8 G36 1990 [no.3] Beimpfung von Klee mit VA-Mykorrhiza und Rhizobium zur Ertrags- und Qualitatssteigerung [Inoculation of clover with VA- mycorrhiza and Rhizobium for increased yield and quality]. Leopold, Heinrich Jochen Giessen : [s.n.],; 1990. vi, 155 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-122). Language: German 8 NAL Call. No.: S596.7.D4 Benefit and cost analysis and phosphorus efficiency of VA mycorrhizal fungi colonizations with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes grown at varied phosphorus levels. Raju, P.S.; Clark, R.B.; Ellis, J.R.; Duncan, R.R.; Maranville, J.W. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1990. Developments in plant and soil sciences v. 41: p. 165-170; 1990. In the series analytic: Plant nutrition--physiology and applications / edited by M.L. Van Beusichen. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Plant Nutrition Colloquium, July 30-Aug 4, 1989, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sorghum bicolor; Glomus fasciculatum; Symbiosis; Phosphorus; Carbon; Plant nutrition; Genotype nutrition interaction; Mineral deficiencies; Nutrient uptake; Ratios; Shoots; Dry matter; Yields 9 NAL Call. No.: SD397.P55I58 1985 Benefits and application of ectomycorrhizae in southern forest tree nurseries. Cordell, C.E.; Marx, D.H. Auburn, Ala.? : Orders, Dept. of Research Information, Auburn University, [1986?]; 1986. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nursery Management Practices for the Southern Pines, Montgomery, Alabama, August 4-9, 1985 / edited by David B. South. p. 244-250. ill; 1986. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest nurseries; Container grown plants; Ectomycorrhizae; Pisolithus tinctorius; Inoculation; Afforestation; Land reclamation; Forestry machinery 10 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C Biomass increase and associative nitrogen fixation of mycorrhizal Pinus contorta seedlings inoculated with a plant growth promoting Bacillus strain. Chanway, C.P.; Holl, F.B. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Mar. Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69 (3): p. 507-511. ill; 1991 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: British Columbia; Pinus contorta; Bacillus; Nitrogen fixing bacteria; Mycorrhizas; Deuteromycotina; Seedlings; Nitrogen fixation; Symbiosis; Biomass production; Growth promoters 11 NAL Call. No.: QR53.B56 Biotreatment of pulp mill bleachery effluents with the coelomycetous fungus Stagonospora gigaspora. Bergbauer, M.; Eggert, C.; Kalnowski, G. Middlesex : Science and Technology Letters; 1992 Apr. Biotechnology letters v. 14 (4): p. 317-322; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pulp mill effluent; Bleaching; Stagonospora; Lignin; Waste water treatment; Biological treatment; Microbial degradation; Toxicity Abstract: The coelomycete Stagonospora gigaspora degrades lignin derivatives within pulp mill bleachery effluents. Besides dechlorination, 90% of the color was removed from CEH bleachery effluents. Lignin derivatives in the effluents of the EOP bleaching stages revealed more persistent against fungal attack. Toxicity of both effluents was diminished significantly by S. gigaspora. 12 NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48 Black polyethylene mulch improves growth of plantation-grown loblolly pine and yellow-poplar. Walker, R.F.; McLaughlin, S.B. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Sep. New forests v. 3 (3): p. 265-274; 1989 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Liriodendron tulipifera; Mulching; Polyethylene film; Urea; Pisolithus tinctorius; Glomus mosseae; Glomus fasciculatum; Immunization; Intensive silviculture 13 NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67 Boron and ectomycorrhizal influences on mineral nutrition of container-grown Pinus ehinata Mill. Mitchell, R.J.; Garrett, H.E.; Cox, G.S.; Atalay, A. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1990. Journal of plant nutrition v. 13 (12): p. 1555-1574; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus echinata; Pisolithus tinctorius; Ectomycorrhizas; Boron fertilizers; Nutrient uptake; Mineral content; Pine needles; Seedlings; Roots; Infections; Soil inoculation; Container grown plants; Nutrient content Abstract: Boron fertilization and inoculation with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch increased foliar and total seedling nutrient content of boron, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese and phosphorus in shortleaf pine seedlings (Pinus echinata Mill.). Noninoculated seedlings fertilized with boron showed no increase in nutrient content other than B. The increase in nutrient content of inoculated seedlings fertilized with boron was correlated with increased mycorrhizal infection. Boron fertilization may affect indirectly the mineral nutrition of tree seedlings by increasing mycorrhizal fungi colonization of their roots. 14 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Can plant productivity be increased by inoculation of tree roots with soil microorganisms?. Torrey, J.G. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Dec. Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de recherche forestiere v. 22 (12): p. 1815-1823; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Symbionts; Soil inoculation; Rhizobium; Bradyrhizobium; Frankia; Ectomycorrhizas; Forest trees Abstract: Fostering symbiotic associations between appropriate soil microorganisms and their compatible hosts lies within the management capabilities of agriculturalists and foresters. Using knowledge of the fundamental scientific bases for these associations, one can facilitate the development of beneficial symbioses by inoculation of seeds, seedlings, or growing plants with selected microorganisms to establish and perpetuate effective symbioses leading to increased productivity. Of particular interest to the forester are four major groups of symbiotic associations: Rhizobium or Bradyrhizobium--leguminous trees; Frankia--actinorhizal plants, ectomycorrhizae--host trees; and endomycorrhizae--host trees, including vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. Summarized here are the isolation, characterization, and culture of the microbial symbionts; the demonstrated specificity for infection and effectivity for facilitating nutrient uptake in each case; and the development of the technology for field inoculation to achieve effective symbioses in forest plantations. The factors involved in successful inoculation procedures are reviewed, and recommendations are made as to some of the necessary steps to further the development of this biotechnology.
15 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Comparative effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and phosphorus fertilization on growth and phosphorus uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) plants under drought-stressed conditions. Osonubi, O. Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-; 1994. Biology and fertility of soils v. 18 (1): p. 55-59; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Zea mays; Sorghum bicolor; Growth; Nutrient uptake; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Phosphorus fertilizers; Drought; Leaf area; Shoots; Xylem; Soil water potential; Roots; Length 16 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59 A comparison of foliar insect populations on endophyte-free and endophyte-infected tall fescue varieties. Keele, V.D.; Arne, C.N.; Becker, S.A.; Bailey, W.C. Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991. Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p. 225-228; 1991. Meeting held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia, Missouri. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Missouri; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium coenophialum; Infections; Insect pests; Incidence; Nitrogen fertilizers 17 NAL Call. No.: 448.3 AP5 Comparison of the post-Chernobyl 137Cs contamination of mushrooms from eastern Europe, Sweden, and North America. Smith, M.L.; Taylor, H.W.; Sharma, H.D. Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology; 1993 Jan. Applied and environmental microbiology v. 59 (1): p. 134-139; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sweden; Ontario; Michigan; Russia; Belarus; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Mushrooms; Basidiomycotina; Edible fungi; Cesium; Radionuclides; Fallout; Radioactivity Abstract: A comparison was made of (134)Cs and (137)Cs contamination in fungi from eastern Europe and eastern North America. Mean activities of 25 Ukrainian, 6 Swedish, and 10 North American collections were 4,660, 9,750, and 205 Bq/kg (dry weight), respectively. Additional measurements were made on samples from the Moscow, southern Belarus, and Yugoslavia/Bulgaria regions. Activity values were found to vary by several orders of magnitude within all geographic areas, even for the same mushroom species. Significantly higher specific activities were observed in mycorrhizal species than in saprophytic and parasitic fungi. Unfortunately, many of the European mycorrhizal species considered as prized edibles contained unacceptably high levels of (> 1,000 Bq/kg [dry weight]) and should be used sparingly as food. By contrast, no mushrooms collected in Ontario or northern Michigan exceeded 1,000 Bq of (137)Cs per kg (dry weight). The excessive (137)Cs contamination was evident in mushrooms from areas that had substantial fallout from the 1986 accident in reactor 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power station. However, observations suggest that about 20% of the (137)Cs in eastern Europe (Moscow area, Belarus, and Ukraine) is of non-Chernobyl origin. 18 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Comparisons of the influence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza on the productivity of hedgerow woody legumes and cassava at the top and the base of a hillslope in alley cropping systems. Atayese, M.O.; Awotoye, O.O.; Osonubi, O.; Mulongoy, K. Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-; 1993. Biology and fertility of soils v. 16 (3): p. 198-204; 1993. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nigeria; Cabt; Manihot esculenta; Legumes; Alley cropping; Glomus mosseae; Hedgerow plants; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Soil fertility; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas 19 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Competition among strains of Bradyrhizobium and vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizae for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) root infection and their effect on plant growth and yield. Nambiar, P.T.C.; Anjaiah, V. Berlin : Springer International; 1989. Biology and fertility of soils v. 8 (4): p. 311-318; 1989. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Andhra pradesh; Arachis hypogaea; Roots; Inoculation; Soil bacteria; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Ammonium nitrate; Potassium fertilizers; Phosphates; Crop yield; Growth 20 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 Competitive outcome among four pasture species in sterilized and unsterilized soils. Turkington, R.; Klein, E. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1991. Soil biology and biochemistry v. 23 (9): p. 837-843; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Dactylis glomerata; Holcus lanatus; Lolium perenne; Trifolium repens; Plant competition; Rhizobium leguminosarum; Soil flora; Microorganisms; Soil sterilization; Pot experimentation; Crop mixtures; Monoculture; Competitive ability; Dry matter accumulation; Weight; Survival; Crop yield; Growth rate; Crop growth stage; Inhibition; Nutrient availability Abstract: Four pasture species (Dactylis glomerata, Holcus lanatus, Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens) were grown in monoculture and in all possible 2-, 3-, and 4-species combinations in pots. One set of pots was filled with sterilized soil in which most soil microorganisms and mycorrhiza had been eliminated, a second set was unsterilized and had an added Rhizobium inoculum. The experiment had four successive destructive harvests. For each plant species, regardless of the identity of its competitors, percentage survival was lowest in unsterilized soils, but the mean weight of survivors was unaffected, except for T. repens which had an increased biomass. In addition, at the first harvest the microorganisms and each of the plant species had a significant effect on the relative growth rates of each of the target plant species but this effect was not continued to the final harvest. It is argued that either (a) in the unsterilized soils microorganisms inhibit germination of some seeds or adversely affect young seedlings, and that they compete with growing plants for limited resources, (b) sterilization eliminates most of the bacteria present and this along with the added Rhizobium inoculum might contribute to the higher survival in sterilized soil, or (c) the nature of sterilization procedure alone increases the availability of essential resources to growing plants. 