1 15 3 https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/files/original/94128018f3c5e80d2ee47f4f887143ca.pdf ade86b65f48332434bc463b69b80c050 PDF Text Text Item ID Number: Author Corporate Author 00100 Crews, Richard C. Environics and human Factors Office, Air Force Armament Laboratory, Eglin AFB, Florida RODOrt/ArtlClO TltlO Species Diversity Indices of the Fish Populations of Streams Draining Selected Test Areas on Eglin Air Force Base Reservation, Florida Journal/Book Title Year 1976 Month/Day December Color Number of Images 5; Project No. 5066; Task No. 01; Work Unit No. 001; Report No. AFATL-TR-76-145 Friday, December 08, 2000 Page 100 of 106 �<~ Crews, R. c., 1976 AFATL-TR-76-145 Species Diversity indices of the SPECIES DIVERSITY INDICES OF THE FISH POPULATIONS OF STREAMS DRAINING SELECTED TEST AREAS ON EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE RESERVATION, FLORIDA ENVIRONICS AND HUMAN FACTORS OFFICE DECEMBER 1976 FINAL REPORT: MAY TO JULY 1976 AIR FORCE ARMAMENT L A B O R A T O R Y AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND • UNITED S T A T E S AIR FORCE EGLIN AIR F O R C E BASE, FLORIDA �UNCLASSIFIED S E C U R I T v CL • S S ' f l C A T I O N OF FHI* t fV,;, Tl INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE COMPLETING FORM '-, C A T A L O G N U M B E R REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE I. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. AFATL-TR-76-145 4. TITLE fmd Xt S. T ' i F E OF KE.PGKT & PERIOD COVERED SPECIES DIVERSITY INDICES 01- Tllfi FISH POPULATIONS OF STREAMS DRAININC- S'fLECTF.D TEST AREAS ON KGLTN AIR FORCE BASE RESERVATION, FLORIDA 7 AIJThORf's) Final Report - May to July 1976 F Pt'Rf-ORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER 'fl " COKii R A C T OR GRANT NUMBERCtj" Richard C. Crews 9 in PPOGPAM ELRMEMT. PROJECT TASK PER "ORMING O R G A N I Z A T I O N NAMF AND AODRF.SS APF/l « WORK UNIT NUMBERS Ilnvironics and Human Factors Office Air Force Armament Laboratory Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 32542 Project No. Task No. Work Unit No. 1 I. C O N T R O L L I N G OFFICE NAME AND 12. R E P O R T DA TE Air Force Armament Laboratory Armament Development and Test Center Eglin Air Force Paso, Florida 32542 14 5066 01 001 Dccembcr 1976 13 NUMBER OF PAGES 15 S E C U R I T Y CLASS, (ol this trpnrt) 50 MONITORING A G F N C Y NAMC ft "VDORESSdV i l l f t r r e n t from Controlling Oflirf) UNCLASSIFIED I5n DECLASSIFICATION SCHEDULE DOWNGRADING 16. DISTRIBUTION ST A TEMEN T (ill this Rrpart) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 17. DISTRIBUTION S T A T E M E N T (nf (he nhxtract xntfrfd In Rlork 20, If different trow Repor'l IB. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Available in DDC. 19. KEY WORDS (Continue on rf versa sjrfe If nrcefaarv and Irlfintlfv bv blt>rk numbct) Species Diversity Indices Fish Populations Eglin AI-'B Selected Test Areas Eglin AFD Selected Test Area Streams 20 Aquatic Baseline Data A B S T R A C T (Continue on rnvrrsf airtr If nacea<;Hry and Identify hy block numh^r) A baseline study of fishes was conducted in streams draining various test ranges currently used for testing and evaluation of conventional munitions. The purpose of the effort was to determine a species diversity index for each of the streams to be used for comparison data in future studies and for use in environmental documentation. Twenty-three species of fishes and one lamprey species were collected or observed. All specimens were preserved fexcept Etheostoma okaloosac Fowler) and catalogued for placement in the Air Force DD 1473 EDITION OF 1 NOV 65 |S OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED �UNCLASSIFIED 5 E C J R I T > C L A S S I F I C A T I O N OF T H I S PAGEflWien Data Entered) (Item 2Q concluded) Armament Laboratory's fish reference collection. I^any streams sampled serve as the habitat for an endangered species, the Okaloosa darter (Etheostoma _oka_loosae Fowler). One hundred and f i fi ecn specimens of the Okaloosa darter were observed and released unharmed. UNCLASSllMl-l) SI ' " i p H I T v <~l_ A S S I F i r « T "»N r*'" T H I S PAr.F'K" •> �PREFACE This technical report discusses a portion of the work performed at the Air force Armament Laboratory, Armament Development and Test Center, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, under Exploratory Development Project 50660101 during the period May 1970 to July 1976. The sources and manufacturers of materials and equipment used in this study arc identified for reference onJy and do not constitute endorsement of the companies or products by the United States Air Force. This report lias been reviewed by the Information Officer (TO) and is relcasable to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). At NTIS it will be available to the general public, including foreign nationals. This technical report has been reviewed and is approved for publication. FOR THE COMMANDER: A. FARMER Chief, Environics and Human Factors Office i (The reverse of this page is blank) ��TABLli OI: CONTENTS Section I IT III Page Title 1 INTRODUCTION MATF.RIALS AND METHODS .. 2 28 DISCUSSION 31 REFERENCES TV RESULTS 33 OBSERVED NUMBER OF FISH BY LOCATION. 35 Appendix A 111 �LIST OI: HOJRLS Figure 1 Title Collection Station Sl-'-l, Unnamed Tributary of Rocky Creek. . I'agc 2 Collection Station Sl -2, Unnamed Tributary of Rocky Creek. . 3 4 3 Collection Station SF-3, Rocky Creek 5 4 5 Collection Station SF-d, Open Branch 6 Collection Station SF-5A, Fast Rocky Creek 7 6 Collection Station SF-5B, liast Rockv Creek 8 7 Collection Station SF-6, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek . . . , 9 Collection Station SF-7, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek 10 8 ; Collection Station SF-6, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek Collection Station SF-9, Mattress Branch 12 ColJection Station SF-10, Unnamed Tributary of liast Rocky Creek 13 12 Collection Station 5F-1L, Middle Creek 14 13 Collection Station SF-12, Basin Creek 15 14 Collection Station SF-1.5, Trout Creek 16 15 Collection Station SP-14, Mullet Creek 17 9 10 11 : r Jl 16 Collection Station .SI -l. >, Long Creek 18 17 Collection Station SF-16, Hickory Branch 19 7 18 Collection Station SF-1 , Schoolhousc Branch 20 19 Collection Station SI-'-18, Unnamed Tributary of Turtle Creek. 21 20 Collection Stati.on SF-1 9, Turtle Creek 22 21 22 Collection Station SF-20, Indigo Creek 23 Collection Station SK-2!A, Liveoak Creek 24 23 Collection Station SF-21B, Liveoak Creek 25 24 Collection Station SF-22, Bull Creek 26 25 Collection Station SF-23, Ramor Creek 27 .IV �LIST OF TABLES Table 1 2 Title Page Mean Species Diversity Indices (d) for Each Collection Station 29 Fish Species Observed During Study 30 v (The reverse of this paj>e is blank) ��SECT TON I INTRODUCTION Since November 1974, Air Force Armament Laboratory (AFATL) personnel have been engaged in an effort to establish the existing site characteristics for the following Eglin AFB Test areas: TA B-70, TA B-71, TA C-64, TA C-64A, TA C-74, TA C-74L, TA C-72, TA C-52N, TA C-52C, and TA C-52A. These test areas are utilized for the testing of conventional munitions. This effort was initiated to meet the Council of Environmental Quality (CEOJ guidelines and Air Force regulation requirements to establish the existing site characteristics of these tesx: areas for environmental documentation. Many streams originate on, flow through, or otherwise drain these test areas; therefore, an essential component of any site description is aquatic baseline data. For this reason, the study reported here was conducted. Ideally, the aquatic baseline would have encompassed both the aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates, but the lack of qualified personnel limited the study to the ichthyofauns.. The aquatic baseline study was to be accomplished on a four-season basis, but the time required to accomplish the overall program and the other scheduled activities of AFATL personnel restricted the study to the winter and summer seasons. The winter study was conducted during November and December 1975, and the data were published in AFATL-TR76-4 (Reference 1). The approach to this study was to establish the species diversity indices of streams draining the tost areas previously mentioned, for use in comparing the resulting species diversity indices of future studies on the same test areas. For locations and descriptions of these test areas and sampling stations, refer to AFATL-TR-76-4. All identification of species was done by personnel of the Environmental Research Facility. All specimens were preserved (except Etheostoma okaJoosae Fowler) and catalogued and will remain at the Environmental Research Facility, Building 574, as a permanent reference collection of these test areas. �SliCTTON 1 I MATERIALS AND METHODS A diversity index study of the fish populations of streams draining various test areas within the Eglin AFB Reservation was conducted from May to July 1976. Sampling stations were the same as those used in an earlier baseline study conducted during November and December 1975 (Reference 1), except for stations If) and 23 which were changed to alternate sites because of the ease of accessibility of the new sites and the increased fish popu..ation. The times scheduled for collection of specimens were dictated by range accessibility due to mission requirements and the other scheduled activities of AFATL personnel. T'ish populations of the streams were sampled with a small mesh seine, and all specimens (except [jthcpstpma okaloosae Fowler) were fixed in 10 percent formalin immediately after capture, held in tap water for 24 hours, and preserved in 40 percent isopropanol. All specimens were Identified to genus and species (References 2 and 3) and catalogued for placement in the APATL fish reference collection. I'hotographs of each sairpling station were taken for use in environmental documentation and for use as a basis of comparing stream conditions during future studies (Figures 1 to 25). During this study, many of the streams sampled were within the territory of the Okaloosa darter (Etheostoma okaloosae Fowler), ;m endangered species. All Okaloosa darter specimens were identified in the field and returned to the stream. Kxtrcme caution was used to avoid Injury to the specimens and to minimize habitat disruption. The mean species diversity (d) indices were determined by the formula presented by Lloyd, Zar, and Karr: where C is 3.321928 (converts base 10 log to base 2), N is the total number of individuals, of individuals and n. is the total number of individuals in the j t h species (Reference 4 ) . �s r *£ M« w>*. * 4 p ^ */ « i !JS <, V !>1j|L •« v 04 ^ 1 •t .ii » ^ * ; t i* i ', 1 , * I ; >s '(.t °va :* C Wm s• * S if: ^'f "*:, *» 1" £. ^-^j^Wi-^ ^'"-- i iv X*-- -* nf.xji<^ Figure 1. Collection Station SF-1, Unnamed Tributary of Rocky Creek �Sa&W&iSS '}"fi&-*' ,rSj ''^'^S^WSK^'iSSKff11* ,*„•„". 4fJf v ms^wSsri^i*1'',. iKffffl kM'11,' MiV'S^ J:P^'-'J» ^WW i . *!•« .*" . ,„ , T'-^W* T^"E«.' ™V* , -s»i^ •fl..WrM%'Sfc.A1i1«^i :Vvi'>1lK3*' . K a i l * '.."?» w^-.., • '. ;f - **w*au • ..^-;,r 'j^sS^^.^'-i* Figure 2. Collection Station SF-2, Unnamed Tributary of Rocky Creek �l/i ^ >*,-<: %>. wf ^sf-^aii^t^*:^ »*->** J?*V s. ^ Figure 3. Collection Station SF-3, Rocky Creek "- " ^ » * �^'rithg'" fs * 4«< 8'S"* V. J8 * ** - h /, H,^^' "^ j;'*S^''i S1-!fl i1™'H^jtS^i*1^''1* ^•;,*:^4a|/i>V.to/^ )< :•'•W&>3& *&."y^^^fe^xfe," '.^l^feM^^e^ ^^^'ll^' Figure 4. Collection Station SF-4, Open Branch �£%;v -V x^'v^r^-, »*• W&3&' Figure 5. Collection Station SF-5A, East Rocky Creek �00 111 ' "' " , ' / ' • ' ' Vj.sJfr** S'i.Uy+ * "t V',,VA, iS^ua^^.iii.iSi*!! Figure 6. Collection Station SF-5B, East Rocky Creek �Figure 7. Collection Station SF-6, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek �;•',,•;,;.; ,'"' '•"., ' ''•''', , !.H'^ ' "I ;• ;;.; ,/••*,#•,••< . •" • ''' '. V,,'-" ''**«1, ,','*"• . | •"„,','" i'Wj' & ' " .'J ' i AV•;':•••"•:'. > ,?<:/* : : ^ ^ ': *;t,'':^ ^ v ; Figure 8. Collection Station SF-7, Unnamed Tributary of Little Ala^ua Creek �" ••:i.AV-,'SiwS*JI ,- '^ „ „ " * , . ' ™. .* f •f ;•%& Figure 9. Collection Station SF-8, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek �9* c i*&," * V "5 Y "WF8T * * n*s? , J.LJ*Sg' « fc ,*- ' ^%^^ * Sk* BEsrsasasssi ' ' • - ' Figure 10. Collection Station SF-9, Mattress Branch �Figure 11. Collection Station SF-10, Unnamed Tributary of East Rocky Creek �Figure 12. Collection Station SF-11, Middle Creek �Figure 13. Collection Station SF-12, Basin Creek �Figure 14. Collection Station SF-13, Trout Creek �Figure 15. Collection Station SF-14, Mullet Creek �fc. •* ..... m>- - • •- ;•...? : ."iTH:* , "•>'"*,'>. ,tl!H 00 , ^ ' ' & - / " V W i ^ ' ' v' J'1" "" y:>^ ,, ' „:/:""" ! ..',,,,'l;'""":^,¥, , A ?"'%^?^' /,-!":<.''.^" • :: ""^'^v^^ Figure 16. Collection Station SF-15, Long Creek �Figure 17. Collection Station SF-16, Hickory Branch �m *,i * *' !&ij w UM..& V i -SiiMS^: LJJ. .ui!w NJ o • ' Figure 18. Collection Station SF-17, Schoolhouse Branch ' * �' «'' > ' * V „ **; ;•' .• £A ,V\ . '.,***;:f >> *'!"; f ' . ;,*"« >", *'! ','Sr |. "'**'. r ..-*n|™. * , - ,? ^ , . i- ^ ;•• ' ^ >. * . , . .• • VR^: , ,. «, -yr >" >- :• v^ i " ,, •'^,-!r"1""«:r - -'• ~ '• , ~ IT ^ r t.1 i' jsit-^' • . H-^rrp^ •—'JHfes'tT "* «%^ Figure 19. Collection Station SF-18, Unnamed Tributary of Turtle Creek �i< ^ - ^M *i&*\!t^ S5**|!f Figure 20. Collection Station SF-19, Turtle Creek �V^ 1 • \/''''\''\ 'i /^'i.vi^lhal^ .'<.••> . . " • ' , ,, ;, , , ' ': % . s ^ ^v;,'^«^ 7.,, 'L : "t.Ji, V.H , ^'a, :>" ,r"|; ' ' ', ^ ^ ' ^ *'• >'* 'V'^-V^i?P5 ' '•; ,.