1 15 4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 030 Folder The folder containing the original item. 0508 Series The series number of the original item. Series III Subseries I Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Boraiko, Allen A. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived National Geographic Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1980-02-01 Title A name given to the resource The Pesticide Dilemma Subject The topic of the resource health effects crops pest control methods popular press ao_seriesIII https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/files/original/e98f3c1113d2ae89657f2bcd824a1381.pdf 464c6eb84cb054c71be2154cd91d8a87 PDF Text Text Item ID Number °0232 Author Sholdt, L. Lance Corporate Author RBDOrt/Article TitlO Memorandum: Some Pesticides Used in Vietnam During June-December 1968 by 1st MARDIV (REIN) FMF; report of, from L. Lance Sholdt to R.H. Grothaus, 14 August 1980 Journal/Book Title Year 000 ° Month/Day Color Number of Images n 2 Monday, January 22, 2001 Page 244 of 341 �v.__ ;-V /iff; .A'/-.-''' I'.'ZCC :01: fr. •••25C. li August ]9SO From: To: Officer in Charge CDR R. H. GROTHAUS, Assistant Executive Secretary, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Forest Glen Section, WRAMC. Washington, DC 20012 Subj : Some pesticides used in Vietnam during June-December 1965 by 1st MARDIV (REIN) FMF; ^eport of Ref: (a) Chairman, AFPMB Itr of 18 July 1980 1. In accordance with reference (a), the following information is provided regarding the subject use of pesticides in Vietnam. The data vas compiled from monthly reports from the Preventive Medicine Officer, 1st MARDIV (REIN) FMF, to the Division Surgeon, 1st MARDIV. Reports were available for only the last six months of 1968. The region involved included the immediate and surrounding areas of DaNang, Phu Bai and An Hoa. 2. Pests and Vectors a. Mosquitoes larval control adult control b. 11,600 Ibs 3,511 gals 270 gals 2% Baytex granules 6% Malathion 1.5%.Malathion Rodents 1000 zinc phosphide torpedoes 1000 Ibs diphacin blocks c. Cockroaches 25 gals 17 gals d. 0.5% Diazinon 0.5% Baygon Filth Flies 13 gals 44 gals 53 gals 6% Diazinon 6% Malathion 1% Diazinon 3. The following were pesticides issued to various units in the 1st MARDIV TAOR during the six-month period: �DVECC:01:fic 6250 482 gals 486 Ibs 0.5% Diazinon 2% Baytex granules 168 Ibs Warfarin 263 Ibs 74 Ibs Diazinon dust 1% Lindane dust 115 gals 57% Malathion 5 Ibs 4. 5% Chlordane dust The equipment used to disperse the pesticides included: Dyna Fog cold foggers John Beam hydraulic sprayer Grandap aerial dispersal rig Mity Mite back packs Hand compressed air sprayer 5. Documents used in pest and vector control operations included: MO-310, Military Operational Handbook DVECC Recommendations for Chemical Control of Disease Vectors and Economic Pests Copies of any pertinent 1st MARDIV regulations or directives are not available. A .Newsletter, "Preventive Medicine Digest," was used to promulgate limited information on vector control- techniques (copies are not available). Formal classes were also held on vector control methods and safety for corpsmen in the 1ST MARDIV TAOR. 6. According to unofficial records, "Ranch Hand" operations in the DaNang area dispensed a total of 8400 gallons of 57% Malathion on 4 separate operational periods during the last 6 months of 1968. 7. In the 1st MARDIV, the greatest pesticide exposure to combat troops was probably from Malathion used in fogging and aerial dispersal operations. 8. The above information is not meant to be a summary of all pesticides used by the 1st MARDIV during June-December 1968. Summary data on pesticides used by various component units was not available. L. LANCE SHOLDT � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 019 Folder The folder containing the original item. 0232 Series The series number of the original item. Series II Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sholdt, L. Lance Title A name given to the resource Memorandum: Some Pesticides Used in Vietnam During June-December 1968 by 1st MARDIV (REIN) FMF; report of, from L. Lance Sholdt to R.H. Grothaus, 14 August 1980 Subject The topic of the resource pesticide application spray equipment Ranch Hand pest control methods https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/files/original/d02a2f1d2e377afc53cceda977db002d.pdf 1f5002f585008762592b365567b3d7cb PDF Text Text °0221 Item ID Number Author CorpOratB Author Headquarters, United States Military Assistance Comma RODOrt/ArtlOlO TItlfl Typescript: Medical Service, Aerial Dispersal of Insecticides, 23 March 1970 Journal/Book Title °00° Month/Day Color Numbor of Images r 6 Doscrlpton Notes Monday, January 22, 2001 Page 233 of 341 �'% *>& +MACV Dir 40-10 HE1ADQUARTERS UNITED STATES MILITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND, VIETNAM APO San Francisco 96222 DIRECTIVE NUMBER 40-10 23 March 1970 (MACMD) MEDICAL SERVICE AERIAL DISPERSAL OF INSECTICIDES 1. PURPOSE. This directive prescribes policy, procedures, and responsibilities for aerial dispersal of insecticides from fixed and rotary wing aircraft by the US military In the Republic of Vietnam (RVN). 2. APPLICABILITY. Forces. This directive applies to all Free World Military Assistance 3. GENERAL, Aerial dispersal of insecticides permits rapid coverage of large areas and the treatment of areas inaccessible to ground operated equipment. This method of dispersal is effective in the control of arthropod vector of disease. Although it provides advantage over ground treatment, limitations are imposed by: a. b. Availability of aircraft and aircrews. Co 4. Meteorological conditions, such as wind, rain, temperature, and visibility. Attitudes of the local population regarding effects of insecticides on people, animals, and crops. POLICY. "~~ " a. •-*. Aerial dispersal of Insecticides is to be approved only under the following conditions: (1) For the control of mosquitoes and other pests of medical importance when: (a) Permanent control measures, such as land drainage and filling, cannot be accomplished. (b) There is no access for ground dispersal equipment. (c) Screening, repellants, space sprays, and residual treatments are not adequate in controlling vector-borne diseases. *This directive supersedes MACV Directive 40-10, 25 April 1968. �MACV Dir 40-10 . (d) Ground fog, mist, or other insectlcldal mixture• do not control large population* of disease transmitting Insects. (e) Treatment of a major breeding area by aircraft dispersion is more economical than the use of ground equipment. . (f) The installation/area commander has trained personnel (medical and/or engineer) to conduct entomological surveys, to indicate areas requiring treatment, to schedule proper dates for spraying, and to determine spray effectiveness. (2) For pest control when arthropod borne disease outbreaks occur, requiring rapid coverage of large ground areas. b. In view of the significant incidence of malaria In the RVN, the aerial dispersal of Insecticides from military aircraft to support military operations is authorized. c. Only aerial dispersal equipment which has been approved by the Armed Forces Pest Control Board is to be used to disperse Insecticides from fixed or rotary wing aircraft. d. Malathion (either 57 percent water emulsifiable concentrate or 95 percent technical B-grade) used at a rate not to exceed 0.5 pounds of the technical toxicant per acre is the only Insecticide currently approved for aerial dispersal in the RVN. Request* to use other insecticides are to be justified and forwarded to this headquarters, ATTN: MACMD-PS. e. Aerial dispersal equipment which has been used to dispense herbicides is not to be used to disperse insecticides. f. ... The Command Surgeon, MACV, is authorized to communicate directly with the following units for coordination of aerial insecticide dispersal: I (1) US Navy Preventive Medicine Unit, NSA Da Nang - NAVFORV. (2) 20th Preventive Medicine Unit (SVC) (FLD) - USARV. (3) 172nd Preventive Medicine Unit (SFC) (FLD) - USARV. (4) 7th AF Tactical Air Control Center. (5) Twelfth Special Operations Squadron, 7th AF. g. Aerial dissemination of insecticide leaflets and/or aerial loudspeaker broadcast missions are to be scheduled in conjunction with aerial spray missions by the 7th AF Tactical Air Control Center. 