Research Publications (Food Safety)

After the legislative ban on the utilization of antibiotics in animal feed, phytochemical substances gained increasing attention as alternatives to antibiotics because of their bioactivities and safety for animals. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of dietary rosemary extract (RE) on growth performance, meat quality, serum biochemistry, antioxidant and immune capacities, and gut microbiota composition of broilers.

Shigella sonnei is the most common Shigella spp. in developed areas and the second most common in undeveloped regions. In this study, a multiple cross displacement amplification (MCDA) assay was used in combination with a lateral flow biosensor (LFB) assay to detect virulent S. sonnei strains containing the ipaH and wbgX genes. The multiplex MCDA-LFB assay detected wbgX at ≥1 pg/μL and ipaH at ≥10 fg/μL within 30 min in pure cultures maintained at 63°C.

Tellurite [Te(IV)] is a high-toxicity metalloid. In this study, a fungus with high Te(IV) resistance was isolated. Strain AB1 could efficiently reduce highly toxic Te(IV) to less toxic Te(0). The reduced products formed rod-shaped biogenetic Te(0) nanoparticles (Bio-TeNPs) intracellularly. Further TEM-element mapping, FTIR, and XPS analysis showed that the extracted Bio-TeNPs ranged from 100 to 500 nm and consisted of Te(0), proteins, lipids, aromatic compounds, and carbohydrates.

Eggs constitute an important part of the Moroccan diet. However, contaminated eggs can cause a serious public health problem if consumed undercooked, uncooked, or used in unpasteurized egg foodstuffs. This study was carried out to evaluate the microbial contents of eggs according to their sales sector in Morocco.

Enteric infectious diseases account for more than a billion disease episodes yearly worldwide resulting in approximately 2 million deaths, with children under 5 years old and the elderly being disproportionally affected. Enteric pathogens comprise viruses, parasites, and bacteria; the latter including pathogens such as Salmonella [typhoidal (TS) and non-typhoidal (nTS)], cholera, Shigella and multiple pathotypes of Escherichia coli (E. coli).

The effects of brewers’ spent grain (BSG) diets on the fatty liver deposition and the cecal microbial community were investigated in a total of 320 healthy 5-day-old Landes geese. These geese were randomly and evenly divided into 4 groups each containing 8 replicates and 10 geese per replicate. These four groups of geese were fed from the rearing stage (days 5–60) to the overfeeding stage (days 61–90).

Gut microbiota plays a critical role in the healthy growth and development of young animals. However, there are few studies on the gut microbiota of young Hainan black goats. In this study, 12 three-month-old weaned lambs with the same birth date were selected and divided into the high body weight group (HW) and low body weight group (LW).

by Ilia Gelfat, Yousuf Aqeel, Jacqueline M. Tremblay, Justyna J. Jaskiewicz, Anishma Shrestha, James N. Lee, Shenglan Hu, Xi Qian, Loranne Magoun, Abhineet Sheoran, Daniela Bedenice, Colter Giem, Avinash Manjula-Basavanna, Amanda R. Pulsifer, Hann X. Tu, Xiaoli Li, Marilyn L. Minus, Marcia S. Osburne, Saul Tzipori, Charles B. Shoemaker, John M. Leong, Neel S.

mBio, Ahead of Print. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of Shigella flexneri remains largely unknown. To understand the impact of the gut microbiota on S. flexneri virulence, we examined the effect of interspecies interactions with Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a prominent member of the gut microbiota, on S. flexneri invasion. When grown in B. thetaiotaomicron-conditioned medium, S.

The enteroinvasive bacterium Shigella flexneri is known as a highly host-adapted human pathogen. There had been no known other reservoirs reported until recently. Here 34 isolates obtained from animals (yaks, dairy cows and beef cattle) from 2016 to 2017 and 268 human S. flexneri isolates from China were sequenced to determine the relationships between animal and human isolates and infer the evolutionary history of animal-associated S.

Dyslipidemia (DL) is one of the most common lifestyle-related diseases. There are few reports showing the causal relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and DL. In the present study, we used a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model (LiNGAM) to evaluate the causal relationship between GM and DL. A total of 79 men and 82 women aged 40 years or older living in Shika-machi, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan were included in the analysis, and their clinical information was investigated.

