 Animal Models of DiseaseProvided by the Animal Welfare
Information Center
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January 1988 - January 1994
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Library
10301 Baltimore Blvd.
Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351
QB 94-19
Animal Models of DiseaseProvided by the Animal Welfare
Information Center
|
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Library
10301 Baltimore Blvd.
Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351
QB 94-19
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Quick Bibliography Series: QB 94-19
Updates QB 93-61
226 citations from AGRICOLA
Cynthia P. Smith and Jean A. Larson
Animal Welfare Information Center
April 1994 National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record:
Smith, Cynthia Petrie
Animal models of disease.
(Quick bibliography series ; 94-19)
1.Diseases--Animal models--Bibliography. I. Larson, Jean A. II. Title.
aZ5071.N3 no.94-19
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AGRICOLA
Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA database between January 1979 and the present.
SAMPLE CITATIONS
Citations in this bibliography are from the National Agricultural Library's
AGRICOLA database. An explanation of sample journal article, book, and
audiovisual citations appears below.
JOURNAL ARTICLE:
Citation # NAL Call No.
Article title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher. Journal Title. Date. Volume
(Issue). Pages. (NAL Call Number).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL 389.8.SCH6
Morrison, S.B. Denver, Colo.: American School Food Service Association.
School foodservice journal. Sept 1987. v. 41 (8). p.48-50. ill.
BOOK:
Citation # NAL Call Number
Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date. Information on pagination,
indices, or bibliographies.
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL RM218.K36 1987
Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
Kane, June Kozak. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
Includes index. xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm. Bibliography: p. 126.
AUDIOVISUAL:
Citation # NAL Call Number
Title.
Author. Place of publication: Publisher, date.
Supplemental information such as funding. Media format
(i.e., videocassette): Description (sound, color, size).
Example:
1 NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV
All aboard the nutri-train.
Mayo, Cynthia. Richmond, Va.: Richmond Public Schools,
1981. NET funded. Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
Mayo. 1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
activity packet. Animal Models of Disease
January 1988 - January 1994
SEARCH STRATEGY
Set Items Description
1 956 ANIMAL( )MODEL?
2 239418 DISEASE??
3 449 S1 AND S2
4 255 S3 AND PY=1988:1994
Animal Models of Disease
1 NAL Call. No.: RC628.A1O2
Abnormalities of plasma lipoproteins in a new genetically obese rat with non-
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Wistar fatty rat). Jiao, S.; Matsuzawa,
Y.; Matsubara, K.; Kubo, M.; Tokunaga, K.; Odaka, H.; Ikeda, H.; Matsuo, T.;
Tarui, S.
Basingstoke, Hampshire : The Macmillan Press Ltd; 1991 Jul. International
journal of obesity v. 15 (7): p. 487-495; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Obesity; Diabetes mellitus; Insulin; Cholesterol acyltransferase;
Lipoproteins; Apolipoproteins; Blood plasma; Diet; Intestinal absorption; Rats
Abstract: We investigated plasma lipoprotein profiles and the activities of
tissue cholesterol regulating enzymes in Wistar fatty rats, an animal model for
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Wistar fatty rats were made by
transfer of the fa gene to the Wistar Kyoto rats by backcross-breeding. Wistar
fatty and control non-diabetic littermates were given a laboratory chow or an
atherogenic diet containing 1 percent (weight percent) cholesterol, 0.5 percent
cholic acid, and 5 percent lard. Under the chow diet, plasma fasting glucose
and immunoreactive insulin concentrations in Wistar fatty rats were 1.5- and 6-
fold higher than controls, respectively. Plasma cholesterol was significantly
increased in Wistar fatty rats compared with controls. Elevated plasma
cholesterol levels in Wistar fatties was accounted for by the increases of
cholesterol content in the d < 1.006 g/ml lipoprotein and high-density
lipoproteins. Under the atherogenic diet, plasma cholesterol levels in Wistar
fatties were further increased by 129 percent compared with controls. The diet-
induced increase of cholesterol contents was shown in all lipoprotein classes
for Wistar fatty rats. The activities of regulatory enzymes for cholesterol
biosynthesis or absorption were measured in Wistar fatty rats. Both hepatic and
intestinal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase activities were
significantly higher in Wistar fatty rats than those in controls (P < 0.05 and
P < 0.01, respectively). ACAT activities in Wistar fatties were significantly
increased in the intestine (P < 0.05) and decreased in the liver in comparison
with controls (P < 0.01). Cholesterol loading caused suppression of HMG-CoA
reductase activities and enhancement of ACAT activities of both tissues in
Wistar fatty rats as much as in controls. These data suggest that
hypercholesterolemia in the NIDDM rats might be attributed to the increases in
both de novo synthesis and intestinal absorption of cholesterol. Magnified
response of
2 NAL Call. No.: RA784.A1I5
Activity-induced anorexia in rats does not affect hypothalamic neuropeptide
gene expression chronically.
Wong, M.L.; Licinio, J.; Gold, P.W.; Glowa, J.
New York, N.Y. : John Wiley & Sons; 1993 May.
The International journal of eating disorders v. 13 (4): p. 399-405; 1993 May.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Physical activity; Anorexia; Hypothalamus; Neuropeptides; Gene
expression; Rats
Abstract: Hypothalamic neuropeptides are thought to contribute to the
pathophysiology of eating disorders. In an animal model with chronic
abnormalities of energy expenditure, appetitive behavior, and body weight,
without acute food restriction, we found alterations in peripheral levels of
adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone, but no alterations in the
expression of neuropeptides genes that are known to regulate ingestive behavior
and food intake acutely. Our data suggest that activation of hypothalamic-
pituitary-adrenal function in activity anorexia may not be due to increased
transcription of corticotropin-releasing hormone gene, but might be related to
posttranscriptional events or to other neuropeptides, such as arginine
vasopressin. Furthermore, we suggest that abnormalities in neuropeptides
observed in eating disorders may be caused by acute food restriction, rather
than by chronic hyperactivity, anorexia, and low weight.
3 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 J824
Acute effects of exercise on food intake in obese and nonobese women.
Kissileff, H.R.; Pi-Sunyer, F.X.; Segal, K.; Meltzer, S.; Foelsch, P.A.
Baltimore, Md. : American Society for Clinical Nutrition; 1990 Aug. American
journal of clinical nutrition v. 52 (2): p. 240-245. charts; 1990 Aug.
Includes 29 references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Appetite; Exercise; Energy expenditure; Food intake; Obesity;
Hunger; Satiety; Women
Abstract: The animal model of exercise-induced anorexia was employed in humans
to develop a laboratory paradigm for studying the acute effect of exercise on
food intake. Each of nine obese and nine nonobese women exercised either
strenuously (90 W) or moderately (30 W) on a cycle ergometer for 40 min or
rested in the laboratory on each of 3 nonconsecutive days. Intake of a
liquefied test meal (1.04 kcal/g) eaten 15 min after exercise was significantly
less after the strenuous (620 g) than after the moderate (754 g) exercise in
the nonobese women but was no different after the two conditions (532 g after
strenuous, 581 g after moderate) in the obese women. Heart rate and energy
expenditure were increased in proportion to the exercise by the same amount in
both groups. The results demonstrate for the first time that food intake is
reduced immediately after strenuous exercise in nonobese women, as it is in
animals, and validate the feasibility of this laboratory paradigm.
4 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 P27
Age-related changes in the prostate and testes of the beagle dog. Lowseth,
L.A.; Gerlach, R.F.; Gillett, N.A.; Muggenburg, B.A. Lawrence, Kan. : American
College of Veterinary Pathologists; 1990 Sep. Veterinary pathology v. 27 (5):
p. 347-353; 1990 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dogs; Prostate; Weight; Testes; Histology; Blood serum;
Testosterone; Aging; Age differences; Animal models
5 NAL Call. No.: TX345.B74
Alcoholism and folate homeostasis.
Halsted, C.H.
San Diego, Calif. : Academic Press; 1989.
Bristol-Myers Squibb/Mead Johnson nutrition symposia v. 7: p. 249-266. charts;
1989. In the series analytic: Nutrition and the Origins of Disease / edited by
G.H. Halsted and R.B. Rucker. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Folic acid; Alcoholism; Vitamin deficiencies; Nutrition
physiology; Liver; Nutrient balance; Literature reviews
Abstract: This chapter examines a variety of issues relating to folate
deficiency and alcoholism: 1) incidence; 2) clinical significance (anemia,
intestinal mucosa, hepatic injury and regeneration); 3) pathogenesis (dietary
inadequacy, intestinal malabsorption; hepatobiliary metabolism, urinary
excretion); and 4) animal models.
6 NAL Call. No.: SF601.J65
Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in canine lymphoma.
Vail, D.M.; Ogilvie, G.K.; Wheeler, S.L.; Fettman, M.J.; Johnston, S.D.;
Hegstad, R.L.
Hagerstown, Md. : American College of Veterinary Medicine; 1990 Jan. Journal of
veterinary internal medicine v. 4 (1): p. 8-11; 1990 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dogs; Lymphoma; Carbohydrate metabolism disorders; Blood sugar;
Glucose tolerance; Blood serum; Lactic acid; Insulin; Cachexia; Disease models;
Animal models
7 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
Alternatives to the use of conventional research animals in neoplasia research.
Ladiges, W.C.
Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 Mar01.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (5): p. 674-676;
1992 Mar01. Paper presented at the symposium "Animal welfare and alternatives
to animals--current knowledge and research needs", July 31, 1991, Seattle,
Washington. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Medical research; Neoplasms; Animal
models; Disease models
8 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1J68
Amino acid availability and brain development: effects of nutritional and
metabolic inadequacies.
Huether, G.
Basingstoke : The Macmillan Press Ltd; 1989.
European journal of clinical nutrition v. 43 (suppl.1): p. 19-25; 1989.
Includes 25 references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Amino acids; Bioavailability; Brain disorders;
Hyperphenylalaninemia; Child development; Protein metabolism; Protein
synthesis; Malnutrition; Neurotransmitters; Serotonin; Animal models; Man
Abstract: Inadequacies of the brain's amino acid supply are relevant to the
processes of protein accretion and transmitter synthesis during brain
development. Experimental hyperphenylalaninaemia has demonstrated the
consequences of rather severe imbalances of the brain's amino acid supply. An
inadequate supply of essential amino acids has been shown to influence a
variety of developmental processes.
9 NAL Call. No.: QP501.C6
An animal model of systemic carnitine deficiency produced by haemodialysis of
sheep.
Snoswell, A.M.; Fishlock, R.C.; Runciman, W.B.; Carapetis, R. Oxford : Pergamon
Press; 1989.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology : B : Comparative biochemistry v. 93
(4): p. 741-745; 1989. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sheep; Models; Deficiency diseases; Carnitine; Hemodialysis
10 NAL Call. No.: TD172.J6
An animal model to assess the potential for viral disease transmission from
lawns irrigated with wastewater.
Deming, E.J.; Mote, C.R.; Von Bernuth, R.D.; Potgieter, L.N.D. New York, N.Y. :
Marcel Dekker; 1992 Dec.
Journal of environmental science and health : Part A : Environmental science
and engineering v. 27 (8): p. 2199-2211; 1992 Dec. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lawns and turf; Irrigation; Waste water; Contamination; Porcine
enterovirus; Pigs; Disease transmission; Animal models; Disease models; Human
diseases; Infection; Risk
11 NAL Call. No.: SF95.A1C6
Animal models for studies of relationships between diet and diabetes. Herberg,
L.
Basel : Karger; 1988.
Comparative animal nutrition v. 6: p. 111-148; 1988. In the series analytic:
Use of Animal Models for Research in Human Nutrition / edited by A.C. Beynen
and C.E. West. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diabetes mellitus; Pancreas; Insulin; Pituitary hormones; Rats;
Blood sugar; Dietary carbohydrate; Dietary fat; Animal models; Feed intake;
Cricetulus barabensis; Hyperinsulinemia; Insulin secretion; Literature reviews
12 NAL Call. No.: QR180.3.D4
Animal models for the evaluation of drugs and vaccines for HIV infection and
AIDS: report of a WHO working group.
Esparza, J.
Basel : S. Karger; 1990.
Developments in biological standardization v. 72: p. 367-372; 1990. In the
series analytic: Progress in animal retroviruses / edited by D. Gaudry and W.
Hennessen. Meeting held on Oct 4-6, 1989, Annecy, France.
Language: English
Descriptors: Disease models; Human immunodeficiency virus; Acquired immune
deficiency syndrome
13 NAL Call. No.: RC607.A26I63 1989
Animal models in AIDS.
Schellekens, Huub; Horzinek, Marian C.
Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk
Onderzoek
International TNO Meeting 1989 : Maastricht, Netherlands.
Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier ; New York, NY, USA : Sole distributors for the
USA and Canada, Elsevier Science Pub. Co.,; 1990.
xxii, 380 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. Includes index. Includes bibliographical
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: AIDS (Disease)
14 NAL Call. No.: QL55.F43 1987
Animal models in hemostasis and thrombosis.
Rowsell, H.C.
Dordrecht : M. Nijhoff; 1988.
New developments in biosciences : their implications for laboratory animal
science : proceedings of the Third Symposium, Amsterdam, The Nethrlands, 1-5
June 1987 / edited by Anton C. Beyneen and Henk A. Solleveld. p. 289-294; 1988.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Disease models; Thrombosis; Blood flow;
Hemorrhage; Blood coagulation
15 NAL Call. No.: 475 EX7
Animal models in interferon research: some current trends.
Schellekens, H.
Basel : Birkhauser; 1989 Jun15.
Experientia v. 45 (6): p. 558-562; 1989 Jun15. Literature review. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal experiments; Animal research; Interferon; In vivo; Disease
models; Bacterial diseases; Protozoal infections; Parasites
16 NAL Call. No.: QR1.F4
Animal models in the study of pathogenesis.
