"Information resources on elephants"

Reproductive

Mellifluous matures to malodorous in musth. Rasmussen, L.E.L.; Riddle, H.S.; Krishnamurthy, V. Nature, Feb. 28, 2002, v. 415 (6875), p. 975-976. ISSN: 0028-0836.

NAL Call no: 472 N21

Descriptors: elephant physiology, sex attractants, sex behavior, ketones.

Utility of maternal serum total testosterone analysis for fetal gender determination in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Duer, Connie; Carden, Melissa; Schmitt, Dennis; Tomasi, Thomas. Animal Reproduction Science, Jan. 23, 2002, v. 69 (1-2), p. 47-52. ISSN: 0378-4320.

NAL call no: QP251.A5

Descriptors: blood, sex determination, pregnancy, testosterone blood.

Demonstration of 2-unsaturated C19-steroids in the urine of female Asian elephants, Elephas maximus, and their dependence on ovarian activity. Dehnhard, M.; Heistermann, M.; Goritz, F.; Hermes, R.; Hildebrandt, T.; Haber, H. Reproduction, 2001, v. 121 (3), p. 475-484. ref. ISSN: 1470-1626.

NAL call no: QP251.J75

Descriptors: androsterone, oestrus cycle, pheromones, steroid hormones, elephants.

Guidelines for veterinary assistance during the reproductive process in female elephants. Schaftenaar, Willem; Hildebrandt, Thomas B.; Flugger, Michael; Goeritz, Frank; Schmitt, Dennis; West, Gary. Proceedings American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians, Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians, and National Association of Zoo and Wildlife Veterinarians, Sept. 18-23, 2001, i-xx, 1-411 p. Chapter pagination: 348-355.

NAL call no: SF605.A4

Descriptors: treatment techniques, reproductive techniques, guidelines.

Macroscopic changes in the mucous membrane of vaginal vestibule during the estrous cycle of female Asian elephant. Doi, O.; Yamada, T.; Terazono, M.; Wada, S.; Akihisa, N.; Sakamoto, H.; Hamazaki, T.; Yanagimoto, H.; Nakano, K.; Matsuoka, K.; Ito, A.; Iwahashi, N.; Mizuno, A.; Kusunoki, H. Japanese Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Sept. 2001, v. 6 (2), p. 55-59. ref. ISSN: 1342-6133.

Language: Japanese.

Descriptors: mucosa, oestrus cycle, progesterone, vagina, vulva.

Source and cyclic release pattern of (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate, the pre-ovulatory pheromone of the female Asian elephant. Rasmussen, L.E.L. Chemical Senses, Jul. 2001, v. 26 (6), p. 611-623. ref. ISSN: 0379-864X.

NAL call no: QP456.C5

Descriptors: acetates-esters, sex pheromones, sexual behavior, flehmen, Elephas.

Analysis of musth episodes in captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Prasad, A.; Dinesh, M.T.; Hareesh, P.S.; Biju, S.; Harikumar, S.; Saseendran, P.C. Zoos’, 2000, v. 15 (9), p. 322-327. ref.

Descriptors: breeding season, reproductive behavior, males, sexual maturity.

Cracking the chemical signal code of elephant reproductive behavior. Rasmussen, L.E.L. Advances in Ethology, 2000, (35), p. 14-16. ISSN: 0931-4202.

NAL call no: 410 Z35B

Descriptors: behavior, reproductive system, musth episodes, estrous cyclicity.

Demonstration of 2-unsaturated C-19 steroids in urine of the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus, and its dependence on gonadal activity. Dehnhard, M.; Heistermann, M.; Goritz, F.; Hermes, R.; Hildebrandt, T.B.; Ochs, A.; Strauss, G.; Weisgerber, C.; Haber, H. Advances in Ethology, 2000, (35), p. 81. ISSN: 0931-4202.

NAL call no: 410 Z35B

Descriptors: endocrine system, reproductive system, ovary, urine.

Effects of various extenders and egg yolk on Asian elephant semen cooled to 5 degrees C. Graham, Laura H.; Bando, Jenn; Gray, Charlie; Buhr, Mary M. Biology of Reproduction, 2000, v. 62 (Suppl. 1), p. 321-322. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: egg yolk, reproductive system, semen, artificial insemination.

Evaluation of sperm acrosome reaction in the Asiatic elephant. Kitiyanant, Y.; Schmidt, M.J.; Pavasuthipaisit, K. Theriogenology, Mar. 2000, v. 53 (4), p. 887-896. ref. ISSN: 0093-691X.

NAL call no: QP251.A1T5

Descriptors: spermatozoa, semen characteristics, Elephas maximus, acrosome.

