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Index to the Manuscript Collections--Search Results
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2 record(s) found
Collection Number: 60
Collection Name: USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS), Veterinary Services
Earliest Date: 1947
Latest Date: 1974
Bulk Dates: 1960-69
Linear Feet: 1.25
Collection Description: USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS) cover animal inspection and quarantine memoranda, procedures, forms, letters, and reports. Topics include export livestock; domestics, ruminants, and swine; organisms and vectors; restricted meat; restricted byproducts; and virus-serum control. There are materials related to the Animal Quarantine Station in Clifton, New York, 1949. Additionally, there are records on the Foreign Animal Diseases Advisory Committee, 1974; the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Industry Advisory Committee on Foot-and-Mouth Disease, 1947-1972; and files of court case involving George C. Bump and his failure to permit the depopulation of his poultry flock exposed to Exotic Newcastle Disease.
Historical or Biographical Sketch: The goals of the Veterinary Services (VS) program of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) are to properly manage cases of animal disease, and to advocate methods for maintaining healthy and productive animals. VS began as the Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI), which was established under the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 1884. The BAI set out to deal with livestock problems, most notably diseases. The bureau established several divisions, including those for dairy, animal husbandry, inspection, and quarantine. The organization of the BAI remained virtually unchanged for almost 70 years (the exception being its grouping with other bureaus under the Agricultural Research Administration from 1942-1953).
In 1953 the BAI was abolished. Its functions were assigned to various branches of the new Agricultural Research Service, mostly to Animal Disease Eradication and Animal Inspection and Quarantine. These two branches merged in 1970 to form Veterinary Services, ARS. VS was transferred to APHIS in 1972, and remained when APHIS was reorganized and superceded by an organization of the same name.
Throughout its history, Veterinary Services has eradicated several diseases from the United States, including foot-and-mouth disease, cattle fever ticks, screwworms, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, exotic Newcastle disease, and hog cholera.
Processed:
Digitization Status: None
Collection Number: 178
Collection Name: USDA Bureau of Animal Industry Photograph Collection [Animal Science Institute (ASI) Archives]
Earliest Date: 1913
Latest Date: 1951
Linear Feet: 17
Collection Description: The USDA Bureau of Animal Industry Photograph Collection comprises black and white photographs, 531 glass negatives, and 1,220 acetate negatives covering many aspects of the animal industry. Subjects include animal anatomy, animal housing, equipment such as slaughtering tools, animal products such as wool, processing steps, cuts of beef, diseases, and laboratories. Black and white photographs document people involved in the work of the Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI). The collection includes photographs of border patrol, quarantine, and vaccination efforts against foot-and-mouth disease along the United States-Mexico border.
Historical or Biographical Sketch: The Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) was formed in 1884, and was an evolution from the Veterinary Division that had been established a year earlier, and also from the program of the Treasury Department that regulated animal transportation. The BAI was the first bureau established in the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). BAI was created to put more emphasis on combating diseases that caused problems in cattle trade and production. The early focus of the bureau was to eradicate the most damaging, most communicable livestock diseases. In addition, very soon after its establishment, the bureau took on the duty of enforcing the new Meat Inspection Act. The BAI created two divisions for this task - one for meat inspection, the other for animal quarantine.
Throughout its history, the Bureau of Animal Industry had many other important divisions. Most notable of these were Animal Husbandry, Animal Nutrition, Animal Pathology, Dairy, and Zoological. These divisions had a multitude of tasks related to animal industry, including research, disease eradication, breeding, inspection, and even marketing of animal products. As the research needs of the bureau changed, so did the divisions; many of them changed names and/or merged with others.
In 1942 BAI was placed under the Agricultural Research Administration, which was created to consolidate the work of the USDA's major bureaus. In 1953 the USDA established the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), which abolished the bureau system. The functions of the BAI were transferred to various branches of ARS, mostly to the branches of Animal Inspection and Quarantine, and Animal Disease Eradication. The majority of the original functions of the BAI are now the responsibility of Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS).
Processed:
Formats: Photographs
Digitization Status: None
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Last Modified : April 6, 2018
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