•'• : ' " , r$" :V< ' ' '"'& /A • L """ , '<'.},, . I 1 ' ' (*' ,() , '^ ^ %^N, ,hf i*& m^m^^^^^^\^ ''$$% '•^^i^'^iiij^ ''"'^f^ "' . ' . ' '"fl l',.,| " l 1 '^ ' '^' :,', Figure 21. Collection Station SF-20, Indigo Creek �Figure 22. Collection Station SF-21A, Liveoak Creek �i^v, ,.>.«-'; ." >v, .v.B-'iV ' ,*fr.» .••>. i ^^Jdf^'4-x*, ,1.*.jsJK-:«jj#**.%%..j*; !••€*-"• • » *^^£^ » , ^ l ;i> i S , , ' ^ v i NJ C. : ^ ' ^ *>>'"•'*$*« '¥• *• •'• '=' *i* ?>^;^T^|7.™-'!-» " v •:Pf»3 >-''"$faim& Figure 23. Collection Station SF-21B, Liveoak Creek �• ^ i i f M e i jk*^33E*:l? Figure 24. Collection Station SF-22, Bull Creek �Figure 25. Collection Station SF-23, Ramer Creek �SECTION III RESULTS The resulting diversity indices for the fish species collected during this study are given in Table 1. No comparisons between the previous winter studies (Reference 1) and these summer studies were made because of the difficulties in interpreting extraneous variables such as the high water conditions of the streams due to heavy rainfall during the winter months of 1975 and the resulting differences in physical and chemical characteristics among the various streams. Twenty-three species of fishes and one lamprey species were collected or observed during this study (Table 2). One of the fish species, the Okaloosa darter (Etheostoma okaloosae Fowler), is on the endangered list. One hundred und fifteen Okaloosa darters were observed in the field, and all specimens were released unharmed. The sailfin shiner (Notropis hypselopterus Gunter) was the most abundant species encountered. Also, the mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis Baird and Girg.rd), blackbanded darter (Percina nigrofasciata Agassiz), brown darter (Etheostoma edwini Hubbs and Cannon), speckled madtom (Noturus leptacanthus Jordan), and spotted sunfish (Lepomis punctatus Valenciennes) were abundant in most of the streams studied. A list of species collected from each station is given in Appendix A. 28 �TABLL: 1 . Ml: AN SPI-CTI-S DIVI-RSITY I N D f C I i S fd) l-'OR I:ACII COLLECT TON STATION COLLI-CTION STATION d S l ; - l , Unnamed T r i b u t a r y of Rocky Creek 2.72-1 SI : -2, Unnamed Trib.itary of Rocky Crook 1.981 SF-3, Rocky Crock 1.685 ; Sl -4, Open Branch 1.884 SF-5A, r;yst Rocky Creek 2.019 ; SI -513, Last Rocky Creek 1.423 SI : -6, Unnamed Tributary of Little A1 aqua Creek 0.530 SI-'-7, UunamcJ 1'riiiutary of Little Alaqua Creek 0.875 SF-8, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek 1.544 SF-9, Mattress Branch 1.55.3 1 SI- -10, Unnamed T r i b u t a r y of Last Rocky Creek 1.969 Sr-11, M i d d l e Creek 1.803 SF-12, Basin Creek 1.932 Sr-13, Trout Creek 1.884 ; SI -14, M u l l e t Creek 0.403 SF-15, Long Creek 1.604 SF-16, Hickory Branch 1.846 SF-17, Schoolhouse Branch 1.910 : SI -18, Unnamed Tributary of Turtle Creek SF-19, T u r t l e Creek 1.174 1.845 ; SI -20, Indigo Creek 2.386 SF-21A, Liveoak Creek 1.608 S1 ; -21B, Liveoak Creek 2.401 SF-22, Hull Creek 2.839 SF-23, Ramcr Creek 0.774 29 �MSI! S I M i C l l i S OBSr.KVr.D D U R I N G STUDY TABU' S c i e n t i f i c Name Connnon Name 1. Amhlopl itcs runes t r i _ s (Rafincsquc) 2. A£lirodqd«;rii.s_ sa^anus -•>. U_as_soiiia ex^e rjg_l_a dej •1. ]Ukis_soina zonatum (JoTtlon) Banded pygmy s u n f i s h :;. jirjjnyzon succcta t'l,ac(:pe s de') Creek c h u h s u c k c p 6. liriniy/on t_crmis (Ap.nss i ? ) S h a r p f i n chuhsuckor 7. l-.sox amcricanus (iJnie in.) Ucdl'in [)c-ckcr-el rf. Ijthoostoma o c l w m i •'• l[t_li£ostoma okaloosiic ((111 l i a m s ) (Jordon) (llul)h.s t, C;innon) (l:owlor) sp. Uock bass I ' i r a f e perch live PR lades pv»my sun f i s h Drown d a r t e r Okaloosa darter Oranj>«strip(! darter- 1(). l]tli_costonui (llloccn_lra i 11. l ; undujiis nptti 12. (^ambi£Si_a al'flr^is L.'5. [chtliyomyzoii g£«cj_ M. l_c_t_aj_urus ii_a_ta_L i_s (l.i'Sucur) Ye I low b u l I h c a d 15. l,cjiom_i_s_ p_uiicta_tus (Valenciennes) Spoil e<l s u n f i s l i 10. Microptcrus s;j_liiioLdcs 17. MLnytToina nu;l;mo])s 18. Notroj)ls ha_rpori 10. NotrojM_s loJ.'scJoj)tc_nj;-L 20. ^o^roi''s sjjjpil'innjs Jl. Nqtrajiis_ t_exanus fCirard) Weed s h i n e r 22. Nouirus funchris ( l i i l h e r t d Swain) B l a c k madtorn 23. Notiiru^s l_e[)tacantlu.i£ 24. Percina nigrofasclata (Ajjassiz) ( B a i r d 11 ( l i r a r d j ( l l u h h s d Tr;uitni;ui) fl.acopede) (llafiiies(|uei (I-'ov.'lor) (dunthcr) (Itailuy d Suttkus) (.Jor-Jon) (Agassiz) Si a rhead topminnow Mosquitofish Southern brook lamprey Lnrgcniouth bass Spotted sucker Kedcyc sliiner Sa i 1 f i n sli iner (•'lagt'in shiner S[)cckled madtom Blackbanded darter �SECTION IV DISCUSSION During this study the water level of the creeks was low. This was quite different from water conditions during a similar study clone in November and December 1975 (Reference I) when the water level was very high because of heavy rainfall during the last half of that year. The creeks had returned to or were below normal level at the time this survey was initiated which could possibly account for the large increase in the number of species collected. During this study 115 Okaloosa darters were observed and released. The Oknloosa darter was placed on the list of endangered species in 1973 because of the concern over possible habitat disruption and apparent competition from the brown darter (Etheostoma edwini, Ilubbs and Cannon). The Okaloosa darter is endemic to Okaioosa and Walton counties, and its known range is limited to six streams surrounding Valparaiso and Niccville, Florida, which drain into Toms, Boggy, and Kocky Bayous. The majority of the range of the Okaloosa darter is located on the Egl.in Reservation except for a small amount of privately owned acreage in the Valparaiso and Niceville areas. Most of the range of the Okaloosa darter at Eglin is undeveloped with the exception of a few cleared test areas (TA C-74, TA C-74L, and TA C-72) and a few bridges scattered over various range roads. Even in the test areas which have been cleared of vegetation, the Okaloosa darter appears to be doing well and has been observed in large numbers. Many range roads crossing Okaloosa darter streams have raised culverts overlaid with clay, and in many instances this produces back water causing small impoundments. These small impounded areas have a reduced water flow, but many Okaloosa darters nave been observed from around the culverts of these areas. The most serious problem facing the Okaloosa darter on the Eglin Reservation appears to be competition from its closest relative, the brown darter. In recent years the brown darter has invaded the territory of the Okaloosa darter on Rocky and Swift Creeks. Dr. Mettee (Reference 5) stated that the brown and Okaloosa darters could be ecological equivalents, and the competition and possible hybridization could be detrimental to the Okaloosa darter. Observations during this and other recent field studies indicate that a reduction in the ratio of Okaloosa darters to brown darters may occur when an Okaloosa darter territory is invaded by brown darters. During this study the only brown darter collections in the territory of the Okaloosa darter were on Hickory Branch. Collections on Hickory Branch during November 1975 (Reference 1) produced 5 Okaloosa darters and 3 brown darters while collections during this study produced 9 Okaloosa darters and 23 brown darters. It has been postulated (Refercnc3 6) that, given a situation where only a limited amount of preferred habitat is available to both species, one species might outcompcte the other due to shortage of food or space, or a combination of both. This might provide the explanation for the population reversal mentioned above since Hickory Branch provides a very limited area of habitat suitable for either of these species. 31 �During the November study (Reference 1), one brown darter was collected from station SF-2 which is very close to the headwaters of Rocky Creek. Repeated collections in this same area have failed to produce any other specimens of brown darter. This single collection of the brown darter is the only specimen which has been taken above range road 201 on Rocky Creek. The next closest collection of the brown darter was obtained from an area on Rocky Creek between range roads 200 and 201. On Rocky Creek there are a few road beds with raised culverts, causing small impoundments, which may prevent a further northward invasion of the brown darter on Rocky Creek. Work is currently being done to monitor the streams invaded by the brown darter to evaluate the apparent threat to the continued existence of the Okaloosa darter. Also, study areas have been identified by the Okaloosa Darter Recovery Team for determination of the population densities, critical macro- and microhabitat, life history, and effective land management techniques to insure the continued existence of the Okaloosa darter on the Tiglln Reservation. 32 �RF.Fl-RHNCbS 1. Crews, R. C. , Aqua rjjc_ Baseline Survey of Selected Test Areas on lifilin Air Force Base Reservation, Florida, AFATL-TR-7(>-'1, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, January f97.r>. 2. Smith-Vaniz, William I;. , Freshwater Fishes oF Alabama, Auburn University Agricultural F.xperiment Station, October 1968. 3. Carr, A., ct al, Guide to the Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes oF Florida, University of Florida Press, 1959. 4. Lloyd, M., et al, On the Calculation of Information-Theoretical Measures of Diversity.' Am. Mid. Nat. 79(2)=257-272, 1968. 5. Status Report on the Okaloosa Darter,an Endangered Native Fish, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Technical Assistance, Region 4, Atlanta, CA, September j.974. 6. Mettcc, M. F,, Yerger, R. W., and Crittenden, I!., A Status Report on the Okaloosa Darter in Northwest Florida, Southeastern Fishes Council Proceeding, Vol I No. 2, August 1976. 33 (Tlio reverse1 ol : Vliis prige js blisuk) ��APPENDIX A OBSERVED NUMBER OF FISH BY STATION Collection Station Number Collected Scientific Name 2 Rock bass Ambloplites rupestris 4 Pirate perch Aphredoderus sayanus 26 Okaloosa darter Etheostoma okaloosae 52 Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 11 Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei 14 Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus 3 Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides 51 Sailfin shiner NotropisHlypselopterus 19 SF-1, Rocky Creek Common Name Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus Blackbanded darter Percina nigrofasciata Okaloosa Etheostoma okaloosae 7 SF-2, Unnamed Tributary of Rocky Creek 19 darter t*~~ *--• Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 2 Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus 2 Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides 15 Sailfin shiner Notropis hypselopterus 1 SF-3, Rocky Creek 7 Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus 1 Rock bass Ambloplites rupestris 8 Okaloosa darter Etheostoma okaloosae Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 1 Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei 3 Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus Sailfin shiner Notropis hypselopterus 19 110 35 �CoJIcct ion St.-it ion Number Co Lice r et[ Sc i cut i f i e Name Speckled madtom N_o_turus lopt£ica_nthu_s 28 sr-.s Common Name l U a c k h a n d c d d.'irter Pe re i na n i n ro fa s c_ia ta 16 Okaloosa d a r t e r rthoostonia okaJ_oos£C 7, (ConcL M) SF-4, Open Branch Mosqui r o l ' i s l i > af i " n is I I Spotted s u n K i s h l.oj)iM|iis p u n c t a t u s _ 10 Sail f i n shiner No r. r<)|> Ls_ hvjise I ont_ery_s Speckled niadtom iNoLurus lejrtacanthus lilackhundcd darter SF-5A, Hast Rocky i.; rock Southern hrook l.nnproy Pev_e_i_na n i g ro (:as c i;i_ta IS Okaloos;.) d a r t e r 38 Mosquito fish (iamlujsia a_i"Fi_nis Spotted sun fish l.eponi_i_s jTimetatu^ .Sail f i n shiner Ni ) t r o p i s hypselop t eru s^ D J a c k niadtom Not.urus hjnehrjjj Speckled madtorn Notimis_ U|£ta_cant[ms Ulackhanded darter Percj.ii a n i g r o C a s c i n t J n^ okaloosac �Collection Stalion Number Collected .Scientific Name 1 Pirate perch Aphredodcrus sayanus 6 Creek chubsucker lirimyzon succcta 1 Okaloosa darter l-ithcostoma okalopsae y Mosquito fish Gambusia at'finis S a i l fin shiner Notropis hypseloptcrus Speckled madt.oin N'oturus leptacanthus Dlackbandcd darter 1'ercina nigrofasciata (Ircek chuhsucker lirimyzon succcta Mostjuitof Lsh (iambusia at'finis Flag f i n sh.incr Notropis signipinnis Mosquitot'ish (lambusia a f f i n i s 9 [•'lagfin shiner Notropis slgnipinnis 1 Black madtorn Noturns funebris 1 sr-31), I last Rocky ("reek Common Name lUackbanded darter 1'crcina nlgrofasciata Rrown darter lithcostoma edwi ni Mosquitofish (iambus La affinis Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei Spotted sunfish Lcpomis punctatus 61 i Sr-6, Unnamed Tributary of Little Alaqua Creek 1 20 1 46 Unnamed Tr i biliary of F.ittlc Aliiqua Creek SF-8, Unnamed Tributary of L i t t l e Alaqua Creek �do 1 L e c t i o n Station Number Collcct_e_d 2\ Sal J f i n sh i n c r No_t.ropj_s hypseloptcrus I 7 lag f i n s h i n e r \^o 1 rop i s s i. g lup i nji i s_ I S[>cckled mad lorn Not u r n s l e p t a c a n r h u s 1 Sf-9, M;u. tress Branch Sc_icnt i £i c _N_ajne_ 56 SI--8 fConcl?d) (ioininon Name Blackbandcd d a r t e r 1'orc i n--i ru .i^ro Case J ala 1 Kedf.iii p i c k e r e l americanus Okiiloosa d a r t e r l-.theosl oma t)kj£loosaj; (lambusKi i H T i n i s Ve 1 low l)ii I llioad l_crajjiru.s na_t_a_l is Sal ll'i n s h i n e r Nol rop_i s hypsc I optcrus B l a c k madtom Not imis I'uncbr i s Speckled iimdtom Not wcu s I_c [) t a£_a_nt hus Blackbandod d a r t e r £crcin;i nlgrofasoata Oka Loo. sa darter litheostoma oka_lo_os_a_e Mosquitof i s h llamhusjjj a_f_Lj nj s Spotted sun Pish I .cpoin i^ [)imc t a t u s 32 Sail f i n s h i n e r No_tropLs li>f^s£_lojitc^rus (> l ; ]a.L',fin s h i n e r 2. Speckled madtoni sr-io, Unnamed T r i b u t iiry of 1-ar.l Kocky ('rock 10 SI'-11 , MiJdle ('.reck U l a c k h a n d e d darter 13 Mosqui I of ish 1 Southern brook lump rev- i s s i j n i ) i nn is Npturus _l_c])t;ican_t|iuj;_ ia ni;..;rol'asc.iala is^i;i_ a_fl'inls J_c]iUijono^on_ gageJ Spot ted s u n f i s h Sail f i n shiner Not.