Exfoliative cytology in vaginal vestibule of female Asian elephants: Relation to circulating progesterone concentrations. Doi, O.; Komatsumoto, M.; Terazono, M.; Wada, S.; Akihisa, N.; Sakamoto, H.; Hamasaki, T.; Yanagimoto, H.; Nakano, K.; Matsuoka, K.; Ito, A.; Kusunoki, H.; Nakamura, T. Zoological Science, 2000, v. 17 (9), p. 1303-1309. ref. ISSN: 0289-0003.

NAL call no: QL1.Z68

Descriptors: cytology, dioestrus, metoestrus, smears, vagina, progesterone.

A postcryogenic comparison of membrane fatty acids of elephant spermatozoa. Swain, Jason E.; Miller, Robert R. Jr. Zoo Biology, 2000, v. 19 (5), p. 461-473. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: cryogenic spermatozoa freezing, storage method, comparison method.

Reproductive endocrine monitoring of elephants: An essential tool for assisting captive management. Brown, J.L. Zoo Biology, 2000, v. 19 (5), p. 347-367. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: endocrine monitoring, elephants, captive management.

Ultrasonography of the urogenital tract in elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus): An important tool for assessing male reproductive function. Hildebrandt, Thomas B.; Hermes, Robert; Pratt, Nancy C.; Fritsch, Guido; Blottner, Steffen; Schmitt, Dennis L.; Ratanakorn, Parntep; Brown, Janine L.; Rietschel, Wolfram; Goeritz, Frank. Zoo Biology, 2000, v. 19 (5), p. 333-345. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: care in captivity, ultrasonography of male urogenital tract.

Calving elephants (normal). Schmidt, M.J.; Fowler, M.E. (Ed.); Miller, R.E. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine: Current Therapy 4, 1999 Ed., i-xxiii, 1-747 p. Chapter pagination: 522-525. W.B. Saunders; Philadelphia. ISBN: 0721686648.

NAL call no: SF996.Z66 1999

Descriptors: pregnancy, parturition, Elephas maximus, Loxodonta africana.

Dystocia in the elephant. Foerner, J.J.; Fowler, M.E. (Ed.); Miller, R.E. Zo o and Wild Animal Medicine: Current Therapy 4, 1999 Ed. 4, 522-525. ref. W. Saunders, Philadelphia. ISBN: 0721686648.

NAL call no: SF996.Z66 1999

Descriptors: dystocia, parturition, fetal death, complications.

Hormone secretion in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus): Characterization of ovulatory and anovulatory luteinizing hormone surges. Brown, J.L.; Schmitt, D.L.; Bellem, A.; Graham, L.H.; Lehnhardt, J. Biology of Reproduction, Nov. 1999, v. 61 (5), p. 1294-1299. ref. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: Elephas maximus, progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, blood serum.

Use of oxytocin for birth assistance in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). A case report. Flugger, M. Erkrankungen der Zootiere, 1999, v. 39, p. 59-62. ISSN: 0138-5003.

NAL call no: SF996.I5

Descriptors: treatment techniques, delayed parturition assistance, oxytocin, birth.

Captive breeding and infant mortality in Asian elephants: A comparison between twenty western zoos and three eastern elephant centers. Taylor, V.J.; Poole, T.B. Zoo Biology, 1998, v. 17 (4), p. 311-332. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: reproductive efficiency, calving rate, stillbirths, conception rate.

Chemical signals in the reproduction of Asian (Elephas maximus) and African (Loxodonta africana) elephants. Rasmussen, L.E.L.; Schulte, B.A. Animal Reproduction Science, Oct. 1998, v. 53 (1-4), p. 19-34. ISSN: 0378-4320.

NAL call no: QP251.A5

Descriptors: reproductive behavior, chemical signals, communication, review.

Endocrinology of the ovarian cycle and pregnancy in the Asian (Elephas maximus) and African (Loxodonta africana) elephant. Hodges, J.K. Animal Reproduction Science, Oct. 1998, v. 53 (1-4), p. 3-18. ISSN: 0378-4320.

NAL call no: QP251.A5

Descriptors: ovarian cycle, pregnancy, birth, hormone concentrations, review.

Manual collection and characterization of semen from Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Schmitt, D.L.; Hildebrandt, T.B. Animal Reproduction Science, Oct.1998, v. 53 (1-4), p. 309-314. ref. ISSN: 0378-4320.

NL call no: QP251.A5

Descriptors: ejaculate volume, ejaculation, semen, techniques, seminal plasma.

