2004


Ali Vehmas, T.; Moisander, A.M.; Soini, H.  Yleiskatsaus mykobakterioosien esiintymisesta ja Suomen tilanteesta.  [Mycobacteriosis - a review and survey in Finland.]  Suomen Elainlaakarilehti.  2004; 110(2): 79-84.  ISSN:  0039-5501.  Note:  In Finnish with an English summary.
NAL Call No.:  41.8 F49
Descriptors:  pigs, humans, bacterial diseases, disease surveys, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium avium complex, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, epidemiology, diagnosis, drug therapy, isoniazid, rifampicin, zoonoses, Finland.

Amemori, T.; Matlova, L.; Fischer, O.A.; Ayele, W.Y.; Machackova, M.; Gopfert, E.; Pavlik, I.  Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the gastrointestinal tract of shedding cows and its application to laparoscopic biopsy.  Veterinarni Medicina.  2004; 49(7): 225-236.  ISSN:  0375-8427.
URL:  http://vetmed.vri.cz/
NAL Call No.:  41.9 C333
Descriptors:  cattle, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, sampling of 10 areas of gastrointestinal tract, distribution of bacteria, jejunum mucosa, to the ileocecal valve, in the lymph nodes from jejunum to the cecum, laproscopy for sampling unsuccessful.

Amonsin, A.; Li, L.L.; Zhang, Q.; Bannantine, J.P.; Motiwala, A.S.; Sreevatsan, S.; Kapur, V.  Multilocus short sequence repeat sequencing approach for differentiating among Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  2004; 42(4): 1694-1702.  ISSN:  0095-1137.
URL:  http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/4/1694
NAL Call No.:  QR46.J6
Descriptors:  cattle and sheep isolates, 33 Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates, bacterial cattle disease, Johne’s disease, genotyping, 20 multilocus short sequence repeat (MLSSR) types, 11 polymorphic short sequence repeats (SSRs), genome analysis, genomes, genotypes, loci, molecular biology, molecular genetics, MLSSR results in easy, reproducible and high resolution subtyping.

Anderton, Matthew C.; Bhakta, Sanjib; Patrick, Anna L.; Sim, Edith.  Characterisation of the putative operon containing arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) in mycobacteria.  Drug Metabolism Reviews.  2004; 36(Suppl. 1): 161.  ISSN:  0360-2532.  Note:  7th International Meeting of the International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics, Vancouver, BC, Canada; August 29-September 02, 2004.
NAL Call No.:  RM301.D73
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, arylamine N-acetyltransferase, operons, drug therapy.

Andrews, A.H.  Colostrum - not just for 24 hours.  Cattle Practice.  2004; 12(2): 121-124.  ISSN:  0969-1251.
NAL Call No.:  SF961.C37
Descriptors:  calves, nutrition colostrum feeding, intestinal lining exposed to local immunoglobulins that attach to endothelial receptors, block ability of pathogens to attach, and reproduce or cause disease, vaccination of dams for rotovirus, coronovirus, E. coli, Salmonella, Eimeria, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.

Ayele, W.Y.; Bartos, M.; Svastova, P.; Pavlik, I.  Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in organs of naturally infected bull-calves and breeding bulls.  Veterinary Microbiology.  2004; 103(3-4): 209-217.  ISSN:  0378-1135.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5190&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=7e99acb030d8f79b52d4e03a1c31a5f8 NAL Call No.:  SF601.V44
Descriptors:  bull calves, breeding bulls, various breeds, Holstein-Friesian, Piemonte, Hereford, Simmental, natural infection, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, semen derived infection, serum, fecal and tissue culture, liver, spleen, testes, sub clinically infected release Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in semen.

Bannantine, J.P.; Hansen, J.K.; Paustian, M.L.; Amonsin, A.; Li, L.L.; Stabel, J.R.; Kapur, V.  Expression and immunogenicity of proteins encoded by sequences specific to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  2004; 42(1): 106-114.  ISSN:  0095-1137.
URL:   http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/1/106
NAL Call No.:  QR46.J6
Descriptors:  cattle, mice, rabbits, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, animal disease models, laboratory animals, immunoassay as a diagnostic technique, cloning, heterologous expression, antigenic analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis specific sequences in Escherichia coli, binding proteins, gene expression, nucleotide sequences.

Basagoudanavar, S.H.; Goswami, P.P.; Tiwari, V.; Pandey, A.K.; Singh, N.  Heterologous expression of a gene encoding a 35 kDa protein of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in Escherichia coli.  Veterinary Research Communications.  2004; 28(3): 209-224.  ISSN: 0165-7380.
URL:  http://www.kluweronline.com/issn/0165-7380/contents
NAL Call No.:  SF601.V38
Descriptors:  gene expression, Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, paratuberculosis, bacterial proteins, nucleic acid hybridization, genetically engineered microorganisms, genetic recombination, transposons, polyclonal antibodies, guinea pigs, laboratory animals, delayed hypersensitivity, cell mediated immunity, purification, cloning DNA, solubility, cross reaction, open reading frames, 35kDa protein genes, recombinant surface proteins, immune response, plasmids, insertion into Escherichia coli expression plasmid pQE32=pPMP35, was transformed into E. coli M15, expression confirmed with immunoblotting, reacted with rabbit antiserum to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, reacted with serum of infected goat, recognized as a membrane fraction, evoked skin reaction in sensitized guinea pigs, 35kDa is a membrane protein.

Basler, T.; Geffers, R.; Weiss, S.; Valentin-Weigand, P.; Goethe, R.  Macrophages infected with Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis display a specific gene expression program and activating capacity towards enterocytes.  Immunobiology.  2004; 209(4-6): 392.  ISSN:  0171-2985.  Note:  Joint Annual Meeting of the German and Dutch Societies for Immunology, Maastricht, The Netherlands; October 20-23, 2004.
NAL Call No.:  QR180.Z4
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, infected macrophages, infection response, gene expression, activating capacity, response to enterocytes. 

