Research Publications (Food Safety)

Author(s): Malgorzata Emanowicz, Joseph Meade, Catherine Burgess, Declan Bolton, John Egan, Helen Lynch, Lisa O'Connor, Aidan Coffey, Brigid Lucey, Montserrat Gutierrez, William Byrne, Rosemarie Slowey, Paul Whyte

Author(s): Amin N. Olaimat, Murad A. Al-Holy, Mahmoud H. Abu Ghoush, Anas A. Al-Nabulsi, Tareq M. Osaili, Mutamed Ayyah, Yahya S. Al-Degs, Richard A. Holley Recently, the consumption of hummus has become popular in the United States, European countries, and Canada, and unfortunately, several foodborne outbreaks and recalls have been reported due to its contamination with Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica.

Author(s): Wangwang Shen, Hui Chen, Jiawei Geng, Ricardo A. Wu, Xiang Wang, Tian Ding The epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella spp. in pork have been widely studied in China, but the results remain inconsistent. This study aimed to summarize the epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella spp. isolated from pork, including its prevalence, serovar distribution, and antibiotic resistance rate. We systematically reviewed published studies on Salmonella spp.

Author(s): Grace Dewi, Shijinaraj Manjankattil, Claire Peichel, Shiliang Jia, Divek Nair, Zata Vickers, Timothy J. Johnson, Carol Cardona, Sally Noll, Anup Kollanoor Johny Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) is a highly invasive human pathogen for which turkeys can serve as reservoir hosts. Colonization of turkeys with SH may result in potential contamination and is a greater challenge to prevent in comminuted products.

Author(s): Silvia Mošovská, Veronika Medvecká, Matej Klas, Stanislav Kyzek, Ľubomír Valík, Anna Mikulajová, Anna Zahoranová

Author(s): Simona Lencova, Kamila Zdenkova, Katerina Demnerova, Hana Stiborova

Author(s): Samuel Cimowsky, Govindaraj Dev Kumar, Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da Silva, Elizabeth White, William L. Kerr, Camila Rodrigues, Vijay K. Juneja, Laurel L. Dunn

During the 1854 cholera outbreak in Florence, Italy, Filippo Pacini documented that the cause of the infection was a bacterium. This conclusion was also independently reached by John Snow during the 1854 cholera outbreak in London. By using an epidemiological method, Snow found that the infection spread through a polluted water network. Snow identified a water pump as the source of the disease. After removing the infected handle of this pump, the cases of cholera rapidly began to decrease.

The genus Salmonella is closely associated with foodborne outbreaks and animal diseases, and reports of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella species are frequent.

Abstract Extending the shelf-life and ensuring microbiological safety of food products while preserving the nutritional properties are key aspects that must be addressed. Heat processing of food matrices has been the golden standard during the last decades, while certain non-thermal processing options have recently gained ground. In the present study, experimental pulsed light (PL) surface inactivation treatments of Salmonella enteritidis on almonds kernels are performed.

The current routine laboratory practices to investigate food samples in case of foodborne outbreaks still rely on attempts to isolate the pathogen in order to characterize it. We present in this study a proof of concept using Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli spiked food samples for a strain-level metagenomics foodborne outbreak investigation method using the MinION and Flongle flow cells from Oxford Nanopore Technologies, and we compared this to Illumina short-read-based metagenomics.

Oregano essential oil (OEO), as a natural antimicrobial, has gained increased interest from food researchers and manufacturers. However, a few studies have investigated its possible antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus using the proteomic tool. The present study aimed to explore the antibacterial effect and mechanism of a carvacrol-rich OEO extracted from Origanum vulgare “Hot & Spicy” on the inactivation of S. aureus.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) ST1193 is an emerging fluoroquinolones-resistant and virulent lineage. Large gaps remain in our understanding of the evolutionary processes and differences of this lineage. Therefore, we used 76 E. coli ST1193 genomes to detect strain-level genetic diversity and phylogeny of this lineage globally. All E. coli ST1193 possessed fimH64, filCH5, and fumC14. There was 94.7% of isolates classified as O-type O75. There was 9.33% of E.

The prevailing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 highlights the desperate need of alternative vaccine-platforms, which are safe, effective, and can be modified to carry antigens of emerging pathogens. The current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines based on mRNA and adenoviral vector technology meet some of these criteria but still face limitations regarding administration route, mass production, stability, and storage.

Milk is easy to be contaminated by microorganisms due to its abundant nutrients. In this study, a 360-degree radiation thermosonication (TS) system was developed and utilized for the inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus in milk. The 360-degree radiation TS system-induced inactivation kinetics of S. aureus was fitted best by the Weibull model compared with biphasic and linear models.

by Julie Haendiges, Gordon R. Davidson, James B. Pettengill, Elizabeth Reed, Padmini Ramachandran, Tyann Blessington, Jesse D. Miller, Nathan Anderson, Sam Myoda, Eric W. Brown, Jie Zheng, Rohan Tikekar, Maria Hoffmann Pistachios have been implicated in two salmonellosis outbreaks and multiple recalls in the U.S.

W. E. Sander et al. Coxiella burnetii, the causative bacterium of the zoonotic disease Q fever, has been documented in many different species. We describe documented turtles that were PCR positive for C. burnetii from multiple locations in Illinois and Wisconsin, USA. Assessing the conservation implications, reservoir potential, and zoonotic risk requires further research.

With the acquirement of antibiotic resistance, Shigella has resulted in multiple epidemics of shigellosis, an infectious diarrheal disease, causing thousands of deaths per year. Unfortunately, there are no licensed vaccines, primarily due to low or serotype-specific immunogenicity. Thus, conserved subunit vaccines utilizing recombinant invasion plasmid antigens (Ipa) have been explored as cross-protective vaccine candidates.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to quantify the effects of processing stages and interventions on the prevalence and concentration of Campylobacter on broiler carcasses.

Olives from the Sigoise, Verdale, and Sevillana cultivars were elaborated as Spanish-style table olives by four Algerian factories, and the quality and food safety of the industrial table olives have been studied by the analysis of physicochemical and microbiological parameters.

In pigs, antimicrobial use (AMU) practices vary at different production phases between herds and between countries. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development is linked to AMU but recognized as a multi-factorial issue, and thus, any information increasing knowledge of AMU and AMR relationships is valuable.

Increasing evidences suggest that the gut microbiota have their contributions to the hypertension, but the metagenomic characteristics and potential regulating mechanisms in primary hypertension patients taking antihypertension drugs are not clear yet. We carried out a metagenomic analysis in 30 primary hypertension patients taking antihypertension medications and eight healthy adults without any medication.

Mycobacteria encounter a number of environmental changes during infection and respond using different mechanisms. Small RNA (sRNA) is a post-transcriptionally regulatory system for gene functions and has been investigated in many other bacteria. This study used Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection models and sequenced whole bacterial RNAs before and after host cell infection.

From May 2015 to March 2016, a severe outbreak due to Listeria monocytogenes ST7 strain occurred in Central Italy and caused 24 confirmed clinical cases. The epidemic strain was deeply investigated using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. In the interested area, the foodborne outbreak investigation identified a meat food-producing plant contaminated by the outbreak strain, carried by pork-ready-to-eat products.

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common disease, the incidence of which is increasing according to Western lifestyle; it remains to have a poor prognosis. Western nutriments are presumed to induce mild inflammation within the colonic mucosa, resulting in the accumulation of DNA alterations in colonocytes through a multistage carcinogenesis process. This suggests that most CRCs are related to the environment.