21 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N6N62 Conservation tillage for forage production. Chamblee, D.S.; Mueller, J.P.; Green, J.T. Raleigh, N.C. : The Service; 1989 Jan. AG - North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, North Carolina State University (407): p. 62-65; 1989 Jan. In series analytic: Conservation Tillage for Crop Production in North Carolina, edited by M.G. Cook and W.M. Lewis. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Tillage; Soil and water conservation; Forage crops; Establishment; Insect control; Endophytes; Fungus control; Pasture management 22 NAL Call. No.: 1 Ag84Ah no.674 The Container tree nursery manual.. Container nursery planning, development and management Containers and growing media Container nursery environment Seedling nutrition and irrigation Biological influences: nursery pests and mycorrhizae Seedling propagation Seedling processing, storage, and outplanting Landis, Thomas D. United States, Forest Service Washington, DC : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service : [Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., distributor, 1989-]; 1989-9999. 7 v. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. (Agriculture handbook (United States. Dept. of Agriculture) ; 674.). April 1989. Includes bibliographies and index. Language: English Descriptors: Container gardening; Trees 23 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Control of pathogenic mycorrhizal fungi in maintenance of soil productivity by crop rotation. Hendrix, J.W.; Jones, K.J.; Mesmith, W.C. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1992 Jul. Journal of production agriculture v. 5 (3): p. 383-386; 1992 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Kentucky; Nicotiana tabacum; Festuca arundinacea; Glomus macrocarpum; Plant pathogenic fungi; Soil fumigation; Rotations; Continuous cropping; Disease prevalence; Incidence; Colonization; Roots; Population density 24 NAL Call. No.: SF191.G4 Cool season perennial grass varieties in north and central Georgia. Hoveland, C.S.; Bouton, J.H. Macon, Ga. : Georgia Cattlemen's Association; 1990 Aug. Georgia cattleman v. 18 (8): p. 18; 1990 Aug. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca; Endophytes; Lolium perenne 25 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 Correlation between basidiomata production and ectomycorrhizal formation in Pinus patula plantations. Natarajan, K.; Mohan, V.; Ingleby, K. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1992 Mar. Soil biology and biochemistry v. 24 (3): p. 279-280; 1992 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus patula; Plantations; Age of trees; Ectomycorrhizas; Plant succession; Soil fungi; Thelephora terrestris; Amanita muscaria; Sclerodermatales; Tricholoma; Russula; Species; Laccaria laccata; Rhizopogon luteolus; Suillus; Lycoperdon; Cenococcum graniforme; Population distribution; Fruiting; Biological production 26 NAL Call. No.: S601.D4 Correlation between root morphogenesis, VA mycorrhizal infection and phosphorus nutrition. Trotta, A.; Carminati, C.; Schellenbaum, L.; Scannerini, S.; Fusconi, A.; Berta, G. Amsterdam : Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company; 1991. Developments in agricultural and managed-forest ecology v. 24: p. 333-339; 1991. In the series analytic: Plant roots and their environment / edited by B.L. McMichael and H. Persson. Proceedings of an ISRR symposium, August 21-26, 1988, Uppsala, Sweden. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Allium porrum; Roots; Morphogenesis; Growth; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Glomus; Plant nutrition; Phosphorus; Nutrient requirements Abstract: The effects of phosphorus (P) applications combined with a Glomus species strain E3 infection on the growth and root development in leeks (Allium porrum L.) grown in sand culture were studied. Infected roots were more branched compared with controls at low P levels. The plants also had greater fresh weights and total root lengths, shorter and more numerous adventitious roots, as well as more secondary roots per centimetre of adventitious root. Progressive P additions did not markedly influence the level of root infection by the fungus in mycorrhizal plants and induced the same root developmental pattern in controls, leading to the disappearance of differences between mycorrhizal and control plants at higher P levels. It may be argued that, in our system, the fungal influence on root architecture is mediated by nutritional effects. 27 NAL Call. No.: QK867.J67 Costs and benefits of constructing roots of small diameter. Eissenstat, D.M. New York, N.Y. : Marcel Dekker; 1992. Journal of plant nutrition v. 15 (6/7): p. 763-782; 1992. Paper presented at the "Workshop on Root Distribution, and Chemistry and Biology of the Root-Soil Interface", January 9-11, 1990, Ithaca, New York. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Plants; Crops; Roots; Length; Diameter; Biomass; Growth rate; Nutrient uptake; Water uptake; Root systems; Mycorrhizas; Respiration Abstract: Roots represent a considerable carbon cost for plants. Furthermore, plants vary considerably in how carbon is expended for belowground processes. One attribute that varies widely among species is the investment of root biomass in the production of root length. Relatively thin roots have a high specific root length (SRL) or length:dry weight ratio. Since water and nutrient uptake is based more upon root length than mass, one might conclude that species of high SRL invest their root biomass more efficiently than species of low SRL. This, however, ignores many other functional attributes of roots that may permit coarse lateral roots to be more adaptive than fine lateral roots under certain environmental conditions. In leaves, studies on the relationship of structure and function suggest that evergreen plants with greater leaf longevity commonly have thicker leaves, lower photosynthetic capacity, and lower respiration rates than deciduous plants. These kinds of relationships may also be true for thick roots (low SRL). Limited evidence suggests that species of high SRL tend to have greater plasticity in root growth, greater physiological capacity for water and nutrient uptake, but less root longevity and less mycorrhizal dependency than species of low SRL. More study is needed before the physiological traits associated with variation in length-biomass ratio are understood. 28 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3 Cropping systems on mycorrhizal colonization, early growth, and phosphorus uptake of corn. Vivekanandan, M.; Fixen, P.E. Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1991 Jan. Soil Science Society of America journal v. 55 (1): p. 136-140; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South Dakota; Zea mays; Glycine max; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Roots; Infection; Nutrient uptake; Phosphorus; Growth rate; Crop growth stage; Rotations; Fallow systems; Continuous cropping; Plowing; Ridging Abstract: A field study was established in 1986 on a Viborg silty clay loam (fine-silty, mixed, mesic Pachic Haplustoll) soil in eastern South Dakota. The objectives were to quantify the influence of crop rotation, tillage, and residual P (254 kg P ha-1 applied in fall 1985) on the incidence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) of corn (Zea mays L.) and to define the relationship between VAM colonization, early growth response to P, and early P uptake of corn. Plant and root samples were collected periodically from plots that varied in tillage and previous crop. Crop rotation and tillage influenced the early growth and P uptake of corn. Large differences in early growth response to P were observed among cropping systems. Average relative growth response as compared with the check during both years ranged from 360% for the moldboard (MP) corn-fallow rotation to 7% for the ridge-plant (RP) corn-soybean (Glycine max [L].) Merr.) rotation. Early dry-matter production and P uptake in the check plots were highest in the RP corn-soybean system and lowest in the MP corn-fallow system. Generally, VAM colonization rates were significantly higher (P less than or equal to 0.10) in the RP systems than in the MP systems. Considerable reduction in VAM colonization rates were found with P fertilization (P less than or equal to 0.01) in all cropping systems. An inverse relationship was measured between VAM colonization and relative early growth response to P (Y = 647.0 - 49.4X + 0.97X2; R2 = 0.92; Y = growth response in percent, X = percent root length colonized). Considering early dry-matter production, P uptake, and mycorrhizal association the RP corn- soybean system appears to provide a good environment for P nutrition of corn during early vegetative growth. 29 NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82 Cultural control of basidiome formation in Laccaria bicolor with container-grown white pine seedlings. Godbout, C.; Fortin, J.A. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Dec. Mycological research v. 94 (pt.8): p. 1051-1058. ill; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Pinus strobus; Picea glauca; Pinus taeda; Laccaria; Ectomycorrhizas; Plant development; Developmental stages; Temperature; Photoperiod; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus fertilizers; Dry matter accumulation; Seedlings; Container grown plants
30 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59 Cutting management of endophyte-free tall fescue. Hoveland, C.S.; Durham, R.G.; Richardson, M.D.; Terrill, T.H. Belleville, Pa. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1990. Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p. 125-128; 1990. Paper presented at the "Forage and Grassland Conference," June 6-9, 1990, Blacksburg, Virginia. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Georgia; Festuca arundinacea; Cutting; Grazing; Harvesting; Survival; Plant pathogenic fungi 31 NAL Call. No.: 442.8 L77 Cytotoxic activity of tetraprenylphenols related to suillin, an antitumor principle from Suillus granulatus. Geraci, C.; Piatelli, M.; Tringali, C.; Verbist, J.F.; Roussakis, C. Downers Grove, Ill.: American Society of Pharmacognosy; 1992 Dec. Journal of natural products v. 55 (12): p. 1772-1775; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Suillus granulatus; Antineoplastic agent; Cytotoxicity; Extracts; Phenols; Structure 32 NAL Call. No.: 23 AU783 Defoliation and moisture streess influence competition between endophyte-free tall fescue and white clover, birdsfoot trefoil and Caucasian clover. Hill, M.J.; Hoveland, C.S. Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization; 1993. Australian journal of agricultural research v. 44 (5): p. 1135-1145; 1993. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Medicago sativa; Phalaris aquatica; Trifolium repens; Defoliation; Leaf water potential; Plant competition; Water stress; Crop yield; Dry matter 33 NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82 Dependence of 3 Nebraska Sandhills warm-season grasses on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. Brejda, J.J.; Yocom, D.H.; Moser, L.E.; Waller, S.S. Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1993 Jan. Journal of range management v. 46 (1): p. 14-20; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Calamovilfa longifolia; Panicum virgatum; Andropogon gerardii; Glomus deserticola; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Symbiosis; Phosphorus; Use efficiency; Recovery; Plant nutrition; Seedlings; Tillering; Revegetation plants; Growth rate; Nutrient uptake Abstract: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) are rare or absent in actively eroding soils of the Sandhills. The objective of this study was to determine if 3 major Sandhills warm- season grasses used in reseeding eroded Sandhills sites are highly mycorrhizal dependent, and evaluate the response of VAM at different phosphorus (P) levels. In 2 greenhouse experiments, sand bluestem [Andropogon gerardii var. paucipilus (Nash) Fern.], switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and prairie sandreed [Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook) Scribn.] were grown in steam-sterilized sand in pots and inoculated with either indigenous Sandhills VAM, Glomus deserticola, or noninoculated. In the second experiment, VAM inoculated and control plants were treated with 5 P levels ranging from 5.4 to 27.0 mg P pot-1. Increasing levels of P fertilizer caused an initial increase, then dramatic decrease, in percentage colonization by Glomus deserticola but bad no effect on percentage colonization by indigenous Sandhills VAM. Mycorrhizal inoculated plants had a greater number of tillers, greater shoot weight, root weight, tissue P concentration and percentage P recovered, and a lower root/shoot ratio and P efficiency than noninoculated plants. Noninoculated sand bluestem had significantly lower shoot P concentration but greater P efficiency over all P levels thin any other grass-VAM treatment combination. Phosphorus fertilizer and VAM effects were often complementary at P levels up to 16.2 to 21.6 mg P pot-1, with no change or a decrease in plant responses at higher P levels. These 3 major Sandhills warm- season grasses were highly mycorrhizal dependent. Successful reestablishment of these on eroded sites in the Sandhills may be greatly improved if soil reinoculation with VAM occurred prior to revegetation. 