5. RESPONSIBILITIES. © �:V Dir 40-10 a. The Command Surgeon, MACV, la to: (1) Exercise joint staff supervision and approval authority for aerial dispersal of insecticides. (2) Coordinate all aerial insecticide dispersal operations. (3) "* Evaluate information relative to the effectiveness of the aerial dispersal of insecticides. (4) Furnish 7th AF necessary Information for the preparation of operation and support plans for the fixed wing aerial delivery of insecticides. b. The Commander, 7th AF, is to plan, coordinate, and execute fixed wing aerial delivery of insecticides on MACV approved areas, and the aerial dissemination of insecticide leaflets and/or aerial loudspeaker broadcasts on those targets when required. He is to also coordinate all support required by C123 aircraft crews at the designated operating locations. c. The Commanders, USARV and NAVFORV, are to plan, coordinate, and execute the rotary wing aircraft delivery of Insecticide on MACV approved areas and provide necessary life support equipment Including, but not limited to, flight suits, helmets, and gloves for helicopter,spray crews. d. The appropriate corps tactical zone (CTZ) commander is to: (1) Supply required insecticides and engineer entomology personnel necessary for the preparation and aircraft loading of spray material, and provide liaison personnel to the aircraft commander. (2) Furnish personnel to conduct entomological surveys to delineate breeding areas, establish timing of spray applications, and determine effectiveness of control operations (requests for these individuals should be directed to the appropriate unit listed In paragraph 4f, above). (3) Provide helicopter and crew when the requesting unit has no helicopter capability. The appropriate unit listed in paragraph 4f, above, is to furnish the aerial spray equipment, operator, and Insecticide. e. 6. The Psychological Operations Division, MACV, is to provide aerial loudspeaker broadcast tapes and special Insecticide leaflets for this program. PROCEDURES. a. Requests for aerial dispersal of insecticides are to be forwarded to this headquarters, ATTN: MACMD-PS, for evaluation and command approval. Requests are to contain the following Information on each area to be sprayed: (1) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid coordinates. �MACV Dir 40-10 '* i ' (2) An overlay depicting the area. (3) ,.r .-*•:•: ii Designation and location of all battalion-sized units, hamlets, and other centers of military and/or civilian population in the area. (4) Malaria experience in the area (total cases of malaria, incidence rate per 1000 personnel per year, percentage of total cases due to vivax - malaria, and other information as appropriate). (5) Statement concerning availability of helicopter and crew to fly the aerial •pray mission if the area is less than 20 square kilometers. (6) Name, rank, unit, location, and telephone number of a contact or project officer. (7) Statement indicating desirability of insecticide leaflet missions and aerial loudspeaker missions prior to and/or after insecticide spray missions. (8) Approval of district or province chief of areas surrounding spray target if civilian areas are included in the target. b. Approved requests are to be incorporated in the aerial spray program as follows: f (1) Areas 20 square kilometers or larger or areas which cannot be feasib!^; |; V*i^ sprayed with rotary wing aircraft, or ground equipment, are to be scheduled for aerial spray by C123 aircraft. (2) Approved requests for aerial spray of areas less than 20 square kilometers are to be forwarded to the appropriate unit listed in paragraph 4f, above, with a recommendation that coordination be effected with the requesting unit. c. Requests are to be approved for a time period determined by MACV based on medical priorities and aircraft availability. 7. REPORTS. This directive requires no report. 8. REFERENCES. a. AR 40-574/AFR 91-22/SECNAVINST 6250.5. b. TM 5-632/AFM 85-7/NAVDOCKS MO-310. c. Joint State/AID/Defense Message OASD/ISA 6249. DTG 130204Z November 1965. �MACV Dir 40-10 FOR THE COMMANDER: W. G. DOLVIN Major General, USA Chief of Staff LOUIS J. PROST Colonel, USA Adjutant General DISTRIBUTION: B Plus: 200 - MACMD �C1, MACV Dir 40-10 HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES MILITARY ASSISTANCE COMMAND, VIETNAM APO San Francisco 96222 CHANGE 1 DIRECTIVE - 12 June 1970 NUMBER 40-10 (MACMD) MEDICAL SERVICE » AERIAL DISPERSAL OF INSECTICIDES Directive Number 40-10, this headquarters, 23 March 1970, is changed as follows: 1. Page 3. Paragraph 5d is superseded as follows: d. The appropriate corps area/zone coordinator is to: 2. Page 3. Paragraph 5d(D is superseded as follows: (1) Coordinate with the local facilities engineer who is to supply required insecticides and engineer entomology personnel necessary for the preparation and aircraft loading of spray material, and provide liaison personnel to the aircraft commander. 3. This transmittal sheet is to be filed in front of the publication for reference purposes. FOR THE COMMANDER: W. G. DOLVIN Major General, USA Chief of Staff W. A. RUTLEDGE Colonel, USA Adjutant General DISTRIBUTION: C Plus: 200 - MACMD 100 - MACAG-AP � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 018 Folder The folder containing the original item. 0221 Series The series number of the original item. Series II Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource <strong>Corporate Author: </strong>Headquarters, United States Military Assistance Command, Vietnam Title A name given to the resource Typescript: Medical Service, Aerial Dispersal of Insecticides, 23 March 1970 Subject The topic of the resource pesticide application pest control methods Ranch Hand aircraft https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/speccoll/files/original/9ea3d64775b2979cf106914983adbe8c.pdf 3b26a91ad06607b77a2889816475af7d PDF Text Text Item ID Number 00213 Author COTDOratB Author The Armed Forces Pest Control Board ROpOTt/ArtiClO Tlth) Current Pest Control Recommendations Journal/Book Title Year 1963 Month/Day December Color ^ Number of Images 26 UBSCrJDton NOtOS Accompanied by memo/distribution list for report, 3 April 1964 Monday, January 22, 2001 Page 225 of 341 �DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE r HEADQUARTERS U N I T E D STATES AIR FORCE WASHINGTON 25, o.c. AFOCE-GC SUBJECT TO: Pest Control ADC ATC TAG AAC SAC AFSC 3 April 1964 AFLC MATS AFCS 'CONAC USAFA USAFE -' USAFSS HQ.COMD USAFSCUTHCOM (Civil Engineering) Attached for the information and guidance of the entomologist, your headquarters, is a copy of the revised Armed Forces Pest Control Board Technical Information Memorandum No. 6, "Current Pest Control Recommendations." FOR THE CHIEF OF STAFF IN Directorate of Civil Engineering - .' 