£<)pis_ [iy]Tse_l_optcrus �Col lection ' ' Number Collected Common Name Scj^ntjJfic Name Speckled madtom Noturus loptacanthus Illackban-Jcd darter Percina nigrofasciata 1 Pirate perch Aphrcdoderus sayanus 20 Brown darter litheostoma cdwini 17 Mosquitof'ish Gamhusia affinis Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagci J3 Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus 120 Sailfin shiner NotropLs hypsclopterus 3 Weed shiner Notropis tcxanus 3 Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus Blackbanded darter Perc.ina nigrofasciata 1 Pirate perch Aphredodcrus sayanus 1 livcrfjladcs pygmy sunfish Kl_assoma evergladei 17 Brown darter litheostoma edwini. 44 MosquitofLsh (iambus ia a (-'Finis Spotted sunfish l.epomis punctatus Sai If in shiner Notropis hypsclopterus Black madtom Noturus funebris Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus 7 (Concl 'd) 15 Ra.s i n Crock 2. 17 '['rout. Crock 2 81 1 If) 39 �C o l l e c t ion Station Number Collected Scicntjjfic Name P i r a t e percli Aphrcdoderus sayanus Brown d a r t e r 1 ithcostoma edw i n i Moscniitof isli Uinibu_s_i_a_ a_f_f i n i s Spotted s u n f i s h l.epomls punc_tatus Sailfin shiner \olrop i s livjKsclopterus Speckled m u d t u m Not_u_rus L e p t a c a n t h u s Okaloosa darter sr-u, Mu Hot ("rock Common Name l : theostoina o k a l o o s a e Mosquito i'i sli (iambus La a f f i n i s Southern brook lamprey I c h t h y o m y z o n (ia Sai I t'in s h i n e r No^T'op i s hypscLup torus 1.0 111', Crock 2$ i 4-1 I Uedeyo s h i n e r I Speckled madtorn Np_turiis Icptacanthus 3 lUnckhandcd darter 1'ercina n i ^ r o f a s c i a t a sr-i6, I'i rate perch Aphrcdoderus sayanus Hickory Branch llodfin [ ) i c k u r c l l:so_x a m e r i o u n u s Hrown darter I.Lhcostoina edw i n i Okaloosu darter l.theostoma oka_loosac Mosquito f i s h Ci^ainbus ia afl'jni^ 8 Southern brook Jainprey Ichthyomyzoi •> Spotted s u n f i s h l.epomis p_un£t^iLus_ 1 l.ari>emouth bass M L crop t cms saimuidcs 1 Spotted s u c k e r M i n yt_r em a me 1 u n oji s 1 Redeye s h i n e r Notropis harpe_ri S a i l f i n shiner Notropis hypselopterus 23 i) 37 161 �Collection Station Number Collected Scientific Name 5 Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus 2 Blackbanded darter Percina nigrofasciata 2 Redfin pickerel •"** Esox americanus 9 Okaloosa darter Etheostoma okaloosae 3 Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 1 Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus 3 Spotted sucker Minytrema melanops 100 Sailfin shiner Notropis hypselopterus 14 Flagfin shiner Notropis signipinnis 1 Black madtom Noturus funebris 4 Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus 28 Blackbanded darter Percina nigrofasciata 2 Starhead topminnow Fundulus notti Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 1 Yellow bullhead Ictalurus natalis 7 SF-16 Common Name Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus 4 - Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 1 Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei 21 Sailfin shiner Notropis hypselopterus 52 Flagfin shiner Notropis signipinnis 1 Black madtom Noturus funebris 4 Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus (Concl'd) SF-17, Schoolhouse Branch SF-18, Unnamed Tributary of Turtle Creek SF-19, Turtle Creek 26 41 �Collect ion Station Number Collected Blackhandcd darter PCreina n.ij>ro fas data ttock h;iss Ami) I op 1 i tes Pi rut o perch II .Sc_Lcntj I'i_c N;uiic A]ihredodenis sa\ - £nus Brown il.irVor l_!_Hicost()iiui edwin i ^lo.'jijiii l o F i sh SF-19 Common Name ( iu m h us i a a l: L n i s fConcl'd) SF-20, IndLpo ('reek J8 rupestj Ls Southern brook lamprey Spotted .sunl'ish 1 28 l,£jioinLs jumctatiis lied eye s h i n e r Not_rop i s hjj rper i l:laul:in sliincr j) s sj. £n iji i nn i s 1 Weed slilner N'ojt rop i s t cxaniis 2 H I n e k mud torn Noturus f n n e l i r i s •I Speckled m.idtom Np_tu rus ]_cjit acaji L hus^ lUackb.'indcd darter Pore ma ulnrol'asc i a t a I ' i r a t e perch .\phrcdod_cnis St)yanus_ I'.vcri;lades py^my : ; u n f i s l i l.lassoma evert;ladci Mo s q u i t o f i s li (Iiimhusj a ;i_f firi j_;>_ Black madtoir. Njpturus_ fiine_l)_ri_s S j i c c k l c d :nadtom Noturus l e p t a c a n l bus bl>ickl)cinded darter I'ercina n i p , r o F a s c i a t a 5'J SI:-21A, Livcoak Crook �Collection Station Number Collected Scientific Name 1 Rock bass Ambloplites rupestris 1 Pirate perch Aphredoderus sayanus 3 Everglades pygmy sunfish Elassoma evergladei 3 Sharpfin chubsucker Erimyzon tenuis 7 Brown darter Etheostoma edwini 6 Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 3 Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei 5 SF-21B, Liveoak Creek Common Name Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus Blackbanded darter Percina nigrofasciata 2 Pirate perch Aphredoderus sayanus 5 Banded pygmy sunfish Elassoma zonatum 2 Redfin pickerel Esox americanus Brown darter Etheostoma edwini Orangestripe darter Etheostoma (Ulocentra) sp. Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 2 Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gagei 1 Yellow bullhead Ictalurus natalis 2 Spotted sunfish Lepomis punctatus 10 Flagfin shiner Notropis signipinnis 1 Speckled madtom Noturus leptacanthus 28 SF-22, Bull Creek 12 2 16 43 �Co 1 lect ion Station SF-23, K. liner Creek Number Collected Common Name Sc. iont i fic_Nam« 1 Red Fin pickerel lisox americanus 2 Drown darter lithcostomn cdv^ini 4 Mosquito fish (Iambus i a |i£{_i-_n_i s 2 Southern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon gat;ei riagfni shiner Notropis si g n i p i n n i s Weed s h i n e r Not roj) i s t_exanus 91 �INITIAL DISTRIBUTION DDC 11 AUL (AUL/LSE-70-239) 1 ASD/ENn-A 1 TAWC/TRADOCLO 1 USA!1/SAM I 1 AFATL/DL 1 AFATL/DLOSL 9 Ogden ALC/MMWM 2 AFIS/INTA I Vegetation Control Div (SARIiA-CL-V) 1 I)DR£U'./Tech Lib I HSAFA/DFCBS 1 AFLC (I)S) 1 Deseret Test Con/Tech Lib 1 AFLC/MMNO 1 SAAMA/SFQT 1 Naval Weapons Cen/Tech Lib 1 Nuval Weapons Lab/Tech Lib I US Dept of Agriculture/Pesticide Coord 1 Agricultural Environ Qua I Inst/ARS 1 AFSC/SDW 1 AF/RDP 1 DDU5E(Env f, Life Sciences) 1 SAMUI-A-SA 1 AFSC/DtV 1 AHDC/DEN 1 HA (SAREA-TS-L) Tech Lib L FA (SARF.A-CL-V) 1 CINCPAC (J3AL) 1 USAJ: (Environ Health Lab) 1 NASA Mississippi Test Facility I Univ of West Florida 1 Tall Timbers Research Station 1 US Dept of Agriculture, 1 Forest Service/Eastern Region ADTC/CSV 1 ADTC/DLV 10 NWC Env Eng 1 AMD/RD 1 USA Natick Lab 1 Gulf Breeze EPA 1 AMRL (THE) 1 AI;CEC/EQ 1 Game and Freshwater Fish Com 1 Archbold Biological Station 1 AMRL/TIIT ADTC/DEN ADTC/SGPH 45 (The reverse of this page is blank) ��r ADTC MAIL" v ''C,\ PENALTY \Fot? ~ FE8-4'77?!PR;l-'ATE il c .=33; EGLIN AFB, FLA. 32542 'S.MET£fl j 63*878 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE MOO USAFA/DFCBS USAF Academy CO L J, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 012 Folder The folder containing the original item. 0100 Series The series number of the original item. Series II Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Crews, Richard C. Description An account of the resource <strong>Corporate Author: </strong>Environics and Human Factors Office, Air Force Armament Laboratory, Eglin AFB, Florida Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-12-01 Title A name given to the resource Species Diversity Indices of the Fish Populations of Streams Draining Selected Test Areas on Eglin Air Force Base Reservation, Florida Subject The topic of the resource fish population ecological impact herbicide application https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/files/original/275abcfd372a7b1e38d4fa7926b2e88e.pdf 1c7659960699c17a5e2d0c95facb23e0 PDF Text Text Item D Number 0391 Author Crews, Richard C. ° D (jot Scanned Environics and Human Factors Office, Air Force Armam RBDOrt/ArtlClB Titlfl Aquatic Baseline Survey of Selected Test Areas on Eglin Air Force Base Reservation, Florida, Final Report: November 1975 - December 1975 Journal/Book Title Year Month/Day Color January D Number of Images 26 Descriptor! Notes AFATL-TR-76-4 Friday, January 04, 2002 Page 3910 of 3927 �AFATL-TR-76-4 AQUATIC BASELINE SURVEY OF SELECTED TEST AREAS ON EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE RESERVATION, FLORIDA ENVIRONICS AND HUMAN FACTORS OFFICE J A N U A R Y 1976 FINAL REPORT: NOVEMBER 1975 - DECEMBER 1975 |Appi-Qved; for .public release; distribution- unlimited;] AIR FORCE ARMAMENT L A B O R A T O R Y AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND • UNITED STATES AIR FORCE CO UN Al It" F ORCf*A$ E, FLORIDA �SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Date Entered) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO READ INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE COMPLETING FORM 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER AFATL-TR-76-4 4. TITLE (and Subtitle) 5. TYPE OF REPORT Si PERIOD COVERED AQUATIC BASELINE SURVEY OF SELECTED TEST AREAS ON EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE RESERVATION, FLORIDA Final-November 1975 through December 1975 $. PERFORMING ORO. REPORT NUMBER 8. CONTRACT OR G R A N T NUMBERfsJ 7. AUTHORfsJ Richard C. Crews 9- P E R F O R M I N G O R G A N I Z A T I O N N A M E A N D 10. P R O G R A M ELEMENT, PROJECT, TASK A R E A & WORK UNIT N U M B E R S ADDRESS Environics § Human Factors Office Air Force Armament Laboratory Eglin Air Force Base. Florida 11. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS Air Force Armament Laboratory Armament Development £ Test Center Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 50660101 12. REPORT DATE January 1976 13, NUMBER OF PAGES 14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(/f different trom Controlling Oflice) 25 15. SECURITY CLASS, (of this report) UNCLASSIFIED 15«. DECLASSIFI CATION/ DOWN GRADING SCHEDULE 16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of this Report) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 17. D I S T R I B U T I O N S T A T E M E N T (ol the abstract entered In Block 20, it ditierent from Report) 18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Available in DDC 19. KEY WORDS (Continue on reverse aide II necessary end Identify by block number) Endangered Species Okaloosa Darter (Etheostoma okaloosae) Aquatic Baseline Survey 20. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse side It necessary and Identify by block number) During November and December 1975, a baseline study of fishes was conducted in streams draining various test ranges currently used for testing and evaluation of conventional munitions developed by the Air Force Armament Laboratory (AFATLJ . The purpose of the effort was to establish a species diversity for use in environmental documentation. Seventeen species of fishes and one lamprey species were collected and catalogued. The sailfin shiner CNotrppis hypselopterus Gunther) was the most abundant species encountered. Many streams sampled were found to serve as the habitat for an endangered nn * v f FORM 1 JAN 73 EDITION OF 1 NOV 65 IS OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Date Entered) �UNCLASSIFIED PKr:u»!VY CLASSIFICATION Of THIS PACEfH7i»n Data Bntttad) Item 20 concluded: ipecias, the Okaloosa darter (Etheostoma okalopsae Fowler). Forty-eight Okaloosa darters were identified in the field and released unharmed. As a T result of this study the confirmed range of the Okaloosa darter was extended. Because of the qualitative nature and the brevity of the study, plus the fact that no previous baseline data existed on the streams, no conclusions could be drawn concerning the possibility of changes in the stream ecology as a result of testing or other activities on the Eglin AFB reservation. UNCLASSIFIED • " fif\t.i i-% r? T i i •«• r* * -~ rr/W -« « - » - * - r?nt^fnrt �PREFACE This technical report discusses a portion of the work performed at the Air Force Armament Laboratory, Armament Development and Test Center, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, under Exploratory Development Project 5066 during the period November 1975 through December 1975. The sources and manufacturers of materials and equipment used in this study are identified for reference only and do not constitute endorsement of the companies or products by the United States Air Force. The assistance in collection and identification of specimens during this study by Mr John Williams and Ms Karen Brockman of the University of West Florida, Department of Biology, is gratefully acknowledged. This report has been reviewed by the Information Officer (10) and is releasable to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) . At NTIS it will be available to the general public, including foreign nationals. This technical report has been reviewed and is approved for publication. FOR THE COMMANDER A. FARMER "Chief, Environics and Human Factors Office i (The reverse of this page is blank) �TABLE OF CONTENTS Section I II III IV V Title Page INTRODUCTION 1 LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF TEST RANGES AND SAMPLING STATIONS 