Research Publications (Food Safety)

The emergence of multi-drug resistant E. coli is an important matter of increasing considerable concern to global public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, antibiotic resistance pattern and phylogroups of E. coli isolates obtained from raw milk, vegetable salad and ground meat samples collected from Qazvin Province (Iran).

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important pathogen that causes clinical mastitis in goats and produces infections difficult to cure. Different antimicrobials as fluoroquinolones have been used against S. aureus. However, the studies developed to evaluate the bacterial drug interaction only have used the MIC as a single reference point with artificial growth media. The aims of this study were to describe the effect of marbofloxacin on S.

Brucella melitensis Rev.1 is a live attenuated vaccine strain that is widely used to control brucellosis in small ruminants. For successful surveillance and control programs, rapid identification and characterization of Brucella isolates and reliable differentiation of vaccinated and naturally infected animals are essential prerequisites.

Plant microbiomes play an important role in agricultural productivity, but there is still much to learn about their provenance, diversity, and organization.

Invited review: Stress resistance of Cronobacter spp. affecting control of its growth during food production. By Wang et al., page 11348. In this review, we summarized Cronobacter spp. isolated from a variety of sources, including dairy products. The environmental stress resistance of Cronobacter spp. and its influencing factors were analyzed. Stress resistance is the main reason for the presence of Cronobacter in food processing environments and final products.

Author(s): Irene Martín, Alicia Rodríguez, Alberto Alía, Mónica Martínez-Blanco, Daniel Lozano-Ojalvo, Juan J. Córdoba

Author(s): S. Yadav, P.Y. Teng, J. Choi, A.K. Singh, S. Vaddu, H. Thippareddi, W.K. Kim Poultry is the major sources of foodborne salmonellosis. Antibiotic resistance and a surge in zoonotic diseases warrant the use of natural alternatives. Glucosinolates (GLs) are naturally occurring antimicrobial compounds in rapeseed and canola.

Introduction. Antibiotic use, particularly amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in dairy farming, has been associated with an increased incidence of AmpC-hyperproducing Escherichia coli .

Toxin-contaminated foods and beverages are a major source of illness, may cause death, and have a significant negative economic impact worldwide. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a potent toxin that may induce cancer after chronic low-level exposure. This study developed a quantitative recombinant AflR gene antiserum ELISA technique for aflatoxin B1 detection in contaminated food products. Aflatoxin B1 residuals from 36 food samples were analyzed with HPLC and VICAM.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains one of the greatest public health-perturbing crises of the 21st century, where species have evolved a myriad of defence strategies to resist conventional therapy.

Despite decades of intensive research on bacteriophage lambda, a relatively uncharacterized region remains between the exo and xis genes. Collectively, exo-xis region genes are expressed during the earliest stages of the lytic developmental cycle and are capable of affecting the molecular events associated with the lysogenic-lytic developmental decision. In Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and enterohemorragic E.

Calf diarrhea is one of the most concerning challenges facing both the dairy and beef cattle industry. Maintaining healthy gut microbiota is essential for preventing gastrointestinal disorders. Here, we observed significantly less bacterial richness in the abnormal feces with watery or hemorrhagic morphology compared to the normal solid feces.

Cronobacter species, in particular C. sakazakii, is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen implicated in the development of potentially debilitating illnesses in infants (<12months old). The combination of a poorly developed immune system and gut microbiota put infants at a higher risk of infection compared to other age groups.

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium causing listeriosis in animals and humans. To initiate a foodborne infection, L. monocytogenes has to pass through the host gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In this study, we evaluated survival abilities of L. monocytogenes 10403S wild type (WT) and its isogenic mutants in alternative sigma (σ) factor genes (i.e., sigB, sigC, sigH, and sigL) under simulated gastric, duodenal, and bile fluids.

Despite an increasing appreciation in the importance of host–microbe interactions in ecological and evolutionary processes, information on the gut microbial communities of some marine mammals is still lacking. Moreover, whether diet, environment, or host phylogeny has the greatest impact on microbial community structure is still unknown.

ABSTRACT Legume root nodules harbor rhizobia and other non-nodulating endophytes known as nodule-associated bacteria (NAB) whose role in the legume symbiosis is still unknown. We analysed the genetic diversity of 34 NAB isolates obtained from the root nodules of faba bean grown under various soil conditions in Egypt using 16S rRNA and concatenated sequences of three housekeeping genes.

Background Chronic Q fever usually develops within 2 years after primary infection with Coxiella burnetii. We determined the interval between acute Q fever and diagnosis of chronic infection, assessed what factors contribute to a longer interval, and evaluated the long-term follow-up. Methods From 2007 to 2018, patients with chronic Q fever were included from 45 participating hospitals.

by Basel H. Abuaita, Anna-Lisa E. Lawrence, Ryan P. Berger, David R. Hill, Sha Huang, Veda K. Yadagiri, Brooke Bons, Courtney Fields, Christiane E. Wobus, Jason R. Spence, Vincent B. Young, Mary X. O’Riordan Salmonella enterica represents over 2500 serovars associated with a wide-ranging spectrum of disease; from self-limiting gastroenteritis to invasive infections caused by non-typhoidal serovars (NTS) and typhoidal serovars, respectively.

by Marjo V. Mendoza, Windell L. Rivera

In Latin America, nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is one of the most important etiological agents of foodborne infections; it can survive in soil, water, and food even after processing. Here, we aimed to perform a systematic review by collecting data on the prevalence, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of NTS isolated from different food products in Latin America, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Author(s): Rongrong He, Weijun Chen, Ming Zhang, Qiuping Zhong, Hailing Zhang, Haiming Chen, Wenxue Chen

Author(s): Tatsuya Nakayama, Tran Thi Tuyet Hoa, Hong Mong Huyen, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Michio Jinnai, Doan Tran Nguyen Minh, Oanh Nguyen Hoang, Hien Le Thi, Phong Ngo Thanh, Hoai Phuong Hoang, Do Phuc Nguyen, Chinh Dang Van, Yuko Kumeda, Atsushi Hase

Author(s): Yan Ma, Yingying Zhang, Zhongguo Shan, Xin Wang, Xiaodong Xia

Author(s): Omar Hernández Hernández, Ana L. Gutiérrez-Escolano, Cleo Cancio-Lonches, Montserrat H. Iturriaga, Juan Ramiro Pacheco-Aguilar, Rocío Morales-Rayas, Sofía M. Arvizu-Medrano A multiplex PCR method was developed for the simultaneous detection of murine norovirus (MNV-1) as a surrogate for human norovirus (HuNoV) GI and GII, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in fresh produce.

Author(s): Xiaowei Zhang, Donggen Zhou, Yifang Cao, Yan Zhang, Xinglong Xiao, Fengsong Liu, Yigang Yu