Research Publications (Food Safety)

Adhesion to host cells is a key step for successful infection of many bacterial pathogens and may define tropism to different host tissues. To do so, bacteria display adhesins on their surfaces. Brucella is an intracellular pathogen capable of proliferating in a wide variety of cell types.

Background As drug development has globalized, trials have increasingly enrolled participants from all parts of the world rather than just the United States and Western Europe. For antibacterial drug trials, understanding enrollment trends and regional differences is important for generalizability considerations.

The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw beef and in slaughterhouse environments was investigated from April 2019 to February 2020. Three hundred raw beef samples were purchased from 50 retailers and 10 restaurants (5 samples per source). One hundred and thirty-four samples from slaughterhouse environments were collected by swabbing (10 × 10 cm) the surfaces, gloves, splitting saw, and drains. L.

Author(s): Xinyang Huang, Xun Yang, Xiaorong Shi, David L. Erickson, T.G. Nagaraja, Jianghong Meng

Science-based guidance employed at eight small and very small state and federally inspected ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and poultry processors across Michigan was assessed. Data was collected to determine the current level of sanitary control methods used for reducing Listeria in the processing environment and compared interactions with the facility microbial results. A checklist was created to assess the current recommended sanitary control methods from the U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S.

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is a form of thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to an infection by an enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Historically considered a pediatric disease, its presentation has been described as typical, with bloody diarrhea at the forefront. However, in adults, the clinical presentation is more diverse and makes the early diagnosis hazardous.

There is increasing attention toward factors that potentially contribute to antibiotic resistance (AR), as well as an interest in exploring the emergence and occurrence of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB). We monitored six ARBs that cause hospital outbreaks in wastewater influent to highlight the presence of these ARBs in the general population.

Aquaculture Nutrition, EarlyView. The present study was conducted to evaluate the supplemental effects of fermented noni juice on growth performance, immune response, antioxidant status, intestinal microflora and disease resistance of yellow catfish that fed with high‐fat diet. Triplicate groups of yellow catfish (1.00 ± 0.05 g) were fed two levels of lipid (80.00 and 160.00 g/kg dry matter) and two levels of fermented noni juice (0.00 and 20.00 g/kg dry matter) for 56 days.

Salmonella comprises two species and more than 2500 serovars with marked differences in host specificity, and is responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from localized gastroenteritis to severe life-threatening invasive disease. The initiation of the host inflammatory response, triggered by many Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) that Salmonella possesses, recruits innate immune cells in order to restrain the infection at the local site.

Microbes support their growth in vertebrate hosts by exploiting a large variety of dietary components as nutrients, which determines the composition of gut microbiota. A pathogen Salmonella expands by utilizing 1,2-propanediol, a microbiota-fermented product, during mucosal inflammation. However, it remains largely unknown how the pathogen decides which nutrient to consume from the complex mixture in the gut.

Sea cucumbers are considered healthy and high in nutritive value. Conversely however, limited consumption of sea cucumbers has been reported in many parts of the world. This study was done to produce a ready-to-prepare soup mix incorporating the sea cucumber aiming to popularize the sea cucumber consumption. The highly abundant low-value Bohadschia vitiensis in the coastal waters of Sri Lanka was selected to prepare this soup mix. Fresh B.

A total of 300 human fecal samples were collected from febrile neutropenic patients suffering from severe gastroenteritis, followed by identification and serological characterization of recovered isolates. Fifty nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars were recovered. A total of serologically identified 50 NTS serovars recovered from poultry of the same geographical area and during the same period as well as one standard strain S.

The emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) represent a major clinical problem and raise serious health concerns. The present study aimed to investigate and ascertain the occurrence of CRE among hospitalized patients of Mohamed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco. Biological samples were collected over a one-year period (2018). The bacterial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS.

Letters in Applied Microbiology, Accepted Article. High pressure homogenization (HPH) offers new opportunities for food pasteurization/sterilization. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus suspended in PBS buffer, milk and apple juice at initial concentration of ~106 log10CFU/mL were subjected to HPH treatments up to 200 MPa with inlet temperatures at 4 ‐ 40 ºC. After HPH at 200 MPa with the inlet temperature at 40 ºC, the count of E.

Author(s): Jihwan Lim, Eungyung Kim, Yeseul Shin, Jee-hoon Ryu, Hoikyung Kim

Author(s): Surendra Rasamsetti, Mark Berrang, Nelson A. Cox, Nikki W. Shariat

by Jacob Schön, Angele Breithaupt, Dirk Höper, Jacqueline King, Anne Pohlmann, Rokshana Parvin, Klaus-Peter Behr, Bernd-Andreas Schwarz, Martin Beer, Jürgen Stech, Timm Harder, Christian Grund

Previous research has demonstrated a high prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in the bulk tank milk on large industrial dairy farms of the central and eastern European region. The aim of this survey was to estimate the prevalence of specific IgG antibodies to C. burnetii proving previous infection among dairy farm workers and to determine the possible risk factors.

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) represents a first-line treatment for spasticity, a common disabling consequence of many neurological diseases. Electrical stimulation of motor nerve endings has been reported to boost the effect of BoNT-A. To date, a wide range of stimulation protocols has been proposed in the literature. We conducted a systematic review of current literature on the protocols of electrical stimulation to boost the effect of BoNT-A injection in patients with spasticity.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial infections because of its high resistance. Here, we study the antibiotic resistance in MRSA clinical isolates and their relation to integron I occurrence. A total of 88 clinical Staphylococcusaureus isolates were collected. MRSA were identified by the disk diffusion method (DDM) and confirmed by PCR, and antibiogram was determined by DDM. Integron I, II and the aacA4 gene were investigated by PCR.

ABSTRACT LcrF is the master regulator that positively regulates the Ysc type III secretion system (T3SS) in Yersinia and shares a high similarity with the DNA-binding domain of the T3SS master regulator ExsA in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Based on these features, bioinformatics analysis has predicted a putative LcrF-binding site in its target promoters. Here, we experimentally characterized its binding motif.

Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7), one of the most widespread foodborne pathogens, can cause a series of diseases and even lead to death. In this study, a highly sensitive method was developed by combining aptamer-exonuclease III (Exo III)–assisted amplification with lateral flow assay (LFA) based on gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The compound of single-stranded (ss) DNA-anti-E. coli O157:H7 aptamer (ssDNA-aptamer) was formed by hybridization between designed target ssDNA and aptamer.

The use of drugs and antibiotics has increased the resistance of pathogenic bacteria in both animals and humans. This has been a significant problem and therefore triggers the investigation of novel antimicrobial agents produced by a bacterial strain of low virulence and having antimicrobial activity with a wide range of clinical significance. The use of bacteriocin has been extensively used in food industries, animals, and pharmaceutical industries.

It has not been a good year for faecal microbiota transplantation.