Beyerbach, M.; Ortmann, G.; Gerlach, G.F.; Homuth, M; Strutzberg, K.; Kreienbrock, L.  Uberlegungen zu diagnostischen Sicherheiten und Cut-Off-Werten fur einen Sammelmilch-ELISA auf Paratuberkulose.  [Considerations concerning diagnostic probabilities and cut-off values for a Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis bulk milk ELISA.]  DTW (Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift).  2004; 111(5): 220-225.  ISSN:  0341-6593.  Note:  In German with an English summary.
NAL Call No.:  41.8 D482
Descriptors: dairy cows, Johne’s disease, paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, disease diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, disease prevalence, disease surveys, ELISA, bulk milk, reference works, regression analysis, mathematical models, Brandenburg, Germany.  

Boettcher, J.; Gangl, A. Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis - Combined serological testing and classification of individual animals and herds.  Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B.  2004; 51(10): 443-448. ISSN:  0931-1793.
URL:  http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/servlet/useragent?func=showIssues&code=jvb
NAL Call No.:  41.8 Z52
Descriptors:  2748 bovine sera, 119 Bavarian herds, 3 commercial tests, testing scheme proposed, individual animals, herds. 

Bowen, J.S.  Small ruminant tips for small animal practitioners.  Large Animal Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, January 17-21, 2004.  2004; 18: 266-269.
Descriptors:  goats, sheep, small ruminant health, small animal veterinary practice; veterinarians, animal husbandry, clinical examination drug residues, metabolic disorders, coccidiosis, enterotoxemia, pneumonia, scrapie, zoonoses, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycoplasma, Johne’s disease.

Bowen, J.S.  Tough diseases of goats.  Large Animal Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA, January17-21, 2004.  2004; 18: 255-256.
Descriptors:  goats, small ruminants, various diseases, disease transmission, lymph nodes, lymphadenitis, lymphatic diseases, Johne’s disease, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycoplasma.

Branscum, A.J.; Gardner, I.A.; Johnson, W.O.  Bayesian modeling of animal and herd level prevalences.  Preventive Veterinary Medicine.  2004; 66(1/4): 101-112.  ISSN:  0167-5877. 
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5145&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=c5bc3d9e1bb66468352ae1f5475d522f NAL Call No.:  SF601.P7
Descriptors:  cattle, animal level based on polled sampling, herd level disease prevalence, epidemiology, Bayesian theory approach, mathematical models, WinBUGS computer software, animal diseases, Brucella abortus, Salmonella interitidis, Mycobacterterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, brucellosis, Johne’s disease, computer software, diagnostic techniques, disease surveys, California, United States.  

Brumbaugh, G.W.; Simpson, R.B.; Edwards, J.F.; Anders, D.R.; Thomson, T.D.  Susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to monensin sodium or tilmicosin phosphate in vitro and resulting infectivity in a murine model.  Canadian Journal of Veterinary.  2004; 68(3): 175-181.  ISSN: 0830-9000.  Note:  In English with a French summary.
URL:  http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=133
NAL Call No.:  SF601.C24
Descriptors: paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease, antibacterial properties, macrolide antibiotics, cattle diseases, laboratory mice, infectious disease model.

Buergelt, C.D.; Donovan, G.A.; Williams, J.E.  Identification of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction in blood and semen of a bull with clinical paratuberculosis.  Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine.  2004; 2(2): 130-134.  ISSN:  1542-2666.
URL:  http://www.jarvm.com/
Descriptors:  cattle, Holstein breeding bulls, clinical signs of Johne’s disease, blood samples, semen samples, agar gel immunoduffusion, ELISA, 3 negative fecal cultures, no necropsy done, bacteria may disseminate via blood to reproductive tract.

Buergelt, C.D.; Williams, J.E.  Nested PCR on blood and milk for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis DNA in clinical and subclinical bovine paratuberculosis.  Australian Veterinary Journal.  2004; 82(8): 497-503.  ISSN: 0005-0423.
URL:  http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL Call No.:  41.8 AU72
Descriptors:  cattle bacterial disease, clinical and subclinical infections, disease detection and diagnosis, blood sampling, milk sampling, nested PCR.

Buergelt, C.D.; Bastianello, S.S.; Michel, A.L.  Paratuberculosis.  In: Coetzer, J.A.W; Tustin, R.C. [Editors].  Infectious Diseases of Livestock.  Volume 3, 2nd Edition.  Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.  2004; 1994-2008.  ISBN:  0195761715.
NAL Call No.:  SF781.I525 2004
Descriptors:  livestock, culling infected animals, etiology, diagnostic techniques, differential diagnostic methods, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, etiology, pathogenesis, histopathology, epidemiology, disease prevalence, disease control and prevention, vaccines, disease transmission, antibacterial agents, clinical aspects, Crohn's disease, drug therapy, zoonoses, public health concerns.

Buergelt, C.D.; Williams, J.E.; Monif, G.R.G.  Spontaneous clinical regression of Johne's disease in a Holstein cow: a case report.  Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine.  2004; 2(2): 126-129.  ISSN:  1542-2666.
URL:  http://www.jarvm.com/
Descriptors:  Holstein cow diagnosed with Johnes’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, spontaneous regression, serologic titers decreased, fecal shedding abated, changes in environment may have triggered immune and host responses to cure the disease.

Bull, R.; Brooks, R.; Molesworth, R.; Watt, R.  Ovine Johne's Disease Interim Steering Committee Final Report 2004.  2004; 9 p.  ISBN:  0734716079.
Descriptors:  “Building Block for Ovine Johne’s Disease,” risk based training system, introduction of mandatory health declaration of all traded sheep, penalties for false information, Guidair vaccine for disease control, marker to show vaccination, Property Disease Management Programmes, New South Wales, Australia.

Burr, P.  Health schemes: are they only for the minority?  Cattle Practice.  2004; 12(4): 255-257.  ISSN:  0969-1251.
NAL Call No.:  SF961.C37
Descriptors:  cattle health schemes, farmers, costs of disease control and prevention, bovine diarrhea virus, bovine herpesvirus 1, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, resistance of farmers to benefits of higher health status, United Kingdom.  