Plasma concentrations of immunoreactive relaxin activity and progesterone in the pregnant Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Niemuller, C.A.; Gray, C.; Cummings, E.; Liptrap, R.M. Animal Reproduction Science, Oct.1998, v. 53 (1-4), p. 119-131. ref. ISSN: 0378-4320.

NAL call no: QP251.A5

Descriptors: relaxin, progesterone, pregnancy, abortion, gestation period.

Reproductive assessment of male elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus) by ultrasonography. Hildebrandt, Thomas B.; Goeritz, Frank; Pratt, Nancy C.; Schmitt, Dennis L.; Quandt, Sybille; Raath, Jacobus; Hofmann, Reinhold. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Jun. 1998, v. 29 (2), p. 114-128. ISSN: 1042-7260.

NAL call no: SF601.J6

Descriptors: transrectal ultrasonography, diagnostic method, reproductive system.

Status and reproductive capacity of the Asian elephant in zoos and circuses in Europe. Schmid, Jeannette. International Zoo News, Sept. 1998, v. 45 (6), p. 341-351; No. 287. ISSN: 0020-9155.

NAL call no: QL76.I58

Descriptors: breeding programs, fertility, reproductive capacity, Elephas maximus.

Study on the courtship-mating behavior of Asian elephant. Sai, Daojian; Chen, ZhaoBo; Zhang, JiZhong (et-al); Sai, D.J.; Chen, Z.B.; ZhangJ.Z. Chinese Journal of Zoology, Dec. 1998, v. 33 (6), p. 28-31. ref. ISSN: 0250-3263.

Language: Chinese.

NAL call no: QL1.T8

Descriptors: mating behavior, Elephas maximus.

Utility of serum progesterone and prolactin analysis for assessing reproductive status in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Carden, M.; Schmitt, D.; Tomasi, T.; Bradford, J.; Moll, D.; Brown, J. Animal Reproduction Science, Oct. 1998, v. 53 (1-4), p. 133-142. ref.

NAL call no: QP251.A5

Descriptors: progesterone, prolactin, blood, oestrus cycle, sexual behavior.

Chemical manipulation of delayed parturition in captive Asiatic elephant at Mysore Zoo. Raju, R.; Rao, B.S.G.; Khadri, S.M.; Asha, D. Indian Forester, Oct.1997, v. 123 (10), p. 910-916. ref. ISSN: 0019-4816.

NAL call no: 99.8 In2

Descriptors: parturition, complications, case reports, oxytocin, Elephas maximus.

Evaluation of progesterone and 20-oxo-progestagens in the plasma of Asian (Elephas maximus) and African (Loxodonta africana) elephants. Schwarzenberger, F.; Strauss, G.; Hoppen, H.O.; Schaftenaar, W.; Dieleman, S.J.; Zenker, W.; Pagan, O. Zoo Biology, 1997, v. 16 (5), p. 403-413. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: blood plasma, progesterone, metabolites, estrus cycle, pregnancy.

Modern housing facilities for breeding of elephants in Sri Venkateswara Zoological Park, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. Kumar, S.V.; Raghavaiah, P.S. Indian Forester, Oct. 1997, v. 123 (10), p. 924-928. ISSN: 0019-4816.

NAL call no: 99.8 In2

Descriptors: breeding, diet, bathing, housing facilities, elephants.

Pregnancy determination in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus): A change in the plasma progesterone to 17 alpha hydroxyprogesterone ratio. Niemuller, C.A.; Shaw, H.J.; Hodges, J.K. Zoo Biology, 1997,v. 16 (5), p. 415-426. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: pregnancy, progesterone, diagnosis, bioassays, Elephas maximus.

Purification, identification, concentration and bioactivity of (Z)-7-dodecen-lyl acetate: Sex pheromone of the female Asian elephant, Elephas maximus. Rasmussen, L.E. L.; Lee, T.D.; Zhang, A.; Roelofs, W.L.; Daves, G.D.Jr. Chemical Senses, Aug. 1997, v. 22 (4), p. 417-437. ISSN: 0379-864X.

NAL call no: QP456.C5

Descriptors: dodecanol isolation and purification, es trus metabolism, estrus urine.

Secretory patterns of serum prolactin in Asian (Elephas maximus) and African (Loxodonta africana) elephants during different reproductive states: Comparison with concentrations in a noncycling African elephant. Brown, Janine L.; Lehnhardt, John. Zoo Biology, 1997, v. 16 (2), p. 149-159. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: plasma, hormones, mammary glands, lactation status, ovary.

Sexual selection in Asian elephants. Tiedemann, R. Science, Nov. 28, 1997, v. 278 (5343), p. 1550-1551. ISSN: 0036-8075.

NAL call no: 470 SCI2

Descriptors: sex behavior, anatomy, histology, physiology.