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 9 RESULTS 11 DISCUSSION 13 Observed Number of Fish bv Station 15 Appendix A 111 �LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page 1 Test Area B-70 2 Test Area B-71 3 Test Areas C-64 and C-64A 5 4 Test Areas C-74, C-74L and C-72 7 5 Test Area C-52 (N,C,A) 8 3 , 4 LIST OF TABLES e Table Title Page 1 List of Sampling Stations 10 2 Fish Species Observed During Study 12 IV �SECTION I INTRODUCTION The Air Force Armament Laboratory (AFATL) is engaged in research, development, test, and evaluation of conventional munitions. Testing of these munitions is conducted on various ranges located on the Eglin AFB reservation. Prior to initiation of each test, an environmental assessment is conducted and documented to determine the impact of the proposed action. An essential component of any assessment is a description of the test site. To meet the Council of Environmental Quality (CEQ) guidelines and Air Force regulation requirements (Attachment 2, APR 19-2) work is being done by AFATL to establish site characteristics data for the various Eglin AFB test ranges. In view of the large number of streams that originate on and flow through the ranges, a very important aspect of any site'description is the establishment of an aquatic baseline. Of additional importance ls the fact that several of the streams on Eglin serve as the habitat of an endangered species,.the Okaloosa darter (Etheostoma okaloosae Fowler). For these reasons the study reported here was conducted to generate aquatic baseline data for use in evaluating the impact of proposed actions on the environment. The approach to this study was to determine fish species diversity of the streams associated with each of the following ranges: TA B-70, TA B-71 TA C-64, TA C-64A, TA, C-74, TA C-74L, TA C-72, TA C-52N, TA C-52C, and TA C-52A. Twenty-three creeks were sampled at 25 stations located on the various test ranges. The survey was conducted by personnel of the Environmental Research Facility aided by personnel of the University of West Florida, Department of Biology. Specimens collected were preserved and catalogued and will remain at the Environmental Research Facility, Building 574, as a permanent reference collection of these test ranges. �SECTION II LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF TEST RANGES AND SAMPLING STATIONS Following are descriptions of the test ranges and sampling stations involved in this study. a. TA B-70 is located approximately 10 miles (16.1 km) from Eglin Main. The range is approximately 10 miles (16.1 km) long, 3 miles (4.8 km) wide at it widest point, and is oriented in a northeast to southwest direction. Live Oak Creek crosses the range from north to south and the headwaters of Indigo Creek arise on the northwest boundary of the range and flow into Boiling Creek. Live Oak Creek flows through a portion of the range which is cleared of trees and maintained by periodic mowing operations. For this reason one sampling station was located at the cleared area at Road 239 and another station at the southern boundary where trees and overhanging vegetation at Road 239A provide partial cover. One station was sampled on Indigo Creek at Road 190 (Figure 1). b. TA B-71 is located approximately 8 miles (12.9 km) west of Eglin Main and 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Wright, Florida. The range is approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) long, 2 miles (3.2 km) wide at its widest point, and is oriented northeast to southwest. There are no natural drainages (creeks or ponds) occurring directly on this range. Turtle Creek flows west of the range near its west boundary. The headwaters of a small unnamed tributary arise just off the southwest perimeter, flow into an impoundment (Allison Pond), and eventually flow into Turtle Creek. One station was sampled above the impoundment near the headwaters of the unnamed tributary and another station sampled on Turtle Creek at Road 234 (Figure 2). c. TA C-64 and TA C-64A are located approximately 14 miles (22.5 km) north of Eglin Main. Both ranges are approximately 250 acres (101 ha) in area and are cleared of trees. The ranges have no naturally occurring waters and are drained by two streams, Bull Creek to the west and Ramer Creek to the east. One sampling station was located on Bull and Ramer Creeks at Road 211 which passes over both creeks (Figure 3). d. TA C-74 and TA C-74L are located approximately 17 miles (27.4 km) northeast of Eglin Main. C-74 is approximately 2-1/2 miles (4.0 km) long and 1-1/2 miles (2.4 km) wide at its widest point. C-74L is approximately 1 mile (1,6 km) long and 1/2 mile (0.81 km) wide. The headwaters of a small branch arise on the west boundary of C-74L, flow into an impoundment on C-74 and continue into an unnamed tributary �,- ; -'- • . Figure 1. Test Area B-70 - . . .• - �Figure 2. Test Area B-71 �Figure 3, Test Areas C~64 and C-64A �of Rocky Creek near the west boundary of C-74. The headwaters of several small branches arise on C-74 and flow into two unnamed tributaries of Rocky Creek which transverse the center and southwest corner of the range. Both tributaries flow into an impoundment on the northeast boundary of C-72 and both were sampled upstream from the impoundment (Figure 4). e. TA C-72 is located 14 miles (22,5 km) northeast of Eglin Main between C-74 to the north and C-52 to the south. The range is approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) long, 2 miles (3.2 km) wide, and is oriented in a northwest to southeast direction. The test range is transversed by Rocky Creek, Open Branch, and East Rocky Creek. The headwaters of Mattress Branch, a tributary of East Rocky, and three unnamed tributaries of the Little Alaqua Creek drainage occur in the southeast section of the range. Rocky Creek, Open Branch, and East Rocky Creek were sampled on an unnumbered range road on the northeast boundary. Mattress Branch was sampled on sand road eleven, and the tributaries of Little Alaqua Creek were sampled on sand roads of unknown origin (Figure 4). f. TA C-52 (N,C,A) is located approximately 11 miles (17.7 km) from Eglin Main and 3 miles (4.8 km) north of Choctawhatchee Bay. The range is approximately 5 miles (8.0 km)long, 2 miles (3.2 km) wide, and is oriented in a north-south direction. The headwaters of five unnamed tributaries of East Rocky Creek arise in the northernmost section of the range. The headwaters for Schoolhouse Branch, Hickory Branch, and Long Creek, all tributaries of Rocky Creek, arise along the west boundary. The headwaters of Mullet and Trout Creeks arise on the south boundary and flow into Choctawhatchee Bay. The headwaters of Coon Head Branch, Bay Head Branch, and an unnamed tributary arise in the north central area of the range and all join on the southeast edge of the range to form Basin Creek. The headwaters of Middle Creek, a tributary of Basin Creek, arise in the northeast corner and join Basin Creek off the range. Sampling stations for Hickory Branch, Schoolhouse Branch, East Rocky Creek, Middle Creek, and Trout Creek were located at sand roads of unknown origin. Mullet Creek was sampled on Road 193, Long Creek on Road 219, and Basin Creek on an unnumbered range road (Figure 5). �Figure 4. Test Areas C-74, C-74L and C-72 �Figure 5. Test Area C-52(N,C ) A) �SECTION III MATERIALS AND METHODS A species diversity study of the fish populations of 23 streams on various test ranges within the Eglin AFB reservation was conducted during November to December 1975. Twenty-five sampling stations were selected on 23 streams. The selection of station locations was determined primarily on the basis of their accessibility, variation of habitat within the stream, and apparent fish population. Because of the large number of sampling stations and the time required for collecting at each station, an average of only five stations was sampled per field trip. The collecting dates were dictated by range accessibility due to mission requirements and the other scheduled activities of the University of West Florida personnel. Table 1 lists the stations sampled. Fish populations in the streams were sampled with a small mesh seine, and occasionally a small dip net for areas posing difficulties for seining operations. All specimens (except Etheostoma okaloosae') were preserved in 10 percent formalin and transported to the University of West Florida Biology Laboratory for identification (References 1 and 2). The specimens were identified to genus and species and a reference collection provided the Air Force Armament Laboratory as well as the University of West Florida. It must be noted that territory of the Okaloosa Okaloosa darter specimens dling and returned to the many of the streams sampled were within the darter (Etheostoma okaloosae Fowler). All were identified in the field with careful hanstream with minimal habitat disturbance. » References: 1. Smith-Vaniz, William F., Freshwater Fishes of Alabama, Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station, October 1968. 2. Carr, A., et al, Guide to the Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes of Florida, University of Florida Press, 1959. �TABLE 1. LIST OF SAMPLING STATIONS Station No. SF-1 SF-2 SF-3 SF-4 SF-5A SF-5B SF-6 SF-7 SF-8 SF-9 SF-10 SF-11 SF-12 SF-13 SF-14 SF-15 SF-16 Name Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Rocky Creek Open Branch East Rocky Creek East Rocky Creek Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Unnamed Tributary Mattress Branch Unnamed Tributary Middle Creek Basin Creek Trout Creek Mullet Creek Long Creek Hickory Creek of Rocky Creek of Rocky Creek Of Little Alaqua Creek of Little Alaqua Creek of Little Alaqua Creek of East Rocky Creek SF-17 School House Branch SF-18 SF-19 SF-20 SF-21A SF-21B Unnamed Tributary of Turtle Creek Turtle Creek Indigo Creek Live Oak Creek Live Oak Creek SF-22 Bull Creek SF-23 Ramer Creek 10 �SECTION IV RESULTS Seventeen species of fishes and one lamprey species were collected from 23 streams on selected test ranges within the Eglin AFB reservation (Table 2). The sailfin shiner (Notropis hypselopterus Gunter) was the most abundant species encountered. Also, the mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis Baird and Girard), blackbanded darter (Percina nigrofasciata Agassiz), speckled madtom (Noturus leptacanthus Jordon), and southern brook lamprey (Ichthyomyzon gagei Hubbs and Frautman) were abundant in most of the streams. The Okaloosa darter (Etheostoma okaloosae Fowler) was found at. every station except station three on the Rocky Creek drainage system. Station three was deep and turbid--the turbidity apparently was caused by drainage into the stream from an impoundment 50 feet upstream from the sampling station. A total of 48 Okaloosa darters were caught and released unharmed, 26 of which were from Open Branch (Station 4) and East Rocky Creek (Station 5). A list of species collected from each station is provided in Appendix A. 11 �TABLE 2. FISH SPECIES OBSERVED DURING STUDY Scientific Name 1. 2. 3, 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11 . 12 . 13 . 14. 15 . 16. 17. Common Name Rock bass Pirate perch Everglade pigmy sunfish Sharpfin chubsucker Creek chubsucker Brown darter Okaloosa darter Orangestripe darter Starhead topminnow Least killifish Southern brook lamprey Spotted sunfish Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Black madtom Speckled madtom Blackbanded darter Ambloplites rupestris Aphredoderus sayanus Elassoma evergladei Erimyzon tenuis Erimyzon succeta Etheostoma edwini Etheostoma okaloosae Etheostoma (ulocentra) sp . Fundulus nottT Heterandria formosa Ichthyomyzon gagei Lepomis punctatus Notropis hypselopterus Notropis signipinnis Noturus funebris Noturus lept acanthus Percina nigrofasciata 12 �SECTION V DISCUSSION During this survey, 17 species of fishes and one lamprey species were collected or observed. Of these, the Okaloosa darter is an endangered species and is known to occur only in the streams flowing into Boggy and Rocky Bayous of Niceville and Valparaiso, Florida. Prior to this study the only reported Okaloosa darter distribution on the Rocky Creek drainage system was south of Range Road 201. It was believed that the Okaloosa darter did exist above Range Road 201 but this was never verified. The findings reported here extend the known range to approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) above Range Road 201 which is well into the headwaters of Rocky Creek. The Okaloosa darter streams sampled during this study were generally clear with moderately to swiftly flowing water. The bottoms were sandy with detritus and leaf litter along the edges and around patches of vegetation in areas of reduced circulation. Streams varied from 6 inches (15.2 cm) to 4 feet (121.9 cm) deep and were 4 feet (121.9 cm) to 20 feet (609.6 cm) wide. The water was slightly acidic (pH 5.3 to 5.7) with a temperature ranging from 14° to 19°C, depending upon the time during the day that the temperature reading was taken. Most Okaloosa darter streams were heavily shaded by trees and overhanging vegetation with the exception of Open Branch and East Rocky Creek. The edges along these streams were subjected to periodic mowing which destroyed the vegetative cover along the banks. The stream banks were undercut at places which, along with some aquatic vegetation, provided some protective cover. Removal of vegetative cover from these stream banks did not appear to be detrimental as more Okaloosa darters were collected from these two streams than from any others, In addition to the Okaloosa darter, the blackbanded darter and the brown darter