34 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71 Development of Ectomycorrhizae on container-grown European larch. Rietveld, W.J.; Sharp, R.A.; Kienzler, M.F.; Dixon, R.K. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1989. Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service v. 40 (2): p. 12-17; 1989. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Larix decidua; Laccaria laccata; Mycorrhizal fungi; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Fungicide application; Pesticide action; Fertilizer application; Inoculation 35 NAL Call. No.: aSD12.A13R47 Development of Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhizae on loblolly pine seedlings from spores sprayed at different times and rates. Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E. Asheville, N.C. : The Station; 1990 Apr. Research note SE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station (356): 7 p.; 1990 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Pisolithus tinctorius; Seedlings; Spores; Development; Inoculation; Spraying 36 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71 Dry site survival of bareroot and container seedlings of southern pines from different genetic sources given root dip and ectomycorrhizal treatments. Echols, R.J.; Meier, C.E.; Ezell, A.W.; McKinley, C.R. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990. Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service v. 41 (2): p. 13-21. maps; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Preplanting treatment; Container grown plants; Bare rooted stock; Survival; Ectomycorrhizas 37 NAL Call. No.: QK898.N6N52 Ecological aspects of the actinorhizal plants growing in the basin of Mexico. Cruz-Cisneros, R.; Valdes, M. Bangkok, Thailand : Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research; 1990 Aug. Nitrogen fixing tree research reports v. 8: p. 42-47; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mexico; Forest trees; Leguminosae; Frankia; Symbiosis; Mycorrhizas; Nitrogen fixing trees; Plant communities; Geographical distribution; Flora 38 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 The ecology and functioning of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas in co-existing grassland species. II. Nutrient uptake and growth of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal plants in a semi-natural grassland. Sanders, I.R.; Fitter, A.H. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Apr. The New phytologist v. 120 (4): p. 525-533; 1992 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Plantago lanceolata; Rumex acetosa; Trifolium pratense; Holcus lanatus; Festuca rubra; Lathyrus pratensis; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Grasslands; Nutrient uptake; Growth; Phosphorus; Shoots; Plant composition 39 NAL Call. No.: DISS F1990017 Ecology of mycorrhizal Pinus sylvestris seedlings aspects of colonization and growth. Stenstrom, Elna Uppsala : Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology,; 1990. 407 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Originally presented as the author's thesis (Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1990). Includes bibliographical references. Language: English Descriptors: Scots pine; Seedlings; Ectomycorrhizas 40 NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48 Ectomycorrhixal development on pine by Pisolithus tinctorius in bare-root and container seedling nurseries. I. Efficacy of various vegetative inoculum formulations. Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E.; Maul, S.B.; Ruehle, J.L. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Mar. New forests v. 3 (1): p. 45-56; 1989 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Pinus elliottii; Pinus Virginiana; Seedlings; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius; Ectomycorrhizae; Container grown plants; Carbon; Nitrogen 41 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Ectomycorrhizae and growth of Douglas-fir seedlings preinoculated with Rhizopogon vinicolor and outplanted on eastern Vancouver Island. Berch, S.M.; Roth, A.L. Ottawa, National Research Council of Canada; 1993 Aug. Canadian journal of forest research v. 23 (8): p. 1711-1715; 1993 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: British Columbia; Cabt; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Seedlings; Transplanting; Container grown plants; Root inoculation; Rhizopogon; Colonizing ability; Growth Abstract: Ectomycorrhizal colonization of container-grown Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco (Douglas-fir) inoculated with Rhizopogon vinicolor A.H. Smith was determined after cold storage and after one growing season on a clearcut on eastern Vancouver Island. Inoculated Douglas-fir seedlings were taller than noninoculated controls when outplanted but, perhaps because of browse damage, no growth differences were found after one field season. Rhizopogon vinicolor colonized all of the inoculated but none of the control seedlings examined after cold storage. Volunteer Thelephora terrestris Fr. colonized almost half of the control and 10% of the inoculated seedlings before outplanting. After one field season, inoculated and control seedlings were colonized by 15 ectomycorrhizal fungi each, only eight of which were found on both. Rhizopogon vinicolor persisted on the roots of inoculated plants, but was also present in the field soil since the control seedlings also bore these mycorrhizae after one growing season. The relative abundance of T. terrestris decreased from the nursery to the field. The other common ectomycorrhizae in the field included Mycelium radicis atrovirens Melin, Cenococcum geophilum Fr., and types resembling Tuber and Endogone. 42 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Ectomycorrhizae in reforestation. Kropp, B.R.; Langlois, C.G. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 Apr. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 20 (4): p. 438-451; 1990 Apr. Paper presented at a "Symposium on Advances in Canadian Forest Research," October 3-5, 1988, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada. Literature review. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Afforestation; Mycorrhizas; Inoculation; Seedlings; Cost benefit analysis 43 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Ectomycorrhizae of Douglas-fir and western hemlock seedlings outplanted on eastern Vancouver Island. Roth, A.L.; Berch, S.M. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Nov. Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de recherche forestiere v. 22 (11): p. 1646-1655; 1992 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: British Columbia; Pseudotsuga menziesii; Tsuga heterophylla; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Transplanting; Ectomycorrhizas; Thelephora terrestris; Rhizopogon; Cenococcum geophilum; Colonizing ability; Growth Abstract: Ectomycorrhizal colonization of container-grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was determined in a container nursery near Nanaimo, British Columbia, and after one growing season under a range of field conditions on eastern Vancouver Island. The percentage of Douglas-fir and western hemlock short roots colonized by ectomycorrhizal fungi in the nursery was highly variable, but over 99% of the ectomycorrhizae were formed by Thelephora terrestris Ehrh.:Fr. Between 72 and 93% of the new roots were ectomycorrhizal after one field season, and Thelephora terrestris remained the dominant fungus in most cases. Rhizopogon vinicolor like ectomycorrhizae were also common on new roots of Douglas-fir. Cenococcum geophilum Fr. was less common. Douglas-fir seedlings formed 33 morphologically distinct ectomycorrhizae on eight sites within one growing season in the field. Western hemlock formed nine types on a single site. 44 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Ectomycorrhizal activity and conifer growth interactions in western-montane forest soils. Harvey, A.E.; Page-Dumroese, D.S.; Graham, R.T.; Jurgensen, M.F. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1991 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (280): p. 110-117; 1991 Aug. Proceedings of a meeting on "Management and Productivity of Western Montane Forest Soils," April 10-12, 1990, Boise, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Forest soils; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth; Forest trees; Conifers; Site preparation
45 NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48 Ectomycorrhizal development on pine by Pisolithus tinctorius in bare-root and container seedling nurseries. II. Efficacy of various vegetative and spore inocula. Marx, D.H.; Cordell, C.E.; Maul, S.B.; Ruehle, J.L. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Mar. New forests v. 3 (1): p. 57-66; 1989 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Pinus Virginiana; Pinus clausa; Seedlings; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius; Container grown plants; Ectomycorrhizae; Spores 46 NAL Call. No.: 99.9 SO82 An ectomycorrhizal fungus of pine seedlings in an eastern transvaal nursery. Van Greuning, J.V.; Van der Westhuizen, G.C.A. Pretoria : South African Forestry Association; 1990 Dec. South African forestry journal (155): p. 1-4; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus patula; Pinus elliottii; Seedlings; Mycorrhizas; Thelephora terrestris; Plant morphology 47 NAL Call. No.: SD388.W6 Ectomycorrhizal inoculation fails to improve performance of Sitka spruce seedlings on clearcuts on southeastern Alaska. Loopstra, E.M.; Shaw, C.G. III; Sidle, R.C. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1988 Oct. Western journal of applied forestry v. 3 (4): p. 110-112; 1988 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alaska; Picea sitchensis; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Inoculation; Ectomycorrhizae; Laccaria laccata; Cenococcum; Transplanting 48 NAL Call. No.: 102.5 P413 Efectos de fungicidas sistemicos sobre la viabilidad del hongo endofito (Acremonium ceonophialum, Morgan-Jones y Gams) en semilla de festuca (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) [Effects of systemic fungicides on the viability of the endophyte fungus (Acremonium coenophialum) in seed of fescue (Festuca arundinacea)]. Maddaloni, J.; Sala, M.; Carletti, S.; Marquez, R. Pergamino : La Estacion; 1989 Mar. Informe tecnico - Estacion Experimental Regional Agropecuaria, Pergamino (225): 10 p.; 1989 Mar. Includes references. Language: Spanish Descriptors: Argentina; Festuca arundinacea; Seed germination; Seed pathology; Seed storage; Contamination; Infection; Acremonium; Systemic action; Viability 49 NAL Call. No.: SB13.A27 Effect of an ectomycorrhizal fungus on fruit tree micropropagation. Baraldi, R.; Branzanti, B. Firenze, Italy : Department of Horticulture, University of Florence; 1988. Advances in horticultural science v. 2 (2): p. 75; 1988. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pyrus; Micropropagation; Shoot tip culture; Shoot cuttings; Culture media; Iba; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi; Hebeloma; Rooting capacity 50 NAL Call. No.: SD388.W6 Effect of controlled-release fertilizers on growth and mycorrhizae in container-grown Engelmann spruce. Hunt, G.A. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1989 Oct. Western journal of applied forestry v. 4 (4): p. 129-131; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Picea engelmannii; Container grown plants; Seedlings; Npk fertilizers; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth; Colonizing ability 51 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 Effect of degree of soil disturbance on mycorrhizal colonization and phosphorus absorption by maize in growth chamber and field experiments. McGonigle, T.P.; Evans, D.G.; Miller, M.H. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Dec. The New phytologist v. 116 (4): p. 629-636; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Zea mays; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Inorganic phosphorus; Nutrient uptake; Phosphorus fertilizers; Roots; Infection; Mycelium; Shoots; Nutrient content; Dry matter accumulation; Crop yield; Disturbed soils; Tillage; Conservation tillage; Growth chambers; Field experimentation 52 NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82 Effect of endomycorrhizal inoculation during propagation on growth following transplanting of Cornus sericea cuttings and seedlings. Verkade, S.D.; Elson, L.C.; Hamilton, D.F. Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1988 Sep. Acta horticulturae (227): p. 248-250; 1988 Sep. In the series analytic: Vegetative propagation of woody species / edited by F. Loreti. Proceedings of an International Symposium, September 3-5, 1987, Pisa, Italy. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Cornus sericea; Cuttings; Seedlings; Inoculation; Glomus fasciculatus; Glomus macrocarpus; Mycorrhizal fungi; Growth rate; Transplants; Plant propagation 53 NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82 Effect of ericoid mycorrhizae isolates on growth and development of lowbush blueberry tissue culture plantlets. Smagula, J.M.; Litten, W. Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1989 May. Acta horticulturae (241): p. 110-114; 1989 May. In the series analytics: Vaccinium Culture / edited by E.J. Stang. Papers presented at the Fourth International Symposium, August 13-17, 1988, East Lansing, Michigan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Vaccinium angustifolium; Tissue culture; Plants; Inoculation; Mycorrhizal fungi; Plant height; Branching; Nitrogen content 54 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Effect of fertilization on seedling growth, ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, and nutrient uptake in Larix laricina. Chakravarty, P.; Chatarpaul, L. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 Feb. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 20 (2): p. 245-248; 1990 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Larix laricina; Seedlings; Fertilizers; Container grown plants; Ectomycorrhizae; Nutrient contents of plants; Laccaria laccata 55 NAL Call. No.: QK1.A28 Effect of fuel burning on VA mycorrhizal fungi and their influence on the growth of early plant colonizing species. Deka, H.K.; Mishra, R.R.; Sharma, G.D. Meerut, India : Society for Advancement of Botany; 1990 Dec. Acta botanica Indica v. 18 (2): p. 184-189; 1990 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: India; Forest trees; Soil fungi; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Fire effects; Symbiosis; Seasonal variation 56 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Effect of fungicides on three vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Dodd, J.C.; Jeffries, P. Berlin : Springer International; 1989. Biology and fertility of soils v. 7 (2): p. 120-128; 1989. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: England; Fungicides; Pesticide action; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Glomus; Soil fungi; Spore germination; Triticum aestivum; Crop yield 57 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 The effect of fungicides on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. I. The effects on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth. Sukarno, N.; Smith, S.E.; Scott, E.S. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1993 Sep. The New phytologist v. 125 (1): p. 139-147; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Allium cepa; Fungicides; Glomus; Growth; Nitrogen fixation; Plant development; Soil fungi; Symbiosis; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas 58 NAL Call. No.: 23 Au783 The effect of inoculation of cashew with NutriLink on vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection and plant growth. Haugen, L.M.; Smith, S.E. Melbourne : Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, 1950-; 1993. Australian journal of agricultural research v. 44 (6): p. 1211-1220; 1993. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Western australia; Cabt; Anacardium occidentale; Seedlings; Soil inoculation; Glomus intraradices; Formulations; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Triple superphosphate; Soil ph; Plant analysis; Potting; Cotyledons; Growth; Potassium; Leaves; Roots; Lime; Nurseries 59 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and soil restoration on the growth of Pinus halepensis seedlings in a semiarid soil. Roldan, A.; Albaladejo, J. Berlin ; a Secaucus, N.J. : Springer International, 1985-; 1994. Biology and fertility of soils v. 18 (2): p. 143-149; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Spain; Cabt; Pinus halepensis; Seedlings; Mycorrhizal fungi; Pisolithus tinctorius; Seed inoculation; Refuse; Soil amendments; Application rates; Establishment; Growth rate; Plant height; Shoots; Weight; Roots; Nutrients; Root tips; Colonization
60 NAL Call. No.: 100 K41PR Effect of nitrogen fertilization of KY-31 endophyte infected tall fescue on toxicity and digestibility in dairy calves. Sorgho, Z.; Jackson, J.A. Jr; Hemken, R.W.; Harmon, R.J. Lexington, Ky. : The Station; 1986 Jun. Progress report - Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station (297): 7 p.; 1986 Jun. Documents available from Agriculture Library, Agricultural Science Center-North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091. In the series analytic: 1986 dairy research report. Includes statistical data. Language: English Descriptors: Dairy cattle; Calves; Feeding; Festuca arundinacea; Poisonous plants 61 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71 Effect of nursery-produced endomycorrhizal inoculum on growth of redwood seedlings in fumigated soil. Adams, D.; Tidwell, T.; Ritchey, J.; Wells, H. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990. Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service v. 41 (3): p. 7-11; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sequoia sempervirens; Endomycorrhizas; Inoculum; Soil fumigation; Seedlings; Growth rate; Glomus mosseae; Planting stock 62 NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82 The effect of paclobutrazol on the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of alemow, Citrus macrophylla Wester, rootstocks. Michelini, S.; Chinnery, L.E.; Thomas, J.P. Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1989 Jul. Acta horticulturae (239): p. 427-430; 1989 Jul. Paper presented at the "Sixth International Symposium on Growth Regulators in Fruit Production," July 25-29, 1988, Penticton, B.C., Canada. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Citrus macrophylla; Rootstocks; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Container grown plants; Infection; Paclobutrazol; Treatment; Fungicidal properties 63 NAL Call. No.: QK475.T74 The effect of Paxillus involutus Fr. on aluminum sensitivity of Norway spruce seedlings. Hentschel, E.; Godbold, D.L.; Marschner, P.; Schlegel, H.; Jentschke, G. Victoria [B.C.] Canada : Heron Pub.,; 1993 Jun. Tree physiology v. 12 (4): p. 379-390; 1993 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Picea abies; Seedlings; Aluminum; Phytotoxicity; Paxillus involutus; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi; Shoots; Roots; Growth inhibitors; Ion uptake; Magnesium; Calcium; Plant composition; Chlorophyll; Nutrient uptake; Mineral nutrition; Conifer needles; Chlorosis; Net assimilation rate; Photosynthesis; Acid soils Abstract: Non-mycorrhizal Norway spruce seedlings (Picea abies Karst.) and Norway spruce seedlings colonized with Pavillus involustus Fr. were grown in an axenic silica sand culture system. After successful mycorrhizal colonization, the seedlings were exposed to 200 or 800 micrometer A1Cl3, for 10 weeks. In both non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal seedlings, exposure to Al significantly reduced root growth and the uptake of Mg and Ca. After 5 weeks of exposure to 800 micrometer Al, the mycorrhizal seedlings had significantly higher chlorophyll concentrations than the non-mycorrhizal seedlings, although no difference in Mg nutrition was apparent. After 10 weeks of exposure to Al, both non- mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal seedlings exhibited needle chlorosis and reduced photosynthetic activity. However, the aluminum-induced reduction in shoot growth was largely ameliorated by colonization with P. involutus. We conclude that mycorrhizal colonization modifies the phytotoxic effects of Al in Norway spruce seedlings. However, differences in physiological responses to Al between mycorrhizal and non- mycorrhizal seedlings may be largely reduced in the long term as a result of impaired mineral nutrient uptake. 64 NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9 The effect of pH on production of plant growth regulators by mycorrhizal fungi. Strzelczyk, E.; Pokojska, A.; Kampert, M. Rehovot, Israel : Balaban Publishers; 1993. Symbiosis v. 14 (1/3): p. 201-215; 1993. Paper presented at the "International Symbiosis Congress," November 17-22, 1991, Jerusalem, Israel. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Suillus; Hebeloma crustuliniforme; Hebeloma; Cenococcum graniforme; Pisolithus tinctorius; Mycorrhizal fungi; Ectomycorrhizas; Iaa; Gibberellins; Cytokinins; Biosynthesis; Ph 65 NAL Call. No.: 80 AC82 Effect of phosophorus fertilization upon soil P content and P uptake by highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Scibisz, K.; Pliszka, K.; Czesnik, E.; Rojek, H. Wageningen : International Society for Horticultural Science; 1990 May. Acta horticulturae (274): p. 471-479; 1990 May. Paper presented at the "International Symposium on Diagnosis of Nutritional Status of Deciduous Fruit Orchards," August 25-28, 1989, Warsaw, Poland. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Poland; Vaccinium corymbosum; Phosphorus fertilizers; Soil analysis; Foliar diagnosis; Yield response functions Abstract: During four consecutive years, in a field trial on 'Bluecrop' highbush blueberry planted in a podzolic sandy soil effects of three factors have been studied: (1) P fertilization vs P-O, (2) NKMg applications vs nil NKMg, (3) pine bark mulching versus clean cultivation. Phosphorus fertilization resulted in an increase of soil P and of foliar P content but had no influence on leaf and soil N, K, Mg level, vegetative growth or yield. Neither P nor NKMg fertilization had any effect on the mycorrhizal infection level-as described by the methods used. Mulching decreased the differences in soil and plant mineral content between fertilized and non-fertilized plots, also highly influenced yield and growth performance. 66 NAL Call. No.: 60.19 B773 Effect of ryegrass endophyte in mixed swards of perennial ryegrass and white clover under two levels or irrigation and pesticide treatment. Lewis, G.C. Oxford : Blackwell Scientific Publications,; 1992 Sep. Grass and forage science : the journal of the British Grassland Society v. 47 (3): p. 302-305; 1992 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Uk; Cabt; Grass sward; Lolium perenne; Trifolium repens; Mixed pastures; Endophytes; Acremonium; Crop yield; Herbage; Irrigation scheduling; Carbosulfan; Insect control 67 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Effect of straw residues on black spruce seedling growth and mineral nutrition, under greenhouse conditions. Jobidon, R.; Thibault, J.R.; Fortin, J.A. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1989 Oct. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 19 (10): p. 1291-1293; 1989 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Picea mariana; Seedlings; Straw mulches; Mineral nutrition; Growth; Mycorrhizas; Weed control; Greenhouse culture; Nutrient contents of plants; Phosphorus 68 NAL Call. No.: S631.F422 Effect of VAM inoculation on plant growth, nutrient level and root phosphatase activity in papaya (Carica papaya cv. Coorg Honey Dew). Mohandas, S. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1992 Jun. Fertilizer research v. 31 (3): p. 263-267; 1992 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Carica papaya; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil inoculation; Plant height; Dry matter; Acid phosphatase Abstract: Papava (Carica papava cv. Coorg Honey Dew) plants inoculated with the VA mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mossae and G. fasciculatum in sterilized nursery soil showed improved plant height, dry matter as well as P, N and Zn concentrations with no or low levels of phosphorus application. There was an enhanced alkaline and acid phosphatase activity on the root surface and also in the enzyme extract of the root of papaya. 69 NAL Call. No.: SB1.H6 Effect of vesicular--arbuscular mycorrhizae on tissue culture- derived plantlets of strawberry. Chavez, M.G.