20/9/73 (Item 23 from file: 73)

07020939 EMBASE No: 1997310873

Depression of movement (MAC) does not indicate depression of nociception

during isoflurane anaesthesia in humans

Petersen‑Felix S.; Arendt‑Nielsen L.; Paloheimo M.; Curatolo M.; Zbinden

A.M.

S. Petersen‑Felix, Inst. Anaesthesiology Intensive Care, Inselspital,

Bern Switzerland

European Journal of Anaesthesiology ( EUR. J. ANAESTHESIOL. ) ( United

Kingdom ) 1997 , 14/1 (92‑93)

CODEN: EJANE ISSN: 0265‑0215

Document Type: Journal ; Conference Paper

Language: ENGLISH

Number Of References: 4

DRUG DESCRIPTORS:

* isoflurane‑‑clinical trial‑‑ct; *isoflurane‑‑drug concentration‑‑cr

inhalation anesthetic agent‑‑clinical trial‑‑ct; inhalation anesthetic

agent‑‑drug concentration‑‑cr

MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:

* inhalation anesthesia; *movement (physiology); *nociception

adult; clinical trial; concentration response; conference paper;

controlled study; crossover procedure; electrostimulation; female;

hemodynamics; human ; human experiment; inhalational drug administration;

male; minimum lung alveolus concentration; motor nerve; nerve

stimulation; normal human; randomized controlled trial; skin incision;

temporal summation; tibial nerve

CAS Registry Number: 26675‑46‑7 (isoflurane)

Drug Descriptors:

008 Neurology and Nerosurgery

024 Anesthesiology

037 Drug Literature Index

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20/9/244 (Item 194 from file: 73)

05406151 EMBASE No: 1993174250

Comparison of low concentrations of halothane and isoflurane as

bronchodilators

Brown R.H.; Zerhouni E.A.; Hirshman C.A.

Division of Physiology, J. Hopkins Hygiene/Public Hlth. Sch., 615 N.

Wolfe Street,Baltimore, MD 21205 United States

Anesthesiology ( ANESTHESIOLOGY ) ( United States ) 1993 , 78/6

(1097‑1101)

CODEN: ANESA ISSN: 0003‑3022

Document Type: Journal ; Article

Language: ENGLISH Summary Language: ENGLISH

Background: Although high concentrations of all currently used

inhalational anesthetics are thought to be good bronchodilators, studies

using traditional measures of airway tone fail to show differences in

airway responsiveness during halothane, enflurance, and isoflurane use.

Using a more sensitive technique, the authors compared the ability of

halothane and isoflurane to dilate histamine‑constricted airways at

equivalent MAC concentrations. Methods: Responses of

histamine‑constricted individual airways to increasing doses of halothane

and isoflurane were directly measured using high‑resolution computed

tomography (HRCT). Fifteen studies were performed in five dogs. All dogs

were initially anesthetized with thiopental 15 mg/kg followed by a 10‑mg

‑ kgsup ‑sup 1 ‑ hsup ‑sup 1 maintenance dose. Following tracheal

intubation, the lungs were mechanically ventilated (15 ml/kg, 15 bpm).

The airways were constricted with intravenous histamine 200 mug/min. On

alternate days, the dogs subsequently received increasing concentrations

of either halothane or isoflurane (0.6, 1.1, and 1.7 MAC). On a separate

day, the dogs received atropine 0.2 mg/kg after the histamine infusion

and the study was repeated. Results: Histamine decreased airway area 34

+/‑ 2.5% (mean +/‑ SEM). All preconstricted airways showed a significant

dose‑dependent dilation to halothane and isoflurane at concentrations of

0.6, 1.1, and 1.7 MAC. Halothane significantly dilated airways to a

greater extent than isoflurane at 0.6 and 1.1 MAC (P < 0.001). This

effect was most pronounced in airways less than 3 mm in diameter. At 1.7

MAC, there was no significant difference between the two agents (P =

0.42). Atropine (0.2 mg/kg) reversed the airway constriction elicited by

intravenous histamine. The histamine‑preconstricted airways area

increased 370 +/‑ 34% (P < 0.0001) after atropine. Conclusions: Halothane

and isoflurane dilate histamine‑ constricted airways in a dose‑dependent

manner. However, at low concentrations, halothane was a more effective

bronchodilator than isoflurane at equivalent MAC doses.