Adlam, C.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1988.
FEMS symposium - Federation of European Microbiological Societies v. 40: p.
159-167; 1988. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animals; Models; Pathogenesis; Bovine mastitis; Rhinitis;
Lymphadenitis; Sheep; Respiratory diseases
17 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1C8
Animal models of appetitive behavior: interaction of nutritional factors and
drug seeking behavior.
Kanarek, R.B.; Marks-Kaufman, R.
New York, N.Y. : Wiley; 1988.
Current concepts in nutrition v. 16: p. 1-5; 1988. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Feeding behavior; Appetite; Models; Nutrition; Drug effects;
Interactions
18 NAL Call. No.: SF95.A1C6
Animal models of diet-induced atherosclerosis.
Clarkson, T.B.; Shively, C.A.; Weingand, K.W.
Basel : Karger; 1988.
Comparative animal nutrition v. 6: p. 56-82; 1988. In the series analytic: Use
of Animal Models for Research in Human Nutrition / edited by A.C. Beynen and
C.E. West. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Experimental atherosclerosis; Atherogenic diet;
Rabbits; Pigeons; Pigs; Primates; Pathogenesis
19 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Animal models of disease 1979-August 1988.
Swanson, J.C.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1988 Nov.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculure, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (89-07): 25 p.; 1988 Nov. Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animals; Disease models; Animal welfare; Bibliographies
20 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Animal models of disease, January 1979-August 1989.
Swanson, J.; Clingerman, K.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1989 Dec.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculure, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (90-09): 27 p.; 1989 Dec. Updates QB 89-07.
Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animals; Laboratory animals; Animal diseases; Disease models;
Bibliographies
21 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Animal models of disease--January 1979-December 1990.
Smith, C.P.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1991 Feb.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-42): 38 p.; 1991 Feb. Updates QB 90-09.
Bibliography.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Diseases; Bibliographies
22 NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
Animal models of disease--January 1981-July 1992.
Smith, C.P.
Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1992 Aug.
Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National
Agricultural Library (U.S.). (92-61): 59 p.; 1992 Aug. Updates QB 91-42.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal diseases; Disease models; Bibliographies
23 NAL Call. No.: 500 N484
Animal models of human eating disorders.
Smith, G.P.
New York, N.Y. : The Academy; 1989.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences v. 575: p. 63-74; 1989. In the
series analytic: The psychology of human eating disorders: preclinical and
clinical perspectives / edited by L.H. Schneider, S.J. Cooper, and K.A. Halmi.
Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nutritional disorders; Human nutrition research; Animal
experiments; Anorexia nervosa; Bulimia nervosa; Models
24 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 P27
Animal models of retrovirus-associated malignancies.
Cremer, K.J.; Gruber, J.
Lawrence, Kan. : American College of Veterinary Pathologists; 1992 Nov.
Veterinary pathology v. 29 (6): p. 572-578; 1992 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Retroviridae
25 NAL Call. No.: QH301.N32
Animal studies of iodized oils: iodine disposition and physiological effects.
Chambon, C.; Chastin, I.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1993.
NATO ASI series : Series A : Life sciences v. 241: p. 159-167; 1993. In the
series analytic: Iodine deficiency in Europe: a continuing concern / edited by
F. Delange, J.T. Dunn, and D. Glioner. Proceedings of an International
Workshop, April 24-28, 1992, Brussels, Belgium. Includes a discussion, p.
166-167. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cooking oils; Deficiency diseases; Goiter; Human diseases; Iodine;
Physiopathology; Rats; Animal models; Livestock
26 NAL Call. No.: 389.1 W892
Antiarrhythmic effects of fish oils.
Charnock, J.S.
Basel : S. Karger; 1991.
World review of nutrition and dietetics v. 66: p. 278-291; 1991. In the series
analytic: Health effects of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in seafoods /
edited by A.P. Simopoulos, R.R. Kifer, Martin, R.E. and S.M. Barlow. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fish oils; Heart rate; Supplements; Animal models; Polyenoic fatty
acids; Dietary fat; Muscle contraction; Animal experiments; Literature reviews
27 NAL Call. No.: SF910.T8A86
Atlas of tumor pathology of the Fischer rat.. Fischer rat
Stinson, Sherman F.,_1946-; Schuller, Hildegard M.; Reznik, Gerd Boca Raton,
Fla : CRC Press,; 1990.
546 p. : ill. ; 27 cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.
Language: English
Descriptors: Tumors in animals; Atlases; Rats as laboratory animals; Atlases;
Rats; Diseases; Atlases; Tumors; Animal models; Atlases
28 NAL Call. No.: HV5285.A43
Behavioral animal models in alcohol abuse research.
Grant, K.A.
Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1990. Alcohol
health and research world - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
v. 14 (3): p. 187-192; 1990. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alcoholism; Drinking behavior; Animal experiments; Laboratory
animals; Animal models
29 NAL Call. No.: QL55.F43 1987
Blastomere karyotyping: a direct method for producing mouse trisomy 16 less
than leads to diploid aggregation chimeras as an animal model of human down's
syndrome.
Bacchus, C.; Buselmaier, W.
Dordrecht : M. Nijhoff; 1988.
New developments in biosciences : their implications for laboratory animal
science : proceedings of the Third Symposium, Amsterdam, The Nethrlands, 1-5
June 1987 / edited by Anton C. Beyneen and Henk A. Solleveld. p. 405-408. ill;
1988. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mice; Blastomere; Karyotypes; Trisomy; Diploidy; Chimeras; Disease
models; Down's syndrome
30 NAL Call. No.: QR360.J6
Borna disease virus in mice: host-specific differences in disease expression.
Rubin, S.A.; Waltrip, R.W. II; Bautista, J.R.; Carbone, K.M. Washington, D.C. :
American Society for Microbiology; 1993 Jan. Journal of virology v. 67 (1): p.
548-552; 1993 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mice; Borna disease virus; Animal models; Experimental infections;
Immunopathology; Antibody formation; Inflammation; Strain differences;
Encephalitis; Abnormal behavior
Abstract: We developed a mouse model of Borna disease to facilitate
immunopathogenesis research by adaptation of Borna disease virus to mice
through serial passage in mouse brain tissue. Borna disease virus replication,
antibody production, inflammation, and Borna disease expression in several
different strains of mice were examined.
31 NAL Call. No.: QR360.J6
Bovine leukemia virus, an animal model for the study of intrastrain
variability.
Willems, L.; Thienpont, E.; Kerkhofs, P.; Burny, A.; Mammerickx, M.; Kettmann,
R.
Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology; 1993 Feb. Journal of
virology v. 67 (2): p. 1086-1089; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sheep; Bovine oncovirus; Genetic variation; Structural genes;
Viralproteins; Repetitive DNA; Nucleotide sequences; Strain differences;
Mutations
Abstract: Intradermal injection of a cloned bovine leukemia virus (BLV)
provirus (pV344) into sheep allowed direct evaluation of intrastrain
variability. A sheep was injected with pV344 DNA mixed with DEAE-dextran and
became persistently infected with BLV strain 344. After 18 months, DNA was
extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes from a single 0.5-ml blood sample.
The long terminal repeat (LTR) and the env gene were amplified by using the
polymerase chain reaction, cloned, and sequenced. Nineteen independent LTR
clones (0.6-kb inserts) and 16 env clones (1-kb inserts) were analyzed. The in
vivo rate of nucleotide change was 0.009%/year (two mutations out of 14,464 bp
in 1.5 years), corresponding to only one amino acid change in the env gene.
Five point mutations (all transitions), corresponding to a modification rate of
0.034%/year (five mutations out of 9,709 bp in 1.5 years), were identified in
the LTR. As a control for Taq DNA polymerase errors, the same procedure using
pV344 plasmid DNA was carried out. Out of 9,944 bp sequenced, three point
mutations were found (i.e., one misincorporation in 3,315 nucleotides). These
data demonstrate the extremely low level (or absence) of intrastrain
variability of BLV in vivo. Consequently, BLV persistence in the infected host
does not seem to result from an escape mutant strategy, in sharp contrast with
the high mutation rates observed in the lentivirus family. The lack of genetic
variation supports the possibility of successful vaccine against BLV and
probably against the related human T-cell leukemia viruses.
32 NAL Call. No.: SF601.C66
Bovine leukemia virus. III. Zoonotic potential, molecular epidemiology, and an
animal model.
Johnson, R.
Trenton, N.J. : Veterinary Learning Systems Company, Inc; 1991 Oct. The
Compendium on continuing education for the practicing veterinarian v. 13 (10):
p. 1631-1640; 1991 Oct. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dairy cattle; Bovine oncovirus; Zoonoses; Risk; Molecular biology;
Epidemiology; Disease models; Animal models; Human diseases; Leukemia;
Literature reviews
33 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Canine models of bone marrow transplantation.
Ladiges, W.C.; Storb, R.; Thomas, E.D.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990 Jan.
Laboratory animal science v. 40 (1): p. 11-15; 1990 Jan. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dogs; Bone marrow transplant; Models; Human diseases
Abstract: Progress in experimental bone marrow transplantation in dogs has
provided for the direct transfer of research data to the clinical setting and
the therapeutic application of marrow grafting to a variety of human diseases.
Animal models of total body irradiation, engraftment and graft-versus-host
disease are still needed to solve the existing clinical problems of marrow
transplantation. Therefore, work in various canine model systems continues to
be of interest. Pet dogs with spontaneously occurring lymphomas are used to
study the clinical parameters necessary for applying the technique of
transplanting their own marrow (autologous), in conjunction with high dose
radiation and/or chemotherapy, to human patients with cancer. A major
consideration in the successful transplantation of donor bone marrow
(allogeneic) is overcoming histocompatibility barriers to assure engraftment
and the prevention of graft-versus-host disease, a major limiting aspect of
clinical marrow transplantation. Chemicals, radiation, radiotherapeutic
techniques, antisera and monoclonal antibodies have been and continue to be
developed in laboratory bred dogs. These approaches suppress the immune system
either nonspecifically by ablation of immune reactive tissue, or specifically
by affecting certain types of immune reactive cells. Parameters such as
clinical effectiveness (engraftment or prevention of graft-versus-host
disease), immune reconstitution and undesirable side affects in long-term
survivors are all used to determine whether new technology can be transferred
from preclinical canine studies to human bone marrow transplantation protocols.
34 NAL Call. No.: 442.8 L62
Cardiovascular abnormalities associated with human and rodent obesity. Paulson,
D.J.; Tahiliani, A.G.
Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press Inc; 1992.
Life sciences v. 51 (20): p. 1557-1569; 1992. Literature review. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Obesity; Diet; Weight reduction; Cardiovascular diseases; Heart;
Animal models; Rats; Man; Literature reviews
Abstract: Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However,
a direct link between these two states is difficult to establish, since obesity
frequently occurs with other disease states such as diabetes, hypertension and
atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have clearly shown that uncorrected obesity
is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and compromised ventricular function. A
number of rodent models of obesity have been studied in terms of cardiovascular
adaptations. Cardiac function of the obese Zucker rat appears to be normal at a
younger age. Only after several months is depression in cardiac function
discernable. These animals are mildly hypertensive, but do not exhibit the
characteristic increase in cardiac output associated with human obesity. A
unique characteristic of JCR:LA-cp rat is that they develop atherosclerotic and
myocardial lesions. Hearts from these animals will maintain normal function
when perfused with physiological levels of calcium. At higher calcium
concentrations, however, mechanical function becomes impaired. Dietary-induced
obese rats exhibit many of the hemodynamic alterations associated with human
obesity, but there is no evidence to-date that these animals will develop
severe cardiac depression. Short-term weight reduction apparently has
beneficial cardiovascular effects, but weight cycling may be harmful. Given the
widespread occurrence of obesity, further studies are warranted to characterize
the cardiac manifestations of this condition.
35 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 J82
The carnitine-deprived newborn rabbit: a potential model to study carnitine
deficiency.
Penn, D.; Schmidt-Sommerfeld, E.
Bethesda, Md. : American Institute of Nutrition; 1988 Dec.
The Journal of nutrition v. 118 (12): p. 1535-1539; 1988 Dec. Includes 34
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Nutrient deficiencies; Carnitine; Neonates; Rabbits
Abstract: This report describes the novel development of an animal model for
neonatal carnitine deficiency using the artificially fed newborn rabbit. Each
litter was separated from the mother following the first colostrum feeding and
divided into 2 groups, one of which was fed a purified rabbit formula that was
essentially free of carnitine; the other received the same formula supplemented
with L-carnitine (100 mg/l). At 9-13 d of age, rabbit pups receiving the
carnitine-free formula had lower concentrations of total, free and
acylcarnitine in plasma and urine, as well as lower total acid soluble
carnitine concentrations in liver, muscle, heart and brown adipose tissue than
those receiving the same formula supplemented with L-carnitine. Their plasma
and tissue levels were also lower, but their urinary carnitine concentrations
were higher than those in naturally-raised pups. The findings suggest that the
described animal model may prove to be a useful tool for the investigation of
certain aspects of neonatal carnitine deficiency.
36 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 J82
Carotenoids and cancer in animal models.
Krinsky, N.I.
Bethesda, Md. : American Institute of Nutrition; 1989 Jan.
The Journal of nutrition v. 119 (1): p. 123-126; 1989 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diet; Carotenoids; Carcinoma; Disease prevention
Abstract: As evidence accumulated from epidemiological studies that beta-
carotene acts as a chemopreventive agent with respect to inhibiting the
appearance of certain types of tumors in humans, attention focused on animal
models as a means of extending our understanding of carotenoid function.
