Research Publications (Food Safety)

Background

The pet industry is expanding worldwide, particularly raw meat-based diets (RMBDs). There are concerns regarding the safety of RMBDs, especially their potential to spread clinically relevant antibiotic-resistant bacteria or zoonotic pathogens.

Aim

IntroductionCryopreservation of semen can give full play to the reproductive advantages of male animals. However, in actual production, due to the poor frost resistance of sheep semen and the low conception rate, the promotion of sheep frozen semen is greatly hindered. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the frost resistance of semen to improve the quality of frozen semen.

Background Emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance is one of the major risks associated with the rampant usage of antibiotics in food-producing animals including aquaculture.

Background For pathogen detection in food, there are occasions where samples cannot be processed immediately after selective enrichment or need to be reexamined days or weeks later for confirmation or retest. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of different prolonged period of storage of selective enrichments of food at 4 ± 2°C and room temperature (20–22°C) on the detection and isolation of Salmonella.

This study investigates if a mixture of ribwort, sorrel, and yarrow extracts can reduce the thermal resistance of Salmonella Enteritidis in ground chicken. The thermal death kinetics calculated by curve fitting to the log‐linear and Weibull models revealed that the herbal extract mixture may provide Salmonella‐free cooked chicken products.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Ahead of Print. The emergence of foodborne Salmonella strains carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in mobile genetic elements (MGE) is a significant public health threat in a One Health context requiring continuous surveillance. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporins is of particular concern.

by A. Q. M. Robiul Kawser, M. Nazmul Hoque, M. Shaminur Rahman, Tahsin Islam Sakif, Tracey J. Coffey, Tofazzal Islam The field of fish microbiome research has rapidly been advancing, primarily focusing on farmed or laboratory fish species rather than natural or marine fish populations.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis and Lonicerae Flos (SL) extract on the growth performance and intestinal health of yellow-feather broilers following a Clostridium perfringens challenge.

This study investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate derived from barramundi on growth performance, muscle composition, immune response, disease resistance, histology and gene expression in white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). In vitro studies demonstrated FPH enhanced mRNA expressions of key immune-related genes and stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and phagocytic activity in shrimp hemocytes.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the primary pathogenic agents found in cheeses produced with raw milk. Some strains of S. aureus are enterotoxigenic, possessing the ability to produce toxins responsible for staphylococcal food poisoning when present in contaminated foods. This study aimed to genotypically characterize, assess the antimicrobial resistance profile, and examine the enterotoxigenic potential of strains of S.

Background and aims Cadmium (Cd) pollution in rice is a health hazard. to humans. Amendments often decreases soil Cd bioavailability and Cd accumulation in rice plants. However, a complete and quantitative understanding of the effects of soil amendment on soil properties, Cd availability, rice yield, and Cd accumulation in rice is lacking.

Abstract Rice is a staple diet for a significant proportion of the global population. As toxicity is a major issue affecting the rice productivity and quality worldwide. Phloem tissues of rice plants play vital roles in As speciation, long-distance transport, and unloading, thereby controlling the As accumulation in rice grains.

Microviridae is a family of phages with circular ssDNA genomes and they are widely found in various environments and organisms. In this study, virome techniques were employed to explore potential members of Microviridae in a poultry slaughterhouse, leading to the identification of 98 novel and complete microvirus genomes.

Accurate detection, identification, and subsequent confirmation of pathogens causing foodborne illness are essential for the prevention and investigation of foodborne outbreaks. This is particularly true when the causative agent is an enteric virus that has a very low infectious dose and is likely to be present at or near the limit of detection.

Abstract Aims Contact with backyard poultry (i.e., privately‐owned, non‐commercial poultry) was first associated with a multistate outbreak of salmonellosis in 1955. In recent years, backyard poultry‐associated salmonellosis outbreaks have caused more illnesses in the United States than salmonellosis outbreaks linked to any other type of animal. Here, we describe the epidemiology of outbreaks from 2015–2022 to inform prevention efforts.

Marine photosynthetic (micro)organisms drive multiple biogeochemical cycles and display a large diversity. Among them, the bloom-forming, free-living dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum CCMP 1329 (formerly P. minimum) stands out with its distinct cell biological features. Here, we obtained insights into the structural properties of the chloroplast and the photosynthetic machinery of P. cordatum using microscopic and proteogenomic approaches.

The biochar was derived from four feedstocks: buckwheat straw, rice straw, mustard stover, and soybean stover. The results showed that, with increase in biochar application rate the soil temperature increased significantly in both 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil depth. The soil temperature decreased with increase in soil depth after different feedstock derived biochar application.

The marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium is known to form harmful algal blooms (HABs) and produces saxitoxin (STX) and its derivatives (STXs) that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans. Cell growth and cellular metabolism are affected by environmental conditions, including nutrients, temperature, light, and the salinity of aquatic systems.

Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate (BMD), as a feed additive to poultry diets, enhances digestion, prevents Salmonella enteritidis (SE) colonization, and treats current infections. The objective of this study was to utilize a quantitative proteomic approach to determine the effect of BMD feed additive on broiler chickens challenged with SE in the spleen proteome.

Abstract The global shrimp market holds substantial prominence within the food industry, registering a significant USD 24.7 billion in worldwide exportation in 2020. However, the production of a safe and high‐quality product requires consideration of various factors, including the potential for allergenic reactions, occurrences of foodborne outbreaks, and risks of spoilage.

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Ahead of Print. Salmonella enterica is the etiological agent responsible for salmonellosis. Here, we report the draft whole genome sequences of 13 S. enterica subsp. enterica isolates from chickens and cows, as well as from previous Canadian Salmonella outbreaks investigated by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
 

Enterococcus cecorum is associated with bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) in broilers. Prophylactic treatment with antimicrobials is common in the poultry industry, and, in the case of outbreaks, antimicrobial treatment is needed. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and epidemiological cutoff (ECOFF) values (COWT) for ten antimicrobials were determined in a collection of E. cecorum strains.

Abstract Background Biochar can enhance phytoremediation in petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soils, making it an intriguing soil amendment option for remediating polluted soil. Biochar can improve the fertility of depleted soils through a range of mechanisms. This study can contribute valuable insights into the origin of biochar and enhance our understanding of the efficacy of different biochar types in remediating petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soils.

by Nutthapon Sangklai, Premruethai Supungul, Pattana Jaroenlak, Anchalee Tassanakajon The microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a fungi-related, spore-forming parasite. EHP infection causes growth retardation and size variation in shrimp, resulting in severe economic losses. Studies on shrimp immune response have shown that several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were upregulated upon EHP infection.

The poultry industry faces significant challenges in controlling Salmonella contamination while reducing antibiotic use, particularly with the emergence of Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) strains posing risks to food safety and public health.