Ultrasonography and pathology of genital tract leiomyomas in captive Asian elephants: Implications for reproductive soundness. Montali, R.J.; Hildebrandt, T.; Goritz, F.; Hermes, R.; Ippen, R.; Ramsay, E. Erkrankungen der Zootiere: Verhandlungsbericht des 38. Internationalen Symposium uber die Erkrankungen der Zoo- und Wildtiere von 7 bis May 11, 1997, p 253-259. ref.

NAL call no: SF996.I5

Descriptors: neoplasms, uterine diseases, ultrasonic diagnosis, uterus, pathology.

Artificial insemination (AI) of an Asian elephant, Elephas maximus. Hildebrandt, T.S.; Goritz, F.; Pratt, N.C.; Lehnhardt, J.L.; Brown, J.L.; Howard, J.G.; Schmitt, D.L.; Cambre, R.C.; Montali, R.J. Elephant and Man. Workshop on Management of Captive Elephants, Sept. 7-9, 1996. i-iii, 1-78 p. Chapter pagination: 74-75.

Descriptors: artificial insemination, procedure, description, potential.

Captive breeding of Asian elephants in Myanmar: An analysis of the reproductive parameters of domestic female elephants of the Union of Myanmar. Mar, K.U. Tigerpaper, Oct./Dec. 1996, v. 23 (4), p. 6-13. FAO Accession No: XF98:378457. ISSN: 1014-2789.

NAL call no: QL84.5.A1T53

Descriptors: captivity, animal breeding, reproductive performance, elephants.

Further investigations on the ovarian cycle of the Asiatic elephant in Berlin-Friedrichsfelde Zoo. Strauss, Gunter. Milu,1996, v. 9 (1), p. 51-56. ISSN: 0076-8839.

Language: German.

Descriptors: hormones, progesterone profiles, ovary, ovarian cycle, captivity.

Management of Asian elephants for breeding and artificial insemination. Schmitt, Dennis; Carden, Melissa; Bradford, John; Tomassi, Tom. American Zoo and Aquarium Association Regional Conference Proceedings, 1996, p. 788-789. ISSN: 1088-0402.

NAL call no: QL76.5.U6A47

Descriptors: reproductive techniques, breeding management, artificial insemination.

Reproduction of working elephants in Myanmar. Mar, Khyne U.; Kurt, Fred; Nyunt, Thaung; Myint, Aung, Elephant and Man. Workshop on Management of Captive Elephants, Sept. 7-9, 1996. i-iii, 1-78 p. Chapter pagination: 26-37. Schaller, K.; Ziegler, Christel.

Language: German.

Descriptors: reproductive behavior, breeding productivity, offspring number.

Reproductive performance of captive Asian elephants in Myanmar. Schmidt, Michael J.; Mar, Khyne U. Gajah, Jul. 1996, v. 16, p. 34-42. ISSN: 1391-1996.

NAL call no: QL737.P98G34

Descriptors: reproduction, captive breeding and rearing, review.

Testosterone secretion, musth behavior and social dominance in captive male Asian elephants living near the equator. Lincoln, G.A.; Ratnasooriya, W.D. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Sept. 1996, v. 108 (1), p. 107-113. ref. ISSN: 0022-4521.

NAL call no: 448.8 J8222

Descriptors: testosterone, aggressive behavior, androgens, elephants.

Determination of sex hormone-binding globulin in the male Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) during nonmusth and musth. Dickerman, R.D.; Zachariah, N.Y.; McConathy, W.J. Clinical Chemistry, 1995, v. 41 (S6 Part 2), p. S162. ISSN: 0009-9147.

NAL call no: 396.8 C61

Descriptors: aggression, behavior, clinical chemistry, temporal gland secretion.

Electroejaculation and semen characteristics in Myanmar timber elephants. Mar, Khyne U.; Maung, M.; Thein, M.; Khaing, A.T.; Tun, W.; Nyunt, T. A Week With Elephants: Proceedings of the International Seminar on the Conservation of Asian Elephant, June 1993. Oxford University Press, N.Y. 1995: i-vii, 1-535 p. viii-xi. Chapter pagination: 473-482. ISBN: 0195638506.

NAL call no: QL737.P98I67 1995

Descriptors: semen collection, gametes, reproductive system, electroejaculation.

Elephants and their hormone balance. Schaftenaar, Willem. Dieren, May/Jun. 1995, v. 12 (1), p. 4-9. ISSN: 0168-6631.

Language: Dutch.

Descriptors: reproductive techniques, breeding techniques, hormones.

Estrus cycle and pregnancy in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) . Magunna, Christian. Thesis. Hannover, 1995. 117 p. ill. ref.

