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NOTE: Johne's Disease may be viewed as one complete publication file below, or as individual chapter files at johnes.htm |
 United States Department of Agriculture  Agricultural Research Service  National Agricultural Library  Animal Welfare Information Center |
Johne's Disease--Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: A Debilitating Enteric Disease of Ruminants
June 2002 (Revised October 2006)
Compiled by: |
There are many loses in the livestock industry as a result of the bacterial disease called Johne's disease. "The disease occurs across the US and many foreign countries and is one of the most economically important disease of cattle." 3. The effects of this contagious disease lead to reduced milk, fetal loss and early death. This disease is caused by a bacterium Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. This family of bacteria causes a variety of disease scourges such as tuberculosis, leporsy, cervical lymphadenitis, Aswimming pool granuloma, chronic pulmonary diseases and Johne's disease. Johne's disease is known to affect cattle, sheep, llamas, camels, goats, farmed deer, bison, and other domestic and wild ruminants. It may be the cause of some wasting diseases in horses and swine. Also, chickens can be successfully infected with it. The disease can also be transmitted to laboratory animals in a laboratory setting. It may also be an agent of the Crohn=s disease in humans. There is conflicting information about the zoonotic risks of the disease, but interaction with diseased animals should be done with caution. Johne's is found world-wide.
The disease. Although the infection is usually acquired early in life, the clinical signs can take 2-6 years to develop. Clinical signs in cattle include severe wasting due to prolonged diarrhea, dehydration, and emaciation with lethal consequences. (In other susceptible animals the clinical signs are somewhat different.) In cattle the intestinal wall becomes thickened and has transverse folds called rugae. The surface looks corrugated. Lymph nodes are also affected and at times there are lesions in the liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys. Infections in the uterus and placenta can lead to congenital infection and abortion. Most cattle are infected when young through contaminated feed, colostrum, milk, contaminated bedding and water. The organism is often shed in large number in the feces and for long periods of time. It can live for long periods in fecal material and depending on the environmental and soil conditions, has been known to survive up to 1 year.
Diagnosis. Diagnosis of the disease in live individual animals is difficult for a number of reasons. To date, "there is no single, good test for paratuberculosis and a combination of tests is often used." 1. It seems that it is easier to diagnosis the presence in a herd as apposed to individual animals. Most of the time, the definitive diagnosis is done after an animal has died. Note that in the bibliography, there is research going on to attempt to develop better diagnostic methods for this difficult disease.
Control measures. There is no satisfactory treatment for the disease. The trend toward intensive has made control more difficult. Disease control is via implementing a variety of production practices. Some of the production practices include culling of affected animals, and removal of calves from dams immediately following birth. The calves are then fed pasturized colostrum that is free of fecal contamination and raising them in a facility that is separate from adult cows. Fecal culturing of all cows in a herd can catch those affected early on. Manure removal and facility cleaning can help control the disease. Since a basic soil discourages bacterial survival in soil, liming of pastures is helpful.
Vaccines used in calfhood can be effective in reducing the incidence, but they do not totally eliminate disease. A more effective vaccine is also being researched at this time, but vaccination does not eliminate the need for good production practices.
Resources used above:
1. Aiello, Susan E. and Asa Mays (eds.) The Merck Veterinary Manual, 8th edition. Whitehouse Station, N. J. The Merck & Co, Inc. 1998, p.537-539.
2. Jones, Thomas Carlyle and Ronald Duncan Hunt. Veterinary Pathology, 5th edition. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger. 1983. p 648-664.
3. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1984 Yearbook of Agriculture. Animal Health. Washington, D.C.. The Department. 1984 p. 158-160.
Additional information: Genome Sequencing Completed for Major Dairy Cattle Microbe Manual of Standards Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines. Part 2, Section 2.2, Chapter 2.2.6. Paratuberculosis (Johne's Disease)This document was compiled from various databases. The information is organized alphabetically by author and by publication year. Where there were abstracts in the database, they have been included in this document. The National Agricultural Library call numbers are included.
If the reader is interested in
obtaining copies of the articles, you may request them on inter-library loan
through your local library. Complete document delivery information is available
at http://www.nal.usda.gov/services/request.shtml.
If
you have comments or would like to submit additional information for inclusion
in this document, please contact the compiler at jlarson@nal.usda.gov.
2006 / 2005 / 2004 / 2003 / 2002 / 2001 / 2000 / 1999 / 1998 / 1997 / 1996 / USDA and USDA Sponsored Research
Bielanski, A.; Algire, J.; Randall, G.; Surujballi, O. Risks of
transmitting Mycobacterium avium sp. paratuberculosis by
transfer of in vivo-derived and in vitro-fertilized bovine embryos.
Reproduction, Fertility and Development. 2006; 18(1-2): 212.
ISSN: 1031-3613. Note: 32nd Annual Conference of the International Embryo
Transfer Society, Orlando, Florida, January 7-11, 2006.
NAL Call No.: QP251.R47
Descriptors: Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis, disease transmission risks, fertile bovine embryo
transfer, comparison between in vitro and in vivo.
