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10/31/2007
WIC Learning Online
WIC Learning Online > Support Center > References: Communicating with Low Literacy Audiences

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Communicating with Low Literacy Audiences
References
Books
Doak, C., Doak, L.G., Root, J.H. Teaching Patients with Low Literacy Skills. Philadelphia, PA: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1996. 212 pp.   
National Cancer Institute. Clear & Simple: Developing Effective Print Materials for Low-Literate Readers. NIH Publication No. 95-3594. 1994. 61 pp.
Nitzke, S., Shaw, A., Pingree, S., et al. Writing for Reading: A Guide for Developing Print Materials in Nutrition for Low Literacy Adults. University of Wisconsin Extension.
Osborne, H. Overcoming Communication Barriers in Patient Education.  Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc., 2001. 65 pp.
Shield, J., Mullen, M.C. Developing Health Education Materials for Special Audiences: Low Literate Adults. Chicago, IL: American Dietetic Association. Audiocassette, workbook, and pamphlet. 1992.
Articles
Fry, E. "Readability Formula that Saves Time." Journal of Reading, 11(7): 512-516, 575-578. 1986.
McLaughlin, H.G. "Smog Grading: A New Readability Formula." Journal of Reading, 12(8): 639-646. 1969.
Internet Resources
The Food Stamp Nutrition Connection's Health Literacy Links
Description: Provides statistics, reports, and general information regarding health literacy.
Health Care Provider/Health Educator Resources
Description: A list of web sites geared for professionals who want to learn about or address the issue of health literacy.
National Institute for Literacy
Description: The National Institute for Literacy encourages the development and provision of high quality adult education and literacy services.
Readability and Reading Tests
University of Virginia Health Systems (no longer available online)
Description: This site provides methods used to measure the readability of a document.
The Smog Readability Formula
Description: The Smog Readability Formula is a method one can use to determine the reading level of written materials.
Substitute Word List
Description: This site presents a list of words that are commonly found in health care literature, and provides a substitute word instead of the technical word which will lower the readability level of material.
WIC Works Learning Center's Nutrition Education, Counseling, Materials and Evaluation. WIC Works Resource System.
Description: This site provides guidelines for developing education materials.

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