Language: German with summary in English.

NAL call no: DISS. F1995191

Descriptors: estrus cycle, pregnancy, Elephas maximus, thesis.

Length of reproduction cycle in Asian elephants. Palm, M. Svensk Veterinaertidning, Sept. 1995, v. 47 (12), p. 519-521. ref. ISSN: 0346-2250.

Language: Swedish.

NAL call no: 41.9 SV23

Descriptors: oestrous cycle, daylight, biological rhythms, elephants.

Serum and urinary hormones during pregnancy and the peri- and postpartum period in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Brown, J.L.; Lehnhardt, J. Zoo Biology, 1995, v. 14 (6), p. 555-564. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: Elephas maximus, progesterone, prolactin, pregnancy, urine, blood serum.

Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) milk composition during the first 280 days of lactation. Mainka, S.A.; Cooper, R.M.; Black, S.R.; Dierenfeld, E.S. Zoo Biology, 1994, v. 13 (4), p. 389-393. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: milk composition, lactation stage, variation, Elephas maximus.

Chemosensory responses of female Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) to cyclohexanone. Perrin, T.E.; Rasmussen, L.E.L. Journal of Chemical Ecology, Nov. 1994, v. 20 (11), p. 2857-2881. ref. ISSN: 0098-0331.

NAL call no: QD415.A1J6

Descriptors: glands animal, secretions, responses, flehmen, Elephas maximus.

Choices for elephant programs in North American zoos. Sheng, Y. Sherry; Haight, Jay; Schmidt, Michael. American Zoo and Aquarium Association Annual Conference Proceedings, 1994, p. 376-379.

NAL call no: QL76.5.U6A472

Descriptors: breeding programs, semen collection, artificial insemination, research.

Collection of semen in an Asian elephant by artificial vagina. Marion, Sioux. Animal Keepers’ Forum, Mar. 1994, v. 21 (3), p. 118. ISSN: 0164-9531.

NAL call no: QL77.5.A54

Descriptors: semen collection, artificial vagina, elephant.

Determination of reproductive cyclicity and pregnancy in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) by rapid radioimmunoassay of serum progesterone. Olsen, J.H.; Chen, C.L.; Boules, M.M.; Morris, L.S.; Coville, B.R. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Sept. 1994, v. 25 (3), p. 349-354. ref. ISSN: 1042-7260

NAL call no: SF601.J6

Descriptors: radioimmunoassay, oestrous cycle, progesterone, elephants, pregnancy.

The oestrus cycle of the Asian and African elephants, Elephas maximus and Loxodonta africana. Techniques to monitor reproduction of females in captivity. Plouzeau, E.; Da Cunha, S.; Shaw, H.J. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire. Dec. 1994, v. 145 (12), p. 905-911. ref. ISSN: 0035-1555.

Language: French.

NAL call no: 41.8 R32

Descriptors: females, sexual reproduction, oestrus cycle, blood plasma, elephants.

Oocyte recovery and in-vitro hormone secretion from ovarian tissue of an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Turczynski, C.J.; Mau, Y.H.; Bryant, W.; Renner, M.; Davis, J.S.; May, J.V. Biology of Reproduction, 1994, v. 50 (Suppl. 1), p. 83. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: cell biology, metabolism, reproductive system, Elephas maximus.

Breeding elephants in captivity. Schmidt, Michael J. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine: Current Therapy 3^rd edition, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. 1993, i-xxv, 1-617 p. Chapter pagination: 445-448. Fowler, M.E. (Ed.).

NAL call no: SF996.Z66

Descriptors: care in captivity, bull management, reproductive techniques.

Castration of the elephant. Olsen, John H.; Byron, H.T, Jr. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine: Current Therapy 3^rd edition. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. 1993, i-xxv, 1-617 p. Chapter pagination: 441-444. Fowler, M.E. (Ed).

NAL call no: SF996.Z66

Descriptors: surgical techniques, testis, castration methods, review.

Female to male sex pheromones of low volatility in the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus. Rasmussen, L.E.L.; Lee, T.D.; Daves, G.D. Jr.; Schmidt, M.J. Journal of Chemical Ecology, Oct. 1993, v. 19 (10), p. 2115-2128. ref. ISSN: 0098-0331.

NAL call no: QD415.A1J6

Descriptors: sex pheromones, preovulatory period, estrus, indoles, Elephas maximus.

Non-invasive monitoring of ovarian function in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) by measurement of urinary 5beta-pregnanetriol. Niemuller, C.A.; Shaw, H.J.; Hodges, J.K. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Nov.1993, v. 99 (2), p. 617-625. ref. ISSN: 0022-4251. ref.