Rosseels, Valerie; Marche, Sylvie; Roupie, Virginie; Govaerts, Marc;
Godfroid, Jacques; Walravens, Karl; Huygen, Kris. Members of the 30- to
32-kilodalton mycolyl transferase family (Ag85) from culture filtrate of
Mycobactelium avium subsp. paratuberculosis are immunodominant
Th1-type antigens recognized early upon infection in mice and cattle.
Infection and Immunity. 2006; 74(1): 202-212. ISSN: 0019-9567.
URL:
http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=87
NAL
Call No.: QR1.I57
Descriptors: calves,
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strain ATCC 19698,
cattle, B6 bg/bg beige mouse strain, Mycobacterium bovis, vaccine
development, protective antigens, culture filtrate, 10 weeks post experimental
oral infection, lymphoproliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear
cells, T cells.
Return to Contents
Alvarez, J.; Juan, L. de; Briones, V.; Romero, B.; Aranaz, A.;
Fernandez-Garayzabal, J.F.; Mateos, A. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in fallow deer and wild
boar in
URL: http://veterinaryrecord.bvapublications.com/
NAL
Call No.: 41.8 V641
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s
disease, disease incidence, fallow deer, wild boar,
Aly, S.S.; Thurmond, M.C. Evaluation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of dairy cows
attributable to infection status of the dam. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical
Association. 2005;
227(3): 450-454. ISSN: 0003-1488.
URL: http://www.avma.org/
NAL
Call No.: 41.8 AM3
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, dairy cow
infection, transmission levels from mother to calves.
Anonymous. 3rd Annual Symposium of Veterinary
Microbiology and Immunology, Bet
Descriptors: domestic animals, cats,
dogs, cattle, pigs, West Nile virus, Streptococcus, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis,
laboratory animals, fish, various topics, infectious diseases,
immunology.
Aradaib, I.E.; Abbas, Z.A.; Abbas, B.; El Sanousi, S.M. Evaluation of conventional methods and
nested PCR (nPCR) for detection of paratuberculosis in goats. Veterinary Research
Communications. 2005;
29(5): 381-385. ISSN: 0165-7380.
URL: http://www.springerlink.com/(adb1ua55ubfoab45vpcz30vb)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:103009,1
NAL
Call No.: SF601.V38
Descriptors: goats, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, clinical aspects,
diagnostic methods, PCR, animal pathology, case reports, paratuberculosis,
postmortem examinations,
Archuleta, Rebecca Joy; Hoppes, Patricia Yvonne; Primm, Todd
P.
Mycobacterium avium, enters a state of metabolic dormancy in response
to starvation. Tuberculosis
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/14729792
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
complex, biphasic response to starvation, lipid catabolism, mycolate
modification, loss of catalase and urease activities, sensitivity reduction to
antibiotics, atanine tRNA synthetase decline, increase in ribonuclease E levels,
metabolic dormancy, primary reservoir is natural and
municipal water.
Basler, T.; Goethe, R. IRG1 is differentially regulated at the
transcriptional and posttranscriptional level in LPS stimulated and Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis infected murine
macrophages. Immunobiology. 2005; 210(6-8): 395. ISSN: 0171-2985. Note: Joint Annual Meeting of the German
and Scandinavian Societies of Immunology,
NAL Call
No.: QR180.Z4
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, IRG1 gene,
gene expression, in vitro, murine macrophages.
Begg, D.J.; O'Brien, R.; Mackintosh, C.G.;
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=87
NAL
Call No.: QR1.I57
Abstract: Johne's disease in ruminants results in
chronic enteritis caused by the pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. This study examined two M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains (JD3 and W),
using different doses and routes of infection, to establish the optimal time
postchallenge when predictable levels of infection, gut lesions, and clinical
disease occur in a large proportion of sheep. While a small proportion (25%) of sheep
challenged with a low-passage-number laboratory culture of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (strain W) became
infected, no infection was found in animals exposed to a high-passage-number
culture isolate of strain W. In
contrast, a primary tissue homogenate of
M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis
(JD3) resulted in high (90%) infection rates and gut histopathology following
oral or intratonsillar challenge. The optimal conditions necessary to
produce Johne's disease involve oral inoculation of 3-month-old lambs with four
doses of 5 x 108 CFU of M. avium
subsp. paratuberculosis isolated
directly from the gut lymphatic tissues of clinically affected sheep. This resulted in consistent gut
histopathology at 9 months and the onset of clinical disease by 11 months
postchallenge.
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, strain
comparison, strain W, strain JD3, animal disease model, oral inoculations of
lambs, dosing regimen, optimum conditions, dosing age.
Begg, D.J.;
Descriptors: sheep, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease,
Neoparasec (TM) vaccine, comparison study, aqueous formulation of Map 316F
(AquaVax), tested in sheep,
vaccination and challenge with virulent strain, immunological study,
blood, lymphoid tissue in gut, CD4(+), CD8(+), CD25(+), B
cells.
