Policies and Links
Contents
Introduction
About this Document
Bibliography:
Prehistoric, Progenitors
Biogeography
Natural History, Habits, Behaviors, and Reproduction in the Wild
Tigers in Society and Religion
Trade Concerns, Tissue Identification, and Laws
Conservation, Population Studies, Reserves
Genetics, Genetic Diversity
Captive Care, Husbandry, Breeding, and Behavior
Physiology, Anatomy, Structure, and Reproduction
Diseases, Abnormalities, Veterinary Care
An Introduction to the Tiger Family Panthera tigris
TAXONOMY
Tigers belong to the Class Carnivora; the Family Felidae; The Subfamily Pantherae, the Genus Panthera, and the species tigris. In this document these animals will be referred to as Panthera tigris.
Tigers (and all other carnivores) descended from civet-like animals called miacids. Miacids lived when the dinosaurs roamed the earth--about 60 million years ago. Miacids were small mammals, with long bodies and short flexible limbs. Over several millions of years they evolved into several hundred different species, including cats,
bears, dogs and weasels. Approximately 37 cat species exist today, including the tiger. Note: Sabre-tooth tigers are not the ancestors of today's tigers. Saber-toothed cats were members of a separate branch of feline type animals that became extinct many millions of
years ago.
There are a number of subspecies of tigers that have been identified and they are as follows:
Currently living populations:
Bengal tiger: Panthera tigris tigris
Indochinese tiger: Panthera tigris corbetti
Siberian (Amur) tiger: Panthera tigris altaica
South China tiger: Panthera tigris amoyensis
Sumatran tiger: Panthera tigris sumatrae
Recently extinct subspecies:
Caspian tiger: Panthera virgila
Javan tiger: Panthera sandaica
Balinese tiger: Panthera balica
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIOUS LIVING SUBSPECIES
Some general characteristics of tigers
Tigers have historically lived in a wide variety of climates and habitats from Turkey east to China and from Siberia south to the Indonesian islands. They are the largest of the cats living on earth today.
After about 103 days of gestation, female tigers of all the subspecies produce a litter of between 1 and 5 cubs (2-3 is average). At 8 weeks, cubs start learning to hunt with their mother.
By 6 months they have learned the basics of killing animal. It will be about 1 ½ years before they can really hunt and sustain themselves on their own.
Because these cats are so large, they require large species of prey animals. As you imagine, tigers naturally travel over large areas in search of prey.
As
the human population of the world and fragmentation of forests and wild lands continues, tigers are colliding with humans and losing the battle for wild places with enough large prey animals to sustain them.
Tigers are also being killed for their spectacular fur coats and for Asian medicinal products.
Bengal tiger, Royal Bengal tiger, and Indian tiger: Panthera tigris tigris
The Bengal tiger is the more numerous of tigers. It is estimated that between 3,000 and 5,000 still live in the wild. They eat mostly the larger species of deer and cattle type animals.
The average weight of females is 220-350 pounds. Males weight about twice as much 420-570 pounds. The length of tigers is about 8-8 ½ feet
for females, but males can grow to slightly over 10 feet. They range over 10-39 square kilometers (3.9–15 square miles) for females and 30-105 square kilometers (11.7–40.5 square miles) for males.
Only Bengal tigers have been found with the white color coat. It has been determined that some individuals carry a recessive gene for a white coat color. Note that the white colored animals are not albinos.
The Bengal tiger lives in a wide range of habitats, including the high altitude, cold, coniferous Himalayan forests, the steaming mangroves of the Sunderbans, the swampy reed lands, the scorched hills of the Indian peninsula, the lush
wet forests of Northern
India, and the arid forests of Rajasthan. Their range is in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Myanmar.
Indochinese tiger: Panthera tigris corbetti
It is suspected that there are between 1,200 and 1,800 Indochinese tigers roaming the remote forests in hilly to mountainous terrain, much of which lies along the borders between countries. Access to these areas is often restricted, so very little is known about wild Indochinese tigers. It is known that they eat larger prey such as wild pigs, deer and cattle.
The Indochinese subspecies is smaller and darker than the Bengal. The females weigh between 220-290 pounds and are about 7 ½ feet long. The males weigh about 330-430 pounds and grow to between 8 ½ feet to about 9 ½
feet. Their optimum habitat is probably about 39 square miles.
It is reported that the have shorter narrower stripes on their coat. These tigers live mostly in Thailand, but are found in southern China, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar, and peninsular Maylasia.
Siberian tiger, Amur tiger, Ussuri tiger, Manchurain tiger, North-East China tiger: Panthera tigris altaica
Researchers believe that there are only about 360–406 Siberian tigers--now referred to as the Amur tigers--in the wild.. They are the largest of the tigers and considered to be the
largest cat existing
in the world today. They mainly eat wild boar and elk. The average weight of the females is between 220-368 pounds.
A female’s length varies from about 8 to 9 feet. Male Amur tigers are much heavier and average between 420-675 pounds. A male’s length can be from 8 feet 8 inches to 10 feet 9 inches!
These tigers also have the largest home range needs. A female will range from 39 to over 150 square miles and the males can range from 300-390 square miles.
Such large ranges reflect the fact that their prey is unevenly distributed and moves seasonally.
You can certainly recognize that this cat is a tiger but it does have some coat color differences from the Indian tigers that we see most commonly in zoos. The Amur tiger’s coat is a pale orange color with brown widely spaced stripes. Another unique coat characteristics are a large thick white neck ruff, white chest and
white underbelly.
Amur tigers live in the in the birch, evergreen and scrub oak forests and eat wild boar, deer and elk. They are found mostly in eastern Russia but have been seen in some parts of northeastern China and northern North Korea.
South China tiger, Amoy tiger, Chinese tiger: Panthera tigris amoyensis
The South China tiger is considered to be the ancestor of all the tiger subspecies. This tiger is viewed as the most critically endangered of all the living tiger subspecies.
It is projected that there are currently only about 20-30 individuals in the wild. Very little is known about the lives and habits of these rare animals. In the wild, they are known to eat cattle, deer and pigs. Although the other subspecies are found
in zoos around the world, the South China tiger is found mostly in zoos in China.
A female of this subspecies on average weighs between 221 and 254 pounds while the male is somewhat heavier at 287 to 386 pounds. In length the females are said to range from 7 feet 3 inches to 8 feet. The males range from 7 feet 7 inches to 8 feet 6 inches.
The coat color is similar to the other Asian tigers, but they have very short, broad stripes spaced far apart compared to those of Bengal and Siberian tigers.
As you might expect from the name, the South China tiger is found in southern regions of central and eastern China
.
Sumatran tiger: Panthera tigris sumatrae
The Sumatran tiger is the smallest of the living tiger subspecies. Approximately 400 wild Sumatran tigers are living today, primarily in the five national parks on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. As with other Asian tigers, the Sumatran is at the top of the island food chain and eats wild pig, big deer (called rusa) and muntjak, a small
barking deer.
An average female only weighs165-243 pounds and is about 7 to 7 ½ feet long. The males only weigh 220-300 pounds. Their length can vary between 7 to 8 ½ feet. The specific range size of this tiger is not known, but there appear to be 4-5 tigers per 39 square miles in the low lands were food is plentiful. In the mountain forests, there are fewer tigers as the prey is less abundant.
The Sumatran has the darkest colored coat of all tigers. It has beautiful broad, black stripes that are often double and closely spaced. The forelegs are stripped as well.
The Sumatran tiger is found only on the Indonesian island of Sumatra in habitat that ranges from low-land forest to sub-mountain and mountain forest with some peat-moss forest.
RECENTLY EXTINCT SUBSPECIES
Sadly, three tiger subspecies are considered to have become extinct in the past 70 years of the 20th Century. They are: the Caspian tiger, the Javan tiger, and the Balinese tiger.
Caspian tiger: Panthera virgila
The Caspian tiger once ranged over large parts of the Middle East. It was probably extinct in the 1950's when there was a concerted land reclamation project in an area of Russia where in the 1940's the populations were the
highest. The Russian military were successful in killing the tigers found in this area. This curious subspecies (technical name Panthera tigris virgata) was once the western-most of all wild tiger subspecies. Its home range
included Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and portions of Russia. These are the tigers that lent their imagery to the many tiger-laden artistic representations of the mighty Ottoman and Persian Empires. These tigers were adapted to inhabit this very
arid region. There have been recent reports of large cat sightings close to the Caspian Sea coast where the border of Iran and Turkmenistan meet. The Tiger Foundation, in collaboration with Boomiran - an Iranian nature conservation NGO - is currently conducting a on-site investigation of these reports and, preparing
an extensive report on the Caspian tiger's likely extinction.
Javan tiger: Panthera sandaica
The Javan tiger ranged on the Indonesian island of Java. The last documented sighting was in 1972. No individual animals exist in the wild or in captivity. It is presumed to be extinct as there have been no official sightings in 50 years. There are photographs and pelts in existence.
Similar to the Sumatran and Bali subspecies of tiger, the Javan tiger, Panthera tigris sondaica, was uniquely isolated in both geographic and political terms to a single water-locked island. John Seidensticker and his Indonesian colleague Ir. Suyono conducted the first comprehensive field research on the island of Java in the mid-1970's. At that time, few tigers could be found on the island, and trends in the decline indicated the likely extinction of the subspecies within a decade-due completely to the corruption of their
habitat by the
population crush of humans. (Java, with an area of 132,000 kilometers and a population in excess of 130 million people, is the most densely populated island on Earth). There are still leopards on
Java
and the big cats signs of pug marks and tree scratches have been attributed to these animals by The Tiger Foundation.
In genetic terms, the Javan tiger could have supplied an opportunity for research as valuable as that of the Bali and Sumatran subspecies, had any of its progeny survived. The classifications used to categorize tigers by subspecies were implemented long before the details of genotyping were refined to the degree they have been today.
Furthermore, the burgeoning
field of genetic analysis had not achieved the techniques necessary to take full advantage of the animal's uniqueness before its demise. The relational proximity between the Sumatran, Javan and Bali
tigers might have
provided unique insights into the effectiveness of our subspecies identification techniques; techniques essential in the application of conservation strategies.
Balinese tiger: Panthera balica
The Balinese tiger once lived on the island of Bali, where the last tiger was believed to have been killed in 1937. Research shows that there are no known photos of a live Balinese
tiger. Since
Bali is such a small island, this population was probably the first to be held in captivity. Sadly, the only known item remaining of this animal is one 1925 photograph of a dead animal hanging from a
pole!
Like its neighbors on the islands of Java and Sumatra, the Balinese tiger (technical name Panthera tigris balica) benefited, to a degree, by virtue of its geographic isolation. These tigers were
only found in the wild on the tiny Indonesian island of Bali. As with many species that adapt to islands, these tigers were reported to
have been smaller,
darker, and have a greater density of thinner stripes than their cousins.
CONCERNS FOR SURVIVAL
In the wild
The status of the big cats in the wild is dire! A century ago there were estimated to be 100,000 tigers in the wild and now there are probably fewer that 5-6,000 remaining.
As a result, tigers are listed as an Endangered Species by the US. Fish and Wildlife Service of the Interior Department and the IUCN Red Date Book. It is an Appendix I species under CITES.
There is continued pressure due to population expansion into the tiger’s habitat as well as the loss of larger prey species. There is continued poaching for tiger skins for a variety of
reasons as well as tiger parts such as teeth, bone and other body parts that are used in Oriental medicines. It is a very sad commentary that these magnificent animals are exploited for medicines and
aphrodisiacs.
Other factors that threaten tigers are introduced diseases from domestic animals. There is a current fear about the effects of highly pathogenic avian flu viruses
on both wild
and captive tiger populations since these viruses have been shown to infect cats.
In captivity—zoos, circuses, private collections
As the reader is probably aware, there are many animals that are held in captive situations. Many US zoos are involved in the North American Tiger Species Survival Plan (SSP). The plan is for the management of three subspecies—the Amur, Sumatran, and Indochinese tigers. The South China and the Bengal tigers are not managed by the SSP. Tigers in Europe are managed by the European Survival Plan (EEP) and in India by the Indian Zoo Association.
The US conservation program is trying to maximize genetic diversity. There are have been successful assisted reproduction techniques (in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination) used
to produce viable
cubs. These techniques will be used for both captive and wild species.
The Tiger Global Conservation Strategy (Tiger GCS) is integrating all regional programs on a global level. Projects supported on a global level. Projects supported at this level include
several in Indochina
and Indonesia--developing studbooks, establishing masterplans, training zoo staff in veterinary medicine, reproduction, husbandry, and data management.
The American Zoo Association (AZA) issued an opinion to accredited member zoos stating that handling big cats in public areas is not appropriate. The organization feels that such activities
are of little
educational value, and can encourage private ownership. These are wild animals and should be shown as such.
Conservation efforts
Conservation efforts for wild tigers under the Tiger SSP include field studies to determine population numbers, understand their natural history, identify conservation needs, and define human/animal conflicts. Education efforts to stop
poaching and the improvement of parks and reserves are also focus efforts.
Other groups taking a active role in trying to protect the wild tigers are the Hornocker Wildlife Institute-Wildlife Conservation Society (HWI-WCS) and the Tigris Society. These groups are working on population studies, better
protection
via laws and law enforcement projects for the Amur tigers.
IN SUMMARY
Tigers are such beautiful and magnificent animals that the real possibility of having any individuals and subspecies sink into extinction is indeed a tragedy!! What a terrible loss for us all if that happens.
It is hoped that what man has the ability to destroy, he can also work hard to ensure its survival. Since education is always such an important part of conservation strategies, it is hoped that
this information resource will in some small part help save some of these magnificent animals! We must all do our part to help.
Resource materials used in the introduction:
Bernhard Grizmeks; Schlager, Neil; Olendorf, Donna; McDade, Melissa C. American Zoo and Aquarium Association. Grizmeks Animal Life Encyclopedia 2nd Edition. Gale Publishers. Detroit, Michigan. 2003. 14:369-381. Note: Volume 14 on mammals was edited by M. Hutchins, D.G. Kleiman, V. Geist, and M.C. McDade and published in 2004. The volumes
contain color illustrations and maps.
http://www.felidtag.org/pages/educational/factsheets/tiger.htm
http://www.felidtag.org/pages/Reports/Protocol/zoo_standards_for_keeping_large_.htm
http://www.worldwildlife.org/tigers/
http://www.savethetigerfund.org/Content/NavigationMenu2/Community/TigerSubspecies/AmurSiberianTigers/default.htm
Other Web resources to explore:
For resources in addition to those above, an internet search with the terms “tigers and conservation” will find many additional sites.
http://www.lairweb.org.nz/tiger/ The site has many photos and covers a variety of topics such as: coloration, myths and facts, habits, subspecies, characteristics, behaviors, etc.
http://www.savethetigerfund.org This site covers a variety of topics including a bibliography that contains articles
from newspapers, magazines and journals.
http://www.worldwildlife.org/tigers/ This site from the World Wild Life Fund contains information on the endangered status of tigers. It has an interesting series of photos taken by a camera trap in Indonesia.
http://www.sandiegozoo.org/animalbytes/t-tiger.html The San Diego Zoo is one of the few zoos that have the Indochinese subspecies of tigers. The site contains
photos and a short description of the subspecies of tigers. Also included is information on the endangered status of these animals in the wild, discussions of efforts to save them, video footage, and recordings of their vocalizations.
http://www.siberian-tigers.com/siberian-tigers-links.htm The site contains a short description of the animal and many links to organizations that support conservation.
http://www.iranzoo.net/tiger/tiger.html This Iranian site has information about the Caspian tiger subspecies and where it lived in that area. Also included is a rare photo of a dead tiger of
this subspecies.
http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/caspiantiger.htm The information on this site gives a short history of the planned elimination of the Caspian tigers in the Russian
area as a land reclamation
project. There is additional information on the possible sighting of this animal in Turkey in the later 1970’s.
About this Document
There have been a number of decisions made regarding the topics that are included in this publication. In most cases, the topics are related to the whole animal: biology, behavior, nutrition, feeds, reproductive physiology and the
birth process,
breeding and genetics, diseases, disease organisms, external and internal parasites, hand rearing, veterinary care, etc. Since there is a very concerted effort to house, breed and raise these animals in a variety of captive situations, you will find numerous papers on that topic. Although the
papers selected are mostly related to the biology and husbandry/care of the tiger, there are also papers on the economics and sociological aspects related to tiger conservation efforts and natural reserves and the role of tigers in the lives of the local
people.
