Research Publications (Food Safety)

The rumen microbiota is important for energy and nutrient acquisition in cattle, and therefore its composition may also affect carcass merit and meat quality attributes.

The gut microbial communities interact with the host immunity and physiological functions. In this study, we investigated the bacterial composition in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp’s gut and rearing water under different host (developmental stage: juvenile and adult; health status: healthy and diseased) and environmental factors (temperature 25 °C and 28 °C; and light intensity: low and high).

Phenyllactic acid (PLA) generally recognized as a natural organic acid shows against Vibrio parahaemolyticus activity. In this study, V. parahaemolyticus ATCC17802 (Vp17802) was cultured under the stress of 1/2MIC PLA, and then the antibacterial mechanisms were explored via transcriptomics.

In recent years organic food is gaining popularity as it is believed to promote better human health and improve soil sustainability, but there are apprehensions about pathogens in organic produces. This study was designed to understand the effect of different composts and soils on the status of the microbiome present in organically grown leafy vegetables. 16S rRNA metagenomic profiling of the leaves was done, and data were analyzed.

Ample evidence shows dysbiosis in the gut microbiota when comparing healthy shrimp with those affected by severe acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). However, the static comparison used in available studies leads to the uncertainties regarding how and to what extent the gut microbiota responds to the progressive severity of AHPND.

Variation exists in milk protein concentration of dairy cows of the same breed that are fed and managed in the same environment, and little information was available on this variation which might be attributed to differences in rumen microbial composition as well as their fermentation metabolites.

Vibrio splendidus is a ubiquitous Gram-negative marine bacterium that causes diseases within a wide range of marine cultured animals. Since iron deprivation is the frequent situation that the bacteria usually encounter, we aimed to explore the effect of iron deprivation on the proteomic profile of V. splendidus in the present study.

Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum, HJ), a spice widely used in China, has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-obesity properties.

The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state is a dormant state of nonsporulating bacteria that enhances survival in adverse environments. Systematic genome-wide research on the genetic basis of VBNC formation is warranted.

The Pectobacterium and Dickeya pectinolytic bacteria are phytopathogens responsible for several macerating diseases on a wide range of crops and ornamental plants. Recently, bacterial predators belonging to the Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) were shown to efficiently prey on these rot-causing bacteria and reduce soft rot-induced potato slice maceration.

Prodiginines are a large family of microbial secondary metabolites with a core structure of tripyrrole rings. They exhibit not only diverse chemical structures but also rich biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-algae, anti-parasitic, pesticides, and UV radiation resistance.

Spermidine is an important polyamine that can be used for the synthesis of various bioactive compounds in the food and pharmaceutical fields. In this study, a novel efficient whole-cell biocatalytic method with an NADPH self-sufficient cycle for spermidine biosynthesis was designed and constructed by co-expressing homoserine dehydrogenase (HSD), carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase (CASDH), and carboxyspermidine decarboxylase (CASDC).

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common pathogen in aquatic products, such as shellfishes. Laboratory-based simulated studies demonstrated that V. parahaemolyticus can tolerate high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) up to 20 MPa. However, the molecular mechanisms of high-pressure adaptation remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the physiological changes and transcriptomic responses of V.

Cellulosomes are multi-enzyme complexes produced by specialised micro-organisms. The spatial proximity of synergistically acting enzymes incorporated in these naturally occurring complexes supports the efficient hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Several functional designer cellulosomes, incorporating naturally non-cellulosomal cellulases, have been constructed and can be used for cellulose saccharification.

Applications of microbiome research through metagenomics promise to generate microbiome manipulation strategies for improved larval survival in aquaculture. However, existing lacunae on the effects of sample preservation methods in metagenome profiles hinder the successful application of this technique. In this context, four preservation methods were scrutinized to identify reliable methods for fish larval microbiome research.

Autoinducer-2 (AI-2), a quorum-sensing signal molecule from the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus, was assessed for its effect on the gut microbiome of mice. For this, we employed 16S rRNA sequencing to compare the gut microbiome of mice infected with either wild-type V. vulnificus or with the isotype ΔluxS that has a deletion in luxS which encodes the biosynthetic function of AI-2.

Aquatic pathogens, including Vibrio, Edwardsiella, Pseudomonas, and Aeromonas, which could result in bacterial diseases to aquaculture, have seriously threatened the world aquaculture production. Marine-derived fungi, which could produce novel secondary metabolites with significant antibacterial activity, may be an important source for finding effective agents against aquatic pathogens.

A new meroterpenoid, taladrimanin A (1), was isolated from a marine-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. HM6-1–1, together with eleven biogenetically related compounds (2–12). A plausible biosynthetic pathway for the meroterpenoids (1–4) was proposed. The planar structure of 1 was assigned by HRESIMS and NMR.

In the present study, juvenile striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), a freshwater fish species, have been chronically exposed to a salinity gradient from freshwater to 20 psu (practical salinity unit) and were sampled at the beginning (D20) and the end (D34) of exposure.

In biodesulfurization (BD) at haloalkaline and dO2-limited conditions, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) effectively convert sulfide into elemental sulfur that can be used in agriculture as a fertilizer and fungicide. Here we show which bacteria are present in this biotechnological process. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of biomass from ten reactors sampled in 2018 indicated the presence of 444 bacterial Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs).

L-alanine possesses extensive physiological functionality and tremendous pharmacological significance, therefore could be considered as potential ingredient for food, pharmaceutical, and personal care products. However, therapeutic properties of L-alanine still need to be addressed in detail to further strengthen its utilization as a viable ingredient for developing natural therapeutics with minimum side effects.

Abstract Aeromonas hydrophila is a zoonotic pathogen that exhibits high level resistance to classic antibiotics and is a heavy burden for aquaculture industry. Lytic enzymes encoded by phages or prophages have shown potential for use against pathogenic bacteria. In this study, an intact prophage (named phAhD4) was identified from A. hydrophila D4. phAhD4 is highly conserved in all 10 published A.

Abstract Microalgae are known to be abundant in various habitats around the globe, and are rich in high value-added products such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, proteins, and pigments. Microalgae can be exploited as the basic and primitive food source of aquatic animals.