Research Publications (Food Safety)

Soil heavy metal pollution is a common problem in mining areas. The soil of the Xikuangshan located in Lengshuijiang, Hunan Province, China contains various excessive heavy metals, especially antimony and cadmium. Previous studies have shown that heavy metal-tolerant microorganisms screened from mining areas have the potential to adsorb heavy metals. In this study, we screened out a cadmium and antimony tolerant fungus named XK8 from the slags collected from the Xikuangshan.

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils constitutes a serious problem for crop yields and food safety. It is known that proline (Pro) can rapidly accumulate in plant tissues in response to abiotic stress.

The arsenic (As) contamination demands its remediation from the environment which is naturally possible by the application of Pteris vittata L. However, biomonitoring of phytoremediation potential of P. vittata at chromosomal and DNA level is still meager. The present study was designed to biomonitor the phytoremediation efficiency of P. vittata through phytotoxic and cyto-genotoxic biomarkers assessment using Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

A cadmium (Cd)–tolerant bacterium Ochrobactrum intermedium BB12 was isolated from sewage waste collected from the municipal sewage dumping site of Bhopal, India. The bacterium showed multiple heavy metal tolerance ability and had the highest minimum inhibitory concentration of 150 mg L–1 of Cd.

Energy storage deployment for stationary applications is expected to grow in the next decade, and there is a requirement for storage solutions that minimise materials demand. Soluble lead redox flow battery is a type of flow battery in the early phase of design with the potential for a lower cost than other flow battery solutions. This study presents the first cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of the soluble lead redox flow battery.

To estimate the mean dietary exposure to total As (tAs) and some arsenic species [inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonic acid (MMAs) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAs), and arsenobetaine (AsB)] across the entire Japanese population (≥1 year old), a national total diet study (TDS) based on composite sample with a market-basket approach was conducted in Japan from 10 regions throughout Japan in 2019.

Quantitative, rapid, selective and sensitive methods for the determination of total arsenic (tAs) and six arsenic compounds (arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), arsenobetaine (AsB), arsenocholine (AsC), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsonic acid (DMA)) in seafood were developed. The measurement of the tAs concentration was performed using quadrupole inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Microwave-assisted extraction was used for the isolation of arsenic species.

Procambarus clarkii (crayfish) accumulates a high concentration of Arsenic (As) from the aquatic environment and causes considerable human health risks. In this study, Limosilactobacillus fermentum GR-3 strain was isolated from “Jiangshui” and applied for As(III) adsorption and antioxidant abilities.

Long-term arsenic exposure is associated with diabetes in adults, the mechanism of which involves insulin resistance. The relationship between arsenic and insulin resistance in adults is unclear. We analyzed the relationship between urinary arsenic and insulin resistance in US adults.

Overconsumption of antibiotics in hospitals has led to policy implementation, including the control of antibiotic prescriptions. The impact of these policies on the evolution of antimicrobial resistance remains uncertain. In this work, we review the possible limits of such policies and focus on the need for a more efficient approach. Establishing a causal relationship between the introduction of new antibiotics and the emergence of new resistance mechanisms is difficult.

A series of oleanolic acid derivatives holding oxo- or 3-N-polyamino-3-deoxy-substituents at C3 as well as carboxamide function at C17 with different long chain polyamines have been synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial activities. Almost all series presented good to moderate activity against Gram-positive S. aureus, S. faecalis and B. cereus bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values from 3.125 to 200 µg/mL.

Up to now, a total of 24 succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) fungicides have been commercialized, and SDHIs fungicides were also one of the most active fungicides developed in recent years. Carboxamide derivatives represented an important class of SDHIs with broad spectrum of antifungal activities. In this review, the development of carboxamide derivatives as SDHIs with great significances were summarized.

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4) is an important target for discovering novel herbicides, and it causes bleaching symptoms by inhibiting the synthesis of chlorophyll and heme. In this study, the active fragments of several commercial herbicides were joined by substructure splicing and bioisosterism, and a series of novel diphenyl ether derivatives containing five-membered heterocycles were synthesized.

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) has emerged as a challenging threat to individuals with cystic fibrosis. Infections caused by this pathogen are often impossible to treat due to the intrinsic antibiotic resistance leading to lung malfunction and eventually death. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs against novel targets in Mab to overcome drug resistance and subsequent treatment failure.

This paper presents an application of silver nanoparticles impregnated by Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) as ultrasonication aided microextraction system for lead (II) determination in edible oils. The paper presents a systematic optimization of method parameters and examples of its application for analysis of real samples. Maximum recovery for lead (II) extraction was obtained for choline chloride and phenol with a 1:2 M ratio.

The long charge carrier lifetime of the hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) is the key for their remarkable performance as a solar cell material. The microscopic mechanism for the long lifetime is still in debate.

The aim of the study was to assess arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) contamination of freshwater fish from Poland. Selected species of raw, smoked, and pickled freshwater fish (n=212) were evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Assessment of health risk associated with intake of investigated elements present in fish was performed.

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic heavy metal in our living environment. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are ancestors for all blood cells. Therefore understanding the impact of Cd on HSC is significant for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Cd2+ on energy metabolism of HSC and its involvement in hematopoiesis.

Lead (Pb) is a widespread environmental pollutant which is a toxic threat to human and animal health. The present study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative role of quercetin in laying quails exposed to Pb. A total of 112 birds were randomly divided into four groups.

Background Women living in the Bolivian Andes are environmentally exposed to arsenic, yet there is scarce information about arsenic-related effects in this region.

Beeswax, honey, and live in-hive worker bees were collected in this study from eight districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The concentration of seven essential elements (copper, calcium, zinc, iron, nickel, chromium and manganese) and two non-essentials (lead and cadmium) were determined. All of the samples were found to have a random distribution of metal concentrations. The plentiful metals with high concentrations in the gathered samples were discovered to be calcium, iron, and zinc.

To reduce waste volumes and recover valuable products, char was synthesized via co-pyrolysis of rice straw (RS) with spent tires, sulfur wastes, and CO2. The inclusion of wastes and CO2 in pyrolysis of RS was hypothesized to enhance the sorption ability of char for various contaminants, including 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), lead, barium, chromate (CrO42−), and selenate (SeO42−).

Occupational exposure to heavy metals like lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) is associated with the development of several diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of occupational co-exposure to Pb and Cd on the blood levels of selected immune-modulatory cytokines related to T helper (Th), that is, Th1, interleukin-2 (IL-2), Th2, (IL-4 and IL-10), and Th17, (IL-17) cells. The study comprised 207 individuals divided into two groups: exposed (n = 110) and nonexposed (n = 97).

Human exposure to cadmium (Cd) may induce severe effects in different organs. Recent studies suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of Cd-related diseases.

Epidemiological evidence suggests that the metabolic profiles of each individual exposed to arsenic (As) are related to the risk of cancer, coronary heart disease, and diabetes. The arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) gene plays a key role in As metabolism. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AS3MT gene may affect both enzyme activity and gene transcription.