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                    <text>Item D Number

°2377

Author
Corporate Author
Report/Article Title Photographs: Meeting of Veterans Administration's
Advisory Committee on Health-Related Effects of
Herbicides, September 1983

Journal/Book Title
Year

000

°

Month/Day
Color

D

Number of Images

3

DOSCrlptOn NOtBS

Photographs of Dr. Umberto Fortunati's presentation,
"Conclusions from Health Studies Conducted in Seveso.'

Friday, October 05, 2001

Page 2377 of 2422

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00235

Aether
Corporate Aether
Report/Article TitlO TyPescriPt: Agent Orange: Origins and Use, a HERO
Concept Paper, [John R. Brinkerhoff] 1983; with
attachments

Journal/Book Title
Year

0000

Month/Day
Color

n

Number of Images

5

DeSOrlptoe Notes

Proposal from the Historical Evaluation and Research
Organization to prepare a historical report on the
development and use of Agent Orange. Attachments
are a brochure on HERO, a phone message for Dr.
Young that Mr. Brinkerhoff called, a notecard reading
"John Brinkerhoff. Historical Study on Agent Orange.
See Dick Christian," and a business card for John R.
Brinkerhoff

Monday, January 22, 2001

Page 247 of 341

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JOHN R. BRINKERHOFF
COUONEt-. U S A R M V . R E T m E D

DATA

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MEMORY SYSTEMS, INC.

DUNN LORING. V I R G I N I A
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TIME

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Prescribed by GSA
*U.S. G.P.O. 1982-361-529/205 FPMR (41 CFR) 101—11.6

TELEX:

904 OS9 ( W S M )

�AGI;NT ORAKC1'.:: ORIGINS AND USK
A IIKRO CONCEPT PAPMP

Objective
The H i s t o r i c a l evaluation and Research organization {HERO},
a d i v i s i o n of Dat.j Koaiocy Systems, Incoc porat-ed (DMSIj, proposes
to prepare a historical report on the development and use of
Agent Orange. The report w i l l serve as on orientation text and
authoritative reierence for Veterans Administration and other
personnel who deal with any aspect of the Agent Orange problem.

The Veterans Administration has been given the responsibility for determining whether or not the use of Agent Orange in
Vietnam resuJ ted in, or was a significant factor that led to,
serious illness and/or
long term health problems for a large
number of Vietnam veterans who were exposed to it. Agent Orange
is one oL the three defoliants employed during the Vietnam War.
Agent Orange contains a small amount of D i o x i n {TCDDj, and the
presence of thio substance has been the key factor in the controversy over Agent Orange that began in the 197H v s and has yet to
be resolved. The 12 May 1983 decision of federal District Judge
George C. Pratt that there was sufficient evidence for the 20,000
Vietnam Veterans to proceed to trial with their grievance against
five
major producers of Agent Orange has heightened
the
controversy ana suggests a need tor objectivity when examining
the Agent Orange issue. The recent publication of Fred,. A. Wilcox*
faai tj rig
f_or_ a_n Ar_ovy_ _to Di£J_ The Tragedy of Afjejnt. Ojrange is
a
further demonstration of the need for an objective,
open-ended,
historical study of Agent Orange.
The Veterans Administration is involved heavily in the Agent
Orange matter. A comprehensive history would provide the Veterans
Administration with a d e f i n i t i v e guide to the background of the
Agent Orange issue and provide easy access to pertinent data .on
Agent Orange for Veterans Administration personnel and others
involved with the issue.
Concept
HERO w i l l conduct extensive research using primary source
data, including Army and Marine Corps combat records, Department
of the Army medical records, and Chic?L of Ordnance
records.
Having used official records from both the World wars in other
historical studies, HERO lias extensive experience in researching
these primary sources.

H8030/101983

�All
available sources of data will be used in writing the
report.
in addition to official records; HERO will
examine
pertinent primary source data relating to nonmilitary usages of
Agent Orange in the private sector. HI'RO will examine published
books, articles written in science periodicals, TV and radio news
devoted to the issue, and other secondary
sources.
Appropriate
excerpts from important sources will be included in the text, and
appendices w i l l include key primary•source documents.
This History w i l l not take a position on the issues involved. Both sides of the issues will be presented. HERO will
state the historical evidence, the causes of disputation, and the
various arguments advanced by interested parties but will not
take sides or make any value judgments.
The historical 'report on Agent Orange
technical man-years and cost about $350,000.