Buza, Jorarn J.; Hikono, Hirokazu; Mori, Yasuyuki; Nagata, Reiko; Hirayama, Sachiyo; Bari, Abusaleh M.; Aodon Geril; Shu, Yujing; Tsuji, Noriko M.; Momotani, Eiichi.  Neutralization of interleukin-10 significantly enhances gamma interferon expression in peripheral blood by stimulation with Johnin purified protein derivative and by infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in experimentally infected cattle with paratuberculosis.  Infection and Immunity.  2004; 72(4): 2425-2428.  ISSN:  0019-9567.
URL:  http://www.jarvm.com/
NAL Call No.:  QR1.I57
Descriptors:  cattle, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, experimental infections, gene expression, immune response, interferon, interleukin-10 suppressive effects, IFN gamma secretion, monoclonal antibodies, paratuberculosis.

Caldow, G.  Biosecurity, does it have a place in the management of beef herds in the United Kingdom?  Cattle Practice.  2004; 12(2): 149-153.  ISSN:  0969-1251.
NAL Call No.:  SF961.C37
Descriptors:  beef cattle herds, losses due to infectious disease, cost of biosecurity systems, purchasing policies for breeding replacements, recommend and industry-wide approach, disease control programs, vaccination, salmonellosis, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, bovine diarrhea virus, United Kingdom.

Caldow, G.; Gunn, G.; Crawshaw, M.; Rusbridge, S.; McDiarmid, J.  Can test and cull be a part of Johne's disease control?  Cattle Practice.  2004; 12(4): 249-253.  ISSN:  0969-1251.
NAL Call No.:  SF961.C37
Descriptors:  cattle, disease control program, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, epidemiology, test and cull strategy for infected herds, diagnostic tests, disease prevalence, disease prevention, disease transmission, Great Britain.

Carpenter, T.E.; Gardner, I.A.; Collins, M.T.; Whitlock, R.H.  Effects of prevalence and testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fecal culture on the risk of introduction of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cows into dairy herds.  Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.  2004; 16(1): 31-38.  ISSN:  1040-6387.
NAL Call No.:  SF774.J68
Descriptors:  dairy herd, stochastic simulation model for risk of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis introduced with female replacements, data included: effects of bacteria prevalence in source herd(s) disease status, number of females purchased, ELISA alone or ELISA and fecal culture, data varied according to disease levels of source herds.

Chacon, O.; Bermudez, L.E.; Barletta, R.G.  Johne's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis.  Annual Review of Microbiology.  2004; 58: 329-363.  ISSN:  0066-4227.  Note:  A review article.
URL:  http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/loi/micro?cookieSet=1
NAL Call No.:  448.3 AN72
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, etiology of diarrheal diseases, Johne’s disease, possible agent of Crohn’s disease, microbial factors of pathogenicity, issues and controversy of pathogenic role in humans.

Chauhan, R.S.; Al Ani, F.K.  Bacterial diseases.  In:  Al Ani, F.K.  [Editor].  Camel: Management and Diseases. Published by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University.  Baghdad, Iraq.  2004; 385-408.
Descriptors:  camels, dromedaries, bacterial diseases, etiology, epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnostic techniques, disease control and prevention, drug therapies, bacterial toxins, pathogenesis, actinomycosis, anaplasmosis, anthrax, botulism, brucellosis, glanders, hemorrhagic septicemia, heartwater, Johne’s disease, leptospirosis, listeriosis, Lyme disease, melioidosis, mycoplasmosis, paratuberculosis, tuberculosis, pasteurellosis, plague, pododermatitis, Q fever, salmonellosis, tetanus, tickborne fever.

Chavez-Gris, Gilberto; Trigo-Tavera, Francisco J.; Svastova, Petra; Pavlik, Ivo.  Identificacion del polimorfismo genetico de aislamientos de Mycobacterium avium subespecie paratuberculosis de caprinos del centro de Mexico.  [Genetic polymorphism identification from Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in goats in central Mexico.]  Veterinaria Mexico.  2004; 35(1): 75-82.  ISSN:  0301-5092.  Note:  In English and Spanish.  
URL:  http://www.medigraphic.com/veterinariamexico/
NAL Call No.:  SF604.V485
Descriptors:  goats, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, genetic polymorphism, IS900 probe, BstEII restriction enzyme, C1 type, epidemiological study, disease, control, Mexico.  

Chui, Linda W.; King, Robin; Lu, Patricia; Manninen, Ken; Sim, Jeong.  Evaluation of four DNA extraction methods for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction.  Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.  2004; 48(1): 39-45.  ISSN:  0732-8893.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5016&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=a834b5d6c5e60ba3bd43424467395f82 NAL Call No.:  QR67.D53
Descriptors:  DNA extraction methods, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, rapid lysis, organic extraction, silica based and magnetic particle based technologies (MagaZorb TM), bacterial cells, spiked bovine feces, efficiency of extraction, PCR end point titration, insertion sequence IS900.

Chui, Linda W.; King, Robin; Chow, Eva Y.W.; Sim, Jeong.  Immunological response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in chickens.  Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research.  2004; 68(4): 302-308.  ISSN:  0830-9000.
URL:  http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=133
NAL Call No.:  SF601.C24
Descriptors:  chickens, immune capture assay followed by PCR, heat and formalin inactivated Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, immune response, IgY, diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, immune response, immunization.

Cismileanu, A.; Samarineanu, M.; Sarca, M.; Medeanu, R.  Profilul electroforetic si prin Western blot al unui antigen de tip lipoarabinomanan (LAM) de Mycobacterium avium subspecia paratuberculosis.  [The profile of a lipoarabinomannan-type antigen (LAM) of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis determined by electrophoresis and Western Blot.]  Revista Romana de Medicina Veterinara.  2004; 14(1): 81-88.  ISSN:  1220-3173.  Note:  In Rumanian with an English summary.
Descriptors:  sheep, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, bacterial antigen, lipoarabinomannan, carbohydrates, electrophoresis, Western blot, proteins, SDS-PAGE.

Collins, J.D.; Wall, P.G.  Food safety and animal production systems: controlling zoonoses at farm level.  Revue Scientifique et Technique Office International des Epizooties.  2004; 23(2): 685-700.  ISSN:  0253-1933.  ISBN:  9290446218.  Note:  In English with Spanish and French summaries.  
Descriptors:  food safety, animal production systems, disease control and prevention, epidemiology, feeds, stressors, risk assessments, selection pressure, transport of animals, tuberculosis, Johne’s disease, paratuberculosis, Brucella, Camplobacter, E. coli, Listeria, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Salmonella, Trichinella, Yersinia, Toxoplasma, zoonotic diseases.