Mastitis, mainly caused by bacterial intramammary infections, is the main problem in the breeding of dairy animals. The inflammations of the mammary gland is separated by types of mastitis, being subclinical, clinical, and the most severe, gangrenous mastitis. Here, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize the bacterial microbiota of goat milk in the different types of goat mastitis caused by bacteria.

By combining the experiments of reciprocal crosses of chicken infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis), we focused on the common response of cecal microbiota to an inflammatory state in respect of transcriptome and microbiome. The inoculation of S. Enteritidis improved the microbial diversity and promoted the microbiota evolution in our infection model.

The continuously high numbers of food-borne disease outbreaks document that current intervention techniques are not yet satisfactory. This study describes a novel wash for tomatoes that can be used as part of the food processing chain and is designed to prevent contamination with serovars of Salmonella enterica. The wash contains ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) at a concentration of 8% in H2O. This wash reduced live bacterial counts (on Salmonella Shigella agar) of externally added S.

Journal of Bacteriology, Ahead of Print. Shigella flexneri implements the Wzy-dependent pathway to biosynthesize the O antigen (Oag) component of its surface lipopolysaccharide.

Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. are known as the leading causes of food poisoning worldwide. In this study, we developed a new multiple fluorescent saltatory rolling circle amplification (MF-SRCA) assay for simultaneous and sensitive detection of Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. in food based on the generation of real-time fluorescence curves that distinguish the positive from the negative samples.

The gut microbiome is essential for a host to digest food, maintain health, and adapt to environments. Bacterial communities of gut microbiota are influenced by diverse factors including host physiology and the environment. Many non-human primates (NHPs), which are physiologically close to humans, are in danger of extinction.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered a sink and a source of antibiotic resistance. In this study, we applied both culture-dependent and SmartChip-based culture-independent approaches for the investigation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) at Jungnang (JN), located in the Han River, Seoul, South Korea, for 2 years, i.e., 2017 and 2018.

In recent years, many reports focus on the hepatotoxicity of Gynura segetum root extract (GSrE), but the interaction between GSrE and the gut microbiota is still unclear. This study investigated the mechanism of GSrE-induced hepatotoxicity of different doses and exposure durations by combining metabolomics and gut microbiota analysis. SD rats were divided into 3 groups: blank, low-dose (7.5 g/kg), and high-dose (15 g/kg) groups.

mBio, Ahead of Print.

Multiple drug-resistant (MDR) Shigella isolates have been reported worldwide. Between May 2017 and September 2018, 55 Shigella flexneri 2a isolates were collected from 3322 stool samples of 0–10-year-old outpatients with diarrhea at the Children's Hospital of Urumqi, China. All isolates were characterized using serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole-genome sequencing.

In the worldwide health threat posed by antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) play a critical role in favoring the dissemination of resistance genes. Among them, the genomic island GIsul2 and the ISCR-related element CR2-sul2 unit are believed to participate in this dissemination. However, the mobility of the two elements has not yet been demonstrated.

The gastrointestinal microbial community plays a crucial role in host health, immunity, protection, development and provides nutrients to the host. The rising human-induced pollution and heavy metal contamination in all aquatic systems globally has led us to explore the gut microbial diversity of two exotic invasive fish Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1858) and Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus,1857) from river Yamuna, India.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Ahead of Print. Shigella invasion plasmid antigen B (IpaB) plays an important role in causing shigellosis. While IpaB’s protein structure, contribution to disease mechanism, and protective immunity against Shigella infection have been well studied, the significance of individual antigenic domains, especially at the N terminus, has not been systematically characterized.

International Journal of Food Science & Technology, Accepted Article. Shigella is the main cause of endemic diarrhoea in low-income countries. Fast and accurate detection of this pathogen can effectively prevent the consumption of contaminated food and reduce the risk of diarrhoea outbreaks. Recently, a competitive annealing mediated isothermal amplification (CAMP) assay was proposed as a novel nucleic acid detection technology.