1 At'cb Tech Info Memo Noo 6 �TECHNICAL INFORMATION iMEMORANDUM NR. 6 *****•******* . . CURRENT PEST CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS n . n • • • • • ' • : • ' • -:; • ® n • • • ' . ' • ' : • '.•.-.-.' . '•• . ; • .' . • • ';••;• . . '• • • •••'-"!;•"" • ' • • ' ' ' ;••:• • • ' • /• • •. • •• ' . •• • ' • . . . : n « n n- ** *•» v» j» *t «. . THE ARMED FORCES 1»EST CONTROL BOARD • • ' •'"! .,„ ' ' . • ' . ' . ' ' ' •. • . . . . . •..- : . , ~ . Revised December 1963 • • ' • • • ." v- ^** ^*v ->f ^-5 -H5 >>5' <-^- f * < ^ v'? A<> ^*>;- fe-^ ^-v *<» -frtb <.-\ f~-* .-,..1 / • ^^. ,-. ^ ^J ^ ,/| ^, ^ V-=.««> «v vv ••!<> •?<,; «* v* te fv «v v-i -;-5 v / ' V •. �This Memorandum is produced snd distributed to provide current technics . information for the use of the professional personnel of the "military services who are responsible for the direction, supervision or guidance of pest control operations. Conditions of military use are assumed throughout, and the Board assumes no responsibility for any other usage of the material contained herein. Recipients of this Memorandum are invited to forv/ard comments and suggestions for. additions or deletions for the next edition. document. ••''•' It is not a policy �CURRENT PEST CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS T A B L E OF • ' • ' • " • • ' ' • ' • ' " • • CONTENTS .. .' .. '; ' • • ' • ' . ' . • • "" . , . " • ' 1. Purpose ' • ' • ' • ' . • "'. .• " . ' • Page - '•] . . . . . . . . . '. . . . . * 2. Mosquitoes. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3. Flies . .'. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V 2 4. Gnats and Other Diptera ..' . . . . . . . < . . . . . , . • . , . . 3 '• " 5. Bedbugs : • - • . • • .'. - :.•/' ' ' 6. Lice - • ' •' ' '•••""' ' . • • ' • ' ' - . . ' "': : . • "' A \ - . . ' . . . ? . - . •• • -• - - • 7. Fleas ; \ . . . . . • :. . < . „ . , V . , \—-^4 ; ; r __. 4 . 4 •"" - ' " • .•?' • -' ' 5 • . —- • - • . • . : , • • > 8.. Ticks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .; . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . ' . . . . - . '•.;•'. ; 5 '-. '' ' '• •' ' "' 9. Termites, Wood Borers, and Fungi. . . .'«. . . . . . . . . . . ; • 10. Cockroaches 11. Ants 6 . . . . •'. •• ''• •••.„•.*• • •, ... . . . . • • • '.** 7 ; 8 12. Stored Product Insects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . ."'. . 8 . 13. Insects Attacking Grassed Areas. . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . 9 14. Insects Damaging Shrubs, Shade Trees, and Forested Areas . 11 15. Rats . 12 f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .A 16. Pesticides and Equipment Recommended for Use in Military Operations 13 �CURRENT PEST CONTROL RECOMMENDATIONS 1. PURPOSE; , ' The continued spread of resistance to insecticides, and the development of new pesticides necessitates frequent changes in pest control recommendations. Current recommendations are summarized in this memorandum. It does not provide a complete discussion of applicable control measures for; the various pests listed, but may be used in conjunction with the tri-service manual, "Insect and. Rodent Control" (TM 5-632; NAVDOCKS TP-Pu-2; ATM 85-7). For convenience, recommendations included herein are keyed to corresponding pages of the manual. •-. ... 2. MOSQUITOES; Temporary Control Methods (Cl. 04, page 44) Resistance to insecticides in mosquitoes is widespread, not only in species which are^ disease vectors, but also in those chiefly important from an annoyance standpoint. In the United States resistance to chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides has been detected in at least twelve species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, A. dorsalis, A. nigromaculis, A. sollicitans, A. taeniorhynchus, Anopheles crucians, A. quadrimaculatus, Culex pipiens, C. quinquefasciatus, C. tarsalis, Psorophora confinnis, and _P. discolor). In general the substitution ;of organophosphorus compounds for chlorinated hydrocarbon toxicants has provided effective control for resistant strains although in several localities resistance to the organic phosphates has also appeared. Laboratory tests (see TIM Nr. 3) should be conducted annually to determine the resistance or susceptibility of local mosquitoes in order to select the proper insecticide to use in a control program. Laboratory tests ; should be confirmed by field observations and it should be remembered that DDT is still the insecticide of choice where resistance has not developed. i a. Ground Larviciding'(page 45). If mosquitoes are proved to be resis-' tant to the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides by laboratory tests, • : malathion at the rate of 0. 2 to 0. 5 Ib. of toxicant per acre may be applied and has given good control of most species. However, in California, Culex tarsalis larvae and adults have developed resistance to malathion and Aedes niqromaculus larvae have developed resistance to parathion and malathion in a few areas. Malathion may be used at from 0. 2 to 0. 5 Ib. per acre without harm to most kinds of wildlife but temporary reduction in some species of fish, such as gambusia and shellfish, may occur at these dosages. Paris �green granular formulations have been found to be highly effective against salt marsh mosquitoes in the southeastern United States. They are recommended for larviciding in order to minimize the development of resistance where there is extensive use of malathion as an adulticide. b. Aerial Larviciding (page 47). In the event mosquitoes are resistant to the chlorinated hydrocarbons, malathion can be substituted. An application rate of 0. 5 Ib. of toxicant per acre, either as a liquid spray or in granules has given good control of most species. c. Residual Sprays (page 47). Adult mosquito populations resistant to' DDT can be effectively controlled by a residual application of malathion at 200 mg/sq ft. In recent tests with_A_. quadrimaculatus, malathion applied at that rate gave excellent control for 4 to 5 months. d. Outdoor Control (page 48). Where DDT resistance has been encountered, malathion. at 0. 1 to 0. 5 Ib. per acre has given satisfactory temporary results applied as fogs, mists, or dusts. 3. FLIES; , r ; . Control of Houseflies and Blowflies (C2. 03, page 52). * The almost universal development of resistance to the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides by houseflies, and the increasing spread of resistance to the organic phosphates re-emphasizes the necessity for good sanitation in fly control. The development of resistance also emphasizes the necessity for continuing laboratory testing of flies from each installation to determine their susceptibility to specific insecticides so that the development of resistance can be detected before the insecticide in use fails in the field. •\ '^, ! '. ' ' . , a. New Insecticides; Resistance to all of the organic phosphates is not common as yet in most areas and one or more of several registered insecticides will be found effective in most cases, that is, Diazinon, ronnel,* -malathion, DDVP and Dibrom. Recommended application methods, dosages and restrictions are detailed in the 1962 Report from the Communicable Disease Center, Public Health Pesticides, March 1962 issue, Pest Control Magazine. *The Communicable Disease Center indicated ronnel (Korlan) is very satisfactory for local preparation of fly-cords using normal precautions for handling concentrates. .. �b. Treatment of Breeding Areas (1) Larvicides (page 53). There are indications that insecticide applications to fly breeding areas for larval control may speed up the development of resistance in houseflies. Therefore, the elimination of fly breeding by good sanitation should be emphasized and larvicide.s; used only as an emergency or occasional measure. Diazinon applied at the rate of .100 mg per sq. ft. appears to give better larval control than malathion or Dipterex. A solution or emulsion containing 0. 