Unfortunately, most animals used in research are "white fat" animals, and
require large amounts of carotenoids in their diets to obtain significant blood
and tissue levels. Even with these limitations, beta-carotene, a provitamin A
carotenoid, as well as canthaxanthin, a nonprovitamin A carotenoid, have been
shown to protect animals against UV-induced skin tumors, UV and carcinogen-
induced tumors, and carcinogen treatment alone. Similar observations have been
made in cell and organ cultures where carotenoids have been shown to prevent
malignant transformation and nuclear damage. Although the mechanism of this
protection is still unclear, the evidence continues to accumulate that
carotenoids may possess intrinsic chemopreventive action with respect to tumor
formation.
37 NAL Call. No.: QR188.3.C45
Cellular aspects of autoimmunity.
Cruse, Julius M.,_1937-; Lewis, R. E.
Basel ; New York : Karger,; 1988.
200 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. (Concepts in immunopathology ; vol. 6). Includes
bibliographies and index.
Language: English
Descriptors: Autoimmunity; Autoimmune diseases; Animal models; Cellular
immunity
38 NAL Call. No.: SF95.A1C6
The changing role of animal models in human nutrition research. West, C.E.;
Beynen, A.C.
Basel : Karger; 1988.
Comparative animal nutrition v. 6: p. 1-13; 1988. In the series analytic: Use
of Animal Models for Research in Human Nutrition / edited by A.C. Beynen and
C.E. West. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal models; Nutrition physiology; Human
nutrition research; Vitamins; Nutrient requirements; Species differences;
Literature reviews
39 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
Characteristics of mutant mice (ICGN) with spontaneous renal lesions: a new
model for human nephrotic syndrome.
Ogura, A.; Asano, T.; Matsuda, J.; Takano, K; Nakagwa, M.; Fukui, M. London :
Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1989 Apr.
Laboratory animals v. 23 (2): p. 169-174. ill; 1989 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mice; Mutants; Disease models; Nephrotic syndrome;
Glomerulonephritis; Histopathology
Abstract: Spontaneous nephrotic mice (ICGN mice), a new mutant strain of mouse
from outbred ICR, were clinically, macroscopically, histologically and
immunohistochemically studies to establish their value as a model for human
nephrotic syndrome. Most of the affected mice developed proteinuria,
hypoproteinaemia and hypercholesterolaemia, and some of them developed systemic
oedema. A high concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and a low haematocrit
value were also observed. The kidneys of severe cases showed a decrease in size
and had a yellowish granular surface. These findings indicated that the mice
were terminally affected by chronic of renal insufficiency. Histopathology
demonstrated glomerular lesions consisting of thickened basement membranes of
the capillary loops with irregular spike-like protrusions and enlargement of
the mesangium unaccompanied by cellular proliferation. The immunofluorescence
technique revealed positive granular staining for IgA, IgG and IgM and to a
lesser extent for C3 along the capillary loops in affected mice. The similarity
between this spontaneous disease and human nephrotic syndrome caused by
idiopathic glomerular lesions is discussed. ICGN mice may be a useful animal
model for this human disease.
40 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
Characterization of acute and latent herpes simplex virus infection of dorsal
root ganglia in rats.
Blondeau, J.M.; Aoki, F.Y.; Glavin, G.B.; Nagy, J.I.
London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1991 Apr.
Laboratory animals v. 25 (2): p. 97-105; 1991 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Herpes simplex virus; Ganglia; Acute infections; Latent
infections; Animal models; Experimental infections; Subcutaneous injection;
Feet
Abstract: The characteristics of HSV type-1 infection following subcutaneous
inoculation in the dorsum of one hind paw of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied
to determine whether infection in rats might more closely parallel the
infection in man than is seen in other animals. The serologic and virologic
characteristics of acute and latent ganglion infection conformed to those of
human infection. Immunohistochemical studies suggested that sensory ganglion
infection arose via centripetal axonal migration of virus as is hypothesized in
man. In rat, small type B neuronal cell bodies appeared central to the
maintenance of latent infection and reactivation observed during cocultivation
of lumbar ganglia. Acute and latent lumbar sensory ganglion infection in rats
after subcutaneous hind paw injection of HSV-1 appears to be another suitable
model of this infection in man.
41 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
Chest roentgenographic techniques for demonstrating human lung tumour
xenografts in nude rats.
Zeligman, B.E.; Howard, R.B.; Marcell, T.; Chu, H.; Rossi, R.P.; Mulvin, D.;
Johnston, M.R.
London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1992 Apr.
Laboratory animals v. 26 (2): p. 100-106; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Animal models; Disease models; Neoplasms; Lungs;
Radiography; Monitoring
Abstract: Roentgenographic techniques were investigated for imaging orthotopic
tung tumours in anaesthetized nude rats endobronchially implanted with human
lung cancer cells. A conventional radiographic unit with a dual-screen, double-
emulsion film mammographic receptor produced images preferable to those from a
mammographic unit because of superior resolution. Typical exposure factors were
300 mA, 29 kVp, and 17 ms at a focus-film distance of 76 cm with a 2.11 by 2.41
mm effective focal spot and inherent filtration of 1.2 mm aluminium.
Sensitivity for tumour detection was 0.93 for 59 animals with pathologically
proved tumours and 0.96 for 54 animals with tumours larger than 4 mm or 50 mg.
For 24 pathologically tumour-free animals, specificity was 1-00. For 55 animals
radiographically judged to have tumours, positive predictive value was 1.00.
For all 83 animals, accuracy was 0.95. This technique effectively demonstrates
orthotopic human lung tumours in nude rats and should be useful for noninvasive
monitoring of tumour presence, location, size, and changes in size.
42 NAL Call. No.: 47.8 B77
Chicken neoplasia--a model for cancer research.
Calnek, B.W.
Oxfordshire : Carfax Publishing Company; 1992 Mar.
British poultry science v. 33 (1): p. 3-16; 1992 Mar. Literature review.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fowls; Neoplasms; Animal models
43 NAL Call. No.: RA1190.A7
Chlorpyrifos-induced delayed polyneuropathy.
Capodicasa, E.; Scapellato, M.L.; Moretto, A.; Caroldi, S.; Lotti, M. Berlin,
W. Ger. : Springer; 1991.
Archives of toxicology v. 65 (2): p. 150-155; 1991. Paper presented at the
International Symposium on "Biochemical and Cellular Indices of Toxicity in
Occupational and Environmental Medicine," June 1986, Milan, Italy, at a meeting
held March 1986, New Orleans, LA, and at a meeting held Aug/Sept 1989, Praglia,
Italy. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Chlorpyrifos; Nervous system diseases; Neurotoxins;
Acetylcholinesterase; Esterases; Pharmacokinetics; Brain; Man; Fowls; Hens
Abstract: Chlorpyrifos [0,0-diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-pyridyl)
phosphorothioate] caused delayed polyneuropathy in man. Contrary to previous
studies, we report here that it also causes delayed polyneuropathy in the hen,
the animal model for this toxicity. The minimal neuropathic dose was 60-90
mg/kg p.o., corresponding to 4-6 times the estimated LD50. Consequently,
pralidoxime (2-PAM) in conjunction with atropine was necessary to reverse
acetylcholinesterase AChE) inhibition and cholinergic toxicity in hens given
high enough doses of chlorpyrifos to cause neuropathy. Chlorpyrifos was slowly
absorbed after single oral doses and the threshold of inhibition (>70%) of
neuropathy target esterase (NTE), the putative target for delayed neuropathy,
was reached within 5-6 days. High AChE inhibition (>90%), however, was measured
within hours after dosing because of the higher potency of chlorpyrifos to
inhibit this enzyme. In vitro studies showed that chlorpyrifos-oxon, the active
metabolite of chlorpyrifos, was 10-20 times more active against AChE than
against NTE, confirming the clinical observation. No differences were seen
between human and hen enzymes in this respect. Hen and human brain homogenates
contain A-esterases which hydrolysed chlorpyrifos to about the same extent in
both species. In conclusion, chlorpyrifos causes delayed polyneuropathy in the
hen, as was reported in man. The reasons for previous negative data in the hen
are probably due to the relatively lower doses which were used. Judging from in
vitro studies with hen and human enzymes, there are no differences in the two
species as far as their relative sensitivity to delayed polyneuropathy. It is
likely that delayed polyneuropathy would develop in both species only after
severe cholinergic toxicity requiring aggressive antidotal treatment.
44 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 B773
The cholesterol-raising effect of coffee in the Syrian hamster. Sanders,
T.A.B.; Sandaradura, S.
Cambridge : Cambridge University Press; 1992 Sep.
The British journal of nutrition v. 68 (2): p. 431-434; 1992 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diet; Coffee; Blood plasma; Cholesterol; Hamsters
Abstract: Adult male Syrian hamsters were fed on a high-fat diet with or
without access to boiled coffee. Plasma total, low-density-lipoprotein- and
high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were
increased by the coffee and very-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol
concentrations were lowered. It is concluded that the Syrian hamster is a
suitable animal model in which to study the hypercholesterolaemic effect of
coffee.
45 NAL Call. No.: QH301.N32
Chronic alcoholism, malnutrition, and folate deficiency.
Halsted, C.H.
New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991.
NATO ASI series : Series A : Life sciences v. 206: p. 237-251; 1991. In the
series analytic: Alcoholism a molecular perspective / edited by T.N. Palmer.
Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Alcoholism; Chronic course; Deficiency diseases; Folic acid;
Malabsorption; Malnutrition; Metabolism; Physiopathology; Veterans;
Animalmodels; Literature reviews
46 NAL Call. No.: SF601.A5
Clinical evaluation of cyclosporine in animal models with cutaneous immune-
mediated disease and epitheliotropic lymphoma.
Rosenkrantz, W.S.; Griffin, C.E.; Barr, R.J.
Golden, Colo. : The Association; 1989 Jul.
The Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association v. 25 (4): p. 377-384.
ill; 1989 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dogs; Cat; Epithelium; Lymphoma; Treatment; Immunological
diseases; Drug therapy; Immunosuppressive agents
47 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1A63
Cobalamin deficiency and the pathogenesis of nervous system disease. Metz, J.
Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews, Inc; 1992.
Annual review of nutrition v. 12: p. 59-79. ill; 1992. Literature review.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Vitamin b12; Vitamin deficiencies; Demyelination; Animal models;
Nitrous oxide; Biochemistry; Methylation; Toxicity; Literature reviews
48 NAL Call. No.: QR180.C62
Comparative features of retroviral infections of livestock. Evermann, J.F.
Exeter : Pergamon Press; 1990.
Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases v. 13 (3): p.
127-136; 1990. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Livestock; Man; Lentivirinae; Oncovirinae; Disease transmission;
Spread; Pathogenesis; Host specificity; Viral diseases; Disease models;
Literature reviews; Animal models
Abstract: Retrovial infections of livestock have become of increasing
importance due to their usefulness as comparative models for human retroviral
infections and their effects upon animal health and marketability of animals
and animal products nationally and internationally. This paper presents a
perspective on the retroviruses of economic concern in veterinary medicine with
emphasis on the importance of understanding the modes of virus transmission and
the species specificity of the viruses. The retroviruses reviewed include the
oncovirus, bovine leukosis virus, and the lentiviruses, equine infectious
anemia virus; maedi/visna virus, caprine
arthritis-encephalitis virus and bovine visna-like virus. The comparative
features amongst these animal retroviruses and those of humans must be
recognized by the veterinary and medical professions since the similarities in
virus replication and spread by blood transfer can provide important clues in
controlling and perhaps preventing human retroviruses infections, such as the
human immunodeficiency virus.
49 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A
Comparative virulence of Haemophilus parasuis serovars 1 to 7 in guinea pigs.
Rapp-Gabrielson, V.J.; Gabrielson, D.A.; Schamber, G.J.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1992 Jun. American
journal of veterinary research v. 53 (6): p. 987-994; 1992 Jun. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Haemophilus; Virulence; Serotypes; Strain differences; Guinea
pigs; Intraperitoneal injection; Application methods; Morbidity; Mortality;
Disease models
Abstract: Reference strains for Haemophilus parasuis serovars 1 to 7 were
examined for virulence by inoculation of guinea pigs. Guinea pig response to
intraperitoneal inoculation was similar for the 7 reference strains. However,
apparent differences in virulence were detected after intratracheal
inoculation. Cells of the reference strains for serovars 1 and 5 were most
invasive, causing moribundity or death at higher doses and a persistent
septicemia at lower doses. Haemophilus parasuis could be isolated from
respiratory and systemic sites; purulent bronchopneumonia, pericarditis, and
pleuritis were apparent in infected guinea pigs. Inoculation of cells of the
reference strains for serovars 2 and 6 also resulted in bronchopneumonia and
moribundity or death in some guinea pigs; however, reisolation of H parasuis
and microscopic lesions at necropsy were less pronounced than those observed
with serovars 1 and 5. Inoculation of cells of serovars 3, 4, and 7 induced
only transient clinical signs and minimal evidence of H parasuis infection at
necropsy. The data from intratracheal inoculation of guinea pigs are similar to
data from other investigations in swine, indicating differences in the
pathogenic potential of H parasuis strains. Thus, guinea pigs may be useful as
a laboratory animal model for examining cellular factors associated with
virulence and immunogenicity of H parasuis.
50 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Comparison of hematologic parameters in normal and streptozotocin-induced
diabetic rats.
Alder, V.A.; Yu, D.Y.; Su, E.N.; Cringle, S.J.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Apr.
Laboratory animal science v. 42 (2): p. 170-173; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Diabetes; Animal models; Hematology; Normal values; Blood
sugar; Hemoglobin; Glycerate 2,3-bis(phosphate)
Abstract: Hematologic values are compared for normal and
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after 6 weeks of induced diabetes. Most
hematologic parameters were the same in the two groups except for blood
glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and 2,3 diphosphoglycerate, all of which were
elevated in the streptozotocin group. However the P50 (the P02 at which the
oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is 50% of maximal) remained normal. We
hypothesize that a left shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve caused by
the glycation of a small percentage of the hemoglobin is compensated by
elevation in the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate which returns the P50 to normal values.