NAL call no: 442.8 J8222

Descriptors: blood, urine, oestrus cycle, progesterone, detection, elephants.

Oestrus and pregnancy detection by flehmen-like responses of Asian bull elephants to urine samples of Asian female elephants. Diephuis, E.P. Zoologische Garten, Aug.1993, v. 63 (4), p. 235-245. ref. ISSN: 0044-5169.

NAL call no: 410 Z724

Descriptors: pregnancy diagnosis. Phermones, females, urine, detection.

Attempts to monitor oestrus and pregnancy in Indian elephants by urine testing. Hagenbeck, D. Thesis, 1992, 66 p., 33 ref. Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover, Germany.

Language: German.

Descriptors: reproductive physiology, oestrogens, progesterone, elephants.

The labor, birth, and post delivery management of an Asian elephant and her calf. Wallace, Carolee; Doyle, Chuck. American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Annual Proceedings, 1992. p. 104-109. ISSN: 0095-0610.

NAL call no: SF605.A4

Descriptors: care in captivity, birth and post delivery management, birth.

The monitoring of oestrus cycle and pregnancy in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Hagenbeck, Dorothea. Thesis. Hannover, 1992, 66 p. ill. ref.

Language: German with summary in English.

NAL call no: DISS. 1992266

Descriptors: oestrus cycle, pregnancy, monitoring, Elephas maximus, thesis.

Ovarian cycle influence in the Asian elephant, Elephas maximus. Turczynski, C.J.; Pernikoff, D.; Garcia, R.; Gross, T.S.; Kraemer, D.C. Biology of Reproduction, 1992, v. 46 (Suppl. 1), p. 95. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: biochemical studies, sterols, steroids, Elephas maximus.

Serum testosterone levels of Sri Lankan female elephants, Elephas maximus maximus. Ratnasooriya, W.D.; Fernando, S.B.U.; Manatunga, A.M.V.R. Medical Science Research, 1992, v. 20 (2), p. 79-80. ISSN: 0269-8951.

Descriptors: estrus cycle, captivity, endocrine system, gonads.

Thrombocytosis: A possible signal of conception in elephants? Ratnasooriya, W.D.; Liyanage, G.K.; Caldera, H.S.; Premakumara, G.A.S.; Manatunga, A.M.V.R.; Fernando, S.B.U. Medical Science Research, 1992, v. 20 (21), p. 801-802. ISSN: 0269-8951.

Descriptors: blood and lymphatics, reproductive system, pregnancy.

An unusual compound and further characterization of a preovulatory pheromone of Asian elephants, Elephas maximus. Rasmussen, Bets; Davies, G.Doyle; Lee, Terry D. Chemical Senses, 1992, v. 17 (5), p. 687-688. ISSN: 0379-864X.

NAL call no: QP456.C5

Descriptors: biochemistry, molecular biophysics, endocrine system, sense organs.

Altered androstenedione to testosterone ratios and LH concentrations during musth in captive male Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Niemuller, C.A.; Liptrap, R.M. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Jan.1991, v. 91 (1), p. 139-146. ref. ISSN: 0022-4251.

NAL call no: 442.8 J8222

Descriptors: androstenedione, aggression, testosterone, elephants, behavior.

Concentrations of progesterone, testosterone and estradiol-17 beta in the serum during the estrous cycle of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Taya, K.; Komura, H.; Kondoh, M. Ogawa, Y.; Nakada, K.; Watanabe, G.; Sasamoto, S.; Tanabe, K.; Saito, K.; Tajima, H.; Narushima, E. Zoo Biology, 1991, v. 10 (4), p. 299-307. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: progesterone, testosterone, oestrogens, elephants, sex hormones.

Cyclic patterns of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, inhibin, and progesterone secretion in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Brown, J,L, ; Citino, S.E.; Bush, M.; Lehnhardt, J.; Phillips, L.G. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 1991, v. 22 (1), p. 49-57. ISSN: 1042-7260.

NAL call no: SF601.J6

Descriptors: cyclic functions, hormones, levels, changes, Elephas maximus.

Purification and initial characterization of a pre-ovulatory urinary hormone from female Asian elephants, Elephas maximus. Rasmussen, L.E.L.; Lee, T.D. Chemical Senses, 1991, v. 16 (5), p. 569-570. ISSN: 0379-864X.

NAL call no: QP456.C5

Descriptors: behavioral biology, animal behavior, endocrine system.

Chemical analysis of temporal gland secretions collected from an Asian bull elephant during a four-month musth episode. Rasmussen, L.E.L.; Hess, D.L.; Haight, J.D. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1990, v. 16 (7), p. 2167-2182. ISSN: 0098-0331.

