Research Publications (Food Safety)

Lead (Pb) is a hazardous heavy metal that accumulates in many environments. Phytoremediation of Pb polluted soil is an environmentally friendly method, and a better understanding of mycorrhizal symbiosis under Pb stress can promote its efficiency and application. This study aims to evaluate the impact of two ectomycorrhizal fungi (Suillus grevillei and Suillus luteus) on the performance of Pinus tabulaeformis under Pb stress, and the biomineralization of metallic Pb in vitro.

Although more attention has been paid to microplastics (MPs) pollution in environment, research on the synthetic influence of microplastic and heavy metals remains limited. To help fill this information gap, we investigated the adsorption behavior of virgin polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVCMPs) (≤450 µm white spherical powder) on cadmium (II).

Abstract Aims Our aim is to characterize through whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and heavy metal tolerance (HMT) genes content, plasmid presence, virulence potential and genomic diversity of the rare non‐typhoid Salmonella enterica serovar Orion (S. Orion) from 19 countries of the African, American, Eastern Mediterranean, European, Southeastern Asia and Western Pacific regions. Methods and Results Totally 324 S.

Background and aims Cadmium (Cd) pollution in rice is a health hazard. to humans. Amendments often decreases soil Cd bioavailability and Cd accumulation in rice plants. However, a complete and quantitative understanding of the effects of soil amendment on soil properties, Cd availability, rice yield, and Cd accumulation in rice is lacking.

Abstract Rice is a staple diet for a significant proportion of the global population. As toxicity is a major issue affecting the rice productivity and quality worldwide. Phloem tissues of rice plants play vital roles in As speciation, long-distance transport, and unloading, thereby controlling the As accumulation in rice grains.

The biochar was derived from four feedstocks: buckwheat straw, rice straw, mustard stover, and soybean stover. The results showed that, with increase in biochar application rate the soil temperature increased significantly in both 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil depth. The soil temperature decreased with increase in soil depth after different feedstock derived biochar application.

Abstract Background Biochar can enhance phytoremediation in petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soils, making it an intriguing soil amendment option for remediating polluted soil. Biochar can improve the fertility of depleted soils through a range of mechanisms. This study can contribute valuable insights into the origin of biochar and enhance our understanding of the efficacy of different biochar types in remediating petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soils.

Background and aims Rice is prone to Cd uptake under aerobic soil conditions primarily due to the OsNramp5 Mn transport pathway. Unlike Cd, Mn availability in rice paddies decreases as redox potential increases.

According to the state of the art, most of the mixed copper and copper alloy scrap and residues are processed in a copper smelter. Despite the environmental and economic advantages relative to primary production, the recycling of copper and its alloying elements (zinc, tin, lead, nickel, etc.) requires significantly more energy and cost than remelting unmixed or pure scrap fractions such as separate collected material or production scrap.

Phytoextraction is an effective technique for removing cadmium (Cd) from contaminated farmland, thus achieving real ecological restoration. To clarify the potential of peanut phytoextraction, we designed a pot experiment to assess the Cd accumulation in peanut. In addition, the contribution of rhizosphere microorganisms in Cd accumulation was explored.

Abstract Background Including seaweed in cattle feed has gained increased interest, but it is important to take into account that the concentration of toxic metals, especially arsenic, is high in seaweed. This study investigated the arsenic species in milk from seaweed‐fed cows.

Biochar is an environment-friendly immobilizing agent and performs better in remediating soil cadmium (Cd) along with compost. However, little attention has been paid to the effects of the intrinsic properties of biochar in combination with compost on the phytoavailability and translocation of legacy Cd (CdL) and newly introduced Cd (CdN) in the soil-lettuce-human system.

by Nisha Mahey, Rushikesh Tambat, Ritu Kalia, Rajnita Ingavale, Akriti Kodesia, Nishtha Chandal, Srajan Kapoor, Dipesh Kumar Verma, Krishan Gopal Thakur, Sanjay Jachak, Hemraj Nandanwar

In this work, pristine CeO2 and Zn-doped CeO2 nanorods were prepared through facile hydrothermal process and characterized. The Zn-dopied CeO2 was first used for dispersive solid phase micro extraction (d-SPµE) of lead in water and food. The conditions affecting d-SPµE of lead were optimized. They were pH, adsorption/elution contact time, and eluent type/volume/concentration, interfering ion effects and sample volume.

Arsenic (As) accumulation in plants is a global concern. Although the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has been suggested as a potential solution to decrease As concentration in plants, there is currently a gap in a comprehensive, quantitative assessment of the abiotic and biotic factors influencing As accumulation.

Background

Heavy metal pollution has become a global problem, which urgently needed to be solved owing to its severe threat to water ecosystems and human health. Thus, the exploration and development of a simple, cost-effective and environmental-friendly technique to remove metal elements from contaminated water is of great importance. Algae are a kind of photosynthetic autotroph and exhibit excellent bioadsorption capacities, making them suitable for wastewater treatment.

Cadmium (Cd) and high molybdenum (Mo) are injurious to the body. Previous research has substantiated that Cd and Mo exposure caused testicular injury of ducks, but concrete mechanism is not fully clarified.

Introduction

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been demonstrated their ability to enhance the arsenic (As) tolerance of host plants, and making the utilization of mycorrhizal plants a promising and practical approach for remediating As-contaminated soils. However, comprehensive transcriptome analysis to reveal the molecular mechanism of As tolerance in the symbiotic process between AMF and host plants is still limited.

Methods

Abstract Background and Objectives Wheat porridge contributes to the intake of micronutrients but can also be a route of the toxic heavy metal, cadmium. This study aimed to determine the effect of processing on micronutrients, cadmium dialyzability, and cellular bioaccessibility. Findings Cadmium (0.21%), magnesium (0.19%), iron (0.17%), and zinc (0.07%) presented low bioaccessibility from raw whole wheat flour.

As lead molecules, cyclic lipopeptides with antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties have garnered a lot of attention in recent years. Because of their potential, cyclic lipopeptides have earned recognition as a significant class of antimicrobial compounds with applications in pharmacology and biotechnology.

Abstract Biochar is a promising candidate for the sustainable remediation of soils, especially those contaminated with cationic heavy metals, because of its liming effect and tunable surface functionality. Despite its potential, prior studies have highlighted biochar's limitations in immobilizing soil oxyanions, such as arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb), particularly in the short term.

Sustainability is a ‘buzzword’ often used within and outside of the agriculture industry. Southeastern beef cow-calf and stocker operations often utilize management practices which embody the core definition of sustainability to improve land resource, economic, and social viability. In forage-based production systems, year-round management practices are generally viewed by the scientific community in terms of production and economic responses.

Background and aims

Enhanced silicate rock weathering (ERW) on cropland soils can increase crop yield and promote carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Applying silicate rock powder to flooded rice paddies can promote weathering, but the effects of ERW on rice production and CO2 removal rates in the field remain unclear.

Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on Bacillus velezensis ATCC PTA‐6737 as a zootechnical additive (functional group: gut flora stabilisers) in regard to the renewal of the authorisation for weaned piglets, weaned minor porcine species, sows and minor reproductive Suidae species, and its extension of use for all Suidae.

Microplastics and heavy metals pollution is recognised as a major problem affecting aquatic ecosystems.