25% Diazinon should be applied at the rate of 10 gallons per 1000 square feet. (2) Pit Latrines (page 53). The Public Health Service has found that treatment of privies, including the pit contents, with dieldrin, BHC and chlordane resulted in an increase in housefly production in treated privies, and has recommended that these insecticides not be used. Human excrement in privies does not usually produce many houseflies. Untreated privies normally show prolific breeding of the soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) in a' semi-liquid medium, a condition fostered by the presence of the soldier fly larvae. Such media are not conducive to housefly propagation. However, if the above insecticides are applied, the soldier fly infestation is destroyed, the media becomes semi-solid in nature and suitable for breeding of houseflies. The latter usually being resistant to the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides, are not affected by treatment, and an increase in the prevalence of houseflies results. • 4. • GNATS AND OTHER DIPTERA: " ' a. Sand Flies (C3. 02, pages 56-58). Larvicides are no longer recommended for use against the salt marsh sand fly because "their larvae may 'become resistant to the chlorinated hydrocarbons after a few applications as indicated by observations in Florida and Panama and control of the adults becomes more difficult and expensive. Fogging with malathion, painting of insect screening with 0. 1% lindane solution which apparently continues to repel, and the use of deet as a skin repellent, are recommended control measures. •. b. Black Flies (C3. 03, page 58). Where there are large numbers of breeding locations that are inaccessible from the ground aerial larviciding (either with conventional or rotary-wing aircraft) or aerial pretreatment of snow with DDT has been used successfully. Control has also been obtained through the use of Plaster of Paris blocks impregnated with DDT (5-1/2 Ib. 25% DDT, 11 Ib. plaster, 2-3/4 pt. water). One 3" x 12" x 3/4" block will control larvae in a flowing stream 30' x 1-1/2' x 1 mile. Because of the �long flight range of blackflies and heavy population pressure in areas surrounding the control area/ aerosols orsiist sprayers cannot be depended upon to give effective control for any significant period of time. Standard repellents will provide protection from btaaskfly bites for several hours. 5. BEDBUGS; ' . ' . ' " . . Control Methods (C4. 02, pages 60*562) The insecticide resistance of bedbugs in the United States has so far been confined to DDT, and'such insecticides as BHC (or lindane) and malathion are being used successfully as substitutes. Lindane may be used at 0. 5% strength for treatment of baseboards and other hiding places but no stronger than 0. 1% on mattresses. Similarly, malathion may be used at 1. 0% on baseboards and walls ISut no stronger than 0. 5% on beds. Only £. Light application of either insecticide should be made to mattresses and upholstery, and bedding usied by infants should not be treated. Mattresses and furniture should not be retreated in less thantwo weeks. ) The common bedbugs, Cimex lectularlus and _C. hemiptsrus, have also been reported resistant to DDT in many other areas, and resistance to BHC, dieldrin, chlordane, and methoxychlor has been reported in some C r eas, indicating the need for tests to determine susceptibility prior to » large scale control operations. ' , ' . • ' •.- • 6. LICE; ... • . ....- Control (C5. 03, pages 63-67). Resistance to DDT in body lice is becoming generally more prevalent. Resistance to lindane is also increasing, and a few reports have been received of significant resistance to pyrethrum. Recent field trials indicate that a 1% malathion dust is even more effective than lindane and is safe for personnel dusting. li is now recommended for use where DDT and linedane resisLance occurs. In reserve another formulation is available that has proven to oe effective. This contains 0. 2% pyrethrins, 2% suifoxide as a synergist, 2% of 2,4-dinltroanisole as an ovicide, and 0. 1% Phenol S (isopropyl cresols) as an antioxidant. '; �7. FLEAS; Control Measures (C6. 02, page 69) *, ' ' Resistance in fleas has been difficult to prove in the laboratory / but repeated control failures provide rather conclusive proof that cat and dog fleas are frequently resistant to the chlorinated hydrocarbons in the United States. , . Control of resistant fleas on dogs and cats can be obtained through the use of a dust containing 4 to 5% malathion, or a 0. 5% malathion spray. Rotenone or pyrethrum dusts may also be used. Infestations inside buildings may be controlled through the use of 1. 0% malathion emulsion spray or the 4 to 5% dust. In recent trials a .. 1% emulsion of Diazinon applied to infested yards at a rate of 1 gallon per 1000 sq. ft. gave almost complete control for the 63 day observation period. A 4 to 5% malathion dust applied at a rate of 1 to 2 Ibs per 1000 sq. ft. has also given good control. Personnel should insure that lack of control is not due to inadequate ^overage or improper application techniques prior to changing insecticides. 8. TICKS: --' '\*» • Control Measures (C7. 03, pages 71-72) a. Methods of Personal Protection. Diethyltoluamide", now available in standard stock, is a very effective tick repellent for application to the skin and to clothing. However, it readily leaches from clothing and must be re-applied after the clothing becomes soaked from heavy rain or wading. ,'b. Control on Animals. Recent information received from the U. S. Department of Agriculture indicates that the 2% DDT. wash or dip previously recommended for controlling ticks on dogs may be too strong. A 0. 5% DDT dip is now recommended. A 0. 5% malathion emulsion is effective as a spray or dip, or a 4% malathion dust may be used. c. For treatment of infested areas. A spray containing 1 or 2 percent malathion applied at the rate of 1-2 gallons/1000 square feet or Diazinon �as a 0. 5% emulsion or solution as a spot application will control brown dog ticks that have developed resistance to .the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides (TIM Nr. 2, revised 1961). 9. TERMITES.'WOOD BORERS, AND FUNGI: a. Prevention of Termite Damage (C9. 04, pages 80-82). Termite . . . ' shields are not recommended. The expense involved in fabrication and maintenance of metal shields, and their relative ineffectiveness as compared with results obtained from the use of chemically treated soil and impregnated wood make the use of termite shields obsolete. b. Control Measures (C9.0S, pages 82-86). Insecticides added to the soil have proved highly effective in preventing termite attack in new military construction and in controlling infestations in existing buildings. These chemicals should be applied just prior to placing concrete floor slabs for structures with slab-on-ground constructions and while or subsequent to back filling around foundations for structures with basements or crawl spaces. Water emulsions of any of the following materials can be used effectively and without danger of harming, the roots of shrubs and trees at the concentrations indicated: Benzene hexachlofide - 0. 