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R. Alexandria, Va. : American Society for Horticultural Science; 1990 Aug. HortScience v. 25 (8): p. 903-905; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Fragaria ananassa; Micropropagation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Colonizing ability; Glomus macrocarpus; Glomus; Symbiosis; Endophytes; Growth rate; Crop yield; Cultivars; Varietal effects 70 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Effects of Acremonium coenophialum infestation, bermudagrass, and nitrogen or clover on steers grazing tall fescue pastures. Chestnut, A.B.; Fribourg, H.A.; McLaren, J.B.; Keltner, D.G.; Reddick, B.B.; Carlisle, R.J.; Smith, M.C. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1991 Apr. Journal of production agriculture v. 4 (2): p. 208-213; 1991 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Tennessee; Beef cattle; Steers; Grazing; Grazing trials; Performance; Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium coenophialum; Endophytes; Poisoning; Trifolium repens; Cynodon dactylon; Mixed pastures; Forage; Biomass production; Nitrogen fertilizers; Feed intake; Dry matter; Liveweight gain; Body temperature; Coat 71 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C The effects of aluminum and calcium on the growth and nutrition of selected ectomycorrhizal fungi of jack pine. Browning, M.H.R.; Hutchinson, T.C. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Aug. Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69 (8): p. 1691-1699; 1991 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Ontario; Pinus banksiana; Hebeloma crustuliniforme; Rhizopogon; Suillus; Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Regulation; Aluminum; Calcium; Plant nutrition; Stand characteristics; Age of trees 72 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Effects of ammonium and aluminium on the development and nutrition of Pinus nigra in hydroculture. Boxman, A.W.; Krabbendam, H.; Bellemakers, M.J.S.; Roelofs, J.G.M. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1991. Environmental pollution v. 73 (2): p. 119-136; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Netherlands; Pinus nigra; Ammonium nitrogen; Aluminum; Root shoot ratio; Biomass production; Mycorrhizas; Nodulation; Nutrient uptake; Nitrogen; Calcium; Magnesium; Zinc; Phosphorus; Potassium; Plant nutrition; Nutrient content; Cultures 73 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C Effects of benomyl, clipping, and competition on growth of prereproductive Lotus corniculatus. Borowicz, V.A. Ottawa : National Research Council of Canada, 1951-; 1993 Sep. Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 71 (9): p. 1169-1175; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Lotus corniculatus; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Defoliation; Plant competition; Effects; Survival; Growth; Benomyl; Treatment; Brassica napus; Plant interaction 74 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34 Effects of endophtye-infected tall fescue on animal performance. Schmidt, S.P.; Osborn, T.G. Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1993 Mar. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 44 (1/4): p. 233-262; 1993 Mar. In the special issue: Acremonium/grass interactions / edited by R. Joost and S. Quisenberry. Proceedings of the international symposium on Acremonium/Grass Interactions, held November 5-7, 1990, New Orleans, Louisiana. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium coenophialum; Infection; Cattle feeding; Performance; Endophytes; Horses; Poisoning; Grazing; Reproductive performance
75 NAL Call. No.: SD14.C26P3 Effects of ethephon and drought on container-grown Pinus resinosa seedlings. Maynard, S.F.; Livingston, W.H. Victoria : The Centre; 1991. Information report BC-X - Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Forestry Centre (331): p. 259-267; 1991. Proceedings of the first meeting of IUFRO Working Party S2.07-09 (Diseases and Insects in Forest Nurseries), held August 23-30, 1990, Victoria British Columbia. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus resinosa; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Ethephon; Drought; Stress; Roots; Growth; Ectomycorrhizas; Disease resistance 76 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C Effects of Hebeloma arenosa and phosphorus fertility on growth of red pine (Pinus resinosa) seedlings. MacFall, J.; Slack, S.A.; Iyer, J. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Feb. Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 69 (2): p. 372-379. ill; 1991 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wisconsin; Pinus resinosa; Hebeloma; Seedlings; Growth; Phosphorus fertilizers; Plant nutrition; Ectomycorrhizas; Nutrient uptake 77 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Effects of Hebeloma arenosa on growth and survival of container-grown red pine seedlings (Pinus resinosa). MacFall, J.S.; Slack, S.A. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Oct. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 21 (10): p. 1459-1465; 1991 Oct. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus resinosa; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Hebeloma; Ectomycorrhizas; Growth; Plant height; Survival; Fertilizers Abstract: The ability of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma arenosa Burdsall, MacFall & Albers to enhance growth and survival of container-grown red pine seedlings (Pinus resinosa Ait.) was investigated. Shoot height of H. arenosa inoculated seedlings was 28% greater than noninoculated seedlings when grown without fertilizer applications. Eight-week-old seedlings transplanted into a Ball mix (a mixture of peat, bark, and perlite) containing up to a 1:64 dilution of fungal inoculum had significantly greater root dry weights and root/shoot ratios than noninoculated seedlings when grown for an additional 14 weeks. Under experimental greenhouse conditions, root and shoot dry weights of container-grown red pine seedlings that had been directly seeded into Ball mix containing up to a 1:256 dilution of fungal inoculum were significantly greater than weights measured for noninoculated seedlings. Root and shoot dry weights of container-grown seedlings seeded directly into a 1:5 dilution of H. arenosa inoculum and Ball mix and then grown under commercial production conditions were greater than comparable weights of noninoculated seedlings. Hebeloma arenosa inoculation significantly increased seedling survival following outplanting, but did not increase seedling growth. Hebeloma arenosa did not colonize roots growing from the root plug into the surrounding soil. 78 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Effects of Hebeloma arenosa on growth of red pine seedlings in high-fertility nursery soil in Wisconsin. MacFall, J.S.; Slack, S.A. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Apr. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 21 (4): p. 482-488; 1991 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Wisconsin; Pinus resinosa; Seedlings; Hebeloma; Soil inoculation; Growth; Forest nurseries Abstract: Mycorrhizal colonization and growth of red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) inoculated with the fungus Hebeloma arenosa Burdsall, MacFall & Albers were investigated in a highly fertile nursery soil. In greenhouse tests, seedlings became mycorrhizal with H. arenosa when inoculum was incorporated throughout the soil to a 1:256 dilution (v/v). Inoculated seedlings had greater root dry weights and root/shoot ratios than noninoculated seedlings. Seedlings that grew in soil where inoculum had been placed around the seeds had greater root dry weights (at a 1:64 dilution) and shoot dry weights (at a 1:4 dilution) than noninoculated seedlings from unpasteurized or pasteurized soil. Hebeloma arenosa inoculum stimulated increased root and shoot dry weights for 2 years compared with noninoculated seedlings mycorrhizal with indigenous fungi. This study supports the hypothesis that H. arenosa can colonize red pine and cause an increase in growth even in highly fertile nursery soils. 79 NAL Call. No.: SB193.F59 The effects of insecticide applications on establishment of endophyte- free and endophyte-infected tall fescue varieties. Wilmsmeyer, R.H.; Bailey, W.C.; Munson, R.E. Columbia, Mo. : American Forage and Grassland Council; 1991. Proceedings of the Forage and Grassland Conference. p. 240-243; 1991. Meeting held April 1-4, 1991, Columbia, Missouri. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium coenophialum; Cultivars; Stand establishment; Insecticides; Crop density 80 NAL Call. No.: FULD1780 1991.O26 Effects of lime, phosphorus, and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on the establishment and growth of Vigna parkeri in a Pomona fine sand. O'Donnell, James John, 1991; 1991. x, 85 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-84). Language: English Descriptors: Vigna; Legumes 81 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 Effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal fungi infecting Pinus sylvestris L. II. Growth rates in pure culture at different pH values compared to growth rates in symbiosis with the host plant. Erland, S.; Soderstrom, B.; Andersson, S. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1990 Aug. The New phytologist v. 115 (4): p. 683-688. ill; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sweden; Pinus sylvestris; Aphyllophorales; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycelium; Growth rate; In vitro; Agar; Peat; Ph; Acidity; Symbiosis 82 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 Effects of liming on ectomycorrhizal fungi infecting Pinus sylvestris L. III. Saprophytic growth and host plant infection at different pH values in unsterile humus. Erland, S.; Soderstrom, B. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Mar. The New phytologist v. 117 (3): p. 405-411; 1991 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sweden; Pinus sylvestris; Ectomycorrhizas; Mycorrhizal fungi; Infectivity; Liming; Saprophytes; Growth; Humus; Soil ph 83 NAL Call. No.: QK600.M82 Effects of litter treatments on the sporophore production of beech forest macrofungi. Tyler, G. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1991 Sep. Mycological research v. 95 (pt.9): p. 1137-1139; 1991 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Sweden; Fagus sylvatica; Decay fungi; Agaricales; Russula; Litter (plant); Forest ecology; Sexual reproduction; Mycorrhizas 84 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Effects of mycorrhizae and other soil microbes on revegetation of heavy metal contaminated mine spoil. Shetty, K.G.; Hetrick, B.A.D.; Figge, D.A.H.; Schwab, A.P. Oxford, UK : Elsevier Science Limited; 1994. Environmental pollution v. 86 (2): p. 181-188; 1994. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Andropogon gerardii; Festuca arundinacea; Mycorrhizal fungi; Soil flora; Establishment; Survival; Growth; Revegetation; Translocation; Zinc; Nutrient uptake; Revegetation plants; Polluted soils; Mine spoil; Reclamation 85 NAL Call. No.: 470 C16C Effects of mycorrhizae, phosphorus availability, and plant density on yield relationships among competing tallgrass prairie grasses. Hetrick, B.A.D.; Hartnett, D.C.; Wilson, G.W.T.; Gibson, D.J. Ottawa : National Research Council of Canada, 1951-; 1994 Feb. Canadian journal of botany; Journal canadien de botanique v. 72 (2): p. 168-176; 1994 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Andropogon gerardii; Koeleria; Elymus canadensis; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Phosphorus; Nutrient availability; Plant competition; Plant density; Competitive ability; Yields; Dry matter accumulation 86 NAL Call. No.: SD14.B7F7 Effects of mycorrhizal fungi on quality of nursery stock and plantation performance in the southern interior of British Columbia. Hunt, G.A. Victoria, B.C. : Canadian Forestry Service; 1992 Jun. FRDA report (185): 18 p.; 1992 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: British Columbia; Forest nurseries; Planting stock; Mycorrhizal fungi; Soil inoculation; Transplanting; Performance; Forest plantations; Roots; Colonizing ability 87 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 Effects of nitrogen source on growth, nutrition, photosynthetic rate and nitrogen metabolism of mycorrhizal and phosphorus-fertilized plants of Lactuca sativa L. Azcon, R.; Gomez, M.; Tobar, R. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Jun. The New phytologist v. 121 (2): p. 227-234; 1992 Jun. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Lactuca sativa; Glomus mosseae; Glomus fasciculatum; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Nitrogen; Nutrient requirements; Nutrient sources; Growth; Photosynthesis; Net assimilation rate; Nitrogen metabolism; Nitrate reductase; Enzyme activity; Glutamate-ammonia ligase; Phosphorus fertilizers 88 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 Effects of pH on arbuscular mycorrhiza. I. Field observations on the long-term liming experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn. Wang, G.M.; Stribley, D.P.; Tinker, P.B.; Walker, C. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1993 Jul. The New phytologist v. 124 (3): p. 465-472; 1993 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: South east england; Avena sativa; Solanum tuberosum; Mycorrhizal fungi; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Roots; Soil ph; Soil acidity; Liming; Superphosphate; Crop yield; Long term experiments 89 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.U57 Effects of shading and mycorrhizae on the growth and development of container-grown black and English oak seedlings. Kissee, K.K.; Garrett, H.E.; Pallardy, S.G.; Reid, R.K. New Orleans, La. : The Station; 1989. General technical report SO - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station (74): p. 63-66; 1989. Paper presented at the Fifth Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference, Nov 1-3, 1988, Memphis, Tennessee. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Quercus velutina; Quercus robur; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius; Suillus luteus; Thelephora terrestris; Shading; Growth