The information in this document was extracted primarily from a variety of resources and is quite comprehensive. The published sources of most of the information include: journal articles, books, book chapters, conference papers, and reports. Abstracts are included when available. Some credible World Wide Web resources are also listed. All references for materials in the National Agricultural Library (NAL) collection include the NAL call number for ease when requesting photocopies or
interlibrary loans. Please see http://www.nal.usda.gov/services/request.shtml for lending and document delivery information and costs.
The document is broken into topical sections, arranged by publication year and alphabetically by author within each year. There is no index. It is expected that by searching with key words, the user will find what is of interest. Although much of the information is in English there is a significant amount of
this material in
Chinese, Russian and other languages. References include materials published from 1993-2005.
The compiler welcomes additional information from other sources for inclusion as well as any comments or suggestions. Since it is desirable to have a comprehensive resource of information on these animals, collaborators are also
welcome. If you have or know of science based information that would enhance this publication, please contact the compiler. Note that any information submitted must include important elements of identification and access i.e. author, year, publication information, title, accessibility, etc.
Please send your comments, information, or suggestions to:
The Animal Welfare Information Center
10301 Baltimore Ave.
Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, USA
Contact us: http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/contact.php
Tel: 301-504-6212
Fax: 301-504-7125
Bibliography
Prehistoric, Progenitors
2004
Anton, Mauricio; Salesa,
Manuel J.; Pastor, Juan Francisco; Sanchez,
Israel M.;
Fraile, Susana; Morales, Jorge. Implications of the mastoid anatomy of
larger extant felids for the evolution and predatory behaviour of sabretoothed
cats (Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae).
Zoological Journal of the Linnean
Society. 2004 February; 140(2): 207-221. ISSN:
0024-4082.
NAL call
no.: 410.9 L64
Descriptors: Machairodontinae, evolution of fossil taxa,
mastoid anatomy, predatory behavior, feeding behaviour, implications of extant
taxa regarding the saber-toothed cats, Panthera
leo, Panthera tigris, Puma concolor, skeletal musculature,
large interoventrally projected mastoid process in pantherines, skull
structure, functional morphology, saber-tooth mastoid morphology implies larger
and longer-fibered atlanto-mastoid muscles, saber-tooth musculature related to
head flexing motion.
Luo, Shu Jin; Kim, Jae
Heup; Johnson, Warren E.; van der Walt, Joelle; Martenson, Janice; Yuhki,
Naoya; Miquelle, Dale G.; Uphyrkina, Olga; Goodrich, John M.; Quigley, Howard
B.; Tilson, Ronald; Brady, Gerald; Martelli, Paolo; Subramaniam, Vellayan;
McDougal, Charles; Hean, Sun; Huang, Shi Qiang; Pan, Wenshi; Karanth, K. Ullas;
Sunquist, Melvin; Smith, James L. D.; O'Brien, Stephen J. Phylogeography
and genetic ancestry of tigers (Panthera
tigris). PLoS Biology. 2004; 2(12): 2275-2293.
eISSN: 1545-7885; ISSN: 1544-9173.
URL: http://www.plosbiology.org
NAL call
no.: QH301.P56
Descriptors: various tiger subspecies, Panthera tigris, Panthera
tigris tigris, Panthera tigris
altaica, Panthera tigris amoyensis, Panthera tigris corbetti, Panthera tigris jacksoni, Panthera tigris sumatrae, species
evolutionary history, methods to identify subspecies, vouchers specimens used,
blood, skin, hair, skin biopsies, 134 individuals, 3 molecular markers, (1) 4.0
kb of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence, (2) allele variation in the nuclear
major histocompatibility complex class II DRB gene, and (3) composite nuclear microsatellite
genotypes based on 30 loci, sub-species differences found, common
ancestor.
2003
Wilkinson, David M.; O'Regan,
Hannah J. Modelling differential
extinctions to understand big cat distribution on Indonesian islands. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2003 November; 12(6): 519-524. ISSN:
1466-822X.
NAL call
no.: QH84.G56
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, differential extinction rates,
island populations, mathematical models, VORTEX population model, data on
populations from literature, tigers less prone to losses than leopards,
biogeography, animals lost after end of last glaciation period, Java, Sumatra,
Bali, Indonesia.
2001
Groiss, Josef Th. Der
Hoehlentiger in der Franken Alb. [The
cave tiger in the Franconian Alb.] Geologische Blaetter fuer Nordost Bayern und
angrenzende Gebiete. 2001 Jun;
51(1-2): 107-118. ISSN: 0016-7797.
Note: In German.
Descriptors: tigers, prehistoric species, fossils, Europe.
1999
Kitchener, Andrew
C. The
fossil tigers. In:
John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter Jackson (Editors). Riding
the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in
Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press. Cambridge, New York & Melbourne. 1999: 341-342. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, fossil records, Cenozoic era, Paleartic region, Asia,
Orient.
Return to Contents
Biogeography
2003
Wilkinson, David M.;
O'Regan, Hannah J. Modelling
differential extinctions to understand big cat distribution on Indonesian
islands. Global Ecology and
Biogeography. 2003 Nov.; 12(6): 519-524. ISSN: 1466-822X.
NAL call
no.: QH84.G56
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, differential extinction rates,
island populations, mathemetical models, VORTEX population model, data on
populations from literature, tigers less prone to losses than leopards,
biogeography, animals lost after end of last glaciation period, Java, Sumatra,
Bali, Indonesia.
2002
Anonymous. Is the South China
tiger extinct in the wild? Cat
News. 2002 Autumn; 37: 9-10. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris amoyensis, evidence for probable extinction in wild, China.
2000
Kirilyuk, Vadim;
Puzansky, Valery N. The Amur tiger
makes a surprise reappearance. Russian Conservation News. 2000 Summer; 23: 22-23. ISSN: 1026-6380.
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
sightings, endangered species, possible appearance in previous habitat, Chita Oblast,
Russia.
Kitchener, Andrew C.;
Dugmore, Andrew J. Biogeographical
change in the tiger, Panthera tigris.
Animal Conservation. 2000
May; 3(2): 113-124. ISSN: 1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, endangered
status, conservation measures, strategy development, implications of subspeciation
extent, number of subspecies, speciation, population genetics, historical
zoogeographical change data, historical changes, conservation issues, Asia.
1999
Kitchener, Andrew
C. Tiger
distribution, phenotypic variation and conservation issues. In: Seidensticker, John; Christie, Sarah;
Jackson, Peter (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in
Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, New York & Melbourne. 1999: 19-39. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, phenotypic characteristics, size, body and skull measurements,
color, markings, wild animals, individual variations, population distribution,
phenotypic variation, conservation concerns, strategies based on variations,
Palearctic regions.
Meijaard, Erik. The Bornean tiger; speculation on its
existence. Cat News. 1999 Spring; 30: 12-15. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, possible
native species in Borneo, introduction at some point, discussion of reports,
validity of sightings, Borneo.
Rabinowitz, Alan. The status of the Indochinese tiger:
separating fact from fiction. In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger:
Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press. Cambridge, New York & Melbourne. 1999: 148-165. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris corbetti,
endangered status, population levels, population declines, conservation,
conservation measures, recommendations, habitat management, status,
human/animal conflicts, habitat management, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia,
Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Indochina.
Wentzel, Joelle;
Stephens, J. Claiborne; Johnson, Warren; Menotti Raymond, Marilyn; Pecon Slattery,
Jill; Yuhki, Naoya; Carrington, Mary; Quigley, Howard B.; Miquelle, Dale G.;
Tilson, Ronald; Manansang, Jansen; Brady, Gerald; Zhi, Lu; Wenshi, Pan; Shi
Qiang, Huang; Johnston, Leslie; Sunquist, Mel; Karanth, K. Ullas; O'Brien,
Stephen J. Subspecies of tigers:
molecular assessment using 'voucher specimens' of geographically traceable
individuals. In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger:
Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press. Cambridge, New York & Melbourne. 1999: 40-49.
ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris ssp., subspecies identification,
implication of allozyme variations, molecular genetics, mitochondrial DNA,
subspecies differences, biochemical differences, voucher specimens of known
geographical origin, gene flow, oriental regions.
1998
Ganguli-Lachungpa,
Usha. On the occurrence of the tiger Panthera
tigris in Sikkim. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 1998 April; 95(1): 109-110. ISSN: 0006-6982.
NAL call
no.: 513 B63
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, historical records, occurrences, Sikkim.
Koshkarev, Evgeny. New
evidence of tiger in Transbaikalia. Cat News. 1998 Autumn; 29: 11-12. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, tiger populations, re-established populations, recent records, Transbaikalia, Russia.
Matyushkin, E.N. Amurskii
Tigr v Rossii. Bibliograficheskii Spravochnik 1925-1997. [The
Amur Tiger in Russia.
An Annotated Bibliography 1925-1997.] WWF Russia;
Moscow. 1998. 416
pp. ISBN: 5900230155.
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
various topics, conservation, annotated bibliography, Russia.
1997
Buzas, B.; Farkas,
B. An
additional skull of the Bali tiger, Panthera
tigris balica (Schwarz) in the Hungarian
Natural History
Museum. Miscellanea
Zoologica Hungarica. 1997; 11: 101-105.
ISSN: 0230-9017.
NAL call
no.: QL1.M572
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris balica, skull, new museum specimen, morphology, zoology, size
measurements, Hungarian Natural History Museum collection and exhibitions, new
locality record, Gondol, Bali, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia.
1995
Ghosh, A.K.; Zoological
Survey of India. Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh.
Fauna of Conservation Areas; 6. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 1995. 107
pp., chiefly col. ill., maps.
NAL call
no.: QL309.F375 1995
Descriptors: zoological survey, Panthera tigris, Indravati Tiger Reserve, wildlife reserves, habitat
survey, Indravati Tiger Reserve, India.
Ghosh, A.K.; Ghosh, R.K.;
Zoological Survey of India. Fauna of Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya
Pradesh. Fauna of Conservation
Areas; 7. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 1995. 117
pp., [3] p. of plates: col. ill., maps.
NAL call
no.: QL309.F376 1995
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, animal survey, zoology,
Kanha Tiger Reserve India.
Ghosh, A.K.; Zoological
Survey of India.
Fauna of tiger reserve: Sunderbans, Manas, Palamau, Simlipal. Fauna of Conservation Areas; 8.
Zoological Survey of India,
Calcutta. 1995. 127
pp., 1 map.
NAL call
no.: QL309.F384 1995
Descriptors: zoological survey fauna, wildlife refuges, Panthera tigris, habitat survey, tiger
reserve, India.
Return to Contents
Natural History, Habits, Behaviors, and Reproduction
in the Wild
2005
Ashwani, Kumar; Luna,
R.K. Retrospective study on reproductive patterns of large wild cats in
captivity. Zoos' Print Journal. 2005;
20(1): 1749-1750. ISSN: 0971-6378.
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, Panthera leo, lions, Panthera pardus,
leopards, reproductive patterns, breeding programs, endangered species,
fecundity, litter size, reproduction rates, wild animals, conservation, zoo
animals, zoological gardens, India.
2004
Huang, Xiang Yun; Hu, De
Fu; Tang, Xiao Ping; Wang, Zhi Chen; Liu, Wei Shi. [Field
survey of south China
tigers and their habitat evaluation in Hupingshan National Reserve.] Journal
of Zhejiang Forestry College. 2004; 21(2): 180-184. ISSN:
1000-5692. Note: In Chinese with an English summary.
Descriptors:
Panthera
tigris, tiger survey, transect
sampling, trail monitoring, infrared automatic photo taking, no exact evidence
of South China tiger found, nature reserves, possible re-introduction of
species, Hupingshan National Reserve, China.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Nichols, James D.; Kumar, N. Samba; Link, William A.; Hines, James E. Tigers
and their prey: predicting carnivore densities from prey abundance. Proceedings of the National Academy
of Sciences of the United
States of America. 2004 April 6; 101(14): 4854-4858. ISSN:
0027-8424.
NAL call
no.: 500 N21P
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, prey species
requirements, distribution, population levels, densities, mechanistic model,
landscape-scale field study, 11 ecologically diverse sites, functional
relationship between large predators and prey, macro-ecological science, India.
Pradhan, M.S.;
Ramakrishna. Mammal species profile of Melghat Tiger Reserve, Amravati District, Maharashtra State.
Tigerpaper (Bangkok). 2004 January-March; 31(1): 7-10. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: mammals, species profiles, annotated faunal
list, Melghat Tiger Reserve, India.
Reddy, Harsha S.;
Srinivasulu, C.; Rao, K. Thulsi. Prey selection by the Indian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in
Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve,
India. Mammalian
Biology: Zeitschrift für
Säugetierkunde. 2004; 69(6):
384-391. ISSN: 1616-5047.
NAL call
no.: QL700.Z4
Descriptors:
Panthera
tigris tigris, tiger’s prey
selection behaviors, tropical dry deciduous forest, herbivore depleted habitats
with high livestock pressures, prey distribution, herbivore sightings survey,
scats survey, prey kills survey, chital, Axis
axis, wild boar, Sus scrofa, sambar, Rusa unicolor, preferentially
kill smaller prey and avoid livestock.
2003
Bagchi, S.; Goyal, S.P.;
Sankar, K. Prey abundance and prey
selection by tigers (Panthera tigris) in a semi-arid, dry deciduous
forest in western India. Journal of Zoology. 2003; 260(3): 285-290. ISSN:
0952-8369.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, food habits, prey abundance, semi-arid deciduous forest, line
transects, analysis of scats, chital, Axis axis, langur, Presbytis entellus, sambar, Cervus
unicolor, nilgai, Boselaphus
tragocamelus, wild pig, Sus scrofa, chinkara, Gazella bennetti,
domestic livestock, population densities, wildlife conservation, Ranthambhore
National Park, western India.
Coggins, Chris. The
Tiger and the Pangolin: Nature, Culture, and Conservation in China. University of Hawaii
Press; Honolulu. 2003.
339 pp., [8] p. of plates: ill. (some col.), map. ISBN: 0824825063.
NAL call
no.: QH77.C6C64 2003
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, pangolins, historical review, nature conservation, endangered
wildlife conservation, ecology, China.
Huang, Xiangyun; Hu,
Defus; Liu, Weishi; Muntifering, Jeff. [Field survey on South China Tigers and
their habitat evaluation in Yihuang Provincial Reserve in Jiangxi Province.] Journal
of Beijing Forestry University. 2003 July; 25(4): 54-58. ISSN:
1000-1522. Note: In Chinese with a Chinese and English summary.
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris amoyensis, field population survey, wild tiger conservation
measures, habitat evaluation, Yihuang
Provincial Reserve Jiangxi Province, China.
Srinivasulu, I.F.S. Dynamics of tiger sighting in Nagarahole
National Park. Myforest. 2003; 39(1): 1-5.
Descriptors: tigers, survey of sightings, various impacts,
seasonal changes, thickness of undergrowth, tourist pressure, Nagarahole National Park, India.
Srivastava, S.S.; Singh,
L.A.K. Status of wild dog (Cuon
alpinus) in Similipal and possible impacts of 'village dogs'. Zoos' Print. 2003; 18(10): 18-21. ISSN:
0971-6378.
Descriptors: dholes, domestic dogs, impact on ecology,
domestic dogs effects on wild herbivores and tigers, Panthera tigris, effects
on biodiversity conservation, interspecific competition, stray animals,
wildlife parks, Similipal Tiger Reserve, India.
2002
Biswas, S.; Sankar,
K. Prey abundance and food habit of
tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Pench
National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India. Journal of Zoology (London). 2002 March; 256(3): 411-420. ISSN:
0952-8369.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, chital, Axis axis, Sambar, Cervus unicolor, langur, Presbytis
entellus, pig, Sus
scrofa, domestic
livestock, prey food preferences, prey species availability, density and
biomass, dry deciduous forest, scat analysis and line transect technique,
conservation implications, long term tiger reserve possibilities for Pench
National Park, Central India.
Coggins, Chris. The
Tiger and the Pangolin: Nature, Culture, and Conservation in China. University
of Hawaii Press; Honolulu.
2002. 339 pp. ISBN:
0824825063.