8% gamma isomer Chlordane - 1.. 0% Dieldrin - 0. 5% Aldrin - 0. 5% Heptachlor - 0. 5% Applications should be as follows: • * • (1) Under slabs on fill. 1-1/2 gallons per 10 square _3t for 'over-all treatment. In critical areas, such as at expansion joints, around utility openings for pipes, conduits, and ducts, 2 gallons per 5 linear feet. Along the exterior perimeter of the slab, 2 gallons per 5 linear feet in a strip one foot wide in shallow trench. (2) Foundation walls of structures with basements. Two gallons per 5 linear feet, per foci: of depth, from finished grade to top of footings, in a trench one foot wide. Apply one-third of the application near level • of top of footings before any back fill is placed, one-third when half of the back fill is placed, and the remainder when the trench is virtually filled. Two gallons per 5 linear feet should be applied under the basement slab next to perimeter footings, and an over-all treatment as �mentioned under alab-on-ground construction, to avoid entry if cracks develop. (3) Foundation walls of structures with crawl space. Two gallon per 5 linear feet in a strip 1 foot wide in trench on exterior, with onehalf of the application near level of top of footings before any backfill' is placed, and the remainder when the trench is virtually filled. Two gallons per 5 linear feet should be applied in a strip 1 foot wide in. shallow trench adjacent to the interior of the foundation. On sloping ground, where the footing may be deep in places, the volume of chemical required should be estimated on the same basis as for structures with basement. Soil chemicals should be applied for the protection of all structures in which the materials or contents are subject to termite attack. Where required by climatic conditions, porosity of soil treated, or heavy infestations of termites the dosage rates for soil treatment should be increased to that which local, experience has demonstrated to be most effective. Any variation in rate of application, materials or concentrations should be specifically recommended by the Army, Navy or Air Force entomologist serving the area in which the installation, is located. Water emulsifiable chemicals should normally be used. Oil solutions in the same concentration may be used when recommended by appropriate technical authority. They should not be used against surfaces which have been waterproofed or dampproofed with asphaltic or other materials subject to deterioration by oil. Oil used for solutions should not be heavier than No. 2 fuel oil. . •..'•-. 10. COCKROACHES: . * *. Control Measures (CIO. 02, pages 94-97) * The resistance of German cockroaches to chlordane continues to become more prevalent but where control can still be obtained with .this insecticide it should still be used. When resistance to chlordane has been proven by laboratory tests, there is little value in switching to other chlorinated hydrocarbons such as lindane and dieldrin because resistance to them will develop rather rapidly. The most desirable alternate insecticides' are Diazinon or malathion applied as a solution, emulsion or dust. However, these do not provide the long residual effect of chlordane and applications must be more thorough than with chlordane. Second applications may be required one month after the �first treatment in order to kill individuals which escaped and others which hatch after the first treatment. Subsequent applications at three month intervals should control- infestations. If resistance to both Diazinon and malathion develops significantly in field operations, it is important that this be reported promptly with a request for recommendation of an alternate insecticide. Recent studies at Orlando indicate that treatments which utilize both 0. 5% Diazinon spray and a 2% Diazinon dust in appropriate areas provides the most complete and lasting control. The use of "flushing agents", that is / materials such as pyrethrum, in sprays, are useful in two ways. They cause the cockroaches to move about and contact the insecticides more frequently thus offsetting to some extent any tendency to avoid the toxic material. They also reveal the presence of cockroaches and encourage the operator td give particularly thorough treatments to infested areas. 11. ANTS; Control Measures (Gil. 02, page £8) The Imported Fire Ant has become a serious problem in nine southeastern states, and control has been initiated by the U. S. Department of Agriculture in cooperation with the affected states and landowners, including military installations. If the Imported Fire Ant appears on an installation, a report should be sent to the headquarters of the appropriate .military department with a request for assistance. Arrangements will then be made with the U. S« Department of Agriculture for assistance in surveys, the procurement of pesticides, and actual control operations at and adjacent to the installation. The insecticide generally used is a Mirex bait applied as directed by the U. S. Department of Agriculture* 12. STORED PRODUCT INSECTS; " * Control of Storage Pests - Use of Insecticides and Fumigants (C12. 03, pages 106-110). A plastic coated tarpaulin fumigation kit may be used advan-c-coously for the control of stored product insects. Such a kit is under development at the Engineer Research and Development Laboratories, Fort Belvoir, Virginia. The tarpaulin will inclose approximately 2000 cu. ft. , which is sufficient for the treatme.v: of one half carload of commodities, and is light enough to be handled easily by two men. Fumigation can be �done on any gas tight surface such as a concrete floor,, asphalt pavement, or on the ground. Sand snakes or loose soil may be used x> hold the tarp tightly against this solid surface 1.4 prevent escape of t^e, gas. A concentration of 1 to 1-1/2 Ibs. of methyl^brL:_^Ufc-pi:i'.ifrin':fe::r >•:. should be maintained for 24 hours for the fii mil's tic;-, ii. i^ast .focife;: fabrics and other stored products at a temperature of 60° F. or higher. The sat may also be used for soil fumigation in ordar tcx kill insects, nomGtodes and wood seeds in the soil. For this purpose, a dosage of 1 Ib. of methyl bromide per 100 sq. ft. should be applied and maintained for a period of 2-. to 48 hours. Details concerning the fumigation kit may be obtained from the Sanitary Engineering Branch, Engineer Research and Development Laboratories, Fort Belvoir, Virginia. 3& - ' - ''- '* i' Insecticide, DDT and lindane, .Indoor Fogging, is not to be used for the treatment of warehouses if:±hfey contain food not packaged in glass or tin. 13. INSECTS ATTACKING GRASSED AREAS: * Control Measures (CIS. 02, pages 112-116) a - Nematodes. '.In recent years it has been found that nematodes infest many species of plants. 'Some of them attack the root system while others "attack the portions above ground. Serious damage is inflicted to a number of agricultural crops, including potatoes, wheat, strawberries, soybeans, tomatoes, okra, and beaTi-s. The '-control r.vc enures for agricultural crops consist primarily of the treatment of the soil with materials such as Nemagon, D-D or ethylene dibromide. These applications are usually made with tractor-drawn equipment. At military"installations, there is usually little need to control nematodes which infest agricultural crops, but there is a growing realization that nematode control is desir-' able for producing healthy nur aery, stock, Such mirseri z xaay include improved grasses, shrubbery, shade trees, or forestry planting stock. Large areas may be treated with the toxicants previously named. The soil in small nurseries may be fumigated with methyl bromide as discussed in Section 12. b. Rhodes Grass ocale. 