Research Publications (Food Safety)

Wild rats are known to carry different microorganisms and are considered a reservoir of zoonotic pathogens worldwide. The urban rats were collected from five districts of Tehran and Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were isolated from fecal samples and were identified using classical biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria were determined by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method, the results of which were interpreted in line with CLSI guideline.

In this work, adsorption of the carcinogenic mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by two sequestrants—a yeast cell wall-based adsorbent (YCW) and a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS)—was studied across four laboratory models: (1) an in vitro model from a reference method was employed to quantify the sorption capabilities of both sequestrants under buffer conditions at two pH values using liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD); (2) in a second in v

We describe the trend of antibiotic prescribing in out-of-hours (OOH) general practices (GP) before and during England’s first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed practice-level prescribing records between January 2016 to June 2020 to report the trends for the total prescribing volume, prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics and key agents included in the national Quality Premium.

Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic pathogen, causes diverse community and nosocomial acquired human infections, including folliculitis, impetigo, sepsis, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, implant associated biofilm infections and contagious mastitis in cattle. In recent days both methicillin‐sensitive and methicillin resistant S. aureus infections have increased. Highly effective anti‐staphylococcal agents are urgently required.

Campylobacter jejuni is among the leading causes of bacterial foodborne illness. Poultry is the major reservoir and source of human campylobacteriosis. Currently, there is no effective and practical method to decrease C. jejuni colonization in chickens or to reduce human infections. Additionally, antibiotic-resistant infections pose a serious public health concern; therefore, antibiotic-alternative approaches are needed to reduce transmission of C.

by Ji Yoon Choi, Da-An Huh, Kyong Whan Moon

by Adam Wondmieneh, Getnet Gedefaw, Birhan Alemnew, Addisu Getie, Melaku Bimerew, Asmamaw Demis

Background

Author(s): Caihu Liao, Yigang Yu

Author(s): Bo Song, Guiya Xiong, Huan Luo, Zhenzi Zuo, Zhijun Zhou, Xiuli Chang

Author(s): Serena Magagnoli, Alberto Lanzoni, Antonio Masetti, Laura Depalo, Marco Albertini, Roberto Ferrari, Giorgio Spadola, Francesca Degola, Francesco M. Restivo, Giovanni Burgio

Author(s): Fernanda Cosme, António Inês, Davide Silva, Luís Filipe-Ribeiro, Luís Abrunhosa, Fernando M. Nunes

Fungal infections could cause tremendous decreases in crop yield and quality. Natural products, including flavonoids and (iso)quinolines, have always been an important source for lead discovery in medicinal and agricultural chemistry. To promote the discovery and development of new fungicides, a series of 3-(iso)quinolinyl-4-chromenone derivatives was designed and synthesized by the active substructure splicing principle and evaluated for their antifungal activities.

Marine bivalves could accumulate paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by toxic microalgae, which might induce oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) are key enzymes functioning in the antioxidant defense, whereas our understanding of their roles in PST challenge in bivalves is limited.

The response to BoNT is not uniform; a broad spectrum of responses and side-effects usually occurs. This study aimed to show special cervical dystonia cases with therapy response very different to normal treatment course which indicate the extreme ends of therapy spectrum.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a highly studied pathogen due to public health importance. Despite this, problems like early drug resistance, diagnostics and treatment success prediction are still not fully resolved. Here, we analyze the incidence of point mutations widely used for drug resistance detection in laboratory practice and conduct comparative analysis of whole-genome sequence (WGS) for clinical M.

Author(s): Xu Li, Yaoyao Ren, Jin Jing, Yiran Jiang, Qingli Yang, Shujuan Luo, Fuguo Xing

Author(s): Yinka M. Somorin, Olumide A. Odeyemi, Collins N. Ateba

Author(s): Zhou Xu, Ling-li Long, Yan-qiu Chen, Mao-Long Chen, Yun-Hui Cheng

Author(s): Qian Wang, Zihao Fan, Liping Qiu, Xiangli Liu, Yuting Yin, Ibrahim. musa. Ibrahim. Jamus, Chao Song, Jiazhang Chen

Author(s): Elahe Bozorgzadeh, Ardalan Pasdaran, Heshmatollah Ebrahimi-Najafabadi

Author(s): Ahmed S. Elrys, Mohamed F. Abo El-Maati, Enas Mohamed Wagdy Abdel-Hamed, Safaa M.A.I. Arnaout, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, El-Sayed M. Desoky

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are the most commonly used signal materials in lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). However, the assay sensitivity of traditional AuNP-based LFIA is usually limited by the incomplete competition between free target analytes and immobilized antigens for the binding of AuNP-labeled antibodies. To unfreeze this limitation, here, asymmetric Au–SiO2 Janus NPs (about 66 nm) were designed and synthesized.

According to a simple guest-replacement fluorescence turn-on mechanism, we constructed a fluorescent probe system based on cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]) and protonated acridine (AD) to detect the pesticide dodine (DD). Formation of a homoternary inclusion complex AD2@Q[10] in both aqueous solution and solid state was studied by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.

A new protein microarray method for multiplex mycotoxin detection in parallel has been established on a stable TiO2-modified porous silicon (PSi) surface. A typical competitive immunoassay microarray protocol has been developed for simultaneous detection of multiplex mycotoxins including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) on the TiO2-PSi surface.

Foodborne pathogens have been associated with severe and complicated diseases. Therefore, these types of infections are a concern for public health officials and food and dairy industries. Regarding the wide-spread multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis), new and alternative therapeutic approaches are urgently needed.