NAL call
no.: QH77.C6C64 2003
Descriptors: tiger, Panthera
tigris, pangolin, species natural
history, relationships with humans, conservation, comprehensive zoology,
conservation, historical information, China.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Chundawat, Raghunandan S. Ecology of
the tiger: implications for population monitoring. In:
K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 9-21.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, natural
history, ecology, population monitoring, overview.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Kumar, N. Samba. Field surveys:
assessing relative abundance of tigers and prey. In:
K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 71-85.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian predators, field survey
methods for predator and mammalian prey relative abundances assessment.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Kumar, N. Samba; Chundawat, Raghunandan.
Field surveys: assessing spatial distributions of tigers and
prey. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 39-50.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian predators, prey and
predator spatial distribution assessments, field survey protocols.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Nichols, James D.; Sen, P.K.; Rishi, Vinod.
Monitoring tigers and prey: conservation needs and managerial
constraints. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 1-8.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian
predators, predator/prey monitoring, conservation needs and managerial
constraints.
Kumar, M. Ananda; Singh,
Mewa; Srivastava, Sanjay K.; Udhayan, A.; Kumara, H.N.; Sharma, A.K. Distribution patterns, relative abundance
and management of mammals in Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 2002 August; 99(2): 184-210. ISSN:
0006-6982.
NAL call
no.: 513 B63
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, elephants, guar, sambar,
muntjac, pigs, chital, leopards, palm civets, giant squirrels, macaques,
languor, preferred habitats, habitat relationships, different vegetation types,
direct sightings, signs, tracks, seasonal effects, conservation implications,
Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India.
Liu, Zhen Sheng; Li, Feng;
Teng, Li Wei; Zhou, Xiao Yu. [Time
budget of semifree-ranging Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica).] Zoological Research. 2002 October; 23(5): 389-393. ISSN:
0254-5853. Note: In Chinese with a Chinese and English
summary.
NAL call
no.: QL1.T58
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
semi-free animals, activity patterns, time budget, behavior observations,
behavior patterns, observations, Amur
Tiger Park, Heilongjiang, China.
Rahul R.; Goel, Shantanu S.; Ranade, Sachin
P.; Jog, Maithili M.; Watve, Milind G. Patterns
in abundance and diversity of faecally dispersed parasites of tiger in Tadoba National Park,
central India. BMC Ecology. 2002 May 8; 2(6 Cited June 18, 2002). ISSN: 1472-6785.
URL: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/2/6
NAL call
no.: QH540.B63
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, internal parasites, Digenea,
Cestoda, Nematoda, parasite life cycle, mammalian hosts, fecally dispersed
parasite, abundance and diversity patterns, community structure, Maharashtra,
Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, India.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas Statistical
concepts: assessing spatial distributions.
In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 29-38.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
population density measurements, comprehensive zoology, mathematical
techniques, statistics, relative abundance indices.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas. Statistical
concepts: estimating absolute densities of tigers using capture-recapture
sampling. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols
(Editors). Monitoring Tigers and
their Prey: A Manual for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical
Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 121-137. ISBN:
8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
capture/recapture sampling methods, population density measurement, absolute
densities estimation, statistical concepts, mathematical statistical
techniques.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas. Statistical
concepts: indices of relative abundance. In: K.
Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors).
Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual for Researchers, Managers and
Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 61-69.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
population density measurements, comprehensive zoology, mathematical
techniques, statistics, relative abundance indices.
Sankar, K.; Johnsingh,
A.J.T. Food habits of tiger (Panthera
tigris) and leopard (Pantherapardus) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India,
as shown by scat analysis. Mammalia. 2002; 66(2): 285-289. ISSN:
0025-1461.
NAL call
no.: 410 M32
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, feeding
behavior, prey preferences, wild animals, Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India.
Stith, Bradley M.;
Kumar, N. Samba. Spatial
distributions of tigers and prey: mapping and the use of GIS. In:
K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center
for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka.
2002: 51-59. ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian predators,
prey/predator spatial distribution, mapping using GIS, ecological mapping.
Talukdar, Bibhab
Kumar. Tiger predation of rhino
calves at Kaziranga National Park,
Assam. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002 October-December; 29(4): 18-20. ISSN:
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, Rhinoceros
unicornis, young
animals, mammalian tiger prey, incidence levels, Kazianga
National Park, Assam,
India.
Thapar, Valmik. The
Cult of the Tiger. Oxford University
Press; New Delhi & New York.
2002. 119 pp., [16] p. of plates:
col. ill. ISBN: 0195660366.
NAL call
no.: QL795.T5T43 2002
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, natural history, habitats, range, human/tiger interactions,
conservation, endangered species, India.
Thomas, Len; Karanth, K.
Ullas. Statistical concepts:
estimating absolute densities of prey species using line transect sampling. In: K.
Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors).
Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual for Researchers, Managers
and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 87-109.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, prey species densities, density
estimation, line transect sampling statistical concepts.
Ward, Geoffrey, et.
al. Tiger and Tigerwallahs. Oxford University Press; New Delhi, New York: c2002. 1 v. (various pagings): ill. (some
col.), maps (some col.). ISBN:
0195659848.
NAL call
no.: SK555.T54 2002
Descriptors: tigers, man-eating tigers, natural history,
tiger hunting, behavior, India.
2001
Azad, M.R.H.; Tabassum,
J. A faunal survey of Rajapara,
Kamrup district, Assam. Environment and Ecology. 2001; 19(2): 327-330. ISSN:
0970-0420.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, Cuon
alpinus, Hylobates hoolock, elephants, pigs, deforestation
and forest fires effects, monoculture, forest fragmentation, habitat
destruction, forest reserves, surveys of wild animal species and populations.
Carbone, C.; Christie,
S.; Conforti, K.; Coulson, T.; Franklin, N.; Ginsberg, J.R.; Griffiths, M.;
Holden, J.; Kawanishi, K.; Kinnaird, M.; Laidlaw, R.; Lynam, A.; Macdonald,
D.W.; Martyr, D.; McDougal, C.; Nath, L.; O'Brien, T.; Seidensticker, J.;
Smith, D.J.L.; Sunquist, M.; Tilson, R.; Wan Shahruddin, W.N. The use of photographic rates to estimate
densities of tigers and other cryptic mammals. Animal Conservation. 2001 February; 4(1): 75-79. ISSN:
1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, scare and seldom seen
mammals, photography-based population surveys, population density measurement,
methods, Oriental region.
Daniel, J.C. The Tiger in India: A Natural History. Natraj Publishers; Dehra Dun.
2001: i-xii, 300 pp. ISBN: 8185019894.
Descriptors: systematics, new taxa documentation, new
subspecies, Panthera tigris styani,
China, Panthera tigri tigris, ecology, biology and distribution,
India, Panthera tigris sumatrana (Blainville) replaced by Panthera tigris sumatrae, taxonomy.
Deng, Xue Jian; Wang,
Bin. [The trace of South China tiger
discovered in Hunan
Taoyuan.] Acta Zoologica
Sinica. 2001 February; 47(1):
118-119. ISSN: 0001-7302.
Note: In Chinese.
NAL call
no.: 410 AC87
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris amoyensis,
indicators of tigers present, tracks, footprints, historical records,
measurements, Taoyuan, Hunan
Province, China.
Pasha, M.K.S.; Qureshi,
Qamar; Sankar, K.; Areendran, G. Predation
by tiger Panthera tigris Linn. on gaur Bos gaurus H. Smith in
Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. Journal of the Bombay Natural History
Society. 2001 December; 98(3):
432-433. ISSN: 0006-6982.
NAL call
no.: 513 B63
Descriptors: gaur, Bos gaurus, tigers, Panthera
tigris, predators and prey relationships, predator hunting techniques, gaur
as prey, predation records, Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Reza, A.H.M.A.; Feeroz,
M.M.; Islam, M.A. Food habits of the Bengal tiger (Panthera
tigris tigris) in the Sundarbans. Bangladesh
Journal of Zoology. 2001 December;
29(2): 173-179. ISSN: 0304-9027.
Descriptors: Bengal tiger, Panthera tigris tigris, food habits, feces sampling, prey
species, spotted deer, Cervus axis, wild boar, Sus scrofa, rhesus
macaque, Macaca mulatta, Sundarbans, Bangladesh.
Tiwari, Satyendra;
Hassall, Kay. Tiger mating in
Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve. Zoos'
Print. 2001 August; 16(8):
12-14. ISSN: 0971-6378.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, age of sexual
maturation, mating behavior, observation records, Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India.
2000
Chaudhary, S.S.
Ranthambhore Beyond Tigers. Himanshu Publications; Udaipur.
Distributed by Arya's Book Centre, 2000.
334 pp.: col. ill., map ISBN:
8186231935.
NAL call
no.: SB484.I52C48 2000
Descriptors: natural history of national park, animals and
plants, Ranthambhor National Park,
India.
Das, S.C. Biodiversity in Buxa Tiger Reserve, West
Bengal, India:
an overview. Tigerpaper (Bangkok). 2000; 27(1): 29-32. ISSN
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, floral and faunal diversity, tropical
forest tiger reserve, wildlife conservation, Buxa Tiger Reserve.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Sunquist, Melvin E. Behavioural
correlates of predation by tiger (Panthera tigris), leopard (Panthera
pardus) and dhole (Cuon alpinus) in Nagarahole, India. Journal of Zoology (London). 2000 February; 250(2): 255-265. ISSN:
0952-8369.
NAL call
no.: 410.9 L84P
Descriptors: dhole, Cuon alpinus, leopard, Panthera
pardus, tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian prey species, species
comparison, prey composition, predatory foraging behaviors, interactions
between predators, Nagarahole National Park, Karnataka, India.
Matthiessen, Peter. Tigers in the Snow. 1st ed. North Point Press; New York
2000. 185 pp. ill. (some col.), col.
map. ISBN: 0865475768.
NAL call
no.: QL737.C23M28 2000
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris,
endangered species, wildlife conservation, habitat loss, Russia Federation,
Russian Far East.
Norsham, Y.; Bernard,
H.; Chew, K.L.; Yap, M.N.; Yong, H.S.; Lim,
B.L. A survey of mammals in the
northern part of Belum Forest Reserve, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal. 2000; 54(3): 233-244. ISSN:
0025-1291.
NAL call
no.: 409.6 M29
Descriptors: mammal survey, 6
locations, traps, mist nests, animals tracks, marks, dens scats, interviews, 44
species identified in 22 families, endangered or threatened animals, bear,
elephant, tiger, panther, tapir, gaur and serow, conservation, species
diversity, Belum Forest Reserve, Malaysia.
Salkin [Salkina?],
Galina P. In the Russian Far East, fewer ungulates ominous sign for Siberian
tiger. Russian Conservation News. 2000 Summer; 23: 24-25. ISSN:
1026-6380.
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris, endangered
species, populations of tiger prey, prey availability, species diversity, trade
in animals, prey and predator dynamics, poaching effects on species and
population numbers, Primorskii Krai, Lazovsky Zapovednik, Russia.
Sathyakumar,
S. Status of mammals on Mundanthurai
Plateau, South India.
Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2000 April-June; 27(2): 1-6. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Mammalia, population levels,
abundance, forests, woodlands, annotated records, Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger
Reserve, Mundanthurai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India.
Subba Rao, Madireddi V. Conserving
biodiversity in the species-rich forests of Andhra Pradesh in Eastern Ghats,
India. Selbyana. 2000 December; 21(1-2): 52-59. ISSN:
0361-185X.
NAL call
no.: QK1.S35
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, other threatened wildlife
species, conservation measures, ecological communities, current status of
faunal groups, Eastern Ghats,
India.
1999
Chundawat, Raghunandan
S.; Gogate, Neel; Johnsingh, A.J.T. Tigers in Panna: preliminary results from
an Indian tropical dry forest. In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne. 1999: 123-129. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, prey availability, food habits, behaviors, activity patterns within
home range, distribution in habitat, tropical dry forest, Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Franklin, Neil; Bastoni;
Sriyanto; Siswomartono, Dwiatmo; Manansang, Jansen; Tilson, Ronald. Last of
the Indonesian tigers: a cause for optimism.
In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Pater
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 130-147. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: Sumatran tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae, conservation measures, population levels,
population density and distribution, Sumatran Tiger Project, status in lowland
rainforest, Way Kambas National Park, Sumatra.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Stith, Bradley M. Prey depletion as a critical determinant of tiger population
viability. In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 100-113. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, predator/prey populations, human caused depletion of prey,
implications for conservation of mammalian predators, implication for survival,
Asia.
Ramakrishnan, Uma; Coss,
Richard G.; Pelkey, Neil W. Tiger
decline caused by the reduction of large ungulate prey: evidence from a study
of leopard diets in southern India. Biological
Conservation. 1999 July; 89(2):
113-120 ISSN: 0006-3207.
NAL call
no.: S900.B5
Descriptors:
leopards, Panthera pardus,
tigers, Panthera tigris,
mammalian prey population availability, impacts on tiger and leopard
populations, conservation implications, leopard diet study, India.
Sunquist, Mel; Karanth,
K. Ullas; Sunquist, Fiona. Ecology,
behaviour and resilience of the tiger and its conservation needs. In:
John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in
Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge University
Press; Cambridge, New York
& Melbourne. 1999: 5-18. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, conservation
measures, mammalian prey food needs, reproductive potential, reproductive
productivity, resiliency profiles implications, evolutionary history, habitat
distributions, emigration history, dispersal capabilities, feeding behavior,
predatory capabilities, Asia.
1998
Matyushkin,
E.N. Amurskii Tigr v Rossii. Bibliograficheskii Spravochnik
1925-1997. [The
Amur Tiger
in Russia.
An Annotated Bibliography 1925-1997.] WWF Russia;
Moscow.
1998. 416 pp. ISBN:
5900230155.
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
various topics, conservation, annotated bibliography, Russia.
Matyushkin, E.N. [Amur
tiger: pathway to the Third Milennium [Millennium]: experience of development
of the "Strategy of Conservation of the Amur Tiger in Russia".] Izvestiya
Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk Seriya Biologicheskaya. 1998 Iyul' Avgust; 4:
471-477. ISSN:
1026-3470. Note: Journal normally translated cover to cover
in: Biology Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Original is in Russian with an English and
Russian summary.
NAL call
no.: QH301.A43
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica, impact of human activities, habitat
destruction, population levels, population stability, ecological approaches for
conservation measures, wild population, survey of achievements and
perspectives, Russia.
Panwar, H.S. Project
tiger. In: V.
B. Saharia. Wildlife in India.
Revised and updated edition. Natraj Publishers. Dehra
Dun. 1998:
130-138. ISBN: 8185019738.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, wild animals, endangered animals, overview of conservation
projects, nature reserves, wild life management, India.
1997
Gillson, Lindsey Tigers. Care for the Wild
International, Rusper; West Sussex. 1997. 56 pp.
ISBN: 1872266029.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, biology and life history, endangered status, conservation status
and threats, disturbance by human activities, conservation measures, Orient.
Shukla, Rakesh. The
ecology and status of the Pench Tiger Reserve,
India. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 1997 October-December; 24(4): 5-6. ISSN:
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, flora, fauna, comprehensive zoology, ecological reserves,
description, reserve importance, Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Thapar, Valmik. Land
of the Tiger. A Natural History of the
Indian Subcontinent. BBC Books; London.
1997. 288 pp. ISBN:
056337179X.
Descriptors: Indian fauna, comprehensive zoology, natural
history.
1996
Gangopadhyay, P.B. Special Issue: Wildlife Management. Indian Forester. 1996; 122(10): ii + 865-970. ISSN:
0019-4816. Note: In English with
a Hindi summary. Contains 17 papers on
wildlife management in India.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: numerous species, Panthera, tigris, Panthera pardus,
Panthera leo persica, tigers, leopards, lions, rhinos,
macaques, ungulates, elephants, birds, wildlife, food habits, crop depredation,
human and animal casualities and injuries, captive breeding, sanctuaries,
restoration, India.
Jiang, Que Ming;
Bleisch, W.V.; Jiang, Q.M. Preliminary
assessment of large mammals in the Namcha Barwa region of south-eastern Tibet. Oryx. 1996; 30(1): 37-44.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: large mammal assessment, Panthera tigris, tiger predation on cattle and equines, wild life
survey, forest tree species, elevation changes in forest species, mountains,
China, Tibet.