were collected. The blackbanded darter seemed to prefer the same sterile type habitat as the Okaloosa darter and consequently both species were collected together at many stations. The brown darter was collected along the edges of the creek where the water flow was reduced and detritus and leaf litter were abundant. Dr Mettee (Reference 3) stated that the brown and Okaloosa darters could be ecological equivalents, and the competition and the possible hybridization between the two species could be detrimental to the Okaloosa Reference: 3. Status Report on the Okaloosa Darter and Endangered Native Fish, US Fish § Wildlife Service, Division of Technical Assistance, Region 4, Atlanta, Ga., September 1974 13 �darter. Hickory Branch (Station 16) and an unnamed tributary (Station 2) were the only two streams on the Rocky Creek drainage in which the brown darter was collected. Both species appeared to prefer different niches within the stream and were never collected toge'ther in the preferred habitat of either. The brown darter was collected around detritus and leaf litter in the slower moving water and the Okaloosa darter preferred the more sterile areas of the stream with the faster moving water. Data from this study indicates that the Okaloosa darter is currently in no danger from competition or hybridization with the brown darter in the streams studied, but it must be remembered that only a small percentage of the overall Oklaoosa darter territory was sampled. Because fact that no could not be ecology as a reservation. of the qualitative nature and brevity of this study, plus the previous baseline data existed on the streams, conclusions drawn concerning the possibility of changes in the stream result of testing or other activities on the Eglin AFB 14 �APPENDIX A OBSERVED NUMBER OF FISH BY STATION Collection Number Site Collected Common Name Scientific Name 3 40 3 6 1 13 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Everglades pygmy sunfish Blackbanded darter Etheostoma okaloosae Notropi s hypselopterus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Elassoma. evergladei Percina nigrofasciata 3 16 1 5 10 1 4 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Brown darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypselopt erus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Etheostoma edwini Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-3 Rocky Creek 34 15 3 1 18 1 Sailfin shiner Mosquitofish Spotted sunfish Rock bass Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Notropis hypselopterus Gambusia affinis Lepomis punctatus Ambloplites rupestris Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-4 Open Branch 10 21 9 5 1 102 5 7 3 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Black madtom Pirate perch Mosquitofish Spotted sunfish Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypse1opterus Noturus leptacanthus Noturus funebris Aphredoderus sayanus Gambusia affinis Lepomis punctatus Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-5A East Rocky Creek 14 22 4 5 46 2 1 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Spotted sunfish Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hyps e1opt eru s Notropis signipinnis Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Lepomis punctatus Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-1 Rocky Creek SF-2 Unnamed Tributary of Rocky Creek 15 �Collection Number Site Collected Common Name Scientific Name Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypselopterus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-6 10 Unnamed 1 Tributary of Alaqua Creek Mosquitofish Black madtom Gambusia affinis Noturus funebris SF-7 11 Unnamed Tributary of Alaqua Creek Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis SF-8 46 Unnamed 27 Tributary of 9 Alaqua Creek 1 13 3 1 Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Speckled madtom Black madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Notropis hypselopterus Notropis signipinnis Noturus leptacanthus Noturus funebris Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei 3 46 13 1 7 18 10 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Black madtom Mosquitofi sh Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypselopterus Noturus leptacanthus Noturus funebris Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-10 Tributary of East Rocky 1 22 2 2 7 1 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Speckled madtom Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypselopterus Notropis signipinnis Noturus leptacanthus Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF--11 10 1 4 1 1 Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbandod darter Southern brook lamprey Notropis hypselopterus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-5B Rocky Creek SF-9 Mattress Branch Middle Creek 2 20 3 2 12 2 16 �Collection Site Number V; Collected Common Name 4 2 1 Scientific Name 15 5 SF-12 Basin Creek SF-13 Trout Creek Sailfin shiner Speckled madtorn Pirate perch Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Notropis hypselopterus Noturus leptacanthus Aphredoderus sayanus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata 46 5 15 3 3 Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Brown darter Notropis hyp s elopt erus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina ni gr o f as c i at a Etheostoma edwini Sailfin shiner Creek chubsuker Pirate perch Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Least killifish Spotted sunfish Brown darter Notropis hypselopterus Erimyzon succeta Aphredoderus sayanus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Heterandria formosa Lepomis punctatus Etheostoma edwini SF-14 Mullet Creek 1 2 4 9 169 4 3 1 SF-15 Long Creek 2 56 6 29 3 3 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypselopterus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-16 Hickory Branch 5 59 2 5 3 5 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Brown darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hyp s e1opt erus Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Etheostoma edwini Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-17 Schoolhouse Branch 5 55 4 3 1 5 1 Okaloosa darter Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Etheostoma okaloosae Notropis hypselopterus Notropis signipinnis Noturus leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Ichthypmyzon gagei SF-18 Unnamed Tributary of Turtle Creek 2 3 Starhead topminnow Mosquitofish Fundulus notti Gambusia affinis 17 �Collection Site Number Collected Common Name Scientific Name SF-19 Turtle Creek 26 15 6 2 3 Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Blackbanded darter Brown darter Southern brook lamprey Notropis hypselopterus Notropis signipinnis Percina nigrofasciata Etheostpma edwini Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-20 Indigo Creek 22 22 14 27 Flagfin shiner Speckled madtom Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter 1 Spotted sunfish 2 Southern brook lamprey Notropis signipinnis Noturus. leptacanthus Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata Lepomis punctatus Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-21A Liveoak Creek 4 6 1 6 7 21 16 Speckled madtom Black madtom Pirate perch Spotted sunfish Everglades pygmy sunfish Mosquitofish Blackbanded darter Noturus leptacanthus Noturus funebris ' Aphredoderus sayanus Lepomis punctatus Elassoma evergladei Gambusia affinis Percina nigrofasciata SF-21B Liveoak Creek 1 6 3 1 14 1 Pirate perch Mosquitofish Spotted sunfish Rock bass Blackbanded darter Southern brook lamprey Aphredoderus sayanus Gambusia affinis Lepomis punctatus Ambloplites rupestris Percina nigrofasciata Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-22 Bull Creek 17 1 2 7 1 8 Flagfin shiner Sharpfin chubsucker Speckled madtom Blackbanded darter Brown darter Southern brook lamprey Notropis signipinnis Erimyzon tenuis^ Noturus leptacanthus Percina nigrofasciata Etheostpma edwini Ichthyomyzon gagei SF-23 Ramer Creek 1 5 1 Sailfin shiner Flagfin shiner Speckled madtom Notropis hypselopterus Notropis signipinnis Noturus leptacanthus Percina nigrofasciata Etheostoma (ulocentra)sp, Ichthyomyzon gagei 3 Blackbanded darter 1 2 Orangestripe darter Southern brooV lamprey 18 �INITIAL DISTRIBUTION LIST NASA UNIVERSITY OF WEST FLORIDA SAMUEA/SA AFSC/DEV AEDC NWC ENV ENG AMD/RD USA NATICK LAB GULF BREEZE EPA ADTC/CSV AFATL/DLV USAFA/DFLS AMRL/TAG AFCEC/EQ ASD/ENFEA ASD/ENYEHM 1 2 1 1 1. 1 1 1 1 1 20 1 1 1 1 1 OGDEN ALC/MMNOP AFWL/LR AFIS/INTA TAWC/TRADOCLO GAME AND FRESHWATER FISH COM ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION DDC 1 2 1 1 1 1 12 AUL (AUL/LSE-70-239) 1 USAF/SAMI AFATL/DL 1 1 AFATL/DLOSL 2 19 (The reverse of this page is blank) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 137 Folder The folder containing the original item. 3910 Series The series number of the original item. Series VI Subseries III Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Crews, Richard C. Description An account of the resource <strong>Corporate Author: </strong>Environics and Human Factors Office, Air Force Armament Laboratory, USAF Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-01-01 Title A name given to the resource Aquatic Baseline Survey of Selected Test Areas on Eglin Air Force Base Reservation, Florida, Final Report: November 1975 - December 1975 https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/files/original/76ef9d1501eb3f62db9f3f80bd46deab.pdf 0928a07e7d087675a9f89af3b4cb67a1 PDF Text Text Item D Number °3936 Author Crews, Richard C. Corporate Author u s Air - - D fjot Scanned Force, Air Force Systems Command, Air Force ROPOrt/ArtiCiO TltlB Water Quality: Streams and Ponds on Selected Test Areas on Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, Final Report for Period November 1974-November 1976 Journal/Book Title Year 1977 Month/Day Ma Color Number of Images v D 31 j Program Element: 62602F; JON: 5066-01 -01 Tuesday, January 08, 2002 Page 3936 of 4009 �AFATL-TR-77-72 WATER QUALITY: STREAMS AND PONDS ON SELECTED TEST AREAS ON EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, FLORIDA ENVIRONICS OFFICE MAY 1977 FINAL REPORT FOR PERIOD NOVEMBER 1974-NOVEMBER 1976 Approved for public release; distribution unlimited AIR FORCE ARMAMENT L A B O R A T O R Y AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND • UNITED STATES AIR FORCE EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, FLORIDA �UNCLASSIFIED S E C U R I T Y C L A S S ' F I C A T I O N OF T H I S D ^ G E (When Data Entered) RE/»D INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE COMPLETING FORM REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. R E P O R T NUMDER 3. R E C | O T N T " > C A T A L O G NUMBER 5. 2, GOVT A C C E S S I O N NO, T Y P E OF R E P O R T a PERIOD C O V E R E D AFATL-TR-77-72 4. T I T L E (and Subtitle) WATER QUALITY: STREAMS AND PONDS ON SELECTED TEST AREAS ON EGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, FLORIDA 6. P E R F O R M I N G ORG. R E P O R T N U M B E R 8, CON! R A C T OR G R A N T NUMBER(s) 7. A U T H O R f s ) Richard C. Crews Sandra M. Lefstad 9. Final Report-November 1974 to November 1976 Gary G. Wyman Charles I. Miller PERFORMING O R G A N I Z A T I O N NAME AND ADDRESS 10. Environics Office Air Force Armament Laboratory P R O G R A M ELEMENT, P R O J E C T , T A S K A R E A f t W O R K UNIT N U M B E R S Program Element: 62602F JON: 5066-01-01 Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 32542 12. REPORT D A T E Air Force Armament Laboratory Armament Development and Test Center Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 32542 13. NUMBER OF P A G E S 14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & ADDRESS(/f dltterent from Controlling Ollice) 15. SECURITY CLASS, (o! this report) 11. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS May 1977 29 UNCLASSIFIED 15a. 16. D E C L A S S I FIG ATI O N / D O W N G R A D I N G SCHEDULE D I S T R I B U T I O N ST A T E M E N T (ol this Report) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol the abstract entered in Block 20, It different trom Report) 18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Available in DDC 19. KEY WORDS (Continue on reverse side if necessary and identify by block number) Water Quality Baseline Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Hardness Turbidity Salinity Calcium Phosphate Nitrate Eglin AFB Reservation Test Area Streams 20. A B S T R A C T (Continue on reverse side if necessary and identify by block number) Baseline information on water quality was derived for streams and ponds draining or located on 10 test areas on Eglin Air Force Base Reservation, Florida, from November 1974 to November 1976. The water temperature displayed seasonal trends (mean seasonal range 15.5°C to 22.9°C). The dissolved oxygen (DO) values were inversely related to the water temperature. The mean seasonal DO range was 7.6 ppm to 9.0 ppm. 1 JAN M 73 1473 EDITION OF 1 NOV 65 IS OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY C L A S S I F I C A T I O N OF THIS PAGE (When Data Entered) �UNCLASSIFIED S E C U R I T Y C L A S S I F I C A T I O N OF T H I S PAGEfHTien Date Entered) Item 20 Concluded: The mean seasonal pH was low, range 5.6 to 5.7,displaying no seasonal trends. Also remaining consistently low and displaying no seasonal trends were the calcium, chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphates, and turbidity. The water was very soft with a mean seasonal hardness range of 3.3 mg/ 1 to 4.4 mg/1. The water quality at the 10 selected was typified by an acid pH, hardness of range of 9.5°C to 31.0°C, a DO range of low levels of other naturally occurring test areas on Eglin AFB was good. It 0.30 mg/1 to 5.69 mg/1, a temperature 3.8 ppm to 11.1 ppm, and relatively constituents. UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGEfW/ien Data Entered) �PREFACE This technical report discusses a portion of the work performed at the Air Force Armament Laboratory, Armament Development^and Test Center, Eg! in Air Force Base, Florida, under Exploratory Development Project 50660101 fl during the period November 1974 to November 1976. <The sources and manufacturers of materials and equipment used in this study are identified for reference only and do not constitute endorsement of the companies or products by the United States Air Force. This report has been reviewed by the Information Officer (01) and is releasable to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). At NTIS it will be available to the general public, including foreign nations. This technical report has been reviewed and is approved for publication, FOR THE COMMANDER: A. Farmer Environics Office (The reverse of this page is blank) ��TABLE OF CONTENTS Section I II III IV V Page 1 Title INTRODUCTION DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA MATERIALS AND METHODS . . . . RESULTS SUMMARY REFERENCES 2 4 10 20 21 23 Appendix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Title Fifty Sampling Stations Selected On Streams Draining Ten Selected Test Areas Or Ponds Located On Or Near These Test Areas Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Temperatures By Season . . Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Dissolved Oxygen By Season Maximum, Minimum and Mean pH By Season Maximum, Minimum and Mean Salinity By Season . . . . Maximum, Minimum and Mean Hardness By Season . . . . Maximum, Minimum and Mean Calcium By Season Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Turbidity By Season. . Comparison of the Mean Dissolved Oxygen (ppm) and Water Temperature (°C) By Seasons (The reverse of this page is blank) Page , , , , , , , , 5 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 . 19 �SECTION I INTRODUCTION Between November 1974 and November 1976 a water quality study was conducted by Air Force Armament Laboratory (AFATL) personnel on the following Eg!in AFB Test Areas (TA): TA B-70, TA B-71, TA C-64(A), TA C-72, TA C-74(L), and TA C-52(N,C,A). These test areas are utilized for the testing of conventional munitions developed by the AFATL. Since many streams and ponds are located either on or traverse these areas, a study was needed to establish background levels of the naturally occurring constituents for future use in monitoring possible changes in the water quality to detect pollutants which could be potentially dangerous to aquatic life. Of additional importance is the fact that several streams studied serve as the habitat for an endangered fish. Water quality on Eglin AFB Reservation is influenced by a wide range of climatological, geological, and land-use patterns. Because these bodies of water are dynamic systems, naturally occurring constituents must be evaluated seasonally. This study was conducted using 6 seasonal periods to include: autumnal (Nov-Dec), hibernal (Jan-Feb), prevernal (Mar-Apr), vernal (May-mid-Jun), aestival (mid-Jun-mid-Sep), and serotinal (mid-Sep-Oct), Establishment of water quality baseline data and subsequent monitoring of such stream parameters as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, hardness, etc., could give indications of what effects the introduction of a pollutant could have on a particular stream. For example, pH, hardness, and various naturally occurring constituents of the water can influence the toxicity of metallic substances. This study was designed to establish baseline data and to compare seasonal water quality parameters for streams and ponds associated with the test areas previously mentioned. �SECTION II DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA Eg!in AFB Reservation is located in Northwest Florida and extends into Walton, Okaloosa, and Santa Rosa Counties. The study areas encompassed portions of the eastern and western ranges and four major stream drainages. They include Yellow River, East Bay River, Rocky Creek, and Alaqua Creek drainages. Most of the watersheds are sand hills with a pine-oak association. The streams studied were generally clear with moderate to swift flowing water. The bottoms were generally sandy with detritus and leaf litter collecting in eddy areas and around patches of vegetation. Stream depths varied from 6 inches (15.2 cm) to 4 feet (121.9 cm) and were 4 feet (121.9 cm) to 20 feet (609.6 cm) wide. Most of the streams studied were relatively undisturbed except for small bridges or culverts, or where the stream crossed a cleared test area. Eight ponds were sampled during the course of this study. One pond, Allison Pond, is managed by the Natural Resources Division (DEN), Eglin AFB. All others are impounded by culverts due to road construction except Pocosin Pond (70-3) which is a natural formation. Most of the ponds studied were generally clear stream-fed systems margined with aquatic vegetation. The exception to the above description was Pocosin Pond (70-3) which was clear but had a dull orange tint. The three factors most significantly affecting water quality on Eglin AFB are climate, geomorphology and soil condition, and land use patterns. CLIMATE Annual temperatures at Eglin AFB are significantly influenced by the Gulf of Mexico. During the summer the mean daily temperature range is 21.1° to 26.7°C. The winter mean daily temperature range is 10.0° to 21.1°C. The mean monthly precipitation ranges from as low as 3.2 inches (8.1 cm) to as high as 7.2 inches (18.3 cm) for an average of 60 inches (152.4 cm) annually. GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL CONDITION The bedrock at Eglin AFB consists of limestone with the uppermost limestone bedrock occurring at approximately 400 feet (121.9 m). Soils on Eglin AFB are predominately yellow-brown sand of the Lakeland �association with a slightly acid pH. Soil of the Lakeland association makes up approximately 78 percent of the Eg!in AFB Reservation and the remaining 22 percent is as follows: a. b. c. d. St Lucie - Paola association Troup - Lakeland association Chipley - Lakeland - Rutledge association Dorovan - Pamlico association 2 10 4 6 percent percent percent percent Soils of the Lakeland association have a limited capacity to hold water and a low natural fertility causing a low productivity level. LAND USE EFFECTS ON WATER QUALITY A relatively large amount of land on Eg!in AFB Reservation has remained undeveloped. The exception is scattered installations, roads, test areas, and reforestation areas. The most significant impact on the water quality at Eglin AFB results from production and transportation of sediment through land-use practices. The major source of sediment is from clay and sand transported by runoff during heavy rains on the numerous clay roads crossing streams on Eglin AFB Reservation. During periods of heavy rains complete washouts have occurred causing immense amounts of sediment to be transported downstream and eventually settle on the stream bottom. Clearing operations for reforestation and preparation of test areas pose no serious problem. Generally when clearing large tracts of land, the creek flood plains are left undisturbed. This minimizes the threat of water quality degradation from sedimentation during periods of excessive rainfall. �SECTION III MATERIALS AND METHODS DESIGN OF THE INVESTIGATION This water quality study was originally planned for a 1-year duration with the year being divided on a six-season basis. Because of sampling interruptions the study was later extended to a 2-year period in order to adequately cover all 6 seasons. Fifty sampling stations were selected on streams draining 10 test areas in which the water quality could be influenced by test area activities (Figure 1). Two basic types of water environments exist on these test areas, viz., lotic (running water) and lentic (standing water). Water of the lotic environment was monitored before entering and after leaving the test area. Streams originating on the test area were monitored after leaving only. In some instances, streams which originate just off the perimeter of a test area were included in the study due to the potential effects produced from drainage of the test area. Water in the lentic environment was monitored only in permanent lakes and ponds. Semipermanent ponds such as those caused by excessive rainfall were not monitored. All samples from an individual test area were collected on the same day except from TA C-72 and TA C-52 (N,C,A) which were large test areas with numerous streams. Because of the great number of stations on these two test areas, only half could be done on any one day. However, samples from any stream which crossed the test area and had multiple sampling sites were collected on the same day. No monitoring or collecting was performed earlier than 2 days after a rain. This 2-day period was considered to be a minimum time and in some instances it was extended to a much longer time as necessitated by high water levels at the sample site. FIELD PROCEDURE Five water samples were collected from each station using 300 milliliter (ml) borosilicate glass bottles. The bottles were then closed with ground glass stoppers and placed in an ice chest for transport to the laboratory. Dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and temperature were determined in the field. The DO and temperature were determined directly from the stream using a Yellow Springs Instrument (YSI) Company Model 51A DO meter with a YSI Model 5419 Oxygen/Temperature Compensating Probe. The pH of the water was determined by the use of a field portable Sargent-Welch Model PBX pH meter with a Sargent-Welch Number S-30072-15 pH electrode. �Figure 1. Fifty Sampling Stations Selected On Streams Draining Ten Selected Test Areas Or Ponds Located On Or Near These Te^t *,r?^.r' •j (The reverse of this page is blank) ��rrTTvx^.-. „. r !f". / \ -y- - {.- i > £-' > / - NBwiEiS- *, ^> -4rT^:^r;;::;;;il^v -. N tf-.'/ .y'7;KST1\ ( ' ^ ^ X. V7 .«i> ••(•--;' ; Figure 1. Fifty Sampling Stations Selected On Streams Draining Ten Selected Test Areas Or Ponds Located On Or Near These Test Areas (Concluded) (The reverse of this page is blanl- ��LABORATORY ANALYSIS Water samples collected from the streams and transported to the laboratory were stored in a refrigerator (about 4°C) until all analyses were completed. Seven water quality parameters were monitored to include: phosphate, salinity, hardness, calcium, nitrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and turbidity. The methods of analysis are as follows: 1. Phosphate (all forms) was determined by the Single Reagent method. The results are expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/1) (Reference 1). 2. Salinity (chloride) was determined by the Argentometric method. The results are expressed as parts per million (ppm) (Reference 2). 3. Hardness (total) was determined by the EDTA Titration method. The results are expressed in mg/1 (Reference 2). 4. Calcium (as calcium carbonate [CaC03]) was determined by the EDTA Titrimetric method. The results are expressed in mg/1 (Reference 3). 5. Nitrate (nitrogen) was determined by the Brucine method. The results are expressed in mg/1 (Reference 1). 6. Chemical Oxygen Demand was determined by the use of the low level procedure. The results are expressed in mg/1 (Reference 1). 7. Turbidity was determined by the use of the Hellige Turbidimeter. The results are expressed in ppm (Reference 1). �SECTION IV RESULTS Data from all sampling stations are presented in the Appendix. Seasonal maximum, minimum, and mean values for temperature, DO, pH, salinity, hardness, calcium, and turbidity are shown graphically in Figures 2 through 8. The water temperatures followed a seasonal trend and varied within an individual season depending upon the time of day when the temperature reading was taken. The seasonal high temperatures ranged from 20.0° to 31.0°C while the seasonal lows ranged from 9.5° to 19.0°C. The seasonal mean went as high as 22.9°C during the aestival season and as low as 15.5°C during the autumnal season. All high-temperature extremes were recorded from ponds. As would be expected the DO showed an inverse relationship with the water temperature (Figure 9). As the water temperature increased, the oxygen holding capacity of the water was reduced. The DO ranged from a high of 11.1 ppm during the autumnal season (water temperature 10.5°C) to a low of 3.8 ppm during the vernal and aestival seasons (water temperatures 31.0° and 25.5°C respectively). Samples from ponds accounted for all low values recorded. Diurnal fluctuations in atmospheric temperature caused corresponding fluctuations in water temperature and DO, thus making these readings generally dependent upon time of day that the readings were taken. The seasonal mean pH ranged from 5.6 to 5.7, the high was 6.6 to 7.1, and the low was 3.7 to 3.9. The low remained extremely constant throughout all seasons and in all cases was recorded at Pocosin Pond (Station 70-3) on the northeast tip of TAB-70. The salinity showed no seasonal trends with the seasonal mean ranging between 15.67 and 23.41 ppm. A seasonal high of 42.48 ppm was recorded from Pocosin Pond (Station 70-3) during the vernal season while a low of 9.77 ppm was recorded from Indigo Creek (Station 70-1) during the autumnal season. The water was found to be extremely soft ranging between 1.3 and 13.1 mg/1 with the seasonal mean ranging between 3.3 and 4.4 mg/1. The hardness showed marked variation between sampling sites but for any given site it remained relatively constant throughout the seasons. The mean seasonal calcium also remained quite constant throughout the reporting period at 1.05 to 1.13 mg/1. The seasonal highs ranged between 3.56 and 5.69 mg/1 while the lows ranged between 0.30 and 0.43 mg/1. The COD had a broad range of values from 168.20 mg/1 to lows below the limits of detectability for this procedure. The COD was generally low with the exception of a few erratic highs. 