Berghaus, Roy D.; Lombard, Jason E.; Gardner, Ian A.; Farver, Thomas
B. Factor analysis of a Johne's disease risk
assessment questionnaire with evaluation of factor scores and a subset of
original questions as predictors of observed clinical
paratuberculosis. Preventive Veterinary
Medicine. 2005; 72(3-4):
291-309. ISSN: 0167-5877.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01675877
NAL Call
No.: SF601.P7
Descriptors: Johne’s disease risk
assessment, 815 US dairy operations, questionnaire of 38 variables, model based
logistic regression analysis, predictive ability of variables, suggested
revision of questionnaire,
Biet, Franck; Boschiroli, Maria Laura; Thorel, Marie Francoise; Guilloteau,
Laurence A. Zoonotic aspects of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
complex (MAC). Veterinary Research. 2005; 36(3):
411-436. ISSN: 0928-4249.
NAL Call
No.: SF602.A5
Descriptors: livestock, cattle,
humans, wildlife, Mycobacterium bovis,
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, disease
transmission, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, disease control programs,
environmental reservoirs of pathogens, epidemiology, tuberculosis, zoonoses,
Johne’s disease, Crohn’s disease.
Bires, J.; Juras, M.; Beracova, L. Plan kontroly a
eradikacie paratuberkulozy na Slovensku.
[Plan for paratuberculosis control and eradication in
Descriptors: cattle, Johne’s disease,
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, disease control
programs, disease prevalence, disease prevention, epidemiology, paratuberculosis.
Bogli-Stuber, K.; Kohler, C.; Seitert, G.; Glanemann, B.; Antognoli, M.C.;
Salman, M.D.; Wittenbrink, M.M.; Wittwer, M.; Wassenaar, T.; Jemmi, T.;
Bissig-Choisat, B. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss dairy cattle
by real-time PCR and culture: a comparison of the two assays. Journal of Applied Microbiology.
2005; 99(3): 587-597. ISSN: 1364-5072.
URL: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=1364-5072
NAL
Call No.: QR1.J687
Descriptors: Swiss dairy cattle,
diagnostic assays, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, fecal
sampling, 13 dairy herds, in vitro culture, real time PCR, alternative method,
Switzerland.
Bradley, T.L.; Cannon, R.M. Determining the sensitivity of abattoir
surveillance for ovine Johne's disease. Australian Veterinary Journal.
2005; 83(10): 633-636. ISSN: 0005-0423.
URL: http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL
Call No.: 41.8
AU72
Descriptors: sheep, Johne's disease,
intestinal tract lesions, post slaughter sampling, diagnostic test validation,
histopathological examination, experienced meat inspectors, sheep
identification, inspector surveillance was 70%.
Brugere-Picoux, J.; Maillard, R.; Douart, A. Paratubercolosi: quali test diagnostici
utilizzare? [Paratuberculosis:
which diagnostic tests to use?]
Summa. 2005; 22(6): 50-54, 2. Note: In Italian with an English summary.
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, diagnostic
assays, fecal culture, PCR, mesenteric lymph note biopsy, immunological methods,
complement fixation, indirect immunofluorescence, gel precipitation test, ELISA,
review of advantages and disadvantages.
Bujnakova, D.; Melicharek,
Descriptors: cattle, fecal sampling,
PCR, IS900, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis,
detection method, quantitative analysis,
Bulte, Michael; Schoenenbruecher, Holger; Abdulmawjood,
Amir. From farm to fork - Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) als Zoonoseerreger?
[From farm to fork - Mycobacterium
avium ssp paratuberculosis (MAP)
as zoonotic agent?] Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche
Wochenschrift. 2005; 118(9-10):
377-385. ISSN: 0005-9366. Note: In German with an English summary.
NAL Call No.: 41.8 B45
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, Crohn’s
disease, potential zoonotic disease, transmission from infected animals to
humans, intensive research for diagnosis, valid epidemiological
investigations.
Cheng, J.; Bull, T.J.; Dalton, P.; Cen, S.; Finlayson, C.; Hermon Taylor, J.
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the inflamed gut
tissues of patients with Crohn's disease in
URL:http://www.springerlink.com/(dtfvovf5jv3uot2uol4kxtvj)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100229,1
NAL
Call No.: QR1.M562
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s
disease, Crohn’s disease, milk production and consumption increases in China, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in intestines of
human’s with Crohn’s, possible association with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, recommend testing
dairy herds and retail milk.
Conraths, F.J.; Kohler, H.; Werner, O.; Beer, M.; Depner, K.R.; Geue, L.;
Kaden,V.; Staubach, C.; Potzsch, C.; Schares, G.; Mettenleiter, T.C. The "Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut": past,
present and future of research in infectious diseases of animals. Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche
Wochenschrift. 2005;
118(9/10): 354-364. ISSN: 0005-9366. Note: In English with a German summary.