Miquelle, Dale G.;
Smirnov, Evgeny N.; Quigley, Howard G.; Hornocker, Maurice G.; Nikolaev, Igor
G.; Matyushkin, Evgeny N. Food habits
of Amur tigers in Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik and the Russian Far
East, and implications for conservation. Journal of Wildlife Research. 1996 Spring; 1(2): 138-147. ISSN:
1426-0328.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica, mammalian predators, prey
composition, prey management, long term changes, conservation implications,
conservation concerns, Russia.
Shah, Anup; Shah,
Manoj. A Tiger's Tale: the Indian Tiger's Struggle for Survival in the Wild. Fountain Press; Kingston
upon Thames, England. 1996.
143 pp. ISBN: 086343391X.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris,
endangered species, survival possibilities, conservation efforts, Ranthambhore National Park,
Rajasthan, India.
Srivastava, K.K.;
Bhardwaj, A.K.; Abraham, C.J.; Zacharias, V.J.
Food habits of mammalian
predators in Periyar Tiger Reserve, south India. Special
issue: Wildlife Management. Indian Forester. 1996; 122(10): 877-883. ISSN:
0019-4816. Note: In English with a Hindi summary.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: Panthera pardus, leopards, Panthera
tigris, tigers, wild dogs,
feeding habits, predators/prey relationships, nature reserves, Kerala, India.
Stoen, O.G.; Wegge,
P. Prey
selection and prey removal by tiger (Panthera
tigris) during the dry season in lowland Nepal. Mammalia. 1996; 60(3): 363-373. ISSN:
0025-1461. Note: In English with an English and French summary.
NAL call
no.: 410 M31
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, Boselaphus tragocamelus, Axis axis, Axis porcinus, Cervus
duvauceli, Muntiacus muntiacus, Sus scrofa, prey preferences, effects of
predation on population of prey species, population regulation, Royal Bardia National Park, Nepal.
1995
Khramtsov, V.S. Behavior of a tiger encountering a human. Ekologiya (Moscow).
1995 Mai-Iyun; 3: 252-254.
ISSN: 0367-0597. Note: Serial
normally translated cover to cover in: Russian
Journal of Ecology.
NAL call
no.: QH540.E32
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
tiger behavior, human and animal interactions, Russia.
Kotwal, P.C.; Mishra,
G.P. Claw marking on trees by tiger Panthera
tigris (Linn.) in Kanha
National Park. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 1995; 92(1): 111-112. ISSN:
0006-6982.
NAL call
no.: 513 B63
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, tree marking, claw marks,
types of trees chosen, Boswellia
serrata, Madhuca longifolia, Pterocarpus marsupium, Bombax
malabaricum.
Paulraj, S. Prey-predator relationships with special
reference to the tiger, panther and dhole competition in Kalakad-Mundanthurai
Tiger Reserve (Tirunelveli District - Tamil Nadu). Special
issue: Wildlife Conservation. Indian Forester. 1995, 121(10): 922-930. ISSN:
0019-4816. Note: In English with a Hindi summary.
NAL call no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, wild dogs, dhole, topography,
forest, prey species populations, predator species populations, predator food
requirement, animal competition, tiger reserve, India.
1994
Kotwal, P.C.; Gopal,
Rajesh. Food habits of tigers in Kanha National
Park. Journal of Tropical Forestry. 1994 April-June; 10(2): 139-143. ISSN:
0970-1494.
NAL call
no.: SD247.J678
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris,
mammalian prey, prey availability, food-prey preferences, effects of prey
availability, Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, Mandla, India.
Thomas, Elizabeth
Marshall. The Tribe of Tiger: Cats
and Their Culture. Simon &
Schuster; New York. c1994.
240 pp. ISBN: 0671799657.
NAL call
no.: SF446.5.T48 1994
Descriptors: cats, lions, tigers, behavior, habitats, life
history, anecdotes.
1993
Forest Survey of India. Status of Forest
Cover in Project Tiger Reserves.
Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India; Dehradun. [1993].
12 pp., maps (some col.).
NAL call
no.: QK358.S72 1993
Descriptors: forest plants, tiger habitat, current status
of the habitat, India.
1992
Brahmachary, R.L.;
Sarkar, M.P.; Dutta, J. Chemical signals in the tiger. In:
Richard L. Doty; Dietland Muller-Schwarze (Editors). Signals in Vertebrates 6. Plenum Press; New York & London. 1992: 471-475. ISBN:
0306442507.
NAL call
no.: QP455.C473
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, scent marking, biochemistry of tiger scents, phermones, marking
fluid composition, scent spraying behaviors and strategies, functional
implications.
1991
National Geographic
Society (U.S.). Cats: Caressing the Tiger. National Geographic Society Educational
Video Presentations. The Society, Washington, D.C. 1991. 1 videocassette (60 min.). Note:
"No. 51478"--Cassette label.
NAL call
no.: Videocassette no. 1163
Descriptors: cats, behavior, tigers, lions, big cats,
little cats, wild cats, effects of domestication.
Abstract: A comparison of domestic cats to wild cats is
used to explain the behavior of domestic cats.
Return to Contents
Tigers in Society and Religion
2004
Boomgaard, Peter. 'Primitive' tiger hunters in Indonesia and Malaysia, 1800-1950. In: John
Knight (Editor). Wildlife in Asia: Cultural Perspectives. Nordic Institute of Asian Studies - Man and
Nature in Asia Series No 5. Routledge Curzon; London
& New York. 2004: 185-206. ISBN:
0700713328.
NAL call
no.: QL85.W55 2004
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, human animal
relationship and coexistence, historical perspective, hunting, tiger hunters,
human/animal conflicts, historical relationships, killing and coexistence, Indonesia, Malaysia.
Corbett, Jim. The Oxford India
Illustrated Corbett. Oxford India Collection. c2004.
306 pp. ill. ISBN: 019566874X.
NAL call
no.: SK305.T5C67 2004
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tiger hunting, wildlife
hunting, historical work, 20th century, India.
Nyhus, P.J.; Tilson,
R. Characterizing human-tiger
conflict in Sumatra, Indonesia: implications for
conservation. Oryx. 2004; 38(1): 68-74. ISSN:
0030-6053.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: Panthera tigris sumatrae, Sumatran
tigers, human-tiger conflict, 1978-1997 data, 146 humans killed, 30 humans
injured, 870 livestock killed, multiple use of forests interface, endangered
species, livestock predation, wild predators, wildlife conservation, Sumatra,
Indonesia.
2003
Kang, Sue; Phipps, Marcus. A Question of Attitude: South Korea's Traditional Medicine
Practitioners and Wildlife Conservation.
2003. Note: In collaboration with: Ministry of Health and
Welfare; Republic of Korea Association of Korean Oriental Medicine; Korea
Oriental Drug Association.
Descriptors: traditional Korean medicine, use of products
from endangered wildlife species, tiger, rhinoceros, musk deer, bear, pangolin,
CITES, trade in banned species, mail survey of importance in medicine, decrease
in tiger bone, rhinoceros horn, bear gallbladder, continued use of pangolin
scale and musk, possible use of proven substitutes, regulations, and survey of
marketed products, South
Korea.
Karanth, K.D. Forest
use and human-wildlife conflicts in Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Tropical
Resources: Bulletin of the Yale Tropical Resources Institute. 2003; 22: 48-58.
Descriptors: Acacia
concinna,
Artocarpus lakucha, Elephas maximus, Panthera pardus, leopards, Panthera tigris, humans, pigs, Sapindus
emarginatus, multiple land use, fire wood collection, livestock grazing,
non-timber forest products, fishing, hunting, villages, household losses, crop
damage, human/animal conflicts, livestock as prey, Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary,
nature reserves, India.
Kinnaird, M.F.; Sanderson,
E.W.; O'Brien, T.G.; Wibisono, H.T.; Woolmer, G. Deforestation trends in a tropical landscape
and implications for endangered large mammals.
Conservation Biology.
2003; 17(1): 45-257. ISSN: 0888-8892.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1C5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae,
large mammals, elephants, rhinos, tapirs, endangered species, rampant
deforestation effects on wildlife populations, remote sensing, biological
surveys, predictive model of deforestation, Sumatra, Indonesia.
Linkie, M.; Martyr,
D.J.; Holden, J.; Achmad, Yanuar; Hartana, A.T.; Jito, Sugardjito; Leader,
Williams N. Habitat destruction and
poaching threaten the Sumatran tiger in Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra. Oryx.
2003, 37(1): 41-48. ISSN: 0030-6053.
NAL call no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: Sumatran tiger, Panthera tigris sumatrae, critically endangered animal, numerous
threats, poaching, prey depletion, habitat loss, logging, oil palm production,
pioneer farming, mining operations, forest fires, phototrapping for tiger
distribution, patrol size effects, general law enforcement, mitigation of
human/tiger conflicts, population monitoring, Kerinci Seblat National Park,
west central Sumatra, Indonesia.
Madhusudan, M.D. Living amidst large wildlife: livestock
and crop depredation by large mammals in the interior villages of Bhadra Tiger
Reserve, south India.
Environmental Management.
2003 April; 31(4): 466-475. ISSN: 0364-152X.
NAL call
no.: HC79.E5E5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, elephants, Elephas maximus, humans/wild animals
conflicts, livestock and crops vs conservation, spatio-temporal patterns of
animal damage, compensation claims were too slow, possible livestock and crop
insurance programs, Bhadra Tiger Reserve, India.
Mukherjee, Subrat. Tiger human conflicts in Sundarban Tiger
Reserve, West Bengal, India.
Tigerpaper (Bangkok). 2003 April-June; 30(2): 3-6. ISSN:
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, human/animal
conflicts, nature reserves, Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India.
Sekhar, N.U. Local people's attitudes towards
conservation and wildlife tourism around Sariska Tiger Reserve, India. Journal of Environmental Management. 2003, 69(4): 339-347. ISSN:
0301-4797.
NAL call
no.: HC75.E5J6
Descriptors: conservation, ecotourism, wildlife tourism,
study on local village and attitudes, relationship between wildlife tourism and
local support for conservation, tiger conservation areas, economic impacts,
tourism impacts, issues of local involvement in development of tourism wildlife
conservation, Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR), India.
Thapar, Valmik. Battling
for Survival: India's
Wilderness over Two Centuries.
Oxford University Press; Oxford;
New York. 2003.
444 pp., [16] p. of plates: ill. (some col.). ISBN: 0195662938. Note:
Includes bibliographical references (p. [426]-442) and index.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.I4B38 2003
Descriptors: tigers, wilderness areas, wildlife refuges,
endangered ecosystems, endangered species, loss of species and populations, India.
2002
Badhwa, Anoop. Tiger at the crossroads. Indian Forester. 2002 October; 128(10): 1106-1112. ISSN:
0019-4816. Note: In English with a Hindi summary.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, endangered
species, wild animals, threats by human activities, conservation measures,
population losses, restoration management, human/tiger conflicts, dispersal
corridors, effective implementation of conservation laws, boundary cooperation,
forest fragmentation, habitat loss, hunting, poaching, nature conservation,
India.
Bashaw, Meredith J.;
Maple, Terry L. Signs fail to
increase zoo visitors' ability to see tigers. Curator. 2002 July; 44(3): 297-304. ISSN:
0011-3069.
Descriptors: Panthera tigris, tigers, captive
animal exhibits, signage utility, enabling visitors to see animals, zoos and
wildlife parks.
Gani, Mohammad
Osman. A study on the loss of Bengal
tiger (Panthera tigris) in five years (1996-2000) from Bangladesh Sundarbans. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002 April-June; 29(2): 6-11. ISSN:
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris, wild
animals, human/tiger conflicts, attacks on humans, synanthropy, conservation
measures, destruction of tigers, Sundarbans,
Bangladesh.
Kerley, Linda L.;
Goodrich, John M.; Miquelle, Dale G.; Smirnov, Evgeny N.; Quigley, Howard B.;
Hornocker, Maurice G. Effects of
roads and human disturbance on Amur tigers.
Conservation Biology. 2002
February; 16(1): 97-108. ISSN: 0888-8892.
Note: Spanish summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
effects of habitat disturbances by human activities, road development,
conservation efforts, feeding behavior, adult females and cubs, survival of
young, Primorye Krai, Sikhote Alin State Biosphere, Zapovednik, Russa.
Preece, Rod. Awe for the Tiger, Love for the Lamb: A
Chronicle of Sensibility to Animals. UBC Press; Vancouver. c2002. xvii, 413 pp.
ISBN: 0774808969.
NAL call
no.: HV4708.A93 2002
Descriptors: animal welfare, moral and ethical aspects,
human/animal relationships, animals and civilization, attitudes regarding the
use and caring for animals, animal exploitation
Thapar, Valmik. The
Cult of the Tiger. Oxford University
Press; New Delhi, New York.
2002. 119 pp., [16] p. of plates:
col. ill. ISBN: 0195660366.
NAL call
no.: QL795.T5T43 2002
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, natural history, habitats, range, human/tiger interactions,
conservation, endangered species, India.
Ward, Geoffrey. Tiger and Tigerwallahs. Oxford
University Press; New Delhi, New York. c2002.
1 v. (various pagings): ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). ISBN: 0195659848.
NAL call
no.: SK555.T54 2002
Descriptors: tigers, man-eating tigers, natural history,
tiger hunting, behavior, India.
2001
Ahearn, S.C.; Smith, J.L.D.; Joshi,
A.R.; Ding, J. TIGMOD: an
individual-based spatially explicit model for simulating tiger/human
interaction in multiple use forests. Ecological Modelling. 2001, 140(1-2): 81-97. ISSN:
0304-3800.
NAL call
no.: QH541.15.M3E25
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, multiple use forests, human/tiger conflicts, field work, population
studies, modeling, management, forest use by tiger, forest use by humans,
animal behavior, forest ecology, geographical information systems, predation,
predators, prey, simulation models, Nepal.
Azad, M.R.H.; Tabassum,
J. A faunal survey of Rajapara,
Kamrup district, Assam.
Environment and Ecology. 2001;
19(2): 327-330. ISSN: 0970-0420.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, Cuon
alpinus, Hylobates hoolock, elephants, pigs, deforestation and forest fires effects,
monoculture, forest fragmentation, habitat destruction, forest reserves,
surveys of wild animal species and populations.
Boomgaard, P. Frontiers
of fear: tigers and people in the Malay World, 1600-1950. Yale
Agrarian Studies. Yale University
Press; New Haven. c2001.
306 pp., ill., maps. ISBN:
0300085397.
NAL call
no.: QL737.C23B658 2001
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, human interactions,
historical view, human/animal relationships, Asia.
Tilson, Ronald; Nyhus,
Philip; Frankin, Neil; Sriyanto; Bastoni; Yunus, Mohammad; Sumianto. Tiger
restoration in Asia: ecological theory vs.
sociological reality. In: David S. Maehr; Reed F. Noss; Jeffery L.
Larkin (Editors). Large Mammal
Restoration: Ecological and Sociological Challenges in the 21st century. Island Press; Washington, Covelo &
London. 2001: 277-291. ISBN:
1559638176.
NAL call
no.: QL717.L37 2001
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae,
conservations, endangered species restoration, realities of animals and human
interactions, sociological considerations, reintroduction, relocation programs,
rainforests, Indonesia.
2000
Acharya, T.P. Inbreeding of tiger (Panthera tigris
tigris) in Nepal:
a review. Banko Janakari. 2000, 10(1): 31-35.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris tigris, endangered
species, threatened forest populations, forest fragmentation, habitat
destruction, reduced gene flow, probability of in-breeding, nature-reserves,
population change, reviews, wildlife conservation and management, Nepal.
Bashaw, Meredith;
Bloomsmith, Mollie; Maple, Terry; Marr, Jackson. Changes to the Zoo Atlanta visitor experience: effects of
feeding enrichment and environmental variables on lion and tiger behavior. American Zoo and Aquarium Association
Annual Conference Proceedings, 2000. 2000:
197-200.
NAL call
no.: QL76.5.U6A472
Descriptors: lions, Panthera leo, tigers, Panthera
tigris sumatrae, captive
animals, care, handling, ways of feeding, environmental enrichment, feeding
behavior, visitor experiences, zoos and wildlife parks, Zoo Atlanta, Georgia,
United States.
Nowell, K. Far
from a Cure: the Tiger Trade Revisited.
A TRAFFIC Network Report.
published in Cambridge; UK.
2000. 100 pp. ISBN:
1858501733.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris, sources and methods of report, tiger parts
traded, tiger bone based-medicines, tiger tonics, luxuries, charms, controlling
trade, illegal international trade issues, hunting, legislation, conservation,
Asia.