90 NAL Call. No.: QH545.A1E52 Effects of soil-applied lead on seedling growth and ectomycorrhizal colonization of loblolly pine. Chappelka, A.H.; Kush, J.S.; Runion, G.B.; Meier, S.; Kelley, W.D. Essex : Elsevier Applied Science; 1991. Environmental pollution v. 72 (4): p. 307-316; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus taeda; Lead; Polluted soils; Seedling growth; Ectomycorrhizas; Cenococcum geophilum; Colonizing ability; Root tips; Plant height; Biomass production; Foliage; Stems; Soil types; Application rates 91 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34 Efficiency of crop inoculation with endomycorrhizal fungi. Muromtsev, G.S.; Marshunova, G.N.; Yakobi, L.M. Amsterdam : Elsevier; 1990 Feb. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment v. 29: p. 307-310; 1990 Feb. Special Issue, Part B: Ecological and Applied Aspects of Ecto- and Endomycorrhizal Associations. Paper presented at the "2nd European Symposium on Mycorrhizae," August 5-9, 1988, Prague, Czechoslovakia. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.S.R.; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Inoculation; Symbiosis; Crop yield; Endomycorrhizae; Nitrogen; Rhizobium 92 NAL Call. No.: 18 J825 Einfluss von sterilisiertem und nichtsterilisiertem Stallmist und Kompost auf die Effizienz der VA-Mykorrhiza [Effect of sterilized and unsterilized stable manure and compost on the efficiency of VA mycorrhiza]. Brechelt, A. Berlin, W. Ger. : Paul Parey; 1989 Feb. Zeitschrift fur Acker- und Pflanzenbau v. 162 (2): p. 113-120; 1989 Feb. Includes references. Language: German Descriptors: Capsicum annuum; Composts; Manures; Soil inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae; Yield components; Crop yield; Greenhouse culture 93 NAL Call. No.: QK495.M545F34 1992 Endomycorrhiza infection in young Faidherbia albida: influence on growth and development. Ducousso, M.; Colonna, J.P. Andhra Pradesh, India : International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics :; 1992. Faidherbia albida in the West African semi-arid tropics : proceedings of a workshop, 22-26 Apr 1991, Niamey, Niger / edited by R.J. Vandenbeldt. p. 151-156; 1992. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Acacia albida; Growth; Plant development; Endomycorrhizas 94 NAL Call. No.: QK898.N6N52 Endomycorrhizal fungi from leguminous tree species for fuelwood plantation in alkaline soil sites. Sidhu, O.P.; Behl, H.M. Bangkok, Thailand : Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research; 1990 Aug. Nitrogen fixing tree research reports v. 8: p. 34-36; 1990 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: India; Leguminosae; Nitrogen fixing trees; Endomycorrhizas; Biomass production; Fuelwood; Alkaline soils; Soil ph; Growth 95 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P Endophyte effects on growth and persistence of tall fescue along a water-supply gradient. West, C.P.; Izekor, E.; Turner, K.E.; Elmi, A.A. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993 Mar. Agronomy journal v. 85 (2): p. 264-270; 1993 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Cabt; Festuca arundinacea; Acremonium coenophialum; Endophytes; Irrigated conditions; Drought; Drought resistance; Persistence; Yield components; Tillers; Herbage; Crop yield Abstract: Ecophysiology of the endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams)-tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) association needs to be understood in order to promote environmental fitness traits of the association while reducing its deleterious effects on ruminants. Our objective was to determine the influence of endophyte on drought stress tolerance, persistence, and yield components of field-grown tall fescue on a Typic Hapludalfs soil. A water supply gradient was established during 1988 and 1989 with line-source irrigation on established populations of 0 and 80% endophyte-infected tall fescue. Whole plots consisted of endophyte infection status, across which a gradient of water was applied in a Strip-split fashion with eight replicates. Tiller population density and herbage yield were determined every 28 d and yield components were measured on selected dates. Relative to populations receiving high irrigation (375-650 mm applied), tiller density in nonirrigated stands (0-50 mm applied) from July to October 1988 was reduced an average of 42% in infected tall fescue and 55% in noninfected tall fescue. Tiller density of nonirrigated, infected populations recovered fully to that of high irrigation treatments by 17 November, whereas that of nonirrigated, endophyte-free populations recovered to only 62% of irrigated treatments. The advantage in population density due to endophyte infection continued throughout 1989, a relatively wet year. A benefit in total forage yield due to endophyte infection was not consistently evident because of greater yield per tiller in endophyte-free stands in 1989. Enhanced tiller density and survival were associated with endophyte infection during severe water deficit, and this advantage continued throughout the subsequent year. Endophyte infection confers population stability in tall fescue during drought stress through improved filler and whole plant survival. 96 NAL Call. No.: S37.F72 Endophyte fescue control in pastures. Boyd, J.W. Little Rock, Ark. : Cooperative Extension Service,; 1993 Feb. FSA (2108): 2 p.; 1993 Feb. Language: English Descriptors: Arkansas; Cabt; Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Cynodon dactylon; Paraquat; Glyphosate; No-tillage; Planting; Application date; Application methods; Application rates; Tillage; Rotations 97 NAL Call. No.: SB476.G7 Endophyte-enhanced stress tolerance. Richardson, M.D.; Bacon, C.W. Overland Park, Kan. : Intertec Publishing Corporation; 1993 Mar. Grounds maintenance v. 28 (3): p. 62, 64, 86, 90; 1993 Mar. Language: English Descriptors: U.S.A.; Lawns and turf; Endophytes; Stress response; Tolerance; Nitrogen; Metabolism; Drought resistance; Flooding 98 NAL Call. No.: 275.29 N811NC Endophyte-free tall fescue: a "new" plant for dairy cows. Mueller, J.P. Raleigh, N.C. : North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service; 1991 Jan. North Carolina dairy extension newsletter. p. 5-7; 1991 Jan. Language: English Descriptors: North Carolina; Festuca; Grazing; Forage; Cultivars; Dairy cattle; Endophytes; Testing; Yields 99 NAL Call. No.: 49 J82 Energy and protected protein supplements to lambs on endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture. Daura, M.T.; Reid, R.L. Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1991 Jan. Journal of animal science v. 69 (1): p. 358-368; 1991 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: West Virginia; Lambs; Festuca arundinacea; Nutrient content; Grazing; Feed supplements; Nitrogen metabolism; Liveweight gain; Carcass composition; Acremonium coenophialum; Nitrogen fertilizers 100 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71 Epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi of oaks and pines in forests and on surface mines of western Maryland. Beckjord, P.R.; Melhuish, J.L. Jr; Crews, J.T.; Farr, D.F. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1990. Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service v. 41 (1): p. 15-23; 1990. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Maryland; Quercus; Pinus; Ectomycorrhizas; Fungi; Forests; Mining; Afforestation 101 NAL Call. No.: QK1.S69 Establishment of guayule plants in a limed bark medium at low phosphate levels. Vietti, A.J.; Van Staden, J.; Smith, M.T. Pretoria, S. Africa : Bureau for Scientific Publications; 1990 Apr. South African journal of botany : official journal of the South African Association of Botanists; Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir plantkunde : amptelike tydskrif van die Suid- Afrikaanse Genootskap van Plantkundiges v. 56 (2): p. 145-149; 1990 Apr. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Parthenium argentatum; Seedlings; Bark compost; Crop establishment; Glomus intraradices; Liming; Pine bark; Rock phosphate; Soil inoculation; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas 102 NAL Call. No.: QR1.M562 Evaluation and first-year field testing of efficient vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for inoculation of wetland rice seedlings. Secilia, J.; Bagyaraj, D.J. Oxford, OX, UK : Published by Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd in association with UNESCO and in collaboration with the International Union of Microbiological Societies, c1990-; 1994 Jul. World journal of microbiology & biotechnology v. 10 (4): p. 381-384; 1994 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Oryza sativa; Flooded rice; Seedlings; Glomus fasciculatum; Glomus intraradices; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Superphosphates; Crop yield 103 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Evaluation of low-endophyte tall fescue for cool-season forage in the lower South. Gates, R.N.; Wyatt, W.E. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 Jul. Journal of production agriculture v. 2 (3): p. 241-245; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Lolium multiflorum; Cultivars; Endophytes; Annual field crops; Perennials; Forage; Grazing trials; Dry matter accumulation; Stocking rate; Steers; Beef production; Production costs; Weight gain 104 NAL Call. No.: 100 T25F Extending loblolly and Virginia pine planting seasons on strip mine spoils in east Tennessee. Mullins, J.; Buckner, E.; Evans, R.; Moditz, P. Knoxville, Tenn. : The Station; 1989. Tennessee farm and home science : progress report - Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station (151): p. 24-27. ill; 1989. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Tennessee; Pinus taeda; Pinus Virginiana; Planting season; Strip mine land; Land reclamation; Planting stock; Survival; Storage; Inoculation; Mycorrhizal fungi