10 �The phosphates overall were low with a range between 0.61 and 0.01 mg/1. Most of the values were less than 0.18 with over half the determinations during the entire study being less than 0.01 mg/1. The turbidity of the streams remained generally low and constant throughout the entire study. (It should be remembered that samples were not taken until 2 or more days after heavy rains). Three extremely high values were recorded from Stations 74-2 and 74-3 which were subjected to large amounts of siltation from heavy equipment operations on TAC-74. The seasonal mean ranged between 1.70 and 2.39 ppm. The nitrate concentrations remained consistently low throughout the entirety of the study. n �35 Maximum Mean Minimum 30' 25- u o 20 3 •M 03 ex (D 10-J 5 -J o- 1 Autumnal , , ! , Hibernal Prevernal Vernal Aestival Serotinal Figure 2. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Temperatures By Season 12 �14 ~ 13 12 •Maximum • Mean •Minimum 11 10 0) OC X X c 8' 76- o 00 •H Q \ \ \ 5 4' 3 2 1- I Autumnal Hibernal \ Prevernal Vernal Aestival SerotinaJ Figure 3. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Dissolved Oxygen By Season 13 �Q I Maximum Mean —"^— •—— •— Minimum I ^ 6-| OH 54 -. I \utumnal I I 1 1 Hibernal Prevernal VernaJ Aest i val Serot in i Figure 4. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean pH By Season 14 �• Maximum 40- 35 e 30- OH P . 2520- 10- i Autumnal r i Hibernal Prevernal Vernal i Aestival i Serot,ina Figure 5. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Salinity By Season 15 �14- / • Max imum •Mean /* •Minimum / 12- / 1110- 98 tfl If] 7 6_ "O f-t 5_ 4 3 2- 10 T Autumnal Hibernal T T Preyernal Vernal 1 Aestival Serot;nai Figure 6. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Hardness By Season 16 �Max i mum Mean Minimum / I _ 0- I Autumnal Hibernal I I Prevernal Vernal T Aestival Serotinal Figure 7. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Calcium By Season 17 �ys » 0 — \M • 1 ^^ 15 . 14 _ 13 - / 12 - I 11 1 -^ E 10 - I ! i 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1 CX £? 9- X ^_j Q •H •H & 1-4 : - \ \ \ ~" \ \ -i 7 \ 1 \ 6_ \ 5_ \ 1 \ \ 4 _ . / -.J 3_ ' 2- ' 1_ 1 Autumnal Hibernal 1 1 Prevernal Vernal 1 Aestival 1 Serotinal Figure 8. Maximum, Minimum, and Mean Turbidity By Season 18 �10 - •30 9— -25 8 OH 7 u -20 o 600 X X o -d <D O 10 -15 0) 4- -10 | 3- 1/1 2 -5 •DO •Temp 1 0 I Autumnal Hibernal Prevernal Vernal Aestival Serotinal Figure 9. Comparison of the Mean Dissolved Oxygen (ppm) and Water Temperature (°C) By Seasons 19 �SECTION V SUMMARY Although the water sample collections and analyses were planned for a 1-year period the actual time to complete the project was 25 months. Many delays occurred due to the scheduling of missions on the test areas which prevented sampling when the proper conditions existed. Inclement weather and high water levels also caused many delays in the program. The great amounts of rain experienced during July and August 1975 caused very high water levels which along with fallen trees due to Hurricane Eloise temporarily closed many of our access roads. However, those sampling stations for which samples were not collected during a particular season the first year were collected during the same season the following year. Generally the water quality was good. The water temperature and DO demonstrated seasonal trends. The waters were acid having a mean seasonal pH range of 5.6 to 5.7. The salinity, calcium, phosphate, and nitrates demonstrated no seasonal trends but remained relatively constant and at low levels throughout the reporting period. The waters were very soft showing a slight seasonal trend with seasonal means higher during the vernal, aestival, and serotinal seasons. However, the mean seasonal hardness did remain relatively constant with a range of 3.3 to 4.4 mg/1. The stream waters, being clear sand-filtered systems, had a low turbidity which remained relatively constant during the entire study. The COD was generally low except for the determinations from Station 70-3 (Pocosin Pond) which were excessively high considering the data from all stations. Besides COD, many high and low values were recorded from Pocosin Pond. The pond is considered a special test area and is utilized for airdrops and static detonations of conventional munitions. Consequently, the pond area has been somewhat disturbed which might account for some of the extreme values recorded. Sample Station 52-14 was a duplicate collection of Station 52-2 and was used as a quality control site. 20 �REFERENCES 1. Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, EPA-625/6-74-003, Methods Development and Quality Assurance Research Laboratory, National Environmental Research Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1974. 2. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 13th Edition, American Public Health Association Inc., 1971. 3. Standards Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 12th Edition, American Public Health Association Inc., 1965. 21 (The reverse of this page is blank) ��APPENDIX SAMPLING STATIONS DATA 23 �Station A 52-1 21.5 20.0 21.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 16.5 18.0 21.0 22.0 20.0 16.5 12.5 14.3 15.0 12.5 16.5 18,0 12.0 16.0 17.0 16.0 17.5 14.5 14.5 12.0 14.0 11.0 13.0 10.5 10.0 52-2 52-3 52-4 52-5 52-6 52-7 52-8 52.9 52-10 52-11 52-12 52-13* 52-14 52-15 64-1 64-2 64-3 64-4 70-1 70-2 70-3* 70-4 71-1 71-2 71-3 71-4 71-5* 72-1 72-2 72-3 72-4 72-5 72-6 72-7 72-8 72-9 72-10 72-11 72-12 72-13 72-14 72-15* 72-16* 72-17* 72-18* 74-1 74-2 74-3* 74-4 74-5 74-6 74-7 H 19.0 17.0 17.0 17.5 16.0 16.0 15.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 16.5 17.0 19.5 18.0 18.5 18.5 17.7 19.0 20.0 14.0 19.0 19.0 18.0 19.0 16.5 17.0 12.0 14.0 12.0 13.5 16.0 16.0 9.5 15.0 12.0 16.0 10.0 16.0 14.0 15.0 17.0 16.0 14.0 18.5 16.0 20.0 21.0 14.0 20.0 16.0 19.0 15.0 13.0 13.5 19.5 15.0 14.0 18.0 15.3 15.0 12.0 14.0 14.0 17.0 15.0 17.0 15.5 15.0 Temp (°C) P V DO (ppm) A e 21.0 22.0 22.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 19.5 21.0 21.0 21.5 21.5 22.0 22.0 22.0 23.0 20.0 19.0 17.0 18.0 18.0 17.5 20.5 21.0 25.0 21.0 21.5 21.0 21.5 25.0 25.0 18.0 21.0 18.0 21.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 19.0 20.0 19.0 22.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 21.0 ..- 19.0 21.0 21.0 18.0 19.0 19.0 19.5 22.0 20.0 21.0 21.0 21.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 23.0 21.0 25.0 22.0 20.0 20.0 20.5 20.0 20.0 20.5 20.0 24.0 22.0 21.0 20.5 22.0 24.0 23.0 20.0 22.0 20.0 21.5 21.5 21.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 21.5 23.0 20.0 21.0 19.0 22.0 20.0 21.0 25.0 27.0 22.0 21.0 21.5 20.0 22.0 21.0 22.0 22.5 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 22.0 25.0 22.0 21.0 19.5 20.0 20.0 19.0 22.0 22.0 31.0 22.0 22.0 21.5 22.5 25.5 25.5 24.0 24.0 23.5 23.3 22.0 22.0 21.0 21.5 21.0 22.0 22.0 23.0 24.8 22.0 22.0 21.5 23.5 21.0 25.0 28.0 29.0 23.5 22.0 22.5 22.0 S A H 18.0 16.0 17.0 19.0 20.0 20.0 19.5 20.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 16.5 15.0 16.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 18.5 17.0 20.5 21.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 21.0 22.0 23.5 24.0 17.0 19.0 17.0 17.5 21.0 21.0 19.0 21.0 20.0 19.0 19.5 19.0 20.0 21.0 21.0 20.0 17.5 19.5 19.0 19.5 19.0 18.0 17.5 18.0 18.0 7.1 7.4 7.6 8.8 9.0 8.8 9.6 9.7 8.8 8.8 8.4 7.4 9.0 7.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.8 8.6 9.1 9.4 8.4 8.9 8.4 9.0 7.3 8.4 8.9 P V e 8.2 7.9 7.4 7.9 7.8 — 8.1 7.8 7.0 7.9 7.9 7.6 8.4 7 . 7 8.6 8.0 7 . 7 7.6 8.0 7.6 8.0 7.4 8.4 7.3 5.6 7.7 7.4 7.9 ... 7.8 8.5 8.8 9.4 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.3 8.5 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.4 7.6 8.0 8.2 8.5 7.3 8.2 8.4 9.2 9.0 8.4 9.2 8.6 8.4 8.2 8.2 7.9 9.0 9.4 8.2 8.4 8.1 8.0 8.4 8.8 8.6 9.6 7.4 3.8 8.1 8.0 8.2 9.0 9.2 6.6 8.8 9.6 8.6 9.0 8.0 8.6 6.4 10.2 10.6 9.8 9.8 10.6 10.4 9.9 9.6 9.6 9.4 8.8 9.5 8.6 8.3 6.7 9.2 8.6 9.6 9.2 8.2 8.5 7.9 9.8 8.0 8.9 8.4 8,0 7.8 9.2 8.6 7.8 9.0 7.9 9.7 8.5 9.9 8.6 9.6 9.5 9.6 8.8 8.4 9.8 8.8 9.4 8.8 8.6 8.6 7 . 0 8.0 7.8 8,0 6.6 9.0 8.8 8.8 8.4 8.8 8.4 — „_ 8.0 8.2 7.8 7.8 7.8 8.4 5.2 8.4 8.0 — 7.3 7.6 7.0 6.0 5.6 3.8 4.4 7.7 9.0 7.8 8.8 7.8 9.0 8.0 8.8 7.7 8.4 8.4 8.0 8.4 8.4 8.6 8.2 7.8 8.7 8.0 8.2 7.2 7.8 7.0 7.4 6.3 7.4 6.4 9.1 8.0 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 8.6 7.2 7.8 7.6 — 7.6 9.4 9.0 9.0 8.8 9.1 9.4 9.8 8.8 8.8 7.8 8.5 8.4 8.0 9.4 9.0 9.0 8.4 .. . 11.1 9.5 9.3 10.6 11.0 10.0 8.8 10,0 10.2 8.4 PH A S A H 8.4 9.0 8.9 8.6 8.8 8.6 8.7 9.0 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.8 4.0 9.0 9.4 8.8 8.7 7.8 8.3 5.2 6.2 6.6 6.7 5.7 6.3 6.2 6.3 5.8 5.9 6.2 6.1 5.3 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.7 4.8 5.7 5.5 5.4 3.9 5.6 5.6 5,6 5.3 6.0 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.8 6.3 5.9 5.5 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.3 6.7 6.8 5.7 5.2 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.2 6.6 5,2 6.7 5.7 8.6 8.8 6.5 8.4 8.6 8.4 7.6 8.4 9.4 9.6 9.2 9.6 8.8 8.8 9.0 8.5 8.6 8.8 8.6 8.4 8.6 8.4 8.4 8.8 9.0 8.6 8.2 8.2 9.2 7.2 8.2 6.5 7.9 7.4 8.4 8.4 9.5 7.4 8.8 7.6 9.1 5.5 6.1 6.2 5.3 5.6 — .. . V A e S 5.0 6.5 6.2 5.4 4.8 5.5 5.9 5.8 4.9 5.4 5.0 6.3 5.0 6.5 6.3 5.7 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.8 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.2 3.8 3.7 5.4 5.4 5.6 6.6 6.6 5.8 5.4 5.9 6.3 6.1 5.7 5.7 5,5 6.5 5.1 6.6 6.6 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.3 6.4 6.8 5.7 5.7 5.5 6.4 7.1 5.0 5.8 5.4 7.1 4.9 6.4 6,8 5.5 5.5 5.3 6.0 6.0 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.9 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.4 6.0 5.9 5.6 5.7 6.4 6.5 6.0 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.2 6.1 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.1 5.6 5.6 4.8 5.4 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.8 4.7 5.5 4.9 5.7 .. . 5.5 5.6 5.2 5.9 6.0 5.6 5.9 5.5 6.3 6.3 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.6 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.4 5.6 6.1 5.5 5.6 6.1 5.0 5.0 4.7 5.8 5.8 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.3 5.8 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.9 5.3 4.9 6.1 6.3 6.7 6.1 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.5 5.9 6.4 5.9 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.9 6.1 5.3 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.8 6.1 6.8 5.5 5,0 5,5 5.1 5.7 Temperature, DO, and pH values of each sample station for the A-Autumnal, H-Hibernal, P-Prevernal, V-Vernal, A e -Aestival, and S-Serotinal Seasons. Sampling stations marked with asterisks are ponds while those unmarked are streams. 24 P 6.0 6.0 6.0 5.4 5.5 5.7 6.2 6.7 5.9 5.8 5.8 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.0 6.3 5,8 6.4 5.6 6.2 5.6 6.4 5.9 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.4 3.8 3.8 3.9 5.5 5.2 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.8 5.5 6.3 6.1 6.0 5.7 6.2 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.2 5.6 5,3 �Salinity (ppm) Phosphate (mg/1) Station A H P 52-1 52-2 52-3 52-4 52-5 52-6 52-7 52-8 52-9 52-10 52-11 52-12 52-13* 52-14 52-15 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.33 0.20 0.35 0.48 0.17 0.10 0.17 0.27 0.55 0.61 0.03 0.01 <0.01 0.16 0.18 0.12 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.12 <0.01 0.03 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 64-1 64-2 64-3 64-4 70-1 70-2 70-3* 70-4 71-1 71-2 71-3 71-4 71-5* 72-1 72-2 72-3 72-4 72-5 72-6 72-7 72-8 72-9 72-10 72-11 72-12 72-13 72-14 72-15* 72-16* 72-17* 72-18* 74-1 74-2 74-3* 74-4 74-5 74-6 74-7 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.08 0.02 0.02 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.03 0.09 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.02 0.16 0.18 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.14 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.45 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <o.01 < 0 .01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 0.04 0.04 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.04 <0.01 0.08 0.10 0.07 0.14 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.07 0.03 0.05 0.08 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.10 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.01 V Hardness (mg/1) A H P V A <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.05 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 23.83 24.97 22.92 14.85 19.98 19.44 19.71 22.68 22.41 15.66 22.95 22.01 24.97 26.10 25.65 16.20 16.20 16.20 13.41 13.41 13.41 15.08 13.41 13.41 12.29 14.52 12.85 16.20 16.20 20.11 21.56 20.43 21.56 18.72 16.76 16.76 20.67 22.13 22.70 19.55 21.56 19.29 17.02 21.56 21.56 27.09 21.85 27.42 24.53 25.42 23.08 24.86 23.41 25.53 24.53 24.86 22.85 27.31 22.30 25.75 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.07 <0.01 0.02 0.07 0.02 18.85 21.65 19.55 21.65 13.59 15.03 14.58 15.30 21.74 20.63 21.19 21.74 9.77 14.85 15.30 17.10 15.35 Afi 0.05 0.07 0.03 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.0,1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.03 0.01 0.02 <0.01 S 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 11.16 33.48 13.95 12.56 29.33 39.11 19.55 22.34 26.76 22.30 22.30 21.18 13.85 17.32 13.97 13.97 13.97 21.18 21.18 20.07 22.30 28.37 22.69 23.83 22.30 23.83 18.13 18.85 18.13 19.55 18.13 15.30 15.12 15,39 16.20 17,10 17.10 13.59 17.32 13.97 16.20 17.32 15.39 15.66 16.20 17.10 17.64 19.55 16.76 15.43 20.67 15.93 15.21 15.84 17.32 15.66 A H P 17.82 21.11 19.06 18.16 21.56 16.76 18.72 16.20 16.20 16.76 18.72 20.88 20.65 21.33 19.97 15.61 17.84 17.84 22.30 23.41 22.30 23.41 20.07 20.07 22.30 23.40 18.96 18.96 16.68 18.96 2.3 6.6 6.