'This insect occurs in Texas, Louisiana, and Florida, and attacks Bermuda grass and St. Augustine grass. The adult is about 1/8 inch in diameter, globular, dark purplish brown,' and covered with a white cottony secretion. The nymphs move around at first, then settle down to feed, and secrets a wax which covers them. �There may be five generations per year. Damage consists of sucking the juice from the ;. ~.nt crowns, causing the plants to turn brown end die. Damage is usuu., most severe curing dry periods. Control v this grass pest is best undertaken by watering and fertilizing the lawn area to provide a good healthy growth of grass, and chemical control on a repetitive basis with malathion and summer oil sprays. The recommended chemical control for this scale is 5 pounds of malathion and 2-1/2 gallons of summer oil spray concentrate in at least 400 gallons of water per acre of lawn. Three applications should be made at three ~ 7l" week intervals to completely control the scale. If there appears to be a'burning effect on grass after the first application, the summer oil spray concentrate should be omitted from the second application, but it should be included again in the third application. c. Ground Pearls. The adult female scale insect secretes a white waxy sac, in which,she places about 100 pinkish-white eggs. The nymphs suck the juice from rootlets of Bermuda grass in the South and •Southwest and from centipede grass in the South. The grass turns brown in the summer and dies in the fall. The nymphs cover themselves with hard globular shells about 1/8 inch in diameter and are called ground pearls due to their resemblance to pearls. No satisfactory control measure is known. d. Chinch Bugs. Lawns in the East are sometimes'attacked by the hairy chirrch bug (Blissus hirtus). The nymphs hatch in the spring and infest lawns until late fall. The adults hibernate during the winter. ' ** In Florida and other southern areas, St. Augustine grass is attacked and sometimes severely damaged by Blissus leucopterus insularis. The bugs are active during the winter except on the coldest days.-. There are 3 to 5 generations per year in Florida. Damage can be kept to a minimum by adequate fertilization and watering., and by avoiding close mowing during dry weather. However, with severe infestations, insecticides-. are required for control. Damage usually occurs in patches which increase in size as the bugs move outward into living grass. The insecticide should be applied to the yellowing grass surrounding the dead patches. While'the degree of control obtained is often unsatisfactory, the lawn may be saved from complete destruction. The quantity of insecticide per treatment is shown on the following page, with the higher dosages being recommended for Florida. 10 �Quantity Per Acre .. , ; ' ,-„ . T V , ,»••;<•;!,• Form , 4-8 Ib. Diazinon 10-30 Ib. chlordane 10 Ib. Sevin .:; •; 10 Ib. ronnel r Emulsion. Emulsion ' Emulsion Emulsion The insecticide should be watered in after application with large amounts (600 to 1200.gallons per acre) of water. This is important in view of the extremely heavy dosages applied in order to prevent contacts with. surface residues by children or pets. These dosages present great hazard to wildlife and the relative value of the lawn versus desirable species, if present, must be considered. Two or three treatments may be required at 10 day intervals to control the infestation. , . H'. INSECTS DAMAGING SHRUBS. SHADE TREES, AND FORESTED AREflS Control Measures (C14. 02, pages 117-121) . > -.•, Many insects which damage shrubs or trees can be controlled with .malathion. If DDT or other commonly used insecticides prove unsatisfactory, the following formulations are recommended: . ; v a. Two pints of 57% malathion emulsifiable concentrate per 100 gallons water. . . • • • • '- . ; ; • • , ! ! < - ; ; ;.-. j j . . . •; { ;; ; . - • - • . - ;.-',, -,.,.^ : Azalea scale . , Birch leaf miner Boxwood leaf miner ;. Euonymus scale European pine shoot moth Four-lined leaf bug Japanese beetle adult Magnolia scale •• Oak kermes .,-,.,,, Oyster shell scale -'Pine leaf scale -.,-•-.•;'•Potato leaf hopper . Rose leafhopper , , -: Scurfy scale ; =; ,,: Tarnished plant bug . . Thrips . , . , ; • ]•; b. Two pints of 57% malathion emulsifiable concentrate or 4 Ibs. of 25% wettable malathion powder per 100 gallons water. '-•.••.'•. ; * v Aphids Lace bug Mealybugs •'- > ;^ '•;••••'".-.-; ••. • : r Spider mites / • Whitefly - : , -11 " :'.'.. ,, -.._. ••• ; �c. Two and 1/2 pints of 57% malathion dmulsifiable concentrate, or 6 Ibs. of 25% wettable malathion powder per 100 gallons water. Bagworms ' Black scale crawlers Fletcher scale Florida red scale Tent .caterpillar 15. RATS; '••• . Juniper scale ' •'[ Monterey pine scale Pine needle scale ". • - ' • • . Soft scale ' •- ' ' -'•> • • • < < •' :' ^ ;>^::-> -,-^c: o v f v ^ i i - i - :; -'u^. Rat Control (D1.04, page 125) '•'• • • • " : . - • • - . - . . - ' •••,:•' " ,' • ' ' / . : '.-:M ':• , , • • • • ; . . ••.(>. ./ v , •: s •.;."..>-•.">*,-•• Resistance to available poisons has not become a problem in rat ' control. While no one rodcnticide meets all requirements under all conditions, in general the slow acting anticoagulants are preferred because of their general effectiveness and low;degree of toxic hazard to humans and useful animals. The lowest bait concentration consistent with effective control should be used at military installations for economy and safety. A number of anticoagulants have been developed which have given «satisfactory results in laboratory tests and field use. It is anticipated ;that two items will be available in supply at a later date: (1) Rodenticide, Bait, Anticoagulant, a ready-to-use oatmeal plus anticoagulant formulation, and (2) Rodenticlde, Anticoagulant, Universal Concentrate, a formulation of a sodium or calcium salt of anianticoagulant, versene, sodium benzoate and sugar for use in preparing solid or liquid baits. Each item will contain biologically equivalent concentrations of ; either diphacinone, fumarin, pival, PMP or warfarin. Pending availability of these items in military supply, the following recommendations f o r u s e a r e made: • ^ ; ; ; , . . . : Solid baits - Fumarin, pival and warfarin Should be used at a concentration of 0. 025% (0. 25 mg/gm) active ingredient by weight; diphacinone at 0. 005% (0. 05 mg/gm); PMP at 0. 05% (0. 5 mg/gm). These concentrations should be used regardless of the species of rats involved. These concentrations are also effective against house mice. • ^l': Liquid baits - Liquid (water) baits may be ?more effective than solid baits under certain conditions/ such as where water is scarce or where 12 �a variety oi foods are available. They may be used separately or in combination with solid baits. The sodium salts of warfarin, pival or fumarin should be used at a strength of 0. 006% acid equivalent and PMP at 0. 015%. Five percent sugar should be added to the solution as an attractant. 16. PESTICIDES AND EQUIPMENT RECOMMENDED FOR USE IN : . MILITARY OPERATIONS; ... •: / . . ; - , ..