105 NAL Call. No.: 450 N42 Factors affecting appressorium development in the vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe. Giovannetti, M.; Avio, L.; Sbrana, C.; Citernesi, A.S. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1993 Jan. The New phytologist v. 123 (1): p. 115-122; 1993 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Lupinus albus; Medicago sativa; Pisum sativum; Glomus; Glomus mosseae; Appressoria; Cell differentiation; Plant extracts; Roots; Hyphae; Growth; Thigmotropism; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas 106 NAL Call. No.: aSD11.A48 Factors affecting ectomycorrhizae and forest regeneration following disturbance in the Pacific Northwest. Amaranthus, M.P. Ogden, Utah : The Station; 1991 Aug. General technical report INT - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station (280): p. 205-208; 1991 Aug. Proceedings of a meeting on "Management and Productivity of Western Montane Forest Soils," April 10-12, 1990, Boise, Idaho. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Artificial regeneration; Mycorrhizal fungi; Climatic factors 107 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 Field performance of Alnus cordata Loisel (Italian alder) inoculated with Frankia and VA-mycorrhizal strains in mine- spoil afforestation plots. Lumini, E.; Bosco, M.; Puppi, G.; Isopi, R.; Frattegiani, M.; Buresti, E.; Favilli, F. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1994 May. Soil biology & biochemistry v. 26 (5): p. 659-661; 1994 May. In the special issue: Frankia and actinorhizal plants / edited by S.L. Harris and W.B. Silvester. Proceedings from the ninth international conference, April 4-7, 1993, Ohakune, New Zealand. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Alnus cordata; Seedlings; Frankia; Glomus mosseae; Glomus fasciculatum; Seed inoculation; Transplanting; Mined land; Mine spoil; Reclamation; Afforestation; Revegetation; Performance 108 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Field performance of black spruce and jack pine inoculated with selected species of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Browning, M.H.R.; Whitney, R.D. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1992 Dec. Canadian journal of forest research; Revue canadienne de recherche forestiere v. 22 (12): p. 1974-1982; 1992 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Picea mariana; Pinus banksiana; Seedlings; Ectomycorrhizas; Soil inoculation; Laccaria; Hebeloma cylindrosporum; Pisolithus tinctorius; Rhizopogon; Transplanting; Site factors; Stony soils; Loam soils; Peat soils; Sandy soils; Plant nutrition; Nutrient content; Growth; Afforestation Abstract: Seedlings of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) were inoculated with fragmented hyphae of one of five species of ectomycorrhizal fungi and outplanted on reforestation sites after 14 weeks of growth in the nursery. Black spruce were planted on a peatland site and a stony loam site; jack pine were planted on the same stony loam site and on a sandy site. Inoculation of both species with Laccaria proxima (Boud.) Maire resulted in significantly better shoot growth compared with uninoculated seedlings over a 2-year period on all sites. Hebeloma cylindrosporum Romagn. improved the height growth of black spruce on the peatland site and of jack pine on the stony loam site after 2 years. Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton also improved the height growth of jack pine on the stony loam after 2 years. Black spruce inoculated with L. bicolor were significantly smaller than uninoculated seedlings. Size differences present in black spruce at outplanting persisted for two growing seasons, whereas initial size did not predict the field performance of jack pine. Inoculation of black spruce with L. proxima resulted in higher foliar concentrations of K and Zn compared with uninoculated seedlings on the peatland site. Foliar concentrations of N, P, K, and Zn in jack pine inoculated with L. proxima were significantly higher than those of uninoculated seedlings at the stony loam site. All inoculated fungi (except Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, which did not form mycorrhizae) remained on the root systems for two growing seasons, but their presence declined sharply in the 2nd year. Laccaria bicolor was the most persistent mycobiont on root systems of both tree species. Colonization of black spruce by indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungi was faster on the stony loam site than on the peatland site. The diversity of wild ectomycorrhizae on the planted seedlings was higher on both the peatland and sand sites than on the stony loam site. 109 NAL Call. No.: 99.8 F7632 Field performance of ponderosa, scots, and austrian pines with Pisolithus tinctorius ectomycorrhizae in prairie soils. Riffle, J.W. Bethesda, Md. : Society of American Foresters; 1989 Dec. Forest science v. 35 (4): p. 935-945; 1989 Dec. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Kansas; Pinus ponderosa; Pinus sylvestris; Pinus nigra; Seedlings; Inoculation; Pisolithus tinctorius; Ectomycorrhizae; Prairie soils; Survival; Growth Abstract: Pinus ponderosa, P. sylvestris, and P. nigra seedlings, with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) ectomycorrhizae formed with standard or industrially produced pure culture inoculum, were planted on prairie soils in south-central and southeastern Nebraska, or in central Kansas. Survival and growth of the seedlings were evaluated annually over a 5-year period. Seedlings also were examined for presence of Pt and naturally occurring ectomycorrhizae. Pt remained viable on inoculated trees in each of three plantings during the 5-year period, but ectomycorrhizae formed with this symbiont did not improve survival and growth of the three pine species when compared to noninoculated control trees that had become ectomycorrhizal with naturally occurring symbionts. Factors (high soil pH and other fungi) contributing to the lack of growth response under field conditions for trees with Pt ectomycorrhizae are discussed. 110 NAL Call. No.: 4 AM34P Field response of maize to a VAM fungus and water management. Sylvia, D.M.; Hammond, L.C.; Bennett, J.M.; Haas, J.H.; Linda, S.B. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy, [1949-; 1993 Mar. Agronomy journal v. 85 (2): p. 193-198; 1993 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Florida; Cabt; Zea mays; Glomus etunicatum; Root inoculation; Soil water regimes; Growth; Crop yield; Phenology; Nutrient content; Biomass production Abstract: Mycorrhizae improve plant nutrient uptake and are known to affect the water relations of plants grown in growth chambers and greenhouses. This paper summarizes a 3-yr field study that tested the effects of mycorrhizae and water management on the growth and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.). In each year, two inoculation treatments (inoculated or not with Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdemann) and three water-management treatments (fully irrigated, moderate stress, and severe stress) were applied to fumigated and fertilized Millhopper fine sand (loamy, siliceous, hyperthermic Grossarenic Paleudult). Inoculum was placed in a furrow 10 cm deep at an average rate of 1500 propagules per meter of row. Six to 7 wk after planting, colonization ranged from 0 to 6% of total root length on noninoculated plants and from 10 to 61% on inoculated plants. Twelve to 13 wk after planting, colonization ranged from 2 to 30% on noninoculated plants and from 21 to 56% on inoculated plants. Water stress had little effect on root colonization. By 52 d after planting, one more leaf had appeared and one additional leaf had formed a collar on inoculated plants. Inoculation increased the concentrations of P and Cu in both shoots and grain on all measurement dates. Overall, grain yields (0.306) and total above-ground biomass yields (0.458 Mg ha-1 cm-1 of water) increased linearly with irrigation. A positive response to mycorrhizal inoculation was constant across irrigation levels (0.802 for grain and 1.170 Mg ha-1 for biomass). Therefore, the proportional response of maize to inoculation with G. etunicatum increased with increasing drought stress. 111 NAL Call. No.: SD409.N48 Field survival of containerized red and jack pine seedlings inoculated with mycelial slurries of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Richter, D.L.; Bruhn, J.N. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989 Sep. New forests v. 3 (3): p. 247-258; 1989 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Michigan; Pinus resinosa; Pinus banksiana; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Laccaria; Mycorrhizal fungi; Immunization; Survival; Forest plantations 112 NAL Call. No.: QH84.8.B46 Fitting plants to soil through mycorrhizal fungi: mycorrhiza effects on plant growth and soil organic matter. Quintero-Ramos, M.; Espinoza-Victoria, D.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R.; Bethlenfalvay, G.J. Berlin : Springer International; 1993 Feb. Biology and fertility of soils v. 15 (2): p. 103-106; 1993 Feb. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Helianthus annuus; Zea mays; Cultivars; Hybrids; Glomus; Glomus etunicatum; Glomus mosseae; Nitrogen; Plant nutrition; Phosphorus; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil organic matter 113 NAL Call. No.: 450 M99 The foliar fungal endophytes of the Amazonian palm Euterpe oleracea. Rodrigues, K.F. Bronx : New York Botanical Garden, 1909-; 1994 May. Mycologia v. 86 (3): p. 376-385; 1994 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Brazil; Cabt; Euterpe oleracea; Leaves; Fungi; Flora; Endophytes; Growth stages; Seasonal variation; Leaf age; Plant ecology; Checklists; Taxonomy; Geographical distribution 114 NAL Call. No.: S539.5.J68 Forage systems for beef cattle: calf and backgrounded steer performance. Tucker, C.A.; Morrow, R.E.; Gerrish, J.R.; Nelson, C.J.; Garner, G.B.; Jacobs, V.E.; Hires, W.G.; Shinkle, J.J.; Forwood, J.R. Madison, Wis. : American Society of Agronomy; 1989 Jul. Journal of production agriculture v. 2 (3): p. 208-213; 1989 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Missouri; Beef cows; Steers; Calves; Young animals; Fodder crops; Forage crops; Endophytes; Nitrogen fertilizers; Creep grazing; Liveweight gains; Fattening performance; Seasonal growth; Stocking rate 115 NAL Call. No.: QH548.S9 Fungal biomass in the mycorrhizae in relation to sporophore yield in fertilized and an unfertilized (Pinus taeda) stand. Markkola, A.M.; Cibula, W.G.; Vare, H. Philadelphia, Pa. : Balaban Publishers; 1990. Symbiosis v. 9 (1/3): p. 93-96; 1990. Paper presented at the "International Conference on the Mechanisms of the Relationship Between Soil-Plant-Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere," Sept 28-29, 1989, Montpellier, France. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Mississippi; Pinus taeda; Mycorrhizal fungi; Roots; Glucosamine; Plant organs; Fungal spores; Biomass production; Npk fertilizers 116 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883 Genetic variation and relationship of quality traits between herbage and seed of tall fescue. Pavetti, D.R.; Sleper, D.A.; Roberts, C.A.; Krause, G.F. Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America, 1961-; 1994 Mar. Crop science v. 34 (2): p. 427-431; 1994 Mar. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Plant breeding; Genetic variation; Crop quality; Forage; Herbage; In vitro digestibility; Nutritive value; Fiber content; Hemicelluloses; Crop yield; Heritability; Seed characteristics; Indirect selection; Selection responses Abstract: Information is lacking on inheritance of in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and hemicellulose (HEM) of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) seed and their relationship to these quality traits in herbage. If a dose relationship were found between seed and herbage quality, indirect selection for improved herbage quality would be effective. Objectives of this study were to evaluate genetic variation for these quality traits and yield of herbage and seed and to examine association of these quality parameters between seed and herbage. Twenty-three endophyte-free parents were randomly chosen from a genetically broad-based population, and their respective half-sib families were generated. Herbage and seed samples were analyzed for quality parameters using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Significant (P < 0.01) variation was observed in herbage for all traits in the summer (immediately after seed harvest) and the fall for parents. There was no significant variation for IVDMD of herbage in summer or fall or for NDF and ADF in the summer for half-sib families. For seed, all traits had highly significant variation. Narrow-sense heritabilities for herbage ranged from 0% for IVDMD, NDF, and yield in the summer to 71% for HEM in the summer. Narrow-sense heritability of IVDMD for seed was 78%. Heritabilities from herbage estimated by genotypic regressions were higher, ranging from 26% for IVDMD in the summer to 80% for NDF. Seed traits had a similar relationship, with genotypic regression heritabilities ranging from 62% for IVDMD to 86% for NDF. Correlation coefficients of quality traits between herbage and seed were low. Data indicated that indirect selection for improved forage quality via the seed is not useful. Selection for herbage quality directly would also be difficult because gains from selection were low. 117 NAL Call. No.: KyUThesis 1991 An Glomales mycorrhizal community associated with soybean as influenced by crop rotation and soil fumigation. An, Zhi-qiang, 1991; 1991. vii, 108 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (l. 98-107). Language: English Descriptors: Soybean; Crop rotation; Mycorrhizas 118 NAL Call. No.: 56.9 SO3 Grain sorghum-soybean rotation and fertilization influence on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Ellis, J.R.; Roder, W.; Mason, S.C. Madison, Wis. : The Society; 1992 May. Soil Science Society of America journal v. 56 (3): p. 789-794; 1992 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Nebraska; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Glycine max; Sorghum bicolor; Rotations; Continuous cropping; Colonization; Roots; Growth; Ammonium nitrate; Cattle manure Abstract: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) can reduce plant stress resulting from nutrient deficiencies, drought, and other factors. The objective of this work was to measure the effect of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] rotation and fertilization on plant response and VAMF root colonization and diversity, and relate effects to soil environment. Fertilizer treatments consisted of no fertilizer, N, and manure. Rooting densities correlated with previous crop, VAMF colonization, and soil NO3. Root colonization by VAMF was affected by previous crop, rooting density, N fertilization, soil P, and water- filled pore space. Root colonization by VAMF ranged from 93% at 15 cm to 15% at the 120-cm soil depth. Root density and VAMF colonization were least when soybean was grown the previous year and manure was applied. Root colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 54, 53, and 30%, respectively, for continuous soybean and 61, 55, and 44%, respectively, for soybean from rotation plots. Root colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 69, 59, and 54%, respectively, for continuous grain sorghum and 56, 48, and 31%, respectively, for grain sorghum from rotation plots. These agricultural soils contained a diverse mixture of 26 VAMF species, which is probably a major factor in the region's soil productivity. Plants stressed due to cropping system or fertilizer practice have greater VAMF colonization and VAMF activity. A diverse VAMF population could increase the ability of VAMF to respond to different stresses. 119 NAL Call. No.: SF951.E62 Grass management and anlaysis. Hintz, H.F. Santa Barbara, Calif. : Veterinary Practice Publishing Company; 1990 Nov. Equine practice v. 12 (10): p. 5-6; 1990 Nov. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Grasses; Endophytes; Spectroscopy; Nutrient uptake; Grassland management