Collins, M.T.  Update on paratuberculosis. 3. Control and zoonotic potential.  Irish Veterinary Journal.  2004; 57(1): 49-52.  ISSN:  0368-0762.
Descriptors:  cattle, calves, humans, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, clinical aspects, diagnosis, disease control and prevention, disease transmission, potential zoonotic disease, Crohn’s disease.

Corner, L.A.L.; Pfeiffer, D.U.; Abbott, K.A.  The respiratory tract as a hypothetical route of infection of cattle with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.  Australian Veterinary Journal.  2004; 82(3): 170-173.  ISSN: 0005-0423.
URL:  http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL Call No.:  41.8 AU72
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, cattle, route of infection, respiratory tract, disease infection hypothesis.

Costa, E.F.; Fazzio, L.E.; Traveria, G.E.; Sanchez, R.O.; Alvarado-Pinedo, M.F.; Mattioli, G.A.; Otero, M.M.; Chialva, M.; Romero, J.R.  Causas de mortalidad y aborto en bovinos informe de 1163 casos entre 1986 y 2001 en la provincia de Buenos Aires.  [Causes of mortality and abortion in cattle.  Report of 1163 cases from 1986 to 2001 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.]  Revista de Medicina Veterinaria Buenos Aires.  2004; 85(1): 16-22.  ISSN:  0325-6391.  Note:  In Spanish with an English summary.  
Descriptors:  cattle, necropsies, examination, death, abortion, ranges of ages, neonates—colibacillosis, 1-8 months—pneumonia, 8-18 months—mucosal disease, anthrax, various parasitic diseases, over 18 months, nutritional deficiencies, metabolic diseases, important infectious diseases—anthrax and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.

Coussens, P.M.; Verman, N.; Coussens, M.A.; Elftman, M.D.; McNulty, A.M.  Cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tissues of cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: evidence for an inherent proinflammatory gene expression pattern.  Infection and Immunity.  2004; 72(3): 1409-1422.  ISSN:  0019-9567.
URL:  http://iai.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/72/3/1409
NAL Call No.:  QR1.I57
Descriptors:  infected cows, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, suppression of a proinflammatory gene expression pattern, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs, genes encoding interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha ), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p35, IL-16, IL-18, interferon-gamma, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), mesenteric lymph nodes draining infection sites.

Coussens, Paul.  Development of gene expression signatures for chronic infectious diseases, a bovine model.  Tissue Antigens.  2004; 64(4): 361.  ISSN:  0001-2815.  Note:  1st International Conference on Basic and Clinical Immunogenomics, Budapest, Hungary; October 03-07, 2004.
Descriptors:  cattle, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, gene expression, animal disease model, Crohn's disease, chronic granulomatous enteritis, EST sequence.

Coussens, Paul M.  Model for immune responses to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in cattle.  Infection and Immunity.  2004; 72(6): 3089-3096.  ISSN:  0019-9567.
URL:   http://iai.asm.org/cgi/content/full/72/6/3089
NAL Call No.:  QR1.I57
Descriptors:  cattle, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease, simulation models, immune response.

Coussens, P.M.; Jeffers, A.; Colvin, C.  Rapid and transient activation of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Johne's disease positive cows exposed to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in vitro.  Microbial Pathogenesis.  2004; 36(2): 93-108.  ISSN: 0882-4010.
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=6954&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=0ce0cc81f81ede9640040947d652abf1 NAL Call No.:  QR175.M53
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, paratuberculosis, dairy cows, gene expression regulation.

Cvetnic, Z.; Ocepek, M.; Spiic, S.; Habrun, B.; Mitak, M.; Krt, B.  Usporedba razliitih metoda dijagnostike paratuberkuloze u uzgoju mlijenih goveda.  [Comparison of different diagnostic methods for paratuberculosis in dairy cattle breedings.]  Veterinarska Stanica.  2004; 35(1): 5-13.  ISSN:  0350-7149.  Note:  In Croation with an English summary.  
Descriptors:  dairy cow farm, tuberculin testing, non-specific reactions, clinical symptoms pointed to paratuberculosis, serological testing, RVC, GDP test, ELISA and gamma IFN test together were best, different levels of sensitivity found, Croatia.

Dargatz, D.A.; Byrum, B.A.; Collins, M.T.; Goyal, S.M.; Hietala, S.K.; Jacobson, R.H.; Kopral, C.A.; Martin, B.M.; McCluskey, B.J.; Tewari, D.  A multi-laboratory evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for the detection of antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle.  Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation.  2004; 16(6): 509-514.  ISSN: 1040-6387.
NAL Call No.:  SF774.J68
Descriptors:  cows, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, antibody detection, laboratories, analytical kits, testing, variance, sources of variability.

Davidson, William R.; Manning, Elizabeth J. B.; Nettles, Victor F. Culture and serologic survey for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection among Southeastern white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).  Journal of Wildlife Diseases.  2004; 40(2): 301-306.  ISSN:  0090-3558.
URL: http://www.jwildlifedis.org/
NAL Call No.:  41.9 W64B
Descriptors: white tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, survey of disease levels, ELISA, lymph nodes, serology, surveillance of wild populations, currently not a disease reservoir, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, West Virginia, United States.

Dimareli-Malli, Z.; Samarineanu, M.; Sarca, M.; Zintzaras, E.; Sarris, K.; Tsitsamis, S.  Statistical evaluation of ELISA methods for testing caprine paratuberculosis.  Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine.  2004; 2(1): 10-16.  ISSN:  1542-2666.
URL:  http://www.jarvm.com/
NAL Call No.:  SF601.J63
Descriptors:  goats, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. testing of 4 ELISA assays for diagnostic value-- LAM-A, LAM-P, GP, IDEXX-ELISA, and AGIT; a comparison study testing for sensitivity and specificity, 44 infected animals, 73 clinically healthy from infected herds, 62 known negatives, results presented show AGIT has high specificity, Greece, Mediterranean regions.

Dufour, Barbara; Pouillot, Regis; Durand, Benoit.  A cost/benefit study of paratuberculosis certification in French cattle herds.  Veterinary Research.  2004; 35(1): 69-81.  ISSN:  0928-4249.  
NAL Call No.:  SF602.A5
Descriptors:  cattle herds, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, paratuberculosis certification, cost/benefit analysis, disease control, France.

