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Research Publications (Food Safety)

This page tracks research articles published in national and international peer-reviewed journals. Recent articles are available ahead of print and searchable by Journal, Article Title, and Category. Research publications are tracked across six categories: Bacterial Pathogens, Chemical Contaminants, Natural Toxins, Parasites, Produce Safety, and Viruses. Articles produced by USDA Grant Funding Agencies (requires login) and FDA Grant Funding Agencies (requires login) are also tracked in Scopus.

Displaying 176 - 200 of 493

  1. Short communication: Diversity of staphylococci isolated from sheep mastitis in northern Algeria

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Mastitis in ruminants is an important disease with major effects on both the economy and animal welfare. It is caused by major pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and minor pathogens such as coagulase-negative staphylococci. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize staphylococci as a cause of sheep mastitis in Algeria. In this study, 123 milk samples were collected directly from the udder of sheep suffering from clinical mastitis in 2 provinces in Algeria.

      • Staphylococcus aureus
      • Bacterial pathogens
  2. Short communication: Multistate outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes infections retrospectively linked to unpasteurized milk using whole-genome sequencing

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Unpasteurized milk can contain harmful bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes. In 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration notified the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA) that L. monocytogenes isolated from unpasteurized chocolate milk from a Pennsylvania dairy was closely related, by whole-genome sequencing, to L. monocytogenes isolates collected from blood specimens of 2 patients (in California and Florida) in 2014.

      • Bacterial pathogens
      • Listeria monocytogenes
  3. Characterization and evaluation of lactic acid bacteria from indigenous raw milk for potential probiotic properties

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Raw milk contains wide microbial diversity, composed mainly of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are used as probiotics in both human and animal husbandry.

      • Bacterial pathogens
      • Listeria monocytogenes
      • Salmonella
  4. Short communication: Effects of a physiologically relevant concentration of aflatoxin B1 with or without sequestering agents on in vitro rumen fermentation of a dairy cow diet

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen commonly found in animal feeds that can impair rumen fermentation at high concentrations; however, its effects at physiologically relevant concentrations are unknown. This study examined the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), with or without bentonite clay (CL) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP)–based sequestering agents on in vitro rumen fermentation and digestibility of a dairy cow TMR.

      • Aflatoxins
      • Natural toxins
  5. Effect of sequestering agents based on a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product and clay on the ruminal bacterial community of lactating dairy cows challenged with dietary aflatoxin B1

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • This study was conducted to examine the effects of clay (CL) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) on the ruminal bacterial community of Holstein dairy cows challenged with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). A second objective was to examine correlations between bacterial abundance and performance measures.

      • Aflatoxins
      • Natural toxins
  6. Inactivation of milk-borne pathogens by blue light exposure

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Food safety and quality management play a pivotal role in the dairy industry. Milk is a highly nutritious food that also provides an excellent medium for growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, dairy industry focuses most of their processes and costs on keeping contamination levels as low as possible. Thermal processes for microbial decontamination may be effective; however, they cannot provide excellent organoleptic, nutritional, and decontamination properties simultaneously.

  7. Target analysis and retrospective screening of mycotoxins and pharmacologically active substances in milk using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry approach

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Milk is a nutritious food suitable for infants and adults, and it plays an important role in the human diet. However, it may also be a vehicle for food contaminants. In this report, we developed a method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap HRMS; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) for simultaneous identification of target pharmacologically active substances and mycotoxins in milk.

  8. Short communication: Long-term −20°C survival of Listeria monocytogenes in artificially and process-contaminated ice cream involved in an outbreak of listeriosis

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Listeria monocytogenes was linked to an outbreak of foodborne illness associated with in-process contaminated ice cream in the United States from 2010 to 2015 that sickened 10 individuals and led to 3 deaths. Ice cream obtained from the outbreak was used in this study to examine the population dynamics of L. monocytogenes as in-process contaminants compared with artificially inoculated cells.

      • Listeria monocytogenes
      • Bacterial pathogens
  9. The effect of intramammary infection in early lactation with non-aureus staphylococci in general and Staphylococcus chromogenes specifically on quarter milk somatic cell count and quarter milk yield

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the impact of subclinical intramammary infection (IMI) with non-aureus staphylococcal (NAS) species in the first 18 d in milk (DIM) on the quarter milk somatic cell count (qSCC) and quarter milk yield (qMY) during the first 4 mo of lactation in Holstein Friesian heifers.

      • Staphylococcus aureus
      • Bacterial pathogens
  10. Biopreservation as a potential hurdle for Bacillus cereus growth in fresh cheese

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • This study aimed to evaluate the possible inhibitory effect of natural lactic acid bacteria on the growth of 2 Bacillus cereus strains. First, we evaluated the behavior of spores of B. cereus GPe2 and D43 when inoculated before cheesemaking using pasteurized or raw milk; no statistical differences were observed between cheese produced with the 2 types of milk.

      • Bacillus cereus
  11. Symposium review: Recent advances in dairy food safety research: An overview of the National Dairy Council Listeria Consortium, industry identification, and funding of research gaps*

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Consumers should have confidence that dairy foods are safe to eat.

      • Bacterial pathogens
  12. Short communication: Selection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in dairy calves associated with antibiotic dry cow therapy—A cohort study

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Antimicrobial residues in milk have been discussed as a possible selector for Enterobacteriaceae that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in dairy herds. Such residues are found in waste milk after antibiotic treatment of mastitis, but antibiotic dry cow therapy might also lead to antibiotic residues in colostrum and in milk during early lactation.

      • Antibiotic residues
      • Bacterial pathogens
      • Chemical contaminants
  13. Short communication: Longitudinal study of quarter-level somatic cell responses after naturally occurring, nonsevere clinical mastitis diagnosed as culture negative, or caused by Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae, and randomly assigned to a no...