H8030/101983

will

require

3-4

�HERO—THE PEOPLE

OTHER DMSI PRODUCTS

TREVOR N DUPUY (Colonel, USA Retired), President of DMSI and Executive Director of HERO.
Colonel Dupuy is a founder of HERO and has been
associated with it for the 20 years of its existence. He is
an internationally recognized military historian, and
the author or co-author of numerous articles and over
80 books. Colonel Dupuy is a pioneer in the
development of quantitative analysis of historical data.

HERO Seminars are short courses designed to
provide the military professional and the defense
analyst with solid intellectual education on
military and national security subjects. These 2:/2
day seminars provide an in-depth examination of
a particular military topic. Courses currently
under development include: The Arab-Israeli
Wars, 1947-1983; Current Issues in NATO
Defense; Theory of Land Combat; and Evolution
of Weapons and Warfare. These seminars will be
scheduled and announced in separate brochures.

C CURT1SS JOHNSON, Director of Research and
Managing Director of HERO; MAT in History, Trinity
College (D.C.); BA in History, Providence College. Mr.
Johnson is the author or co-author of numerous
articles and several books, including Battles of the
American Civil War and Battles of the American Revolution. He
is a recognized authority on tactics and organization
for land combat.
GAY HAMMERMAN, Senior Research Associate; MA
in History, Harvard University; BA in History,
University of North Carolina. Mrs. Hammerman is the
author or co-author of several books, including People
and Events of the American Revolution and A Documentary
History of Arms Control and Disarmament. She has worked
in the Office of the Chief of Military History of the
Army and for the Department of State.
PAUL MARTELL, Senior Research Associate; MS in
International Relations, University of Freiburg. Mr.
Martell is the author or co-author of numerous articles
and several books, including Great Battles of the Eastern
Front. Mr. Martell is an expert on the Soviet Union and
Eastern Europe, and he has spent much of his time
recently researching military operations in the Middle
East.
EDWARD A OPPENHEIMER, Research Associate; BA
in History, Reed College. Mr. Oppenheimer is an
expert on the application of computers to the
quantitative analysis of historical data. He is the
manager of the Quantified Judgment Model.
CHARLES R SMITH, Research Associate; PhD and
MA in International Relations, Catholic University; BA
in History, St. Francis College. Dr. Smith has
concentrated on the defense and foreign policy aspects
of recent history.
BRIAN BADER, Research Associate; BA in History,
Catholic University of America. Mr. Bader is
experienced in the use of survey techniques to
establish human perceptions of historical events.

HERO Publications are books, reports, and
articles produced by the DMSI staff, many of
these publications are based on HERO research.
The 1984 Almanac of World Military Power is
currently in preparation and will be available in
the fall of 1984. Several books are being prepared
for publication, including Empires by Conquest, a
military history of Russia. HERO Publications
will include also several hard-to-find books by
Trevor N. Dupuy, including the best-selling A
Genius For War, which gives the German General
Staff major credit for the high combat performance of German soldiers in two World Wars.
Military Data Bases provide detailed information
on 600 land battles since 1600 AD. DMSI is in the
process of organizing, indexing, and processing
this data into convenient formats for use by
other researchers. These finished files will be
made available for sale in 1984.
The Defense Information Service will provide the
complete text of documents on the subject of
national security to subscribing agencies and
organizations. This service will be available in
1984.

Call 560-6427 for more information on any of
these products.

HERO
HERO
HERO
HERO
HISTORICAL EVALUATION
AND
RESEARCH ORGANIZATION
P.O. Box 157
Dunn Loring, Virginia 22027
(703) 560-6427

A Division of DATA MEMORY SYSTEMS, INC.