This compensatory mechanism also occurs in some stages of human diabetes.
51 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43
The contribution of nonhuman primates to understanding coronary artery
atherosclerosis in humans.
Clarkson, R.B.; Klumpp, S.A.
Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research
Council; 1990.
I.L.A.R. news v. 32 (2): p. 4-8; 1990. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Monkeys; Animal models; Disease models; Atherosclerosis;
Cholesterol; Blood plasma; Tobacco smoking; Stress; Sex differences; Oral
contraceptives
52 NAL Call. No.: RC620.A1N47
Control of hypoallergenicity by animal models.
Pahud, J.J.; Schwarz, K.; Granato, D.
New York, N.Y. : Raven Press; 1988.
Nestle nutrition workshop series v. 17: p. 199-207; 1988. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Food allergies; Immune response; Allergens; Hypersensitivity;
Models; Breast feeding
53 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Convulsions in senescence-accelerated mice (SAM-R/1/Eis).
Yamazaki, K.; Kumazawa, A.; Ito, K.; Kurihara, K.; Nakayama, M.; Wakabayashi,
T.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Aug.
Laboratory animal science v. 42 (4): p. 378-381; 1992 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mice; Animal models; Convulsions; Aging
Abstract: Senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) are one of the animal models used
for studying senescence, which consist of several substrains such as SAM-R/1,
R/2, P/1, P/2. SAM-R/1/Eis maintained in Eisai Tsukuba Research Laboratories,
Ibaraki, Japan, was originally introduced as a substrain of a normal control
SAM-R/1 from Kyoto University, Japan. We have noted signs of convulsions in
SAM-R/1/Eis mice during routine animal care, particularly while changing cages.
We identified the clinical signs and determined the concentrations of glucose
and immunoreactive insulin in plasma of SAM-R/1/Eis mice. There were no
differences in the male:female ratios of mice showing prodrome only, grand mal,
or no-signs. The ages at which prodrome and grand mal were first noted peaked
between 20 and 25 weeks. Concentrations of glucose and immunoreactive insulin
in plasma did not indicate the mice were in insulin hypoglycemia, which is one
cause of convulsions. AKR strain mice, some of which originated with the SAM
strain are known to become convulsive by repeated "throwing" stimulations.
Conversely, in SAM-R/1/Eis, throwing stimuli are not needed to cause convulsive
signs. Thus it is likely that in SAM-R/1/Eis mice the signs are triggered by
repeating mild environmental changes, such as changing cages. The results of
this study show that SAM-R/1/Eis is neither a normal control strain, nor an
original SAM-R/1 strain. But it is possible that SAM-R/1/Eis is another useful
animal model for studying spontaneous convulsion.
54 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 J824
Cow milk and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: is there a relationship?.
Scott, F.W.
Baltimore, Md. : American Society for Clinical Nutrition; 1990 Mar. American
journal of clinical nutrition v. 51 (3): p. 489-491; 1990 Mar. Includes 20
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Milk; Diabetes; Breast feeding; Immunology; Animal experiments;
Human experimentation
Abstract: Various cow-milk preparations have, with some variation, been
reported to be diabetogenic in two animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus (IDDM), the BioBreeding (BB) rat and the nonobese diabetic (NOD)
mouse. However, the suggestion of an inverse relationship between breast-
feeding and IDDM based on epidemiological studies, remains controversial. There
is a significant positive correlation between consumption of unfermented milk
protein and incidence of IDDM in data from various countries. Conversely, a
possible negative relationship is observed between breastfeeding at age 3 mo
and IDDM risk. Diet may be an important permissive factor in the development of
IDDM.
55 NAL Call. No.: RC927.C73
CRC handbook of animal models for the rheumatic diseases.. Handbook of animal
models for the rheumatic diseases
Greenwald, Robert A.,_1943-; Diamond, Herbert S.,
Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press,; 1988.
2 v. : ill. ; 26 cm. Includes bibliographies and index.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rheumatism; Animal models; Handbooks, manuals, etc; Arthritis;
Animal models; Handbooks, manuals, etc; Animal welfare
56 NAL Call. No.: RC756.H28
CRC handbook of animal models of pulmonary disease.. Handbook of animal models
of pulmonary disease
Cantor, Jerome O.
Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press,; 1989.
2 v. : ill. ; 26 cm. Includes bibliographies and indexes.
Language: English
Descriptors: Lungs
57 NAL Call. No.: RC628.O22
Development of insulin resistance during the course of obesity: lessons from
animal models.
Penicaud, L.; Ferre, P.
New York, N.Y. : Human Sciences Press; 1988.
Journal of obesity and weight regulation v. 7 (2): p. 91-109; 1988. Literature
review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diabetes; Obesity; Insulin; Adipose tissue; Glucose tolerance;
Animal models; Genetic markers; Experimental diets; Hypothalamic lesions;
Metabolism; Lipids; Literature reviews; Rats
58 NAL Call. No.: RC628.N48 1987
The development of the SHR/N- and LA/N-cp (Corpulent) congenic rat strains.
Hansen, C.T.
Bethesda, Md. : National Institutes of Health; 1988.
New models of genetically obese rats for studies in diabetes, heart disease,
and complications of obesity : NIH workshop, June 18-19, 1987, summaries of
workshop papers and current bibliography. p. 7-11; 1988.
Language: English
Descriptors: Obesity; Animal breeding; Animal models; Rats
59 NAL Call. No.: QP501.E8
Developmental changes of 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase subunit levels in
erythrocytes from normal dogs and dogs affected by glycogen storage disease
type VII.
Mhaskar, Y.; Harvey, J.W.; Dunaway, G.A.
New York, NY : Springer-Verlag New York Inc; 1992 Mar.
European journal of biochemistry v. 101 (3): p. 303-307; 1992 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dogs; Glycogenosis; Phosphofructokinase; Isoenzymes; Enzyme
activity; Erythrocytes; Age differences; Animal models
Abstract: 1. The subunit proportions (L:M:C) of the PFK isozymes from normal
adult erythrocytes were 2:86:12. Affected adult erythrocyte 6-phosphofructo-1-
kinase (PFK) isozymes contained normal L-type (31%) and C-type (61%) subunits
as well as a small amount (8%) of truncated M-type subunit. 2. When measured
within 24 hr of birth, both normal and affected dog erythrocytes contained high
PFK activities due to elevated levels of the L-type subunit. As the dogs
matured, PFK activity decreased due to a greater than 99% loss of the L-type
subunit. 3. By 2 weeks of age, the M-type and C-type subunits in normal dog PFK
isozymes increased severalfold and attained near adult levels. 4. During post-
natal development, the L-type subunit from affected dog erythrocytes decreased
more rapidly than from normal dog erythrocytes; but it was maintained at a
higher level in the affected adult erythrocytes. Also, in the affected dog
erythrocytes, truncated M-type subunits were detected; and the initially high
levels of the C-type subunit decreased approximately 50% after 4 weeks.
60 NAL Call. No.: QP801.H7H65
Diabetic embryopathy and fuel-mediated organ teratogenesis: lessons from animal
models.
Freinkel, N.
Stuttgart, W. Ger. : Georg Thieme; 1988 Aug.
Hormone and metabolic research; Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung; Hormones et
metabolisme v. 20 (8): p. 463-475. ill; 1988 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diabetes; Pregnancy; Maternal effects; Models; Abnormalities
61 NAL Call. No.: SF95.A1C6
Dietary effects in experimental carcinogenesis: animal models. Kritchevsky, D.
Basel : Karger; 1988.
Comparative animal nutrition v. 6: p. 174-185; 1988. In the series analytic:
Use of Animal Models for Research in Human Nutrition / edited by A.C. Beynen
and C.E. West. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Carcinogenesis; Dietary fat; Dietary protein;
Carbohydrates; Restricted feeding; Trace elements; Vitamins; Literature reviews
62 NAL Call. No.: QP751.L5
Dietary fat and colon cancer: animal model studies.
Reddy, B.S.
Champaign, Ill. : American Oil Chemists' Society; 1992 Oct. Lipids v. 27 (10):
p. 807-813; 1992 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Lipids in Cancer"
held at the AOCS Annual Meeting, April 1990, Baltimore, Maryland. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Fish oils; Fatty acids; Colon; Neoplasms;
Carcinogenesis; Animal models; Reviews
63 NAL Call. No.: RA784.N8
Dietary fat and natural killer cell function.
Byham, L.D.
Baltimore, Md. : Williams & Wilkins; 1991 Jan.
Nutrition today v. 26 (1): p. 31-36. charts; 1991 Jan. Literature review.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Natural killer cells; Dietary fat; Immunity; Neoplasms;
Eicosanoids; Lymphocytes; Cell membranes; Lipoxygenase; Animal models;
Clinicaltrials; Literature reviews
Abstract: This article looks at the role of dietary fat in influencing the
ability of natural killer cells to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells.
It includes: 1) an overview of the immune system; 2) a discussion of the
lymphocytic membrane and; 3) a review of cyclo-oxygenase/lipoxygenase
inhibition, and animal models and clinical trials on the role of eicosanoids in
natural killer cell function.
64 NAL Call. No.: QP751.L5
Dietary fat and the development of pancreatic cancer.
Roebuck, B.D.
Champaign, Ill. : American Oil Chemists' Society; 1992 Oct. Lipids v. 27 (10):
p. 804-806; 1992 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Lipids in Cancer"
held at the AOCS Annual Meeting, April 1990, Baltimore, Maryland. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Fatty acids; Fish oils; Calories; Exercise; Pancreas;
Neoplasms; Carcinogenesis; Animal models; Rats; Reviews
65 NAL Call. No.: QP751.L5
Dietary fat, fatty acids and prostate cancer.
Rose, D.P.; Connolly, J.M.
Champaign, Ill. : American Oil Chemists' Society; 1992 Oct. Lipids v. 27 (10):
p. 798-803; 1992 Oct. Paper presented at the "Symposium on Lipids in Cancer"
held at the AOCS Annual Meeting, April 1990, Baltimore, Maryland. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Fatty acids; Prostate; Neoplasms; Obesity; Hormones;
Growth factors; Risk; Animal models; Reviews
66 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1N83
Dietary fibre in the prevention of colorectal cancer: lessons from studies in
animal models.
Young, G.P.
South Perth, WA: The Society; 1990.
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia v. 15: p. 112-119; 1990.
Meeting held November 26-28, 1990, Adelaide, South Australia. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fiber; Neoplasms; Colon
67 NAL Call. No.: 447.8 AM3
Dietary obesity and weight cycling in rats: a model of stress-induced
hypertension?.
Contreras, R.J.; King, S.; Rives, L.; Williams, A.; Wattleton, T. Bethesda, Md.
: American Physiological Society; 1991 Oct.
American journal of physiology v. 261 (4,pt.2): p. R848-R857; 1991 Oct.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Obesity; Hypertension; Blood pressure; Heart rate; Stress; Diet;
Body weight; Cycling; Angiotensin; Animal models; Rats
Abstract: The present study was designed to reproduce the mild hypertension
seen in dietary obese weight-cycled rats [P. Ernsberger and D. 0. Nelson. Am.
J. Physiol. 254 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol 23): R47-R55, 1988] and
determine whether this mild hypertension was associated with changes in sodium
excretion and pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II (ANG II). Male Sprague-
Dawley rats were fed pelleted chow (Pellet group) or chow plus sweetened
condensed milk (Milk group) or were exposed to four cycles of a 4-day fast
alternated with 2 wk of refeeding of pelleted chow and sweetened condensed milk
(Cycled group). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured by tail cuff at the
onset and last day of each fast and after 3 days of
refeeding. During fasting, urine sodium excretion was measured. Mean arterial
pressure and heart rate responses to intravenous administration of ANG II (40,
80, and 120 ng/kg), metoprolol (1 mg/kg), and methyl scopolamine (2 mg/kg) were
obtained from the femoral artery in awake unrestrained rats. Weight cycling did
not lead to mild hypertension or increased bradycardic response to sympathetic
blockade with metoprolol. ANG II-elicited pressor responses were similar for
Pellet, Milk, and Cycled groups. Sodium excretion did not change with fasting.
Mild hypertension developed when obese weight-cycled rats were housed together
in groups and not when housed individually. Our preliminary data are consistent
with the notion that stress associated with group housing may be a factor in
the mild hypertension of obese weight-cycled rats.
68 NAL Call. No.: SF95.A1C6
Dietary-induced obesity in experimental animals.
Kanarek, R.B.; Orthen-Gambill, N.
Basel : Karger; 1988.
Comparative animal nutrition v. 6: p. 83-110; 1988. In the series analytic:
Use of Animal Models for Research in Human Nutrition / edited by A.C. Beynen
and C.E. West. Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Rats; Obesity; Dietary fat; Dietary carbohydrate;
Feed conversion efficiency; Feed intake; Adipose tissue; Fat metabolism;
Nutritive ratio; Exercise; Carbohydrate metabolism disorders; Specific dynamic
action; Literature reviews
69 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1N88
Dimethylbenzanthracene-induced mammary tumorigenesis in ethanol-fed rats.
Rogers, A.E.; Conner, B.H.
Elmsford, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1990 Aug.