NAL Call No.: 41.8
B45
Descriptors: Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut,
research accomplishments, history, poultry, pigs, livestock, animal diseases,
aquatic animals, infectious diseases, biosafety, diagnosis, diagnostic
techniques, foot and mouth disease, neosporosis, parasitoses, paratuberculosis,
prion diseases, swine fever, zoonoses, Aphthovirus, avian influenza, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Neospora caninum, swine fever virus,
Germany.
Corn, Joseph L.; Manning, Elizabeth J.B.; Sreevatsan, Srinand; Fischer, John
R.
Isolation of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from free-ranging birds
and mammals on livestock premises. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology. 2005;
71(11): 6963-6967. ISSN: 0099-2240.
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=83
NAL
Call No.: 448.3
AP5
Descriptors: dairy farms, 25
mammalian species sampled, 22 avian species sampled, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, ileum, liver,
intestinal lymph nodes, feces, radiometric culture, acid fast isolates,
16S/IS900/IS1311 PCR and mycobactin dependency testing, 9 mammals and 3 avian
species were positive, effect probably negative compared to manure, Wisconsin,
Georgia, United States.
Coussens, P.M.; Pudrith, C.B.; Skovgaard, K.; Ren, X.; Suchyta, S.P.; Stabel,
J.R.; Heegaard, P.M.H. Johne's disease in cattle is associated
with enhanced expression of genes encoding IL-5, GATA-3, tissue inhibitors of
matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2, and factors promoting apoptosis in peripheral
blood mononuclear cells. Veterinary Immunology and
Immunopathology. 2005;
105(3-4): 221-234. ISSN:
0165-2427. Note: In the special issue: Functional Genomics of Host-Pathogen
Interactions in Species of Veterinary Importance, edited by E.J. Glass and
P.M. Coussens.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5189&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=f5f60e05fe0e447c7311059c14754776
NAL
Call No.: SF757.2.V38
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, cattle
disease, peripheral mononuclear blood cells, enhanced gene expression, IL-5,
GATA-3, tissue inhibitors, metalloproteinases 1 and 2,
apoptosis.
Crossley, Beate M.; Zagmutt Vergara, Francisco J.; Fyock, Terry L.; Whitlock,
Robert H.; Gardner, Ian A. Fecal shedding of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by dairy
cows. Veterinary
Microbiology. 2005;
107(3-4): 257-263. ISSN: 0378-1135.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5190&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=7e99acb030d8f79b52d4e03a1c31a5f8
NAL
Call No.: SF601.V44
Descriptors: 786 dairy cows; shedding
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, 93 dairy herds,
disease prevalence, fecal sampling, cultured in Herrold's egg yolk medium,
livestock numbers, seasonal variation, herd size, multivariable negative
binomial model, Pennsylvania.
D'Haese, E.; Dumon,
URL: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=DAR&bVolume=y
NAL
Call No.: 44.8
J823
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, detection in
milk samples, sample pretreatment, solid phase cytometry, detection of viable
cells in 1 day.
Deutz, Armin; Spergser, Joachim; Wagner, Peter; Rosengarten, Renate; Koefer,
Josef. Nachweise von Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis bei wildtieren und
rindern in der Steiermark/Osterreich.
[Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis in
wild animal species and cattle in Styria/Austria.] Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche
Wochenshrift. 2005; 118(7-8):
314-320. ISSN: 0005-9366. Note: In German.
NAL Call No.: 41.8
B45
Descriptors: clinical aspects,
diarrhea, epidemiology, disease prevalence, disease surveys, disease
transmission, fetus, histopathology, liver, lungs, lymph nodes, Johne’s disease,
paratuberculosis, wild animals, cattle, Capra ibex, Capreolus capreolus, red deer, Cervus elaphus, chamois, fallow deer,
foxes, hares, mouflon, Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis,
Austria.
Djonne, B.; Pavlik,
NAL Call
No.: 41.8
AC87
Descriptors: cattle, goats, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, genotype variation,
51 isolates from goats, 4 isolates from cattle, IS900 RFLP analysis, no
differences in host origin, epidemiological surveys, 5 new RFLP found,
epidemiology, genetic variation, genotypes, paratuberculosis, Norway.
Donat, K.; Eulenberger, Karin; Kaempfer,
NAL Call No.: 41.8 T445
Descriptors: Saxon cattle herds,
blood sampling (55,394) for antibody testing, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, commercial test
IDEXX Worrstadt, prevalence testing, data on herd positives, Saxony,
Germany.
Douart, A.; Maillard, R. Il controllo della paratubercolosi
bovina. [Monitoring of bovine paratuberculosis.] Summa. 2005;
22(6): 45-48, 2. Note: In Italian with an English summary.
Descriptors: cattle, Johne’s disease,
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, PCR, monitoring programs, disease surveys,
control programs, disease prevention and control, vaccination, paratuberculosis,
Italy.
Dunn, J.R.; Kaneene, J.B.; Grooms, D.L.; Bolin, S.R.; Bolin, C.A.;
Bruning-Fann, C.S. Effects of positive results
for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as determined by
microbial culture of feces or antibody ELISA on results of caudal fold
tuberculin test and interferon-gamma assay for tuberculosis in
cattle. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical
Association. 2005;
226(3): 429-435. ISSN: 0003-1488.