Ellingson, J.L.E.; Koziczkowski, J.J.; Anderson, J.L.  Comparison of PCR prescreening to two cultivation procedures with PCR confirmation for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in U.S. Department of Agriculture fecal check test samples.  Journal of Food Protection.  2004; 67(10): 2310-2314.  ISSN: 0362-028X.
NAL Call No.:  44.8 J824
Abstract:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiologic agent in Johne's disease in cattle and causes diarrhea, decreased milk production, emaciation, and frequently death.  The ability to detect MAP rapidly and accurately is an integral part of herd management.  However, detection of this bacterium is complicated due to its slow division time and its ability to enter dormancy.  Culture methods are considered the "gold standard", but they have their limitations.  Many enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods and conventional PCR methods have been used as diagnostic tools.  The present study compares the results of a PCR prescreen to two culture methods of detection paired with confirmatory PCR to determine the most accurate, rapid, and sensitive method using U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) fecal check samples.  This study involving two laboratories (Marshfield Clinic Laboratories, using solid culture medium [Herrold's egg yolk agar], and TREK Diagnostic Systems Research and Development, using liquid culture medium [ESP Culture System II]) showed that the PCR prescreening method used in this study lacked specificity and sensitivity as a stand-alone test in fecal samples.  However, the combination of liquid enrichment culture using the ESP II system, and PCR confirmation with the hspX primer set, was not only 100% sensitive and specific but also correlated with viable MAP and USDA culture results.
Descriptors:  dairy cattle, feces, microbial detection, methodology, polymerase chain reaction, USDA, culture media, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, animal pathogenic bacteria, pathogenesis related proteins, virulence, genes, clinical examination, rapid methods, food safety.

Emery, D.L.; Whittington, R.J.  An evaluation of mycophage therapy, chemotherapy and vaccination for control of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection.  Veterinary Microbiology.  2004; 104(3/4): 143-155.  ISSN:  0378-1135.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5190&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=7e99acb030d8f79b52d4e03a1c31a5f8 NAL Call No.:  SF601.V44
Descriptors:  sheep, ruminants, bacterial pathogen, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, disease control, various treatment options reviewed, chemotherapy, vaccination, mycophages, chemotherapeutic regimes, costs, effectiveness of  live and killed mycobacterian vaccines, neonatal vaccination with defined doses of bacteria, induction of protective Th1 type immunity.

Fischer, O.A.; Matlova, L.; Dvorska, L.; Svastova, P.; Peral, D.L.; Weston, R.T.; Bartos, M.; Pavlik, I.  Beetles as possible vectors of infections caused by Mycobacterium avium species. Veterinary Microbiology.  2004; 102(3-4): 247-255.  ISSN: 0378-1135.
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5190&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=7e99acb030d8f79b52d4e03a1c31a5f8 NAL Call No.:  SF601.V44
Descriptors:  insect vectors, Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis, animal pathogenic bacteria, disease transmission, paratuberculosis, zoonoses, adult insects, isolation, Coleoptera, larvae, Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas atratus, barns, bran, peat, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, disease detection, avian tuberculosis, bovine tuberculosis, Slovakia, Czech Republic.

Fischer, O.A.; Matlova, L.; Dvorska, L.; Svastova, P.; Bartl, J.; Weston, R.T.; Pavlik, I.  Blowflies Calliphora vicina and Lucilia sericata as passive vectors of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, M. a. paratuberculosis and M. a. hominissuis.  Medical and Veterinary Entomology.  2004; 18(2): 116-122.  ISSN: 0269-283X.
NAL Call No.:  RA639.M44
Abstract:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Actinomycetales: Mycobacteriaceae) isolates of identical restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) type B-C1 were isolated from: intestinal mucosa of two cows showing clinical signs of paratuberculosis, a specimen of the blowfly Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae) captured while perched on these cattle intestines in a waste container at the site of the slaughter, and the blowflies C. vicina and Lucilia caesar Linnaeus captured the next day at the same site when no infected cattle with paratuberculosis were slaughtered.  Subsequently, second-stage larvae of the blowflies C. vicina and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) were experimentally infected by feeding them liver from hens with avian tuberculosis caused by M. a. avium (serotype 1, genotype IS901+ and IS1245+) and small cuts of pork meat contaminated with M. a. hominissuis (serotype 8, genotype IS901- and IS1245+). Mycobacterium a. avium of identical serotype, genotype and RFLP type F-C3 was isolated from C. vicina larvae on days 4 and 11 post infection (p.i.) and from L. sericata larvae on day 4 p.i.  Identical RFLP type B-C1 of M. a. paratuberculosis was isolated from adult C. vicina fed with artificially contaminated saccharose solution on day 2 p.i. Investigation of M. a. paratuberculosis distribution inside the adult C. vicina showed that the majority of Colony Forming Units (CFU) were isolated from the abdomen and head, fewer from the thorax and wings and none from the legs.  Larvae and adults may participate in spreading causal agents of mycobacterial infections and this fact should be considered during sanitation of infected herds and in slaughterhouses when materials from animals affected by mycobacterial infections are processed.
Descriptors:  cows, Calliphora vicina, Lucilia sericata, Lucilia caesar, blowflies, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis, insect vectors, bacterial infection, pathogen identification, restriction fragment length polymorphism, tissue distribution, cows, hens, paratuberculosis, avian tuberculosis, chicken meat, pork, food contamination, disease transmission, Czech Republic.

Fredriksen, B.; Djonne, B.; Sigurdardottir, O.; Tharaldsen, J.; Nyberg, O.; Jarp, J.  Factors affecting the herd level of antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle.  Veterinary Record.  2004; 154(17): 522-526.  ISSN: 0042-4900.
URL:  http://veterinaryrecord.bvapublications.com/
NAL Call No.:  41.8 V641
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease, dairy cattle, herd health, antibodies, variable factors.

