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Research Publications (Food Safety)

This page tracks research articles published in national and international peer-reviewed journals. Recent articles are available ahead of print and searchable by Journal, Article Title, and Category. Research publications are tracked across six categories: Bacterial Pathogens, Chemical Contaminants, Natural Toxins, Parasites, Produce Safety, and Viruses. Articles produced by USDA Grant Funding Agencies (requires login) and FDA Grant Funding Agencies (requires login) are also tracked in Scopus.

Displaying 1 - 25 of 2080

  1. Genomic characterization and pathogenicity of a novel fowl adenovirus serotype 11 isolated from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in China

    • Poultry Science
      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  2. Evaluation of crAssphages as a potential marker of human viral contamination in environmental water and fresh leafy greens

    • Frontiers in Microbiology
    • CrAssphages are human gut bacteriophages with potential use as an indicator of human fecal contamination in water and other environmental systems. We determined the prevalence and abundance of crAssphages in water, food, and fecal samples and compared these estimates with the prevalence of norovirus. Samples were tested using two crAssphage-specific qPCR assays (CPQ056 and TN201-203) and for norovirus using TaqMan realtime RT-PCR.

      • Produce Safety
      • Leafy Greens
      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  3. An outbreak of hepatitis E virus genotype 4d caused by consuming undercooked pig liver in a nursing home in Zhejiang Province, China

    • International Journal of Food Microbiology
    • Hepatitis E infection is typically caused by contaminated water or food. In July and August 2022, an outbreak of hepatitis E was reported in a nursing home in Zhejiang Province, China. Local authorities and workers took immediate actions to confirm the outbreak, investigated the sources of infection and routes of transmission, took measures to terminate the outbreak, and summarized the lessons learned.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  4. Establishment of a lethal mouse model of emerging tick-borne orthonairovirus infections

    • PLOS Pathogens
    • by Takuma Ariizumi, Koshiro Tabata, Yukari Itakura, Hiroko Kobayashi, William W. Hall, Michihito Sasaki, Hirofumi Sawa, Keita Matsuno, Yasuko Orba

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  5. Norovirus GII.17 Caused Five Outbreaks Linked to Frozen Domestic Bilberries in Finland, 2019

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • In March 2019, the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and Finnish Food Authority started an outbreak investigation after a notification of food business operators’ recall of frozen bilberries due to a norovirus finding. A retrospective search was conducted in the food and waterborne outbreak notification system to identify the notifications linked to norovirus and consumption of bilberries in January–March 2019.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  6. Epidemiological investigation and pathogenicity analysis of waterfowl astroviruses in some areas of China

    • Frontiers in Microbiology
    • Waterfowl astroviruses are mainly duck astroviruses and goose astroviruses, of which duck astroviruses (DAstV-3, -4), goose astroviruses (GoAstV-1, -2) are the four new waterfowl 21 astroviruses in recent years, which can lead to enteritis, viral hepatitis, gout and reduce the growth performance of waterfowl, affecting the healthy development of the waterfowl farming industry.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  7. PMAxx-RT-qPCR to Determine Human Norovirus Inactivation Following High-Pressure Processing of Oysters

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • Norovirus is the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis globally. While person-to-person transmission is most commonly reported route of infection, human norovirus is frequently associated with foodborne transmission, including through consumption of contaminated bivalve molluscan shellfish.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  8. Evaluation of a new automated viral RNA extraction platform for hepatitis A virus and human norovirus in testing of berries, lettuce, and oysters

    • International Journal of Food Microbiology
    • Fruits, vegetables, and shellfish are often associated with outbreaks of illness caused particularly by human norovirus (HuNoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV), the leading causative agents of foodborne illness worldwide.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
      • Norovirus
  9. Evaluation of Extraction Methods to Detect Noroviruses in Ready-to-Eat Raw Milk Minas Artisanal Cheese

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • This study aimed to assess two homogenization methods to recover norovirus from Minas artisanal cheese (MAC) made with raw bovine milk obtained from four microregions of the Minas Gerais state, Brazil, with different ripening times and geographical and abiotic characteristics. For this purpose, 33 fiscal samples were artificially contaminated with norovirus GI and GII, and Mengovirus (MgV), used as an internal process control (IPC).

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  10. An overview of anti-Hepatitis B virus flavonoids and their mechanisms of action

    • Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
    • Flavonoids, a diverse group of polyphenolic compounds found in various plant-based foods, have garnered attention for their potential in combating Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Flavonoids have demonstrated promising anti-HBV activities by interfering with multiple stages of the HBV life cycle, making them promising candidates for novel antiviral agents.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  11. Hydroponic Nutrient Solution Temperature Impacts Tulane Virus Persistence over Time

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • Controlled environment agriculture (CEA), or indoor agriculture, encompasses non-traditional farming methods that occur inside climate-controlled structures (e.g., greenhouses, warehouses, high tunnels) allowing for year-round production of fresh produce such as leaf lettuce. However, recent outbreaks and recalls associated with hydroponically grown lettuce contaminated with human pathogens have raised concerns.