NAL Call
No.: 41.8 AM3
Descriptors: cattle,
paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, fecal
culture, antibody ELISA, caudal fold TB test, interferon-gamma
assay.
Dupont, Chris; Thompson, Keith; Heuer, Cord; Gicquel, Brigitte; Murray,
Alan. Identification and
characterization of an immunogenic 22 kDa exported protein of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Journal of Medical
Microbiology. 2005; 54(11): 1083-1092. ISSN: 0022-2615.
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, exported 22
kDa putative lipoprotein, alkaline phosphatase gene fusion library, LppX/LprAFG
family of mycobacterial lipoproteins, antibody to p22, detected in vaccinated
sheep, clinical and subclinical infected cows.
Durham, S. ARS collaborates in regional dairy quality
management alliance. Agricultural
Research. 2005; 53(4):
20. ISSN:
0002-161X.
URL: http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/
NAL Call No.: 1.98 AG84
Descriptors: USDA, Agricultural
Research Service, dairy industry, quality control, best management practices,
dairy products, dairy cows, food safety, animal health, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, food pathogens, Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter,
genetic techniques and protocols, milk analysis, New York, Pennsylvania,
Vermont.
Elad, D. The 3rd Annual Symposium of Veterinary
Microbiology and Immunology.
Descriptors: dairy cattle, monkeys,
cats, dogs, mice, pigs, fish, various animal diseases, diagnosis, diagnostic
techniques, disease control, ELISA, epidemiology, pathogenesis, genomes,
immunology, macrophages, immune responses, paratuberculosis, gastroenteritis,
relapsing fever, West Nile fever, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Borrelia, Streptococcus iniae,
Israel.
Ellingson, J.L.E.; Stabel, J.R.; Radcliff, R.P.; Whitlock, R.H.; Miller,
J.M. Detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in free-ranging bison
(Bison bison) by
PCR. Molecular and Cellular Probes.
2005; 19(3): 219-225. ISSN: 0890-8508.
URL:
NAL
Call No.: RB43.7.M63
Descriptors: North American Bison,
free ranging animals, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis,
detection with PCR, 25 animals with clinical signs of Johne’s disease, frozen
and paraffin-embedded ileum, jejuniun, ileocecal lymph nodes, post slaughter, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was
found.
Eppleston, J.; Reddacliff, L.; Windsor, P.; Links,
URL: http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL
Call No.: 41.8
AU72
Descriptors: Johne’s disease, sheep,
vaccination, shedding, Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis,
Gudair, immunologic drug, immunostimulant drug, immunology, disease prevention
and control,
Ezanno, P.; Van Schaik, G.; Weber, M.F.; Heesterbeek,
J.A.P. A
modeling study on the sustainability of a certification-and-monitoring program
for paratuberculosis in cattle. Veterinary Research. 2005; 36(5/6): 811-826. ISSN: 0928-4249.
NAL Call
No.: SF602.A5
Descriptors: cattle, cattle herd
health, disease monitoring, Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis,
Dutch disease control programs, certification disease control, Johne’s disease,
paratuberculosis, computer model.
Gao, Anli; Odumeru, Joseph;
Raymond, Melinda; Mutharia, Lucy.
Development of improved method
for isolation of Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis from bulk
tank milk: Effect of age of milk,
centrifugation, and decontamination. Canadian Journal of Veterinary
Research. 2005; 69(2):
81-87. ISSN: 0830-9000.
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=133
NAL
Call No.: SF601.C24
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s
disease, Crohn’s disease, microbial contamination, isolating Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from bulk raw milk,
spiking with 50-200 colonies/mL, centrifugation, decontamination,
hexadecylpyridinium chloride.
Georgiadis, M.P.; Johnson, W.O.;
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5145&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=c5bc3d9e1bb66468352ae1f5475d522f
Descriptors: cattle, Johne’s disease,
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, screening, testing
accuracy, calculation, estimation, sample size, statistical analysis,
techniques, Excel spreadsheet template http://www.epi.ucdavis.edu/diagnostictests/
Godfroid, J.; Delcorps, C.; Irenge, L.M.; Walravens, K.;
Descriptors: wild
Gonzalez, J.; Geijo, M.V.; Garcia-Pariente, C.; Verna, A.; Corpa, J.M.;
Reyes, L.E.; Ferreras, M.C.; Juste, R.A.; Marin, J.F. Garcia; Perez, V. Histopathological classification of lesions
associated with natural paratuberculosis infection in cattle.
Journal of Comparative Pathology. 2005; 133(2-3): 184-196. ISSN: 0021-9975.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=6861&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=6091bef4d15aae1adbceffba708c6eb8
Descriptors: Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, cattle lesions, adult
cows, with and without clinical signs, gut lymphoid tissue, 5 categories of
lesions, ileum, jejunum, intestinal villi, thickening of intestinal
wall.
Grant, Irene R.; Williams, Alan G.; Rowe, Michael T.; Muir, D.