Nutrition research v. 10 (8): p. 915-928; 1990 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ethanol; Mammary gland neoplasms; Carcinogens; Rats
Abstract: Epidemiological evidence indicates that ingestion of alcoholic
beverages is a risk factor or is associated with a risk factor for breast
cancer. A small increase in relative risk (1.1-1.2) compared to non-drinkers,
has been reported for drinkers of small amounts of alcohol, approximately 3-4
drinks per week; a larger increase in relative risk (1.4-1.7) with a
significant dose relationship occurs at intakes of 2-3 drinks per day. Two
drinks per day would supply approximately 7-10% of a woman's caloric intake.
This evidence, coupled with the general association of breast cancer risk with
higher economic, nutritional and education status, supports the view that
relevant animal models for study of the relationship between alcohol and breast
cancer should employ moderate alcohol and good nutrient intake. Two
carcinogenesis experiments were performed in ethanol-fed, female, Sprague-
Dawley rats. In the first, groups of 50 rats were fed control diet ad libitum
(CON) or were fed the diet with 20% of calories supplied as ethanol (ETOH) or
were pair-fed control diet in amounts determined by the intake of ETOH rats
(PF). They were given 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), 20 mg/kg, by gavage
at 55 days of age and monitored for tumor development. There was no detectable
effect of ethanol on mammary tumor latency, incidence, number, weight or
histology. In the second experiment, rats divided into the same groups were
given 25% of calories as ethanol, with occasional increases to 35%, and the
dose of DMBA was increased to 30 mg/kg. Again, there was no detectable effect
of ethanol on mammary tumorigenesis. Thus, no effect of ethanol on mammary
gland tumorigenesis by DMBA was observed in rats treated by 2 different
protocols.
70 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A
Dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatotoxicosis in dogs as a model of progressive
canine hepatic disease.
Boothe, D.M.; Jenkins, W.L.; Green, R.A.; Corrier, D.E.; Cullen, J.M.; Boothe,
H.W.; Weise, D.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1992 Mar. American
journal of veterinary research v. 53 (3): p. 411-420; 1992 Mar. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dogs; Hepatitis; Disease models; Animal models; N-
nitrosodimethylamine
Abstract: A model of toxin-induced progressive hepatitis is described in
Beagles. The toxin, dimethylnitrosamine, was administered orally to 18 Beagles;
6 dogs comprised a control group. Clinical signs and laboratory test results
were monitored as disease progressed and were used to determine the end point
of disease. Following euthanasia, histologic lesions were scored and used to
derive a total severity score for each dog. Severity scores were then used to
allot the 18 dogs to 3 groups of hepatic disease, defined as mild, moderate, or
severe. Changes in clinical laboratory test results, including tests of hepatic
function, and clinical signs indicative of liver disease were described
chronologically for all dogs. Group means of clinical laboratory test results
and quantifiable clinical signs (eg, weight loss and ascitic fluid
accumulation) were compared. This model offers several advantages, compared
with other experimental models of canine hepatic disease. These include
hepatospecificity, similarity to natural disease (eg, the development of
multiple extrahepatic portosystemic shunts), and the ability to titrate the
disease to a desired end point. The major disadvantages of this model were the
toxic nature of the drug to human beings and the variation in individual animal
response to the toxin, which precludes preassignment of animals into groups.
71 NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
Divergent selection for immune responsiveness in chickens: estimation of
realized heritability with an animal model.
Pinard, M.H.; Arendonk, J.A.M. van; Nieuwland, M.G.B.; Zijpp, A.J. van der
Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Oct. Journal of
animal science v. 70 (10): p. 2986-2993; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fowls; Line differences; Antibody formation; Animal models;
Heritability; Selection responses; Genetic trend; Selection differential;
Breeding value; Phenotypes
Abstract: With the aim of improving general disease resistance, chickens were
divergently selected for their antibody titers 5 d after immunization with
sheep red blood cells for nine generations. Selected and control lines differed
significantly for primary and secondary responses after three generations.
Heritability of the antibody titer was estimated by REML fitting an animal
model using a derivative-free algorithm. The heritability estimate using data
on all lines simultaneously was .31. Realized heritability of the antibody
titer in the selected lines was estimated by using either the phenotypic
cumulative response as the deviation from the control line or the mean breeding
values obtained with an animal model. Values from the two methods were
consistent, giving a realized heritability of .21 and .25 in the high and low
lines, respectively. The genetic trend was not linear and the response to
selection tended to accelerate over generations.
72 NAL Call. No.: QP501.C6
Effect of adenine metabolites on survival of Drosophila melanogaster of low
xanthine dehydrogenase activity.
Ho, Y.K.; Guthrie, M.J.; Clifford, A.J.; Ho, C.C.
Oxford : Pergamon Press; 1992 Oct.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology : B : Comparative biochemistry v. 103
(2): p. 413-417; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Drosophila melanogaster; Adenine; Metabolism; Metabolites;
Toxicity; Survival; Xanthine dehydrogenase; Enzyme activity; Metabolic
disorders; Animal models
Abstract: Low xanthine dehydrogenase (LXD) mutant Drosophila melanogaster were
fed 0.2% adenine for 7 generations, no adenine for the next 2 generations
(relaxed) and 0.2% adenine again for the next 3 generations (rechallenged) to
obtain adenine-resistant lines of Drosophila (LXD-adenine). Flies grown without
adenine served as LXD-controls. Purines ranked as follows; adenine > adenosine
> AMP > inosine > IMP in decreasing order of toxicity to LXD-adenine flies.
Addition of ribose to 9N position, or phosphate or carboxy to 6C position of
the purine ring alleviated the toxicity. More LXD-adenine offspring survived
than did LXD-control offspring rechallenged with adenine.
73 NAL Call. No.: 381 J8282
Effect of dietary oils on lipid peroxidation and on antioxidant parameters of
rat plasma and lipoprotein fractions.
Scaccini, C.; Nardini, M.; D'Aquino, M.; Gentili, V.; Di Felice, M.; Tomassi,
G.
Bethesda, Md. : Lipid Research, Inc; 1992 May.
Journal of lipid research v. 33 (5): p. 627-633; 1992 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Soybean oil; Olive oil; Triolein; Unsaturated fatty
acids; Antioxidants; Lipid peroxidation; Low density lipoprotein; Verylow
density lipoprotein; Blood lipids; Blood plasma; Rats
Abstract: In order to investigate the influence of fatty acid pattern and
antioxidants other than vitamin E on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels
of plasma very low density and low density lipoproteins (VLDL + LDL), the
effects of three diets (equalized for vitamin E) containing soybean oil, olive
oil, or an oleate-rich mixture of triglycerides (triolein) were studied in
rats. A significantly lower concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive
substances (TBA-RS) in plasma and lipoproteins was found after the olive oil
diet (soybean oil, 3.7 +/- 0.4 nmol/ml; triolein, 2.1 +/- 0.5 nmol/ml; olive
oil, 1.5 +/- 0.3 nmol/ml, in plasma) (soybean oil, 0.99 +/- 0.16 nmol/ml;
triolein, 0.96 +/- 0.13 nmol/ml; olive oil, 0.38 +/- 0.12 nmol/ml, in the VLDL
+ LDL fraction). Furthermore, the results from in vitro copper-induced lipid
peroxidation, expressed in terms of conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides,
and TBA-RS content, showed that VLDL + LDL particles from olive oil-fed rats
were remarkably resistant to oxidative modification. The results suggest that
the fatty acid unsaturation of dietary oils is not the only determining factor
of the antioxidant capacity of lipoproteins in this animal model. The maximal
protection observed after the olive oil diet may be explained by the presence
of other unidentified antioxidants in addition to vitamin E, derived from oil
intake. Therefore, the optimal balance between the content of unsaturated fatty
acids and natural antioxidants in dietary oils appears to be of major
importance.
74 NAL Call. No.: RC628.N48 1987
The effect of different dietary carbohydrates on insulin and glucagon receptors
in two models of genetic obesity: LA/N-corpulent rat and SHR/N-corpulent rat.
Bhathena, S.J.; Kennedy, B.W.; Michaelis, O.E. IV; Jones, J.; Carswell, N.;
Marsh, P.A.; Hansen, C.T.; Voyles, N.R.; Recant, L.
Bethesda, Md. : National Institutes of Health; 1988.
New models of genetically obese rats for studies in diabetes, heart disease,
and complications of obesity : NIH workshop, June 18-19, 1987, summaries of
workshop papers and current bibliography. p. 25-30; 1988. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Obesity; Dietary carbohydrate; Glucagon; Insulin;
Rats
75 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1N88
The effect of ovarian status, form of vitamin D3 steroid and calcium
supplementation on bone metabolism in the rat and the quail. Osborne, M.T.;
Soares, J.H. Jr
Elmsford, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1990 Aug.
Nutrition research v. 10 (8): p. 887-901; 1990 Aug. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cholecalciferol; Vitamin d; Metabolites; Osteoporosis; Bone
density; Calcium; Mineral supplements; Ovariectomy; Rats; Quails
Abstract: Degenerative bone conditions such as osteoporosis affect the elderly
population by causing skeletal fractures. The incidence of osteoporosis is far
greater in postmenopausal women and therefore, loss of ovarian function,
leading to estrogen deficiency, plays an important role in the development of
this disease. Abnormal vitamin D metabolism and insufficient dietary calcium
may also contribute to the development of osteoporosis. Three experiments were
conducted to investigate the effects of estrogen supplementation and dietary
vitamin D3 steroids or calcium supplementation on skeletal metabolism. Eight
week old ovariectomized (Ovx) or sham operated Sprague-Dawley rats or aged
anovulatory Coturnix quail hens were used as animal models. Feeding a diet
containing 1,25(OH)2D3 (5 microgram/kg) with 0.2% calcium was as effective in
maintaining bone mineral concentrations as 20 microgram/kg vitamin D3 and 1.0%
calcium. However, both bone calcium and zinc concentrations were decreased in
Ovx rats and anovulatory quail fed 1,25(OH)2D3 and low calcium. Estrogen
supplementation to Ovx rats and anovulatory quail fed 1,25(OH)2D3 and 0.2% Ca
increased mineral concentrations, thus suggesting enhanced skeletal integrity.
Therefore, these studies suggest improved skeletal calcification in control and
estrogen supplemented female rats and quail fed 1,25(OH)2D3 and 0.2% calcium
versus vitamin D3 with 1.0% calcium.
76 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 J824
Effect of phytate removal on zinc absorption from soy formula. Lonnerdal, B.;
Bell, J.G.; Hendrickx, A.G.; Burns, R.A.; Keen, C.L. Baltimore, Md. : American
Society for Clinical Nutrition; 1988 Nov. American journal of clinical
nutrition v. 48 (5): p. 1301-1306. charts; 1988 Nov. Includes 28 references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Zinc; Infant formulas; Soy milk; Phytate; Intestinal absorption;
Neonates; Rhesus monkeys; Rats
Abstract: Low zinc bioavailability from soy formula may be the result of the
formula's phytate content. We assessed the effect of phytate removal from soy
formula on Zn absorption using infant rhesus monkeys and suckling rat pups as
animal models. Zn absorption in monkeys, as determined by whole-body counting,
was 65% from human milk, 54% from monkey milk, 60% from whey-predominant
formula, 46% from casein-predominant formula, and only 27% from conventional
soy formula (0.621 mmol phytate/L). In contrast, Zn absorption from
dephytinized soy formula (0.067 mmol phytate/L) was 45%. In suckling rats, Zn
absorption from conventional soy formula was only 16% vs 47% from dephytinized
soy formula. Phytate concentration in a variety of experimental soy formulas
was inversely correlated to Zn absorption. These results suggest that the low
bioavailability of Zn from soy formula is a function of its phytate
concentration and can be overcome by the removal of phytate.
77 NAL Call. No.: 381 B522
The effect of pravastatin on serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic
diabetic rabbits.
Arbeeny, C.M.; Bergquist, K.E.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Apr03.
Biochimica et biophysica acta : International journal of biochemistry and
biophysics v. 1096 (3): p. 238-244; 1991 Apr03. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diabetes mellitus; Hypercholesterolemia; Drug therapy; Blood
serum; Cholesterol; Rabbits
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is associated with hyperlipidemia and increased
risk of atherosclerosis. A diabetic animal model has been developed to study
the effect of treatment with pravastatin, a potent HMG CoA reductase inhibitor,
on plasma lipoprotein levels. Hypercholesterolemia was induced in alloxan
diabetic and control rabbits by feeding a diet containing 25% casein and 10%
hydrogenated coconut oil for 8 weeks. Feeding the casein-coconut oil diet to
the diabetic group resulted in a 5-fold increase in serum cholesterol levels,
which was not statistically different from the nondiabetic group fed this diet.
However, in the diabetic group, there was more cholesterol in the VLDL fraction
and less in LDL as compared to the nondiabetic group. Serum triacylglycerol
levels in the diabetic rabbits were variable and ranged from 58-943 mg/dl. The
diabetic and nondiabetic animals were then treated with pravastatin at a dose
of 10 mg/kg per day for 21 days. In the nondiabetic group, pravastatin
treatment significantly lowered serum and LDL cholesterol concentrations by
28.5% (52.3 mg/dl, P < 0.05) and 36.2% (40.7 mg/dl, P < 0.05) respectively,
relative to the placebo group. Serum and VLDL triacylglycerol levels in the
nondiabetic group were also significantly decreased following pravastatin
treatment. In the diabetic group, serum and LDL cholesterol levels were
decreased by 37.0% (69.1 mg/dl, P < 0.05) and 52.7% (32.1 mg/dl, P < 0.01),
respectively, relative to the diabetics given the placebo. Pravastatin
treatment did not adversely affect serum glucose levels. Thus, pravastatin
treatment was effective in controlling the hypercholesterolemia present in
these diabetic animals.
78 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 J82
The effect of recent vaccination on the dose-response to experimental
Dermatophilus congolensis infection in rabbits.
How, S.J.; Lloyd, D.H.
London : Academic Press; 1990 Feb.