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • The objective of this study was to describe weekly quarter-level somatic cell count (QSCC) after occurrence of nonsevere clinical mastitis (CM) that was diagnosed as culture negative, or caused by Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae. All cases occurred in cows enrolled in negatively, controlled randomized clinical trials.

      • Bacterial pathogens
  14. Short communication: Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from raw milk and Minas Frescal cheeses in Brazil

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • The aim of this study was to quantify, identify, evaluate antimicrobial resistance, and characterize the virulence factors of enteropathogenic (EPEC), Shiga-toxigenic (STEC), and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli in raw milk (RM) and legal (LMFC) and illegal (IMFC) Minas Frescal cheeses in southern and northeast Brazil. Illegal cheeses are those made without official inspection service or sanitary surveillance.

      • Bacterial pathogens
  15. Short communication: Detection of antibiotic resistance, mecA, and virulence genes in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. from buffalo milk and the milking environment

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • The aim of this study was to determinate whether coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) from buffalo milk or the milking environment possess virulence factors that are associated with intramammary infections or antimicrobial resistance. Milk samples (n = 320) from 80 lactating buffalo were evaluated for clinical and subclinical mastitis by physical examination, the strip cup test, California Mastitis Test (CMT), and somatic cell count (SCC) over a 4-mo period.

      • Staphylococcus aureus
      • Bacterial pathogens
  16. Microbial safety status of Serro artisanal cheese produced in Brazil

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Considering the growing consumption of artisanal foods worldwide, we aimed to evaluate the microbial safety of Serro artisanal cheese (SAC), produced in Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

      • Bacterial pathogens
      • Listeria monocytogenes
      • Salmonella
  17. Efficacy of dairy on-farm, high-temperature, short-time pasteurization of milk on the viability of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Feeding pasteurized milk to suckling calves is a popular practice used increasingly on dairy farms. Waste milk is frequently fed to calves because of its high nutritional value and economic benefits compared to milk replacement products. However, one of the disadvantages of feeding waste milk is the potential for exposure to a high number of bacterial contaminants, which may lead to serious illnesses or infections in calves. One of these contaminants is Mycobacterium avium ssp.

  18. Antimicrobial resistance and genetic characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci from bovine mastitis milk samples in Korea

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are one of the most common bovine mastitis pathogens found worldwide. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and distribution of CNS species in mastitis milk samples and further characterized the methicillin-resistant (MR) CNS. A total of 311 CNS were isolated from 3,692 quarter milk samples from 1,373 dairy cattle at 81 farms between 2013 and 2017.

      • Staphylococcus aureus
  19. Plasmonic ELISA based on DNA-directed gold nanoparticle growth for Cronobacter detection in powdered infant formula samples

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • The traditional gold nanoparticle (AuNP) growth-based plasmonic ELISA (pELISA) strictly and directly controlled by reducing reagents can achieve high sensitivity, but it remains fragile toward the surrounding environment. This work developed a sandwich pELISA for Cronobacter detection in powdered infant formula samples by mediating AuNP growth through DNA.

      • Cronobacter
      • Cronobacter
      • Bacterial pathogens
  20. A microbiological inhibition method for the rapid, broad-spectrum, and high-throughput screening of 34 antibiotic residues in milk

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • In this study, we developed a microbiological inhibition method for the rapid screening of antibiotics in milk with Geobacillus stearothermophilus ATCC12980 as an indicator bacterium and an easy sample pretreatment.

      • Antibiotic residues
      • Chemical contaminants
  21. Aflatoxin compromises development of the preimplantation bovine embryo through mechanisms independent of reactive oxygen production

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen often found in animal feedstuffs. Although it reportedly impairs development of the preimplantation pig embryo, it is not known whether it adversely affects development of the preimplantation bovine embryo. We conducted 3 experiments to investigate this possibility and determine whether deleterious effects of aflatoxin were caused by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

      • Aflatoxins
      • Natural toxins
  22. Zearalenone induces apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Zearalenone (ZEA) is a common mycotoxin produced by fungi within the genus Fusarium. However, few studies have examined the direct effects of the toxin on the mammary glands. In the present study, the effects of ZEA treatment on bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) from dairy cows were investigated.

      • Mycotoxins
      • Natural toxins
  23. Environmental conditions and serotype affect Listeria monocytogenes susceptibility to phage treatment in a laboratory cheese model

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Listeria monocytogenes can survive and grow in a variety of environments, including refrigeration, making it difficult to control and highlighting the importance of optimizing control strategies against this pathogen. Listeria phages are attractive biocontrol agents because phages bind to specific wall teichoic acids (WTA) on the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting pathogens without disrupting the normal microbiota or structure of the food.

      • Listeria monocytogenes
      • Bacterial pathogens
  24. Saltatory rolling circle amplification for sensitive visual detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • Monitoring Staphylococcus aureus with high sensitivity is very important for ensuring milk quality and food safety. In this study, we used a rapid nucleic acid isothermal amplification method, saltatory rolling circle amplification (SRCA), for the detection of Staph. aureus in milk. The results of the SRCA method can be assessed visually by the presence of white precipitate or by fluorescence measurement. Thirteen Staph. aureus strains and 31 non-Staph.

      • Staphylococcus aureus
      • Bacterial pathogens
  25. Short communication: Entrapment of Listeria cells within air pockets of ice cream mix matrix may lead to potentially heat-injured cells

    • Journal of Dairy Science
    • In our previous study, we observed the sporadic presence of potentially heat-injured cells of Listeria innocua in ice cream mix following a selective enrichment protocol. Although injured cells have not yet been reported to cause any disease outbreaks, it is important to understand their presence in heat-treated food matrices.

      • Bacterial pathogens