Donald. Efficacy of various pasteurization
time-temperature conditions in combination with homogenization on inactivation
of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology. 2005;
71(6): 2853-2861. ISSN: 0099-2240.
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=83
NAL
Call No.: 448.3
AP5
Descriptors: Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, milk contamination,
homogenization, pathogen inactivation, time/temperature conditions, HTST
pasteurization.
Grant, I.R.; Williams, A.G.; Rowe, M.T.; Muir, D.D. Investigation of the impact of simulated
commercial centrifugation and microfiltration conditions on levels of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in milk. International Journal of
Dairy Technology. 2005;
58(3): 138-142. ISSN: 1364-727X.
URL: http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/servlet/useragent?func=showIssues&code=idt
NAL
Call No.: SF221.I58
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, microbial
contaminate of raw milk, milk processing, decontamination process,
centrifugation, microfiltration.
Griffin, J. Frank T.; Spittle, Evelyn; Rodgers, Christie R.; Liggett, Simon;
Cooper, Marc; Bakker, Douwe; Bannantine, John P. Immunoglobulin G1 enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Johne's disease in
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=84
Descriptors: farmed red deer,
serodiagnosis, Johne’s disease, denatured purified protein derivative (PPDj),
undenatured protoplasmic antigen (PpAg), ELISA, antigen reactivity of IgG1,
compared non pathological and those with pathological
diseases.
Groenendaal, H. Control programs for Johne's disease.
Advances in Dairy Technology Proceedings of
the Western Canadian Dairy Seminar. 2005; 17: 81-94.
ISSN: 1184-0684. Note: Seminar held March 8-11, 2005,
URL: http://www.wcds.afns.ualberta.ca/
NAL
Call No.: SF223.W478
Descriptors: dairy herds,
paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, disease
prevalence, disease surveillance, disease control, simulation models, culling
animals, dairy herd management,
Groenendaal, Huybert. Epidemiologic and Economic Risk Analysis of
Johne's Disease Control. [Wageningen: s.n., 2005?]; 160 p., ill. ISBN: 9085042135. Note: Doctoral dissertation, Wageningen
Universiteit. In
English with a Dutch summary.
NAL
Call No.: DISS F2005041
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis,
epidemiology, risk analysis, economic factors, disease control methods, The
Netherlands.
Harwood, D. My goat's got diarrhoea: common causes and
disease management. Veterinary Times.
2005; 35(41): 20-21. ISSN: 1352-9374.
Descriptors: goats, kids, diarrhea,
cause, disease management and control, fluids, acidosis, mineral deficiencies
and therapy, poisonings, common pathogens, etiology, diagnosis, fascioliasis,
parasitoses, salmonellosis, sulfonamides, Clostridium perfringens, Cryptosporidium parvum, Eimeria christenseni, Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae, Escherichia coli, Fasciola, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Salmonella, Trichostrongylus, Secernentea,
Strongylida, treatments, anthelmintics, antibiotics, sulfonamides, United
Kingdom.
Hendrick, Steven H.; Kelton, David F.; Leslie, Ken E.; Lissemore, Kerry D.;
Archambault, Marie; Duffield, Todd F. Effect of paratuberculosis on culling, milk
production, and milk quality in dairy herds. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical
Association. 2005;
227(8): 1302-1308. ISSN: 0003-1488.
URL: http://www.avma.org/
NAL
Call No.: 41.8
AM3
Descriptors: Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, dairy cattle, 9
infected dairy herds, disease effects, culling, milk production, milk quality,
fecal sampling, mycobacterial culture, serum sampling, ELISA testing, mixed
effect and proportional hazards models, disease effects on: 305-day milk levels,
fat, protein production, somatic cell count linear score, potential cow
longevity.
Holstad, G.; Sigurdardottir, O.G.; Storset, A.K.; Tharaldsen, J.; Nyberg, O.;
Schonheit, J.; Djonne, B. Description of the infection
status in a Norwegian cattle herd naturally infected by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 2005; 46(1/2): 45-56. ISSN: 0044-605X. Note: In English with a Danish summary.
NAL Call
No.: 41.8
AC87
Descriptors: dairy cattle, goats, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, age differences,
serological survey, diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, antibodies, antibody
testing, histopathology, immunoassay, immunodiagnosis, interferon,
paratuberculosis, RFLP, restriction fragment length polymorphism, disease
prevalence, disease surveys, epidemiological surveys, epidemiology
seroprevalence, surveillance and control program, Norway.
Hostetter,J.; Huffman, E.; Byl, K.; Steadham, E.
Inducible nitric oxide synthase
immunoreactivity in the granulomatous intestinal lesions of naturally occurring
bovine Johne's disease. Veterinary Pathology. 2005; 42(3): 241-249. ISSN: 0300-9858.