NAL call no: QD415.A1J6

Descriptors: temporal glands, chemical communication, volatiles, secretions.

A comparative study of the sex hormones in plasma, urine and faeces in male and female Asiatic elephants (Elephas maximus). Diaz Samayoa de Aguirre, Laura. Thesis. Hannover, 1990, 145 p. ill. ref.

Language: German with an English summary.

NAL call no: 41.2 H198 1990 (no. 25)

Descriptors: sex hormones, plasma, urine, male, female, elephant, thesis.

Reproductive and hormonal changes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Mainka, S.A.; Lothrop, C.D. Jr. Zoo Biology, 1990, v. 9 (6), p. 411-419. ref. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: parturition, sex hormones, oestrous cycle, elephants, pregnancy.

Serum testosterone and musth in captive male African and Asian elephants. Cooper, K.A.; Harder, J.D.; Clawson, D.H.; Frederick, D.L.; Lodge, G.A.; Peachey, H.C.; Spellmire, T.J.; Winstel, D.P. Zoo Biology, 1990, v. 9 (4), p. 297-306. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: testosterone levels, musth, hormones, reproductive behavior.

The fine art of elephant breeding. Schmidt, M.J. Animal Kingdom, 1989, v. 92 (5), p. 44-51. ISSN: 0003-3537.

NAL call no: 410.9 N483B

Descriptors: housing and handling breeding males, artificial insemination, Elephas.

Anestrus in an Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus). Ruebel, A. Arbeitstaging der Zootieraerzte im deutschsprachigen Raum, 1988, p. 6-8. ISSN: 0722-8112.

Language: German.

Descriptors: oestrus cycle, progesterone, corpus luteum hormones, elephant.

Ovarian function in the elephant: Luteinizing hormone and progesterone cycles in African and Asian elephants. Plotka, E.D.; Seal, U.S.; Zarembka, F.R.; Simmons, L.G.; Teare, A.; Phillips, L.G.; Hinshaw, K.C.; Wood, D.G. Biology of Reproduction, Mar. 1988, v. 38 (2), p. 309-314. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: corpus luteum physiology, ovary physiology, LH blood, progesterone.

Reproductive anatomy of three nulliparous female Asian elephants the development of artificial breeding techniques. Balke, J.M.E.; Barker, I.K.; Hackenberger, M.K.; McManamon, R.; Boever, W.J. Zoo Biology, 1988, v. 7 (2), p. 99-114. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: artificial insemination, photograph fiberoptoscope, morphometrics.

Circulating hormones during pregnancy in the Asian and African elephants (Elephas maximus and Loxodonta africana): A diagnostic test based on the measurement of prolactin. Hodges, J.K.; McNeilly, A.S.; Hess, D.L. International Zoo Yearbook, 1987, v. 26, p. 285-289. ISSN: 0074-9664.

NAL call no: QL76.I5

Descriptors: captive breeding, estradiol, radioimmuno assay.

UFAW project to aid breeding of captive elephants. Anon. Ratel, 1987, v. 14 (6), p. 196. ISSN: 0305-1218.

NAL call no: QL77.5.R37

Descriptors: breeding techniques, reproductive condition, captive breeding methods.

Observations on unusual sexual behavior in elephants. Ramachandran, K.K. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 1985, v. 81 (3), p. 687-688. ISSN: 0006-6982.

NAL call no: 513 B63

Descriptors: reproductive behavior, male directed sexual activity, Elephas.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in elephant serum and temporal gland secretions. Rasmussen, L.E.; Buss, I.O.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J. Biology of Reproduction, 1984, v. 30 (2), p. 352-362. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: hormones, temporal gland secretions, testosterone levels, Elephas.

Reproductive cycle of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in captivity. Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, M.J. Biology of Reproduction, May 1983, v. 28 (4), p. 767-773. ref. ISSN: 0006-3363.

NAL call no: QL876.B5

Descriptors: reproductive cycle, captivity, Elephas maximus.

The thyroid activity of Asiatic elephants in Thailand. Pichaicharnarong, A.; Loypetjra, P.; Chaiyabutr, N.; Komonmena, V.; Usanakornkul, S.; Boonnamsiri, V.; Devakul. C. Acta Veterinaria. 1983, v. 33 (2-3), p. 73-80. ISSN: 0567-8315.

NAL c all no: 41.8 AC83

Descriptors: thyroid gland activity, hormones, sexual dimorphism, ageing, Elephas.

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of the Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus). Heath, E.; Jeyendran, R.S.; Graham, E.F. Anatomia Histologia Embryologia, 1983, v. 12 (3), p. 245-252. ref. ISSN: 0340-2096.