�HERO—THE ORGANIZATION

HERO—THE PRODUCT

The Historical Evaluation and Research Organization (HERO) is a division of Data Memory
Systems, Incorporated (DMSI). DMSI is a
diversified information services company whose
other divisions provide specialized information
services, educational seminars, books and other
publications, and recreational computer war
games. DMSI provides information services
about military and defense matters to the
national security community and interested
members of the general public.
HERO was founded in October 1962 as an
association of scholars motivated by a common
awareness of the need for historical perspective
in policy decisions. HERO is dedicated to making
past experience a useful tool for those who
formulate national defense and national security
policy.
HERO consists of a core group of full-time professionals augmented as necessary by a larger
group of consultants. The permanent staff consists of highly skilled historians, trained to perform quantitative historical analysis of historical
data. The consultants include not only historians
but political scientists, economists, mathematicians, and other scholars, plus knowledgeable
combat veterans and commanders, who participate in projects for which their special expertise
is of value. In addition, HERO may call upon the
services of other employees of DMSI, whose
skills include operations research, computer
operations, modeling and simulation, geography,
military science, and data processing.
HERO research meets the highest standards of
objective scholarly work. Research is based on
primary sources to the extent possible. HERO
staff researchers are expert in the use of archives
and libraries in the Washington, D.C. area, and
elsewhere in the United States, and also archives
and libraries in Europe and the Middle East.
HERO has compiled a substantial collection of
combat data and operations narratives from
World War II and more recent conflicts which is a
valuable resource for historical research and
analysis, including qualitative analysis. HERO
makes full use of this resource in its reports and
other publications.

HERO specializes in the analysis of historical
data. Most "history" consists of a chronology or a
narrative description of past events. HERO goes
beyond this by performing "problem-oriented"
analysis of the historical data to facilitate the
application of past experience to current
problems.
Problem-Oriented Historical Analysis is particularly
valuable to prospective users of HERO's services.
Past experience is always relevant to present
problems, even if only to provide a basis to reject
or to accept the relevance of that experience. This
is recognized by researchers when they include a
"background" section or append a narrative of
prior events at the end of the study report. Most
history, however, is written by historians to
provide a general perspective of the past from the
historian's viewpoint. HERO approaches history
to see what it can tell about the client's problem.
This requires sifting through a mass of data to
find all the facts really bearing on the problem,
organize them, and interpret them in a way
which illuminates the current problem.
Quantitative Analysis of historical data involves
seeking numerical relationships among the data,
using modern statistical and operations research
techniques. HERO starts with historical research
of the usual kind, going to primary sources of
data and correlating data from several sources to
establish consistency and reliability. HERO goes
further to apply modern analytical methods, with
the assistance of computers, to wrest from the
data the information it contains of relevance to
the client's problem.
Qualitative Analysis is still important in historical
research, and HERO does this too. HERO is
particularly interested in the human factor and
seeks to establish the perceptions of participants
at all levels in battles as a necessary adjunct to the
official histories and the memoirs of the leaders.
HERO uses the services of sociologists and other
specialists in social science research to complement the historical research effort.

The Quantified Judgment Model has been developed
by HERO as a way to allow historical combat
experience to influence modern combat organization and tactics systematically. The basis for
the QJM is the thesis that the known results of
previous battles and engagements is compared to
the pre-engagement and trans-engagement characteristics of each side to develop a consistent set
of relaionships explaining why one side lost or
won. This set of relationships can be expressed
approximately by mathematical formulas which
are derived empirically. The QJM serves as a
basis for combat simulation, complementing
other models, which are based on test data and
theory. HERO believes that history, properly
treated, is at least as good a basis for speculation
about the future as any other kind of data
available and is an essential ingredient in any
combat simulation. It would be reassuring if
combat simulations in use today were able to
recreate actual battle outcomes from recent wars,
in which organization, tactics, and technology are
not very different from those in use today. The
QJM provides a way to do just that — to validate
current theories and models of combat against
actual combat results.
The Historical Services provided by HERO are
available for clients in any business. While much
of HERO's past experience has been with military
and national defense matters, the techniques of
historical analysis apply to any field of knowledge. The expertise of the HERO staff and consultants has been applied to education, energy,
and health matters in the past. HERO will
continue to provide its services to the national
security community as before, but also will offer
them to other clients who have need of HERO's
special competence — problem-oriented historical
analysis.
HERO is available to provide historical
research services to government agencies and to
companies and other research organizations who
do not themselves have the capability to perform
historical research, or who need augmentation
for particular projects. HERO specializes in
providing accurate, thorough and responsive
reports on the historical background of problems
to help other kinds of researchers do their work.

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