URL: http://www.vetpathology.org/contents-by-date.0.shtml
NAL
Call No.: 41.8 P27
Abstract: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
is important in the control of a number of intracellular pathogens, including
mycobacteria, and is a marker of classic macrophage activation. In human granulomatous diseases such as
leprosy, a spectrum of granulomatous lesions is described, ranging from the
tuberculoid to lepromatous types. Tuberculoid granulomas are associated
with enhanced iNOS production and improved clinical outcomes over the
lepromatous types. The aim of this
study is to determine whether an association exists between morphology of bovine
Johne's disease granulomas and lesion macrophage effector functions. To accomplish this, we retrospectively
evaluated 24 cases of bovine Johne's disease. In each case, we recorded the predominant
granuloma morphology and evaluated iNOS immunoreactivity and bacterial burden by
acid-fast stains and mycobacterial immunolabeling. The results of this study demonstrate
that all cases had granulomas with features most similar to the lepromatous
type. This morphology correlated with heavy bacterial burdens demonstrated by
acid-fast staining and mycobacterial immunoreactivity. None of the cases had high expression of
iNOS in mycobacterial-positive granulomas. When iNOS immunoreactivity was
identified, it was usually located near the crypts and was distinct from the
granulomatous foci.
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, iNOS,
morphology of bovine Johne's disease granulomas, lesion macrophage effector
functions, granuloma morphology, acid-fast stains, mycobacterial immunolabeling,
crypts.
Hostetter, Jesse Michael; Steadham, Edward. Immune scrum opsonization effects on
non-tuberculous mycobacterial interaction with macrophages. FASEB
Journal. 2005; 19(5, Suppl. S, Pt. 2): A1515.
ISSN: 0892-6638. Note: Experimental Biology 2005 Meeting, 35th
International Congress of Physiological Sciences,
URL: http://www.fasebj.org/contents-by-date.0.shtml
NAL
Call No.: QH301.F3
Descriptors: Mycobacterium
avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, antibody is
opsonizing, may promote killing, independent of nitric oxide and phagosome
acidification.
Hostetter, J.; Kagan, R.; Steadham, E. Opsonization effects on Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-macrophage
interactions. Clinical and Diagnostic
Laboratory Immunology. 2005; 12(6): 793-796. ISSN: 1071-412X.
URL: http://www.fasebj.org/contents-by-date.0.shtml
NAL
Call No.:
RB46.5
Descriptors: macrophages, ability to
limit proliferation of bacteria, opsonized Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis.
Hughes, M.S.; Ball, N.W.; McCarroll, J.; Erskine, M.; Taylor, M.J.; Pollock,
J.M.; Skuce, R.A.; Neill, S.D. Molecular analyses of mycobacteria other
than the M-tuberculosis complex
isolated from
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03781135
NAL Call No.: SF601.V44
Descriptors: cattle, antigens, genes,
bovine tuberculosis, Johne’s disease, diagnostic techniques, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium
kansasii, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium malmoense, Mycobacterium bohemicum, Mycobacterium holsaticum, Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum, Mycobacterium palustre, Mycobacterium sp. IWGMT-90210, Mycobacterium sp. LIV-2129, Northern
Ireland, United Kingdom.
Huntley, J.F.J.; Whitlock, R.H.; Bannantine, J.P.; Stabel, J.R. Comparison of
diagnostic detection methods for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in North American
Bison. Veterinary Pathology. 2005; 42(1): 42-51. ISSN: 0300-9858.
URL: http://www.vetpathology.org/contents-by-date.0.shtml
NAL
Call No.: 41.8 P27
Abstract: Tissues and fecal material were
collected from 14 North American Bison (Bison bison) that were suspected of
having Johne's disease and analyzed for the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (M. paratuberculosis). Sections of ileum, ileal-cecal lymph
node, and three sequential sections of jejunum with their associated mesenteric
lymph nodes were taken from each animal. Fecal culture indicated that 5 of 14
(35.7%) animals were infected, whereas cultures from tissues detected 12 of 14
(85.7%) animals as infected and 59 of 111 (53.2%) of the tissues as positive for
M. paratuberculosis. Polymerase chain reaction analysis
identified infection in 14 of 14 (100%) animals and in 91 of 112 (81.2%)
tissues. In addition, tissues were
processed for Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast staining, auramine O/acridine orange
fluorescent staining, and immunohistochemical staining. Ziehl-Neelsen and
auramine O staining identified 7 of 14 (50%) and 5 of 14 (35.7%) animals as
infected and 24 of 112 (21.4%) and 28 of 112 (25%) tissues as positive,
respectively. Immunohistochemical
analyses of bison tissues, using antisera collected from rabbits immunized with
four different preparations of M.
paratuberculosis, identified a greater percentage of infected animals
(ranging from 57 to 93%) and positive tissues (ranging from 28 to 46%). Collectively, these data indicate that
DNA-based detection of M.
paratuberculosis was more sensitive than bacterial culture or staining,
identified infection in all the bison, and detected the greatest number of
positive tissues within each animal.
Descriptors: North American Bison,
possible Johne’s disease, tissue and fecal sampling, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, ileum, ileal-cecal
lymph node, and three sequential sections of jejunum & associated mesenteric
lymph nodes, fecal culture, PCR analysis, Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast staining,
auramine O/acridine orange fluorescent staining, and immunohistochemical
staining, sensitivity of various detection methods.