      • Produce Safety
      • Leafy Greens
      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  12. Hepatitis E virus causes apoptosis of ovarian cells in hens and resulting in a decrease in egg production

    • Poultry Science
    • Previous studies have shown that avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) decreases egg production by 10-40% in laying hens, but have not fully elucidated the mechanism of there. In this study, we evaluated the replication of avian HEV in the ovaries of laying hens and the mechanism underlying the decrease in egg production. Forty 150-days-old commercial laying hens were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 hens each.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  13. The significance of gut microbiota in the etiology of autoimmune hepatitis: a narrative review

    • Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
    • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the liver that is mediated by autoimmunity and has complex pathogenesis. Its prevalence has increased globally. Since the liver is the first organ to be exposed to harmful substances, such as gut-derived intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, gut health is closely related to liver health, and the “liver-gut axis” allows abnormalities in the gut microbiota to influence the development of liver-related diseases such as AIH.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  14. Study of Shellfish Growing Area During Normal Harvesting Periods and Following Wastewater Overflows in an Urban Estuary With Complex Hydrography

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • Viral testing combined with hydrographic studies is considered standard good practice in determining microbiological impacts on shellfish growing areas following wastewater overflows.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  15. A systematic review and meta-analysis indicates a high risk of human noroviruses contamination in vegetable worldwide, with GI being the predominant genogroup

    • International Journal of Food Microbiology
    • Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the most predominant viral agents of acute gastroenteritis. Vegetables are important vehicles of HuNoVs transmission. This study aimed to assess the HuNoVs prevalence in vegetables.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  16. The role of turmeric and black pepper oil nanoemulsion in attenuating cytokine storm triggered by duck hepatitis A virus type I (DHAV-I)-induced infection in ducklings

    • Poultry Science
    • The cytokine storm induced by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) infection significantly contributes to severe, rapid deaths and economic losses in the duck industry in Egypt. This study aimed to investigate the potential inhibitory effect of a nanoemulsion containing turmeric and black pepper oil on the immune response and pathogenesis of DHAV-1 in ducklings.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
  17. Meta-analysis of the prevalence of norovirus and hepatitis a virus in berries

    • International Journal of Food Microbiology
    • Norovirus (NoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) stand as the predominant agents associated with viral foodborne infections. Outbreaks have been documented to be caused by various types of food items, including fresh and/or frozen berries. Comprehensive data concerning crucial viral pathogens in berries remain limited and are not currently available in aggregate form. Consequently, the present study aimed to compile the existing information regarding the prevalence of NoV and HAV in this matrix.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
      • Norovirus
  18. An international inter-laboratory study to compare digital PCR with ISO standardized qPCR assays for the detection of norovirus GI and GII in oyster tissue

    • Food Microbiology
    • An optimized digital RT-PCR (RT-dPCR) assay for the detection of human norovirus GI and GII RNA was compared with ISO 15216-conform quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assays in an interlaboratory study (ILS) among eight laboratories. A duplex GI/GII RT-dPCR assay, based on the ISO 15216-oligonucleotides, was used on a Bio-Rad QX200 platform by six laboratories. Adapted assays for Qiagen Qiacuity or ThermoFisher QuantStudio 3D were used by one laboratory each.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  19. Foodborne Viruses and Somatic Coliphages Occurrence in Fresh Produce at Retail from Northern Mexico

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • Foodborne disease outbreaks linked to consumption of vegetables have been often attributed to human enteric viruses, such as Norovirus (NoV), Hepatitis A virus (HAV), and Rotavirus (RoV).

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis
      • Norovirus
  20. Retention of Virus Versus Surrogate, by Ultrafiltration in Seawater: Case Study of Norovirus Versus Tulane

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • In the field of chemical engineering and water treatment, the study of viruses, included surrogates, is well documented. Often, surrogates are used to study viruses and their behavior because they can be produced in larger quantities in safer conditions and are easier to handle. In fact, surrogates allow studying microorganisms which are non-infectious to humans but share some properties similar to pathogenic viruses: structure, composition, morphology, and size.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  21. Persistence of Infectious Human Norovirus in Estuarine Water

    • Food and Environmental Virology
    • Norovirus is the predominant cause of viral acute gastroenteritis globally. While person-to-person is the most reported transmission route, norovirus is also associated with waterborne and foodborne illness, including from the consumption of contaminated bivalve molluscan shellfish. The main cause of shellfish contamination is via the bioaccumulation of norovirus from growing waters impacted by human wastewater.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  22. Examining the efficiency of porcine gastric mucin-coated magnetic beads in extraction of noroviruses from frozen berries

    • Food Microbiology
    • Human norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Due to the low infectious dose of noroviruses, sensitive methodologies are required to detect and characterize small numbers of viral particles that are found in contaminated foods.

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  23. Ozone and photodynamic inactivation of norovirus surrogate bacteriophage MS2 in fresh Brazilian berries and surfaces

    • Food Microbiology
    • This study assessed the efficacy of ozone (bubble diffusion in water; 6.25 ppm) and photodynamic inactivation (PDT) using curcumin (75 μM) as photosensitizer (LED emission 430–470 nm; 33.6 mW/cm2 irradiance; 16.1, 20.2, and 24.2 J/cm2 light dose) against the 

      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  24. The European Union One Health 2022 Zoonoses Report

    • EFSA Journal
    • Abstract This report by the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring and surveillance activities carried out in 2022 in 27 Member States (MSs), the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) and 11 non‐MSs. Key statistics on zoonoses and zoonotic agents in humans, food, animals and feed are provided and interpreted historically.

      • Bacterial pathogens
      • Campylobacter
      • Listeria monocytogenes
      • Salmonella
      • Viruses
      • Norovirus
  25. Functional features of a novel interferon-stimulated gene SHFL: a comprehensive review

    • Frontiers in Microbiology
    • Various interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs), expressed via Janus kinase–signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway-stimulated IFNs to increase antiviral effects or regulate immune response, perform different roles in virus-infected cells. In recent years, a novel ISG, SHFL, which is located in the genomic region 19p13.2 and comprises two isoforms, has been studied as a virus-inhibiting agent.

      • Viruses
      • Hepatitis