Research Publications (Food Safety)

Author(s): Yun Zhang, Ming Yan, Weiyan Shan, Tao Zhang, Yunchen Shen, Ruirong Zhu, Jian Fang, Hongjiao Mao

Author(s): Phirabhat Saengsawang, Decha Pangjai, Gunn Kaewmongkol, Tawin Inpankaew

Author(s): Viviana Maresca, Erika Bellini, Simone Landi, Giorgia Capasso, Piergiorgio Cianciullo, Federica Carraturo, Stergios Pirintsos, Sergio Sorbo, Luigi Sanità di Toppi, Sergio Esposito, Adriana Basile

Author(s): Xiongkai Zheng, Mengyao Zou, Bowen Zhang, Weibin Lai, Xianming Zeng, Siyuan Chen, Mengting Wang, Xiaoyun Yi, Xueqin Tao, Guining Lu

Abstract

Despite the enormous burden of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) on patients, caregivers, and society, only a few treatments with limited efficacy are currently available. While drug development conventionally focuses on disease-associated proteins, RNA has recently been shown to be druggable for therapeutic purposes as well.

Larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, are a convenient in vivo model for assessing the activity and toxicity of antimicrobial agents and for studying the immune response to pathogens and provide results similar to those from mammals. G. mellonella larvae are now widely used in academia and industry and their use can assist in the identification and evaluation of novel antimicrobial agents.

Biosurfactants derived from different microbes are an alternative to chemical surfactants, which have broad applications in food, oil, biodegradation, cosmetic, agriculture, pesticide and medicine/pharmaceutical industries. This is due to their environmentally friendly, biocompatible, biodegradable, effectiveness to work under various environmental conditions and non-toxic nature.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) develops after a pathogen adheres to the inner lining of the urinary tract. Cases of UTIs are predominantly caused by several Gram-negative bacteria and account for high morbidity in the clinical and community settings. Of greater concern are the strains carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-conferring genes. The gravity of a UTI is also determined by a spectrum of other virulence factors.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a causative pathogen of several human infectious diseases including community-acquired pneumonia. Pneumolysin (PLY), a pore-forming toxin, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia. In recent years, the use of traditional natural substances for prevention has drawn attention because of the increasing antibacterial drug resistance of S. pneumoniae. According to some studies, green tea exhibits antibacterial and antitoxin activities.

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria is a group of highly dangerous antibiotic resistant Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. They cause infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the rapid detection of KPC-producing bacteria plays a key role in clinical microbiology.

Treatment strategies of infection by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are limited. Fosfomycin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, has attracted renewed interest in combination therapy to fight K. pneumoniae infections. However, reports on fosfomycin-resistant K. pneumoniae are increasing. Among the 57 CRKP strains, 40 (70.2%) were resistant to fosfomycin.

The prebiotics- and probiotics-mediated positive modulation of the gut microbiota composition is considered a useful approach to improve gut health and food safety in chickens. This study explored the effects of yeast β-glucan (YG) supplementation on intestinal microbiome and metabolites profiles as well as mucosal immunity in older hens. A total of 256 43-week-old hens were randomly assigned to two treatments, with 0 and 200 mg/kg of YG.

In the originally published version of this manuscript [Cannon LJ, Lopman BA, Payne DC, et al. Birth Cohort Studies Assessing Norovirus Infection and Immunity in Young Children: A Review.

by S. M. Mazidur Rahman, Rumana Nasrin, Arfatur Rahman, Shahriar Ahmed, Razia Khatun, Mohammad Khaja Mafij Uddin, Md. Mojibur Rahman, Sayera Banu

Background

by Hisatomo Waga, Hajo Eicken, Toru Hirawake, Yasushi Fukamachi

Author(s): Manlu Wang, Juan He, Jin Luo, Jing Hu, Xiandeng Hou

Author(s): Lida Abdolmohammadi Khiav, Anahita Emadi, Azadeh Zahmatkesh

The use of antimicrobials in formulations of ready-to-eat meat and poultry products has been identified as a major strategy to control Listeria monocytogenes . The USDA-FSIS recommends no more than 2-logs of Listeria outgrowth over the stated shelf life if antimicrobials are used as a control measure for a product with post-lethality environmental exposure. This study was designed to understand the efficacy of a clean label antimicrobial against the growth of L.

The Food Safety Modernization Act’s Produce Safety Rule sets forth minimum standards for fruit and vegetable production in the U.S. One provision states that growers must not harvest dropped produce, as damage or ground contact may contaminate produce. An unpublished survey of 2020 food safety inspections conducted by the Northeast Center to Advance Food Safety identified handling of dropped covered produce as a common misunderstanding and non-compliance issue among Northeast growers.

Foodborne Salmonellosis is commonly associated with poultry and poultry products necessitating continued development of pre- and post-harvest food safety interventions and risk management strategies. Evaluating technologies and strategies is limited by availability of cost-effective, rapid laboratory methods.

The neutropenic diet has long been a dietary prescription for immunocompromised patients. Its effectiveness and consistency, unfortunately, have been constantly challenged. Researchers and healthcare policymakers call for liberalization of neutropenic diet, which shifts risk management strategies from excluding claimed “high-risk” food items to focus on safe food handling. The responsibility of food safety falls on foodservice workers in a healthcare setting.

Members of Shewanella are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, some of which have been implicated in human infections. The progenitors of antibiotic resistance genes with clinical relevance, such as qnrA genes, have been identified in Shewanella.

Maintaining membrane integrity is of paramount importance to the survival of bacteria as the membrane is the site of multiple crucial cellular processes including energy generation, nutrient uptake and antimicrobial efflux. The DedA family of integral membrane proteins are widespread in bacteria and are associated with maintaining the integrity of the membrane. In addition, DedA proteins have been linked to resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials in various microorganisms.

Vibrio cholerae, an important waterborne pathogen, is a rod-shaped bacterium that naturally exists in aquatic environments. When conditions are unfavorable for growth, the bacterium can undergo morphological and physiological changes to assume a coccoid morphology. This stage in its life cycle is referred to as viable but non-culturable (VBNC) because VBNC cells do not grow on conventional bacteriological culture media.