Manufacturer Names: anaquest/United States; ayerst/United States

DRUG DESCRIPTORS:

* halothane‑‑drug comparison‑‑cm; *halothane‑‑drug dose‑‑do;

*halothane‑‑drug interaction‑‑it; *halothane‑‑pharmacology‑‑pd;

*isoflurane‑‑drug comparison ‑‑cm; *isoflurane‑‑drug dose‑‑do;

*isoflurane‑‑drug interaction‑‑it; * isoflurane‑‑pharmacology‑‑pd

atropine‑‑drug interaction‑‑it; histamine‑‑drug interaction‑‑it;

thiopental

MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:

* bronchodilatation; *inhalation anesthesia

animal experiment; article; computer assisted tomography; dog; dose

response; endotracheal intubation; inhalational drug administration; lung

vasoconstriction; lung ventilation; minimum lung alveolus concentration;

nonhuman; priority journal

CAS Registry Number: 151‑67‑7, 66524‑48‑9 (halothane); 26675‑46‑7

(isoflurane); 51‑55‑8, 55‑48‑1 (atropine); 51‑45‑6, 56‑92‑8, 93443‑21‑1

(histamine); 71‑73‑8, 76‑75‑5 ( thiopental)

Drug Descriptors:

002 Physiology

024 Anesthesiology

037 Drug Literature Index

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20/9/281 (Item 231 from file: 73)

03184730 EMBASE No: 1986117307

The influence of isoflurane on respiratory mechanics

DER EINFLUSS VON ISOFLURAN AUF DIE ATEMMECHANIK

Pasch T.; Kamp H.D.; Grimm H.; et al.

Institut fur Anasthesiologie der Universitat Erlangen‑ Nurnberg, 8520

Erlangen Germany

Anasthesie Intensivtherapie Notfallmedizin ( ANASTH. INTENSIVTHER.

NOTF.MED. ) ( Germany ) 1986 , 20/1 (1‑4)

CODEN: AINND

Document Type: Journal

Language: GERMAN Summary Language: ENGLISH

DRUG DESCRIPTORS:

* enflurane; *halothane; *isoflurane; *nitrous oxide

MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:

* airway resistance; *anesthesia; *drug efficacy; *lung compliance; *lung

mechanics; *pharmacokinetics

artificial ventilation; asthma; breathing; chronic obstructive lung

disease ; inhalational drug administration; human; central nervous

system; respiratory system; therapy; clinical article

CAS Registry Number: 13838‑16‑9 (enflurane); 151‑67‑7, 66524‑48‑9

(halothane); 26675‑46‑7 ( isoflurane); 10024‑97‑2 (nitrous oxide)

Drug Descriptors:

037 Drug Literature Index

024 Anesthesiology

015 Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis

030 Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology

reserved.

20/9/283 (Item 233 from file: 73)

02649343 EMBASE No: 1984168301

Isoflurane‑induced hypotension does not cause impairment in pulmonary gas

exchange

Nicholas J.F.; Lam A.M.

Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital, London, Ont. N6A 5A5

Canada

Canadian Anaesthetists Society Journal ( CAN. ANAESTH. SOC. J. ) ( Canada

) 1984 , 31/4 (352‑358)

CODEN: CANJA

Document Type: Journal

Language: ENGLISH Summary Language: FRENCH

Induced hypotension during anaesthesia can result in deterioration in gas

exchange with increases in intrapulmonary shunting and physiological dead

space. Cardiovascular stability has been previously demonstrated with

isoflurane‑induced hypotension but the effects on gas exchange have not

been carefully studied. We have examined the shunt fraction (Q.S/Q.T) and

physiological deadspace to tidal volume ration (VD/VT) before, during and

following deliberate hypotension in twelve patients. Group I (n = 6)

received an isoflurane‑oxygen‑air mixture with an FIOinf 2 of 0.5 while

Group II (n = 6) received an isolfurane‑oxygen mixture with an FIOinf 2

of 1.0. Mean blood pressure was reduced from 76 +/‑ 2 mmHg to 47 +/‑ 2

mmHg in the combined group. Neither Q.S/Q.T nor VD/VT changed

significantly during the hypotension state in either group. We conclude

that isoflurance induced hypotension is associated with minimal pulmonary

derangement.

DRUG DESCRIPTORS:

* diazepam; *fentanyl; *isoflurane; *lidocaine; *suxamethonium;

*thiopental

MEDICAL DESCRIPTORS:

* drug efficacy; *hypotension; *lung gas exchange

lung dead space; lung shunting; inhalational drug administration; human;

normal human; cardiovascular system; respiratory system; human experiment

CAS Registry Number: 439‑14‑5 (diazepam); 437‑38‑7 (fentanyl); 26675‑46‑7

(isoflurane); 137‑58‑6 , 24847‑67‑4, 56934‑02‑2, 73‑78‑9 (lidocaine);

306‑40‑1, 71‑27‑2 ( suxamethonium); 71‑73‑8, 76‑75‑5 (thiopental)

Drug Descriptors:

037 Drug Literature Index

024 Anesthesiology

030 Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology

015 Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis

018 Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery

reserved.

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1 2001 The Dialog Corporation