Gardner, Richard A.; Ghobrial, George; Naser, Saleh A.; Phanstiel, Otto.  Synthesis and biological evaluation of new acinetoferrin homologues for use as iron transport probes in mycobacteria.  Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.  2004; 47(20): 4933-4940.  ISSN:  0022-2623.
URL:  http://pubs.acs.org/journals/jmcmar/index.html
NAL Call No.:  RS403.A1J6
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, iron transport, acinetoferrin, aminohydroxamic acid motif (2 equiv) to a tert-butyl citrate derivative homologues, generated two linear and two cyclic imide derivatives, growth stimulating behavior, DCC and N-hydroxysuccinimide, siderophore from Streptomyces pilosus, deferrioxamine B.

Ghadiali, A.H.; Strother, M.; Naser, S.A.; Manning, E.J.B.; Sreevatsan, S.  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains isolated from Crohn's disease patients and animal species exhibit similar polymorphic locus patterns.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology.  2004; 42(11): 5345-5348.  ISSN:  0095-1137.
URL:  http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/42/11/5345
NAL Call No.:  QR46.J6
Descriptors:  cattle, goats, humans, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease strains, Crohn’s disease strains, zoonotic disease strains, United States.

Glanemann, B.; Hoelzle, L.E.; Bogli-Stuber, K.; Jemmi, T.; Wittenbrink, M.M.  Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss dairy cattle by culture and serology.  Schweizer Archiv fuer Tierheilkunde.  2004; 146(9): 409-415.  ISSN:  0036-7281.
NAL Call No.:  41.8 SCH9
Descriptors:  186 dairy cows, 10 commercial herds, cattle antibody testing, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, culture techniques, diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, diagnostic value, ELISA, fecal sampling, immunodiagnosis, commercial ELISA with MAP lipoarabinomannan, paratuberculosis, serology, Switzerland.

Glawischnig, W.; Awad-Masalmeh, M.; Khaschabi, D.; Schonbauer, M.  Nachweis von Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis im Hoden eines klinisch erkrankten Zuchtstiers.  [Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from the testicles of a clinically infected breed.]  Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift.  2004; 117(3/4): 136-139.  ISSN:  0005-9366.  Note:  In German with an English summary.
NAL Call No.:  41.8 B45
Descriptors:  Simmental bull, post mortem examination, severe Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, testicles sampled, no gross lesions, acid fast organisms found, cultured in mycostatin culture, PCR showed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, indication of bacteremia in final stages, possible transfer with artificial insemination.

Goethe, R.  Mechanismen der Aktivierung und Deaktivierung von J774 Makrophagen durch Mycobacterium avium Subspezies paratuberculosis.  Mechanisms of activation and deactivation of J774 macrophages by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.  2004; 151.  Note:  A thesis published by Tierarztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.  In German.
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis persistence in mononuclear phagocytes, role in pathogenesis of paratuberculosis in ruminants, murine macrophages J774, infection mechanism, mycobacterial phagosome establishment, signal cascades and transactivation of genes, cytokine mRNA expression was detected, particularly of the IL-6 gene, protein kinase C, phosphotyrosine kinases.

Granger, K.; Moore, R.J.; Davies, J.K.; Vaughan, J.A.; Stiles, P.L.; Stewart, D.J.; Tizard, M.L.V.  Recovery of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from the natural host for the extraction and analysis in vivo-derived RNA.  Journal of Microbiological Methods.  2004; 57(2): 241-249.  ISSN:  0167-7012.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T30-4BYC4F5-1&_user=10&_handle=B-WA-A-A-AE-MsSAYVA-UUA-AUEAEVDCVW-AUYECWYBVW-CAUDDCYAC-AE-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=05%2F31%2F2004&_rdoc=11&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%234932%232004%23999429997%23491206!&_cdi=4932&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=695484d1a3d13c4638c1828f8ce80b07 Descriptors:  goats, classical signs of Johne’s, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, small intestines removed, luminal contents washed, mucosa and submucosa harvested, insotonic lysis and differential centrifugation, RNA extracted, realtime PCR, katG mRNA, differential increased expression in in-vivo compared to in-vitro samples, stress of intra-macrophage environment.

Grant, I.R.; Rowe, M.T.  Effect of chemical decontamination and refrigerated storage on the isolation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from heat-treated milk.  Letters in Applied Microbiology.  2004; 38(4): 283-288.  ISSN:  0266-8254.
URL:  http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/servlet/useragent?func=showIssues&code=lam
NAL Call No.:  QR1.L47
Descriptors:  milk contaminated with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, cold storage treatment, cetylpyridinium chloride treatment not recommended, pasteurization.

Grooms, D.  Johne's disease: A brief overview.  Proceedings / Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference.  2004; 41-46.  Note:  Conference held April 27-28, 2004, Fort Wayne, Indiana.
NAL Call No.:  SF203.T75
Descriptors:  dairy cows, beef cattle, paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, symptoms, economic impacts, control, United States.

Hacker, U.; Huttner, K.; Konow, M.  Untersuchung zur serologischen Pravalenz und zu Risikofaktoren der Paratuberkulose in Milchviehbetrieben in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.  [Investigation of serological prevalence and risk factors of paratuberculosis in dairy farms in the State of Mecklenburg-Westpommerania, Germany.]  Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift.  2004; 117(3/4): 140-144.  ISSN:  0005-9366.  Note:  In German with an English summary.  
NAL Call No.:  41.8 B45
Descriptors: dairy farms; 2997 serum samples; 59 pre-selected dairy farms, analyzed for antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Svanovir ELISA,  herd prevalence 12.2% , need for common program to control Johne’s disease in Germany, Mecklenburg-Pomerania, Germany.

Hammer, P.; Kiesner, C.; Walte, H.G.; Knappstein, K.; Teufel, P.  Heat resistance of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in raw milk tested in a pilot-plant pasteurizer. Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation.  2004; (392): 53-61.  ISSN:  0250-5118.
NAL Call No.:  44.9 IN82B
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, bacterial contaminant in raw milk, inactivation by heat treatments, heat resistance, heat tolerance, pasteurization, pasteurizers, various heat combinations, experimental treatment with 5 treatments, factors influencing heat tolerance, cell clumps, phagocytosis, metabolic activity and heat activation.