Zhang, Endi; Schaller,
George B; Li Zhi. Tigers in Tibet. Cat News. 2000 Autumn; 33: 5-6. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris corbetti,
endangered species, wild animals, predation on livestock, livestock losses,
remnant populations, human/animal conflicts, conservation implications, Medog
County, Gedang, Xizang.
1999
Azmi, H.K.; Prabha,
Pandey; Pandey, P. The role of
mammalian drugs in relation to health care among tribals in Jharkhand (Bihar). Part I. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology. 1999, 19(3): 179-187. ISSN:
0256-971X.
Descriptors: medico-ethno-zoological survey, use of
mammals parts for human medicine, human diseases, mammals used include:
barasingha, bat, bison, buffalo, crow pheasant, elephant, goat, jackal, monkey,
porcupine, rat and tiger, Panthera, Bihar, India.
Dinerstein, Eric; Rijal,
Arun; Bookbinder, Marnie; Kattel, Bijaya; Rajuria, Arup. Tigers
as neighbours: efforts to promote local guardianship of endangered species in
lowland Nepal. In:
John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter Jackson (Editors). Riding
the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 316-333. ISBN:
0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, endangered species conservation, comprehensive zoology, habitat
management with local support, conservation impact of ecodevelopment project, Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal.
Galhano Alves, Joao
Pedro. Men and tigers in Sariska
Tiger Reserve, India. Cat News. 1999 Spring; 30: 10-12. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, animal/human
interactions, behavioral interactions and encounters, patterns of coexistence
in reserve, Sariska Tiger Reserve, India.
Jackson, Peter. The
tiger in human consciousness and its significance in crafting solutions for
tiger conservation. In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 50-54. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, human/animal bonds, mythology folklore and religion, role of tigers
in culture, desires to save tigers and impact on conservation solutions,
conservation measures, Asia, Orient.
MacKinnon, Kathy;
Mishra, Hemanta; Mott, Jessica. Reconciling the needs of conservation and
local communities: Global Environment Facility support for tiger conservation
in India. In:
John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter Jackson (Editors). Riding
the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 307-315. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, wild animals, ecodevelopment project, Global Environment Facility,
conservation, habitat management, human/animal issues, India.
McDougal, Charles. Tiger attacks on people in Nepal. Cat News. 1999 Spring; 30: 9-10. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, attacks on
humans, recent cases, causes, situations, Nepal.
Nyhus, Philip; Sumianto;
Tilson, Ronald. People, politics, and
village-level conservation in Sumatra,
Indonesia. American Zoo and Aquarium Association
Annual Conference, 1999. 1999:
145-153.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
trigris, comprehensive zoology,
human/animal conflicts, habitat loss due to human activities, conservation
overview, Sumatra, Indonesia.
Sasaki, Fumie. Notes on wild tigers for environmental
education. Hiyoshi Review
of Natural Science. 1999; 26:
117-124. ISSN: 0911-7237.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, educational
value, environmental education.
Thapar, Valmik The tragedy of the Indian tiger: starting
from scratch. In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). Riding the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 296-306. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, conservation,
human/animal conflicts, habitat uses by humans, problems, possible solutions, India.
1998
Bolze, Dorene;
Chetkiewicz, Cheryl; Mingjiang, Qiu; Krakower, Douglas. The availability of tiger-based traditional
Chinese medicine products and public awareness about the threats to the tiger
in New York City's
Chinese communities: a pilot study. Wildlife
Conservation Society Working Paper.
1998 January; 12: 5-34.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, animal parts in Chinese
medicine, illegal animal trade, animals in entertainment, conservation
measures, education of threats to tiger survival, public awareness, Chinese
communities in New York City, United States.
Helalsiddiqui,
A.S.M. Present status of wildlife,
human casualties by tiger, and wildlife conservation in the Sundarbans of
Bangladesh. Tigerpaper (Bangkok). 1998; 25(2): 28-32. ISSN:
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, 150 human tiger victims/year, tiger
fatalities due to animal’s old age, poaching, death from unnatural causes,
environmental degradation, mangrove forest, hunting, water pollution,
agrochemicals, salinity, turbidity, local people issues, wild life
conservation, ecological changes, management plans, Tiger Project, tiger
populations, control, tiger behavior of man eating tigers, ecotourism,
Bangladesh.
Matyushkin, E.N. Amurskii
Tigr v Rossii. Bibliograficheskii Spravochnik 1925-1997. [The
Amur Tiger in Russia. An Annotated bibliography 1925-1997.]
WWF Russia;
Moscow. 1998.
416 pp. ISBN: 5900230155.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
various topics, conservation, annotated bibliography, Russia.
Nichols, Michael; Ward,
Geoffrey C. The Year of the Tiger. National Geographical Society; Washington, DC. 1998.
156 pp. ISBN: 079227377X.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, status of
animals in the wild, habitat losses, disturbance by humans, conservation
efforts, biology, behaviors, habitats.
Quli, S.M.S. Tiger management in India: a critical appraisal &
conservation strategy. Advances
in Forestry Research in India. 1998; (19): 28-178. ISSN:
0971-2704.
NAL call
no.: SD223.A3
Descriptors: Bengal tiger, Panthera tigris tigris, precise conservation
strategy, skill/techniques, principles of wildlife conservation, threatened
species, appraisal of past management effects, databases, nature reserves,
population dynamics, socio-economics, India.
Sekhar, N.U. Crop and livestock depredation caused by
wild animals in protected areas: the case of Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India. Environmental Conservation. 1998; 25(2): 160-171. ISSN:
0376-8929.
NAL call
no.: QH540.E55
Descriptors: animal distribution, predation on livestock,
crop damage, village study, cultural attitudes toward animals, advantages of
tiger reserve area, Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India.
Udaya Sekhar, N. Crop and livestock depredation caused by
wild animals in protected areas: the case of Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India. Environmental Conservation. 1998 June; 25(2): 160-171. ISSN:
0376-8929.
NAL call
no.: QH540.E55
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, livestock predation, wild
predators, conservation areas, protected areas, human/animal interactions,
problem identification and management, Saroska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India.
1997
Hazarika, Ashif
Ahmed. A report on tiger census conducted in Dibrusaikhowa Sanctuary and a
prospective tiger reserve in Upper Assam. Tigerpaper (Bangkok).
1997 January-March; 24(1): 14-16.
ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered species, wild population levels, disturbance by human
activities, conservation threats, proposals for conservation measures, Dibrusaikhowa Sanctuary, Assam.
Jackson, Peter. The
status of the tiger in 1997 and threats to its future. Cat
News. 1997 Autumn; 27: 8-10. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered status, human/animal conflicts, impacts of humans,
illegal trade in animals and animal parts, worldwide review of the tiger’s
status, future threats, decline in prey availability, forest and woodland
destruction, conservation significance.
Meacham, Cory J. How the Tiger Lost its Stripes: an
Exploration into the Endangerment of a Species. 1st ed.
Harcourt Brace; New York. c1997.
271 pp. ISBN: 0151002797.
NAL call
no.: QL737.C23M43 1997
Descriptors: tigers, endangered species, wildlife
conservation, historical view.
Qiu, Mingjang; Zhang,
Ming; Liu, Wulin. [A preliminary study on the Bengal tiger (Panthera
tigris tigris) in Namcha Barwa, southeastern Tibet.] Acta
Theriologica Sinica. 1997; 17(1):
1-7. ISSN: 1000-1050.
Note: In Chinese with a Chinese
and English summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris tigris, disturbance by humans, hunting pressures, conversion of land
for agricultural uses, conservation needs, conservation efforts, Namcha Barwa, Xizang, Tibet.
Seidensticker,
John. Saving the tiger. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 1997 Spring; 25(1): 6-17. ISSN:
0091-7648.
NAL call
no.: SK357.A1W5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, conservation programs, human/animal conflicts, ecological and
social-influences on conservation-programs, conservation threats, protection
program implications, conservation measures, current program status review, Asia, Orient.
1996
Ives, Richard. Of Tigers and Men: Entering the Age of
Extinction. 1st ed. Nan A. Talese/Doubleday; New York.
1996. 304 pp. ISBN: 038547816X.
NAL call
no.: QL737.C23I94 1996
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered species, wildlife conservation, Asia.
Veeramani, A.; Jayson,
E.A.; Ealphasa, P.S. Man-wildlife
conflict: cattle lifting and human casualties in Kerala. Special
issue: Wildlife Management. Indian Forester. 1996, 122(10): 897-902. ISSN:
0019-4816. Note: In English with a Hindi summary.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: leopards, Panthera pardus, tigers, Panthera
tigris, wild dogs, Cuon alpinus, cattle predation, human casualties, Kerala, India.
Wang, Zhentang; Shen,
Henzhe. [Impacts of human population in Tumen River Basin
on the density of northeast tiger.] Chinese Journal of Zoology. 1996 October; 31(5): 31-34. ISSN:
0250-3263. Note: In Chinese.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris altaica, wild populations, disturbance by human activitives,
population levels, population density, human/animal conflicts, Tumen River Basin, China.
1995
But, Paul Pui Hay. Tigers,
bears, and Chinese medicine. American Zoo and Aquarium Association Annual
Conference Proceedings, 1995. 1995:
68-73.
NAL call
no.: QL76.46.A472
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, bears, use of animal parts and fluids in traditional Chinese
medicines, medicine, significance for conservation, proposals regarding
traditional uses.
Carney, E.L. The greatest show on earth. Iowa
State University
Veterinarian. 1995; 57(2):
53-54. ISSN: 0099-5851.
NAL call
no.: 41.8 V6425
Descriptors: Panthera
leo, lions, Panthera tigris, tigers,
horses, buffalo, dogs, elephants, steers, training, circus animals,
anthrozoology.
Hancocks, David. Lions
and tigers and bears, oh no! In: Norton, Bryan G.; Hutchins, Michael; Stevens, Elizabeth
F.; Maple, Terry L. (Editors). Ethics on the Ark: Zoos, Animal Welfare and Wildlife
Conservation. Smithsonian
Institution Press; Washington & London. 1995: 31-37.
ISBN: 1560985151.
NAL call
no.: SF408.3.E84
Descriptors: tigers, threatened and endangered species,
captive animals, ethics of captive animals, comprehensive, role of zoos and
wildlife parks, discussion and recommendations, conservation measures, history,
concepts and challenges, review and discussion.
Hemley, Ginette. An
overview of world trade in tiger and bear products. American
Zoo and Aquarium Association Annual Conference Proceedings, 1995. 1995: 197-205.
NAL call
no.: QL76.5.46.A472
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, bears, illegal trade in animals, world trade in body parts and
fluids, overview.
Jha,
A.K. Tiger's survival - the trade factor. Myforest. 1995 September; 31(3): 23-25.
NAL call
no.: SD1.M8
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris tigris, illegal trade in animals and animal parts, wild populations,
conservation measures, prevention of illegal trade prevention, overview, India.
Mainka, S.A.; Mills, J.A. Wildlife and traditional Chinese medicine
- supply and demand for wildlife species.
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 1995; 26(2): 193-200. ISSN:
1042-7260.
NAL call
no.: SF601.J6
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, Ursidae, bears,
Rhinocerotidae, traditional Chinese animal based medicines, demand pressures on
wildlife species, human/animal conflicts, conservation, China.
Return to Contents
Trade Concerns, Tissue Identification, and Laws
2004
Singh, Anju; Gaur, Ajay;
Shailaja, K.; Singh, Lalji; Satyare Bala, B.
A novel microsatellite (STR) marker for forensic identification of
big cats in India. Forensic Science International. 2004 10th May; 141(2-3): 143-147 ISSN:
0379-0738.
Descriptors: lions, Panthera leo leo, Panthera
leo persica, leopards, Panthera pardus, tigers, Panthera tigris
tigris, illegal trade in animal parts, Chinese medicines based on animal
parts, identification techniques, forensic identification, of hybrids, PCR,
DNA, novel microsatellite marker, India.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. Division of International Conservation.
Rhinoceros & Tiger Conservation Act: Summary Report, 2001-2003. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish &
Wildlife Service, Division of International Conservation; Washington, DC: [2004]
47 pp.: col. ill., maps.
Note: Shipping list no.: 2004-0144-P.
NAL call
no.: QL737.U63R49 2004
Descriptors: Rhinoceros,
Panthera tigris, tigers, endangered species, wildlife conservation, laws and
regulations.
Wright, Belinda. Spate
of tiger and leopard skin seizures. Cat News. 2004 Autumn; 41: 19. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, Panthera pardus, trade in
animal skins, recent seizures, India,
Nepal.
2003
Anonymous. Illegal wildlife trade flourishing in Asia. Cat
News. 2003 Spring; 38: 40-41. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: leopards, Panthera
pardus, tigers, Panthera tigris, Tibetan antelope, illegal trade of skins and wool, seizures by
authorities, 2003 reports, Asia.
2001
Banks, D. Thailand's lax tiger protection exposed. AWI
Quarterly. Fall 2001; 50(4):
12. ISSN: 1071-1384.
NAL call
no.: HV4761.A5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, wild animal products,
trade in wild and endangered animals, lack of enforcement of laws, Thailand.
2000
Nowell, K. Far
from a Cure: the Tiger Trade Revisited.
A TRAFFIC Network Report.
Published in Cambridge; UK. 2000.
100 pp. ISBN: 1858501733.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris, sources and methods of report, tiger parts
traded, tiger bone medicines, tiger tonics, luxuries, charms, controlling
trade, illegal international trade issues, hunting, legislation, conservation,
Asia.
1999
Galster, Steven Russell;
Eliot, Karin Vaud. Roaring back: anti-poaching strategies for the Russian Far East and the comeback of the Amur tiger. In:
John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter Jackson (Editors). Riding
the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 230-242. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica, trade in animals and animal parts,
conservation measures, population size, recovery following anti-poaching
strategies, Russia.
Hemley, Ginette; Mills,
Judy A. Tigers, The beginning of the
end of tigers in trade? In: John Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter
Jackson (Editors). In: Riding
the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 217-229. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered animals, illegal trade in animal and animal parts,
conservation, history, attempts to curb hunting and killing animals, Oriental
region, Asia.
Kumar, Ashok; Wright,
Belinda. Combating tiger poaching and illegal wildlife trade in India. In: John
Seidensticker; Sarah Christie; Peter Jackson (Editors). Riding
the Tiger: Tiger Conservation in Human-Dominated Landscapes. Cambridge
University Press; Cambridge,
New York & Melbourne.
1999: 243-251. ISBN: 0521640571.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, wild animal, illegal poaching, trade in animals and animal parts,
anti-poaching strategies, conservation measures, India.
1998
Banks, D. Tigers
and traditional medicine - a study. Proceedings of the EU Wildlife Law
Enforcement Workshop, London,
1-2 March 1998. Department of the
Environment, Transport and the Regions; London. 1998: 93-95.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, use of wild animal parts in traditional medicine, illegal trade in
tigers and tiger parts, conservation implications, suggestions for addressing
the problems, enforcement regulations.
Bolze, Dorene;
Chetkiewicz, Cheryl; Mingjiang, Qiu; Krakower, Douglas. The availability of
tiger-based traditional Chinese medicine products and public awareness about
the threats to the tiger in New York
City's Chinese communities: a pilot study. Wildlife Conservation Society
Working Paper. 1998 January; 12:
5-34.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, animal parts in Chinese
medicine, illegal animal trade, animals in entertainment, conservation
measures, education of threats to tiger survival, public awareness, Chinese communities
in New York City, United States.
United States. Congress. House.
Committee on Resources. Rhino and
Tiger Product Labeling Act: report (to
accompany H.R. 2807) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget
Office). United States. Congress.
House Report; 105-495. [U.S.
G.P.O, Washington
D.C.]. 1998. 10 pp.
Note: Caption title. "April 28, 1998." SUDOCS: Y 1.1/8:105-495.
NAL call
no.: Fiche S (133 Y 1.1/8:105-495)
Descriptors: labels, law and legislation in the United States, rhinoceroses, tigers, Panthera tigris, wildlife conservation law and legislation, United States.
United States. Congress. House
Committee on Resources. Rhinoceros
and Tiger Conservation Act of 1998: report (to accompany H.R. 3113) (including
cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). United States. Congress.
House. Report; 105-455.
[U.S.