Journal of comparative pathology v. 102 (2): p. 157-163; 1990 Feb. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rabbits; Dermatophilus congolensis; Vaccination; Live vaccines;
Dosage effects; Elisa; Cross immunity; Cross immunization; Animal models
79 NAL Call. No.: RC262.C5N8
Effect of the amount of dietary fat on the development of mammary tumors in
BALB/c-MTV mice.
Zevenbergen, J.L.; Verschuren, P.M.; Zaalberg, J.; Stratum, P. van; Vles, R.O.
Hillsdale, N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc; 1992.
Nutrition and cancer v. 17 (1): p. 9-18; 1992. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Mammary gland neoplasms; Incidence; Mice
Abstract: The relationship between dietary fat consumption and the incidence
of breast cancer, if any, needs to be quantified so that dietary guidelines can
be issued for the prevention of breast cancer. Frequently, only two widely
different dietary fat levels, often differing in essential fatty acid content,
have been compared in animal models. Moreover, the latent period in common
animal models for breast cancer is very short and does not reflect the
relatively long latent periods in human breast cancer. We describe a study with
BALB/c-MTV mice, a strain with a high average tumor incidence and a latent
period of over 60 weeks on average. The mice were fed diets with fat levels
ranging from 10% to 40% of energy, in which fat was isocalorically substituted
for carbohydrates. The level of linoleic acid in these diets was kept constant
al 6.5% of energy. Both the mean tumor incidence and latent periods of the
groups fed diets with 10-16% of energy as fat were not significantly different
from each other. There were also no differences between these parameters in the
groups fed 22-40% of energy as fat. However, the mean incidence and latent
period of the groups fed 22% or more of energy as fat was significantly higher
than that of the groups fed less fat. We conclude that above about 22 % of
energy, fat does not influence the incidence and latent period of mammary
tumors in BALB/c-MTV mice.
80 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A
Effectiveness of arprinocid in the reduction of cryptosporidial activity in
immunosuppressed rats.
Rehg, J.E.; Hancock, M.L.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1990 Oct. American
journal of veterinary research v. 51 (10): p. 1668-1670; 1990 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cryptosporidium; Rats; Immunosuppression; Arprinocid; Drug
effects; Disease prevention
Abstract: Immunosuppressed rats inoculated with Cryptosporidium oocysts
isolated from calves' feces were treated with arprinocid, 50 mg/kg of body
weight/d. As determined from differences in the mean number of cryptosporidial
developmental stages per villus in treated vs control rats, arprinocid had a
substantial effect on cryptosporidial activity, which was parasitistatic
instead of parasiticidal. Drug-ranging experiments indicated that arprinocid
was effective at 50 and 25 mg/kg/d, but not at 12.5 mg/kg/d. These results
suggest that further testing of arprinocid in different animal models, or in
phase-I clinical trials, is warranted.
81 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Effects of dieatary vitamin E on clinical course and plasma glutamic
oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities in
hereditary hepatitis of LEC rats.
Yamazaki, K.; Ohyama, H.; Kurata, K.; Wakabayashi, T.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1993 Feb.
Laboratory animal science v. 43 (1): p. 61-67; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Hepatitis; Vitamin e; Animal models
Abstract: Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats are autosomal recessive mutants that
develop hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Because copper accumulates in
the livers of these rats, and some of their clinical and pathological features
are similar to those of patients with Wilson's disease, LEC rats are proposed
as an animal model of Wilson's disease. It has been thought that unbound copper
generates free radicals, which act as hemolytic and hepatocytotoxic agents. To
examine the effects of vitamin E as an antioxidant on hereditary hepatitis in
LEC rats, we fed 3-week-old rats for 25 weeks either vitamin E-deficient,
control, or vitamin E-supplemented diets which contained < 0.1 mg of total
tocopherols, 2 mg of d,l-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (2 I.U.), and 58.5 mg of d,l-
alpha-tocopheryl nicotinate (50 I.U.), respectively, per 100 mg of feed. In
males, body weight loss was first observed in the vitamin E-deficient group,
and mean ages at which jaundice occurred were in the order: deficient younger
than control younger than supplemented groups. The ages when plasma glutamic
oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities began to
increase sharply and peaked followed the same order. Thus, it is likely that
free radicals are involved in jaundice and hepatitis in LEC male rats, and they
are a model for studying the relationship of copper, free
radicals, and hepatitis. Conversely, in females, no apparent differences in
clinical and biochemical changes were observed among the three groups. Causes
for the discrepancy between the sexes remain to be clarified.
82 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1N88
Effects of dietary fish oil on survival and renal fatty acid composition in
murine polycystic kidney disease.
Aukema, H.M.; Yamaguchi, T.; Takahashi, H.; Philbrick, D.J.; Holub, B.J.
Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992 Nov.
Nutrition research v. 12 (11): p. 1383-1392; 1992 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diet; Fish oils; Kidney diseases; Kidneys; Fatty acids;
Composition; Mice
Abstract: It has been demonstrated that replacing dietary n-6 with n-3
polyunsaturated fatty acids is beneficial in some animal models of renal
disease, but not in others. We fed semi-purified diets containing either
sunflowerseed oil (containing linoleic acid, 18:2n-6) or fish oil (containing
eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3, plus docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3) to a mouse
model of polycystic kidney disease (DBA/2FG-pcy). Renal phospholipid and
triglyceride fatty acid compositions were markedly altered by dietary
treatment: 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 levels were elevated in the kidneys from mice
fed fish oil at the expense of 18:2n-6 and arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6. Despite
these lipid alterations, however, survival and proteinuria were not improved by
long term fish oil consumption in mice with polycystic kidney disease.
83 NAL Call. No.: 448.8 M56
Effects of high fat-feeding to rats on the interrelationship of body weight,
plasma insulin, and fatty acyl-coenzyme A esters in liver and skeletal muscle.
Chen, M.T.; Kaufman, L.N.; Spennetta, T.; Shrago, E.
Philadelphia, Pa. : W.B. Saunders Co; 1992 May.
Metabolism: clinical and experimental v. 41 (5): p. 564-569; 1992 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Saturated fats; Dietary carbohydrate; Body weight;
Blood plasma; Insulin; Glucose; Energy intake; Acetyl coenzyme a; Liver;
Skeletal muscle; Hyperinsulinemia; Correlation; Lipid metabolism; Carbohydrate
metabolism; Animal models; Rats
84 NAL Call. No.: 500 N484
Effects of marine fish oil on blood pressure and vascular reactivity in the
hereditary hypertriglyceridemic rat.
Edelsteinova, S.; Kyselovic, J.; Klimes, I.; Sebokova, E.; Kovacsova, B.;
Kristek, F.; Mitkova, A.; Vrana, A.; Svec, P.
New York : New York Academy of Sciences, 1877-; 1993.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences v. 683: p. 353-356; 1993. In the
series analytic: Dietary lipids and insulin action / edited by I. Klimes, B.V.
Howard, L.H. Storlien, and E. Sebokova. Proceeding of the Second International
Smolenice Insulin Symposium, September 12-16, 1992, Smolenice Castle, Slovak
Republic. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Animal models; Blood pressure; Fish oils; Food supplements; Human
nutrition research; Hereditary diseases; Hypertriglyceridemia; Rats
85 NAL Call. No.: RC628.A1O2
Effects of maternal obesity on fasting metabolism in newborn rats. Heng, J.;
Kliegman, R.M.
Basingstoke, Hampshire : The Macmillan Press Ltd; 1990 Jun. International
journal of obesity v. 14 (6): p. 505-513; 1990 Jun. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Obesity; Maternal nutrition; Fasting; Metabolism; Hypoglycemia;
Weight gain; Pregnancy; Eating patterns; Neonates; Rats
Abstract: Maternal obesity is a risk factor for subsequent fasting
hypoglycemia in human infants after birth. To investigate further this problem,
we employed an animal model of obesity to study neonatal extrauterine metabolic
adaptations in pups of obese and lean rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed
a 'cafeteria diet' to induce obesity prior to and during pregnancy. Prior to
mating, the cafeteria fed rats were significantly heavier (449 v. 345 g, P <
0.001) than the controls. Furthermore, weight gain during pregnancy and weight
at term were also significantly greater in the obese rats even though they
consumed less food during pregnancy. Pup weights and the number of pups per
litter were similar between the two groups. Pups born to obese mothers
demonstrated hypoglycemia after being fasted for 150 and 180 min when compared
with control pups. Hepatic glycogen stores were increased in the fetus of pups
born to obese mothers. Glycogen content in pups born to obese mothers declined
minimally after birth and remained greater than hepatic glycogen values in
control pups throughout the study. In addition to increased fetal storage of
glycogen, fetal hepatic triglyceride content was augmented in pups of obese
rats. These triglyceride stores declined and were mobilized during fasting
after birth. In contrast, hepatic triglyceride content increased after birth
among control rats. These results suggest that maternal obesity results in
augmented fetal hepatic tissue stores of both glycogen and triglycerides.
Hypoglycemia among pups of excessively obese mothers may be due to attenuated
mobilization of hepatic glycogen. Alternate fuel utilization as evident by the
mobilization (rather than storage) of hepatic triglycerides may contribute to
energy metabolism during periods of hypoglycemia.
86 NAL Call. No.: RC620.A1N8
The effects of replacing coconut oil with corn oil on human serum lipid
profiles and platelet derived factors active in atherogenesis. Mendis, S.;
Wissler, R.W.; Bridenstine, R.T.; Podbielski, F.J. Stoneham, Mass. :
Butterworth; 1989 Oct.
Nutrition reports international v. 40 (4): p. 773-782. charts; 1989 Oct.
Includes 33 references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Sri lanka; Maize oil; Coconut oil; Diet; Blood lipids;
Cholesterol; Triglycerides; High density lipoprotein; Low density lipoprotein;
Young adults; Men
Abstract: Young, healthy individuals living in Sri Lanka often consume a diet
containing coconut oil as their main source of fat. Blood lipid values and
selected platelet related factors have been measured in a group of 16 free
living young adults, ages 16 to 21, before and 8 weeks after they had been
shifted from their usual diet to a similar one in which the coconut oil was
replaced by whole milk powder and corn oil. The results indicate that their
blood cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, and several other related circulating
blood lipid values, as well as the platelet factor 4 values, were elevated
prior to the diet change. Many of these factors, associated as risk factors for
atherogenesis, were substantially reduced at the end of the diet change. The
only plasma components which were altered substantially were the triglycerides
and the HDL cholesterol. These results suggest that the special atherogenic
effects of coconut oil that have been demonstrated in so many animal models may
be similarly active in humans.
87 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Effects of sex hormones on fulminant hepatitis in LEC rats: a model of Wilson's
disease.
Kasai, N.; Miyoshi, I.; Osanai, T.; Yamashita, T.; Kamimura, E.; Yoshida, M.C.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Aug.
Laboratory animal science v. 42 (4): p. 363-368; 1992 Aug. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Disease models; Sex hormones; Hepatitis
Abstract: LEC rats, which have hereditary hepatitis and have recently been
proposed as an animal model for Wilson's disease, were examined to determine
the effects of sex hormones on fulminant hepatitis. After the rats had
undergone ovariectomies or orchidectomies (castration) and were compared with
intact rats, the age at the onset of fulminant hepatitis was not substantially
altered but the survival rates decreased from 50% to 12.5% for females and 75%
to 14.3% for males, indicating that sex hormones did not influence the
occurrence of fulminant hepatitis but influenced mortality due to fulminant
hepatitis. When testosterone was administered to the ovariectomized or
orchidectomized rats, the survival rate increased to over 90% in both sexes. In
contrast, estradiol did not affect the survival rate of either sex but affected
the onset of fulminant hepatitis. That is, with the administration of
estradiol, the age at which serum GPT activity reached its maximum was delayed
4 weeks in ovariectomized rats and 6 weeks in orchidectomized rats as compared
with intact rats. A similar but somewhat weaker tendency appeared in rats given
progesterone. The results of our study indicate that sex hormones have no
effect on the rate of occurrence of hepatitis but affect the progression of
hepatitis. In particular, testosterone increased the survival rate of rats with
fulminant hepatitis, and exogenous estradiol delayed the onset of hepatitis for
several weeks.
88 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A
Electrocadiographic and echocardiographic features of trypanosomiasis in dogs
inoculated with North American Trypanosoma cruzi isolates.
Barr, S.C.; Holmes, R.A.; Klei, T.R.
Schaumburg, Ill. : American Veterinary Medical Association; 1992 Apr. American
journal of veterinary research v. 53 (4): p. 521-527; 1992 Apr. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Louisiana; Dogs; Trypanosoma cruzi; Trypanosomiasis;
Cardiomyopathy; Disease models; Electrocardiograms; Recordings; Disease course;
Animal models
Abstract: Purebred Beagles were inoculated with Trypanosoma cruzi isolates
from a North American opossum or armadillo (Tc-W), and dog (Tc-D). Although Tc-
D established infection in dogs, the dogs did not develop cardiac
abnormalities. Dogs inoculated with Tc-W developed acute myocarditis associated
with increases in P-R interval, atrioventricular block, depression of R wave
amplitude and shifts in mean electrical axis. Echocardiograms were normal
during this stage. Three Tc-W-inoculated dogs died during the acute stage.
Following the acute stage, 5 of 8 Tc-W-inoculated dogs entered an indeterminate
stage in which ECG changes were minor and echocardiograms were normal.
Progression to the chronic stage in 5 of the 8 Tc-W-inoculated dogs was
indicated by development of ventricular-based arrhythmias, mainly ventricular
premature contractions, between postinoculation days 60 and 170. In some dogs,
ventricular premature contractions were multifocal. Electrocardiographic
abnormalities progressively degenerated to various forms of ventricular
tachycardia. Worsening ECG coincided with loss of left ventricular function as
measured by echocardiography. Mean percent ejection fraction and percentage of
fractional shortening decreased to 63% and 52% of control values, respectively.