- • - . - - . . , . - . ' , , . . - : All military and civilian personnel engaged directly or indirectly in pest control activities at military installations should be acquainted with the pesticides and equipment recommended for military use which are tabulated o n t h e following pages. ,v , • , . , • : Pesticide items listed are those which have been recommended for listing in the Military Supply Standards, MSS-6840-5 for Insecticides, MSS-6840-7 for Insect Repellents, and MSS-6840-1 for Rodenticides, currently being coordinated. Upon approval and publication of these standards by the Department of Defense their use is mandatory on all activities in the selection of items for new procurement in connection with repetitive use. The pesticides listed have been carefully selected for military use and should be utilized to the maximum extent possible. Provisions have been.made, of course, for local purchase of other items having only limited or highly localized application. Proposed substitutions at installations should be reviewed by the appropriate major military commands. ,. ; .,.,. The supply standards include pest control chemicals justified for central procurement and stocking according to either of the following criteria: .... . . - ' . . - . . ; . . . -. . • , . - . • - . - - . ' • : ..--.. •.:'«' : ; (a) Requirements are widespread and annual dollar volume is significant. (Example: 75% water dispersible DDT powder; 57% water emulsifiable malathion concentrate). . . . ,•• -,'. •••-•. • • ' •- ; i; • (b) The item is needed primarily for emergency situations or is not obtainable locally. Although actual use may be quite infrequent and dollar volume low, ne\ertheless the emergency requirement may make V any procurement delay unacceptable. Limited quantities of such items are held at selected locations under special issue controls. (Example: DDT-lindane fogging solution, use restricted by AR 420-78; benzyl benzoate (clothing repellent)). 13 �" Other materials needed in relatively small quantities or for localized requirements are obtained through routine local procurement. £Exa'mples: 1 c lime sulphur; nicotine sulphate). Standard stock pesticide items are listed in the Department of Defense Section, Federal Supply Catalog, Chemical Materiel, FSC Group 68, published by the Defense Petroleum Supply Center. The insecticide, rodenticide and repellent items currently recommended as the Military Supply ! Standard are listed on the following pages. Also listed is dispersal equipment in the Military Supply Standard and the numbers assigned. This equipment meets the majority of needs at military installations, and the procurement of substitute items should be carefully controlled. These lists will be revised as new pesticides and. equipment become available or the needs of the services change. ., ' ; Standard respirators are not listed at this time because current stock numbers do not assure that respirators procured will be suitable for protection against all insecticides. Until insecticide respirators are standardized the manufacturer's numbers for models, filters and chemical cartridges must be checked against the current U. S. Department of Agriculture's list of tested items. ("Respiratory Devices for Protection Against Inhalation Hazards of Dusts, Mists, and Low Vapor Concentrations of Certain Pesticides", U. S. Department of Agriculture Supplement No. 1, dated April 1963). This document has been distributed to military entomologists by the cognizant military service agencies and supersedes all previous releases. The control categories indicated in the following tables are as follows: ' s •'"• I.' 'Ready to use items - no issue control. ' , ' . » . , . . • . . si . i -_ . ' ; - • . - '• ', i -; : II. For use only by installation engineer (or public works) employees with a valid certificate of training in pest control operations, or under the supervision of certified personnel of the medical services. III. Items to be issued only on approval of the Surgeon General. Requisitions for all nonstandard items require approval by the major military commands (Army Commands, Naval Districts, major Air Force Commands). 14 �JTITLE: P E S T , C . O N T R O L ; ; E Q U I P M E N T . T - FSCV3740 • • ' ' • ' - ' ' . L'-'f STANDARD ITEMS • > . - « • - • - . - • . i INDEX \UMBER o - , . •* .. . - . • • 1-010 281-1510 1-015 - i f;v ,-,,•- ; , . ,-. ITEM NAME AND DESCRIPTION FIIN -'•, :- ! '.' •'l • REFERENCE DATA USING Container, bait, rodent, paper, 18 ; ':MIL-C-3305 ML± 2, 3 in dia, 1-3/4 in dia, 17/32 • .^ • . O/A, with imprinted "Poison" warning, ••/ 100 unit quantity, carton •:••"• - ' ; ^T^.-M->-:^-'}.^ • 132-5935 Duster, manually operated rotary '•''.:- -FED-RR-D-780 AF, N, A fan, strap carried, w/feed control, Type II, Size 1 : 1 to 20 Ib per acre output range, ";} w/blower, w/rotatable outlet, hopper capacity 5 to 10 Ib, steel, 1 dis;ji ri:i V> I ^1 <?;;) " *"' charge nozzle, w/two extension tubes,-, "*"". ; nonflexible, straight type, 14 in Ig, - and 1 nonflexible curved type, 10 in ; •'"' • .< •. . ". •** • • .;:...'• 1-020 132-5936 '• a. 1-025 MC 267-4802 .. .. ' - r ; j::.vi:.: . . " ' • ' .- .•-; , LWJ-; Duster, manually operated tubular pump, manually carried, steel container, non-removable, 7-3/8 in Ig ; approx. pump data, 2-3/4 in max dia, 9-3/8 in Ig approx, w/discharge "nozzle, fixed dust pattern, pattern 1 ' ' ; A/A, w/extension tube, flexible Duster, manually operated tubular ' pump, manually carried, aluminum • container, removable, 5 Ib capacity, pump data, 3-3/4 in max dia, ; 14 in Ig approx, w/discharge nozzle, fixed dust pattern, wide spreading dust pattern, w/extension tube, flexible w/foot holding pedal FED-RR-D-780 A, N Type I, Class B . Style 6 :i ! Size II . American Cynamid Company New York, N. Y. CODE No. 70361 MODEL No. 50 •rr • N, AF, A �'; s x REFERENCE -DATA • • • ITEM NAME AND DESCRIPTION FUN USING SERVICE 818-6648 ; ^-! •:,:; .;':'. • Fog generator, insecticide, 5 MIL F-898B N gal per hr min discharge, w/forSize 2 ' mulation liquid metering valve, calibrated to give particle sizes "P'/r: In microns, fog outlets are deA'signed to enable pointing in any :••/:••' •-•/ T -fin ~ . direction, n o t equipped f o r. . . . . . ." ;;ij('.i -attaching fog hose, gasoline . : -..j , engine data A/A, compressor or.. . ,; ; ?•/. • ' • ; / ; . blower data, nonpositive dis- . . placement, max capacity in CFM A/A, blast air temp working range A/A, •;;. :-0^':w/formulation tank, W/O agitator, - \ ; .; -.--.'.ir'yVt agitation formed by pump action in • , suction and return line of mani- , ~ ;C r • • ••;-.fold ,.•>.:•:.....:-•• '. •: : - < j - . •- 1-035 691-1776 - • • . ! • - ' • - . . ! of Sprayer, insecticide, manually t a ., FED- RR-S- 62 6 . Type 111 , Class 1 - -carried, manually operated, ...„ . • ; pressure type , continuous spray/ ; ; . , . / ; : sliquld container data , 1 q t capa• , i-040 Size 2 : ; , ''.•,. • •- . . . ' _ , _ ..:^ city, steel, rust resistant ini ; % A ^OaX-q-^terior, plunger type pump, w/dis•, ;1 a^^JO v charge valve, 1 discharge nozzle^ .•'-.•; v "•/-'•;•- t'nonadjustable spray .; • v . ^.. •...•.•..•!-i»- -;i-a • •. t; Sprayer, insecticide, manually .: carried, manually operated, ..,:• pressure type, intermittent spray, . . ^ : liquid container data, 32 02 capa-, u u N ; ' y -hhn-.ivC •?;>: city, steel , removable, plunger Y/i type pump/ w/discharge valve, 2 •. a&. " • . .V ,;• v',^. discharge nozzles, adjustable spray, , . -. rliCO\' ..-;--. w/removable top : ; ',. ,; . , ..,, _ .,_ ... . ,-;n - > 45 141-3285 . . . A, N, AF GSA . : : > "^''r:.:. OSO-1 Idico Products AF, N / A New York , N. Y. CODE No. 99440 MODEL NO. Sure-shot 'iG^-vgs •'•<•(;-. U/'T •••••" ^ lv : . .. 