Harp, J.A.; Stabel, J.R.; Pesch, B.A.; Goff, J.P.  Expression of adhesion molecules on milk and blood lymphocytes from periparturient dairy cattle with Johne's disease.  Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology.  2004; 98(1/2): 69-76.  ISSN:  0165-2427.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5189&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=f5f60e05fe0e447c7311059c14754776 NAL Call No.:  SF757.2.V38
Descriptors:  dairy cows, infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, parturition, and up to 21 days post-partum, monitoring for T lymphocytes and expression of adhesion molecules on cell in blood and milk.

Harwood, D.  Diseases of dairy goats.  In Practice.  2004; 26(5): 248-259.  ISSN:  0263-841X.  
NAL Call No.:  SF601.I4
Descriptors:  dairy goats, common infectious diseases, differences with reference to common infectious diseases, other clinical conditions, endoparasites and breeding/fertility problems, species differences with reference to common infectious diseases, other clinical conditions, metabolic diseases, endoparasites and breeding/fertility problems, disease transmission, disease prevention, disease control, includes bacterial diseases, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, United Kingdom.

Heeb, M.; Austerman, S.R.; Hall, J.; Evans, R.  Comparison of commercial ELISA tests for Johne's disease in beef cattle herds.  In:  Smith, R.A. [Editor]  Proceedings of the Thirty Seventh Annual Conference, American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Forth Worth, Texas, City, USA, September 23-25, 2004.  Published by the Association.  2004; 300.  ISSN:  0743-0450.
NAL Call No.:  SF961.A5
Descriptors:  beef cattle, beef herds, epidemiology, testing for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, disease prevalence, commercial ELISA kits, comparison study.

Hein, Wayne R; Barber, Ttessa; Cole, Sally Ann; Morrison, Lilian; Pernthaner, Anton.  Long-term collection and characterization of afferent lymph from the ovine small intestine.  Journal of Immunological Methods.  2004; 293(1-2): 153-168.  ISSN:  0022-1759.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=4931&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=a9f24e1e7fcf9211e6517a50df2f26f4 NAL Call No.: QR180.J6
Descriptors:  sheep, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, animal parasitic nematodes, animal disease models, experimental infections, host/parasite relationships, immune response, small intestine, lymph flow, methodology, paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease.

Hellberg, H.; Mork, T.  Overvakings- og kontrollprogrammene viser fortsatt god helse hos fisk, skjell og landdyr i Norge.  [Surveillance and control programmes show continued good health in fish, shellfish and farm animals in Norway.]  Norsk Veterinaertidsskrift.  2004; 116(10): 656-658.  ISSN:  0332-5741.  Note:  In Norwegian.  
Descriptors:  18 surveillance and control programs, farm animals, fish, shellfish, new scrapie Nor98, bovine diarrhea virus—1 case, swine influenza—1 case, avian rhinotracheitis—1 flock, Salmonella—2 cattle, 1 pigs, 1 poultry, 3 goats, paratuberculosis, Norway.

Hendrick, S.H.; Duffield, T.F.; Kelton, T.F.; Leslie, K.E.; Lissemore, L.K.D.; Archambault, M.  Risk factors for Johne's disease in Ontario dairy herds.  In:  Smith, R.A. [Editor]  Proceedings of the Thirty Seventh Annual Conference, American Association of Bovine Practitioners, Forth Worth, Texas, City, USA, September 23-25, 2004.  Published by the Association.  2004; 204, 271.  Note:  In English and French.
NAL Call No.:  SF961.A5
Descriptors:  dairy cattle, dairy herds, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis disease prevalence, disease control, risk factors, Ontario, Canada.

Hillerton, J.E.  Control of MAP in milk.  Bulletin of the International Dairy Federation.  2004; (386): 17-19.  ISSN:  0250-5118.  
NAL Call No.: 44.9 IN82B
Descriptors:  cattle disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, precautionary approach to control milk supply contaminates should be adopted, approaches necessary at farm level, Johne’s disease, Crohn’s disease.

Hirst, H.L.; Garry, F.B.; Morley, P.S.; Salman, M.D.; Dinsmore, R.P.; Wagner, B.A.; McSweeney, K.D.; Goodell, G.M.  Seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection among dairy cows in Colorado and herd-level risk factors for seropositivity.  Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.  2004; 225(1): 97-101.  ISSN: 0003-1488.
URL:  http://www.avma.org/
NAL Call No.:  41.8 AM3
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, dairy cattle, herd risk factors, serum testing, disease incidence, Colorado.

Holmes, I.R.L.; Jubb, T.F.; Callinan, A.P.L.  Infection rates in reactors to an absorbed ELISA used in a test and cull program for bovine Johne's disease.  Australian Veterinary Journal.  2004; 82(4): 233-235.  ISSN: 0005-0423.
URL:  http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL Call No.:  41.8 AU72
Descriptors:  cattle, culling of diseased animals, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, infection rates, testing program, absorbed ELISA diagnostic test.

Holzmann, C.B.; Jorge, M.C.; Traversa, M.J.; Schettino, D.M.; Medina, L.; Bernardelli, A.  Estudio del comportamiento epidemiologico de la paratuberculosis bovina mediante series cronologicas en Tandil, provincia de Buenos Aires,Argentina.  [A study of the epidemiological behavior of bovine paratuberculosis using time series in Tandil in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina.]  Revue Scientifique et Technique Office International des Epizooties.  2004; 23(3): 791-799.  ISSN:  0253-1933.  Note:  In Spanish with summaries in English and French.
NAL Call No.:  SF781.R4
Descriptors:  cattle disease, Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, time series data, clinical behavior of disease, diagnosis, macroscopic examination, ELISA, comparative tuberculin test, bacterial disease, epidemiology, Argentina.

Hruska, K.  Research on paratuberculosis: analysis of publications 1994-2004. Veterinarni Medicina.  2004; 49(8): 271-282.  ISSN:  0375-8427.  
URL:  http://vetmed.vri.cz/
NAL Call No.:  41.9 C333
Descriptors:  analysis of scientific literature on Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, papers, authors, institutional affiliations, journals, top 50 authors, top 50 institutions, top 50 most frequently cited articles, trends show significant increases in research, Web of Knowledge Results Analysis, OIE Reference Laboratory for Paratuberculosis.