G.P.O., Washington, D.C.?]. 1998: 6 pp. Note: Caption title. "March 19, 1998." SUDOCS: Y 1.1/8:105-455.
NAL call no.:
Fiche S (133 Y 1.1/8:105-455)
Descriptors: rhinoceroses, tigers, Panthera tigris, laws and legislation, wildlife protection and
conservation, United States.
1997
Hughes, Patsy. Endangered
species; CITES, tigers and ivory. House of Commons Library, London. Research Paper 97/45. 1997.
25 pp.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered wild animals, elephants, Elephas maximus, Loxodonta Africana,
trade in animals and animal parts, ivory tusks, problems for wild animal
conservation, conservation measures, discussion of concerns.
Jackson, Peter. The
status of the tiger in 1997 and threats to its future. Cat
News. 1997 Autumn; 27: 8-10. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered status, human/animal conflicts, impacts of humans,
illegal trade in animals and animal parts, worldwide review of the tiger’s
status, future threats, decline in prey availability, forest and woodland
destruction, conservation significance.
Mills, J.A. Rhinoceros Horn and Tiger Bone in China:
an Investigation of the Trade Since the 1993 Ban. TRAFFIC International; Cambridge. 1997.
ISBN: 1858501288.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, illegal trade in animals and animal parts, effects on conservation of wild populations,
recommendations to prevent poaching and trade, 1993 ban, investigation of the
status of illegal trade.
Plowden, Campbell;
Bowles, David. The illegal market in tiger parts in northern Sumatra, Indonesia. Oryx. 1997 January; 31(1): 59-66. ISSN:
0030-6053.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris sumatrae, illegal trade in animals and animal parts, trade
prevention strategies, implications for conservation, conservation measures, Sumatra, Indonesia.
Tilson, Ronald;
Traylor-Holzer, Kathy; Qiu,Ming Jiang. The decline and impending extinction of the
South China tiger. Oryx. 1997 October; 31(4): 243-252. ISSN:
0030-6053.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris amoyensis, trade in animals and animal parts, possible extinction of
a subspecies, conservation recommendations, number in wild and captivity,
conservation significance.
1996
Anonymous. Tiger
toll in India, Nepal and Vietnam. Cat
News. 1996 Spring; 24: 3-4. ISSN:
1027-2992.
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, Panthera pardus,
leopards, Felis chaus, illegal trade
in animals and animal parts, mortality, skin seizures, report, India, Nepal,
Myanmar, Vietnam.
1995
Hemley, Ginette. An
overview of world trade in tiger and bear products. American
Zoo and Aquarium Association Annual Conference Proceedings, 1995. 1995: 197-205.
NAL call
no.: QL76.5.46.A472
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, bears, illegal trade in animals, world trade in body parts and
fluids, overview.
Jha,
A.K. Tiger's survival - the trade factor. Myforest. 1995 September; 31(3): 23-25.
NAL call
no.: SD1.M8
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris tigris, illegal trade in animals and animal parts, wild populations,
conservation measures, prevention of illegal trade prevention, overview, India.
Vehrs, Kristin L. Domestic legislation on bears and tigers
and CITES recommendations for the bear and tiger trade. American
Zoo and Aquarium Association Annual Conference Proceedings, 1995. 1995: 538-542.
NAL call
no.: QL76.5.46.A472
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, bears, trade in animals, CITES recommendations, conservation
measures, world wide actions.
Return to Contents
Conservation, Population Studies, Reserves
2004
Ashraf, Mohammed. Wild tiger
ecology & conservation in the Indian subcontinent eco-region. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2004 October-December; 31(4): 23-26. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, wildlife conservation, natural history, ecology, Indian subcontinent.
Boomgaard, Peter. 'Primitive'
tiger hunters in Indonesia
and Malaysia,
1800-1950. In: John Knight (Editor). Wildlife
in Asia: Cultural Perspectives. Nordic
Institute of Asian Studies - Man and Nature in Asia
Series, No 5. Routledge Curzon, London
& New York. 2004: 185-206. ISBN: 0700713328.
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tiger hunters, human/animal conflicts, hunting, historical
relationships, killing and coexistence, Indonesia,
Malaysia.
Chadha, S.K. Revival
of tiger population by stringent habitat protection: a case study from Orissa.
Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2004; 31(2): 30-32. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, plants, forest ecology,
dominant flora and fauna study, management for conservation, enforcement, fire
control, improvement of water regimes, communication and patrol camps, impacts
on wildlife, Berbera Forest of Khurda Forest Division, Orissa, India.
Corbett, Jim. The Oxford India
Illustrated Corbett. Oxford India Collection. c2004.
306 pp., ill. ISBN: 019566874X.
NAL call
no.: SK305.T5C67 2004
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tiger hunting, wildlife
hunting, historical work, 20th century, India.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Chundawat, Raghunandan S.; Nichols, James D.; Kumar, N. Samba. Estimation of tiger densities in the
tropical dry forests of Panna, Central India,
using photographic capture-recapture sampling.
Animal Conservation. 2004 August; 7(3): 285-290. ISSN: 1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, predator/prey population interactions, tropical dry-forest,
tiger ecological densities, baseline data needed, photo-capture method, 60
camera trap sites, estimated capture probability, population study identified
29 animals, 6.94 (3.23) tigers/100 km2, well managed area capable of supporting
9,000 tigers, Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Kawanishi, K.; Sunquist, M.E. Conservation
status of tigers in a primary rainforest of Peninsular Malaysia. Biological
Conservation. 2004; 120(3): 329-344. ISSN: 0006-3207.
NAL call
no.: S900.B5
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, Panthera pardus, leopards,
adult population survey, density estimate, photographic capture data, rain
forests, prey biomass, wild boar, muntjac, no evidence of poaching noted,
wildlife conservation, Taman
Negara National
Park, Peninsular Malaysia.
Nyhus, P.; Tilson,
R. Agroforestry,
elephants, and tigers: balancing conservation theory and practice in
human-dominated landscapes of Southeast Asia. Agriculture,
Ecosystems and Environment. 2004
September; 104(1): 87-97. ISSN: 0167-8809.
Note: In the special issue: Environmental
Services and Land Use Change Bridging the Gap Between Policy and Research in
Southeast Asia / edited by T.P. Tomich, M. van Noordwijk and D.E. Thomas.
NAL call
no.: S601.A34
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, elephants, conservation
theories, conservation realities, human/animal conflicts for landscapes,
societal issues, agroforestry, biodiversity, endangered species, defining
distribution and frequency of conflicts, edges of protected tropical landscape
areas, natural resource conservation, Sumatra, Indonesia, Southeast Asia.
Nyhus, P.J.; Tilson,
R. Characterizing human-tiger
conflict in Sumatra, Indonesia: implications for
conservation. Oryx. 2004; 38(1): 68-74. ISSN: 0030-6053.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: Panthera tigris sumatrae, Sumatran
tigers, human-tiger conflict, 1978-1997 data, 146 humans killed, 30 humans
injured, 870 livestock killed, multiple use of forests interface, endangered
species, livestock predation, wild predators, wildlife conservation, Sumatra,
Indonesia.
Shukla, Rakesh. The
Kanha approach to tiger conservation.
Indian Forester. 2004; 130(10): 1105-1112. ISSN: 0019-4816.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, conservation, few
wildlife protected areas, conservation efforts, relocation, protection, build
up of prey species, cooperation of park residents, Kanha Tiger Reserve, Mandla,
Madhya Pradesh, India.
Tilson, R.; Hu, De Fu;
Muntifering, J.; Nyhus, P.J.; Hu, D.F. Dramatic
decline of wild South China tigers Panthera
tigris amoyensis: field survey of priority tiger reserves. Oryx.
2004; 38(1): 40-47. ISSN: 0030-6053.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: South China tigers, Panthera tigris
amoyensis, field
survey of 8 reserves, presence of tigers, tiger prey populations, habitat
disturbance, 290 Km of mountain trails, infrared remote cameras, interviews of
villagers, probably no viable wild tiger populations remain, recovery and
restoration possibilities, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan and Guangdong,
China.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. Division of International Conservation. Rhinoceros & Tiger Conservation Act:
Summary Report, 2001-2003. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Division of
International Conservation; Washington,
DC. [2004] 47 pp., col., ill., maps. Note:
Shipping list no.: 2004-0144-P.
NAL call
no.: QL737.U63R49 2004
Descriptors: Rhinoceros,
Panthera tigris, tigers, endangered species, wildlife conservation, laws and
regulations.
Wegge, Per; Pokheral,
Chiranjibi Pd.; Jnawali, Shant Raj. Effects of trapping effort and trap shyness
on estimates of tiger abundance from camera trap studies. Animal
Conservation. 2004 August; 7(3): 251-256.
ISSN: 1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, population density
measurements, camera trapping, trapping effort, camera shyness effects,
monitoring abundance, capture/recapture model program CAPTURE, data management,
intensive, stratified subsampling suggested, Royal Bardia National Park, Nepal.
Wikramanayake, E.;
McKnight, M.; Dinerstein, E.; Joshi, A.; Gurung, B.; Smith, D. Designing
a conservation landscape for tigers in human-dominated environments. Conservation
Biology. 2004; 18(3): 839-844. ISSN: 0888-8892. Note:
In English with a Spanish summary.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1C5
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, endangered
species, geographical information systems, remote sensing, satellite imagery,
human dominated environments, landscape conservation models, survival of wild animals,
wildlife management, India, Nepal.
2003
Azlan J., Mohd; Sharma,
Dionysius S.K. Camera trapping the
Indochinese tiger, Panthera tigris
corbetti, in a secondary forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 2003 December 31; 51(2): 421-427. ISSN: 0217-2445.
Descriptors: Indochinese tigers, Panthera tigris
corbetti, distribution pattern in tropical rainforest, secondary forest,
oil palm plantations, Peninsular Malaysia, human-tiger conflicts, population
levels, field study, camera traps, ecology, habits, conservation, Jerangau
Forest Reserve, Ulu Terengganu, Malaysia.
Azlan, Mohd. Tiger conservation in Malaysia. Cat News. 2003 Spring; 38: 6-9. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris corbetti, distributed on Malay Peninsula, historical hunting to extinction,
man eating activities and behaviors, conservation, Malaysia.
Bagchi, S.; Goyal, S.P.;
Sankar, K. Prey abundance and prey
selection by tigers (Panthera tigris) in a semi-arid, dry deciduous
forest in western India. Journal of Zoology. 2003; 260(3): 285-290. ISSN: 0952-8369.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, food habits, prey abundance, semi-arid deciduous forest, line
transects, analysis of scats, chital, Axis axis, langur, Presbytis entellus, sambar, Cervus
unicolor, nilgai, Boselaphus
tragocamelus, wild pig, Sus scrofa, chinkara, Gazella bennetti,
domestic livestock, population densities, wildlife conservation, Ranthambhore
National Park, western India.
Choudhary, Ramanuj. Population estimation of tigers in Maharashtra - emerging trends. Tigerpaper (Bangkok).
2003 January-March; 30(1): 11-12. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tiger, Panthera tigris, population
censuses, trends, Maharashtra,
India.
Coggins, Chris. The
Tiger and the Pangolin: Nature, Culture, and Conservation in China. University of Hawaii
Press; Honolulu.
2003.
339 pp., [8] p. of plates: ill. (some col.), map. ISBN: 0824825063.
NAL call
no.: QH77.C6C64 2003
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, pangolins, historical review, nature conservation, endangered
wildlife conservation, ecology, China.
Dahmer, Tom. Update on south China
tigers at Meihuashan National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China. Porcupine. 2003 August; 29: 12-13. ISSN: 1025-6946.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, nature
reserves, conservation, status, Meihuashan National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China.
Huang, XiangYun; Hu, De Fu;
Liu, Wei Shi; Muntifering, J.; Huang, X.Y.; Hu, D.F.; Liu, W.S. [Field survey on South China tigers and their
habitat evaluation in Yihuang Provincial Reserve in Jiangxi Province.] Journal of Beijing Forestry
University. 2003; 25(4): 54-58. ISSN: 1000-1522. Note:
In Chinese with an English summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris amoyensis, data from local people, transect
population sampling, tiger populations, endangered species, forest
fragmentation, destruction of habitats, hunting, poaching, Yihuang Provincial
Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China.
Johnsingh, A.J.T.; Negi,
A.S. Status of tiger and leopard in
Rajaji-Corbett Conservation Unit, northern India. Biological Conservation. 2003; 111(3): 385-393. ISSN: 0006-3207.
NAL call
no.: S900.B5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, conservation, status of
tiger and leopard populations, pug mark counting on 3-5 km transect walks, dry stream
beds, people and cattle as indicators of disturbance, habitat fragmentation,
isolation of populations, poaching control, resettlement of tribes and
villages, creation of forest corridors, conversion of monoculture to
polycultures, establish mini-core areas, Rajaji Corbett Tiger Conservation
Unit, India.
Kae, Kawanishi. Save the tiger. The role of conservation science. Malayan Naturalist. 2003 June; 56(4): 28-33. ISSN: 0127-0206.
NAL call
no.: QH185.M34
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, science-based
conservation strategies, Southeast Asia.
Kang, Sue; Phipps,
Marcus. A Question of Attitude: South Korea's
Traditional Medicine Practitioners and Wildlife Conservation. 2003.
Note: In collaboration with:
Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic
of Korea; Association of
Korean Oriental Medicine; and the Korean Oriental Drug Association.
Descriptors: traditional Korean medicine, use of products from
endangered wildlife species, tiger, rhinoceros, musk deer, bear, pangolin,
CITES, trade in banned species, mail survey of importance in medicine, decrease
in tiger bone, rhinoceros horn, bear gallbladder, continued use of pangolin scale
and musk, possible reductions if proven substitutes are available, regulations,
survey of marketed products, Korea.
Karanth, K.D. Forest
use and human-wildlife conflicts in Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Tropical
Resources: Bulletin of the Yale Tropical Resources Institute. 2003; 22: 48-58.
Descriptors: Acacia
concinna,
Artocarpus lakucha, Elephas maximus, Panthera pardus, leopards, Panthera tigris, humans, pigs, Sapindus
emarginatus, multiple land use, fire wood collection, livestock grazing,
non-timber forest products, fishing, hunting, villages, household losses, crop
damage, human/animal conflicts, livestock as prey, Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary,
nature reserves, India.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Nichols, James D.; Seidensticker, John; Dinerstein, Eric; Smith, James L.
David; McDougal, Charles; Johnsingh, A.J.T.; Chundawat, Raghunandan S.; Thapar,
Valmik. Science deficiency in
conservation practice: The monitoring of
tiger populations in India. Animal Conservation. 2003 May; 6(2): 141-146. ISSN:
1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, conservation
practices, population monitoring, efficiency of pug mark census method tested,
ecological techniques, distribution mapping, tracking relative abundance,
estimation of absolute abundance, alternative sampling-based approach, India.
Karanth, K. Ullas. Tiger ecology and conservation in the
Indian Subcontinent. Journal of
the Bombay
Natural History Society. 2003
August-December; 100(2-3): 169-189. ISSN 0006-6982.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, ecology,
range of habitats, social organization, females maintain and defend home
ranges, population densities, ungulate prey populations, prey species
depletion, conservation policies, incompatible human uses of habitat, India.
Kinnaird, M.F.;
Sanderson, E.W.; O' Brien, T.G.; Wibisono, H.T.; Woolmer, G.
Deforestation trends in a tropical landscape and implications for
endangered large mammals. Conservation
Biology. 2003; 17(1): 45-257. ISSN: 0888-8892.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1C5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae,
large mammals, elephants, rhinos, tapirs, endangered species, rampant
deforestation effects on wild life populations, remote sensing, biological
surveys, predictive model of deforestation, Sumatra.
Kumar Talukdar,
Bibhab. Challenges faced in tiger
conservation in Manas National Park of
Assam, India. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2003 October-December; 30(4): 11-13. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, natural
reserves, national parks, conservation efforts, problems faced in conservation
of tigers, Manas National Park of Assam, India.
Linkie, M.; Martyr,
D.J.; Holden, J.; Achmad, Yanuar; Hartana, A.T.; Jito, Sugardjito; Leader, Williams
N. Habitat destruction and poaching
threaten the Sumatran tiger in Kerinci Seblat National Park, Sumatra. Oryx.
2003; 37(1): 41-48. ISSN: 0030-6053.
