Research Publications (Food Safety)

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a Swedish clinical strain of Yersinia enterocolitica, Y72. With emerging Yersinia outbreaks circulating in Nordic countries, the Y72 genome will provide more insights on the genetic relatedness and antibiotic resistance dissemination in future studies.

by Bezalem Tesfaye Araya, Kirubel Eshetu Ali, Dereje Assefa Geleta, Saba Gebremichael Tekele, Kassu Desta Tulu

Background

Author(s): Ramasamy Harikrishnan, Gunapathy Devi, Hien Van Doan, Chellam Balasundaram, Subramanian Thamizharasan, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab

Author(s): Kaat Neckermann, Gregor Claus, Siegrid De Baere, Gunther Antonissen, Sarah Lebrun, Céline Gemmi, Bernard Taminiau, Caroline Douny, Marie-Louise Scippo, Dian Schatzmayr, James Gathumbi, Silvio Uhlig, Siska Croubels, Véronique Delcenserie

Author(s): Daniel Berdejo, Elisa Pagán, Natalia Merino, Diego García-Gonzalo, Rafael Pagán

Author(s): Anura Upasanta-Kumara Wickrama-Arachchige, Keerthi S. Guruge, Yuriko Inagaki, Hinako Tani, Tilak Siri Dharmaratne, Yasuaki Niizuma, Takeshi Ohura

There are two main strategies for antibiotic discovery: target-based and phenotypic screening. The latter has been much more successful in delivering first-in-class antibiotics, despite the major bottleneck of delayed Mechanism-of-Action (MOA) identification. Although finding new antimicrobial compounds is a very challenging task, identifying their MOA has proven equally challenging.

Antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are regularly detected in livestock. As pathogens, they cause difficult-to-treat infections and, as commensals, they may serve as a source of resistance genes for other bacteria. Slaughterhouses produce significant amounts of wastewater containing antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMRB), which are released into the environment.

Antimicrobial and multidrug resistance is detected in nonaureus staphylococci, including Staphylococcus chromogenes, which commonly causes intramammary infections. Recent clinical studies point to the presence of methicillin-resistant S. chromogenes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of this species in samples of sheep‘s milk and cheeses made from them.

Bacterial infections have been treated effectively by antibiotics since the discovery of penicillin in 1928. A worldwide increase in the use of antibiotics led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains in almost all bacterial pathogens, which complicates the treatment of infectious diseases. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria play an important role in increasing the risk associated with the usage of surface waters (e.g., irrigation, recreation) and the spread of the resistance genes.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Volume 20, Issue 3, Page 2332-2381, May 2021. Aflatoxins represent a global public health and economic concern as they are responsible for significant adverse health and economic issues affecting consumers and farmers worldwide. Produced by fungal species from the Aspergillus genus, aflatoxins are a toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic group of fungal metabolites that routinely contaminate food and agricultural products.

Journal of Applied Toxicology, EarlyView. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal widely found in the environment. Cd is also a potential neurotoxicant, and its exposure is associated with impairment of cognitive function. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Cd induces neurotoxicity are unclear. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effect of Cd on primary murine neural stem/progenitor cells (mNS/PCs) isolated from the subventricular zone.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Volume 20, Issue 3, Page 2264-2264, May 2021.

Introduction

Interactions between the gut microbiota and enteroendocrine cells play important role in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Reduced stem cell densities and their differentiation into enteroendocrine cells may cause abnormal densities of the duodenal enteroendocrine cells in IBS patients.

Materials and Methods

ABSTRACT

We investigated the impact of peroxyacetic acid (PAA; 200 ppm) spray on the microbiota and shelf life of commercial, vacuum-packed beef stored at chiller temperatures. Ribeye cuts (n = 147) were collected from a local beef plant on the day of production for two consecutive days, with one set collected at the start of work with the PAA spray nozzles turned off (control) and during routine production with the PAA spray nozzles turned on (PAA) each day.

Cattle are asymptomatic carriers of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains that can cause serious illness or death in humans. In New Zealand, contact with cattle feces and living near cattle populations are known risk factors for human STEC infection. Contamination of fresh meat with STEC strains also leads to the potential for rejection of consignments by importing countries.

Sphingomonas wittichii RW1 is one of a few strains known to grow on the related compounds dibenzofuran (DBF) and dibenzo-p-dioxin (DXN) as the sole source of carbon. Previous work by others (B. Happe, L. D. Eltis, H. Poth, R. Hedderich, and K. N.

Disease control in animal production systems requires constant vigilance. Historically, the application of in-feed antibiotics to control bacteria and improve performance has been a much-used approach to maintain animal health and welfare. However, the widespread use of in-feed antibiotics is thought to increase the risk of antibiotic resistance developing. Alternative methods to control disease and maintain productivity need to be developed.

Strobilurin fungicides are widely used in agricultural production due to their broad-spectrum and fungal mitochondrial inhibitory activities. However, their massive application has restrained the growth of eukaryotic algae and increased collateral damage in freshwater systems, notably harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs). In this study, a strobilurin fungicide-degrading strain, Hyphomicrobium sp. strain DY-1, was isolated and characterized successfully.

by Alan Barrett, Leslie Brown

by Mohamad Malik Al-adil Baharudin, Mohamad Syazwan Ngalimat, Fairolniza Mohd Shariff, Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof, Murni Karim, Syarul Nataqain Baharum, Suriana Sabri

Author(s): Ran Cai, Fen Gao, Junfeng Pan, Xinwei Hao, Zonglan Yu, Yichen Qu, Jialin Li, Dandan Wang, Yao Wang, Xihui Shen, Xingyu Liu, Yantao Yang

Author(s): Philippe Raymond, Sylvianne Paul, André Perron, Louise Deschênes, Kenji Hara

Author(s): Soyoung Jung, Yunjeong Yi, Minsu Jang, Insuk Lee, Misun Kim, Hyunjung Kim, Insil Yoo, Yongseung Shin