Huda, A.; Jungersen, G.; Lind, P.  Longitudinal study of interferon-gamma, serum antibody and milk antibody responses in cattle infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.  Veterinary Microbiology.  2004; 104(1-2): 43-53.  ISSN:  0378-1135.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5190&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=7e99acb030d8f79b52d4e03a1c31a5f8 NAL Call No.:  SF601.V44
Descriptors:  cattle, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, diagnosis diagnostic techniques, disease markers, antibodies, immune response, immunodiagnosis, interferon, lymphocytes, milk serum.

Humphry, R.W.; Cameron, A.; Gunn, G.J.  A practical approach to calculate sample size for herd prevalence surveys.  Preventive Veterinary Medicine.  2004; 65(3/4): 173-188.  ISSN:  0167-5877.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5145&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=c5bc3d9e1bb66468352ae1f5475d522f
NAL Call No.:  SF601.P7
Descriptors:  cattle herd level prevalence testing, disease survey, bacterial pathogen, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, imperfect diagnostic test, epidemiology, sampling sizes, mathematical models, benefits, costs, low numbers of herds, large number of animals per herd and exclusion of small herds, achieving high herd level sensitivity and specificity.

Hutchinson, L.J.; Weinstock, D.; Byler, L.I.  Case report - management of paratuberculosis in a dairy goat herd.  Bovine Practitioner.  2004; 38(2): 142-146.  ISSN:  0524-1685.  Note:  In English with a French summary.   
NAL Call No.:  SF779.5.A1B6
Descriptors:  mixed breed dairy goats, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, serological screening for Johne’s, ELISA, agar gel immunodiffusion, AGID, positive animals removed, euthanized or sold for meat, necropsied, histopathology and tissues cultured, testing identified positive animals, recommended for management practices, United States.

Ibrahim, A.; El Sanousi, S.; Aradaib, I.  Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR).  Veterinarski Arhiv.  2004; 74(1): 27-35.  ISSN:  0372-5480.  Note:  In English with a Croatian summary.  
NAL Call No.:  41.8 V6416
Descriptors:  detection assay with increased sensitivity, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, nested PCR, IS1311, 1st is a 549 bp PCR (P1, P2), 2nd set of primers (P3, P4) frn IS1311 for a 260bp PCR product, useful at early stages of the infection.

Ikonomopoulos, J.; Gazouli, M.; Pavlik, I.; Bartos, M.; Zacharatos, P.; Xylouri, E.; Papalambros, E.; Gorgoulis, V.  Comparative evaluation of PCR assays for the robust molecular detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.  Journal of Microbiological Methods.  2004; 56(3): 315-321.  ISSN:  0167-7012.  
URL:  http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T30-4B5435C-2&_user=10&_handle=B-WA-A-A-AE-MsSAYVW-UUA-AUYZWVUUWZ-AUYBYWUYWZ-BECBEEAUE-AE-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=03%2F31%2F2004&_rdoc=2&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%234932%232004%23999439996%23480150!&_cdi=4932&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=f3785c183ef03e76c99e976dfc93f1bc NAL Call No.:  QR65.J68
Descriptors: detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, molecular assay method with optimum performance and cost, high reproducibility, DNA extraction, PCR assays, one-tube nested, 2 two-tube nested, and a single PCR assay, targeted different genomic regions of IS900 element, tested various samples, pure bacterial cultures, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) infected cattle tissue samples, chickens with M. avium subsp. avium, best assay was one-tube nested PCR assay combined with in-house DNA extraction, 3 laboratories collaborated, Czech Republic, Greece.

Irish Veterinary Association.  Report of the 40th winter scientific meeting of the Association of Veterinary Teachers and Research Workers (Irish region).  Irish Veterinary Journal.  2004; 57(2): 87-94.  ISSN:  0368-0762.
Descriptors:  report, list of animal diseases, livestock, pets, poultry, disease prevalence, pharmacokinetics, diagnostic techniques, many viral and bacterial diseases—transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, bovine herpesvirus 4, feline immunodeficiency virus, subclinical mastitis, Brucella abortus, E. coli, Neospora canium, Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava, Irish Republic.

Jessep, T.; Arnott, R.; Walker, B.  Supporting BJD zoning - guidelines for agents and saleyard operators.  Agnote NSW Agriculture.  2004; (DAI-323 (1st Edition)): 3.  ISSN:  1034-6848.
URL:  http://www.agric.nsw.gov.au/reader/newSearchResults.html?MIval=newSearchResults.html&action=search&websiteID=1&width=25&submitImg=%2Fi%2Fdpi%2Fsearch-button.gif&searchTerm=dai-323&submit=Search&x=34&y=8
Descriptors:  beef and dairy industries, bovine Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis zoning in New South Wales, protected zone, control zone, role of agents and sale yard operators, disease prevention and control programs, guidelines, Australia.

Joardar, S.N.; Nasir, A.; Tewari, V.; Gupta, A.; Goswami, T.K.; Ram, G.C.  Cellular immunoreactivity of fractionated antigens of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis 316F.  Indian Journal of Animal Health.  2004; 43(2): 127-133.  ISSN:  0019-5057. 
NAL Call No.:  SF1.I4
Descriptors:  mice, guinea pigs, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, cellular immune responses, live bacteria experimental infection, affinity purified antigens of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis 316F, fractions of protein antigens, e ConA bound fraction increased invitro T lymphocyte proliferation and higher NO2 production mouse splenic macrophages, guinea pigs showed less cross reaction to related mycobacteria, delayed type hyper-sensitivity.

Jubb, T.F.; Galvin, J.W.  Effect of a test and control program for Johne's disease in Victorian beef herds 1992-2002.  Australian Veterinary Journal.  2004; 82(3): 164-166.  ISSN: 0005-0423.
URL:  http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL Call No.:  41.8 AU72
Descriptors:  Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, beef cattle, herd health, testing and control programs, program evaluation, effectiveness, Victoria, Australia.

Jubb, T.F.; Galvin, J.W.  Effect of a test and control programme for bovine Johne's disease in Victorian dairy herds 1992-2002.  Australian Veterinary Journal.  2004; 82(4): 228-232.  ISSN:  0005-0423.
URL:  http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL Call No.:  41.8 AU72
Descriptors:  infected dairy herds, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Victorian Johne’s Disease Test and Control Programme, 542 dairy