The left ventricular free wall (LVFW) thickness decreased and % septal: % LVFW
thickening ratio increased, indicating a relative preservation of septal wall
motion and LVFW hypokinesis.
89 NAL Call. No.: 41.2 H198 1988 [no.108]
Entwicklung eines Modelles zur Untersuchung psychosozialer und genetischer
Einflusse auf den Verlauf einer chronisch respiratorischen Erkrankung (Murine
Respiratorische Mykoplasmose) bei der Ratte [Development of an animal model to
estimate social and genetic influences on the course of chronic respiratory
disease (Murine Respiratory Mycoplasmosis)].
Iglauer, Franz
Hannover : [s.n.],; 1988.
116 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. (Inaugural-Dissertation / Tierarztliche Hochschule
Hannover ; 1988, [no. 108]). English summary. Includes bibliographical
references.
Language: German
90 NAL Call. No.: QR360.J6
Equine H7N7 influenza A viruses are highly pathogenic in mice without
adaptation: potential use as an animal model.
Kawaoka, Y.
Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology; 1991 Jul. Journal of
virology v. 65 (7): p. 3891-3894; 1991 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Equine influenza virus; Pathogenicity; Virulence; Fatal infections;
Experimental infections; Nervous system diseases; Mice; Animal models
Abstract: Equine H7N7 influenza A viruses, representing a broad range of
isolates, were lethal in mice without adaptation. After repeated passages,
A/Equine/London/1416/73 acquired neurotropism upon intranasal infection. Thus,
mice infected with equine influenza A viruses provide a model system for the
study of highly virulent mammalian influenza viruses.
91 NAL Call. No.: SF951.J65
Equine infectious anemia as an AIDS animal model.
Tashijan, R.J.; Crusberg, T.C.
Lake Elsinore, Calif. : William E. Jones, DVM; 1989 Mar.
Journal of equine veterinary science v. 9 (2): p. 105-110; 1989 Mar. Literature
review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Horses; Equine infectious anemia; Equine infectious anemia virus;
Disease models
92 NAL Call. No.: 389.1 W892
Essentiality of omega 3 fatty acids: evidence from the primate model and
implications for human nutrition.
Connor, W.E.; Neuringer, M.; Reisbick, S.
Basel : S. Karger; 1991.
World review of nutrition and dietetics v. 66: p. 118-132; 1991. In the series
analytic: Health effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in seafoods /
edited by A. Simopoulos, R. Kifer, R. Martin and S. Barlow. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Docosenoic acids; Fish oils; Essential fatty acids; Animal models;
Macaca mulatta; Fat deficiencies; Experimental diets; Safflower oil; Blood
plasma; Tissues; Fatty acids; Phospholipids; Vision disorders; Polydipsia
Abstract: This study shows that dietary omega-3 fatty acid deficiency leads to
severe and progressive depletion of omega-3 fatty acids from the plasma and
from all tissues analyzed including red blood cells, liver, skin, fat, cerebral
cortex and retina in primates. It supports the conclusion that there should be
adequate amounts of both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet throughout
life and that their ratio is of great importance.
93 NAL Call. No.: RS160.J6
Ethnopharmacology and the development of natural PAF antagonists as therapeutic
agents.
Braquet, P.; Hosford, D.
Limerick : Elsevier Scientific Publishers; 1991 Apr.
Journal of ethno-pharmacology v. 32 (1/3): p. 135-139; 1991 Apr. Paper
presented at the First International Conference on Ethnopharmacology, June 5-9,
1990, Strasbourg, France. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Ginkgo biloba; Leaves; Plant extracts; Antagonists; Medicinal
properties; Pharmacology; Chemistry
Abstract: Ginkgolides are unique twenty-carbon terpenes, occurring naturally
only in the roots and leaves of Ginkgo biloba. The molecules incorporate a
tert-butyl group and six 5-membered rings, and are specific and potent
antagonists of platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent inflammatory
autacoid. Studies in animal models with the most potent ginkgolide, BN 52021,
and other specific PAF antagonists have demonstrated that PAF plays an
important role in pathologies such as asthma, shock, ischemia, anaphylaxis,
graft rejection, renal disease, CNS disorders and numerous inflammatory
conditions. Ginkgolides are now being developed as therapeutic agents and very
promising results have been obtained in clinical trials on shock, organ
preservation and thermal injury. In addition to ginkgolides, several other
types of natural PAF antagonists have been identified from various medicinal
plants. These compounds have not only helped to explain the pharmacological
basis of several traditional medicines. but have also provided man with a
valuable new class of therapeutic agents.
94 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Evaluation of a nude mouse tumor model using beta-galactosidase-expressing
melanoma cells.
Dooley, T.P.; Stamp-Cole, M.; Ouding, R.J.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1993 Feb.
Laboratory animal science v. 43 (1): p. 48-57; 1993 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Mice; Animal models; Melanoma
Abstract: We developed and evaluated an in vivo athymic nude mouse model for
tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and antineoplastic drug development.
Melanoma cell lines expressing beta-galactosidase encoded by the Escherichia
coli lac Z gene have been created by infecting an immortal murine melanocyte
cell line with a recombinant retrovirus expressing the v-Ha-ras oncogene and
lac Z to generate the MRB (melanoma, ras, beta-galactosidase) cell lines. The
amelanotic, phorbol ester-independent, transformed melanoma cell lines
developed tumors rapidly when injected subcutaneously into nude mice, as well
as experimental lung metastases when injected i.v. into the tail vein. beta-
galactosidase-expressing subcutaneous tumors and lung metastases stained blue
with X-gal. The melanomas produced in nude mice have been characterized by
using various histochemical and immunohistochemical staining methods to detect melanoma-
and endothelial-cell-specific markers to determine the extent of
neovascularization in MRB nude mouse tumors. Optimal staining of endothelial
cells involved in tumor angiogenesis was observed by using ADPase activity and
antiangiotensin-converting enzyme antibody staining. Attempts at indirect
quantification of metastatic tumor cell number within the lung by either beta-
galactosidase enzymatic activity or ELISA immunoreactivity were unsuccessful.
However, the MRB cell lines should be useful in screening for and studying the
mechanisms of action of antineoplastic, antimetastatic, and angiostatic drugs
in vivo in athymic nude mice.
95 NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
Evaluation of inbred germ-free Fischer 344 albino rats as an experimental model
for oral candidiasis.
Van Wyk, C.W.; Basson, N.J.; Gibson, B.M.
London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1989 Jul.
Laboratory animals v. 23 (3): p. 248-255. ill; 1989 Jul. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Candidosis; Candida albicans; Tongue lesions; Tongue;
Opportunistic infections; Germfree state; Inbred strains; Induced resistance;
Animal models; Disease models
Abstract: Inbred germ-free Fischer 344 albino rats were evaluated as models
for experimental candidiasis in order to investigate bacterial interaction with
Candida albicans. Female rats were exposed to C. albicans in their drinking
water and killed at intervals from 2 to 22 days after initial contact with the
contaminant. C. albicans was cultured from their mouths from day 2 but from day
12 the number of colonies decreased. From day 2 to 9 all rats showed oral
histological signs of candidal infestation, but after 9 days the number
declined to 3 out of 9 at 22 days. The dorsal surface of the tongue was the
best histological indicator of candidal infestation. All the rats had tongue
lesions from day 4 to 9, and from day 6 there was also a concomitant localized
loss of filiform papillae. The number of rats with all forms of tongue
involvement also decreased after 9 days with only 3 out of 9 affected at 22
days. It is concluded that Fischer 344 inbred germ-free rats can be used on a
limited scale as a model for candidiasis and bacterial interaction with C.
albicans, the dorsal surface of the tongue would be the best site for studying
candidal experimental lesions and it is probable that better results can be
achieved with complete standardization of contamination and preparation
procedures.
96 NAL Call. No.: TD172.A7
Evaluation of the polychlorobiphenyl Aroclor 1254 in an animal model of
atherosclerosis.
Carter, J.W.; Koo, S.I.
New York, N.Y. : Springer-Verlag; 1988 May.
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology v. 17 (3): p. 307-312;
1988 May. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Experimental atherosclerosis; Animal experiments; Polychlorinated
biphenyls; Arochlor; Diets; Cholesterol; Pigeons
97 NAL Call. No.: RB127.P34
Experimental approach to reflex sympathetic dystrophy and related syndromes.
Janig, W.
Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Sep.
Pain : the journal of the International Association for the Study of Pain v. 46
(3): p. 241-245; 1991 Sep. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Animal models; Disease models; Nervous system diseases
98 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 R312
Experimental infectaion of the mouse mammary gland with Campylobacter coli.
Diker, K.S.; Haziroglu, R.; Diker, F.S.
London : British Veterinary Association; 1992 Jan.
Research in veterinary science v. 52 (1): p. 123-125; 1992 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Campylobacter; Bovine mastitis; Disease models; Animal models;
Mice; Mammary glands; Experimental infection; Strain differences
Abstract: Campylobacter cob strains of bovine and avian origin were inoculated
into the mammary gland of mice. A bovine strain isolated from a case of
mastitis produced gross and histological changes in most of the glands; one
bovine and one avian faecal isolate did not. Histologically, lesions were
characterised by neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar spaces and necrosis
and oedema in the interalveolar tissue. On bacteriological examination, the
bovine mastitis strain could be isolated from most of the glands, but neither
of the faecal strains. The mouse, therefore, appears to provide a convenient
model for studying campylobacter mastitis.
99 NAL Call. No.: QR1.I57
Experimental infection of severe combined immunodeficient beige mice with
Mycobacterium paratuberculosis of bovine origin.
Mutwiri, G.K.; Butler, D.G.; Rosendal, S.; Yager, J.
Washington, D.C. : American Society for Microbiology; 1992 Oct. Infection and
immunity v. 60 (10): p. 4074-4079; 1992 Oct. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cattle; Mice; Disease models; Mycobacterium paratuberculosis;
Enteritis; Experimental infection; Cachexia; Pathogenesis; Immunological
deficiency; Histology
Abstract: Severe combined immunodeficient beige mice were inoculated orally
and intraperitoneally with a bovine strain of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis to
explore their potential as laboratory animal models in the study of
paratuberculosis (Johne's disease). Control animals were similarly inoculated
with heat-killed M. paratuberculosis. In the mice inoculated intraperitoneally,
focal lesions and acid-fast bacilli were first detected in the livers (4 weeks
postinfection) and later in the spleens and intestines of the test but not the
control animals. No bacteria were seen in the hearts, kidneys, or lungs. At 12
weeks postinfection, all test mice had significant losses in body weight
compared with those in controls (P < 0.05), a characteristic sign of bovine
paratuberculosis. Tumor necrosis factor alpha was not detected in the serum.
Histologic lesions were seen in the intestines, livers, and spleens of the
animals in the orally inoculated test group after 26 weeks of infection. Our
results suggest that the severe combined immunodeficient beige mouse may be a
useful model for the investigation of paratuberculosis and cachexia and the
evaluation of antimycobacterial drugs.
100 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3A
An experimental model for subclinical edema disease (Escherichia coli
enterotoxemia) manifest as vascular necrosis in pigs.
Kausche, F.M.; Dean, E.A.; Arp, L.H.; Samuel, J.E.; Moon, H.W. Schaumburg, Ill.
: American Veterinary Medical Association; 1992 Mar. American journal of
veterinary research v. 53 (3): p. 281-287; 1992 Mar. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Pigs; Edema; Latent infections; Disease models; Escherichia coli;
Enterotoxemia; Animal models; Oral administration
Abstract: An experimental model for subclinical edema disease was developed in
weanling pigs. In multiple experiments, 3-week-old pigs were weaned, then
inoculated intragastrically with 10(10) colony-forming units of an SLT-IIv-
positive strain of Escherichia coli originally isolated from a pig with edema
disease (principals). Control pigs were inoculated with a nonpathogenic E coli
strain. Of 39 principals, 8 developed clinical edema disease within 14 days
after inoculation. However, 20 of 21 principals that did not develop clinical
signs of edema disease, but were submitted for necropsy examination at 14 days
after inoculation, had characteristic vascular lesions of edema disease.
Vascular lesions, found principally in ileum and brain, consisted of segmental
necrosis of myocytes in the tunica media of small arteries and arterioles. None
of the pigs inoculated with a nonpathogenic strain of E coli developed edema
disease or vascular lesions. None of the principals necropsied at 2 days after
inoculation had vascular lesions. Development of vascular lesions by 14 days
after inoculation was used as the end point for detecting subclinical edema
disease in the model.
101 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 J82
Experimental proliferative glomerulonephritis in the cat.
Bishop, S.A.; Stokes, C.R.; Lucke, V.M.
London : Academic Press; 1992 Jan.
Journal of comparative pathology v. 106 (1): p. 49-60; 1992 Jan. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Cats; Glomerulonephritis; Disease models; Serum albumin;
Intravenous injection; Symptoms; Animal models
102 NAL Call. No.: RB125.E9
Experimental surgery and physiology induced animal models of human disease.
Swindle, M. Michael; Adams, Robert J.
Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins,; 1988.
x, 350 p. : ill. ; 27 cm. Includes bibliographies and index.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diseases; Animal models; Surgery, Experimental
103 NAL Call. No.: RB127.P34
The expression of a deafferentation syndrome in the Sprague-Dawley rat: effects
of frontoparietal cortical lesions.
Ovelmen-Levitt, J.; Young, J.N.; Rossitch, E. Jr; Nashold, B.S. Jr Amsterdam :
Elsevier Science Publishers; 1991 Nov.