120 NAL Call. No.: 1.962 C5T71 Growth and colonization of western redcedar by vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizae in fumigated and nonfumigated nursery beds. Berch, S.M.; Deom, E.; Willngdon, T. Washington, D.C. : The Service; 1991. Tree planters' notes - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service v. 42 (4): p. 14-16; 1991. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Thuja plicata; Forest nurseries; Bare rooted stock; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Seedlings; Soil fumigation; Methyl bromide; Growth; Colonizing ability 121 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Growth and ectomycorrhiza formation of container-grown red oak seedlings as a function of nitrogen fertilization and inoculum type of Laccaria bicolor. Gagnon, J.; Langlois, C.G.; Garbaye, J. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1991 Jul. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 21 (7): p. 966-973; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Quercus rubra; Seedlings; Container grown plants; Laccaria; Inoculation methods; Mycelium; Ammonium sulfate; Application rates; Shoots; Roots; Nutrient content Abstract: Containerized red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings were inoculated at the time of sowing with Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton using two methods to compare the efficiency of two inoculum types: a mycelial suspension (Ecto-sol101) produced by Rhizotec Laboratories Inc. and calcium alginate beads containing this mycelial suspension. Red oak seedlings were also grown for 19 weeks in a peat moss - vermiculite substrate under three levels of N fertilization (100, 120, and 140 mg/seedling per season) to determine the N level that maximizes the ectomycorrhizae formation and growth of seedlings. After 19 weeks in the greenhouse, seedlings inoculated with liquid inoculum had significantly more mycorrhizae than both those inoculated with beads and controls, regardless of the N level. For any of the N levels, liquid-inoculated seedlings had significantly lower shoot height, root-collar diameter, and dry weights (shoot, root, and total) than both those inoculated with beads and the controls, whereas there were no significant differences for any growth parameters between the bead and control treatments. For the three inoculum treatments, root and total dry weights of seedlings fertilized with 100 mg N were significantly lower than those of seedlings that received both 120 and 140 mg N, whereas shoot height, root-collar diameter, and shoot:root ratio of seedlings did not differ significantly between any of the three N levels. After 19 weeks, seedlings inoculated with liquid inoculum had significantly greater N and P concentrations (%) and contents (mg/seedling) than those inoculated with beads only at the 140 mg N level. Analyses show that seedling concentrations of 1.2% N and 0.1% P and substrate fertility of 25 ppm N and 30 ppm P would be appropriate to maintain the ectomycorrhizal association Q. rubra - L. bicolor. 122 NAL Call. No.: S601.A34 Growth and nutrition of combinations of native and introduced plants and mycorrhizal fungi in a semiarid range. Trent, J.D.; Svejcar, A.J.; Bethlenfalvay, G.J. Amsterdam; New York : Elsevier, 1983-; 1993 May. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment v. 45 (1/2): p. 13-23; 1993 May. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Oryzopsis hymenoides; Agropyron desertorum; Seed inoculation; Transplanting; Symbiosis; Roots; Plant nutrition; Growth 123 NAL Call. No.: S592.7.A1S6 Growth and nutrition of nodulated mycorrhizal and non- mycorrhizal Hedysarum coronarium as a result of treatment with fractions from a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Azcon, R. Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1993 Aug. Soil biology & biochemistry v. 25 (8): p. 1037-1042; 1993 Aug. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Hedysarum coronarium; Glomus mosseae; Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas; Soil bacteria; Rhizosphere; Metabolites; Growth; Nutrient uptake; Inoculation methods; Timing Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of components from a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) or phytohormones on the growth and nutrient assimilation of a legume with N2-fixing Rhizobium. Half of these plants were inoculated with the vesicular- arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi Glomus mosseae. Hedysarum coronarium VAM and non-VAM plants at either 1 day, 15 days or both (1 plus 15) times were treated with components from the PGPR culture: (1) washed cells; (2) culture filtrate; (3) complete bacterial culture; or (4) a mixture of phytohormones. Results show that components from the PGPR culture behaved similarly in increasing growth in non-mycorrhizal plants irrespective of time of treatment. In mycorrhizal plants, the single addition of washed cells or bacterial culture at 15 days was significantly less effective than repeated applications. However, phytohormones were better when supplied on young mycorrhizal plants at 15 days after sowing. However, maximum growth and nutrient uptake was reached in mycorrhizal plants supplied with PGPR culture filtrate in repeated treatments. A specific interaction between the tripartite plant-Rhizobium VAM symbiosis and the PGPR components can be inferred depending on time of application of bacterial fraction. 124 NAL Call. No.: QK475.T74 Growth and nutrition of nonmycorrhizal and mycorrhizal pitch pine (Pinus rigida) seedlings under phosphorus limitation. Cumming, J.R. Victoria [B.C.] Canada : Heron Pub.,; 1993 Sep. Tree physiology v. 13 (2): p. 173-187; 1993 Sep. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Pinus pinea; Growth; Plant nutrition; Phosphorus Abstract: The association of ectomycorrhizal fungi with tree roots enhances the acquisition of phosphorus (P) from the soil. In addition to increasing the uptake of H2PO4- (Pi), mycorrhizal fungi may increase the spectrum of P sources utilized by tree roots by mediating the dissolution of insoluble metallophosphate salts or the hydrolysis of organic P compounds. To investigate the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in enhancing P acquisition by tree roots, pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) seedlings were grown in sand culture with or without the ectomycorrhizal symbiont Pisolithus tinctorius Coker and Couch under various conditions of P limitation. Compared with nonmycorrhizal seedlings, seedlings inoculated with P. tinctorius exhibited a greater capacity to function under P limitation as evidenced by superior growth and the maintenance of normal foliar ion composition at low Pi concentrations. Nonmycorrhizal seedlings subjected to P- limiting conditions exhibited depressed K and P and elevated Na concentrations in foliage. The association of P. tinctorius with pitch pine seedling roots maintained foliar K concentrations and prevented the accumulation of Na under P limitation. Nonmycorrhizal seedlings were unable to obtain P from either solid AlPO4 or inositol hexaphosphate (IHP), whereas seedlings inoculated with P. tinctorius utilized AlPO4, but not IHP as a P source. Root surface acid phosphatase (APase) activity was depressed in roots infected with the mycorrhizal symbiont and was negatively correlated with seedling growth on all P sources. Root APase activity was negatively correlated with foliar P concentrations in seedlings grown on Pi, but was not correlated with foliar P concentrations in seedlings cultured with AlPO4 or IHP. 125 NAL Call. No.: SD13.C35 Growth and survival of shoots, roots, and mycorrhizal mycelium in clonal Sitka spruce during the first growing season after planting. Coutts, M.P.; Nicoll, B.C. Ottawa, Ont. : National Research Council of Canada; 1990 Jul. Canadian journal of forest research; Journal canadien de recherche forestiere v. 20 (7): p. 861-868. ill; 1990 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Picea sitchensis; Clones; Cuttings; Growth; Shoots; Roots; Mycelium; Mycorrhizal fungi; Thelephora terrestris; Laccaria 126 NAL Call. No.: 450 P692 Growth enhancement and developmental modifications of in vitro grown potato (Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum) as affected by a nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. Frommel, M.I.; Nowak, J.; Lazarovits, G. Rockville, Md. : American Society of Plant Physiologists; 1991 Jul. Plant physiology v. 96 (3): p. 928-936; 1991 Jul. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Solanum tuberosum; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Growth promoters; Plant development; Symbiosis; Tissue culture; Plant anatomy; Stems Abstract: A plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, designated Ps JN and isolated from onion roots, was identified as a nonfluorescent Pseudomonas sp. The percentage of similarity of Ps JN to P. gladioli (NCPPB 1891), P. cichorii (NCPPB 943), and P. viridiflava (NCPPB 635), as determined from 135 biochemical and physiological tests was 77, 70, and 66%, respectively. Ps JN persisted through successive generations of in vitro cultured potato plantlets, both as endophytic and epiphytic populations. In vitro inoculated potato (Solanum tuberosum) nodal explants produced plantlets with significant increases in root number (24-196%), root dry weight (44-201%), haulm dry weight (14-151%), and stem length (26-28%) as compared with noninoculated control plants. Bacterization also enhanced leaf hair formation (55-110%), secondary root branching, and total plant lignin content (43%). Other root colonizing bacteria or heat-killed cells of Ps JN had no significant effect on plant growth. Detached leaves from in vitro grown control plants, when exposed to 19 degrees C and 50% relative humidity, lost 55% of their moisture content in 2.5 hours. Moisture loss by leaves of in vitro grown, bacterized plants, as well as greenhouse-acclimated, bacterized plants, and control plants, was less than 20%. Changes in stomatal closure appear to account for this difference. 127 NAL Call. No.: 64.8 C883 Growth, morphological, and chemical component responses of tall fescue to Acremonium coenophialum. Hill, N.S.; Stringer, W.C.; Rottinghaus, G.E.; Belesky, D.P.; Parrott, W.A.; Pope, D.D. Madison, Wis. : Crop Science Society of America; 1990 Jan. Crop science v. 30 (1): p. 156-161; 1990 Jan. Includes references. Language: English Descriptors: Festuca arundinacea; Endophytes; Acremonium; Symbiosis; Genotypes; Phenotypes; Variations; Growth rate; Leaf area; Plant morphology; Chemical constituents of plants; Carbohydrates; Crop yield; Forage; Herbage Abstract: A symbiotic relationship exists between the endophytic fungus, Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). The response of the host plant to the endophyte has been studied by comparing infected or noninfected populations in the field or by an individual plant genotype in the greenhouse. The lack of a more tho