641-4719 Sprayer, insecticide manually . ^. carried, manually operated, pressure type, continuous spray, liquid con-' . • / • tainer data, 2 gal capacity, steel, : rust resistant interior, plunger '' type pump, w/discharge valve, w/2 discharge nozzles, nonadjustable spray, w/carrying strap, 1 carrying strap, w/discharge hose, oil re. sistant treated, w/removable top .MIL-S-14102B 'A/ N, AF, "GSA �NT; M B K R .FUN ITEM NAME AND DESCRIPTION ; REFERENCE DATA USING SERVICE MIL-S-22309 N, AF 1-050 '836-8106 Sprayer, insecticide, manually carried, power driven, electric motor hp rating A/A, AC 115 V 60 cycles, single phase, w/toggle switch, steel container, 4 qt capacity, rust resistant, w/dii\scharge valve, 1 discharge nozzle, adjust- . able spray, w/carrying handle, 1 carrying handle, w/removable top , • •' -• > 1-055 542-4866 Sprayer, insecticide, pushcart MIL-S-52066 A, AF, N mounted, power operated by gaso- , ,.:.',.' ENG DWG D-11080 line engine, rated hp A/A, 2 }'.'.'». 1 THRU 18 wheels, rubber tired, semi•,., , « - ; pneumatic type, designed to be . hand pushed, W/O solution tank, '"". rotary type pump, min rate 0. 5 GPM at 25 PSI, w/pressure regulator, 1 spray gun, 4 discharge nozzles, ad- . justable spray, w/discharge control valve, w/2 discharge hoses, O/A Ig A/A 1-OGO 772-0090 Sprayer, insecticide, frame mounted, gasoline engine driven 1-1/2 rated hp, W/O air blower piston type pump, 180 GPH at 300 PSI, 1 spray gun, 24 in min Ig, interchangeable nozzle tips, discharge nozzle adjustable spray, w/discharge control MIL-S-12511B AF, A, N B/P 132OOE5970 3740-0023 ' 1-065 625-9989 Sprayer, insecticide, skid mounted, gasoline engine driven, fog type, 40 GPH, w/air blower, gear pump, pneumatic atomizing nozzles, with vertically and horizontally spray manifold, w/controls and accessories . MIL-S-52185 AF, N, A, B/P 132OOE5340 MC , *,. �INDEX JUMBERr . FIIN ITEM NAME AND DESCRIPTION - 0 7 0 , J 565-6076 Fumigation Kit-Portable . S -075 -080 Delouser Outfit, Power Driven, Gasoline Engine t ; Unassigned '.) \ '':<?-ijf '•"' ' .•' ^ ;1 '-'• - ' 'MIL-D-2457C At N, AF ''","' Sprayer and Duster, In- : "'." " secticide, Power Driven '"""'"•'. Gasoline Engine aireooled,'/ v trailer mounted, 2 wheels A " ! l rubber tired, pneumatic type, turbine type, 12000 ' : ' : ~ CFM @ 150 MPH, rated air '"' discharge @ rated velocity, 50 gal capacity solution tank 4 cu ft capacity dust hopper, w/turntable ' ; USING SERVICE MIL-F-54000 A, N, AF, .- ' x . ; -,.: i - v ^ - M C • . . • ; - ' i 224-8636 REFERENCE DATA ;-L A, N ..050- �INfEX NO. CONTROL CATEGORY CONTAINER ITEM NAME SPECIFICATION FUN r 1. II Rodenticide, Anticoagulant Bait, Ready-to-Use 5 Pound Can O-R-00500 753-4973 2. II Rodenticide, Anticoagulant Concentrate (Water- Soluble) (In Cereal Baits, to be Diluted 1:9) 1 Pound Can O-R-497 753-4972 3. II Rodenticide, Calcium Cyanide 5 Pound Can O-R-501 264-6684 4. II Rodenticide, Zinc Phosphide 1 Ounce Bottle O-R-511 285-7091 5. r Insecticide, DDT, Residual Type 5 Gallon Can 0-1-531 253-3892 Insecticide, DDT (20 Percent Solution) 55 Gallon Drum 0-1-509 281-3462 Insecticide, DDT-Lindane, Indoor Fogging (10 Percent DDT and 2 Percent Lindane) 5 Gallon Drum MIL-I-12262 285-4307 Insecticide, Diazinon (0. 5 Percent Diazinon) 1 Gallon Can MIL-I-21177 844-7355 II Insecticide, Chlordane WaterEmulsifiable Concentrate (72 Percent Chlordane) 5 Gallon Pail 0-1-515 270-8262 II Insecticide, Diazinon, Powder ^Percent Diazinon) 25 Pound Pail MIL-1-22772 753-503'- Spray (5 Percent DDT) II 8. 10. �INDEX .NO. 11. CONTROL CATEGORY II .ITEM NAME CONTAINER SPECIFICATION FUN J -;ecticide, DDT, Water- Emulsifiable Concentrate (25 Percent DDT) 5 Gallon Drum 0-1-558 246-643 j. 12. II Insecticide, Dieldrin, Water Emulsifiable Concentrate (15 Percent Dieldrin) 5 Gallon Drum 0-1-522 264-9043 13. II Insecticide, Lindane, Water Emulsifiable Concentrate (12 Percent Lindane) 5 Gallon Drum 0-1-533 242-4213 14. III Insecticide, Malathion, Powder" dusting (l Percent Malathion) 25 Pound Pail MIL-I-51063 823-7945 15. II Insecticide, ;^l-:thion, Wate.r Emulsifiable Concc ;.• irate (57 Percent 1 Gallon Can MIL-J-40025 655-9222 16. II Insecticide, Malathion, Water Emulsi fiable Concentrate (57 Percent Malathion) 5 Gallon Drum MIL-I-40025 .685-5438 17. II Insecticide, Malathion, Water Emulsi fiable Concentrate (57 Percent Malathion) 55 Gallon Drum MIL-I-40025 685-5437 18. II Insecticide, DDT, -'Water Dispersible Powder (75 Percent DDT) 15.Pound Pail 0-1-568 264-6692 Insecticide, Pyrethrin Aerosol 12 Ounce Each 0-1-507 Type I Size 1 823-7849 �INDEX NO. CONTROL CATEGORY ITEM NAME CONTAINER SPECIFICATION 5 Pound Pail MIL-I-21036 543-7825 FUN 20. II Insecticide, Chlordane, Dust (5 Percent Chlordane) 21. 22. I Insecticide, DDT, Powder, Dusting (10 Percent DDT) 2 Ounce Can 25 Pound Pail 0-1-578 0-1-578 274-5415 252-3002 23. 24. I Insecticide, Lindane, Powder Dusting (1 Percent Lindane) 2 Ounce Can 25 Pound Drum MIL- 1- 11 490 MIL- 1- 11 490 242-4217 24-2-4219 25. II Insecticide, Methyl Bromide (100%) 150 Pound Cylinder 0-1-566 Type II 281-8245 26. •II Insecticide, Methyl Bromide (98%) (Odorized) 1 Pound Can 0-1-566 Type I 823-7946 27. II Insecticide, Methyl Bromide (98%) (Odorizsd) 150 Pound Cylinder 0-1-566 Type I 680-0142 28. II Insect Repellent Clothing Application (Formula M1960) 1 Gallon Can MIL-R-12123 270-6200 29. I Insect Repellent Personal Application (75 Percent Diethyltoluamide) 2 Ounce Polyethylene Bottle 0-1-503 Type II Solution A 753-4963 30. II Insect Repellent, Clothing Application (90 Percent Benzylberrzoate) 1 Gallon Can MIL-I-51022 281-2062 �.INDEX NO. 31. CONTROL CATEGORY 'CONTAINER SPECIFICATION II Insect Repellent, Clothing Personal Application (75 Percent. Die ihyltohi:: 1 Gallon Can 0--I-503 Type II Solution A 864-5-130 Insect Repellent Personal Application (75 Percent Diethyltoludmide Pressurized Spray) Ill 32. 33. •ITEM NAM:-.: 6 Ounce Pressurized Dispenser Cam 0-1-503 Type III Size 2 O B ? 2341 Fungicide, Pentachlorphenol (5%) Moisture Retardant 55 Gallon Drum TT-W-572 Type II Comp. A 597-3606 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange Description An account of the resource <p style="margin-top: -1em; line-height: 1.2em;">The Alvin L. Young Collection on Agent Orange comprises 120 linear feet and spans the late 1800s to 2005; however, the bulk of the coverage is from the 1960s to the 1980s and there are many undated items. The collection was donated to Special Collections of the National Agricultural Library in 1985 by Dr. Alvin L. Young (1942- ). Dr. Young developed the collection as he conducted extensive research on the military defoliant Agent Orange. The collection is in good condition and includes letters, memoranda, books, reports, press releases, journal and newspaper clippings, field logs and notebooks, newsletters, maps, booklets and pamphlets, photographs, memorabilia, and audiotapes of an interview with Dr. Young.</p> <p>For more about this collection, <a href="/exhibits/speccoll/exhibits/show/alvin-l--young-collection-on-a">view the Agent Orange Exhibit.</a></p> Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Box The box containing the original item. 018 Folder The folder containing the original item. 0213 Series The series number of the original item. Series II Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource <strong>Corporate Author: </strong>The Armed Forces Pest Control Board Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1963-12-01 Title A name given to the resource Current Pest Control Recommendations Subject The topic of the resource pest control methods pesticide application