Research Publications (Food Safety)

The European epidemic monophasic variant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. 1,4,[5],12:i:-) characterized by the multi locus sequence type ST34 and the antimicrobial resistance ASSuT profile has become one of the most common serovars in Europe (EU) and the United States (US). In this study, we reconstructed the time-scaled phylogeny and evolution of this Salmonella in Europe. The epidemic S.

Author(s): Julia Baudry, Pauline Rebouillat, Benjamin Allès, Jean-Pierre Cravedi, Mathilde Touvier, Serge Hercberg, Denis Lairon, Rodolphe Vidal, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot

Purpose
To examine dietary exposure to 25 pesticide residues in several diet groups including omnivores, pesco-vegetarians, vegetarians and vegans while accounting for the farming system (organic or conventional) of plant-based foods consumed.

Heavy metals are continuously released into the oceans from both natural and anthropogenic sources. They are serious threats to both ecosystem and human health because of their toxicity, persistence, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. We present metal concentrations in the economically important bluefish from Iskenderun Bay, providing valuable information on Northeastern Mediterranean aquatic ecosystem health, as well as the human health risk.

River water-column and bottom-sediments samples were screened for 160 pesticide compounds to compare the types of pesticides present in the water-column versus bottom-sediments, and between segments of rivers flowing through intensively-managed versus semi-natural habitats. Of the 35 pesticide compounds detected, current-use pesticides accounted for 96% (water) and 76% (bottom sediments). Pesticide mixtures were present in 72% (water) and 51% (sediment) of the total samples.

Sweet sorghum has potential for phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) owning to its large biomass and relatively high Cd tolerance. Nitrogen affects both growth and Cd concentrations in plants. However, different forms of nitrogen effects on Cd accumulation in sweet sorghum to improve efficiency of Cd phytoremediation is still elusive.

Author(s): Ge Chen, Guangyang Liu, Huiyan Jia, Xueyan Cui, Yuanshang Wang, Dongyang Li, Weijia Zheng, Yongxin She, Donghui Xu, Xiaodong Huang, A.M. Abd El-Aty, Jianchun Sun, Haijin Liu, Yuting Zou, Jing Wang, Maojun Jin, Bruce D. Hammock

Author(s): Guofeng Xu, Shuang Liu, Mingquan Huang, Xue Jiang, Meng Yang

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli is the most commonly identified human pathogen and a prominent microorganism of the gut microbiota. Acquired resistance to antibiotics in this species is driven mainly by horizontal gene transfer and plasmid acquisition. Currently, the main concern is the acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamases of the CTX-M type in E. coli, a worldwide-observed phenomenon. Plasmids encoding CTX-M enzymes have different scaffolds and conjugate at different frequencies.

Leishmaniasis and Chagas are among the most significant neglected tropical diseases. Due to several drawbacks with the current chemotherapy, developing new antikinetoplastid drugs has become an urgent issue.

The intestinal protozoan Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrheal disease and mortality in young children. There is currently no fully effective treatment for cryptosporidiosis, which has stimulated interest in anticryptosporidial development over the last ~10 years, with numerous lead compounds identified, including several tRNA synthetase inhibitors.

by Sang Ho Park, Haley Siddiqi, Daniela V. Castro, Anna A. De Angelis, Aaron L. Oom, Charlotte A. Stoneham, Mary K. Lewinski, Alex E. Clark, Ben A. Croker, Aaron F. Carlin, John Guatelli, Stanley J. Opella

by Eui-Jin Kim, Oh Hoon Kwon, Shin Hyoung Park, Dong-Kyu Kim, Koohong Chung

Author(s): Jan Sácký, Jiří Černý, Jiří Šantrůček, Jan Borovička, Tereza Leonhardt, Pavel Kotrba

Author(s): Yulin Xiang, Furen Kang, Qiang Li

Author(s): B. Acoglu, P. Yolci Omeroglu

Exploring novel p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, HPPD) inhibitors has become one of the most promising research directions in herbicide innovation. On the basis of our tremendous interest in exploiting more powerful HPPD inhibitors, we designed a family of benzyl-containing triketone-aminopyridines via a structure-based drug design (SBDD) strategy and then synthesized them.

High concentrations of heavy metals in mine soil disturb the interactions between legumes and microorganisms leading to select strains adapted to these specific conditions. In this work, we analyzed the diversity of fifty strains isolated from Trifolium sp. nodules growing on Pb–Zn mine soil, in the Northeastern of Algeria and highlighted their potential symbiotic traits.

Increasing environmental pollutants such as heavy metals have become one of the most severe health dangers because of rapid industrialization. Exposure to lead and nickel heavy toxic metals can lead to hazardous diseases affecting most of the organs in humans. Bioremediation is a process that uses the ability of microorganisms or plants to detoxify environmental contaminants at lower costs than physicochemical techniques.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, Accepted Article. Iran is the most important exporter of pistachios in the world. One of pistachio export challenges is the damage of pistachio by warehouse pests. Many efforts have been made to discover alternative methods of non-toxic pest control. To study the effect of the cold plasma jet on P. interpunctella of pistachio nut, three treatment variables were used by argon/air ratio, the plasma exposure time, and the power supply voltage.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, Accepted Article. The physicochemical characteristics and chemical safety of two categories of grilled meat from Niger were assessed, using sun drying and optionally wood fire grilling processes. Contamination factors associated with the critical unit operations were identified and the technological parameters were monitored through these processes. Sixty samples were analysed for dry matter, pH and water activity.

The current work aimed to study the effect of adding gum Arabic and varying fat (butter) contents on the physicochemical characteristics of gluten-free quinoa cakes and compared it to cakes made from 100% wheat flour and control quinoa flour. Gum Arabic (GA) was supplemented in three levels (0.1, 0.5, and 1%, w/w) while fat was simultaneously reduced at 25, 50, and 75% (w/v) during the preparation of 100% gluten-free quinoa cakes (GFQCs).

Background Our goal was to identify genetic risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania braziliensis. Methods Genotyping 2066 CL cases and 2046 controls using Illumina HumanCoreExomeBeadChips provided data for 4 498 586 imputed single-nucleotide variants (SNVs). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using linear mixed models took account of genetic diversity/ethnicity/admixture.

Some effects of biochar on soil properties (such as pore water DOC) are not very clear.

Abstract

Background and aims

In China and several other rice growing countries, lime application is a common practice to alleviate soil acidification in rice paddies. Liming may also reduce the concentration of the common toxin Cadmium (Cd) in rice plants. We evaluated to what extent lime application affects rice yield and grain Cd concentration.