NAL call
no.: 410 OR9
Descriptors: Sumatran tiger, Panthera tigris sumatrae, critically endangered animal, numerous
threats, poaching, prey depletion, habitat loss, logging, oil palm production,
pioneer farming, mining operations, forest fires, phototrapping for tiger
distribution, patrol size effects, general law enforcement, mitigation of humans/tigers
conflicts, population monitoring, Kerinci Seblat National Park, west central
Sumatra, Indonesia.
Madhusudan, M.D. Living amidst large wildlife: livestock
and crop depredation by large mammals in the interior villages of Bhadra Tiger
Reserve, south India. Environmental Management. 2003 April; 31(4): 466-475. ISSN:
0364-152X.
NAL call
no.: HC79.E5E5
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, elephants, Elephas maximus, humans/wild animals
conflicts, livestock and crops vs conservation, spatio-temporal patterns of
animal damage, compensation claims were too slow, possible livestock and crop
insurance programs, Bhadra Tiger Reserve, India.
O'Brien, Timothy G.;
Kinnaird, Margaret F.; Wibisono, Hariyo T.
Crouching tigers, hidden prey:
Sumatran tiger and prey populations in a tropical forest landscape. Animal Conservation. 2003 May; 6(2): 131-139. ISSN: 1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae, mouse deer, pigs, Sambar deer, red
muntjac, pigtail macaques, tapir, argus pheasant, prey food availability,
effects on predator populations, population dynamics, camera trap, habitat
loss, illegal hunting, human/animal conflicts, edge effects, national parks,
nature reserves, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia.
Ramanuj, Choudhary;
Choudhary, R. Population estimation
of tigers in Maharashtra –emerging
trends. Tigerpaper (Bangkok).
2003; 30(1): 11-12. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, population density trends, wildlife conservation, national parks
and reserves, Maharashtra, India.
Sekhar, N.U. Local people's attitudes towards
conservation and wildlife tourism around Sariska Tiger Reserve, India. Journal of Environmental Management. 2003; 69(4): 339-347. ISSN: 0301-4797.
NAL call
no.: HC75.E5J6
Descriptors: conservation, ecotourism, wildlife tourism,
study on local village and attitudes, relationship between wildlife tourism and
local support for conservation, tiger conservation areas, economic impacts,
tourism impacts, wildlife conservation, benefits to local folks, survey of
local attitudes, issues of local involvement in development of local tourism,
national reserves, Sariska Tiger Reserve, India.
Singh, Billy Arjan. Watching India's Wildlife: The Anthology of
a Lifetime. Oxford
University Press; New Delhi.
2003; i-xxxvii, 188 pp. ISBN:
0195672186.
Descriptors: wildlife conservationist, life of Billy Arjan
Singh, establishment of Tiger Haven, Dudhwa
National Park, decline of wildlife
population such as tigers and leopards, co-existence with humans issues, life of
Tara tigress, India.
Srinivasulu, I.F.S. Dynamics
of tiger sighting in Nagarahole
National Park. Myforest. 2003; 39(1): 1-5.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, survey of sightings,
various impacts, seasonal changes, thickness of undergrowth, tourist pressure, Nagarahole National Park, India.
Srivastava, S.S.; Singh,
L.A.K. Status of Wild Dog (Cuon
alpinus) in Similipal and possible impacts of 'village dogs'. Zoos' Print. 2003; 18(10): 18-21. ISSN: 0971-6378.
Descriptors: dholes, domestic dogs, impact on ecology,
domestic dogs effects on wild herbivores and tigers, Panthera tigris, effects
on biodiversity conservation, interspecific competition, stray animals,
wildlife parks, Similipal Tiger Reserve, India.
Subrat, Mukherjee;
Mukherjee, S. Tiger human conflicts
in Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2003; 30(2): 3-6. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, villagers, conflicts
between humans and tiger preservation efforts, fencing, trapping of animals
that stray, wildlife management practices, Sundarban Tiger Reserve, West
Bengal, India,
Thapar, Valmik. Battling
for Survival: India's
Wilderness over Two Centuries.
Oxford University Press; Oxford, New York 2003.
444 pp., [16] p. of plates: ill. (some col.) ISBN: 0195662938. Note:
Includes bibliographical references (p. [426]-442) and index.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.I4B38 2003
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, wilderness areas,
wildlife refuges, endangered ecosystems, endangered species, loss of species
and populations, India.
Thapar, Valmik. The status of the tiger in India. Cat News. 2003 Autumn; 39: 21-22. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, conservation
programs, Project Tiger, 29 tiger reserves, 1,800 wild tigers, conservation
measures and strategies, animal distribution, India.
Wan, Q.H.; Fang, S.G.;
Chen, G.F.; Wang, Z.M.; Ding, P.; Zhu, M.Y.; Chen, K.S.; Yu, J.H.; Zhao,
Y.P. Use of oligonucleotide
fingerprinting and faecal DNA in identifying the distribution of the Chinese
tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis Hilzheimer). Biodiversity and Conservation. 2003 August; 12(8): 1641-1648. ISSN: 0960-3115.
URL: http://www.kluweronline.com/issn/0960-3115/contents
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1B562
Descriptors: tiger, Panthera
tigris amoyensis, endangered
species, DNA profiling, extraction, feces, DNA, DNA probes, distribution, China.
Xu, Zhi Qing. [How the South China
tiger in wild being in imminent danger - to suggest concurrently the hopeness
[hopefulness] of saving this subspecies of tiger.] Sichuan
Journal of Zoology. 2003 August;
22(3): 184-190. ISSN: 1000-7083.
Note: In Chinese with a Chinese
and English summary.
Descriptors: Chinese tigers, Panthera tigris amoyensis,
endangered status, conservation measures, population size, China.
2002
Badhwa, Anoop. Tiger at the crossroads. Indian Forester. 2002 October; 128(10): 1106-1112. ISSN: 0019-4816.
Note: In English with a Hindi
summary.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, endangered
species, wild animals, threats by human activities, conservation measures,
population losses, restoration management, human-tiger conflicts, dispersal
corridors, effective implementation of conservation laws, boundary cooperation,
forest fragmentation, habitat loss, hunting, poaching, nature conservation,
India.
Biswas, S.; Sankar,
K. Prey abundance and food habits of
tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Pench
National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India. Journal of Zoology (London). 2002 March; 256(3): 411-420. ISSN: 0952-8369.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, chital, Axis axis, Sambar, Cervus unicolor, langur, Presbytis
entellus, pig, Sus
scrofa, domestic
livestock, prey food preferences, prey species availability, density and
biomass, dry deciduous forest, scat analysis and line transect technique,
conservation implications, long term tiger reserve possibilities for Pench
National Park, Central India.
Coggins, Chris. The
Tiger and the Pangolin: Nature, Culture, and Conservation in China. University of Hawaii
Press; Honolulu. 2002.
339 pp. ISBN: 0824825063.
NAL call
no.: QH77.C6C64 2003
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, pangolin, species natural
history, relationships with humans, conservation, comprehensive zoology,
conservation, historical information, China.
Das, S.C. Management of Buxa Tiger Reserve, West
Bengal, India. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002; 29(3): 24-29. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, environmental protection,
habitat management, nature reserves, protection of forests, reserved areas,
resource management, wildlife conservation, wildlife management, 4 different
zones: 1) wilderness zone; 2) habitat management zone; 3) multiple use zone; 4)
tourism zone, Buxa Tiger Reserve, India.
Gani, Mohammad Osman. A study on the loss of Bengal tiger (Panthera
tigris) in five years (1996-2000) from Bangladesh Sundarbans. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002 April-June; 29(2): 6-11. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris, wild
animals, human/tiger conflicts, attacks on humans, synanthropy, conservation
measures, destruction of tigers, Sundarbans,
Bangladesh.
Grassman, L.I. Jr.;
Kreetiyut Anont, K.; Tewes,
M.E. Survey and status of the carnivore community
in Northeastern Thailand. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002; 29(4): 1-3. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, clouded leopards,
populations of cryptic carnivores, endangered species, habitat selection,
camera trapping survey, forested hills of Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary,
northeastern Thailand.
Harnal, V.K.; Wildt,
D.E.; Bird, D.M.; Monfort, S.L.; Ballou, J.D.
Computer simulations to determine the efficacy of different genome
resource banking strategies for maintaining genetic diversity. Cryobiology. 2002 April; 44(2): 122-131. ISSN: 0011-2240.
NAL call
no.: QH324.C7
Descriptors: Eld’s deer, Cervus eldi thamin,
Sumatran tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae, Przewalski’s horse, Equus
przewalskii, conservation measures, genome resource databases, assisted
reproductive techniques, cryo-technologies, sperm banks types, Wild Bank
(material from wild individuals), Best Males (most genetically valuable when Bank
established), bank usage frequencies, in-breeding, gene diversity, issues over
the long term maintenance.
Hayward, Gregory D.; Miquelle,
Dale G; Smirnov, Evgeny N.; Nations, Chris.
Monitoring Amur tiger populations: characteristics of track surveys
in snow. Wildlife Society
Bulletin. 2002 Winter; 30(4): 1150-1159.
ISSN: 0091-7648.
NAL call
no.: SK357.A1W5
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
endangered species, population levels, measurement via tracks in snow,
efficiency evaluation, Sikhote Alin State Biosphere Zapovednik region, Russia.
Hazarika, A.A. A preliminary survey on the status of
tigers (Panthera tigris) in Dibrusaikhowa Biosphere Reserve. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002; 29(1): 17-21. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, distribution, major prey
species, local movement, recommendation for protection, endangered species,
nature reserves, research infrastructure, Dibrusaikhowa Biosphere Reserve,
Assam, India.
Indian Forester. Focus on wildlife. Indian Forester. 2002; 128(10): 1061-1161. ISSN: 0019-4816. Note:
11 papers on theme of wildlife management in India. In English with a summary in Hindi.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, elephants, pelicans,
tiger conservation, conservation laws, human/animal conflicts, animal health,
protected area management, giraffe calf rearing in zoo, lion cub mortality, India.
Jennelle, Christopher
S.; Runge, Michael C.; MacKenzie, Darryl I.
The use of photographic rates to estimate densities of tigers and
other cryptic mammals: a comment on misleading conclusions. Animal Conservation. 2002 May; 5(2): 119-120. ISSN: 1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, population density
measurement, camera survey, photographic rate index, data evaluation for
cryptic taxa, reliability.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Chundawat, Raghunandan S. Ecology of
the tiger: implications for population monitoring. In:
K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002; 9-21.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, natural
history, ecology, population monitoring, overview.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Kumar, N. Samba. Field surveys:
assessing relative abundance of tigers and prey. In:
K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 71-85.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian predators, field survey
methods for predator and mammalian prey, relative abundances assessment.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Kumar, N. Samba; Chundawat, Raghunandan.
Field surveys: assessing spatial distributions of tigers and
prey. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies;
Karnataka. 2002: 39-50. ISBN:
8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian predators, prey and
predator spatial distribution assessment, field survey protocols.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Thomas, Len; Kumar, N. Samba. Field
surveys: estimating absolute densities of prey species using line transect
sampling. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka.
2002: 111-120. ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals, predator/prey
population density measurements, absolute densities estimation, line transect
sampling, field survey methods.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Kumar, N. Samba; Nichols, James, D. Field
surveys: estimating absolute densities of tigers using capture-recapture
sampling. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 139-152. ISBN:
8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, population
density measurement, camera trap survey techniques, absolute densities
estimation, capture/recapture sampling.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Nichols, James D. Monitoring tiger
populations: why use capture-recapture sampling? In: K.
Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors).
Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual for Researchers, Managers and
Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 153-166. ISBN:
8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
population density measurements, comprehensive zoology, capture/recapture
methods, statistical techniques, statistics, design considerations, India.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Nichols, James D.; Sen, P.K.; Rishi, Vinod.
Monitoring tigers and prey: conservation needs and managerial
constraints. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002: 1-8.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, mammalian
predators, predator/prey monitoring, conservation needs and managerial
constraints.
Karanth, K. Ullas;
Nichols, James D. (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: a Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Topical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka. 2002; i-xv, 193 pp. ISBN:
8190144219.
Descriptors: Panthera tigris, mammalian
predators, manual for monitoring techniques, populations numbers of predators
and prey, India.
Kerley, Linda L.;
Goodrich, John M.; Miquelle, Dale G.; Smirnov, Evgeny N.; Quigley, Howard B.;
Hornocker, Maurice G. Effects of
roads and human disturbance on Amur tigers.
Conservation Biology. 2002
February; 16(1): 97-108. ISSN: 0888-8892.
Note: Includes a Spanish summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
effects of habitat disturbances by human activities, road development,
conservation efforts, feeding behavior, adult females and cubs, survival of
young, Primorye Krai, Sikhote Alin State Biosphere, Zapovednik, Russa.
Kumar, M. Ananda; Singh,
Mewa; Srivastava, Sanjay K.; Udhayan, A.; Kumara, H.N.; Sharma, A.K. Distribution patterns, relative abundance
and management of mammals in Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 2002 August; 99(2): 184-210. ISSN: 0006-6982.
NAL call
no.: 513 B63
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, elephants, guar, sambar,
muntjac, pigs, chital, leopards, palm civets, giant squirrels, macaques,
languor, preferred habitats, habitat relationships, different vegetation types,
direct sightings, signs, tracks, seasonal effects, conservation implications,
Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India.
Liu, Jia Wu; Wu, Fa
Qing; Ge, Ji Wen; He, Ding Fu; Dai, Zong Xing; Shi, Dao Liang; Man, Jin Shan;
Peng, Zong Lin. Preliminary investigation
of South China tiger in Qizimei Mountains Nature Reserve, Hubei
province, China. Journal of Central China
Normal University
Natural Sciences. 2002 June; 36(2): 213-216;
Sum. 102. ISSN: 1000-1190.
Note: In Chinese with a Chinese
and English summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris amoyensis,
population level, conservation proposal, animal behavior, Qizimei Mountains
Nature Reserve, Hubei province, China.
Lynam, Anthony J. Metodos
de Trabajo de campo para definir y proteger poblaciones de gatos grandes: los
tigres Indochinos como
un estudio de Caso. [Field methods for
defining and protecting populations of large cats: tigers of Indochina
as a case study.] In: Rodrigo A. Medellin; Clementina Equihua; Cheryl
L.B. Chetkiewicz; Peter G. Crawshaw, Jr.; Alan Rabinowitz; Kent H. Redford;
John G. Robinson; Eric W. Sanderson; Andrew B. Taber (Editors). El
Jaguar en el Nuevo Milenio. [The Jaguar in the New Millenium.] Ediciones Cientificas Universitarios: Serie
Texto Cientifico Universitario. Fondo
de Cultura Economica; Mexico D.F. 2002: 55-71.
ISBN: 9681666178. Note: In Spanish with English and Spanish
summaries.
Descriptors:
Panthera
onca, Panthera tigris, population
dynamics, population monitoring, ecology, conservation measures, field methods,
conservation, Indochina.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas. Population
monitoring: a conceptual framework. In:
K. Ullas Karanth; James D Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual for
Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies, Karnataka. 2002: 23-28.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
population density measurements, comprehensive zoology, conceptual framework,
mathematical techniques, statistics, relative abundance indices.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas. Statistical
concepts: assessing spatial distributions.
In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: A Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center for Wildlife Studies, Karnataka. 2002: 29-38.
ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
population density measurements, comprehensive zoology, mathematical
techniques, statistics, relative abundance indices.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas. Statistical
concepts: estimating absolute densities of tigers using capture-recapture
sampling. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and Their Prey: a Manual
for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical Asia. Center
for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka.
2002: 121-137. ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
capture/recapture sampling methods, population density measurement, absolute
densities estimation, statistical concepts, mathematical statistical
techniques.
Nichols, James D.;
Karanth, K. Ullas. Statistical
concepts: indices of relative abundance. In: K. Ullas Karanth; James D. Nichols
(Editors). Monitoring Tigers and
Their Prey: A Manual for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical
Asia. Center
for Wildlife Studies, Karnataka. 2002: 61-69. ISBN:
8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, wild animals,
population density measurements, comprehensive zoology, mathematical
techniques, statistics, relative abundance indices.
