Research Publications (Food Safety)

Little is known about shifts in the fecal microbiome of dairy calves preceding and following the incidence of gastrointestinal disease. The objective of this cohort study was to describe the fecal microbiome of preweaned dairy calves before, during, and after gastrointestinal disease. A total of 111 Holstein dairy calves were enrolled on 2 dairies (D1 and D2) and followed until 5 weeks old. Health assessments were performed weekly and fecal samples were collected every other week.

Selenoprotein is a feed additive that can overcome oxidative stress in intensive Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) culture. This study evaluated the effects of selenoprotein supplementation at various doses on Pacific white shrimp’s digestibility, growth, and health performance.

The present study investigated the growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal morphology, and microbiota communities of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) fed diets containing different proportions of soy protein concentrate (SPC) (0, 15%, 30%, and 45%, namely FM, SPC15, SPC30, and SPC45) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) for 8 weeks.

Efforts have been made to find alternatives to fish meal (FM), as the sustainability of aquaculture depends on it. Insect meal (IM) is a potential candidate to partially replace FM, being more sustainable and economically viable. In this experimental trial, three diets were tested with different yellow mealworm incorporation: a control diet with no IM, a diet with an inclusion of 10% IM (Ins10), and a diet with an incorporation of 20% IM (Ins20).

This study investigated tea polyphenols (TP), α‐lipoic acid (ALA) and their joint use on the antioxidant and lipid metabolic performance of hybrid grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂E. lanceolatu) took food with high‐fat diets. Six high‐lipid diets with isonitrogen (50% of dry matter) and isolipid (17% of dry value) were designed, in which a total content of 1,000 mg/kg additives were added to each group except for the control group (FL).

The effects of dietary supplementation with mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, haematological parameters, abundance of intestinal Vibrio spp., immune response, and tolerance to low salinity stress and Streptococcus iniae challenge were evaluated in pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Pompano (3.24 ± 0.45 g) were fed six diets including a basal diet as control, and the basal diets supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, or 0.8% MOSs for 8 weeks.

BackgroundThe microbiota-gut-lung axis has elucidated a potential association between gut microbiota and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, there is a paucity of population-level studies with providing robust evidence for establishing causality.

This research underscored the crucial role of Alcalase and Flavourzyme in generating antibacterial peptides. Certain fractions of mung bean and adzuki bean protein hydrolysates contained bioactive peptides against S. aureus and S. Typhimurium. Interestingly, small cationic peptides containing lysine with an amphipathic nature were a key factor in inhibiting S. aureus.

This study intended to isolate a Vibrio-particular phage from the natural environment, analyze its characteristics and genome sequence, and investigate its reduction effect on V. parahaemolyticus biofilm as a biocontrol agent in squid and mackerel. Among 21 phages, phage CAU_VPP01, isolated from beach mud, was chosen for further experiments based on host range and EOP tests.

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Ahead of Print. Vibrio metoecus was isolated from the abdominal cavity of moribund laboratory zebrafish. We report complete genomic sequences of V. metoecus strain ZF102 that has two circular chromosomes of 2,872,299 and 1,170,691 bp and two plasmids of 5,265 and 2,361 bp.
 

The sheep rumen microbiome contains a vast wealth of known and unknown members, whose metabolic processes impact nutrient acquisition as well as gut and overall health of the animal. Based on previous research from our group on investigating the impact of a change in diet on the composition of the rumen microbiome in lambs, further insights into the metabolic functions of novel bacterial species represented by three Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were pursued.

IntroductionCryopreservation of semen can give full play to the reproductive advantages of male animals. However, in actual production, due to the poor frost resistance of sheep semen and the low conception rate, the promotion of sheep frozen semen is greatly hindered. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the frost resistance of semen to improve the quality of frozen semen.

Background Emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance is one of the major risks associated with the rampant usage of antibiotics in food-producing animals including aquaculture.

This study investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate derived from barramundi on growth performance, muscle composition, immune response, disease resistance, histology and gene expression in white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). In vitro studies demonstrated FPH enhanced mRNA expressions of key immune-related genes and stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and phagocytic activity in shrimp hemocytes.

Microviridae is a family of phages with circular ssDNA genomes and they are widely found in various environments and organisms. In this study, virome techniques were employed to explore potential members of Microviridae in a poultry slaughterhouse, leading to the identification of 98 novel and complete microvirus genomes.

Abstract The global shrimp market holds substantial prominence within the food industry, registering a significant USD 24.7 billion in worldwide exportation in 2020. However, the production of a safe and high‐quality product requires consideration of various factors, including the potential for allergenic reactions, occurrences of foodborne outbreaks, and risks of spoilage.

by Nutthapon Sangklai, Premruethai Supungul, Pattana Jaroenlak, Anchalee Tassanakajon The microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a fungi-related, spore-forming parasite. EHP infection causes growth retardation and size variation in shrimp, resulting in severe economic losses. Studies on shrimp immune response have shown that several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were upregulated upon EHP infection.

Abstract Global ornamental fish transportation ranging from hours to days can produce multiple stress factors impact fish health and cause mortality. Clownfish, particularly Amphiprion ocellaris, are among the most traded saltwater ornamental fish. Vibrio includes several pathogenic strains that affect aquatic animals. Consequently, prophylactic treatment of the water or fish is recommended.

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Ahead of Print. The complete genome sequence is reported for Vibrio harveyi isolate K2014767, isolated from a captive Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) during a species-specific mortality event in a public display aquarium in the United States.
 

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, its virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and its resistance determinants in shrimp. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, to identify and select relevant peer-reviewed articles published between January 2020 and December 2022.

Abstract This study investigated the disparities in soil characteristics and pathogenic bacteria prevalence between shrimp ponds affected by acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and unaffected ponds, alongside examining the spatial distribution of soil attributes in flat‐oriented pond soil strata.

The rumen microbiota is important for energy and nutrient acquisition in cattle, and therefore its composition may also affect carcass merit and meat quality attributes.

Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) from the intestinal contents of wild fish may have a relevant ecological significance and could be used as indicators of antimicrobial-resistance dissemination in natural bacterial populations in water bodies impacted by urban contamination. Thus, the occurrence of ARB in the intestinal contents of pelagic and demersal wild fishes captured in anthropogenic-impacted Coquimbo Bay in Chile was studied.