NAL call no: SF761.Z4

Descriptors: zoo animals, spermatozoa, elephants.

Asian bull elephants: Flehmen-like responses to extractable components in female elephant estrous urine, Elephas maximus. Rasmussen, L.E.; Schmidt, M.J.; Henneous, R.; Groves, D. Science, Jul. 9, 1982, v. 217 (4555), p. 159-162. ISSN: 0036-8075.

NAL call no: 470 SCI2

Descriptors: Asian bull, response, female estrous urine, Elephas maximus.

Elephant breeding- some scientific facts. Abeyratne, A.S. Loris, 1982, v. 16 (2), p. 91-93. ISSN: 0024-6514.

Descriptors: pregnancy, calving, ovarian cycle, aggressive behavior.

Studies on Asian elephant reproduction at the Washington Park Zoo. Schmidt, M.J. Zoo Biology, 1982, v. 1 (2), p. 141-147. ISSN: 0733-3188.

NAL call no: QL77.5.Z6

Descriptors: Breeding techniques, artificial insemination, evaluation, Elephas.

The estrous cycle of the Asian elephant. Schmidt, M.J.; Hess, D.L.; Schmidt, A. M.; Henneous, R.L.; Groves, D.A.; Haight, J.D. American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Annual Proceedings, 1981, p. 91-95. ISSN: 0095-0610.

NAL call no: SF605.A4

Descriptors: ovarian cycle, oestrus cycle, Elephas maximus.

Leptaden (VET) as a galactagogue in an elephant with deficient lactation. Short communication. Nambiar, M.O.R. Indian Veterinary Journal, Aug. 1981, v. 58 (8), p. 667-668. ref. ISSN: 0019-6479.

NAL call no: 41.8 IN2

Descriptors: deficient lactation, elephant, galactagogue, Leptaden (VET).

Monitoring the estrous cycle of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), using urinary estrogens. Ramsay, E.C.; Lasley, B.L.; Stabenfeldt, G.H. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 1981, v. 42 (2), p. 256-260. ISSN: 0002-9645.

NAL call no: 41.8 AM3A

Descriptors: reproductive techniques, urine, hormones, urinary estrogen.

Some aspects of behaviour and breeding biology of the Indian wild elephant. Mohammad-Ali, S. Tigerpaper, 1980, v. 7 (4), p. 9. ISSN: 1014-2789.

NAL call no: QL84.5.A1T53

Descriptors: breeding habits, breeding biology, Elephas maximus.

Cyclic release of luteinizing hormone and the effects of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone injection in Asiatic elephants. Chappel, S.C.; Schmidt, M. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 1979, v. 40 (3), p. 451-453. ISSN: 0002-9645.

NAL call no: 41.8 AM3A

Descriptors: hormones, cyclic functions, LH release, ovarian cycle, Elephas.

Duration of pregnancy in elephants. Sukumarapillay, K.R. Indian Veterinary Journal, 1979, v. 56 (1), p. 75. ISSN: 0019-6479.

NAL call no: 41.8 IN2

Descriptors: reproductive techniques, pregnancy, accurate diagnosis.

Certain biochemical constituents of seminal plasma of elephant (Elephas maximus). Jainudeen, M.R.; Fernando, S.T.; Sentheshanmuganathan, S. American Journal of Veterinary Research, Mar. 1972, v. 33 (3), p. 649-651. ref. ISSN: 0002-9645.

NAL call no: 41.8 AM3A

Descriptors: seminal plasma, biochemical constituents, Elephas maximus.

Observations on musth in the domesticated Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus). Jainudeen, M.R.; McKay, G.M.; Eisenberg, J.F. Mammalia, Jun. 1972, v. 36 (2), p. 247-161. ref.

NAL call no: 410 M31

Descriptors: musth, Asian elephant, observations.

Plasma testosterone levels in relation to musth and sexual activity in the male Asiatic elephant (Elephas maximus). Jainudeen, M.R.; Katongole, C.B.; Short, R.V. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Apr. 1972, v. 29 (1), p. 99-103. ref. ISSN: 0022-4251.

NAL call no: 442.8 J8222

Descriptors: testosterone levels, musth, sexual activity, Elephas maximus.

Oestrus cycle of the Asiatic elephant, Elephas maximus, in captivity. Jainudeen, M.R.; Eisenberg, J.F.; Tilakeratne, N. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Dec. 1971, v. 27 (3), p. 321-328. ref. ISSN: 0022-4251.

NAL call no: 442.8 J8222

Descriptors: oestrus cycle, Asiatic elephant, captivity.

Return to: Contents | Top of Chapter | Top of Document