Huntley, J.F.; Stabel, J.R.; Paustian, M.L.; Reinhardt, T.A.; Bannantine,
J.P. Expression library immunization confers
protection against Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis
infection. Infection and Immunity. 2005; 73(10): 6877-6884. ISSN:
0019-9567.
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=87
NAL
Call No.: QR1.I57
Descriptors: expression library
immunization, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, DNA
vaccines, mice immunization, gene gun delivery, live virulent strain challenge,
26 antigens seem to generate protection.
Huntley, Jason F.J.; Stabel, Judith R.; Bannantine, John
P.
Immunoreactivity of the Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis 19-kDa
lipoprotein. BMC Microbiology. 2005; 5(January 21). ISSN:
1471-2180.
URL: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/tocrender.fcgi?action=archive&journal=44
Descriptors: cattle, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, gene encoding 19-kDa
lipoprotein, immunomodulator, Johne’s disease, MAP0261, IFN gamma production
measured in infected cows, sera testing, not sensitive enough for an
assay.
Ikiz, Serkan; Bagcigil, A. Funda; Ak, Seyyal; Ozgur, N. Yakut; Lgaz,
Atilla. Paratuberculosis in cattle in
NAL Call No.: 41.8
M463
Descriptors: cattle, adult animals,
fecal sampling, Mycobacterium avium
subsp. paratuberculosis, PCR, IS900
gene, results negative, recommended further studies, Trakya,
Turkey.
Jansen, J.; Godkin, A. Raising Johne's-free calves.
Advances in Dairy Technology.
Proceedings of the Western Canadian Dairy
Seminar. 2005; 17: 217-225. ISSN: 1184-0684. Note: Seminar held March 8-11, 2005,
URL: http://www.wcds.afns.ualberta.ca/
NAL Call No.: SF223.W478
Descriptors: paratuberculosis,
Johne’s disease prevention, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, disease transmission,
dairy herd management, cattle manure management.
Juan, L. de ; Mateos, A.; Dominguez, L.; Sharp,
J.M.; Stevenson, K. Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates from goats
detected by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Veterinary Microbiology. 2005; 106(3-4): 249-257. ISSN: 0378-1135.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=JournalURL&_cdi=5190&_auth=y&_acct=C000052423&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4250348&md5=7e99acb030d8f79b52d4e03a1c31a5f8
NAL Call No.: SF601.V44
Descriptors: goats, sheep, diagnosis,
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, 44 clinical isolates
characterized, epidemiology, diagnostic techniques, genetic diversity,
genotypes, PCR, pulsed field electrophoresis, RFLP.
Jubb, T.F. The effect of interpreting an ELISA at a
lower cut-off on detection of clinical cases of bovine Johne's
disease. Australian Veterinary
Journal. 2005; 83(5):
305-307. ISSN: 0005-0423.
URL: http://www.ava.com.au/avjpast.php?journalid=9&plink=avj03.htm
NAL
Call No.: 41.8 AU72
Descriptors: Johne’s disease, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, diagnosis, ELISA
testing, positive results interpretation.
Judge, Johanna; Kyriazakis, Ilias; Greig, Alastair; Allcroft, David J.;
Hutchings, Michael R. Clustering of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in rabbits and the
environment: How hot is a hot spot. Applied and Environmental
Microbiology. 2005;
71(10): 6033-6038. ISSN:
0099-2240.
URL: http://aem.asm.org/contents-by-date.0.shtml
NAL Call No.: 448.3 AP5
Abstract: Clustering of pathogens
in the environment leads to hot spots of diseases at local, regional, national,
and international levels.
Descriptors: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, cattle, epidemiology,
rabbits are a reservoirs, spatial and temporal dynamics, environmental patterns
of infection, seasonal effects, spatial distribution of pathogen, Johne’s
disease, disease transmission, disease prevalence, seasonal variation, risk to
livestock, Scotland.
Judge, J.; Greig, A.; Kyriazakis,
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01678809
NAL
Call No.: S601.A34
Descriptors: cattle, sheep, rabbits,
contaminated rabbit droppings, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Johne’s disease,
contaminated pastures, disease transmission via ingestion of feces while
grazing, risks to herbivores, grazing study, no avoidance of droppings,
plant-height affects levels of ingestion of rabbit droppings, United
Kingdom.
Juste, R.A.; Garrido, J.M.; Geijo, M.; Elguezabal, N.; Aduriz, G.;
Atxaerandio, R.; Sevilla, I. Comparison of blood
polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle
and sheep. Journal of Veterinary
Diagnostic Investigation. 2005; 17(4): 354-359. ISSN: 1040-6387.
NAL Call No.: SF774.J68
Descriptors: cattle, cows, heifers,
sheep, ewes, lambs, Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis
infection, Johne’s disease, diagnosis, diagnostic techniques, ELISA assay, PCR,
blood test comparison, test accuracy.
Kiehnbaum,