Solanki, G.S.; Melkania,
Uma. Namdapha Tiger Reserve -
planning for sustainable development as a biosphere reserve. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2002 January-March; 29(1): 21-26. ISSN:
1014-2789. Note: Part mis-labelled as 39(1) on front cover.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5A1T53
Descriptors: comprehensive zoology, effects of disturbance
by humans, threats to biodiversity, tiger habitat management, description of
the reserve, biodiversity, Changlang District, Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
Thapar, Valmik. The
Cult of the Tiger. Oxford
University Press; New Delhi; New York: 2002; 119 pp., [16] p. of plates:
col. ill. ISBN: 0195660366. Note:
Includes bibliographical references (p. [104]-112) and index.
NAL call
no.: QL795.T5T43 2002
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, natural history, habitats, range, human/tiger interactions,
conservation, endangered species, India.
Thomas, Len; Karanth, K.
Ullas. Statistical concepts:
estimating absolute densities of prey species using line transect sampling. In: Karanth,
K. Ullas; Nichols, James D. Nichols (Editors). Monitoring Tigers and
Their Prey: A Manual for Researchers, Managers and Conservationists in Tropical
Asia.
Center for Wildlife Studies; Karnataka.
2002: 87-109. ISBN: 8190144219.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, prey species densities, density
estimation, line transect sampling statistical concepts.
2001
Ahearn, S.C.; Smith, J.L.D.; Joshi,
A.R.; Ding, J. TIGMOD: an
individual-based spatially explicit model for simulating tiger/human
interaction in multiple use forests.
Ecological Modelling. 2001;
140(1-2): 81-97. ISSN: 0304-3800.
NAL call
no.: QH541.15.M3E25
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, TIGMOD model system, multiple use forests, conflicts between humans
and tigers, field work, population studies, computer modeling of tiger/human
interactions, management, forest use by tigers, forest use by humans, animal
behavior, forest ecology, geographical information systems, predation,
predators, prey, simulation models, Nepal.
Anonymous. China establishes new
reserve for tigers and leopards. Cat
News. 2001 Autumn; 35: 5. ISSN: 1027-2992.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
leopards, Panthera pardus orientalis, endangered animals reserve
established, Jilin Hunchun Nature Reserve, China.
Azad, M.R.H.; Tabassum,
J. A faunal survey of Rajapara,
Kamrup district, Assam.
Environment and Ecology. 2001;
19(2): 327-330. ISSN: 0970-0420.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, leopards, Panthera pardus, Cuon
alpinus, Hylobates hoolock, elephants, pigs, deforestation and forest fires effects,
monoculture farming, forest fragmentation, habitat destruction, forest
reserves, surveys of wild animal species and populations, India.
Carbone, C.; Christie,
S.; Conforti, K.; Coulson, T.; Franklin, N.; Ginsberg, J.R.; Griffiths, M.; Holden,
J.; Kawanishi, K.; Kinnaird, M.; Laidlaw, R.; Lynam, A.; Macdonald, D.W.;
Martyr, D.; McDougal, C.; Nath, L.; O'Brien, T.; Seidensticker, J.; Smith,
D.J.L.; Sunquist, M.; Tilson, R.; Wan Shahruddin, W.N. The use of photographic rates to estimate
densities of tigers and other cryptic mammals. Animal Conservation. 2001 February; 4(1): 75-79. ISSN: 1367-9430.
NAL call
no.: QH75.A1A54
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, scarce and seldom seen
mammals, photography-based population surveys, population density measurement,
methods, Oriental region.
Chen, Guo Liang; Li,
Zhong Kui; Song, Pei Lin; Jin, Kun; Shen, Qing Yong. [The current situation and the pedigree
analysis of south China
tiger.] Chinese Journal of
Zoology. 2001 August; 36(4): 45-48. ISSN: 0250-3263. Note:
In Chinese with an English and Chinese summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris amoyensis,
captive status, endangered status, breeding, pedigree analysis, China.
Ganzei, S.; Smith,
Z. Trees for tigers: habitat
restoration in Primorye, Russia. Proceedings of the Society of American
Forestry National Convention. The
Society, Bethesda, MD. 2001: 182-185. ISSN: 0899-370X. Note:
Meeting held September 13-17, 2001, in Denver, Colorado.
NAL call
no.: SD143.S64
Descriptors: endangered species, habitats, forest habitat
restoration, partnerships, Russia.
Hosetti, B.B.; Somanath,
B.C. Prospects and perspectives of
Project Tiger in India. In: B.B. Hosetti; M. Venkateshwarlu (Editors). Trends in Wildlife Biodiversity
Conservation and Management. Vol. 1. Daya Publishing House, Delhi.
2001: 125-140. ISBN: 8170352592.
NAL call
no.: SK355.T73 2001
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris,
conservation project to protect tigers, threats to conservation efforts,
habitat disturbance by man, India.
Hsieh, Hsing Mei;
Chiang, Hsiao Ling; Tsai, Li Chin; Lai, Shu Ya; Huang, Nu En; Linacre, A.; Lee,
Chun I.J. Cytochrome b gene for
species identification of the conservation animals. Forensic Science International. 2001, 122(1): 7-18. ISSN: 0379-0738.
Descriptors: identification of remains of endangered
animals and species, conservation, Formosan gem-faced civets, Panthera species, leopard cats, tigers,
clouded leopards, lions, Formosan muntjacs, Formosan sika deers, Formosan
sambars, Formosan serows, water buffalo, Formosan pangolins and Formosan
macaques, control species used, domestic cats, domestic dogs, domestic sheep,
domestic cattle, domestic pigs, humans, heteroplasmy frequencies, species and
individual diversity, cytochrome b gene useable for animal identification,
genetic distances, Taiwan.
Krutova, V.I. [Use of the method of odor identification bi
[by] dogs in studies of large carnivores mammals.] Byulleten' Moskovskogo
Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody Otdel Biologicheskii. 2001 November-December; 106(6): 3-13. ISSN: 0027-1403. Note:
In Russian with an English summary.
Descriptors: Panthera
tigris, tigers, dogs, training
dogs to identify fecal odor of tigers, tracking tigers with dogs, monitoring of
population, tracking separate animals, field testing in Russian reserves.
Li, Tong; Ji Ang, Jin
Song; Wu, Zhi Gang; Han, Xiao Dong; Wu, Jing Cai; Yang, Xing Jia. [Survey on
Amur tigers in Jilin
Province.] Acta Theriologica Sinica. 2001 February; 21(1): 1-6. ISSN: 1000-1050. Note:
In Chinese with a Chinese and English summary.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
population survey, abundance and distribution, Jilin, China.
Lynam, Antony J.; Kreetiyutanont, Kitti; Mather,
Robert. Conservation status and distribution
of the Indochinese tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) and other large
mammals in a forest complex in northeastern Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam
Society. 2001 Summer; 49(1): 61-75. ISSN: 0080-9462.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, large mammals, infrared-based
camera traps, 1 tiger, 22 other species seem to be present, pressure from
hunting predators and prey, conservation efforts urgently required, Phu Khieo
Wildlife Sanctuary in Chaiyaphum
Province, Thailand.
Melkani, V.K. Tiger conservation in India: past,
present and future. Indian
Forester. 2001, 127(10): 1081-1097. ISSN: 0019-4816. Note:
In English with a summary in Hindi.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 IN2
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris, forests habitat destruction,
poaching, human consumption of tiger body parts, human/wildlife conflicts,
effective control and improved coordination for effective tiger conservation.
Thapar, Valmik. Saving Wild Tigers, 1900-2000: The Essential Writings. Permanent Black;Delhi
and Orient Longman; Bangalore.
c2001.
411 pp., ill. ISBN: 817824005X.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.I4S28 2001
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris, endangered species,
wildlife conservation, historical view of a century of tiger conservation
activities, India.
Tilson, Ronald; Nyhus,
Philip; Frankin, Neil; Sriyanto; Bastoni; Yunus, Mohammad; Sumianto. Tiger
restoration in Asia: ecological theory vs.
sociological reality. In: David S. Maehr; Reed F. Noss; Jeffery L.
Larkin (Editors). Large Mammal
Restoration: Ecological and Sociological Challenges in the 21st century. Island Press.
Washington, Covelo & London.
2001: 277-291. ISBN: 1559638176.
NAL call
no.: QL717.L37 2001
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris sumatrae,
conservations, endangered species restoration, realities of animals and human
interactions, sociological considerations, reintroduction, relocation programs,
rainforests, Indonesia.
2000
Acharya, T.P. Inbreeding of tiger (Panthera tigris
tigris) in Nepal:
a review. Banko Janakari. 2000;
1 0(1): 31-35.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris tigris, endangered
species, threatened populations, forest, fragmentation, habitat destruction,
reduced gene flow, probability of in-breeding, nature reserves, population
change, reviews, wildlife conservation and management, Nepal.
Ali Reza, A.H.M.; Mohsinuzzaman Chowdhury, Md; Santiapillai, Charles. Tiger conservation in Bangladesh. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2000 January-March; 27(1): 1-5. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris, endangered
status, wild populations, conservation measures, conservation strategies, Sundarbans, Bangladesh.
Alyna, Barat; Poyyamoli,
G. Captive breeding and zoo policy in
India
- lessons from Arignar Anna zoological park.
Zoos' Print Journal. 2000;
15(1): 177-183.
Descriptors: mammals, tigers, Panthera tigris, Macaca silenus, Cervus eldi eldi, Trachypithecus johnii, Cercopithecidae, captive zoo
animals, conservation of endangered species, captive animal breeding policies, India.
Bohra, N.K. Tiger reserves of Rajasthan. Tigerpaper
(Bangkok). 2000 October-December; 27(4): 21-22. ISSN: 1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris, endangered animals, wildlife
conservation, national parks and reserves, descriptions of habitats, importance
of various reserves, Sariska and Ranthambhore, Rajasthan.
Chandy, S.; Euler, D.L.;
Watson, A.E. (Editor); Aplet, G.H. (Editor); Hendee, J.C. Can community forestry conserve tigers in India? In: Personal, Societal, and Ecological
Values of Wilderness: Sixth World Wilderness Congress Proceedings on Research,
Management, and Allocation, volume II, Bangalore, India, 24-29 October 1998.
Proceedings. Rocky Mountain
Research Station, USDA, Forest Service; Fort
Collins. 2000;
No. RMRS-P-14:155-161.
NAL call
no.: Fiche S133 (A13.151/5:RMRS-P-4)
Descriptors:
tigers, Panthera
tigris, protected species,
wildlife conservation, diversity and environmental protection, forest
management, India.
Abstract: Active participation of local people through
community forestry has been successful in several developed countries. In the early 1980's, developing countries
tried to adopt this approach for the conservation and management of forests. Nepal,
for example, has gained considerable support from local people by involving
them in conservation policies and actions.
This paper illustrates that people living near the Sundarbans Tiger
Reserve/National Park in India
should not be considered mere gatherers of forest products. They can also be active managers and use
forest resources sustainably, which will help in the conservation of tigers.
Das, S.C. Biodiversity in Buxa Tiger Reserve, West
Bengal, India:
an overview. Tigerpaper (Bangkok).
2000; 27(1): 29-32. ISSN
1014-2789.
NAL call
no.: QL84.5.A1T53
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigeris, floral and faunal diversity, tropical forest tiger reserve,
wildlife conservation, Buxa Tiger Reserve, India.
Evans, T.D.; Duckworth,
J.W.; Timmins,
R.J. Field observations of larger
mammals in Laos, 1994-1995. Mammalia. 2000; 64(1): 55-99. ISSN: 0025-1461. Note:
In English with a French summary.
NAL call
no.: 410 M31
Descriptors: mammal survey, extensive forests, newly
described species, forest ecology, endangered species, elephants, Elephas maximus, tigers, Panthera tigris, monkeys, Macaca arctoides, Macaca nemestrina, guar, Bos
gaurus, Callosciurus inornatus, Cuan alpinus, Macaca assamensis, Megamuntiacus,
Megamuntiacus vuquangensis, Muntiacus truongsonensis, Mustela strigidorsa, Naemarhedus sumatraensis, Nycticebus pygmaeus, tigers, Pardofelis nebulosa, Pseudoryx nghetinhensis, Pygathrix nemaeus, Semnopithecus laotum, bear, Ursus
thibetanus, Laos.
Gangloff, D.; Smith, Z.;
Crouse, R. The Siberian tiger has
almost vanished from the Russian far east. To survive, it needs habitat--and that means
trees. American Forests. Washington, D.C. Autumn 2000; 106(3): 39-43. ISSN: 0002-8541.
NAL call
no.: 99.8 F762
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica, endangered species, afforestation, wildlife
conservation, tiger forest habitat restoration, Russian far east.
Jnawali, S.R.; Wegge,
P.; Richard, C. (Editor); Basnet, K. (Editor); Sah, J.P. (Editor); Raut, Y. Importance
of tall grasslands in megaherbivore conservation. In:
Grassland Ecology and Management in
Protected Areas of Nepal.
Proceedings of a Workshop, Royal Bardia National Park, Thakurdwara, Bardia,
Nepal, 15-19 March, 1999. Volume 2. Terai Protected Areas. International Centre for Integrated Mountain
Development; Kathmandu; Nepal 2000:
84-91. ISBN: 9291151491.
NAL call
no.: QH193.N4G73 2000
Descriptors: Panthera tigris tigris, tigers, Elephas
maximus, elephant, Cervus, Bubalus bubalis, buffalo, Cervus porcinus, buffalo, Rhinoceros
unicornis, rhinos, Cervus
duvauceli, deer, Camprolagus hispidus, Axis porcinus,
grasslands management, floodplains, wild animals effects of selective grazing,
woody plants and weeds, scrub control, nature conservation, Nepal.
Kirilyuk, Vadim;
Puzansky, Valery N. The Amur tiger
makes a surprise reappearance. Russian Conservation News. 2000 Summer; 23: 22-23. ISSN: 1026-6380.
Descriptors: Amur tigers, Panthera tigris altaica,
sightings, endangered species, possible re-appearance in previous habitat, Chita Oblast,
Russia.
Matthiessen, Peter. Tigers in the Snow. 1st ed. North Point Press; New York. 2000.
185 pp., ill. (some col.), col. map.
ISBN: 0865475768.
NAL call
no.: QL737.C23M28 2000
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris tigris,
endangered species, wildlife conservation, habitat loss, Russia Federation
Russian Far East.
Miquelle, Dale. Counting tigers in the Russian Far East: 'How many are there?' versus 'Is there a
change?' Russian Conservation
News. 2000 Summer; 23: 26-27. ISSN: 1026-6380.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera tigris altaica, population
changes, methods for assessing population levels, Primorskii Krai, Sikhote Alin
Zapovednik, Russia.
Pope, C.E. Embryo technology in conservation efforts
for endangered felids. Theriogenology. New
York, N.Y. Jan 1, 2000; 53(1): 163-174. ISSN: 0093-691X. Note:
Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the International Embryo
Transfer Society, January 9-11, 2000, Maastricht,
the Netherlands.
NAL call
no.: QP251.A1T5
Descriptors: domestic cat model, tiger, Panthera tigris,
Indian desert cat, Felis sylvestris ornata, endangered cats, Felidae,
oocytes, in vitro fertilization, embryo culture, embryo transfer,
cryopreservation, assisted reproduction techniques, captive breeding program,
literature reviews.
Abstract: Most of the 36 species of wild cats are
classified as threatened, vulnerable or endangered due to poaching and habitat
loss. The important role of assisted
reproduction techniques (ART) as part of a multifaceted captive breeding
program for selected wild cat species is gradually gaining acceptance. This recognition is a result of the progress
made during the last decade in which the feasibility of oocyte recovery from
gonadotropin-treated females, in vitro fertilization, embryo cryopreservation
and embryo transfer (ET) was demonstrated in the domestic cat (Felis catus).
Additionally, embryos have been produced
in vitro from oocytes matured in vitro after recovery from ex situ ovaries of
both domestic and non-domestic cat species and domestic kittens have been born
following transfer of these embryos. In
vitro fertilization has been successful in at least one-third of wild cat
species and kittens were born after transfer of Indian desert cat (Felis
sylvestris ornata) embryos into a domestic cat and con-specific transfer of
tiger (Panthera tigris) embryos. The
domestic cat is not only a valuable model for development of in vitro
techniques but may serve as a recipient of embryos from several species of
small wild cats.
Salkin [Salkina?],
Galina P. In the Russian Far East, fewer ungulates ominous sign for Siberian
tiger. Russian Conservation News. 2000 Summer; 23: 24-25. ISSN:
1026-6380.
Descriptors: tigers, Panthera
tigris,