Pain : the journal of the International Association for the Study of Pain v. 47
(2): p. 203-209; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Rats; Animal models; Lesions; Cerebral cortex; Nervous system
diseases
104 NAL Call. No.: SF601.J65
Factors associated with failure of passive transfer of colostral antibodies in
Standardbred foals.
Clabough, D.L.; Levine, J.F.; Grant, G.L.; Conboy, H.S.
Hagerstown, Md. : American College of Veterinary Medicine; 1991 Nov. Journal of
veterinary internal medicine v. 5 (6): p. 335-340; 1991 Nov. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Foals; Maternal antibodies; Maternal immunity; Colostrum; Mares;
Blood serum; Igg; Medical treatment; Animal models; Age
105 NAL Call. No.: RC628.O22
Failure to demonstrate changes in liver, kidney and red blood cell membrane
Na,K-ATPase activity in rats with dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic
nucleus lesions.
Bernardis, L.L.; Davis, P.J.
New York, N.Y. : Human Sciences Press; 1989.
Journal of obesity and weight regulation v. 8 (1): p. 3-12; 1989. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Body weight; Liver; Kidneys; Erythrocytes; Cell membranes; Sodium;
Potassium; Atp; Adenosinetriphosphatase; Enzyme activity; Hypothalamic lesions;
Food intake; Body fat; Rats
Abstract: To determine whether body composition and body size changes induced
by specific hypothalamic nucleus destruction alter peripheral tissue Na,K-
ATPase activity, measurements of red cell, liver and kidney membrane Na,K-
ATPase were made in female rats previously subjected to ablation of the
dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMN). Results were compared to those obtained
from rats with ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) ablation or sham
operation. Predictable body size and composition changes occurred in the DMN-
lesioned animals (reduced body weight, length and food intake, normal carcass
fat) and VMN-lesioned rats (normal body weight and food intake, reduced body
length, increased carcass fat). Tissue Na,K-ATPase activity was, however,
unaffected by hypothalamic ablation in either preparation, as shown by
comparison to sham-operated controls. It is concluded that animal models of
acquired obesity (VMN-lesioned rat, diet-induced obesity) and body size
manipulation (DMN-ablated rat) are not dependent upon changes in membrane Na,K-
ATPase activity in various tissues. Although the VMN and DMN have been reported
by other laboratories to contain factors that can influence Na,K-ATPase
activity, destruction of these hypothalamic loci was not associated with
systemic changes in the activity of this enzyme.
106 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Fasting hyperbilirubinemia in normal squirrel monkeys.
Cornelius, C.E.; Freedland, R.A.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Feb.
Laboratory animal science v. 42 (1): p. 35-37; 1992 Feb. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Saimiri sciureus; Hyperbilirubinemia; Fasting; Animal models;
Bilirubin
Abstract: The plasma of Bolivian squirrel monkeys, unlike that of Brazilian
squirrel monkeys, is markedly yellow due to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
after an overnight fast. The fasting hyperbilirubinemia in Bolivian squirrel
monkeys is likely due to two mechanisms. First, a twofold increase in the
bilirubin turnover/production rate occurs during a 24-hour fast. A second
mechanism is the decreased hepatic conjugation potential for bilirubin due to
the presence of a higher bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGA)Km and a
lower Vm; this results in higher steady-state plasma and hepatic bilirubin
levels during a fast when hepatic UDP-glucuronic acid levels are low. The
Bolivian squirrel monkey provides an excellent animal model for human Gilbert's
syndrome type I in which to study rate-limiting mechanisms in the movement of
bilirubin from plasma to bile.
107 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1P72
Fat intake and immune response.
Kelley, D.S.; Daudu, P.A.
Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press Inc; 1993 Jan.
Progress in food and nutrition science v. 17 (1): p. 41-63; 1993 Jan.
Literature review. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Dietary fat; Fat consumption; Immune response; Fat deficiencies;
Fatty acids; Lymphocytes; Monocytes; Macrophages; Neutrophils; Cholesterol;
Nutrition physiology; Literature reviews
Abstract: Changing the concentration or the type of fat intake impacts several
aspects of the immune response involving lymphocytes, monocytes, and
neutrophils. An increase in the intake of fat inhibited immune response in
humans and in several animal models. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of N-6
type lowered immune response in several animal models, but a moderate increase
in the consumption of N-6 PUFA by humans did not have any detectable adverse
effect on the immune response. In humans, several indices of immune response
were inhibited by the N-3 PUFA, but in animals both inhibition and stimulation
were found, depending upon the species, the fatty acids used and the index
being examined. Whether the absolute amounts or the ratios between individual
fatty acids or fatty acid classes are critical in determining their effects on
immune response need to be investigated. Manipulation of fat intake has already
found limited success in managing some of the disorders of the immune system
and further use of this treatment is anticipated.
108 NAL Call. No.: QP1.P4
Feeding conditions and estrous cycle of female rats under the activity-stress
procedure from aspects of anorexia nervosa.
Watanabe, K.; Hara, C.; Ogawa, N.
Tarrytown, N.Y. : Pergamon Press; 1992 Apr.
Physiology & behavior v. 51 (4): p. 827-832; 1992 Apr. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Anorexia nervosa; Food restriction; Feeding behavior; Activity;
Stress; Food intake; Body weight; Estrous cycle; Mortality; Gastric ulcer;
Histopathology; Animal models; Female animals; Rats
Abstract: The present study investigated the application of female rats with
activity stress as an animal model for anorexia nervosa. Young female rats were
singly housed in activity-wheel cages with food-restricted schedule (2, 3, or 4
h of food availability per day) for 3 weeks. Estrous cycle, body, weight, food
intake, and wheel revolution were recorded daily. Gastric
pathology was also observed using the endoscopic technique. Rats that were
subjected to either a 3- or 4-h feeding schedule exhibited the cessation of
estrous cycle, loss of body weight, and suppression of food intake. These
animals also showed a remarkable increase in running activity. However, they
had no gastric lesions throughout the experimental period. On the contrary, the
2-h feeding schedule elicited severe gastric lesions and high mortality. The
results suggest that behavioral and physiological changes of the young female
rats with 3 or 4 h feeding share some symptoms of anorexia nervosa, although
their anorexia is not self starvation.
109 NAL Call. No.: QR46.J6
Feeding trials of Listeria monocytogenes with a nonhuman primate model. Farber,
J.M.; Daley, E.; Coates, F.; Beausoleil, N.; Fournier, J. Washington, D.C. :
American Society for Microbiology; 1991 Nov. Journal of clinical microbiology
v. 29 (11): p. 2606-2608; 1991 Nov. Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Listeria monocytogenes; Foodborne diseases; Inoculum; Inoculum
density; Infection; Symptoms; Disease models; Macaca fascicularis
Abstract: One of the major unanswered questions regarding the presence of
Listeria monocytogenes in foods is how many cells must be ingested in order to
cause illness. To answer this question, studies were undertaken by using Macaca
fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) as an animal model. Healthy nonhuman primates
were dosed with various concentrations of L. monocytogenes suspended in sterile
whole milk. Final concentrations of 10(5), 10(7), and 10(9) total cells of the
organism were used; a control was also included. Blood samples, as well as
fecal and nasal specimens, were taken at various time intervals. Only animals
that received 10(9) cells of L. monocytogenes became noticeably ill, with
symptoms of septicemia, irritability, loss of appetite, and occasional
diarrhea. Monkeys that received 10(7) and 10(9) cells shed L. monocytogenes in
the feces for approximately 21 days. In monkeys that received the dose of 10(9)
cells, severe lymphopenia and neutrophilia occurred within 48 h. In a separate
trial, monkeys received Maalox to reduce the gastric acidity of the stomach.
However, no substantial differences were observed between Maalox-treated and
control monkeys.
110 NAL Call. No.: QP141.A1J68
Food antigens in human milk.
Jakobsson, I.
Basingstoke : The Macmillan Press Ltd; 1991.
European journal of clinical nutrition v. 45 (suppl.1): p. 29-33; 1991.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Human milk; Food allergies; Antigens; Milk proteins; Maternal
effects; Maternal nutrition; Colic; Beta-lactoglobulin; Allergic reactions;
Ige; Protein content; Infants; Animal models
Abstract: Before being diagnosed as cow's milk protein intolerant, many
infants suffered from a lot of feeding difficulties even when fed only human
milk, which gave us the idea for the following hypothesis: cow's milk taken by
the mother can reach the infant via the breast milk. Since then we have tested
this hypothesis on a number of infants with colic.
111 NAL Call. No.: QP501.B64
Fulvic acid supplementation and selenium deficiency disturb the structural
integrity of mouse skeletal tissue.
Yang, C.; Niu, C.; Bodo, M.; Gabriel, E.; Notbohm, H.; Wolf, E.; Muller, P.K.
London : The Biochemical Society; 1993 Feb01.
The Biochemical journal v. 289 (pt.3): p. 829-835; 1993 Feb01. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Fulvic acids; Supplements; Selenium; Mineral deficiencies; Bone
diseases; Collagen; Heat stability; Proline; Lysine; Bone strength
Abstract: High concentrations of fulvic acid and selenium deficiency are the
main causative factors of Kashin-Beck disease, an endemic, chronic and
degenerative osteoarticular disorder found in China. In the search for an
animal model of this disease, mice were exposed to these pathogenetic
conditions for two generations and the collagen types from skin, bone and
cartilage were analysed. The growth of the treated mice was slightly retarded,
and the rate of reproduction was lower in animals maintained on a fulvic acid-
supplemented and/or selenium-deficient diet. Irregular bone formation was seen
by radiography and morphometry. Biochemical analysis indicated that lysine
residues in collagen I from bone and in collagen II from cartilage were
overmodified. The values of Hyl/(Hyl + Lys) in bone collagen alpha 1(I) chains
from treated mice were about 0.434-0.484, i.e. substantially higher than that
of the control (0.277). The values of this parameter for collagen II were 0.482
for control and 0.546-0.566 for treated mice. The melting temperature of
collagen I from bones of treated mice was 1 degrees C lower than that of
control collagen, indicating decreased thermal stability. The breakage point of
the tibiae of treated mice occurred at a lower preload force than for controls,
suggesting that the overmodified and thermally less stable collagen molecules
are causally related to a lower mechanical strength of bones.
112 NAL Call. No.: HV5285.A43
Genetic animal models.
Crabble, J.C.; Phillips, T.J.
Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1990. Alcohol
health and research world - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
v. 14 (3): p. 179-180; 1990.
Language: English
Descriptors: U.S.A.; Animal experiments; Animal models; Genetic models;
Alcoholism; Genetic regulation; Laboratory animals
113 NAL Call. No.: QP534.B56
Genetic influences on tissue deposition of aluminum in mice. Fosmire, G.J.;
Focht, S.J.; McClearn, G.E.
Totowa, N.J. : Humana Press; 1993 May.
Biological trace element research v. 37 (2/3): p. 115-121; 1993 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diet; Aluminum; Toxicity; Mineral metabolism; Tissues;
Composition; Strain differences; Animal models; Disease models; Alzheimer's
disease; Mice
114 NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
Genetic lipid storage disease with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency in rats.
Yoshida, H.; Kuriyama, M.
Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1990 Sep.
Laboratory animal science v. 40 (5): p. 486-489; 1990 Sep. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Human diseases; Disease models; Rats; Triacylglycerol lipase;
Lysosomes; Symptoms; Pathology
Abstract: We describe a new animal model of a genetic lipid storage disease
analogous to human Wolman's disease. Affected Donryu rats, who inherited the
disease in an autosomal recessive mode, manifested marked hepatosplenomegaly,
lymph node enlargement, and thickened, dilated intestine. Morphologically, many
characteristic foam cells were observed in livers and spleens. No adrenal
calcification could be found in affected rats. Biochemical studies on spleen
and liver tissues showed massive accumulation of esterified cholesterol and
triglycerides, and deficiency of acid lipase for [14Cl-cholesteryl oleate. This
animal model could contribute greatly to the clarification of the physiological
and pathological roles of lysosomal acid lipase in the metabolism of
lipoproteins and cholesterol, and of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
115 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 J82
Glycogen accumulation in the renal tubular cells of spontaneously occurring
diabetic WBN/kob rats.
Tsuchitani, M.; Kuroda, J.; Nagatani, M.; Miura, K.; Katoh, T.; Saegusa, T.;
Narama, I.; Itakura, C.
London : Academic Press; 1990 Feb.
Journal of comparative pathology v. 102 (2): p. 179-190. ill; 1990 Feb.
Includes references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Diabetes; Rats; Kidneys; Glycogen; Histopathology; Animal models;
Disease models
116 NAL Call. No.: QR360.A1J6
A hamster model of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection; passive
protection by monoclonal antibodies to EHV-1 glycoproteins 13, 14 and 17/18.
Stokes, A.; Allen, G.P.; Pullen, L.A.; Murray, P.K.
Reading : Society for General Microbiology; 1989 May.
The Journal of general virology v. 70 (pt.5): p. 1173-1183; 1989 May. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Hamsters; Herpetoviridae; Glycoproteins; Monoclonal antibodies;
Models
117 NAL Call. No.: 41.8 J82
Hepatic pathology of the colon carcinogen, azoxymethane, in Hanford-Moore
miniature pigs.
Wargovich, M.J.; Satterfield, W.; Price, R.E.; Stephens, L.C.; Coghlan, L.
London : Academic Press; 1991 Oct.
Journal of comparative pathology v. 105 (3): p. 271-278; 1991 Oct. Includes
references.
Language: English
Descriptors: Miniature pigs; Animal models; Disease models; Colon;
Azoxymethane; Carcinogens; Neoplasms; Toxicity; Liver; Histopathology
118 NAL Call. No.: 389.8 Z33
Hepatic selenium concentration in pigs with