Research Publications (Food Safety)

In this work, the fermented chili pastes of normal samples (NS) and abnormal samples (ANS, aerogenic samples) were analyzed. The gas produced in the ANS was carbon dioxide. The kinds of bacteria genus were the same in both samples. However, concentrations of Bacillus and Clostridium in ANS were higher than those in NS. This finding indicated they might be the potential bacteria for gas production.

Author(s): Yanhua Wang

Gas gangrene, caused mainly by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), causes death within 48 h of onset. Limited therapeutic strategies are available, and it is associated with extremely high mortality. Both C. perfringens alpha toxin (CPA) and perfringolysin O (PFO) are important virulence factors in the development of gas gangrene, suggesting that they are therapeutic targets.

Author(s): Li Xiu, Yu Liu, Wei Wu, Suo Chen, Zhaobing Zhong, Hairong Wang

The Florida Complaint and Outbreak Reporting System (FL-CORS) database is used by the Florida Department of Health’s Food and Waterborne Disease Program (FWDP) as one of the tools to detect foodborne disease outbreaks. We present a descriptive and spatial network analysis of the FL-CORS data collected during 2015-2018.

ABSTRACT

Bacterial toxins are food safety hazards causing about 10% of all reported foodborne outbreaks in Europe. Pertinent to Gram‐positive pathogens, the most relevant toxins are emetic toxin and diarrheal enterotoxins of Bacillus cereus, neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum, enterotoxin of Clostridium perfringens, and a family of enterotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and some other staphylococci.

To identify the free‐living amoeba (FLA) and amoeba resistant bacteria (ARB) accumulated in zebra mussels and in the water in which they are found, mussels were collected at two locations in the Ebro river basin (North East Spain). Free‐living amoebas and bacteria were isolated from mussel extracts and from natural water.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens 2016TE7641_69, isolated from the intestine of a turkey reared in a conventional poultry flock located in central Italy, where animals were showing enteric disorders suggesting subclinical necrotic enteritis.

This study utilized a chicken model of chronic physiological stress mediated by corticosterone (CORT) administration to ascertain how various host metrics are altered upon challenge with Clostridium perfringens. ...

Epsilon-toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens significantly contributes to the pathogeneses of enterotoxemia in ruminants and multiple sclerosis in humans. Epsilon-toxin forms a heptameric oligomer in the host cell membrane, promoting cell disruption. Here, we investigate the effect of epsilon-toxin on epithelial barrier functions.

Author(s): Gunaranjan Paturi, Christine A. Butts, Duncan Hedderley, Halina Stoklosinski, Sheridan Martell, Hannah Dinnan, Elizabeth A. Carpenter

Despite the long-term interest in solventogenic clostridia-based ABE (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation, clostridial butanol tolerance and its underlying mechanism remain poorly understood, which is a major obstacle hindering further improvements of this important fermentative process.

Author(s): R. Shanmugasundaram, A. Markazi, M. Mortada, T.T. Ng, T.J. Applegate, L.R. Bielke, B. Syed, C.M. Pender, S. Curry, G.R. Murugesan, R.K. Selvaraj

Author(s): Mahmoud Fayez, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Theeb Al-Marri, Kamal Zidan, Ali Aldoweriej, Elham El-Sergany, Ahmed Elmoslemany

Author(s): M. Hilliar, C. Keerqin, C.K. Girish, R. Barekatain, S.-B. Wu, R.A. Swick

Author(s): Ryunkyoung Oh, Min Jeong Lee, Young-Ok Kim, Bo-Hye Nam, Hee Jeong Kong, Ju-Won Kim, Jung-yeon Park, Jung-Kil Seo, Dong-Gyun Kim

Author(s): Uraisha Ramlucken, Santosh O. Ramchuran, Ghaneshree Moonsamy, Rajesh Lalloo, Mapitsi S. Thantsha, Christine Jansen van Rensburg

Author(s): H.K. Zanu, C. Keerqin, S.K. Kheravii, N.K. Morgan, S-B. Wu, M.R. Bedford, R.A. Swick

Aims The purpose of this study was to isolate Lactobacillus from gastrointestinal tract of healthy post‐weaning piglets and investigate its synergistic antimicrobial and probiotic effects with ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO). Methods and Results Out of the 128 isolates, L. plantarum BLPL03 was selected based on its excellent acid and bile salt tolerance properties. L.

Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium botulinum type A, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens Alpha toxin, and Yersinia enterocolitica are 11 common foodborne pathogens. Traditional bacterial culture methods for detecting pathogens are time‐consuming and labor‐intensive.

Pathogenic microorganisms use various mechanisms to conserve energy in host tissues and environmental reservoirs. One widespread but often overlooked means of energy conservation is through the consumption or production of molecular hydrogen (H2). Here, we comprehensively review the distribution, biochemistry, and physiology of H2 metabolism in pathogens. Over 200 pathogens and pathobionts carry genes for hydrogenases, the enzymes responsible for H2 oxidation and/or production.

Author(s): Hani El Kadri, Teyfik Celen, Alaa Alaizoki, Madeleine Smith, Helen Onyeaka

Author(s): Padmanabha Reddy Velugoti, Saurabh Kumar, Lalit Kumar Bohra, Vijay K. Juneja, Harshavardhan Thippareddi

Clostridium perfringens causes severe gastrointestinal diseases, which include necrotic enteritis (NE) in chickens, a deadly disease worldwide. We report here the draft genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens strain TAMU, which was used in developing an NE chicken challenge model. This C. perfringens TAMU genome sequence will aid in advancing potential intervention strategies to reduce NE pathogenesis.