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 3.3 2.4 3.1 4.0 4.0 9.9 23.83 23.83 24.97 24.97 21.74 20.07 18.40 18.96 20.43 21.56 26.10 24.97 19.29 18.16 18.16 19.29 18.16 17.84 17.84 19.51 20.63 17.02 17.02 15.89 18.16 19.29 20.07 20.63 20.63 22.30 18.16 18.16 19.29 21.19 22.18 27.31 42.48 23.52 26.20 20.07 20.63 21.19 18.40 20.63 18.96 13.95 15.30 14.85 16.65 16.65 S 20.11 16.76 17.32 22.70 19.55 22.13 20.67 e 10.5 12.1 3.2 9.3 11.0 S A e 4.8 3.6 7.6 10.6 9.0 12.6 4.0 3.0 3.6 2.8 3.6 2.8 4.6 5.0 7.2 4.0 4.0 4,2 3.4 3.0 4.2 3.7 6.4 4.2 ' 4.4 2.6 9.8 7.4 8.7 11.2 2.5 3.8 2.4 6.7 9.6 4.2 2.2 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.9 1.6 2.3 6.3 4.1 3.1 2.2 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.8 6.1 3.9 10.4 13.1 10.2 11.4 21.19 23.41 21.19 22.30 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.4 1,9 1.9 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.4 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.4 3.6 2.6 3.2 2.8 19.55 20.11 19.29 19.29 14.50 17.84 22.30 17.84 4.0 4.0 6.0 4.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 1.4 4.2 2.2 3.5 2.2 2.4 2.5 4.0 3.9 4.2 5.1 3.2 3.0 3.4 4.2 23.63 23.86 25.31 23.63 23.08 18.72 18.72 18.16 18.72 18.16 16.68 17.84 22.30 18.96 17.84 4.0 3.5 3.0 4.0 4.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 3.7 3.5 1.4 1.8 1.8 4.1 5.4 2.2 2.0 2.2 5,0 4.7 3.2 3.7 3.2 9.2 6.3 3.2 3.2 3.6 5.4 5.4 19.29 22.70 19.55 24.97 24.53 22.07 20.07 22.30 23.41 23.83 20.11 19.55 19.29 25.08 23.86 25.19 18.72 23.41 20.67 23.41 19.55 22.30 20.67 20.07 19.29 28.99 22.24 21.19 23.83 21.19 23.83 18.96 22.69 16.68 21.56 18.96 20.67 21.19 20.11 22.30 20.11 20.07 19.29 23.41 24.51 17.84 24.28 16.68 23.83 18.96 19.29 23.41 23.83 14.50 17.32 21.19 18.72 24.53 19.29 23.41 16.76 21.19 16.76 21.19 18.16 22.30 17.32 24.53 4.4 3.6 3.4 3.2 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.3 1.8 4.0 3.4 4.0 3.4 1.5 2.2 1.9 3.6 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.5 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.1 2,3 2.8 2.2 2.4 1.8 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.0 2.1 2.3 1.9 1.7 2.7 _-- 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.3 3.0 3.2 2.0 2.6 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.7 2.1 2.3 3.0 2.9 2.3 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.4 1.3 1.7 2.2 2.1 2.8 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.3 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.0 2.6 2.6 3.8 4.4 3.6 3.6 2.2 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.0 3.6 4.6 3.8 3.8 3.0 7.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 5.5 3.0 2.4 1.9 1.7 2.3 3.1 6.4 2.9 2.8 2.2 1.6 2.0 3.0 6.7 3.0 1.9 3.5 2.8 1.8 3.2 6.8 3.6 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.1 4.2 8.8 4.4 4.2 3.4 2.0 2.8 1.9 ' — Phosphate, Salinity, and Hardness of each sample station for the A-Autumnal, H-Hibernal, P-Prevernal, V-Vernal, Ae-Aestival, and Serotinal Seasons. Sampling stations marked with asterisks are ponds while those unmarked are streams. 25 11.2 V 11.9 2.7 2.5 2.9 4.1 2.5 3.3 2.1 2.6 5.4 4.6 9.7 10.6 �Station 52-1 52-2 52-3 52-4 52-5 52-6 52-7 52-8 52-9 •52-10 52-11 52-12 52-13* 52-14 52-15 64-1 64-2 64-3 64-4 70-1 70-2 70-3* 70-4 71-1 71-2 71-3 71-4 71-5* 72-1 72-2 72-3 72-4 72-5 72-6 72-7 72-8 72-9 72-10 72-11 72-12 72-13 72-14 72-15* 72-16* 72-17* 72-18* 74-1 74-2 74-3* 74-4 74-5 74-6 74-7 A H 0.79 2.29 2.90 0.72 0.56 0.56 1.16 0.84 0.68 0.52 0.84 1.38 0.98 2.33 2.77 0.80 0.80 1.20 1.20 1.60 1.60 2.40 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.20 1.60 2.40 0.56 0.56 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.80 0.56 0.40 0.48 0.56 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.58 0.69 0.93 0.80 0.48 1.20 3.61 0.80 0.80 0.80 1.24 3.36 4.44 1.00 0.80 0.48 0.72 0.64 0.56 0.64 0.60 1.82 1.08 3.44 4.21 0.63 0.53 0.67 0.42 0.51 0.64 1.25 1.01 0.40 0.53 0.66 1.15 1.15 0.52 0.92 0.78 0.60 0.87 1.38 0.69 0.64 0.80 0.48 0.40 0.92 1.12 0.63 0.71 0.63 0.40 0.79 1.04 1.81 1.81 0.74 0.90 0.66 0.82 Calcium (mg/1) P V A0 Nitrate (mg/1) P V A e 1.08 3.33 4.05 1.00 1.24 0.88 1.36 1.08 1.36 1.12 0.84 2.04 1.88 3.53 3.77 0.56 0.55 0.49 0.58 0.76 0.80 1.44 0.84 0.88 1.36 0.60 1.36 1.48 0.43 0.48 0.48 0.42 0.72 0.64 0.60 0.56 0.80 0.47 0.51 0.53 0.56 0.76 0.60 0.72 0.57 0.87 1.94 0.69 0.59 0.83 0.50 0.48 0.85 2.94 3.59 0.85 0.58 1.09 1.24 0.82 1.08 0.44 0.80 1.84 0.92 2.95 3,57 1.50 1.27 0.90 0.91 0.72 0.30 1.28 0.84 0.55 0.79 0.64 1.46 1.28 0.76 0.80 0.60 0.76 0.66 0.79 0.75 0.57 0.64 0.60 0.60 0.56 0.56 0.62 0.86 0.50 0.64 0.91 0.92 3.21 0.92 1.04 0.96 0.72 0.76 S A H 1.07 2.97 3.59 0.72 0.63 0.63 1.25 0.95 1.54 1.06 0.67 1.56 0.90 2.98 3.19 0.60 0.40 0.48 0.44 0.50 0.55 2.42 0.64 0.58 0.59 0.69 2.93 1.65 0.66 0.79 0.66 0.71 0.88 0.80 0.91 0.64 0.74 0.47 0.47 2.45 2.08 0.79 0.88 0.58 0.96 0.91 1.15 0.93 0.64 0.56 0.48 0.80 0.56 1.12 3.37 5.69 0.64 0.64 0.72 1.20 0.56 0.88 0.80 0.72 1.84 1.44 3.21 4.17 0.56 0.64 0.56 0.64 0.40 0.56 3.29 0.64 0.72 0.64 0.64 1.20 1.04 0.56 0.48 0.48 0.40 0.72 0.56 0.56 0.64 0.64 0.72 0.56 0.48 1.44 0.48 0.80 0.72 0.64 0.64 1.04 3.13 0.88 0.96 0.88 0.88 0.64 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.50 0.11 0.23 0.26 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.32 0.08 0.16 0.17 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.13 0.22 0.29 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.09 0.27 0.02 0.17 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 — 0.30 0.24 0.18 0.06 0,39 0.35 2.25 0.36 0.34 0.36 0.39 0.30 0.29 0.09 0.14 0.12 0.18 0.36 0.15 0.16 0.33 0.19 0.09 0.33 0.17 0.28 0.01 0.08 0.09 0.14 0.08 0.38 0.36 0.11 0.05 0.17 0.26 0.12 0.12 0.18 0.23 0.16 0.16 0.21 0.16 0.24 0.06 0.12 0.13 0.05 0.11 0.05 0.13 0.15 0.04 0.14 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.03 0.11 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.22 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.18 0.11 0.20 0.13 0.12 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.03 0.13 0.14 0.28 0.02 0.02 0.11 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.24 0.26 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.03 0.13 0,09 0.19 0.23 0.11 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.15 0.09 0.16 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.08 0.02 0.13 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.05 e S A 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.19 0.15 0.19 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.17 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.14 0.06 0.13 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.19 0.14 0.16 0.10 0.12 0.06 0.12 0.15 0.05 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.02 0,04 0.10 0.30 0.15 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.15 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.30 0.07 0.07 0.16 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.16 0.16 0.09 0.18 0.17 0.20 0.16 0,16 0.20 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.06 0.07 0.13 0.06 0.18 0.08 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.07 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.04 3.14 3.92 3.14 LIB 0.34 LIB LTB LTB 7.07 LTB LTB 3.92 5.49 3.92 LTB 81.40 76.60 64.40 81.40 LTB LTB LTB LTB LTB LTB LTB LTB LTB 4.52 2.78 1.74 LTB 91.10 5.19 81.80 LTB 0.97 LTB LTB 1.04 LTB 5.00 5.00 2.70 LTB 4.20 LTB LTB 45.90 4.00 0.70 H COn (mg/1) P V S 1.66 2.88 LTB* 3.60 4.30 2.50 6.00 1.33 3.60 5.04 4.58 0.38 8.80 6.50 3.60 5.83 1.50 3.75 17.10 4.27 7.13 18.00 5.83 10.20 5.63 1.33 LTB 2.50 5.20 4.08 2.00 LTB 3.75 6.10 3.30 2.70 3.30 2.50 5.90 3.30 11.23 12.30 10.42 25.40 8.93 4.99 3.10 5.83 10.20 3.88 1.25 2,70 2.92 2.14 LTB 6.60 0.19 4.32 4.80 10.60 20.20 0.81 5.60 16.21 4.08 4.00 5.04 1.71 5.60 0.70 19.20 4.93 7.20 7.57 3,22 61.68 LTB 2.66 41.76 2.92 53.85 1.40 0.38 35.39 3.38 68.76 26.90 LTB 61.23 1.69 1.90 1.90 49.55 33.37 LTB LTB LTB 0.37 LTB LTB LTB LTB 1.85 LTB 41.60 168.20 108.83 100.75 6.72 0.02 LTB LTB 2.41 3,20 0.74 LTB LTB 1.20 1.85 5.20 LTB LTB 8.90 2.88 2.22 LTB LTB 2.10 5.20 7.80 11.40 4.82 4.16 LTB 5.60 11.60 5.93 39.40 6.83 5.20 8.90 2.52 5,93 4.17 2.00 3.96 6.70 68.90 4.42 3.80 10.00 LTB 62.90 3.54 1,20 43.50 2.52 0.96 LTB 2.00 5.60 4.45 20.80 4.82 LTB LTB 4.40 2.24 LTB 3.70 LTB 6.00 4.48 LTB 8.91 6.00 3.70 4.48 3.98 LTB LTB LTB 1.26 0.51 1.70 5.40 6.90 59.40 0.51 0.60 6.90 4.68 LTB 3.54 4.00 16.70 2.16 LTB 0.25 3.70 4.50 2.16 6.72 5.88 LTB 8.40 4.82 4.48 21.50 2.65 5.20 2.96 3.84 24.01 2.80 5.60 2.96 55.40 0.51 2.60 5.77 5.50 4.16 2.96 3.22 4.00 5.22 2.53 5.04 1.70 LTB 4.91 3.03 LTB 7.57 6.00 4.76 4.80 7.80 10.81 LTB 0.92 4.68 1.90 1.40 LTB 2.30 2.53 3.60 0.90 LTB 5.07 3.29 1.20 LTB 1.80 4.76 6.32 2.16 5.80 6.60 Calcium, Nitrate, and COD of each sample station for the A-Autumnal, H-Hibernal, P-Prevernal, A e -Aestival, and S-Serotinal Seasons. Sampling stations marked with asterisks are ponds while those unmarked are streams. LTB as used above means "less than blank". 26 Ae �Turbidity (pptn) Station S A H P V 52-1 52-2 52-3 52-4 52-5 52-6 52-7 52-8 52-9 52-10 52-11 52-12 52-13* 52-14 52-15 1.10 1.24 1.45 1.00 2.25 1.00 7.80 5.50 1.00 1.60 0.90 2.00 3.00 2.55 2.00 1.35 1.50 2.15 1.30 2.60 0.05 1.00 0.60 0.24 0.29 0.04 0.34 2.40 3.30 1.10 1.25 0.30 0.20 1.35 0.75 3.56 4.40 2.15 1.61 1.24 1.00 1.87 3.15 1.25 0.75 0.90 2.00 0.90 1.25 2.70 1.45 1.60 1.60 3.00 0.45 0.50 1.90 0.90 1.60 0.90 0.50 2.15 0.75 1.00 2.25 1.00 7.80 5.50 1.00 1.60 0.90 2.40 1.10 1.25 2.00 0.50 1.20 1.75 1.00 1.20 2.15 2.40 1.85 2.85 0.50 0.75 1.50 4.20 2.25 0.75 64-1 64-2 64-3 64-4 2.57 0.29 0.29 0.60 ____ 0.65 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.60 1.60 1.35 0.90 2.15 2.15 0.75 1.35 0.50 0.35 0.75 1.23 1.45 0.25 0.25 0.65 3.30 0.20 3.30 1.75 1.50 1.25 2.70 1.75 3.80 0.30 1.50 0.75 3.15 1.50 4.00 3.15 2.40 1.90 1.40 1.10 --.»_ 2.70 0.75 0.53 3.45 2.00 1.15 1.60 1.15 1.35 1.35 1.23 2.55 1.00 1.88 1.90 0.95 1.10 0.65 0.75 1.50 70-1 70-2 70-3* 70-4 A e 71-1 71-2 71-3 71-4 71-5* ____ ____ 2.15 1.60 1.20 1.10 1.10 72-1 72-2 72-3 72-4 72-5 72-6 72-7 72-8 72-9 72-10 72-11 72-12 72-13 72-14 72-15* 72-16* 72-17* 72-18* 1.60 3.10 1.90 2.85 2.35 3.06 2.84 0.47 2.14 1.50 1.20 0.50 0.50 1.50 4.00 2.70 1.20 3.00 2.70 3.30 4.00 2.40 4.00 4.15 3.45 1.60 2.85 0.20 0.55 0.32 0.32 1.20 3.30 1.20 1.70 2.15 2.25 2.55 1.75 3.75 2.55 2.55 1.35 1.50 2.27 1.00 1.35 1.10 1.35 4.15 2.27 2.00 2.90 1.88 2.15 2.42 3.14 2.80 2.80 2.80 1.45 1.60 1.24 1.12 1.12 1.24 1.00 3.15 1.60 2.42 4.05 1.60 3.15 3.90 3.90 2.70 2.15 3.75 1.60 1.60 2.20 1.23 2.20 1.12 0.85 3.65 1.35 2.20 2.15 1.15 2.80 2.80 2.00 2.40 1.35 1.75 1.35 0.90 1.15 0.65 0.65 0.50 1.45 3.25 1.90 2.15 1.35 74-1 74-2 74-3* 74-4 74-5 74-6 74-7 2.55 9.05 9.21 1.45 0.91 0.75 2.40 3.25 4.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.25 3.40 4.55 1.25 0.65 1.25 0.65 1.25 2.85 3.58 2.85 1.35 0.75 0.75 0.99 6.00 16.00 1.30 1.90 1.88 1.40 2.70 3.25 11.50 13.70 0.10 1.20 1.20 1.20 Turbidity values of each sample station for the A-Autumnal, H-Hibernal, P-Prevernal, V-Vernal, Ae-Aestival, and S-Serotinal Seasons. Sampling stations marked with asterisks are ponds while those unmarked are streams. 27 (The reverse of this page is blank) ��INITIAL DISTRIBUTION 2 1 1 1 1 1 9 DDC AUL (AUL/LSE-70-239) ASD/ENFEA TAWC/TRADOCLO USAF/SAMI AFATL/DL AFATL/DLODL ADTC/SGPE Hq TAC/DRA Hq USAFE/DOQ Hq PACAF/DOO AFATL/DLODR TAC/INA DDR&E (Tech Lib) ASD/XRP 2 US Army TRADOC Systems Analysis Activity/ATAA-SL 1 1 COMIPAC/I-232 USAFA/DFCBS AFLC (DS) 1 1 Deseret Test Center (Tech Lib) 1 AFLC/MMNO SAAMA/SFQT NWC/Tech Lib 1 1 1 Ogden ALC/MMWM AFIS/INTA Naval Weapons Lab/Tech Lib 1 USDA/Pesticide Coordinator USDA/ARS AFSC/SDW AF/RDP 1 1 1 1 DDR&E (Env & Life Sciences) Edgewood Arsenal (SAMUEA-SA) 1 1 AFSC (DEV) AEDC (DEN) Edgewood Arsenal (SAREA-TS-L) Edgewood Arsenal (SAREA-CL-V) 1 1 1 1 Pacific Rsch and Analysis Office USAF (Environ Health Lab) 1 1 NASA Mississippi Test Facility 1 Univ of West Florida Tall Timbers Rsch Station USDA/Forest Service/Eastern Region 1 2 1 ADTC/CSV ADTC/DLV NWC Env Eng AMD (RD) 1 20 1 1 USA Natick Lab Gulf Breeze EPA 1 1 AMRL/THE 1 AFCEC/EQ 1 Game & Freshwater Fish Com/DeFuniak 1 Archbold Biological Station 1 AMRL/THT ADTC/DEN 1 1 29 (The reverse of this page is blank) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 140 Folder The folder containing the original item. 3936 Series The series number of the original item. Series VI Subseries III Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Crews, Richard C. Gary G. Wyman Sandra M. Lefstad Charles I. Miller Description An account of the resource <strong>Corporate Author: </strong>U.S. Air Force, Air Force Systems Command, Air Force Armament Laboratory, Environics Office, Eglin AFB Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-05-01 Title A name given to the resource Water Quality: Streams and Ponds on Selected Test Areas on Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, Final Report for Period November 1974-November 1976